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P. M. Eckel Res Botanica http://www.mobot.org/plantscience/resbot/1Bryo.htm August 17, 2007 |
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P. M. Eckel, Research Fellow, Division of Botany, Buffalo Museum of Science, Buffalo, New York 14211 U.S.A. (Presently: Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166-0299; email: patricia.eckel@mobot.org This list of
specimens by county for the moss flora of the state of I would like to
thank Bonnie Heidel of the Back in the Old
Days, I was generously encouraged by Mason Hale. Harold Robinson kindly
arranged for the loan of specimens from the Smithsonian Institution. Ron
Hartman and B. E. Nelson also encouraged and loaned specimens from the R. H. Zander always
provided guidance while Curator of the All errors are most
decidedly my own. I put this information online to provide label data and
resource locales for the various species. This list includes taxa that were
problematic from the literature and other sources and should not be discarded
- no time was available to analyze the data. The notes I took on the various
species may or may not be useful. If time does not prevent it, I would enjoy,
in the future, adding to this list from a backlog of specimens I have
collected in the State at various times during the past two decades and
perhaps also to attend to some of the issues raised in earlier publications. P. M. Eckel Note: This publication may be cited as: Eckel, P. M. 2007. Collectors for the present text: Eckel, P. M. Hartman, R. Hermann, F. J. Nelson, B. E. Odasz, A. Porter, C. L. Rolston, H., III Spence, J. R. Weber, W. A. Abietinella abietina (Hedw.) Fleisch. Abietinella abietina (Hedw.) Fleisch. Hypnum abietinum Hedw. Thuidium abietinum (Hedw.) B.S.G.. Hawk’s Ranch, Colorado-Wyoming State line, Albany County (Aven Nelson, in 1930); Tower Falls, Yellowstone National Park (collector unknown), Porter, 1935. JOHNSON CO.: Big Amblyodon dealbatus (Hedw.) Bruch & Schimp. in B.S.G. Springy and boggy places, in the Ferris Mountains, Carbon Co. (Elias Nelson, 4976), Porter, 1935. PARK CO.: south slope of Bear Tooth Butte, Aug. 23, 1953,
c.fr., Amblystegium noterophilum (Sull. & Lesq. in Sull.) Holz. = Hygroamblystegium noterophilum (Sull. & Lesq. in Sull.) Warnst. ?Amblystegium porphyrrhizon Schimp. = A. juratzkanum var. serotinum (Lindb.) Wijk et Marg. (Podpr. Consp. 566). nothing in 1990. Amblystegium riparium (Hedw.) Schimp. = Leptodictyum riparium (Hedw.) Warnst. Amblystegium serpens (Hedw.) Schimp. in B.S.G. var. serpens ALBANY CO: “Laramie Hills” Aven Nelson 1929 (RM); Medicine Bow Mts., Medicine Bow National Forest, Barber Lake Picnic Area, 2.5 air miles NW of Centennial, Pinus contorta forest along Libby Creek, 2660 msm, Buck 23189 (NY), with Campylium hispidulum, Cirriphyllum cirrosum, associated with rotten wood; NW base Sheep Mtn. along WY Rte. 11, ca. 4 mi ESE of Centennial, 7,700-7,800 ft, fen with low forest of Populus, Betula, Salix in shallow water, a “hanging bog” on steep hillside. Wet rotting log, W. D. Reese 18173 (LAF, BUF) June 7, 1993. PARK CO.: wet marly substrate, in calcareous fen at base of Cathedral Cliffs, 2 mi E of Crandall Ranger Station, 6,600 ft, J. C. Elliott 1738 (BUF), Aug. 12, 1990. var. juratzkanum (Schimp.) Rau & Herv. Amblystegium juratzkanum Schimp. [checklist 1990] ALBANY CO.: 8,000 ft., C. L. Porter 1541 (RM). CARBON CO.:
Ferris Mts. Elias Nelson 4979 (RM) July 25, 1898. FREMONT CO.: 8600 ft., F.
