- bacario, baccetum
- barba, beard
- barbado, bearded
- barranca, ravine
- basal, basal
- basicida, basicidal
- basifijo, basifixed
- basípeto, basipetal
- basiscópico, basiscopic
- basófilo, basophilous
- baya, berry
- bejuco, liana, vine, woody vine
- bellota, acorn
- bianual, biennial
- bicoloro, bicolorous
- biconvexo, biconvex
- bienal, biennial
- bifacialmente, bifacially
- bífero, biferous
- bifurcado, bifurcate
- binado, uniiugate, binate
- bisecto, bisected
- bisexual, bisexual
- blanco, white
- blanco hueso, bony
- blanco-amarillento, ochroleucous
- blanquecino, whitish
- bolsa, pouch, sac
- borde, edge, rim, bank
- borde de camino, roadside
- bordeado, edged, bordered
- boscoso, woody
- bosque, woodland
- bosque caducifolio, montane wet (rain) forest
- bosque de latifoliadas, broad leaf forest
- bosque de neblina, cloud forest
- bosque mixto, mixed forest
- bóstrix, bostryx
- botuliforme, botuliform, sausage-shaped
- bozo, down
- bráctea, bract
- bráctea foliosa, bract-leaf
- bráctea involucral, chaff
- bracteado, bracteate
- brácteas espatiformes, falls
- bractéola, bracteole, bractlet
- bractéolas receptaculares, receptacular bractlets
- braquial, brachiate
- Brasil, Brazil
- brevemente, shortly
- brevi- o corti-, short
- brillante, glossy, lustrous, shining, gleaming
- bromeliiforme, bromeliiform
- broquidódroma (nervadura), brochidodromous (venation)
- brote, innovation
- bulbífero, bulbiferous
- bulbillo, bulbel
- bulbilo, bulbil
- bulbo, bulb
- buliforme, bullate
- bursícula, bursicule