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BFNA Title: Wijkia |
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WIJKIA – SEMATOPHYLLACEAE W. B. Schofield XXX. WIJKIA H. A. Crum, Bryologist 74: 170. 1971 * (for
R. van der Wijk, Dutch bryologist) Plants small to medium sized, forming loose,
glossy dark green to brownish mats, creeping to arched, subpinnate to
irregularly branched, stems 1--3 cm, branches 0.2--1.5 cm, terete, with
leaves imbricate to wide-spreading, slender, 0.5--1.5 mm wide;
pseudoparaphyllia foliose, deltoid. Stem leaves larger than those of branches, and more gradually
acuminate, ovate and often abruptly piliferous, serrulate; alar cells
strongly differentiated, often colored, of 1--4 elongate inflated cells
separated from laminal cells by small quadrate to rhombic supra-alar cells;
costa short and double or absent; leaf cells vermicular, smooth
or 1-seriate multipapillose. Specialized asexual reproduction when
present by flagelliferous deciduous branches.
Sexual condition dioicous
or phyllodioicous. Seta red to brown, smooth, 1--2 cm,
twisted when dry. Capsule inclined
to horizontal, asymmetric, arcuate, ovoid to cylindric, exothecial cells not
or slightly collenchymatous; annulus present; operculum short- to
long-rostrate or conic; peristome double, exostome of 16 lanceolate teeth,
cross-striolate proximally, coarsely papillose distally; endostome smooth to
finely papillose, with high basal membrane, segments nearly as long as
exostomial teeth, cilia mostly in pairs, nearly as long as segments. Calyptra
cucullate, smooth. Spores spherical, papillose. Species 25 (1
in flora): w North America, Central
America, South America, se Asia (Japan, India, Indonesia, Philippines,
Taiwan), Africa, Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia; temperate,
tropical and subtropical forests. SELECTED
REFERENCES: Buck, W. R. 1998.
Pleurocarpous Mosses of the West Indies.
Mem. N.Y. Bot. Garden 82. Noguchi, A. 1994. Illustrated Moss Flora of
Japan, Part 5. Nichinan. Ramsay, H. P., W. B. Schofield and B. C. Tan.
2002. The Family Sematophyllaceae
(Bryopsida) in Australia. Part l. J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 92: 8--15. Schofield, W. B. 1966. Acanthocladium (Sect. Tanythrix)
in North America. Bryologist 69:
334--338. 1. Wijkia carlottae (Schofield) H. A. Crum, Bryologist 74:
171. 1971 Acanthocladium carlottae Schofield, Bryologist 69: 336. 1966 Plants small, glossy yellow green to dark
green when living, brown to yellowish when old, 1--2 cm, irregularly to
regularly pinnate to 2-pinnate with stem and branch tips sharply pointed,
forming loose mats. Stem leaves concave,
1 × 0.5 mm excluding the piliferous point,
which is 0.5 mm or longer. Specialized asexual reproduction unknown. Sporophytes unknown. Mainly on
shaded rock in humid sites, 0--100 m;
B.C. (restricted to the Queen Charlotte Islands, Haida Gwaii). This species
is closely related to Wijkia tanytricha
(Montagne) H. A. Crum of southeastern Asia, and differs mainly in size
and habitus. Its exclusively
vegetative reproduction indicates a clone that is slowly disseminated,
because sporophytes and specialized vegetative reproduction are lacking. |
