A Grammatical Dictionary of Botanical Latin

Utricle (Eng.noun), a vesicle or bladderlike structure; small bladders or vescicles, as in species of carnivorous Utricularia possessing underground or underwater vesiculae that trap and digest small invertebrates; “a seed-vessel consisting of a very thin loose pericarp enclosing a single seed; any thin bottle-like body. The two confluent glumes of Carex” (Lindley); “1. A small bladdery pericarp as in Atriplex; 2. A membranous sac surrounding the fruit proper in Carex; any bladder-shaped appendage; 3. a synonym of a parenchymatous cell” (Jackson); 'a small, thin-walled, one-seeded, more or less inflated fruit' [see perigynium,-ii (s.n.II)] (Gleason 1952); (mosses) “a bladder-shaped appendage, vesicle; sometimes referring to the enlarged empty cortical cells of Sphagnum; the enlarged water-sac on the first branch leaf of Ceratolejeunea” (Magill 1990); sacs (water) peculiar bowl-shaped leaflike organs in Hepaticae (Warming)” (Jackson): utriculus,-i (s.m.II), abl. sg. utriculo, nom. pl. utriculi, acc. pl. utriculos, dat.& abl. pl. utriculis [> L. utriculus (s.m.II) a small bag, a small skin or leaterh bottle; dim. of uter, gen. sg. uteris (s.m.III) leather bag, bottle made of hide]; see ampulla,-ae(s.f.I), bladder, sac, vesicula,-ae (s.f.I);

- quae [sc. cellulae] quomodo formentur, utrum per processum divisorium, an per cellulam liberam cum utriculo matricali coalescentem, ulterius inquirendum est (Braun), which [sc. cells] in whatever way they may be formed, either through the divisor [i.e. place of division] of the process, or rather perhaps through a free cell coalescing with the mother [i.e. generative] utricle, is to be further investigated.

(in fungi): “1. the bladderlike covering or pericarp of certain fungi, as Dendrogaster. 2. an old name for the ascus of Nees von Esenbeck, which he applied to the sporiferous structures of the Basidiomycetes (fixed utricles, asci fixi) as well as to those of the Ascomycetes (free utricles, asci liberi), in the mistaken notion that what are now known as basidia likewise formed the spores endogenously” (S&D).

Arillus,-i (s.m.II), abl.sg. arillo, used by J. E. Smith for the utricle of Carex (Jackson); see aril.

Asci fixi (pl.m.II), abl. pl. ascis fixis: (in fungi) “fixed utricles or basidia (of Nees von Esenbeck, 1817); see ‘utricle’” (S&D).

Asci liberi (pl.m.II), “free utricles or asci (of Nees von Esenbeck, 1817)” (S&D).

- utriculi anguste ovati compressi, c. 3-5 mm. longi, inferiores, squamis breviores, superiores squamis longiores, omnes squamis multo latiores, membranei glabri papillosi apicem versus pluricostati in rostrum breve sensim desinentes, utricles narrowly ovate compressed about 3.5 cm. long, the lower ones shorter than the scales, the upper ones longer than the scales, all much broader than the scales, membranous glabrous papillose towards the tip many-ribbed in a short beak gradually ending. (Stearn 1983).

- utriculi numerosi, ex stolonibus et rhizoideis orti, subglobosi vel ellipsoidei, stipitibus longitudinis variabilis, ore obliquo appendiculis 2 deltoideis capillaribus instructo, utriculi numerous arisen from stolons and rhizoids subglobose or ellipsoid, provided with stipes of variable length, with the mouth oblique with appendages 2 deltoid capillary (Stearn 1983).

- ramulis capillaceis utriculos varie dispositos ferentibus, with capillaceous branchlets bearing utricles variously arranged.

