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BOTANICAL EVALUATION OF THE GOAT ISLAND COMPLEX, NIAGARA FALLS, NEW YORK |
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VEGETATION SAMPLING ANALYSIS RESULTS AND DATA POINT-QUARTER METHODS Relative frequency is not measured with this method. 1) Average diameter of trunks of the species. 2) Maximum diameter of trunks of the species. 3) Average basal area of species. 4) Number of trees per acre, estimate. 5) Relative density being number of plants of a species as a percent of all 6) Relative dominance being basal area of a species as a percent of total GOAT ISLAND CENTRAL WOODLAND June 1, 1986. Avg. No. Avg. Max. bas. trees Rel. Rel. Species diam. diam. area per den. dom. name (in.) (in.) (s.i.) acre (%) (%) --------------------------------------------------------- Acer nigrum 16.1 21.5 5.7 2.6 2.0 0.1 Acer saccharum 12.4 25.0 131.6 98.9 77.5 96.2 Celtis occidentalis 5.8 5.8 0.2 0.7 0.5 0.0 Cornus alternifolia 4.3 4.6 0.2 1.3 1.0 0.0 Fraxinus americana 14.0 23.0 27.8 16.6 13.0 3.4 Ostrya virginiana 8.9 11.2 1.8 2.6 2.0 0.1 Prunus avium 5.2 5.2 0.2 0.6 0.5 0.0 Prunus serotina 16.6 16.6 1.5 0.6 0.5 0.0 Tilia americana 5.3 5.3 0.2 0.6 0.5 0.0 Ulmus americana 20.4 28.0 11.4 3.2 2.5 0.3 Totals: 127.7 100.0 100.1 GOAT ISLAND NORTH SLOPE November 1, 1988. Avg. No. Avg. Max. bas. trees Rel. Rel. Species diam. diam. area per den. dom. name (in.) (in.) (s.i.) acre (%) (%) --------------------------------------------------------------- Acer platanoides 4.44 14.16 5.84 17.9 9.0 6.0 Acer saccharum 12.32 25.15 18.63 69.7 35.0 42.0 Acer saccharinum 3.66 3.66 3.66 0.5 0.0 0.0 Cornus alternifolia 2.55 2.55 2.55 0.5 0.0 0.0 Fagus grandifolia 16.39 16.39 16.39 2.0 1.0 1.0 Fraxinus sp. 6.52 31.19 10.74 55.7 28.0 21.0 Juglans nigra 10.38 14.64 20.77 4.0 2.0 2.0 Lindera benzoin 1.80 1.91 1.80 4.0 2.0 0.0 Morus alba 11.14 11.14 11.14 2.0 1.0 1.0 Ostrya virginiana 8.84 15.60 13.89 17.9 9.0 11.0 Populus deltoides 16.95 16.07 16.95 0.5 0.0 2.0 Prunus cf. avium 11.27 21.01 18.78 4.0 2.0 3.0 Prunus serotina 21.17 23.87 21.17 2.0 1.0 2.0 Prunus virginiana 2.97 4.93 2.97 4.0 2.0 1.0 Quercus prinus v. acum.14.96 14.96 14.96 2.0 1.0 1.0 Rhus typhina 2.31 2.71 2.31 0.5 0.0 0.0 Salix cf. fragilis 24.99 24.99 24.99 0.5 0.0 1.0 Tilia americana 13.05 13.05 13.05 2.0 1.0 1.0 Ulmus rubra 4.24 8.91 5.66 8.0 4.0 3.0 TOTAL 197.7 98.0 98.0 ANALYSIS OF POINT-QUARTER DATA, GOAT ISLAND CENTRAL WOODLAND A. Mean area studied: sums in meters (tree distances from points) Acer saccharum 900.08 Fraxinus americana 120.01 a). Mean distance: 1127.20 Ulmus americana 32.40 200 Cornus alternifolia 6.86 Celtis occidentalis 7.00 = 5.64 meters Tilia americana 2.40 mean distance between trees Acer nigrum 23.05 Ostrya virginiana 22.10 b). Mean area: 5.65 X 5.65 Prunus avium 8.20 Prunus serotina 5.10 = 31.76 square meters mean area sampled TOTAL: 1127.20 meters = 31.76 sq.m x 10.75 = 341.42 square feet = mean area sampled B. Total number of trees per acre: c). 43,560 sq. ft. in one acre 341.42 sq.ft. = 127.58 trees per acre C. Relative density: d). number individuals per species x 100 total individuals all species number of trees/species relative density in percent Acer saccharum 155.00 77.50 Fraxinus (americana) 26.00 13.00 Ulmus americana 5.00 2.50 Cornus alternifolia 2.00 1.00 Celtis occidentalis 1.00 0.50 Tilia americana 1.00 0.50 Acer nigrum 4.00 2.00 Ostrya virginiana 4.00 2.00 Prunus avium 1.00 0.50 Prunus serotina 1.00 0.50 TOTAL: 200.00 TOTAL: 100.00 D. Relative dominance: e). total basal area of the species X 100 total basal area of all species basal area per species (sq. inches) rel. dominance in percent Acer saccharum 1928.15 76.08 Fraxinus americana 363.00 14.32 