A Grammatical Dictionary of Botanical Latin

Exemplar,-aris (s.n.III), abl. sg. exemplari, nom. & acc. pl. exemplaria, gen. pl. exemplarium: exemplar (Eng. noun), a typical example; a specimen; a transcript, copy [> L. an image, likeness, impression; a pattern, model, exemplar; original, an example; a model > L. exemplum, q.v. + -aris,-e]; see specimen;

NOTE: the abl. sg. ends in -i and the gen. pl. in -ium in ‘exemplar’ (an i-stem noun, that is, a neuter ending in -ar).

- ad exemplar (prepositional phrase), ‘for example.’

copy (of a book):

- [fungus] color modo cinereus, modo argillaceus; sed sordide rubiginosum, quem icon Persooniana (Icones pictae Tab. III. f. 1. 2. 3.) in nostro certe exemplari ostendit, numquam in hac specie observavimus: de quo cum in descriptionibus autoris mentio nuspiam fiat, mero forsan pictoris errori tribuendus erit (S&A), the color is sometimes ash-gray, sometimes clay-colored, [i.e. yellowish-brown]; but the dirty rusty-red, which the Personian illustration (Icones pictae, plate III figures 1.2.3.) shows, certainly in our COPY, we have never observed in this species: about which, when a mention may be nowhere in the descriptions of the author, perhaps it will have to be attributed to nothing short of [i.e. purely] the error of the painter [i.e. artist].

- [Coralloides corniculatum fasciculare tinctorium, Fuci teretis facie. Argol & Canary Weed Vulgo, Roccella, Orcella & Raspa Italis:]

Idem Hist. Lugd. Auctor ex Theveto scribit, Oriselle ab Arabibus ‘Sereth’ vocari, & coria ea herba eleganter tingi, ex Hispaniis eo delata. Quæ verba in nostro Theveti exemplari non occurrunt. Eadem transcripsit J. Bauhinus (Dill.),

the same author [of the Historia Lugdunensis ? (=Lyons)] writes that according to Thevetus, brought down to him by the Spanish, that Oriselle, is to be called by the Arabs ‘Sereth,’ and skins elegantly are to be dyed with this herb. These are words which do not occur in our copy of Thevetus. J. Bauhin has transcribed the same thing.

(botanical) specimen:

- genera plantarum ad exemplaria imprimis in herbariis kewensibus servata definita, genera of plants defined according to specimens primarily preserved in the herbaria at Kew.

- duo tantum fungi pulcherrimi exempla pratensia (Hungersnoth) in foliis Orchidis conopseae obvia nobis fuere (S&A), only two specimens of [this] most beautiful fungus on the leaves of Orchis conopsea were met with by us.

- baccae exemplaribus nostris nuculam crassam intus suberosam continent, embryone 0. (B&H), the berries, in our examples, contain a thick nutlet that is withered [i.e. shriveled up] inside, with no embryo.

- exempla majora P. eduli haud adeo absimilia desuper apparent: a qua tamen admodum diversa est haec species (S&A), the larger specimens appear not so much unlike P. edulis: from which, however, this species is completely different.

- exemplaria imperfecta tantum nobis suppetunt difficillime scrutata (B&H), only imperfect examples are available to us, studied with the utmost difficulty.

- genus Camelinae affine, sed differt conspicuo valvis siliquae non apice productis nec margine planis, et charactere abnormi (minimi valoris exemplaribus cultis non constante) siliquae 4-valvis (B&H), the genus related to Camelina, but it differs conspicuously by the valves of the siliqua not prolonged at the apex nor flat at the margin, and by the abnormal character (not considering cultivated specimens of the smallest value) of the 4-valved siliqua.

- e genere Trichinio excludendum erit T. Zeyheri, quod secundum exemplaria ab inclyto et amicissimo Guilielmo Sonder accepta non solum a genere differt notis jam Moquinio luculenter expositis, sed praeterea staminibus omnibus fertilibus (F. Mueller), Trichinium Zeyheri will have to be excluded from the genus Trichinium, which, following the specimens accepted [i.e. approved] by the renowned and most amiable William Sonder, not only differs from the genus by characters until now lucidly set forth by Moquinius [Christian Horace Benedict Alfred Moquin-Tandon], but also by all the fertile stamens.

- species pulchra C. squamatae Cav. valde affinis sed cum icone et cum exemplare unico herb. Cav. comparata, differt ut videtur caulibus basi lignosis (Boissier), a beautiful species closely related to C. squamata Cav., but when compared with the picture and with the single specimen in the Cav. herbarium, it differs, so it seems, by the stems woody at the base [Cav. = Antonio José Cavanilles].

- Exemplaria 2 examinavimus, alternum [fem.] Javanicum a Miquelio communicatum, alterum [masc.] in Borneo lectum. (B&H), we examined two specimens, one (the female) of Java sent by Miquel, the other (masculine) collected in Borneo.

- ordo assidue elaboratus est per Schóttium, qui multo acumino species ordinavit et tribus, subtribus, et genera, sumpta pro maxima parte de exemplaribus vivis, fundavit (B&H), an order industriously elaborated by Schottius [Heinrich Wilhelm Schott], who with great acumen [i.e. depth of perception] arranged the species and laid the foundation for tribes and subribes, and genera, taken for the most part from living specimens.

- contra autem, ex laboribus N. E. Brownei multum utilitatis percepimus, qui in Herbario Kewensi concorporavit seriem pretiosam observationum et analyses de die in diem sumpta ex exemplaribus quae in Horto Kewensi alibique flores exhibuerunt(B&H), on the other hand, however, from the labors of N.E. Brown, we had perceived much of use, who in the Herbarium at Kew incorporated a series of observations of great value, and analyses acquired day by day from the specimens which were displayed in the Garden at Kew and flowers elsewhere.