GENERAL LITERATURE

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Articles or books by two or more authors are cited as follows. When there are two authors, citation is alphabetical after the second author's name. When there are three or more authors, references are cited in the body of the text as (e.g.) Chase et al. 2000a, 2000b, 2000c, and are listed following these sometimes alphabetically qualified dates of publication immediately after all the single- or two-authored articles by the first author.

Qi, X. [et al. 2018], Kuo, L,-Y., Guo, C., Li, H., Li, Z., Qi, J., Wang, L., Hu, Y., Xiang, J., Zhang, C., Guo, J., Huang, C.-H., & Ma, H. 2018. A well-resolved fern nuclear phylogeny reveals the evolution history of numerous transcription factor families. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 127: 961-977. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev

Qi, X. S. [et al. 2012], Chen, C., Comes, H. P., Sakagushi, S., Liu, Y.-H., Tanaka, N., Sakio, H. & Qiu, Y.-X. 2012. Molecular data and ecological niche modelling reveal a highly dynamic evolutionary history of the East Asian Tertiary relict Cercidiphyllum (Cercidiphyllaceae). New Phytol. 196: 617–630.

Qi, Z. [et al. 2012], Li, P., Zhao, Y., Cameron, K., & Fu, C. 2012. Molecular phylogeny and biogeography of Smilacaceae (Liliales), a cosmopolitan family of monocots. P. 197, in Botany 2012: The Next Generation. July 7-11 - Columbus, Ohio. Abstracts.

Qi, Z. [et al. 2013], Cameron, K. M., Li, P., Zhao, Y., Chen, S., Chen, G., & Fu, C. 2013. Phylogenetics, character evolution, and distribution patterns of the greenbriers, Smilacaceae (Liliales), a near cosmopolitan family of monocots. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 173: 535-548.

Qian, H. 2014. Contrasting relationships between clade age and temperature along latitudinal versus elevational gradients for woody angiosperms in forests of South America. J. Veget. Sci. 25: 1208–1215. doi: 10.1111/jvs.12175

Qian, H., & Ricklefs, R. E. 2004. Taxon richness and climate in angiosperms: Is there a globally consistent relationship that precludes region effects? American Naturalist 163: 773-779 [see Electronic Appendix for plant distributions].

Qian, H., & Ricklefs, R. E. 2016. Out of the tropical lowlands: Latitude versus elevantion. Trends Ecol. Evol.31: 738-741.

Qian, H., & Zhang, J. 2014. Using an updated time-calibrated family-level phylogeny of seed plants to test for non-random patterns of life forms across the phylogeny. J. Syst. Evol. 52: 423-430.

Qian, H. [et al. 2023], Zhang, J. Jin, Y., & Deng, T. 2023. Effects of evolutionary history on assembly of flowering plants in regions across Africa. Ecography 2023(9):e06775. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.06775

Qiao, X. [et al. 2019], Li, Q., Yin, H., Li, L., Wang, R., Zhang, S., & Paterson, A. H. 2019. Gene duplication and evolution in recurring polyploidization-diploidization cycles in plants. Genome Biol. 20:38. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13059-019-1650-2

Qin, A.-L. [et al. 2013], Wang, M.-M., Cun, Y.-Z., Yang, F.-S., Wang, S.-S., Ran, J.-R., & Wang, X.-Q. 2013. Phylogeographic evidence for a link of species divergence in Ephedra in the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau and adjacent regions to the Miocene Asian aridification. PLoS ONE 8(2):e56243. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0056243

Qin, H.-N. 1998. A taxonomic revision of the Lardizabalaceae. Cathaya 8-9: 1-214.

Qin, J. [et al. 2019], Li, J., Gao, Q., Wilson, J.-J., & Zhang, A.-B. 2019. Mitochondrial phylogeny and comparative mitogenomics of closely related pine moth pests (Lepidoptera: Dendrolimus). PeerJ 7:e7317. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7317

Qin, L. [et al. 2021], Hu, Y., Wang, J., Wang, X., Zhao, R., Shan, H., Li, K., Xu, P., Wu, H., Yan, X., Liu, L., Yi, Z., Wanke, S., Bowers, J. E., Leebens-Mack, J. H., dePamphilis, C. W., Soltis, P. S., Soltis, D. E., Kong, H., & Jiao, Y. 2021. Insights into angiosperm evolution, floral development and chemical biosynthesis from the Aristolochia fimbriata genome. Nature Plants 7: 1239-1253. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41477-021-00990-2

Qin, Q.-M. [et al. 2020]. Tong, Y.-H., Zheng, X.-R., Ni, J.-B., & Xia, N. H. 2021 [= 2020]. Sinosasa (Poaceae: Bambusoideae), a new genus from China. Taxon 70: 27-47.

Qiu, H., & Gilbert, M. G. 2003. Loranthaceae. Pp. 220-239, in Wu, Z., Raven, P. H., et al. (eds), Flora of China. 5. Ulmaceae through Basellaceae. Science Press, Beijing.

Qiu, H. [et al. 2023], Zhang, Z.-H., Wang, M.-Z., Jin, X.-J., Lin, J.-D., Comes, H. P., Chen, J.-X. Cui, R.-N., Duan, R.-Q., & Li, P. 2023. Plastome evolution and phylogenomics of Impatiens (Balsaminaceae). Planta 257:45. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-023-04078-3

Qiu, J. 2016. Trouble in Tibet. Nature 529: 142-145.

Qiu, R.-L. [et al. 2012], Tang, Y.-T., Zeng, X.-W., Thangavel, P., Tang, L., Gan, Y.-Y., Ying, R.-R., & Wang, S.-Z. 2012. Mechanisms of Cd hyperaccumulation and detoxification in heavy metal hyperaccumulators: How plants cope with Cd. Prog. Bot. 73: 127-.

Qiu, T. [et al. 2023], Aravena, M. C., Ascoli, D., Bergeron, Y., Bogdziewicz, M., Boivin, T., Bonal, R., Caignard, T., Cailleret, M., Calama, R., Calderon, S. D., Camarero, J. J., Chang-Yang, C.-H., Chave, J., Chianucci, F., Courbaud, B., Cutini, A., Das, A. J., Delpierre, N., Delzon, S., Dietze, M., Dormont, L., Espelta, J. M., Fahey, T. J., Farfan-Rios, W., Franklin, J. F., Gehring, C. A., Gilbert, G. S., Gratzer, G., Greenberg, C. H., Guignabert, A., Guo, Q., Hacket-Pain, A., Hampe, A., Han, Q., Holik, J., Hoshizaki, K., Ibanez, I., Johnstone, J. F., Journé, V., Kitzberger, T., Knops, J. M. H., Kunstler, G., Kurokawa, H., Lageard, J. G. A., LaMontagne, J. M., Lefevre, F., Leininger, T., Limousin, J.-M., Lutz, J. A., Macias, D., Marell, A., McIntire, E. J. B., Moore, C. M., Moran, E., Motta, R., Myers, J. A., Nagel, T. A., Naoe, S., Noguchi, M., Oguro, M., Parmenter, R., Pearse, I. S., Perez-Ramos, I. M., Piechnik, L., Podgorski, T., Poulsen, J., Redmond, M. D., Reid, C. D., Rodman, K. C., Rodriguez-Sanchez, F., Samonil, P., Sanguinetti, J. D., Scher, C. L., Seget, B., Sharma, S., Shibata, M., Silman, M., Steele, M. A., Stephenson, N. L., Straub, J. N., Sutton, S., Swenson, J. J., Swift, M., Thomas, P. A., Uriarte, M., Vacchiano, G., Whipple, A. V., Whitham, T. G., Wion, A. P., Wright, S. J., Zhu, K., Zimmerman, J. K., Zywiec, M., & Clark, J. S. 2023. Masting is uncommon in trees that depend on mutualist dispersers in the context of global climate and fertility gradients. Nature Plants https://doi.org/10.1038/s41477-023-01446-5

Qiu, Y. [et al. 2014], Filipenko, S. J., Darracq, A., & Adams, K. L. 2014. Expression of a transferred nuclear gene in a mitochondrial genome. Curr. Plant Biol. 1: 68-72.

Qiu, Y. L., & Estabrook, G. F. 2008. Inference of phylogenetic relationships among key angiosperm lineages using a compatabilty method on a molecular data set. J. Syst. Evol. 46: 130-141.

Qiu, Y.-L., & Palmer, J. D. 2004. Many independent origins of trans splicing of a mitochondrial group II intron. J. Molec. Evol. 59: 80-89.

Qiu, Y.-L. [et al. 1995], Chase, M. W., & Parks, C. R. 1995. A chloroplast DNA phylogenetic study of the eastern Asia - east North America disjunct section Rhytidospermum of Magnolia (Magnoliaceae). American J. Bot. 82: 1582-1588.

Qiu, Y.-L. [et al. 1998a], Chase, M. W., Hoot, S. B., Conti, E., Crane, P. R., Sytsma, K. J., & Parks, C. R. 1998a. Phylogenetics of the Hamamelidae and their allies: Parsimony analyses of nucleotide sequences of the plastid gene rbcL. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 159: 891-905.

Qiu, Y.-L. [et al. 1998b], Cho, Y., Cox, J. C., & Palmer, J. D. 1998b. The gain of three mitochondrial introns identifies liverworts as the earliest land plants. Nature 394: 671-674.

Qiu, Y.-L. [et al. 1999], Lee, J., Bernasconi-Quadroni, F., Soltis, D. E., Soltis, P. S., Zanis, M. J., Zimmer, E. A., Chen, Z., Savolainen, V., & Chase, M. W. 1999. The earliest angiosperms: Evidence from mitochondrial, plastid and nuclear genes. Nature 402: 404-407.

