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BFNA Title: Cladopodiella |
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XX. CLADOPODIELLA H. Buch,
Memoranda Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 1:
89. 1925
* [Greek clado branch, -podi- foot,
Latin -ella
diminutive; possibly alluding to postical branches
close to substratum] Lorinda
Leonardi Stem cortical and medullary cells similar, without differentiated
superficial cells; ventral branches with leaves, reduced
leaves, or leafless; without surface structures; rhizoids postical or
on ventral branches, hyaline. Leaves succubous, not
decurrent, widest at or close to middle, 2-lobed, lobes slightly
asymmetrical, sinus acute to obtuse; margin
smooth; cells round or quadrate to elongate, cuticle smooth, trigones absent
to small; oil bodies papillose, ellipsoidal
to round. Underleaves
0--1 per lateral leaves, 2--7 cells in width at base, mostly lanceolate, entire to 2-lobed, lobes ciliate or lanceolate,
margins and apices smooth with or without slime papillae; cells round or
quadrate to elongate, medium to thick-walled, trigones absent to small. Rhizoids hyaline, scattered ventrally
or absent. Asexual reproduction present or absent.
Sexual
condition dioicous. Androecia terminal or intercalary on stems or branches;
bracts imbricate, 4--9 pairs, concave, mostly 2-lobed, often toothed at base,
with or without slime papillae at apices or along margins; bracteoles similar
to underleaves but smaller; antheridia orbicular, hyaline, bronze or
red-purple, 0.1--0.2 mm in width, 1 per bract; jacket cells irregularly
orientated; stalks 2 cells in width, 3--4 cells in length. Gynoecia
terminal on postical branches, innovational
branches absent; bracts 2--4 pairs, 2-lobed, concave, longer than leaves,
with or without slime papillae along margins, bracteoles mostly similar in
size and shape to bracts; connate, adnate, or free;
stem-derived protective structure absent.
Perianth
0.5--0.8 exerted, oblong to lingulate; mouth tapered to slightly tapered,
sinuate, crenate to entire; 1(2)3-stratose (1--)2(--3)-stratose near base, 1-stratose near
mouth; without surface ornamentation. Sporophyte seta cross section with 13--18 exterior cells and
5--16 interior cells; capsule ovoid, 4-valved,
outer cells with nodular rust-colored thickenings, inner cells with semiannular rust-colored thickenings. Elaters
with tapered or truncate ends, 2-spiraled, spirals 2.5--4 \um in width, red-rust. Spores
papillose, red-rust to purple.
Species 2 (2 in the flora): North America, Europe, Asia, SELECTED REFERENCES:
Schuster, R. M. 1974. Cladopodiella. In: R. M.
Schuster. 1966--- 1993. Hepaticae and Anthocerotae
of North America East of the Hundredth 1. Leaves
typically wide-spreading, mostly flat, 0.5--1.1 mm; gemmae never present . . . 1. Cladopodiella fluitans 1. Leaves
typically erect-spreading, mostly concave, 0.3--0.5 mm; gemmae often present. . .
2. Cladopodiella francisci 1. Cladopodiella fluitans (Nees in Funck)
Jörgensen, Bergens Mus.
Skr. 16: 276. 1934 Jungermannia fluitans Nees in Funck, Krypt. Gew. Fichtelgeb.
29: no. 593. 1823 Plants
yellow-brown, green or purple-black, prostrate, shoots 20--45(--100) mm. Stems 150--200 \um in diameter; cortex and medulla
6--8 cells in width, cortical cells in transverse section 30--90 x 20--27
\um; ventral
branches with leaves, reduced leaves, or leafless. Leaves wide- to
erect-spreading, mostly distant but contiguous to slightly imbricate, flat to
slightly curved, oblong, 0.5--1.1 x 0.4--0.8 mm, 2-lobed 0.2--0.4 leaf
length; largest leaf lobe 7--15 cells in width at base, lobe apices obtuse to
occasionally acute. Leaf cells 15--38 \um at margins, 20--40 medially in lobes,\um 18--60 \um at midleaf, 15--60 \um at base; thin
to thick-walled; oil bodies 3--10 per cell, 4--10 \um. Underleaves cells 12--75 \um.distant,
0.2--0.5 x 0.05--0.15 mm Specialized asexual
reproduction absent. Androecial
bracts 0.4--0.7 x 0.4--0.6
mm. Gynoecial bracts 0.8--1.2
mm. Perianth with 2--3 plicae at mouth, 2.5--4 x 0.7--1 mm. Sporophyte capsule wall of 3 cell layers, 30--35 \um
in thickness, outer cells
10--18 in width.in width, inner cells 10--13 \um. Elaters
125--250 x 10--13 \um. Spores
15--20 .\um Acidophile,
often growing intermingled with sphagnum or peat in pools, less commonly on
moist soil or rock; bogs, lake and pond edges, moist open areas; mostly low to moderate elevations; Greenland;
Alta., B.C., Nfld. & Labr. (Labr.), Man., N.B., Nfld., N.W.T., N.S., Ont., P.E.I, Que.; Alaska, Conn., Maine, Mass., Mich., Minn., N.H., N.J.,
N.Y., Ohio, R.I., Vt., Wash., W.Va., Wis.; Europe; Asia; Africa. Sometimes confused with the more
common Gymnocolea inflata, Cladopodiella fluitans
may be identified easily if perianths are present. The perianths of C. fluitans, which are more elongate
than the more globose perianths of G.
inflata, do not become detached from the stem. Also C.
fluitans does not develop terminal or lateral
branching as does Gymnocolea. 2.
Cladopodiella francisci (Hooker)
Jörgensen, Bergens Mus.
Skr. 16: 274. 1934 (as franciscii) Jungermannia
francisci Hooker, Brit. Jungermann., pl. 49. 1813
Acidophile, often forming uniform patches on moist sandy to
gravelly soil and less common on peat; wetlands, heathlands,
lake and pond edges, roadsides, and cliff ledges; low elevations to alpine
summits; Greenland; Nfld., N.S., Que.; Conn., Maine, Mass., N.H., N.Y., R.I.;
Europe. Because of its size and form, Cladopodiella francisci
may be confused with species of Cephalozia,
but absence of a hyalodermis and the non-decurrent leaves will readily
distinguish Cladopodiella.
Cladopodiella francisci
is less common than C. fluitans, but in ideal conditions can form abundant
patches. The two species are easily separated by size, growth form and
habitat, and presence or absence of gemmae.
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