J. Hermann 25307 (RM). Platydictya [costae not evident or very short], Platygyrium [costa short and double], and Pterigynandrum [costa short and double), Pylaisiella [costae short and double]: Amblystegium serpens and varieties and variations always have a costa strong to at least the middle of the leaf. Especially gracile forms may be misleading. Amblystegium tenax (Hedw.) C. Jens. = Hygroamblystegium tenax (Hedw.) Jenn. Amblystegium trichopodium (Schultz) Hartm. = Leptodictyum humile (P. Beauv.) Ochyra Amblystegium varium (Hedw.) Lindb. Ferris Mts., Carbon Co. (Aven Nelson, 4979), Porter, 1935. ALBANY CO.: 8500 ft., F. J. Hermann 17776 (RM); Medicine Bow Mts, Medicine Bow National Foreset, Barber Lake Picnic Area, 2.5 air mi NW of Centennial, Pinus contorta forest along Libby Creek, Buck 23205 (NY). The Hermann specimen has decidedly serrate margins and somewhat inflated alar cells. The Buck specimen has serrate margins, especially at the base, evidence of channeling in the acumen but with marvelously inflated excavate basal cells! Amphidium lapponicum (Hedw.) Schimp. SUBLETTE CO.: 10,348 ft., Holmes Rolson III 85117 (CS). Anacolia menziesii (Turn.)
Bartramia menziesii Turn. In 1990 checklist there is a var. baueri (Hampe) Flow. Andreaea rupestris Hedw. Andreaea petrophila Fuernr. Atrichum selwynii Aust. In all states and provinces of the P.N.; TETON CO.: 7000’, Hermann 25548 (RM, US-two specimens). Atrichum undulatum (Hedw.) P. Beauv. Polytrichum undulatum Hedw. Teton Co., Spence 1985 Aulacomnium androgynum (Hedw.) Schwaegr. CROOK CO.: Black Hills: The difference between this and the next is this plant is smaller, naturally the leaves shorter, they are not twisted and contorted as in the next. The cells at the base are not differentiated into large, hyaline to yellow cells, nor are they brown. The basal cells here are just like the laminal cells. If the propaguliferous stalks (pseudopodia) are present, they are naked of leaves or bracts and the propagula are clustered into a globose head. Aulacomnium palustre (Hedw.) Schwaegr. Gymnocybe palustris (Hedw.) Fries, nom. rejic. Mnium palustre Hedw. Mnium papillosum C. Muell. Sphaerocephalus palustris (Hedw.) Lindb. Aulacomnium
papillosum L. & J. Centennial, ALBANY CO.: A. Nelson 7820 (RM); A. Nelson 8899 (RM);
Medicine Bow Mts., in woodland bogs, 8-10000 ft., Nelson 7820 (id’d by Holzinger
as A. androg.) ( When the propagula are gone, frequently the far distal end of the pseudopodium has tiny dark-brown points where the propagula were once attached and the “receptacle” is elongate. The “receptacle” of A. androgynum, when the propagulae are gone, is sharply and distinctly spherical. If they extend down a ways from the pseudopodium, this should indicate you are dealing with A. palustre, since its propagula are not confined to the tips. Examination of the leaf basal cells should confirm this. If the large cells are not there, they were probably left on the stem when the leaf was removed. Barbula convoluta Hedw. var. convoluta ALBANY CO.: F.J. Hermann 17775 1\2, 8500 ft., (RM). There is a var. gallinula Zand. Barbula unguiculata Hedw. Rochelle Hills, Campbell Co., ALBANY CO.: along Roger Canyon in the Laramie Mtns, 7 mi. due NE of Laramie city centr, Artemesia scrub vegetation, limestone cliffs and outcrops, 7,600 ft., soil below edge of limestone boulder, W. D. Reese 18149 (BUF, LAF) June 7, 1993. A specimen from Rochelle Hills, Campbell Co. from MO was redetermined to be Bryoerythrophyllum recurvirostrum (q.v.) (Weber, 5-8 June, 1975). Bartramia ithyphylla Brid. Brooklyn Lake, Albany Co. (Elias Nelson, 5177), Porter, 1937. Teton Co., Spence 1985. ALBANY CO., Hermann 17715, (RM), 10,800 ft. c.fr. Aug. 3,
l962. CARBON CO.: c.fr. Aug.6, l962, 9000’, Hermann 17800 (RM). SUBLETTE CO.:
Bridger Wilderness, Wind River Range 14/viii/1989 Barnes Lake, 9747 ft.