Qiu, Y.-L. [et al. 2000], Lee, J., Bernasconi-Quadroni, F., Soltis, D. E., Soltis, P. S., Zanis, M. J., Zimmer, E. A., Chen, Z., Savolainen, V., & Chase, M. W. 2000. Phylogeny of basal angiosperms: Analyses of five genes from three genomes. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 161(6: suppl. [Current Perspectives on Basal Angiosperms]): S3-S27.

Qiu, Y.-L. [et al. 2001], Lee, J., Whitlock, B. A., Bernasconi-Quadroni, F., & Dombrovska, O. 2001. Was the ANITA rooting of the angiosperm phylogeny affected by long-branch attraction? Molec. Biol. Evol. 18: 1745-1753.

Qiu, Y.-L. [et al. 2005], Dombrovska, O., Lee, J., Li, L., Whitlock, B. A., Bernasconi-Quadroni, F., Rest, J. S., Davis, C. C., Borsch, T., Hilu, K. W., Renner, S. S., Soltis, D. E., Soltis, P. S., Zanis, M. J., Cannone, J. J., Gutell, R. R., Powell, M., Savolainen, V., Chatrou, L. W., & Chase, M. W. 2005. Phylogenetic analysis of basal angiosperms based on nine plastid mitochondrial and nuclear genes. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 166: 815-842.

Qiu, Y.-L. [et al. 2006a], Li, L., Wang, B., Chen, Z., Knoop, V., Groth-Malonek, M., Dombrovska, O., Lee, J., Kent, L., Rest, J. S., Estabrook, G. F., Hendry, T. A., Taylor, D. W., Testa, C. M., Ambros, M., Crandall-Stotler, B., Duff, R. J., Stech, M., Frey, W., Quandt, D., & Davis, C. C. 2006a. The deepest divergences in land plants inferred from phylogenomic evidence. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 103: 15511-15516.

Qiu, Y.-L. [et al. 2006b], Li, L., Hendry, T, Li, R., Taylor, D. W., Issa, M. J., Ronen, A. J., Vekaria, M. L., & White, A. M. 2006b. Reconstructing the basal angiosperm phylogeny: Evaluating information content of mitochondrial genes. Taxon 55: 837-856.

Qiu, Y.-L. [et al. 2007], Li, L., Wang, B., Chen, Z., Dombrovska, O., Lee, J., Kent, L., Li, R., Jobson, R. J., Hendry, T. A., Taylor, D. W., Testa, C. M., & Ambros, M. 2007. A nonflowering land plant phylogeny inferred from nucleotide sequences of seven chloroplast, mitochondrial, and nuclear genes. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 168: 691-708.

Qiu, Y.-L. [et al. 2010], Li, L., Wang, B., Xue, J.-Y., Hendry, T. A., Li, R.-Q., Brown, J. W., Liu, Y., Hudson, G. T., & Chen, Z.-D. 2010. Angiosperm phylogeny inferred from sequences of four mitochondrial genes. J. Syst. Evol. 48: 391-425.

Qiu, Y.-L. [et al. 2012], Taylor, A. B., & McManus, H. A. 2012. Evolution of the life cycle in land plants. J. Syst. Evol. 50: 171-194.

Qiu, Z.-J. [et al. 2015], Lu, Y.-X., Li, C.-Q., Smith, J. F., & Wang, Y.-Z. 2015. Origin and evolution of Petrocosmea (Gesneriaceae) inferred from both DNA sequence and novel findings in morpholoogy with a test of morphology-based hypotheses. BMC Plant Biol. 15:167. doi: 10.1186/s12870-015-0540-3

Qu, X.-J. [et al. 2017], Wu, C.-S., Chaw, S.-M., & Yi, T.-S. 2017. Insights into the existence of isomeric plastomes in Cupressoideae (Cupressaceae). Genome Biol. Evol. 9: 1110–1119. doi: 10.1093/gbe/evx071

Qu, X.-J. [et al. 2019], Fan, S.-J., Wicke, S., & Yi, T.-S. 2019. Plastome reduction in the only parasitic gymnosperm Parasitaxus is due to losses of photosynthesis but not housekeeping genes and apparently involves the secondary gain of a large Inverted Repeat. Genome Biol. Evol. 11: 2789-2796.

Qu, X.-J. [et al. 2022], Zhang, X.-J., Cao, D.-L., Guo, X.-X., Mower, J. P., & Fan, S.-J. 2022. Plastid and mitochondrial phylogenomics reveal correlated substitution rate variation in Koenigia (Polygonoideae, Polygonaceae) and a reduced plastome for Koenigia delicatula including loss of all ndh genes. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 174:107544. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107544

Quach, Q. N. [et al. 2023], Clay, K., Lee, S. T., Gardner, D. R., & Cook, D. 2023. Phylogenetic patterns of bioactive secondary metabolites produced by fungal endosymbionts in morning glories (Ipomoeeae, Convolvulaceae). New Phytol. 238: 1351-1361.

Quandt, D., & Stech, M. 2003. Molecular systematics of bryophytes in context of land plant phylogeny. Pp. 267-295, in Sharma, A. K., & Sharma, A. (eds), Plant Genome: Biodiversity and Evolution. Volume 1, part A. Phanerogams. Scientific Publications, Enfield, NH.

Quandt, D. [et al. 2004], Müller, K., Stech, M., Frahm, J.-P., Frey, W., Hilu, K. W., & Borsch, T. 2004. Molecular evolution of the chloroplast trnL-F region in land plants. Pp. 15-37, in Goffinet, B., Hollowell, V., & Magill, R. (eds), Molecular Systematics of Bryophytes. Missouri Botanical Garden, St Louis, MO.

Quattrocchio, M. E. 2017. New fossil record of Lactoridaceae in the Paleogene of southern Patagonia (South America). Revista Mus. Argentino Cienc. Nat. N.S. 19: 71-84.

Quedensley, T. S. [et al. 2018], Gruenstaeudl, M., & Jansen, R. K. 2018. Phylogenetic relationships of the Mexican tussilaginoid genera (Asteraceae: Senecioneae). J. Bot. Research Inst. Texas 12: 481-498.

Queenborough, S. A. [et al. 2013], Metz, M. A., Valencia, R., & Wright, S. J. 2013. Demographic consequences of chromatic leaf defence in tropical tree communities: Do red young leaves increase growth and survival. Ann. Bot. 112: 677-684.

Quental, T. B., & Marshall, C. R. 2010. Diversity dynamics: Molecular phylogenies need the fossil record. Trends Ecol. Evol. 25: 434-441.

Quested, H. M. [et al. 2003], Cornelissen, J. H. C., Press, M. C., Callaghan, T. V., Aerts, R., Trosien, F., Riemann, P., Gwynn-Jones, D., Kondratchuk, A., & Jonasson, S. E. 2003. Decomposition of sub-Arctic plants with differing nitrogen economies: A functional role for hemiparasites. Ecology 84: 3209-3221.

Queva, C. 1894. Recherches sur l'anatomie de l'appareil végétatif des Taccacées et des Dioscorées. Mém. Soc. Sci. Agric. Lille, sér 4, 20: 1-457, pl. 1-18.

Quezada, I. M., & Gianoli, E. 2011. Crassulacean acid metabolism photosynthesis in Bromeliaceae: An evolutionary key innovation. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 104: 480-486.

Quezada, I. M. [et al. 2018], Gianoli, E., & Saldaña, A. 2018. Crassulacean acid metabolism and distribution range in Chilean Bromeliaceae: Influences of climate and phylogeny. J. Biogeog. 45: 1541-1549.

Quibell, C. H. 1941. Floral anatomy and morphology of Anemopsis californica. Bot. Gaz. 102: 749-758.

Quijano-Abril, M. A. [et al. 2006], Callejas-Posada, R., & Miranda-Esquivel, D. R. 2006. Areas of endemism and distribution patterns for Neotropical Piper species (Piperaceae). J. Biogeog. 33: 1266-1278.

Quilbé, J. [et al. 2021], Lamy, L., Brottier, L., Leleux, P., Fardoux, J., Rivallan, R., Benichou, T., Guyonnet, R.,l Becana, M., Villar, I., Garsmeur, O., Hufnagel, B., Delteil, A., Gully, D., Chaintreuil, C., Pervent, M., Cartieaux, F., Bourge, M.,s Valentin, N., Martin, G., Fontaine, L., Droc, G., Dereeper, A., Farmer, A., Libourel, C., Nouwen, N., Gressent, F., Mournet, P., D’Hont, A., Giraud, E., Klopp, C., & Arrighi, J.-F. 2021. Genetics of nodulation in Aeschynomene evenia uncovers mechanisms of the rhizobium–legume symbiosis. Nature Communic. 12:829. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-21094-7

Quilichini, T. D. [et al. 2015], Grienenberger, E., & Douglas, C. j. 2015. The biosynthesis, composition and assembly of the outer pollen wall: A tough case to crack. Phytochem. 113: 170-182.

Quinn, C. J. 1986. Embryogeny in Phyllocladus. New Zealand J. Bot. 24: 575-579.

Quinn, C. J. [et al. 2002], Price, R. A., & Gadek, P. A. 2002. Familial concepts and relationships in the conifers based on rbcL and matK sequence comparisons. Kew Bull. 57: 513-531.

Quinn, C. J. [et al. 2003], Crayn, D. M., Heslewood, M. M., Brown, E. A., & Gadek, P. A. 2003. A molecular estimate of the phylogeny of Styphelieae (Ericaceae). Australian Syst. Bot. 16: 581-594.

Quinn, C. J. [et al. 2005], Brown, E. A., Heslewood, M. M., & Crayn, D. M. 2005. Generic concepts in Styphelieae (Ericaceae): The Cyathodes group. Australian Syst. Bot. 18: 439-454.

