A Grammatical Dictionary of Botanical Latin

Pappus, “the calyx of Composites, where that organ is reduced to a membrane, or scales, or hairs, or a mere rim” (Lindley); “the modified calyx-limb in Compositae, etc., forming a crown of very various character at the summit of the achene” (Fernald 1950); the down on a seed; an apical tuft of hair or bristles or homologous appendages on fruits of Compositae and Valerianaceae: pappus,-i (s.m.II), abl.sg. pappo, nom. pl. pappi, acc.pl. pappos, dat. & abl. pl. pappis. On a seed generally, such a tuft is termed coma,-ae (s.f.I), q.v.; [> L. & Gk. the white down on certain seeds];

- pappus uniserialis albus setaceo-paleaceus breviter plumosus, pappus in one series white bristle-like and chaffy shortly plumed.

- pappus biserialis, pappus in two series.

- pappus duplex, pappus double.

- pappus multiserialis, pappus in many series.

- pappus pluriserialis flosculos aequante, the papus in many rows, equal to the florets.

- semina pappo coronata (Necker), the seeds crowned with a pappus.

- pappus, feminarum paleaceus: monoclinorum plumosus (Necker), the pappus of the female [flowers] chaffy: of the hermaphrodite [flowers] plumose.

- pappi series exterior cupulam 1 mm. altam fimbriatam formans, interior e paleis multis basi cohaerentibus longis superne plumosis constans, of the pappus the outer series forming a cup 1 mm. high fimbriate, the inner composed from pales at base cohering long in the upper part plumed.

- pappus multiserialis basi in annulum conferruminatus, pappus many-seried at base into a ring cemented together.

- pappi paleae 2-seriales, exteriores ellipticae tenerae persistentes, interiores ovatae caducae, of the pappus the pales in 2 series, the outer elliptic thin persistent, the inner ovate deciduous.

- pappi duplicis setae exteriores 1 mm. longae scabridae, interiores 1 cm. longae plumosae, omnes nigrae, of the double pappus the outer bristles 1 mm. long scabrid, the inner 1 cm. long plumose, all black (Stearn).

- pappo florum foemineorum nullo, hermaphroditorum e squamellis 9-11 oblongo-cuneatis constante (F. Mueller), with the pappus of the female flowers none, of the hermaphrodite [flowers] composed of 9-11 oblong-cuneate squamellas.

- [Genus Actinophytum] CHARACTER UNIVERSALIS (Necker), general character [of the pappi]: an explanation of an illustration:

- pappus seminum, pilosus, sessilis fig. 8.; alius stipitatus fig. 8. a: pennatus sessilis fig. 9.; plumosus stipitatus fig. 9. a: alius pappus setacens fig. lo; paleaceus fig. 11 ; alius auriculatus fig. 12 ; dentatus fig. 13; bicornis fig. 14; alius triaristatus fig. 14. a; folioliformis fig. 15; alius ad apicem marginatus fig. l6. In quadam specie pappus in circuitu seminum, membranaceus fig. 17; tandem nullus; the pappus of the seeds: pilose, sessile (figure 8); another stalked, a: pennate [i.e. pinnate], sessile; plumose, stalked; a. another pappus somewhat bristled; chaffy; another eared; dentate; with two horns; ; another with three awns; in the shape of a leaflet; another at the apex with a border. In a certain species the pappus, on the circumference of the seeds, membranaceous; finally [sc. pappus] none.

- other Latin adjectives used by Necker for the pappus:

lanatus (wooly); stellato-foliaceus (stellate-leafy); bicornutus (two-horned); biauriculatus (two-eared); squamulosus (with like small scales); nudus (naked); latere membranaceus (membrane-like on the side); denticulatus (with small teeth); latere alato (with winged side).

- pappus, feminarum. paleaceus :monoclinorum plumofus (Necker) pappus, of the female [flowers] chaffy; hermaphrodite [flowers] plumose.

- Pappus, paleis 2, persistentibus semina coronans (Necker), pappus with two persistent palea wreathing [i.e. crowning] the seeds.

- semina florum exteriora, nulla ; interiora , fertilia pappo setaceo terminata (Necker), exterior seeds flowers none; the interior ones fertile, terminated with a setaceous pappus.

Barbella,-ae (s.f.I), abl.sg. barbella, nom. pl. barbellae, acc. pl. barbellas, dat. & abl. pl. barbellis: one of the short, stiff hairs or trichomes in the pappus of some Compositae; (in plural) “the hairs of the pappus of Composites, when they are short, stiff, and straight” (Lindley).

Barbellula,-ae (s.f.I): “small conical spine-like processes of the pappus of Composites, as in Aster” (Lindley); a barbella, or short, stiff hair associated with the pappus of, for example the genus Aster in the Compositae (Jackson).

Corona seminis [gen.sg. semen, ‘seed’) = pappus.

Coronula,-ae (s.f.I), q.v., = pappus (Jackson);

- [Brauneria] semina marginalia nulla; centralia, coronulà dentata terminata (Necker), marginal seeds none; central, terminated with a dentate pappus.

Squamellia,-ae (s.f.I), abl.sg. squamellia; squamellula,-ae (s.f.I), abl.sg. squamellula: a little scale, lodicule (in Gramineae), subdivision of pappus (in Compositae).

Squamellula,-ae (s.f.I), abl.sg. squamellula: a diminutive of a diminutive of squama,-ae (s.f.I) (scale): the subdivision of the pappus limb in Asteraceae; “1. a subdivision of the pappus-limb in Compositae; 2. a scale-like appendage within the tube of certain corollas” (Jackson).