elev., 42°57’30”N, 109°36’W. Mineralized seeps at south end of lake, with Mnium thomsonii Schimp. Blindia acuta (Hedw.) Bruch & Schimp. in B.S.G. PARK CO. 3200 msm, W. A. Weber, B-44312 (RM, COLO). SUBLETTE CO.: above Upper Twin Lake, vicinity Pass Lake, Highline Trail between Summit Lake and Peak Lake, Jim Bridger Wilderness, Wind River Mts., 10,348 ft. Holmes Rolston III 84134 (BUF, CS). Brachymenium vinosulum Cardot HOT SPRINGS. Thermopolis, BRACHYTHECIUM When taking leaves off the stem, care must be made to
preserve or note decurrencies (in many spp.: B. frigidum, B. albicans, B. rutabulum, B. reflexum, etc.). Alar
cells are best seen in OLD LEAVES ( Note that the falcate types are: B. leibergii (rough seta, autoicous, regularly pinnate, SMOOTH to SERRULATE, esp. in branch leaves); large 1.8 - 2.6 mm. PLICATE. The pinnate character is probably decisive; when Lawton p. 293 says “The branching is usually more regularly pinnate than in any of the species which might be confused with it” one could imagine the following taxa (looking at Lawton’s descriptions, only B. asperrimum might be subpinnate, and Crum & Anderson indicate B. reflexum is (p. 1035) - note they also indicate the leaves are slightly homomallous in the branches: the costa is percurrent). B. erythrorrhizon (smooth seta, irregular branching, dioicous, leaves 1.5 - 2.0 mm, branch leaves without spines at costa end) PLICATE, leaf margins ENTIRE “dioicous inflorescences and smooth setae, and the broad leaves are plicate and falcate with serrations at the tips” C & A p. 1032. B. velutinum (smooth seta, irregular branching, autoicous, small: 1 - 1.8 mm leaves, costa with spines at tips, leaf margins SERRULATE (perhaps as in B. collinum, cf. Weber). NOT or slightly PLICATE. [Note Flowers indicates B. frigidum and B. asperrimum (now lumped) can be falcate to straight, are dioicous, deltoid-ovate, sometimes with auricles, usu. a row of more or less inflated cells across the base attaching the leaf to the stem.] BRACHYTHECIUM is divided into generally three groups (Flowers p. 422). A. B. collinum group (fendleri, delicatulum, suberythrorrhizon (=velutinum var. venustum), erythrorrhizon) B. B. salebrosum (flexicaule, albicans, campestre, oxycladum) C. B. rivulare (lamprochryseum & asperrimum = frigidum), nelsonii, starkei) A. B. C. Small Bigger Biggest autoicous autoicous dioicous smooth setae smooth papillose rough dry wet, damp wet, damp inflated basal cells suberect capsules horizontal Note that both Br. starkei var. explanatum (curtum) and Br. rutabulum are autoicous-monoicous! Both are serrate, both abruptly narrowed with twisted apices, neither much plicate, both with rough setae, both with long median cells (60-110 µm, stark; 60-90 µm, rutab) Leaf cells broader (9-12 µm), alar cells abundant, leaves long-decurrent, seta less strongly roughened, usually smooth at base, cilia of endostome appendiculate... Br. curtum (starkei var. explanatum). Costa slender, about 5/6 the leaf length, minutely toothed at back above and usually ending in a small dorsal tooth - a serrulate midrib. Leaf cells narrower (7-9 µm), relatively fewer alar cells, not much decurrent, seta rough throughout, cilia of endostome nodose....Br. rutabulum. Costa very slender, about 2/3 - 3/4 the leaf length, smooth at back and only rarely projecting as a minute and inconspicuous dorsal spine! [reference slide of B. rutabulum looks like base is rounded before decurrencies start - starkei may be straighter down. This slide shows no serrations] B. nelsonii, rivulare, starkei dioicous, with oval/oblong (vs. quadrate) thin-walled (vs. firm) INFLATED cells, excavate [perhaps esp. in old leaves] B. nelsonii