Quinn, C. J. [et al. 2015], Crowden, R. K., Brown, E. A., Southam, M. J., Thornhill, A. H., & Crayn, D. M. 2015. A reappraisal of the generic concepts of Epacris, Rupicola and Budawangia (Ericaceae, Epacridoideae, Epacrideae) based on phylogenetic analysis of morphological and molecular data. Australian Syst. Bot. 28: 63-77.

Quint, M., & Claßen-Bockhoff, R. 2006a. Phylogeny of Bruniaceae based on matK and ITS sequence data. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 167: 135-146.

Quint, M., & Claßen-Bockhoff, R. 2006b. Floral ontogeny, petal diversity and nectary uniformity in Bruniaceae. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 152: 459-477.

Quint, M., & Claßen-Bockhoff, R. 2008. Ancient or recent? Insights into the temporal evolution of the Bruniaceae. Organisms Diversity Environ. 8: 293-304.

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Quintinar, A. [et al. 2007], Castroviejo, S., & Catalán, P. 2007. Phylogeny of the tribe Aveneae (Pooideae, Poaceae) inferred from plastid trnT-F and nucear ITS sequences. American J. Bot. 94: 1554-1569.

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Quiroga, M. P. [et al. 2016], Mathiasen, P., Iglesias, A., Mill, R. R., & Premoli, A. C. 2016. Molecular and fossil evidence disentangle the biogeographical history of Podocarpus, a key genus in plant geography. J. Biogeog. 43: 372-383.

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Rabah, S. O. [et al. 2018], Shrestha, B., Hajrah, N. H., Sabir, M. J., Alharby, H. F., Sabir, M. J., Alhebshi, A. A., Sabir, J. S. M., Gilbert, L. E., Ruhlman, T. A., &. Jansen, R. K. 2019 [= 2018]. Passiflora plastome sequencing reveals widespread genomic rearrangements. J. Syst. Evol. 57: 1-14.

Rabarijaona, R. N. [et al. 2020], Dang, V.-C., Parmar, G., Liu, B., Wen, J., Chen, Z.-D., & Lu, L.-M. 2020. Phylogeny and taxonomy of Afrocayratia, a new genus of Vitaceae from continental Africa and Madagascar. J. Syst. Evol. 58: 1090-1107. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12697

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Rabosky, D. L. 2009. Ecological limits and diversification rate: Alternative paradigms to explain variation in species richness among clades and regions. Ecol. Lett. 12: 735-743.

Rabosky, D. L. 2010a. Evolutionary bangs and whimpers: Methodological advances and conceptual frameworks for studying exceptional diversification. Syst. Biol. 59: 615-618.

Rabosky, D. L. 2010b. Primary controls on species richness in higher taxa. Syst Biol. 59: 634-645.

Rabosky, D. L. 2010c. Extinction rates should not be estimated from molecular phylogenies. Evolution 64: 1816-1824.

Rabosky, D. L. 2017a. Phylogenetic tests for evolutionary innovation: The problematic link between key innovations and exceptional diversification. Phil. Trans. Royal Soc. B, 372:20160417. http://dx. doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2016.0417

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Rabosky, D. L., & Goldberg, E. E. 2015. Model inadequacy and mistaken inferences of trait-dependent selection. Syst. Biol. 64: 340-355.

Rabosky, D. L., & Sorhannus, U. 2009. Diversity dynamics of marine planktonic diatoms across the Cenozoic. Nature 457: 183–186. doi:10.1038/nature07435

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Ronse Decraene, L.-P. 1990. Morphological studies of Tamaricales I: Floral ontogeny and anatomy of Reaumuria vermiculata L. Beitr. Biol. Pfl. 65: 181-203.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P. 1992. The Androecium of the Magnoliophytina: Characterisation and Systematic Importance. Thesis, Doctor in der Wetenschappen, Katholieke Universitet Leuwen.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P. 2002. Floral development and anatomy of Pentadiplandra (Pentadiplandraceae): A key genus in the identification of floral morphological trends in the core Brassicales. Canadian J. Bot. 80: 443-459.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P. 2003. The evolutionary significance of homeosis in flowers: A morphological perspective. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 164(5 Suppl): S225-S235.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P. 2004. Floral development in Berberidopsis corallina: A crucial link in the evolution of flowers in the core eudicots. Ann. Bot. 94: 741-751.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P. 2005. Floral developmental evidence for the systematic position of Batis (Batacaeae). American J. Bot. 92: 752-760.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P. 2007. Are petals sterile stamens or bracts? The origin and evolution of petals in the core eudicots. Ann. Bot. 100: 621-630.

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Ronse de Craene, L. P. 2010. Floral Diagrams. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Ronse de Craene, L. P. 2011. Floral development of Napoleonaea (Lecythidaceae), a deceptively complex flower. Pp. 279-295, in Wanntorp, L., & Ronse de Craene, L. P. (eds), Flowers on the Tree of Life. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. [Systematics Association Special Volume 80.]

Ronse de Craene, L. P. 2013. Reevaluation of the perianth and androecium in Caryophyllales: Implications for flower evolution. Plant Syst. Evol. 299: 1599-1636.

Ronse De Craene, L. P. 2016a. Montiniaceae. Pp. 269-274, in Kadereit, J. W., & Bittrich, V. (eds), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants, Volume 14: Flowering Plants: Eudicots - Aquifoliales, Boraginales, Bruniales, Dipsacales, Escalloniales, Garryales, Paracryphiales, Solanales (except Convolvulaceae), Icacinaceae, Metteniusaceae, Vahliaceae. Springer.

Ronse de Craena, L. P. 2016b. Meristic changes in flowering plants: How flowers play with numbers. Flora 221: 22-37.

Ronse De Craene, L. P. 2017a. Floral development of Berberidopsis beckleri - can an additional species of the Berberidopsidaceae add evidence to floral evolution in the core eudicots? Ann. Bot. 119: 599-610.

Ronse De Craene, L. P. 2017b. Floral development of the endangered genus Medusagyne (Medusagynaceae-Malpighiales): Spatial constraints of stamen and carpel increase. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 178: 639-649.

Ronse de Craene, L. 2018. Understanding the role of floral development in the evolution of angiosperm flowers: Clarifications from a historical and physico-dynamic perspective. J. Plant Res. 131: 367-393.

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Ronse Decraene, L.-P., & Akeroyd, J. R. 1998. Generic limits in Polygonum and related genera (Polygonaceae) on the basis of floral characters. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 98: 321-371.

Ronse de Craene, L.-P., & Brockington, S. F. 2013. Origin and evolution of petals in angiosperms. Plant Ecol. Evol. 146: 5-25.

Ronse de Craene, L.-P., & Bull-Hereñu, K. 2016. Obdiplostemony: The occurrence of a transitional stage linking robust flower configurations. Ann. Bot. 117: 709-724.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P., & Haston, E. 2006. The systematic relationships of glucosinolate-producing plants and related families: A cladistic investigation based on morphological and molecular characters. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 151: 453-494.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P., & Miller, A. G. 2004. Floral development and anatomy of Dirachma socotrana (Dirachmaceae): A controversial member of the Rosales. Plant Syst. Evol. 249: 111-127.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P., & Smets, E. F. 1987. The distribution and systematic relevance of the androecial characters oligomery and polymery in the Magnoliophytina. Nordic J. Bot. 7: 239-253.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P., & Smets, E. F. 1990a. The systematic relationship between Begoniaceae and Papaveraceae: A comparative study of their floral development. Bull. Jard. Bot. National Belgique 60: 229-272.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P., & Smets, E. F. 1990b. the floral development of Popowia whitei (Annonaceae). Nordic J. Bot. 10: 411-420. [see also Nordic J. Bot. 11: 420. 1991.]

Ronse Decraene, L.-P., & Smets, E. F. 1991a. Morphological studies in Zygophyllaceae. I. The floral development and vascular anatomy of Nitraria retusa. American J. Bot. 78: 1438-1448.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P., & Smets, E. F. 1991b. The impact of receptacular growth on polyandry in the Myrtales. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 105: 257-269.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P., & Smets, E. F. 1991c. The floral nectaries of Polygonum s.l. and related genera (Persicarieae and Polygoneae): Position, morphological nature and semophylesis. Flora 185: 165-185.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P., & Smets, E. F. 1991d. The floral ontogeny of some members of the Phytolaccaceae (subfamily Rivinoideae) with a discussion of the evolution of the androecium in the Rivinoideae. Biol. Jaarb. Dodonaea 59: 77-99.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P., & Smets, E. F. 1991e. Androecium and floral nectaries of Harungana madagascariensis (Clusiaceae). Plant Syst. Evol. 178: 179-194.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P., & Smets, E. F. 1992a. An updated interpretation of the androecium of the Fumariaceae. Canadian J. Bot. 70: 1765-1776.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P., & Smets, E. F. 1992b. Complex polyandry in the Magnoliatae, definition, distribution and systematic value. Nordic J. Bot. 12: 621-649.

Ronse Decraene, L. P., & Smets, E. F. 1993a. Dédoublement revisited: Towards a renewed interpretation of the androecium of the Magnoliophytina. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 113: 103-124.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P., & Smets, E. 1993b. The distribution and systematic relevance of the androecial character polymery. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 113: 285-350.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P., & Smets, E. 1995a. The androecium of monocotyledons. Pp. 143-254, in Rudall, P. J., Cribb, P. J., Cutler, D. F., & Humphries, C. J. (eds), Monocotyledons: Systematics and Evolution. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P., & Smets, E. 1995b. Evolution of the androecium in the Ranunculiflorae. Pp. 63-70, in Jensen, U., & Kadereit, J. W. (eds.), Systematics and Evolution of the Ranunculiflorae. Springer, Vienna. [Plant Syst. Evol. Suppl. 9.]