Ulmus americana 101.80 4.02 Cornus alternifolia 8.60 0.34 Celtis occidentalis 5.80 0.23 Tilia americana 5.30 0.21 Acer nigrum 64.20 2.53 Ostrya virginiana 35.60 1.40 Prunus avium 5.20 0.21 Prunus serotina 16.60 0.66 TOTAL: 2,534.25 sq. inches TOTAL: 100.00 E. Basal area per tree of each species: f). total basal area of each species number of trees of each species average basal area per tree in square inches Acer saccharum 12.44 Fraxinus americana 13.98 Ulmus americana 20.36 Cornus alternifolia 4.30 Celtis occidentalis 5.80 Tilia americana 5.30 Acer nigrum 16.05 Ostrya virginiana 8.90 Prunus avium 5.20 Prunus serotina 16.60 F. Absolute values of density per species per unit area. g). Relative density x 127.58 trees per acre. trees per acre Acer saccharum 98.88 Fraxinus americana 16.59 Ulmus americana 3.19 Cornus alternifolia 1.27 Celtis occidentalis 0.64 Tilia americana 0.64 Acer nigrum 2.55 Ostrya virginiana 2.55 Prunus avium 0.64 Prunus serotina 0.64 G. Absolute values of dominance per species per unit area. h). Relative dominance x total basal area (2534.25 sq.in) square inches Acer saccharum 1926.00 Fraxinus americana 345.70 Ulmus americana 101.37 Cornus alternifolia 7.60 Celtis occidentalis 5.07 Tilia americana 5.07 Acer nigrum 63.36 Ostrya virginiana 35.48 Prunus avium 5.07 Prunus serotina 17.74 GOAT ISLAND CENTRAL WOODLAND, POINT QUARTER METHOD JUNE 1, 1986 Data A. saccharum F. americana U. americana A. nigrum m in m in m in m in 2.60 11.10 4.80 14.20 3.60 16.80 7.30 13.40 4.90 5.80 4.00 11.00 7.70 19.40 4.00 15.30 4.60 11.70 8.70 23.00 4.50 23.00 2.75 14.00 3.25 6.30 1.10 4.20 9.80 28.00 9.00 21.50 2.60 5.60 3.60 20.10 6.80 14.60 7.10 14.20 9.20 21.60 O. virginiana 4.10 4.80 5.04 19.30 C. alternifolia m in 4.00 13.80 3.15 8.80 m in 8.45 6.70 3.20 6.10 5.00 11.30 3.10 4.60 4.75 7.00 11.25 13.30 2.00 12.40 3.76 4.00 8.20 11.20 3.90 6.30 2.70 15.50 .70 10.70 5.10 15.60 6.90 16.70 C. occidentalis 5.80 6.45 9.30 13.70 m in P. avium 7.95 9.00 7.40 17.20 7.00 5.80 m in 5.15 16.50 5.60 10.50 8.20 5.20 4.20 5.70 5.40 8.70 T. americana 7.20 11.10 2.15 10.00 m in P. serotina 8.45 5.10 3.37 14.20 2.40 5.30 m in 5.80 5.10 5.10 15.40 5.10 16.60 9.20 18.40 6.40 21.80 8.65 15.30 4.50 18.70 8.30 16.30 2.30 4.00 3.40 10.70 5.30 4.00 7.45 18.00 3.50 8.70 8.50 14.20 2.10 18.00 8.70 13.70 1.40 20.00 9.80 14.10 9.40 16.40 2.55 12.30 2.85 5.30 3.90 20.40 6.55 20.30 10.00 5.70 6.30 13.50 5.30 16.40 5.26 14.10 4.50 18.30 6.45 11.50 10.10 18.70 6.00 17.80 8.90 12.40 11.90 20.80 6.70 21.20 7.58 16.10 3.10 11.60 2.90 17.70 6.35 13.90 9.00 21.00 8.00 8.60 4.70 9.20 1.20 7.40 7.10 11.70 7.10 17.90 8.70 12.70 4.40 9.60 1.40 10.80 5.30 17.80 1.00 5.60 3.10 15.70 3.45 9.00 7.60 10.70 3.40 16.90 5.45 8.60 3.24 5.20 7.40 11.40 3.50 10.00 3.25 9.50 3.00 9.00 8.30 7.40 .70 7.80 8.20 16.50 10.20 17.50 7.50 11.70 5.30 19.30 4.15 4.00 6.70 7.00 7.40 5.40 10.30 15.80 4.10 11.90 2.40 14.00 10.00 10.00 4.00 18.50 6.40 13.00 1.60 16.50 4.10 14.00 3.20 12.20 1.45 4.80 6.30 23.50 8.40 11.30 13.50 17.20 5.20 9.60 2.00 12.00 4.50 8.50 4.50 5.20 9.40 7.90 6.40 12.60 5.50 6.50 1.15 7.60 5.00 10.00 8.30 13.70 8.80 10.60 6.20 15.50 11.30 19.00 3.20 10.30 7.70 16.10 4.25 5.20 7.70 7.00 4.00 20.00 4.00 14.10 7.00 14.00 1.60 14.00 10.15 13.70 4.90 7.00 6.40 8.30 5.50 7.00 5.10 4.00 1.70 10.80 7.00 4.50 7.80 19.00 8.20 12.70 8.60 19.30 4.60 16.30 4.10 15.50 3.50 8.00 10.70 21.60 4.60 7.80 7.70 15.60 4.80 9.70 5.60 9.00 5.20 21.80 11.30 25.00 1.40 16.40 1.80 5.00 1.55 9.40 10.00 16.00 2.20 8.50 4.85 12.50 1.70 16.00 6.20 14.70 10.00 17.30 4.00 13.40 2.00 14.00 10.70 10.30 1.00 21.70 6.70 20.50 11.00 19.60 12.50 13.00 5.50 11.80 3.10 9.30 2.25 11.30 7.90 12.10 8.70 13.50 2.00 8.60 5.65 11.00 5.00 10.00 SUMS AVERAGES