triangular-ovate, slenderly long-acuminate ENTIRE Weber says close to starkei and sterile spms not easy to sep. triangular ovate narrowly acuminate strongly excavate alar cells + 1/2 cross leaf flattish above. B. rivulare abruptly acute or shortly acuminate DENTICULATE Weber says non are deeply concave ovate/broadly ovate-lanceolate broad near apex concave like the bowl of a spoon [Weber says not] cells rarely + 1/2 way across may not be excavate but gradual. ] B. starkii seta rough or smooth below (W) autoicous. numerous alar cells moderatey enlarge and more or less quadrate WITH WALLS FIRM, like B. nelsonii but monoicous (Flowers). Brachythecium acutum (Mitt.) Sull. Amblystegium riparium var. serratum Ren. & Card. Hypnum acutum Mitt. Albany Co. (Porter 559; 747; 753; 783); Teton Co. (Porter 1159 & 1163), Porter 1934. ALBANY CO.: This specimen corresponds very well with Grout's description except for the plications: the plants were “somewhat complanate” the leaves ending in long apices that are gradually developed, the color is “glossy-green to yellowish-green”. It is rather critical to note that the plants were autoicous. [Not in Brachythecium albicans (Hedw.) Schimp. in B.S.G.. Brachythecium pseudoalbicans Kindb. in Macoun. Hypnum albicans Hedw. Mammoth, Old Faithful, and Lake, Separate from B.
erythrorhizon (which is falcate) by the entire margins of branch leaves
(serrate in B. erythro.) The leaf
apices are strikingly long-filiform in Crum & Anderson Exsiccat NO.783,
although only slenderly acuminate (Crum & Anderson p. 1025). Stem leaves
are strongly plicate and have long rather broad decurrencies. Concave at the
base. “Older stem leaves with quadrate to laxly rectangular alar cells ...
Base of stem leaves extending straight into decurrencies [vs. being rounded
before extending]; alar region composed of distinct columns of quadrate cells
between leaf margins and plicae and extending into the decurrencies:
dioicous” McFarland in Sharp et al. Crum & Anderson note that albicans is
“rather broadly decurrent; alar cells lax and somewhat enlarged.” Note the
stems are supposed to be terete to julaceous - imbricate when dry. In the
exsiccat specimen the lax quadrate cells collapsed under Hoyer's solution.
Color: pale yellow (exsiccat). Flowers and Brachythecium asperrimum (Mitt.) Sull. = B. fridigum (C. Muell.) Besch. in Anderson et al. 1990] Brachythecium calcareum Kindb. (As B. flexicaule) A specimen of Dwight C. Smiley's at YELLO (no. 27)
determined as B. flexicaule, “moist
stream bank, mouth of Clematis Gulch” is a sterile, depauperate Brachythecium. A row of inflated basal
cells attaching leaves to the stem seen on old leaves indicates this specimen
is Brachythecium frigidum. p. 1044
Crum & Anderson cannot sort out conflicting nomenclatural attributions in
a discussion sub B. salebrosum. = B. calcareum Kindb. sec. Crum et al.
l973. [not in Brachythecium collinum (Schleich. ex C.Muell.) Schimp. in B.S.G.. Hypnum collinum C. Muell. Hypnum hillebrandii Lesq. ALBANY CO.: Laramie Mtns., Roger Canyon, ca. 8 air miles NE of Laramie, 2400 msm, limestone outcrops with Cercocarpus montanus, Buck 23168 (NY); S bank of Little Brooklyn Lake, Medicine Bow Mtns, 10,300 ft. Eleanor Schriever 14 (RM), June 30, 1949; Medicine Bow Mountains, Barber Lake Picnic area, 2.5 air
miles NW of Centennial, along Libby Creek, elev. 8720-8740 ft., Pinus contorta forest along stream, on
soil, N.G. Miller 10,256 (NYS) June 7, 1993. FREMONT CO.: Bridger-Teton
National Forest on US26 & US287, between Moran & Dubois, ca. 9000’,
alpine meadow, much herbage, wet with flowing streams, soil between granite
boulders, N slope knoll, c.fr. July 6, 1985, Eckel 94081301 (BUF, RM).