Ronse Decraene, L.-P., & Smets, E. 1995c. The distribution and systematic relevance of the androecial character oligomery. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 118: 193-247.

Ronse Decraene, L. P., & Smets, E. 1995d. The floral development of Neurada procumbens L. (Neuradaceae). Acta Bot. Neerlandica 44: 439-451. [Reprinted with better illustrations - Acta Bot. Neerlandica 45: 229-241. 1996.]

Ronse Decraene, L.-P., & Smets, E. 1996. The morphological variation and systematic value of stamen pairs in the Magnoliatae. Feddes Repert. 107: 1-17.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P., & Smets, E. 1997a. A floral ontogenetic study of some species of Capparis and Boscia, with special emphasis on the androecium. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. Pflanzenges. Pflanzengeog. 119: 231-255.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P., & Smets, E. 1997b. Evidence for carpel multiplications in the Capparaceae. Belgian J. Bot. 130: 59-67.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P., & Smets, E. 1998a. Notes on the evolution of androecial organisation in the Magnoliophytina (angiosperms). Bot. Acta 111: 77-86.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P., & Smets, E. 1998b. The floral development and anatomy of Carica papaya (Caricaceae). Canadian J. Bot. 77: 583-598.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P., & Smets, E. 1998c. Meristic changes in gynoecium morphology, exemplified by floral ontogeny and anatomy. Pp. 85-112, in Owens, S. J., & Rudall, P. J. (eds), Reproductive Biology in Systematics, Conservation and Economic Botany. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P., & Smets, E. 1999. Similarities in floral ontogeny and anatomy between the genera Francoa (Francoaceae) and Greyia (Greyiaceae). Internat. J. Plant Sci. 160: 377-393.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P., & Smets, E. 2000. Floral development of Galopina tomentosa with a discussion of sympetaly and placentation in the Rubiaceae. Syst. Geog. Plants 70: 155-170.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P., & Smets, E. 2001a. Floral developmental evidence for the systematic relationships of Tropaeolum (Tropaeolaceae). Ann. Bot. 88: 879-892.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P., & Smets, E. 2001b. Staminodes: Their morphological and evolutionary significance. Bot. Review 67: 351-402.

Ronse De Craene, L.-P., & Stuppy, W. 2010. Floral development and anatomy of Aextoxicon punctatum (Aextoxicaceae-Berberidopsidales): An enigmatic tree at the base of core eudicots. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 171: 244-257.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P., & Wanntorp, L. 2006. Evolution of floral characters in Gunnera (Gunneraceae). Syst. Bot. 31: 671-688.

Ronse De Craene, L.-P., & Wanntorp, L. 2008. Morphology and anatomy of the flower of Meliosma (Sabiaceae): Implications for pollination biology. Plant Syst. Evol. 271: 79-91.

Ronse De Craene, L.-P., & Wanntorp, L. 2009. Floral development and anatomy of Salvadoraceae. Ann. Bot. 104: 913-923.

Ronse de Craene, L.-P., & Wei, L. 2019. Floral development and anatomy of Macarthuria australis (Macarthuriaceae): Key to understanding the unusual initiation sequence of Caryophyllales. Australian Syst. Bot. 32: 49-60.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P. [et al. 1993], Clinckemaillie, D., & Smets, E. 1993. Stamen-petal complexes in Magnoliatae. Bull. Jard. Bot. National Belgique 62: 97-112.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P. [et al. 1995], Smets, E., & Clinckemaillie, D. 1995. The floral development and floral anatomy of Coris monspeliensis. Canadian J. Bot. 73: 1687-1698.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P. [et al. 1996], De Laet, J., & Smets, E. F. 1996. Morphological studies in Zygophyllaceae. II. The floral development and vascular anatomy of Peganum harmala. American J. Bot. 83: 201-215.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P. [et al. 1997], Vanvinckenroye, P., & Smets, E. 1997. A study of the floral morphological diversity in Phytolacca (Phytolaccaceae) based on early floral ontogeny. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 158: 57-72.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P. [et al. 1998a], Smets, E. F., & Vanvinckenroye, P. 1998a. Pseudodiplostemony, and its implications for the evolution of the androecium in the Caryophyllaceae. J. Plant Res. 111: 25-43.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P. [et al. 1998b], Smets, E. F., & Vanvinckenroye, P. 1998b. Floral development and anatomy of Moringa oleifera (Moringaceae): What is the evidence for a Capparalean or Sapindalean affinity? Ann. Bot. 82: 273-284.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P. [et al. 1998c], Roels, P., Smets, E. F., & Backlund, A. 1998c. The floral development and floral anatomy of Chrysosplenium alternifolium, an unusual member of the Saxifragaceae. J. Plant Res. 111: 573-580.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P. [et al. 1999], Volgin, S. A., & Smets, E. F. 1999. The floral development of Pleuropetalum darwinii, an anomalous member of the Amaranthaceae. Flora 194: 189-199.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P. [et al. 2000a], Linder, P. H., & Smets, E. F. 2000a. The questionable relationship of Montinia (Montiniaceae): Evidence from a floral ontogenetic and anatomical study. American J. Bot. 87: 1408-1424.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P. [et al. 2000b], Smets, E., & Clinckemaillie, D. 2000b. Floral anatomy and ontogeny in Koelreuteria with special emphasis on monosymmetry and septal cavities. Plant Syst. Evol. 223: 91-107.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P. [et al. 2000c], Hong, S.-P., & Smets, E. 2000c. Systematic significance of fruit morphology and anatomy in tribes Persicarieae and Polygoneae (Polygonaceae). Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 134: 301-337.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P. [et al. 2001a], Smets, E., & Clinckemaillie, D. 2001a. Floral ontogenetic evidence in support of the Willdenowia clade of South African Restionaceae. J. Plant Res. 114: 329-342.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P. [et al. 2001b], Linder, H. P., Dlamini, T., & Smets, E. F. 2001b. Evolution and development of floral diversity of Melanthiaceae, an enigmatic southern African family. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 162: 59-82.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P. [et al. 2002a], Yang, T. Y. A., Schols, P. & Smets, E. F. 2002a. Floral anatomy and systematics of Bretschneidera (Bretschneideraceae). Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 139: 29-45.

Ronse Decraene, L.-P. [et al. 2002b], Linder, H. P., & Smets, E. F. 2002b. Ontogeny and evolution of the flowers of South African Restionaceae with special emphasis on the gynoecium. Plant Syst. Evol. 231: 225-258.

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Ronse De Craene, L. P. [et al. 2015b], Quandt, D., & Wanntorp, L. 2015b. Floral morphology and anatomy of Sabia (Sabiaceae): Structural basis of an advanced pollination system among basal eudicots. Plant Syst. Evol. 301: 1543-1553.

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Silva, K. R. [et al. 2022], Stützel, T., & Oriani, A. 2022. Seed development and its relationship to fruit structure in species of Bromelioideae (Bromeliaceae) with fleshy fruits. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 192: 868-886,

Silva, L. L. [et al. 2017], Santos, R. C. O., & Fernandes, M. E. B. 2017. Linking Avicennia germinans (Acanthaceae) architecture to gall richness and abundance in Brazilian Amazon mangroves. Biotropica 49: 784-791.

Silva, L. R. de O., & Oriani, A. 2022. Ecological and evolutionary aspects of seed coat and seedling development in Juncus tenuis (Juncaceae, Poales). Plant Syst. Evol. 308:31. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-022-01825-z

Silva, L. R. de O. [et al. 2023], Trevisan, R., & Oriani, A. 2023. Understanding the seedling development in sedge species (Cyperaceae, Poales) from micromorphological and anatomical perspectives. Flora 301:152238. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2023.152238

Silva, M. de S. [et alk. 2022], Coutinho, Í. A. C., & Dalvi, V. C. 2022. Anatomical and histochemical characterization of glands associated with the leaf teeth in Raphiolepis loquata B. G. Liu & J. Wen (Rosaceae Juss.). Flora 193:152110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2022.152110

Silva, M. dos S. [et al. 2017a], Coutinho, Í. A. C., Araújo, M. N., & Meira, R. M. S. A. 2017a. Colleters in Chamaecrista (L.) Moench sect. Chamaecrista and sect. Caliciopsis (Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae): Anatomy and taxonomic implications. Acta Bot. Brasilica 31: 382-392.

Silva, M. dos S. [et al. 2017b], Coutinho, Í. A. C., Araújo, M. N., & Meira, R. M. S. A. 2017b. Morphoanatomy of nectaries in Chamaecrista (L.) Moench sections Chamaecrista, Caliciopsis and Xerocalyx (Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae). Acta Bot. Brasilica 31: 445-458.

Silva, M. dos S. [et al. 2020], Funch, L. S., da Silva, L. B., & Cardoso, D. 2021 [= 2020]. A phylogenetic and functional perspective on the origin and evolutionary shifts of growth ring anatomical markers in plants. Biol. Reviews 96: 842-876.

Silva, N. F. [et al. 2018], Arruda, R. do C. de O., Alves, F. M., & Sartori, A. L. B. 2018. Leaflet anatomy of the Dipterygeae clade (Faboideae: Fabaceae): Evolutionary implications and systematics. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 187: 99-117.

Silva, O. L. M. [et al. 2020], Riina, R., & Cordeiro, I. 2020. Phylogeny and biogeography of Astraea with new insights into the evolutionary history of Crotoneae (Euphorbiaceae). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 145:106738. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106738

Silva, P. E. S. [et al. 2019], de Abreu, F. V., Correia, A. I. D., & Godinho, M. H. 2019. Handedness in plant tendrils. Pp. 179-192, in Bahadur, B., Krishamurthy, K. V., Ghose, M., & Adams, S. J. (eds), Asymmetry in Plants: Biology of Handedness. CRC Press, Boca Raton.