COUNT MAX m in m in in A. saccharum 900.08 1928.15 5.81 12.44 155.00 25.00 F. americana 120.01 363.00 4.62 13.96 26.00 23.00 U. americana 32.40 101.80 6.48 20.36 5.00 28.00 C. alternifolia 6.86 8.60 3.43 4.30 2.00 4.60 C. occidentalis 7.00 5.80 7.00 5.80 1.00 5.80 T. americana 2.40 5.30 2.40 5.30 1.00 5.30 A. nigrum 23.05 64.20 5.76 16.05 4.00 21.50 O. virginiana 22.10 35.60 5.52 8.90 4.00 11.20 P. avium 8.20 5.20 8.20 5.20 1.00 5.20 P. serotina 5.10 16.60 5.10 16.60 1.00 16.60 TOTAL 1127.20 2534.25 200.00 Mean distance in m (all distances/total no. distances) 5.64 m Avg. area sampled/tree in square m (mean dist. squ.) 31.76 sq. m Total no. trees/acre (43,560 sq.ft./avg. area samp.) 60.63 trees Total area sampled (Avg. area samp. x no. trees samp) 6352.00 sq. m Total area samp. in acres (6352.00 squ.m/4033.33 squ.m) 1.58 acres Rel.den. Rel.dom. Bas.ar/tr Den. Dom. A. saccharum 77.50 76.08 12.44 46.99 584.52 F. americana 13.00 14.32 13.96 7.88 110.04 U. americana 2.50 4.02 20.36 1.52 30.86 C. alternifolia 1.00 .34 4.30 .61 2.61 C. occidentalis .50 .23 5.80 .30 1.76 T. americana .50 .21 5.30 .30 1.61 A. nigrum 2.00 2.53 16.05 1.21 19.46 O. virginiana 2.00 1.40 8.90 1.21 10.79 P. avium .50 .21 5.20 .30 1.58 P. serotina .50 .66 16.60 .30 5.03 TOTAL 100.00 100.00 Density: per species no. trees/acre Dominance: per species total bas. ar/acre QUADRAT STUDIES 1) Number of occurrences in a quadrat, out of 50 quadrats sampled. 2) Total number of plants in all quadrats. 3) Coverage, as a percent of all quadrat area sampled. 4) Relative frequency of occurrence in a quadrat, as a percent of sum of all frequencies recorded. 5) Relative density being number of plants of a species as a percent of all plants recorded. 6) Relative dominance being coverage of a species as a percent of total coverage of all plants recorded. 7) Importance value being the sum of relative frequency, relative density and relative dominance; maximum is 300, overrun is due to rounding up to 1 percent of values less than 0.5 percent. GOAT ISLAND FALL GROUNDCOVER No. quad. Rel. Rel. Rel. Species occ. Total Cover Fre. Den. Dom. Imp. name (/50) count (%) (%) (%) (%) Val. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Acer saccharum 19 84 4.24 16 9 10 35 Alliaria officinalis 2 44 0.60 2 5 1 8 Carya tomentosa 1 1 0.20 1 1 1 3 Circaea quadrisulcata 2 67 1.10 2 7 3 12 Cornus alternifolia 3 5 0.42 3 1 1 5 Eupatorium rugosum 2 86 2.00 2 9 5 16 Fraxinus sp. 9 66 4.02 7 7 9 23 Glecoma hederacea 5 213 2.78 4 22 6 32 Menispermum canadense 1 25 1.60 1 3 4 8 Parthenocissus quinquefolia 19 120 11.28 16 12 26 54 Prunus sp. 7 13 0.96 6 1 2 9 Rhus radicans 19 104 5.84 16 10 14 40 Ribes sp. 7 42 1.92 6 4 5 15 Rubus odoratus 1 4 0.60 1 1 1 3 Smilacina racemosa 2 3 0.12 2 1 1 4 Smilacina stellata 11 58 2.08 9 6 5 20 Solidago canadensis 1 1 0.08 1 1 1 3 Trillium grandiflorum 1 1 0.08 1 1 1 3 Vitis riparia 9 25 2.88 7 6 7 20 TOTAL: 121 962 42.80 103 107 103 313 GOAT ISLAND SPRING GROUNDCOVER No. quad. Rel. Rel. Rel. Species occ. Total Cover Fre. Den. Dom. Imp. name (/50) count (%) (%) (%) (%) Val. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Smilacina stellata 13 142 4.2 8 7 14 29 Smilacina racemosa 1 4 0.2 1 1 1 3 Dentaria laciniata 22 549 5.9 14 26 19 59 Prunus virginiana 11 29 0.7 7 1 2 10 Circaea quadrisulcata 9 287 2.4 6 14 8 28 Alliaria officinalis 13 492 6.6 8 23 21 52 Gramineae 1 10 0.2 1 1 1 3 Parthenocissus quinquifolia 19 141 2.0 12 7 7 26 Cornus alternifolia 7 14 0.6 4 1 2 7 Dicentra cucullaria 1 3 0.1 1 1 1 3 Podophyllum peltatum 1 4 0.2 1 1 1 3 Ribes sp. 11 63 1.5 7 3 5 15 Acer saccharum 19 50 1.6 12 2 5 19 Erythronium americanum 16 282 3.2 10 13 10 33 Trillium grandiflorum 3 12 0.6 2 1 2 5 Fraxinus americana 6 