JOHNSON CO., PM Eckel 14886. PARK CO.: Bear tooth Plateau, Cooke City to Red
Lodge Hwy; Picea forest with Pinus flexiils and contorta, Vaccinium scoparium forest
floor; in duff on forest floor, Weber B-44220 (COLO, RM) [id. as B. velut. var. venust., growing on wood: shade form.] TETON CO.: E boundary of
Tateon Co., Continental Divide, Tworoger Pass, 9000 ft., on ground, T. C.
Frye June 22, 1931 (RM). Leaves have distinctively sharp serrations from apex to especially the quadrate cells in the basal angles. The leaf cells appear to be short, almost like Amblystegium, especially in the apex. Note the leaves are decurrent: care must be taken when removing the leaves. Like Pseudoleskeella tectorum [which has none to variable costae in the leaves], although the julaceous form in drier habitats is perhaps more readily come to hand, one must be careful of the shade forms, too: the costa is single and strong enough to separate from Ps. tectorum (with has generally entire margins, seldom fruits and has short cells as in Amblystegium]. B. collinum fruits in July. This species is separate from B. velutinum var. venustum by the smooth setae (although see Flowers who indicates scattered papillae), but more importantly the broadly ovate-lanceolate character of the leaves with their abrupt acumination. Flowers also indicates that the B. velutinum var. venustum has “perichaetial leaves slenderly-long acuminate, often hairlike” which B. collinum does not have, the variety also has narrower leaves overall. The shade form of B. collinum is not particularly concave in leaves on the slide, although they appear this way on the stem. Brachythecium collinum may be more associated with humus and litter, rotten wood than var. venustum which seems to prefer soil and rock. Note that Weber’s thought that B. collinum and B. velutinum may be variants of one another seems credible. Note somewhat julaceous habit of B. fendleri that may be confused with this species. B. fendleri has distinctive upright fruit. Collinum is abruptly acuminate, while B. fendleri is “gradually to narrowly acuminate, sometimes very slenderly so” Flowers p. 430. Note form Eurhynchium pulchelum fo. praecox is also julaceous and resembles Brachythecium collinum by the coarse serrations. The latter, however, has cells in the apices of all leaves that are elongate (greater than 2: 1). Eurhynchium pulchellum is more broadly deltoid at the leaf base, B. collinum more ovate-lanceolate. The obtuse to broadly acute apices of the branch leaves, with apical cells short [1: 1 to 2: 1] are more characteristic of E. pulchellum. Brachythecium erythrorrhizon Schimp. in B.S.G.. ALBANY CO.: “growing along rotten log on moist soil.
Common,” R. Lichvar, 1347a (RM); carpeting floor of spruce forest, Little
Brooklyn lake, 10,400 ft., Medicine Bow Mtns, 7 miles NW of Centennial,
Hermann 26721a (RM) [sterile, but leaves gently falcate in places on stem,
plicate, entire margins, plicate, etc., rhizoids sparse); Medicine Bow
Mountains, Barber Lake Picnic Area, 2.5 air miles NW of Centennial, along
Libby Creek, 8720-8740 ft, Pinus
contorta forest; on soil under Pinus
contorta, N. G. Miller 10,257 (NYS) June 7, 1993. PARK CO.: Beartooth
Plateau, Cooke City to Red Lodge Hwy., Picea
forest with Pinus flexilis and contorta, Vaccinium scoparium forest floor; on forest floor, Weber B-44219
(COLO, RM) (falcation strong; on wood). SUBLETTE Co.: Bridger Wilderness,
Wind River Range 17/viii/1989 ca. 1.5 mile east of Barnes Lake, 10,080 ft.
elev. 42°58’W, 109°34’W. Thin peat terrace. This plant is said to have lots of rhizoids (abundant) at the base of the stem, but not seen in the last of the two specimens cited above or in any of the specimens seen. Yellow-green to pale yellow; green to sordid looking when the leaves assume a reddish cast, and then the red rhizoids evident. Sometimes the falcateness is only evident on some of the stems and stem sections. The sterile Park Co. specimen is differentiated from B. leibergii by its irregular branching. Told from B. leibergii by the SMOOTH SETA: leibergii has a papillose seta. The leaves are unusually broad and falcate and deeply plicate, leaving one, macroscopically at least, to jump at it being Drepanocladus uncinatus - basal cells not hyaline-inflated. The costa appears very broad, hinting at Cratoneuron, but basal cells are not sharply inflated as in that genus (and Palustriella). The leaf cells appear short for a Brachythecium, hence the first calls for something in the Amblystegiaceae. The falcation and plication are striking under the dissecting scope. Note that B.
