A Grammatical Dictionary of Botanical Latin

Sacculus,-i (s.m.II), abl.sg. sacculo: little sack or bag; “the peridium of certain Fungals” (Lindley; Jackson); the loculus of the anther; (bryology) “small sac-like structures, as those downgrowths from near the edge of the epiphragm, between and just inside the teeth of Polytrichum” (Magill 1990) [> L. sacculus,-i (s.m.II), dim. saccus,-i (s.m.II): a little sack or bag, such as for filtering (wine, grain); a purse (for money); cf. sacco,-atum 1. “to strain through a bag, to strain, filter];

- saccata aqua, filtered water (opp. turbida aqua,‘muddy water’).

- [Nymphaeaceae] semina arillo carnoso v. pulposo immersa v. nuda, nunc albuminosa, embryone orthotropo intra albuminis farinacei cavitatem prope hilum semi-immerso et intra sacculum amnioticum incluso (B&H), seeds with a fleshy or pulpy aril, embedded in a fleshy or pulpy aril or naked, sometimes albuminose [i.e. full of a kind of endosperm], with an orthotropous embryo enclosed [i.e. embedded] inside a cavity of farinaceous albumen half-embedded near the hilum and inside the amniotic sacculus.

- embryo parvus, extra albumen ad basin seminis situs, ideo in fructu inversus, prima fronte indivisus, inclusus nempe in sacculo seu membrana propria et intus cotyledones 2 foliaceas exhibens, interdum ante seminum delapsum germinans (DeCandolle), embryo small, situated outside of the albumen at the base of the seed, and for this reason inverted in fruit, at first sight undivided, indeed enclosed in a sacculus or special membrane and displaying inside 2 leafy cotyledons, sometimes germinating before the seeds are discharged.

- [Diplotrichia; algae] Fila simplicia intus annulata, a globulo hemispherico egredientia bina, e strato medullari radiantia, sacculo mucilaginoso basi cincta, in frondem gelatinosam (saepe separatione inflatam) laxe disposita (Agardh), filaments simple [i.e. unbranched] annulate inside, two at a time issuing forth from a hemispheric globule, radiating from the medullary layer, surrounded at the base with a mucilaginous sacculus, [i.e. sac] loosely arranged into a gelatinous frond (often inflated on separation).

- [algae] In Halymenia contra sporas numerosas in interiore cellulae magnae oriri facile putaveris, et favellidia matura sporas intra sacculum hyalinum cellulae arctissime adhuc inclusas et conjunctas emittere crediderim (Agardh), in Halymenia, on the other hand, you might have easily supposed [that] numerous spores originate in the interior of a large cell, and I might have believed the mature favellidia to emit spores hitherto very tightly enclosed and conjoined [i.e. bound together] within the hyaline sac of the cell.

- [algae] glomerulus sporarum sacculo hyalino proxime tegitur, filis inter basin et membranam externam pericarpii extensis stellulatim anastomosantibus insuper vestitus (Agardh), the glomerule of spores is covered over very closely by a hyaline sac, clothed from above with filaments outspread between the base and the external membrane of the pericarpium, stellately anastomosing [i.e. forming a networt].

- [liverwort] marsupia in rhizomate basali aggregata, 3-4 consecutiva, 4 mm. longa, inferne dense radicellosa, tertio supero dense squamuligera, squamulis numerosis imbricatis varie lacinulatis superne hamatim conniventibus et orificium sacculi uncinatim obvelantibus (Steph), marsupia crowded on a basal rhizome, 3-4 consecutive [i.e. in succession], 4 mm long, below densely radicellose [i.e. rhizoidose], the upper third densely scale-bearing, with the small scales numerous, imbricate, variously lacinulate, above hookedly converging and covering over like a hook the mouth of the sacculus.

- [Orchideae] pollìnarii glandula in sacculo a dorso rostello elevato inclusa (B&H), the glandule of the pollinarium enclosed in a sac from the back with an elevated rostellum.

- [Nymphaeaceae] Embryo parvus, turbinato-globosus, extra albumen ad basin seminis situs, ideo in fructu inversus prima fronte indivisus, inclusus nempe in sacculo seu membrana propria et intus cotyledones 2 foliaceas exhibens, interdum ante seminum delapsum germinans (DeCandolle), the embryo small, turbinate-globose, situated outside of the albumen at the base of the seed,and for this reason in fruit it is inverted, at first sight not divided, included, in other words in a sacculus or special membrane and inside displaying 2 foliaceous cotyledons, sometimes germinating before the seed.

- [Nymphaeaceae] Semina arillo carnoso v. pulposo immersa v. nuda, nunc albuminosa, embryone orthotropo intra albuminis farinacei cavitatem prope hilum semi-immerso et intra sacculum amnioticum incluso, nunc exalbuminosa (B&H), seeds immersed in a fleshy or pulpy aril or naked, sometimes albuminose [i.e. with abundant albumen], with an orthotropous embryo within a cavity of farinaceous [i.e. mealy] albumen, half-embedded near the hilum and enclosed within an amniotic saccule, sometimes lacking albumen.

- [Aurantiaceae] pulpa in sacculis innumeris e parietibus ortis reclusa (DeCandolle), the pulp stored away in countless saccules originated from the walls.