13 0.3 4 1 1 6 Rhus radicans 7 26 0.5 4 1 2 7 Acer negundo 1 1 0.1 1 1 1 3 TOTAL 161 2122 30.9 103 105 103 311 QUADRAT STUDY Data Goat Island Woods: low vegetation. August 18, 1986 NUMBER OF STEMS COUNTED PER SQUARE METER A = Circaea quadrisulcata B = Vitis riparia C = Eupatorium rugosum D = Parthenocissus quinquefolia E = Rhus radicans F = Trillium grandiflorum G = Acer saccharum H = Solidago canadensis I = Smilacina racemosa J = Smilacina stellata K = Fraxinus sp. L = Rubus odoratus M = Ribes sp. N = Glecoma hederacea O = Prunus sp. P = Cornus alternifolia Q = Alliaria officinalis R = Menispermum canadensis S = Carya tomentosa A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S 1 0 8 10 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 76 4 0 1 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 10 0 0 5 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 1 0 5 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 35 1 0 4 0 0 9 0 1 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 6 0 6 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 1 0 10 0 0 1 0 0 6 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 1 0 10 0 0 4 0 0 5 10 0 3 18 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 2 0 18 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 35 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 2 0 0 0 0 11 0 2 0 0 3 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 24 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 2 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 14 8 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 1 0 0 0 15 0 0 0 5 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 16 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 0 0 0 0 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 24 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 26 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 27 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 28 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 29 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 30 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 31 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 22 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 32 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 33 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 34 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 35 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 36 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 37 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 39 0 3 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 40 0 0 0 0 3 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 41 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 42 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 43 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50 0 0 0 0 0 44 0 0 0 6 0 0 21 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 0 45 0 0 0 12 6 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 46 0 0 0 0 7 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 47 0 0 0 0 14 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 48 0 0 0 0 6 0 3 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 49 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 24 25 0 50 0 0 0 12 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 SU 67 25 86 120 104 1 84 1 3 58 66 4 42 213 13 5 44 25 1 AV 1.3 .5 .7 2.4 2.1 .1 1.7 .1 .1 1.2 1.3 .1 .9 4.3 .3 .1 .9 .5 .1 QUADRAT STUDY Data Goat Island Woods: low vegetation. August 18, 1986 PERCENTAGE OF AREA SHADED PER SQUARE METER (letters refer to species names given above) A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S 1 0 30 20 