leibergii is generally SERRATE along the leaf margins, or at the base
(occasionaly smooth acc. to Brachythecium fendleri (Sull.) Jaeg. Brachythecium utahense James in Watson Hypnum fendleri (Sull.) Sull. & Lesq. Leskea fendleri Sull. (As Brachythecium
utahense James) Albany Co. (Porter 1442; 637); Carbon Co. (Porter 908), ALBANY CO.: Centennial Hills, Aven Nelson 2716 (RM), Aug. 20, 1896, c.fr. This rather diminutive Brachythecium is distinctive in its upright straight capsules what are longer and narrower than typical for the genus. Its small size puts it in Flower’s B. collinum group (fendleri, delicatulum, suberythrorrhizon [= velutinum var. venustum], erythrorrhizon). It is also distinctive in its synoicous inflorescences. Without fruit they look remarkably like B. collinum. Br. fendleri is sharply toothed, even to the base and in the Az. specimen spoon shaped leaves especially at the leaf base (MacFadden 8009 det. Grout from Grand Canyon (RM). Note that the leaves appear broadly recurved-naviculate on one side at the leaf base. The 2716 specimen has COARSE, sharp serrate teeth to the leaf base, with shortened cells in the apex and occasionally rostrate opercula, but what else could be synoicous as this specimen robustly is? And the cilia are short while the endostome matches the exostome teeth. Teeth and short apical cells distinctive in branch leaves. Brachythecium flexicaule R. & C. = B. calcareum Kindb. q.v. |
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Brachythecium frigidum (C. Muell.) Besch. Brachythecium asperrimum (C. Muell.) Sull. (Anderson et al. 1990). Brachythecium lamprochryseum C. Muell. & Kindb. in Macoun Brachythecium lamprochryseum var. giganteum Grout Hypnum fridigum C. Muell. (As Brachythecium lamprochryseum var. solfaterense Grout) Solfatara Creek, Yellowstone National Park (Streeter), “This is the type collections referred to by Dr. Grout (1928),” Porter, 1935. (As Brachythecium lamprochryseum C. Muell. & Kindb. in Macoun) Wyoming, Flowers 1973. ALBANY CO.: Wood’s Creek, Nelson 3480 (US); gregarious
over moist bank; canyon bottom in pine forest, 8,000 ft., Snowy Range, A. P.
Kelley 791 (NY) July 31, 1926; ca. 4 air miles east-SE of Centennial, NW base
of Sheep Mountain along WY11, 7700- 7900 ft, Populus, Betula and Salix associated
with spring seep; open fen, N.G. Miller 10, 278 (NYS) June 7, 1993. FREMONT
CO.: Peaty bank of stream on spruce-fir slope, Burroughs Creek Rd., 8400 ft.,
Absaroka Range, 14 miles N of Dubois, Hermann 25511, Aug. 28, 1973 (NY, US);
on branch submerged in stream on spruce-fir slope, Burroughs Creek Rd., 8400
ft. Absaroka Range, 14 miles N of Dubois, Hermann 25520 (US); about 12 miles
westward near Togwotee Pass, 9,000 ft. on ground, T. C. Frye June 22, 1931
(RM). SUBLETTE CO.: Bridger Wilderness, Wind River Range 18/viii/1989 Carex fen S. of Timico Lake. [Brachythecium glareosum (Br.) B. & S.] Lake, Brachythecium leibergii Grout ALBANY CO.: Medicine Bow Mountains, Medicine Bow National Forest, Barber Lake Picnic Area, 2.5 air miles NW of Centennial, 2660 msm, Pinus contorta forest along Libby Creek, Buck 23202 (NY) (setae detaching, old), June 7, 1993, with Ceratodon purpureus, Distichium capillaceum. CARBON CO.: on wet rock at edge of Trail Creek, W of Sand Lake Rd., 9000 ft., Medicine Bow Mts., 4 1/2 SW Morgan, Hermann 17808 (RM, US) (sterile, Aug. 6, 1962: based on pinnate branching, serrations, plications, decurrencies, robust, etc.) det. by Robinson. YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK: Old Cooke Ranger Station, H. S. Conard 48-282 (YELLO) Aug. 31, 1948 (det. as