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BFNA
Title: Anomobryum |
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XX. ANOMOBRYUM Schimper, Syn.
Musc. Eur., 382. 1860 * [Greek; anomo, lawless, and bryum, a
moss alluding to the somewhat hypnaceous distal laminal cells] John R. Spence Plants
acrocarpous; small, gregarious or in thin mats, pale green to yellow-green. Stems short, 0.5--2.5 cm, weakly to
strongly julaceous, often appearing string-like, not or weakly branched,
stolons absent; rhizoids scarce, micronemata and macronemata absent or
present in clusters on proximal stem. Leaves
imbricate dry, erect when wet, broadly ovate to ovate-lanceolate, flat to concave,
0.3--1.5 mm, basal insertion straight or slightly curved, not decurrent;
margins plane distally, recurved proximally or often plane throughout,
1-stratose, ± nearly smooth, limbidium absent, apex broadly rounded to acute,
sometimes slightly hyaline; costa not reaching apex or very short-excurrent
in a smooth point, transverse section with single stereid band, usually well
developed, guide cells absent; adaxial supracostal cells irregularly to
regularly quadrate or short-rectangular at base; laminal cells distinctly
heterogenous, proximal cells usually quadrate or short-rectangular, 1--2:1,
medial cells generally similar to distal cells, distal cells elongate-hexagonal
to vermicular, 6--10:1, not in rows oblique to the costa, thin- to
thick-walled, walls not pitted, alar cells not differentiated from juxtacostal
cells. Specialized asexual
reproduction by small leafy bulbils in leaf axils. Sexual condition dioicous; perigonia and perichaetia terminal,
leaves the same size as vegetative leaves or typically larger, not forming a
rosette, inner leaves little differentiated. Seta 1, straight to somewhat twisted. Capsule inclined to erect, 2--4 mm, elongate-pyriform, ovate or
cylindric, hypophysis somewhat differentiated, exothecial cells near mouth
quadrate or short-rectangular, thick-walled, reddish, in 1--2 rows, proximal cells
longer, irregularly long-rectangular
with straight or sinuose walls; annulus usually present, revoluble; operculum
weakly convex, short-conic, not rostrate; peristome double, single or rarely
absent, exostome pale yellow or tan, teeth slender lanceolate, trabeculate,
lacking pores along fissural line, endostome hyaline to pale yellow, separate
from exostome, or sometimes adherent or absent, segments present or absent,
basal membrane low to high, cilia present or sometimes absent. Calyptra fugacious, cucullate, small,
smooth. Spores shed singly, not as
tetrads, not germinating in capsule, 8--15 \um, finely papillose, pale tan or
yellow-tan. Species ca. 30 (2 in the flora).
Worldwide. Anomobryum is distributed in temperate to alpine regions of the world, the
species concentrated in the mountains of SELECTED REFERENCES: Andrews,
A. L. 1935. Bryaceae. In: Grout, A. J. Moss flora of 1. Stems weakly and loosely
julaceous; leaves flat to weakly concave, costa variable but in at least some
leaves percurrent to short-excurrent; bulbils sometimes present; capsule
erect or suberect, peristome reduced, cilia absent …………….………………………….… 1. Anomobryum
concinnatum 1. Stems strongly julaceous;
leaves concave, costa typically reaching midleaf or 2/3\x lamina length,
rarely percurrent; bulbils lacking; capsule nodding, peristome perfect
………………...............................………………..……… 2. Anomobryum julaceum 1. Anomobryum concinnatum (Spruce) Lindberg, Öfvers Förh. Kongl.
Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. 18: 277. 1861 Bryum concinnatum Spruce, Musci Pyren.,
121. 1847; Anomobryum julaceum var.
concinnatum (Spruce) J. E. Zetterstatt; A. leptostomoides Schimper Plants in
thin mats or scattered, pale green to yellow-green. Stems 0.5--1.5 cm, brown
to orange, weakly julaceous. Leaves
strongly imbricate dry, broadly ovate or ovate-lanceolate, flat to somewhat
concave, 0.6--1.4 mm, margins smooth, apex broadly acute, not hyaline, costa
percurrent to short-excurrent as smooth point, laminal distal cells elongate-rhomboidal,
40--60 \um, 6:1, thick-walled, not or weakly sinuose. Specialized asexual reproduction of small red-brown leafy bulbils
in axils of leaves. Seta 2--3 cm,
flexuose. Capsule erect or
suberect, red, 1--3 mm,
ovate-cylindric; peristome single, highly reduced, of unknown origin,
segments and cilia lacking. Spores
8--15 \um. Capsules very rare, maturing July--September.
Locally common on acidic seepy or damp soil or soil over rock, often on
ledges; 0--3500 m; Greenland; B.C., N.B., Nfld. & Labr., N.W.T., Que.;
Alaska, Calif., Colo., Maine, Mich., Minn., Mo., Mont., N.Y., N.C., Tenn., Utah,
Va., Wis.; Mexico; Eurasia. Anomobryum concinnatum is a widespread boreal-temperate species identical
to material of the synonym A. leptsostomoides in gametophyte
features. Specimens assigned to the latter
name are few and produce erect capsules with highly reduced peristomes. I have interpreted these as fertile
specimens of A. concinnatum, a name with priority. Because this species is rarely separated
from A. julaceum by other workers, the distributions of the two in 2. Anomobryum julaceum (Schrader ex P. Gaertner, B. Meyer & Schreber)
Schimper, Syn. Musc. Eur., 383. 1860 Bryum julaceum (Schrader ex P.
Gaertner, B. Meyer & Schreber, Oekon. Fl. Wetterau 3(2): 97. 1802; Pohlia
filiformis (Dickson) Andrews Plants in
thin mats or scattered, pale green to yellow-green. Stems 0.5--1.5 cm, brown
to orange, strongly julaceous. Leaves
loosely imbricate dry, broadly ovate or ovate-lanceolate, distinctly concave,
0.6--1.2 mm, margins smooth, apex broadly acute, not hyaline, costa not
reaching apex, laminal distal cells elongate-vermicular, 60--100 \um,
8--10:1, thick-walled, sinuose. Specialized
asexual reproduction absent. Seta
2--3 cm, flexuose. Capsule
inclined to nodding, brown or red-brown, 1--2 mm, ovate-pyriform; peristome
double, exostome pale brown basally, hyaline distally, endostome well
developed, high, segments broadly perforated, cilia 1--3, appendiculate to
nodose. Spores 8--13 \um. Caspules very rare, maturing June--September.
Locally common on acidic seepy or damp soil or soil over rock, often on
ledges; 0--4000 m; Greenland; Alta., B.C., N.W.T., Nunavut, Yukon; Alaska,
Calif., Colo., Conn., Mich., Minn., N.C., N.Y., Pa., Wis.; Mexico; Central America;
South America; Eurasia; Africa; Subantarctic Islands. Anomobryum julaceum is a widespread
boreal-temperate species. Material from southern |