NOTE: B&H use utriculus for perigynium (in Carex):

- [Carex] spiculae femineae 1-florae, spicatae, ad axillas bractearum glumiformium sessiles v. breviter stipitatae, gluma única marginibus connatis utriculum saepe lageniforme (perigynmm auct. plur.) florem includens formante, ore parvo saepius 2-dentato; rhachilla (spiculae rhachis) intra utriculum saepe ultra florem producta, setiformis v. linearis planaque, utriculum non v. vix excedens (B&H), the female spikelets 1-flowered, spicate, sessile at the axils of the glumiform bracts or shortly stalked, with the single glume with the margins fused often forming a flask-shaped utricle (the perigynium of many authors) enclosing the flower, with the small mouth more often 2-dentate; with the rhachilla (the rhachis of the spikelet) within the utricle [=perigynium] often prolonged beyond the flower, bristle-shaped or linear, and flat, not or scarcely exceeding the utricle [i.e. perigynium].

- spiculae foemineae utriculus introrsum ad medium v. fere ad basin fissus; rhachilla setiformis v. complanata utriculum non excedens (B&H), the utricle of the female spikelet toward the inside divided to the middle or almost to the base; the rhachilla bristle-shaped or complanate, not exceeding the utriculus (i.e. perigynium].

- spiculae foemineae utriculus usque ad os 2-dentatum clausus; rhachilla exserta, apice glumas vacuas v. flores masculos ferens (B&H), the utriculus of the female spikelet closed as far as the 2-toothed mouth; the rhachilla exserted, bearing at the apex empty glumes or male flowers.

NOTE: see urceolus,- (s.n.II), “the two confluent bracts of Carex”, the utricle.

Arillus (s.m.II), abl. sg. arillo, “used by J. E. Smith for the utricle of Carex” (Jackson).

Corolla,-ae (s.f.I), “employed by Sir. J. E. Smith for the utricle of Carex” (Jackson).

Folliculus,-i (s.m.II), abl. sg. Folliculo: a follicle, q.v., “by Linnaeus used for the bladder of Utricularia” (Jackson).

Primordial utricle, “the first layer of protoplasm thrown down over the interior of a cell” (Lindley); “the outer layer of cell-protoplasm lining the inner surface of a vacuolated cell; by some considered the same as ectoplasm” (Jackson): utriculus primordialis (adj.B), abl. sg. utriculo primordiali, nom. & acc. pl. utriculi primordiales;

“Free cell formation from a nucleus or cytoblast. A portion of the protoplasm collects into a more or less rounded or somewhat oval form, with a defined outer border, thus forming the nucleus of the cell; upon this a layer of protoplasm is deposited which assumes the form of a membrane, and expands so as to form a vesicle; on outside of this a cellulose membrane is secreted and the formation of the cell is completed. The protoplasmic vesicle in this case forms the subsequent lining of the young cell walls, and constitutes the ‘primordial utricle’ of Mohl (Bentley).

- (moss) folia utriculi primordialis plicaturis multiplicatis constructa (Mueller), leaves of the primordial utricle constructed of many-folded pleats.

Cytioderma or Cytoderm 1. the cell-wall; 2. the outer layer of protoplasm next the cell-wall, the primordial utricle” (Jackson): cytoderma,-atis (s.n.III), abl. sg. cytiodermate; (obsol.) cytioderma,-atis (s.n.III), abl. sg. cytiodermate.

Nectarium,-ii (s.n.II), abl. sg. nectario: a nectary; “employed by Linnaeus for the utricle of Carex” (Jackson);

- [Carex] Corolla: Petala nulla. Nectarium inflatum, ovato-oblongum, apice bidentatum, superne contractum, ore dehiscens, persistens (Linn.), Corolla: petals none. The nectarium [i.e. utricle or perigynium] inflated, ovate-oblong, bidentate at the apex, upwards contracted, dehiscent at the mouth, persistent.

Tunica,-ae (s.f.I): the tunic, “occasionally used for the utricle of Carex” (Jackson).

Utriculi seminales (adj.B), abl.pl. utriculis seminalibus: “the spores of certain Fungals” (Lindley).

NOTE: nectarium,-ii (s.n.II),, q.v., “employed by Linaeus for the utricle of Carex” (Jackson).