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 80 4 0 4 5 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 50 0 0 20 0 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 60 0 30 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 40 9 0 10 0 0 20 0 1 9 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 20 0 35 0 0 4 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 5 0 80 0 0 10 0 0 5 0 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 1 0 40 0 0 4 0 0 10 30 0 20 5 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 4 0 80 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 9 0 0 0 0 11 0 5 0 0 10 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 10 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 4 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 80 0 0 0 0 0 14 5 0 0 70 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 1 0 0 0 15 0 0 0 15 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 16 0 0 0 0 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 40 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 60 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 24 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 26 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 27 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 28 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 29 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 30 0 0 0 0 15 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 31 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 40 45 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 32 0 0 0 0 4 0 4 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 33 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 34 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 35 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 36 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 37 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 39 0 10 0 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 40 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 40 0 0 0 0 5 0 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 41 0 0 0 0 50 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 42 0 0 0 0 4 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 43 0 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 40 0 0 0 0 0 44 0 0 0 10 0 0 40 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 0 45 0 0 0 40 10 0 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 46 0 0 0 0 35 0 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 47 0 0 0 0 50 0 1 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 48 0 0 0 0 15 0 10 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 49 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 80 0 50 0 0 0 40 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 SU 55 144 100 564 292 4 212 4 6 104 201 30 96 139 48 21 30 80 10 AV1.1 2.9 2.011.3 5.8 .1 4.2 .1 .1 2.1 4.1 .6 1.9 2.8 1.0 .4 .6 1.6 .2 QUADRAT STUDY Data Goat Island Woods: ground cover, Spring, May 9, 1988 NUMBERS A = Smilacina stellata B = Smilacina racemosa C = Dentaria laciniata D = Prunus virginiana E = Circaea quadrisulcata F = Alliaria officinalis G = Gramineae H = Parthenocissus quinquefolia I = Cornus alternifolia J = Dicentra cucullaria K = Podophyllum peltatum L = Ribes sp. M = Acer saccharum N = Erythronium americanum O = Trillium grandiflorum P = Fraxinus americana Q = Rhus radicans R = Acer negundo A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 3 0 6 3 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 85 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 14 0 0 12 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 16 0 0 0 0 0 150 