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BFNA Title: Callicladium |
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CALLICLADIUM -
Hypnaceae XX. CALLICLADIUM H. A. Crum, Bryologist 74:
167. 1971 * [Greek calli,
beautiful, and clad, branch or
shoot] S.
G. Newmaster Plants medium sized, in extensive flat mats,
glossy, green, yellow-green to brownish.
Stems prostrate, irregularly
to subpinnately branched (often horizontal), somewhat complanate, cortical
cells small, thick-walled; rhizoids few, smooth, in clusters just proximal to
leaf insertion; pseudoparaphyllia, foliose few. Stem
and branch leaves similar , erect or erect-spreading, concave, sometimes
secund, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, margins plane, entire, nondecurrent;
costa short, double or occasionally lacking; cells moderately thick-walled,
linear, smooth; basal cells pitted; alar cells enlarged, quadrate to rectangular,
thick-walled, arranged in several differentiated rows of cells in concave,
yellow-brown alar groups. Specialized asexual reproduction lacking. Sexual
condition autoicous. Perichaetial leaves differentiated,
ovate-lanceolate, long-acuminate, smooth.
Seta orange-red, smooth. Capsule suberect or inclined; annulus
slightly differentiated; operculum conic; peristome teeth orange-yellow;
endostome papillose segments broad and keeled, not or narrowly perforated
along the keel. Calyptra
cucullate, smooth. Species 1:
circumtemperate and circumboreal. Callicladium is a monotypic genus distinguished by
the slightly flattened, tapered branches, crowded, concave leaves with a
small double costa, and suberect and only slightly curved capsules. Early associations
with the genus Hypnum were
supported by typical hypnaceous
characters: curved
inclined capsules, terete branches with falcate-secund, and often serrate
leaves. The genus Heterophyllium
has been long associated with but differs from Callicladium in its pinnate branching, and differentiated stem
and branch leaves that are strongly serrate. H. A. Crum (1971) appropriately
chose the name for the new genus Callicladium
to emphasize the distinctively flattened and tapered "pretty
branches." SELECTED REFERENCE: Crum, H. A. 1971. Nomenclatural changes in
the Musci. Bryologist. 74: 165--174. 1. Callicladium haldanianum (Greville) H. A. Crum, Bryologist 74:
167. 1971 Hypnum haldanianum Greville, Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. Stems to 3--8 cm. Leaves 1--2 x 0.5--0.8 mm, crowded,
upturned-homomallous particularly near the ends of branches, scarcely altered
on drying; median cells 55--95 x 5--8 \um.
Seta 1.5--3.2 cm,
flexuose. Capsule 1.7--3 mm, reddish orange-brown, contracted below mouth,
slightly wrinkled when dry. Spores yellow, minutely papillose,
10--18 \um. Common on logs
and stumps in conifer and hardwood forests, occasional at the base of trees,
soil, rock, in forests; low to moderate elevations; B.C., Man., N.B., Nfld. and Labr., N.S., Ont., P.E.I., Que.;
Ariz., Conn., Del., Idaho, Ill., Ind., Iowa, Ky., La., Maine, Md., Mass.,
Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., Mont., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Pa., R.I.,
Vt., Va., W.Va., Wis.; Europe; Asia. Callicladium haldanianum grows in flat or loose extensive mats
that are usually devoid of other species. It is distinguished by its concave
leaves, short double costa, curved nearly erect capsules, and “the short
tapered somewhat flattened branches resemble small swords” (H. A. Crum 1971).
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