A Grammatical Dictionary of Botanical Latin

Host (of parasites, particularly fungi) (Eng.noun): hospes,-itis (s.m.III), abl. sg. hospite, q.v.; matrix,-icis (s.f.III), abl. sg. matrice; see nourishing, nutrix;

NOTE: in mushrooms (fungi) note whether “on the ground, woods, leaves, etc.; under hardwoods or conifers, or in a mixture of both or in lawns and grassy areas, on dung, etc.; note should be made of the animal or animal part on which the fungus was growing; fungi are saprophytes (O. Miller, Jr.).

- mycelium hospitem cooperiens, mycelium enveloping the host.

- aecidia matricem deformantia, the aecidia distorting the host.

Host-plant: planta (s.f.I) nutricia (adj.A).

Matrix (in mycology) “the substrate on or in which a fungus grows [> L. matrix, breeding animal > mater, ‘mother’]” (S&D; also WIII).

Substrate (in mycology) “substratum,-i (s.n.II) “the material in or upon which a fungus grows or to which it is attached – sometimes used for ‘matrix’ [> L. substernere, to strew under]” (S&D).

NOTE: some mostly fungal epithets referring to the host species or the substrate are as follows:

1. epithet in the genitive singular, referring to a genus:

Apiocarpella hedysari (Hedysarum); Ascochyta astragali (Astragalus), A. coronillae (Coronilla), A. oxytropidis (Oxytropis), A. viciae (Vicia); Cercospora medicaginis (Medicago); Phoma betae, of beets (Beta); Puccinia asteris (Aster), P. circaeae (Circaea); Ramularia nemopanthis; (Nemopanthes); Septoria erigerontis (Erigeron); Stilbum rhoidis (Rhus typhina); Taphrina cerasi, of cherries (Cerasus); Uredo smilacis (Smilax); Uromyces anthyllidis (Anthyllis,-idis), U. loti (Lotus), U. onobrychidis (Onobrychis); U. pisi (Pisum); Valsa pini (Pinus).

2. epithet using both genus and epithet (the species name) together; note that both epithet words are in the genitive sg.:

Phoma oncidii-sphacelati [of Oncidium sphacelatum]; Stagonospora viciae-pisiformis (Vicia pisiformis); Uromyces hedysari-obscuri (Hedysarum obscurum); U. trifolii-hybridi (Trifolium hybridum); U. trifolii-repentis (Trifolium repens); U. viciae-fabae (Vicia faba).

3. epithet using -cola,-ae (s.f.I), q.v.; words (e.g. epithets) ending in –cola,-ae (s.f.I) are nouns in apposition to the generic name (genus); 1. in reference to a genus:

Dermatea acericola (dwelling on Maple (Acer); Phoma exigua var. linicola (dwelling on Linum); Pseudomonas syringae pv. [= pathovar] phaseolicola;Septoria astragalicola (dwelling on Astragalus); Sphaeria taxicola (Taxus) S. fraxicola (Fraxinus); Septoria kalmicola (Kalmia), S. verbascicola (Verbascum). ii. in reference to a substrate:

Agaricus corticola, on the trunks of trees; Cladosporium lignicola, dwelling on wood; Typhula muscicola (mosses, especially Climacium americanum); 4. genitive plurals, especially in Puccinia;

Puccinia galeorum (of Galium (species)), P. violarum (Viola) P. prunorum (pf Prunus species), P. Lychnidearum of species of Lichnis; P. rosarum (Rosa), P. umbelliferarum (Umbellifera); Septoria polygonorum (Polygonum).

5. epithets of two words, an adj. modifying a noun:

Sphaeria pulvis-pyrius [gun-powder]; Melanomma pulvis-pyrius [pulvis, powder + pyrius, relating to fire (pyrogenic).

6. adjj. endings: all indicating resemblance, possession, belonging or pertaining to;

i. -inus,-a,-um (adj.A);

Cenangium populinum (Populus); Colpoma juniperinum (Juniperus); Comatricha typhina (Typha); Diplodia thujina (Thuja); Epichloe typhina (Typha); Vermicularia coptina (Coptis); Rhytisma acerinum (Acer); Sphaeropsis quercina (Quercus); Valsa salicina (Salix).

ii. -eus,-a,-um (adj.A):

Dermatea carpinea (Carpinus); Puccinia arundinacea (on reeds, i.e. Phragmites communis).

iii. -ineus,-a,-um;

Fusisporium faginea (Fagus) 7. genitives used in a descriptive sense: ‘of the substrate’ (in gen.sg. or pl.), especially if putrid or rotted (fungi are saprophytes):

Agaricus sphagnorum (Sphagnum, of sphagnous bogs, the word 'sphagnum' in English sometimes referring to such places); Empusa muscae, of (dead) flies; Helotium herbarum (gen.pl. herba), of herbs (plants); Helotium sarmentorum, of (dead grape) vines or runners (sarmenta); Hypoderma vigultorum, of (dead) twigs, Onygena equina (of the old hoofs and horns of horses); Phoma herbarum (of herbs, gen.pl. herba); Puccinia graminis (of grass); Helotium herbarum (herba, plants; Vermicularia petiolorum, of (dead) petioles; Sphaeropsis malorum of (decaying) apples.

Lycogala epidendrum, on (decaying) wood; Phoma stercoraria, growing on the dung (of geese).

8. Cenangium Prunastri (of Prunaster); Dermea prunastri (of Prunaster); Sphaerolecanium prunastri (of Prunaster).

Cenangium pinastri (of Pinaster)