Silva, S. C. de M. [et al. 2020], Machado, S. R., Nepi, M., & Rodrigues, T. M. 2020. Structure and function of secretory glochids and nectar composition in two Opuntioideae (Cactaceae) species. Botany 98: 425-437.

Silva, S. R. [et al. 2016], Diaz, Y. C. A., Penha, H. A., Pinheiro, D. G., Fernandes, C. C., Miranda, V. F. O, Michael, T. P., & Varani, A. M. 2016. The chloroplast genome of Utricularia reniformis sheds light on the evolution of the ndh gene complex of terrestrial carnivorous plants from the Lentibulariaceae family. PLoS ONE 11(10):e0165176. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0165176

Silva, S. R. [et al. 2017a], Gibson, R., Adamec, L., Domínguez, Y., & Miranda, V. F. O. 2017a. Molecular phylogeny of bladderworts: A wide approach of Utricularia (Lentibulariaceae) species relationships based on six plastidial and nuclear DNA sequences. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 118: 244-264.

Silva, S. R. [et al. 2017b], Alvarenga, D. O., Aranguren, Y., Penha, H. A., Fernandes, C. C., Pinheiro, D. G., Oliveira, M. T., Michael, T. P., Miranda, V. F. O., & Varani, A. M. 2017b. The mitochondrial genome of the terrestrial carnivorous plant Utricularia reniformis (Lentibulariaceae): Structure, comparative analysis and evolutionary landmarks. PLoS ONE 12(7):e0180484. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0180484

Silva, S. R. [et al. 2018], Michael, T. P., Meer, E. J., & Miranda, V. F. O. 2018. Comparative genomic analysis of Genlisea (corkscrew plants - Lentibulariaceae) chloroplast genomes reveals an increasing loss of the ndh genes. PLoS ONE 13(1):e0190321. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0190321

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Silva, U. C. S. [et al. 2012], Rapini, A., Liede-Schumann, S., Ribeiro, P. L., & van den Berg, C. 2012. Taxonomic considerations on Metastelmatinae (Apocynaceae) based on plastid and nucelar DNA. Syst. Bot. 37: 795-806.

Silva-Brandão, K. L., & Solferini, V. N. 2007. Use of host plants by Troidini butterflies (Papilionidae, Papilioninae): Constraints on host shift. Biol. J. Linnean Soc. 90: 247-261.

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Simard, S. W. [et al. 2012], Beiler, K. J., Bingham, M. A., Deslippe, J. R., Philip, L. J., & Teste, F. P. 2012. Mycorrhizal networks: Mechanisms, ecology, and modeling. Fungal Biol. Reviews 26: 39-60.

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Simmonds, S. E. [et al. 2021], Smith, J. F., Davidson, C., & Buerki, S. 2021. Phylogenetics and comparative plastome genomics of two of the largest genera of angiosperms, Piper and Peperomia (Piperaceae). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 163.1072. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107229

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Simmons, M. P. 2017 [= 2016]. Mutually exclusive phylogenomic inferences at the root of the angiosperms: Amborella is supported as sister and Observed Variability is biased. Cladistics 33: 488-512.

Simmons, M. P., & Gatesy, J. 2015. Coalescence vs. concatenation: Sophisticated analyses vs. first principles applied to rooting the angiosperms. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 91: 98-122.

Simmons, M. P., & Hedin, J. P. 1999. Relationships and morphological character change among genera of Celastraceae sensu lato (including Hippocrateaceae). Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 86: 723-757.

Simmons, M. P. [et al. 2000], Savolainen,V., Clevinger, C. C., Archer, R. H., & Davis, J. I. 2000. Phylogeny of the Celastraceae inferred from morphology and nuclear and plastid loci. American J. Bot. 87(6, suppl.): 156.

Simmons, M. P. [et al. 2001a], Clevinger, C. C., Savolainen, V., Archer, R. H., Mathews, S., & Doyle, J. J. 2001a. Phylogeny of the Celastraceae inferred from phytochrome B gene sequence and morphology. American J. Bot. 88: 313-325.

Simmons, M. P. [et al. 2001b], Savolainen, V., Clevinger, C. C., Archer, R. H., & Davis, J. I. 2001b. Phylogeny of the Celastraceae inferred from 26S nuclear ribosomal DNA, phytochrome B, rbcl, atpB, and morphology. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 19: 353-366.

Simmons, M. P. [et al. 2008], Cappa, J. J., Archer, R. H., Ford, A. J., Eichstedt, D., & Clevinger, C. C. 2008. Phylogeny of the Celastreae (Celastraceae) and the relationships of Catha edulis (qat) inferred from morphological characters and nuclear and plastid genes. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 48: 745-757.

Simmons, M. P. [et al. 2009a], Coughenour, J. M., Lombardi, J. A., & Cappa, J. J. 2009a. Phylogeny of Celastraceae subfamily Salacioideae and tribe Lophopetaleae inferred from morphological characters and nuclear and plastid genes. P. 158, in Botany and Mycology 2009. Snowbird, Utah July 25-29. Abstract Book.

Simmons, M. P. [et al. 2009b], Coughenour, J. M., Lombardi, J. A., Yakobsen, K., & Archer, R. H. 2009b. Phylogeny of Celastraceae subfamily Hippocrateoideae inferred from morphological characters and nuclear and plastid genes. P. 164, in Botany and Mycology 2009. Snowbird, Utah July 25-29. Abstract Book.

Simmons, M. P. [et al. 2012a], McKenna, M. J., Bacon, C. D., Yakobsen, K., Cappa, J. J., Archer, R. H., & Ford, A. J. 2012a. Phylogeny of Celastraceae tribe Euonymeae inferred from morphological characters and nuclear and plastid genes. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 62: 9-20.

Simmons, M. P. [et al. 2012b], Bacon, C. D., Cappa, J. J., & McKenna, M. J. 2012b. Phylogeny of Celastraceae subfamilies Cassinoideae and Tripterygioideae inferred from morphological characters and nuclear and plastid loci. Syst. Bot. 37: 456-467.

Simmons, M. P. [et al. 2022], Maurin, O., Bailey, P., Brewer, G. E., Roy, S., Lombardi, J. A., Forest, F., & Baker, W. J. 2022. Benefits of alignment quality-control processing steps and an Angiosperms353 phylogenomics pipeline applied to the Celastrales. Cladistics 38: 595-611.

Simmons, M. P. [et al. 2023], Lombardi, J. A., & Biral, L. 2023. Classification of the Celastrales based on integration of genomic, morphological, and Sanger-sequence characters. Syst. Bot. 43: 288-299.

Simmons, S. L. 2002. A Molecular Phylogenetic Investigation of the Staphyleaceae (DC.) Lindl.: With Implications for its Taxonomy and Biogeography. Ph. D. Thesis, University of Texas at Austin.

Simmons, S. L. 2006. Staphyleaceae. Pp. 440-445, in Kubitzki, K. (ed.), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. Volume IX. Flowering Plants: Eudicots: Berberidopsidales, Buxales, Crossosomatales.... Springer, Berlin.

Simmons, S. L., & Panero, J. L. 2000. Phylogeny and biogeography of Staphyleaceae (DC.) Lindl. American J. Bot. 87(6, suppl.): 157.

Simo-Droissart, M. [et al. 2018], Plunkett, G. M., Droissart, V., Edwards, M. B., Farminhão, J. N. M., Jecmenica, V., D'haijère, T., Lowry, P. P. II, Sonké, B., Micheneau, C., Carlsward, B. S., Azandi, L., Verlynde, S., Hardy, O. J., Martos, F., Bytebier, B., Fischer, E., & Stévart, T. 2018. New phylogenetic insights toward developing a natural generic classification of African angraecoid orchids (Vandeae, Orchidaceae). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 126: 241-249.

Simões, A. O. [et al. 2004], Endress, M., van der Niet, T., Kinoshita, L. S., & Conti, E. 2004. Tribal and intergeneric relationships of Mesechiteae (Apocynaceae, Apocynoideae): Evidence from three non-coding plastid DNA regions and morphology. American J. Bot. 91: 1409-1418.

Simões, A. O. [et al. 2006a], Endress, M., Quast, M. P., & Conti, E. 2006a. Molecular phylogenetics and character evolution of Tabernaemontaneae, a pantropical tribe of Apocynaceae. P. 256, in Botany 2006 - Looking to the Future - Conserving the Past. [Abstracts: Botanical Society of America, etc.]

Simões, A. O. [et al. 2006b], Endress, M., van der Niet, T., Kinoshita, L. S., & Conti, E. 2006b. Is Mandevillia (Apocynaceae, Mesechiteae) monophyletic? Evidence from five plastid DNA loci and morphology. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 93: 565-591.

Simões, A. O. [et al. 2007a], Livshultz, T., Conti, E., & Endress, M. E. 2007. Phylogeny and systematics of the Rauvolfioideae (Apocynaceae) based on molecular and morphological evidence. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 94: 268-297.

Simões, A. O. [et al. 2007b], Scatolin do Rio, M. C., de Moraes Castro, M., & Kinoshita, L. S. 2007b. Gynostegium morphology of Mesechiteae Miers (Apocynaceae, Apocynoideae) as it pertains to the classification of the tribe. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 168: 999-1012.

Simões, A. O. [et al. 2010], Endress, M., & Conti, E. 2010. Systematics and character evolution of Tabernaemontaneae (Apocynaceae, Rauvolfioideae) based on molecular and morphological evidence. Taxon 59: 772-790. [See also Erratum in Taxon 60: 615. 2011.]

Simões, A. O. [et al. 2016], Kinoshita, L. S., Koch, I., Silva, M. J., & Endress, M. E. 2016. Systematics and character evolution of Vinceae (Apocynaceae). Taxon 65: 99-122.

