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BFNA Title: Groutiella |
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Groutiella
- Orthotrichaceae 3. Groutiella
H. A. Crum & Steere, Bryologist 53: 145.
1950 * [For Abel Joel Grout, who was especially interested in the
Orthotrichaceae] Dale H.
Vitt Craspedophyllum Grout; Micromitrium Bescherelle Plants dull, in
tomentose mats usually on trees. Stems creeping, with numerous, erect
usually simple branches up to 2 cm high.
Branch leaves contorted and
often spirally twisted around stem, ± undulate when dry, lanceolate to
lingulate, rounded-obtuse and mucronate to gradually narrowed to a linear,
fragile subula, lamina sometimes rugose; margins entire or denticulate,
plane, or broadly reflexed; costa percurrent or excurrent; distal laminal
cells small, rounded-hexagonal, bulging; marginal laminal cells basally
elongate-linear, extending distally 1/4 or more of the leaf or sometimes
nearly to apex as a border, cells near insertion inflated and yellowish. Sexual
condition dioicous and perigonia terminal, or pseudautoicous and dwarf
male plants on leaves and tomentum. Seta to 11 mm. Capsule
fully exserted; oblong-ovate to cylindric, usually smooth or obscurely
plicate when old; stomates superficial; peristome rudimentary, usually
consisting of low, multistratose, papillose membrane; operculum ± convex-conic,
with long rostrum. Calyptra mitrate, plicate, smooth,
naked, covering less that 1/2 of capsule, conic, ± lacerate,
or divided into numerous lobes. Spores isomorphic or anisomorphic. Species
ca. 20 (2 species in the flora); pantropical; Mexico, North America, Central
America, South America, Asia, Africa, Australia. 1. Distal leaves widest distal to midleaf,
ending in long, linear, fragile subula . . . 1. Groutiella tomentosa 1. Distal leaves widest at or distal to
midleaf, apex rounded-obtuse, mucronate, not fragile . . . 2. Groutiella tumidula 1. Groutiella tomentosa (Hornschuch)
Wijk & Margadant, Taxon 9: 51.
1960 Macromitrium
tomentosum Hornschuch in Martius, Fl. Bras. 1(2): 21. 1840 Plants forming
greenish mats. Branch leaves ± undulate, spirally-twisted or
contorted, with distal portions erect when dry, distal leaves erect-spreading
to spreading, proximal leaves spreading to wide-spreading and ± undulate
when moist, lanceolate-oblong to ovate-lanceolate, 1.5--3 mm, narrowed to
long, linear, rigid, fragile subula, proximal leaves often sharply acute;
margins entire distally, denticulate by means of projecting ends of cells
proximally; costa prominent, vanishing in subula, or in proximal leaves often
ending near apex; distal laminal cells 3--6 µm, irregularly-rounded to
elliptic-hexagonal, bulging. Sexual condition dioicous, male
plants similar to female ones. Seta 5--11 mm. Capsule oblong-cylindric to
short-cylindric, 2.2--3.5 mm. Spores 22--32 µm, isomorphic. Trees and
rocks in tropical and subtropical forests; low elevations; Fla.; Mexico (San
Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas); West Indies; Central America; South America; Asia. This species has
leaves narrowed to a rigid, long subula that is often fragile. 2. Groutiella tumidula (Mitten)
Vitt, Bryologist 82: 9. 1979 Macromitrium
tumidulum
Mitten, J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 12: 201.
1869 Plants forming
reddish-brown mats. Branch leaves ± contorted,
spirally twisted around branches, with tips incurved when dry, oblong to
oblong-lingulate, 1--1.8 mm, rounded to obtuse, ending in a short mucro,
longitudinally plicate; margins entire; costa prominent, ending just below or
in the short mucro; distal leaf cells 6--9 µm wide, rounded-hexagonal,
bulging. Sexual condition pseudautoicous, dwarf males on leaves and
tomentum. Seta 3--5 mm. Capsule oblong to oblong-ovate,
1--1.5 mm. Spores 15--22 µm wide, anisomorphic. Rocks
and trees; usually on horizontal branches 1--3 m high; low elevations; Fla.;
Mexico; West Indies; Central America; South America. This
species is distinguished by non-rugose leaves, which have a length-width
ratio of less than 5:1 and by erect branches less than 5 mm high. The apex of
the leaf is mucronate and never strongly apiculate and the leaves are broadly
longitudinally plicate when moist. |