- [Saccularia; Scrophularineae] Species 2 ? [sic] quarum una sola nobis nota, Perùviae et Ecuadoriae incola. SACCULARIA, Kellog, ex descriptìone et icone videtur species altera Californica, stylo apico tenuiore quam in planta Peruviana (B&H), Species 2, perhaps, only one of which known to us, a dweller in Peru and Equador. Saccularia, the other [i.e. second] species from the description and illustration seen, with the style thinner at the apex than in the Peruvian plant.

Saccule (Sacculus) in Orchidaceae, is usually associated with the rostellum, and mostly with the glandule (retinaculum) of the pollinarium enclosed within a sac or saccule;

- [Orchideae; Subtribus 1. Euophrydeae] Anthera erecta. Pollìnarii glandula in sacculo a dorso rostello elevato inclusa (B&H), the anther erect. The glanule of the pollinarium enclosed from the back in a sacculus with the rostellum elevated.

- [Orchidaceae] calcar supra basim cylindraceum circiter 1.5 mm in diametro, ad basim in pariete postico in sacculum scrotiformem productum; sacculus 1 mm longus; the spur above the cylindric base around 1.5 mm in diameter, prolonged at the base on the postical wall into a scrotiform saccule; the saccule 1 mm long.

- ORCHIS. Labellum calcaratum. Polliniorum glándulas 2 distinctas v. in unam coalitae semper in sacculo unico inclusas (B&H), the labellum spurred. The glandules of the pollinaria 2, separate or into one fused, always enclosed in a single saccule.

- SERAPIAS. labellum calcaratum, lobo medio saepius linguiformi, basi lamina glandulosa instructum. Antherae connectivum ultra loculos productum. Polliniorum glandulae in sacculo unico inclusae saepius connatae (B&H), the labellum fused, with the middle lobe more often tongue-shaped, provided at the base with a glandulose lamina [i.e. blade]. The connective of the anther prolonged beyond the locules. The glandules of the pollinia enclosed in a single saccule, more often fused.

- [Yoania] Labellum cum petalis campanulato-connivens, iis aequale, liberum, lata base sessile, suboblongum, concavum, apice contracto subfornicatum, medio in sacculum brevem excavatum, laeve (B&H), the labellum campanulate [i.e. bell-shaped]-connivent [i.e. converging but not fused], equal [i.e. in shape or length] to them, free [i.e. not fused], sessile with a wide base, somewhat oblong, concave, contracted at the apex, somewhat fornicate [i.e. arched], hollowed in the middle into a short saccule, smooth.

- [Orchis] antherae connectivum a clinandrio non distinctum, loculi adnati prominentes, paralleli, apicibus (inferis) convergentibus; pollinia in quoque loculo grosse granulosa in caudiculam laevem producta, caudiculis anthera dehiscente glandulae unicae v. glandulis 2 distinctis intra sacculum unicum rostelli affixis (B&H), the connective of the anther not distinct [i.e. separate, not fused] from the clinandrium, the locules adnate, prominent, parallel, with the apices (below) converging; the pollinia in each locule coarsely granulose, prolonged into a smooth caudicle, with the caudicles dehiscing from the anther with a single glandule or with the glandules 2, distinct, attached inside the single saccule of the rostellum.

- [Orchis] Genus apud Linnaeum Ophrydeas omnes labello 1-calcarato includit, huic fere sententiae reversi sunt Grenier et Godron, Fl. Fr. iii. 284, sed ab auctoribus recentioribus limitatur ad species quarum glandula caudiculorum in sacculo unico rostelli nidulant. Plerique etiam pro speciebus veris eas solas admittunt quibus glandula 2 in sacculo unico distinctae sunt etsi saepissime arcte contiguae (B&H): the genus in the works of Linnaeus includes all the Ophrydeae with a 1-spurred labellum, Grenier and Godron are for the most part contrary to this opinion [i.e. way of thinking] but by more recent authors [the genus is] limited to species of which the glandule of the caudicles nestle [i.e. is embedded] in a single saccule of the rostellum. Many [i.e. the majority] also even still acknowledge that, for real species [i.e. in the genus], [it is limited to] only those in which the 2 glandules are distinct in a single saccule even if more often they are closely contiguous [i.e. touching or nearby].

- [Orchis] genere distincta ob polliniorum glandulas more Habenariae nudas nec in sacculo rostelli inclusas. Sacculus tamen in speciminibus siccis examinatis obvius fuit etsi tenerrimus, et etiam delineatus videtur in ic. Barlaei, l.c. t. 16, f. 17. (B&H), distinct [i.e. separate] in the genus due to the glandules of the pollinia, in the manner of the Habenariae, naked, not included in the saccule of the rostellum. Yet the saccule in the dried specimens examined was encountered even if very thin, and also was seen represented in the illustration of Barlaeus, loc cit., plate 16, figure 17.

- [Aceras] pollinia in quoque loculo grosse granulosa, caudiculis brevibus, anthera dehiscente glandulae unicae intra sacculum rostelli affixis (B&H), the pollinia in each locule coarsely granulose, with short caudicles, with the dehiscing anther attached to a single glandule within the saccule of the rostellum.

VIOLA sacculus, has flowers with a short, fat spur, in a dense ring around the outer leaf tips.

Saccularia,-ae (s.f.I), Orchidaceae.