Simões, A. R., & Staples, G. 2017. Dissolution of Convolvulaceae tribe Merremieae and a new classification of the constituent genera. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 183: 561-586.

Simões, A. R. [et al. 2015], Culham, A., & Carine, M. 2015. Resolving the unresolved tribe: A molecular phylogenetic framework for the Merremieae (Convolvulaceae). Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 179: 374-387.

Simões, A. R. G. [et al. 2019], Furness, C. A., & da Luz, C. F. P. 2019. The systematic value of pollen morphology in Operculina (Convolvulaceae). Grana 58: 1-13.

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Simon, A. [et al. 2006], Glöckner, G., Felder, M., Melkonian, M., & Becker, B. 2006. EST analysis of the scaly green flagellate Mesostigma viride (Streptophyta): Implications for the evolution of green plants (Viridiplantae). BMC Plant Biol. 6(1):2. doi: 10.1186/1471-2229-6-2

Simon, B. K. 2007. GrassWorld - interactive key and identification system of world grasses. Kew Bull. 62: 475-484.

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Simon, M. F. 2008. Systematics and Evolution of Mimosa L. (Leguminosae) and the Assembly of a Neotropical Plant Diversity Hotspot. Ph. D. Thesis, University of Oxford.

Simon, M. F., & Pennington, T. 2012. Evidence for adaptation to fire regimes in the tropical savannas of the Brazilian Cerrado. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 173: 711-723.

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Simon, M. F. [et al. 2011], Grether, R., de Queiroz, L. P., Särkinen, T. E., Dutra, V. F., & Hughes, C. E. 2011. The evolutionary history of Mimosa (Leguminosae): Toward a phylogeny of the sensitive plants. American J. Bot. 98: 1201-1221.

Simon, M. F. [et al. 2015], Pastore, J. F. B., Souza, A. F., Borges, L. M., Scalon, V. R., Ribeiro, P. G., Santos-Silva, J., Souza, V. C., & Queiroz, L. P. 2016 [= 2015]. Molecular phylogeny of Stryphnodendron (Mimosoideae, Leguminosae) and generic delimitations in the Piptadenia group. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 1777: 44-59.

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Simon, R. [et al. 2019], Matt, F., Santillan, V., Tschapka, M., Tuttle, M., & Halfwerk, W. 2019. An ultrasound absorbing inflorescence zone enhances echo-acoustic contrast of bat-pollinated cactus flowers. bioRχiv doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2019.12.28.890046

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Simonsen, T. J. 2008. Phylogeny of the cactus-feeding phycitines and their relatives (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) based on adult morphology: Evaluation of adult character-systems in phycitine systematic and evidence for a single origin of Cactaceae-feeding larvae. Insect Syst. Evol. 39: 303-325.

Simonsen, T. J. [et al. 2011], Zakharov, E. V., Djernaes, M., Cotton, A. M., Vane-Wright, R. I., & Sperling, F. A. H. 2011. Phylogenetics and divergence times of Papilioninae (Lepidoptera) with special reference to the enigmatic genera Teinopalpus and Meandrusa. Cladistics 27: 113-137.

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Simpson, B. B. 2009. Economic importance of Compositae. pp. 45-58, in Funk, V. A., Susanna, A., Stuessy, T. F. & Bayer, R. J. (eds), Systematics, Evolution, and Biogeography of Compositae. I.A.P.T.

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Simpson, B. B. [et al. 1990], Neff, J. L., & Dieringer, G. 1990. The production of floral oils by Monttea (Scrophulariaceae) and the function of tarsal pads in Centris bees. Plant Syst. Evol. 173: 209-222.

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Simpson, D. A. 1995. Relationships within Cyperales. Pp. 497-509, in Rudall, P. J., Cribb, P. J., Cutler, D. F., & Humphries, C. J. (eds), Monocotyledons: Systematics and Evolution. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Simpson, D. A. [et al. 2003], Furness, C. A., Hodkinson, T. R., Muasya, A. M., & Chase, M. W. 2003. Phylogenetic relationships in Cyperaceae subfamily Mapanioideae inferred from pollen and plastid DNA sequence data. American J. Bot. 90: 1071-1086.

Simpson, D. A. [et al. 2008], Muasya, A. M., Alves, M. V., Bruhl, J. J., Dhooge, S., Chase, M. W., Furness, C. A., Ghamkhar, K., Goetghebeur, P., Hodkinson, T. R., Marchant, A. D., Reznicek, A. A., Nieuwborg, R., Roalson, E. H., Smets, E., Starr, J. R., Thomas, W. W., Wilson, K. L., & Zhang, X. 2007 [= 2008]. Phylogeny of Cyperaceae based on DNA sequence data - a new rbcL analysis. Pp. 72-83, in Columbus, J. T., Friar, E. A., Porter, J. M., Prince, L. M., & Simpson, M. G. (eds), Monocots: Comparative Biology and Evolution. Poales. Rancho Santa Ana Botanical Garden, Claremont, CA. [Aliso 23: 72-83.]

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Simpson, M. G. 1985. Pollen ultrastructure of the Tecophilaeaceae. Grana 24: 77-92.

Simpson, M. G. 1988. Embryological development of Lachnanthes caroliniana (Haemodoraceae). American J. Bot. 75: 1394-1408.

Simpson, M. G. 1987. Pollen utrastructure of the Pontederiaceae; Evidence for exine homology with the Haemodoraceae. Grana 26: 113-126.

Simpson, M. G. 1990. Phylogeny and classification of the Haemodoraceae. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 77: 722-784.

Simpson, M. G. 1993. Septal nectary anatomy and phylogeny of the Haemodoraceae. Syst. Bot. 18: 593-613.

Simpson, M. G. 1998a. Reversal in ovary position from inferior to superior in the Haemodoraceae: Evidence from floral ontogeny. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 159: 466-479.

Simpson, M. G. 1998b. Haemodoraceae. Pp. 212-222, in Kubitzki, K. (ed.), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. IV. Flowering Plants: Monocotyledons. Alismatanae and Commelinanae (except Gramineae). Springer, Berlin.

Simpson, M. G. 2019. Plant Systematics. Ed. 3. Elsevier, Amsterdam.

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Simpson, M. G., & Hasenstab, K. E. 2009. Cryptantha of southern California. Crossosoma 35: 1-59.

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Simpson, M. G. [et al. 2017a], Johnson, L. A., Villaverde, T., & Guilliams, C. M. 2017a. American amphitropical disjuncts: Perspectives from vascular plant analyses and prospects for future research. American J. Bot. 104: 1600-1650.

Simpson, M. G. [et al. 2017b], Guilliams, C. M., Hasenstab-Lehman, K. E., Mabry, M. E., & Ripma, L. 2017b. Phylogeny of the popcorn flowers: Use of genome skimming to evaluate monophyly and interrelationshps in subtribe Amsinkiinae (Boraginaceae). Taxon 66: 1406-1420.

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Smedmark, J. E. E. [et al. 2014], Razafimandimbison, S. G., Wikström, N., & Bremer, B. 2014. Inferring geographic range evolution of a pantropical tribe in the coffee family (Lasiantheae, Rubiaceae) in the face of topological uncertainty. Molec. Phyl. Evol. 70: 182-194.

Smets, E. F. 1986. Localization and systematic importance of the floral nectaries in the Magnoliatae (dicotyledons). Bull. Jard. Bot. National Belgique 56: 51-76.

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SMI CMLR Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation. Global Hyperaccumulator Database. http://hyperaccumulators.smi.uq.edu.au/collection

Smidt, E. de C. [et al. 2011], Borba, E. L., Gravendeel, B., Fischer, G. A., & van den Berg, C. 2011. Molecular phylogeny of Neotropical sections of Bulbophyllum (Orchidaceae) using nuclear and plastid spacers. Taxon 60: 1050-1064.

Smidt, E. C. [et al. 2013], Gallo, L. W., & Scatena, V. L. 2013. Leaf anatomical and molecular studies in Bulbophyllum section Micrantheae (Orchidaceae) and their implications for systematics. Brazilian J. Bot. 36: 75-82.

Smidt, E. C. [et al. 2021], Salazar, G. A., Mauad, A. V. S. R., Engels, M. E., Viruel, J., Clements, M., Pérez, I. J., & Chase, M. W. 2021. An Indomalesian origin in the Miocene for the diphyletic New World jewel orchids (Goodyerinae, Orchidoideae): Molecular dating and biogeographic analyses document non-monophyly of the Neotropical genera. Bot. J. Linnean Soc. 197: 322–349.

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Smissen, R. D. [et al. 2020], Bayer, R. J., Bergh, N. G., Breitwieser, I.. Freire, S., Galbany-Casals, M., Schmidt-Lebuhn, A. N., & Ward, J. M. 2020. A revised subtribal classification of Gnaphalieae (Asteraceae). Taxon69: 778-806.

Smith, A. R. [et al. 2006], Pryer, K. M., Schuettpelz, E., Korall, P., Schneider, H., & Wolf, P. G. 2006. A classification of extant ferns. Taxon 55: 705-732.

Smith, A. R. [et al. 2008], Pryer, K. M., Schuettpelz, E., Korall, P., Schneider, H., & Wolf, P. G. 2008. Fern classification. Pp. 417-467, in Ranker, T. A., & Haufler, C. H. (eds), Biology and Evolution of Ferns and Lycophytes. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Smith, B. G., & Harris, P. J. 1999. The polysaccharide composition of Poales cell walls: Poaceae cell walls are not unique. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 27: 33-53.

Smith, B. T. [et al. 2012], Bryson, R. W., Houston, D., & Klicka, J. 2012. An asymmetry in niche conservatism contributes to the latitudinal species diversity gradient in New World vertebrates. Ecol. Lett. 15: 1318-1325.