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 0 0 3 0 0 54 0 35 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 9 0 0 0 10 1 0 0 0 0 0 19 0 0 0 1 90 50 0 1 0 0 0 3 3 0 2 0 0 0 20 0 0 16 0 0 26 0 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 21 12 0 0 0 14 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 14 0 1 0 0 22 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 4 0 0 1 3 0 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 24 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 25 0 0 0 0 0 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 26 5 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 5 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 27 5 0 30 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 2 3 0 0 5 0 28 0 0 3 0 8 1 0 6 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 1 0 29 0 0 9 0 27 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 0 0 0 0 30 32 0 110 0 7 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 10 0 0 0 1 31 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 3 0 32 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 2 3 1 5 0 0 33 25 0 9 5 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 2 10 0 0 0 0 34 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 3 16 0 0 0 0 35 4 4 25 3 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 5 6 80 9 0 0 0 36 13 0 50 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 30 0 0 0 0 37 5 0 70 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 50 0 1 0 0 38 0 0 0 0 0 30 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 19 0 0 0 0 39 0 0 3 0 0 100 0 0 1 0 0 0 5 12 0 0 0 0 40 0 0 33 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 41 12 0 0 0 0 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 3 0 42 6 0 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 43 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 44 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 45 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 46 0 0 0 0 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 3 0 47 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 48 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 49 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 50 0 0 60 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 SUM 142 4 549 29 287 492 10 141 14 3 4 63 50 282 12 13 26 1 AVG 2.8 .1 11 .6 5.7 9.9 .2 9.8 .3 .1 .1 1.3 1 5.6 .2 .3 .5 .1 CNT 13 1 22 11 9 13 1 19 7 1 1 11 19 16 3 6 7 1 Goat Island Woods: ground cover, Spring, May 9, 1986 PERCENTAGES (letters refer to species names given above) A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 10 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 14 0 0 4 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 16 0 0 0 0 0 60 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 0 0 1 0 0 20 0 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 5 0 0 0 9 1 0 0 0 0 0 19 0 0 0 1 20 45 0 5 0 0 0 3 4 0 20 0 0 0 20 0 0 10 0 0 15 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 21 20 0 0 0 4 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 9 0 2 0 0 22 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 3 0 0 1 2 0 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 24 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 2 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 25 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 26 5 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 10 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 27 10 0 25 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 2 3 0 0 4 0 28 0 0 4 0 5 1 0 5 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 1 0 29 0 0 9 0 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 &n |