Smith, C. I. [et al. 2008], Pellmyr, O., Althoff, D. M., Balcázar-Lara, M., Leebens-Mack, J., & Seagraves, K. A. 2008. Pattern and timing of diversification in Yucca (Agavaceae): Specialized pollination does not escalate rates of diversification. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 275: 249-258.

Smith, C. I. [et al. 2021], McKain, M. R., Guimond, A., & Flatz, R. 2021. Genome-scale data resolves the timing of divergence in Joshua trees. American J. Botany 108: 647-663.

Smith, C. O. 1942. Crown gall on species of Taxaceae, Taxodiaceae and Pinaceae, as determined by artificial inoculations. Phytopath. 32: 1005-1009.

Smith, D. L. 1981. Cotyledons of the Leguminosae. Pp. 927-940, in Polhill, R. M., & Raven, P. H. (eds), Advances in Legume Systematics. Vol. 2. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Smith, D. L., & Faulkner, J. S. 1976. The inflorescence of Carex and related genera. Bot. Review 42: 53-81.

Smith, D. M., & Marcot, J. D. 2015. The fossil record and macroevolutionary history of the beetles. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 282:20150060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.0060

Smith, D. R. 2009. Unparalleled GC content in the plastid DNA of Selaginella. Plant Molec. Biol. 71: 627-639.

Smith, D. R. 2014. Mitochondrion-to-plastid DNA transfer: It happens. New Phytol. 202: 736-738.

Smith, D. R. 2020. Unparalleled variation in RNA editing among Selaginella plastomes. Plant Physiol. 182: 12-14.

Smith, E. C., & Griffiths, H. 1996. A pyrenoid-based carbon-concentrating mechanism is present in terrestrial bryophytes of the class Anthocerotae. Planta 200: 203-212. doi: 10.1007/BF00208310

Smith, F. A., & Smith, S. E. 1996. Mutualism and parasitism: Diversity in function and structure in the "Arbuscular" (VA) mycorrhizal symbiosis. Adv. Bot. Res. 22: 1-43.

Smith, F. A., & Smith, S. E. 1997. Structural diversity in (vesicular)-arbuscular mycorrhizal symbioses. New Phytol. 137: 373-388.

Smith, F. H., & Smith, E. C. 1942. Anatomy of the inferior ovary of Darbya. American J. Bot. 29: 464-471.

Smith, F. H., & Smith, E. C. 1943. Floral Anatomy of the Santalaceae and Related Forms. Oregon State College, Corvallis, OR. [Oregon State Monographs, Studies in Botany, 5.]

Smith, G. F., & Figueiredo, E. 2018. The infrageneric classification and nomenclature of Kalanchoe Adans. (Crassulaceae), with special reference to the southern African species. Bradleya 36: 162-172.

Smith, G. F., & Figueiredo, E. 2020. Asphodelaceae. Pp. 475-481(-832), in Eggli, U., & Nyffeler, R. (eds), Monocotyledons. Volume 1: Families Agavaceae to Asphodelaceae. Ed. 2. Springer, Berlin.

Smith, G. F., & Figueiredo, E. 2023. Zygophyllaceae. Pp. 1127-1144 [vol. 2], in Eggli, U., & Nyffeler, R. (eds), Illustrated Handbook of Succulent Plants. Dicotyledons: Rosids. Ed. 2, 2 vols. Springer Nature, Switzerland.

Smith, G. F., & Steyn, E. M. A. 2004. Taxonomy of Aloaceae. Pp. 15-36, in Reynolds, T. (ed.). 2004. Aloes, the Genus Aloe. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.

Smith, G. F., & van Wyk, B.-E. 1991. Generic relationships in the Alooidae (Asphodelaceae). Taxon 40: 557-581.

Smith, G. F., & van Wyk, B.-E. 1992. Systematic leaf anatomy of selected genera of southern African Alooidae (Asphodelaceae). South African J. Bot. 58: 349-357.

Smith, G. F., & van Wyk, B.-E. 1998. Asphodelaceae. Pp. 130-140, in Kubitzki, K. (ed.), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. III. Flowering Plants: Monocotyledons. Lilianae (except Orchidaceae). Springer, Berlin.

Smith, G. F. [et al. 2016], Figueiredo, E., & Moore, G. 2016. Increasing nomenclatural stability by preventing the introduction of long-forgotten names that will compete with ones in use: A solution must be found, and soon. Taxon 65: 1385-1390.

Smith, G. H. 1928. Vascular anatomy of ranalian flowers II. Ranunculaceae (continued), Menispermaceae, Calycanthaceae, Annonaceae. Bot. Gaz. 85: 152-177.

Smith, J. A. C., & Winter, K. 1996. Taxonomic distribution of crassulacean acid metabolism. Pp. 427-436, in Winter, K., & Smith, J. A. C. (eds), Crassulacean Acid Metabolism. Springer, Berlin.

Smith, J. A. C. [et al. 1986], Griffiths, H., Lüttge, U., Crook, C. E., Griffiths, N. M., & Stimmel, K.-H. 1986. Comparative ecophysiology of CAM and C3 bromeliads. IV. Plant water relations. Plant Cell. Environm. 9: 395-410.

Smith, J. A. C. [et al. 2005], Crayn, D. M., & Winter, K. 2005. Evolution of epiphytism and crassulacean acid metabolism in Bromeliaceae in relation to changing environments and palaeoclimates. Pp. 121-122, in XVII International Botanical Congress, Vienna, Austria, Europe. [Abstracts.]

Smith, J. F. 1996 [= 1997.] Tribal relationships within Gesneriaceae: A cladistic analysis of morphological data. Syst. Bot. 21: 497-513.

Smith, J. F. 2001. The phylogenetic relationships of Lembocarpus and Goyazia (Gesneriaceae) based on ndhF sequences. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 88: 135-143.

Smith, J. F., & Clark, J. L. 2013. Molecular phylogenetic analyses reveal undiscovered monospecific genera in the tribe Episcieae (Gesneriaceae). Syst. Bot 38: 451-463. http://dx.doi.org/10.1600/036364413X666723

Smith, J. F. [et al. 1997a], Brown, K. D., Carroll, C. L., & Denton, D. S. 1997a. Familial placement of Cyrtandromoea, Titanotrichum, and Sanango, three problematic genera of the Lamiales. Taxon 46: 65-74.

Smith, J. F. [et al. 1997b], Wolfram, J. C., Brown, K. D., Carroll, C. L., & Denton, D. S. 1997b. Tribal relationships in the Gesneriaceae: Evidence from DNA sequences of the chloroplast gene ndhF. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 84: 50-66.

Smith, J. F. [et al. 2004a], Hileman, L. C., Powell, M. P., & Baum, D. A. 2004a. Evolution of GCYC, a Gesneriaceae homolog of CYCLOIDEA, within Gesnerioideae (Gesneriaceae). Molec. Phyl. Evol. 31: 765-779.

Smith, J. F. [et al. 2004b], Draper, S. B., Hileman, L. C., & Baum, D. A. 2004b. A phylogenetic analysis within tribes Gloxinieae and Gesnerieae (Gesnerioideae: Gesneriaceae). Syst. Bot. 29: 947-958.

Smith, J. F. [et al. 2005], Stevens, A. C., & Davidson, C. 2005. A phylogenetic analysis of Piperaceae focusing on its major geographic centers of diversification and placement of African species. P. 144, in Botany 2005. Learning from Plants. [Abstracts: Botanical Society of America, etc.]

Smith, J. F. [et al. 2006], Funke, M. M., & Woo, V. L. 2006. A duplication of gcyc predates divergence within tribe Coronanthereae (Gesneriaceae): Phylogenetic analysis and evolution. Plant Syst. Evol. 261: 245-256.

Smith, J. F. [et al. 2008], Tepe, E. J., Stevens, A. C., & Davidson, C. 2008. Placing the origin of two species-rich genera in the late Cretaceous with later species divergence in the Tertiary: A phylogenetic, biogeographic and molecular dating analysis of Piper and Peperomia (Piperaceae). Plant Syst. Evol. 275: 9-30.

Smith, J. F. [et al. 2013], Ooi, M. T., Schulte, L., Amaya-Márquez, M., Pritchard, R., & Clark, J. L. 2013. Searching for monophyly in the subgeneric classification systems of Columnea (Gesneriaceae). Selbyana 31: 126-142.

Smith, J. R. [et al. 2017], Queenborough, S. A., Alvia, P., Romero-Saltos, H., & Valencia, R. 2017. No strong evidence for increasing liana abundance in the Myristicaceae of a Neotropical aseasonal rain forest. Ecology 98: 456-466.

Smith, L. B., & Ayensu, E. S. 1976. A revision of American Velloziaceae. Smithsonian Cont. Bot. 30: 1-173.

Smith, L. B., & Downs, R. J. 1974. Flora Neotropica. Monograph No. 14 (Pitcairnioideae) (Bromeliaceae). Hafner Press, New York.

Smith, L. B., & Downs, R. J. 1977. Flora Neotropica. Monograph No. 14, Part 2 (Tillandsioideae) (Bromeliaceae). Hafner Press, New York.

Smith, L. B., & Downs, R. J. 1979. Flora Neotropica. Monograph No. 14, Part 3 (Bromelioideae) (Bromeliaceae). New York Botanical Garden, New York.

Smith, L. B., & Schubert, B. G. 1958. Flora of Panama. Part VII. Fascicle 1. Begoniaceae. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45: 41-67.

Smith, L. B., & Till, W. 1998. Bromeliaceae. Pp. 74-99 in Kubitzki, K. (ed.), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. IV. Flowering Plants: Monocotyledons. Alismatanae and Commelinanae (except Gramineae). Springer, Berlin.

Smith, L. B. [et al. 1986], Wasshausen, D. C., Golding, J., & Karegeannes, C. 1986. Begoniaceae, part I: Illustrated key, Part II: Annotated species list. Smithsonian Contrib. Bot. 60: 1-584.

Smith, L. T. [et al. 2022], Magdalena, C., Przelomska, N. A. S., Pérez-Escobar, O. A., Melgar-Gómez, D. G., Beck, S., Negrão, R., Mian, S., Leitch, I. J., Dodsworth, S., Maurin, O., Ribero-Guardia, G., Salazar, C. D., Gutierrez-Sibauty, G., Antonelli, A., & Monro, A. K. 2022. Revised species delimitation in the giant water lily genus Victoria (Nymphaeaceae) confirms a new species and has implications for its conservation. Front. Plant Sci. 13:883151. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.883151

Smith, M. A. [et al. 2008], Rodriguez, J. J., Whitfield, J. B., Deans, A. R., Janzen, D. H., Hallwachs, W., & Hebert, P. D. N. 2008. Extreme diversity of tropical parasitoid wasps exposed by iterative integration of natural history, DNA barcoding, morphology, and collections. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 105: 12359-12364.

Smith, M. D., & Knapp, A. N. 2003. Dominant species maintain ecosystem function with non-random species loss. Ecol. Letters 6: 599-617.

Smith, M. E., & Pfister, D. H. 2009. Tuberculate ectomycorrhizae of angiosperms: The interaction between Boletus rubropunctus (Boletaceae) and Quercus species (Fagaceae) in the United States and Mexico. American J. Bot. 96: 1665-1675.

Smith, M. E. [et al. 2011], Henkel, T. W., Aime, M. C., Fremier, A. K., & Vilgalys, R. 2011. Ectomycorrhizal fungal diversity and community structure on three co-occurring leguminous canopy tree species in a Neotropical rainforest. New Phytol. 192: 699-712.

Smith, M. E. [et al. 2013], Henkel, T. W., Uehling, J. K., Fremier, A. K., Clarke, H. D., & Vilgalys, R. 2013. The ectomycorrhizal fungal community in a Neotropical forest dominated by the endemic dipterocarp Pakaraimea dipterocarpacea. PLoS ONE 8(1):e55160. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0055160

Smith, N. [et al. 2004], Mori, S. A., Henderson, A., Stevenson, D. W., & Heald, S. V. 2004 (eds). Flowering Plants of the Neotropics. Princeton University Press, Princeton.

Smith, P. M. 1976. The Chemotaxonomy of Plants. Arnold, London.

Smith, R. A., & DePamphilis, C. W. 1998. Phylogenetic placement of the holoparasistic family Lennoaceae: Preliminary molecular evidence. American J. Bot. 65(6): 157.

Smith, R. A. [et al. 2000], Ferguson, D. M., Barkman, T. J., & Depamphilis, C. W. 2000. Molecular phylogenetic evidence for the origin of Lennoaceae: A case of adelphoparasitism in the angiosperms? American J. Bot. 87 (supplement): 158.

Smith, R. M. 1985. A review of Bornean Zingiberaceae: 1 (Alpineae p.p.). Notes Royal Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 42: 261-314.

Smith, R. S. [et al. 2006], Gyomarc'h, S., Mandel, T., Reinhardt, D., Kuhlemeier, C., & Prusinkiewicz, P. 2006. A plausible model of phyllotaxis. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 103: 1301-1306.

Smith, R. Y. [et al. 2012], Basinger, J. F., & Greenwood, D. R. 2012. Early Eocene plant diversity and dynamics in the Falkland flora, Okanagan Highlands, British Columbia, Canada. Palaeobiol. Palaeoenv. 92: 309-328.

Smith, S., & Stewart, G. R. 1990. Effect of potassium levels on the stomatal behavior of the hemi-parasite Striga hermonthica. Plant Physiol. 94: 1472-1476.

Smith, S. A. 2009. Taking into account phylogenetic and divergence-time uncertainty in a parametric biogeographical analysis of a Northern Hemisphere plant clade Caprifolieae. J. Biogeog. 36: 2324-2337.

Smith, S. A., & Beaulieu, J. M. 2009. Life history influences rates of climatic niche evolution in flowering plants. Proc. Royal Soc. B, 276: 4345-4352.

Smith, S. A., & Brown, J. W. 2018. Constructing a broadly inclusive seed plant phylogeny. American J. Bot. 105: . doi: 10.1002/ajb2.1019

Smith, S. A., & Donoghue, M. J. 2008. Rates of molecular evolution are linked to life history in flowering plants. Science 322: 86-89.

Smith, S. A. [et al. 2010], Beaulieu, J. M., & Donoghue, M. J. 2010. An uncorrelated relaxed-clock analysis suggests an earlier origin for flowering plants. Proc. National Acad. Sci. 107: 5897-5902.

Smith, S. A. [et al. 2011], Beaulieu, J. M., Stamatkis, A., & Donoghue, M. J. 2011. Understanding angiosperm diversification using small and large phylogenetic trees. American J. Bot. 98: 404-414.

Smith, S. A. [et al. 2013], Brown, J. W., & Hinchliff, C. E. 2013. Analyzing and synthesizing phylogenies using tree alignment graphs. PLOS Comput. Biol. 9(9):e1003223. doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003223

Smith, S. A. [et al. 2015], Moore, M. J., Brown, J. W., & Y. Yang, Y. 2015. Analysis of phylogenomic datasets reveals conflict, concordance, and gene duplications with examples from animals and plants. BMC Evol. Biol. 15:150. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-015-0423-0

Smith, S. A. [et al. 2017], Brown, J. W., Yang, Y., Bruenn, R., Drummond, C. P., Brockington, S. F., Walker, J. F., Last, N., Douglas, N. A., & Moore, M. J. 2018 [= 2017]. Disparity, diversity, and duplications in the Caryophyllales. New Phytol. 217: 836–854. doi:10.1111/nph.14772

Smith, S. A. [et al. 2019], Walker-Hale, N., Walker, J. F., & Brown, J. W. 2020 [= 2019]. Phylogenetic conflicts, combinability, and deep phylogenomics in plants. Syst. Biol. 69: 579-592.

Smith, S. D. [Stacey], & Baum, D. A. 2006. Phylogenetics of the florally diverse Andean clade Iochrominae (Solanaceae). American J. Bot. 93: 1140-1153.

Smith, S. D., & Kriebel, R. 2018. Convergent evolution of floral shape tied to pollinator shifts in Iochrominae (Solanaceae). Evolution 72: 688-697.

Smith, S. D. [et al. 2009], Ané, C., & Baum, D. A. 2009. Macroevolutionary tests of pollination syndromes: A reply to Fenster et al. Evolution 63: 2763-2767.

Smith, S. D. [et al. 2010], Miller, R. E., Otto, S. P., FitzJohn, R. G., & Rauscher, M. D. 2010. The effects of flower color transition on diversification rates in morning glories (Ipomoea subg. Quamoclit, Convolvulaceae). Pp. 202-226, in Long, M., Gu, H., & Zhou, Z. (eds), Darwin's Heritage Today: Proceedings of the Darwin 200 Beijing International Conference. Higher Education Press, Beijing.

Smith, S. D. [et al. 2019] Angelovici, R., Heyduk, K., Maeda, H. A., Moghe, G. D., Pires, J. C., Widhalm, J. R., & Wisecaver, J. H. 2019. The renaissance of comparative biochemistry. American J. Bot.106: 3-13.

Smith, S. D. [Stanley] [et al. 1997], Monson, R. K., & Anderson, J. E. 1997. Physiological Ecology of North American Desert Plants. Springer, Berlin.

Smith, S. E., & Read, D. J. 2008. Mycorrhizal Symbiosis. Ed. 3. Academic Press, London.

Smith, S. E. [et al. 2011], Jakobsen, I., Grønlund, M., & Smith, F. A. 2011. Roles of arbuscular mycorrhizas in plant phosphorus nutrition: Interactions between pathways of phosphorus uptake in arbuscular mycorrhizal roots have important implications for understanding and manipulating plant phosphorus acquisition. Plant Physiol. 156: 1050-1057.

Smith, S. E. [et al. 2015], Anderson, I. C., & Smith, F. A. 2015. Mycorrhizal associations and phosphorus acquisition: From cells to ecosystems. Pp. 409-440, in Plaxton, W. C., & Lambers, H. (eds), Annual Plant Reviews, Phosphorus Metabolism in Plants. Vol. 48. John Wiley.

Smith, S. V. 1981. Marine macrophytes as a global carbon sink. Science 211: 838-840.

Smith, S. Y. 2007. Morphology, Anatomy, and Phylogeny of Fossil and Extant Saururaceae: Insights from the Middle Eocene Princeton Chert. Ph. D. Thesis, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta.

Smith, S. Y. 2013. The fossil record of noncommelinid monocotyledons. Pp. 29-59, in Wilkin, P., & Mayo, S. J. (eds), Early Events in Monocot Evolution, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. [Systematics Association Special Volume 83.]

Smith, S. Y., & Stockey, R. A. 2003. Aroid seeds from the Middle Eocene Princeton chert (Keratosperma allenbyense, Aracaeae): comparisons with extant Lasioideae. Internat. J. Plant Sci. 164: 239-250.

Smith, S. Y., & Stockey, R. A. 2007a. Pollen morphology and ultrastructure of Saururaceae. Grana 46: 250-267.

Smith, S. Y., & Stockey, R. A. 2007b. Establishing a fossil record for the perianthless Piperales: Saururus tuckerae sp. nov. (Saururaceae) from the Middle Eocene Princeton chert. American J. Bot. 94: 1642-1657.

Smith, S. Y. [et al. 2008], Collinson, M. E., & Rudall, P. J. 2008. Fossil Cyclanthus (Cyclanthaceae, Pandanales) from the Eocene of Germany and England. American J. Bot. 95: 688-699.

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