B. glareosum-autoicous); east slope along old road above Crescent Hill, H. S. Conard 48-253 (YELLO) Sept. 3, 1948 (det. as B. glareosum-autoicous). A beautiful, robust moss with clearly pinnate branching except for multiple branching supporting gametoecia. Leaves serrate and seta roughened; leaves are falcate, even when removed from the stem, clearly plicate wet or dry. The plant is very robust, compared to other pleurocarps in mixed collections. The shoulders of the leaf are lower than other species of the genus, it seems, and the strong serrations are striking. The papillae are tiny, sharp and distant on the seta. The homomallous character need not be strong - some leaves can be straight. The alar cells are numerous, quadrate, alar areas can be excavate. In both of the Yellowstone specimens (Conard) long strips of stem material stripped away along with the decurrencies. These specimens were irregularly pinnate and resemble large forms of B. velutinum (note coarse serrations like B. collinum - a continuous gradation?). Branch leaves are coarsely serrate (not serrulate), reminiscent of the serrations on B. collinum. Brachythecium nelsonii Grout Brachythecium latifolium Kindb. [Anderson et al. 1990] Pole Mt., Albany County (Porter, 537); Brooklyn Lake, Albany County (Elias Nelson, 5172); Lake and Canyon, Yellowstone National Park (Smiley). Elias Nelson's 5172 is the type referred to by Dr. Grout (1902), Porter, 1935. [Albany Co. (Porter 1433; 537); Yellowstone National Park (Smiley), Porter 1934. Albany Co., Yellowstone National Park, Porter, 1937.] Campbell Co., Medina, 1994. ALBANY CO.: wet bank of pond in mountain meadow, 1 1/4 miles S of Brooklyn Lake, 10,000 ft. Medicine Bow Mts. 9 miles W of Centennial, Hermann 17690 (RM); Medicine Bow Mountains, Barber Lake Picnic area, 2.5 air miles NW of Centennial, along Libby Creek, 8720-8740 ft. Pinus contorta forest; streamside, on rock, N.G. Miller 10,259 (NYS) June 7, 1993. BIG HORN CO.: Big Horn Mts. Aven Nelson 2234 (RM) July, 1896. SUBLETTE CO.: 10,324 ft., Holmes Rolston, III 85103 (CS); 10,595 ft., Holmes Rolston, III 85096 (CS). YELLOWSTONE NATONAL PARK: slope along old road, Crescent Hill, H. Conard 2045, Sept. 3, 1948 (NY). Grout placed this species right beside B. rivulare, which it resembles except for [Albany specimen] its flat leaves (stems appear complanate, flattened, not dendroid), nearly entire leaf margins and extensive area of inflated hyaline cells extending to near the costa [note in the Albany specimen the leaf cells were 6: 1 and in many cases even shorter! The specimen was sterile, but the alar cells and entire leaf margins were decisive]. Flowers wrote that B. starkei did not have the linear upper leaf cells of nelsonii: the Hermann specimen shows this (the leaves in this specimen had almost no acumination). Starkei has serrulate leaf margins, B. nelsonii generally not. LEAVES DELTOID-OVATE like B. starkei. “Apex is usually sharply and abruptly acuminate but sometimes long and slender” (Flowers): Lawton and others emphasise a long acumen or narrowly acute leaf. Note in B. rivulare, the apices are broad near the apex. Nelsonii frequently has a short acumination, but is not broad. It is flat above, not bowling out like B. rivulare. The alar cells of B. rivulare may be large and appear to fill the same spaces as B. nelsonii (to 1/2 the leaf base and more), yet they are never as numerous as nelsonii. If B. rivulare does not look particularly concave, it will appear plicate or somewhat so. Nelsonii is flat. Both have non serrulate leaf margins. In B. rivulare, the inflated cells appear much more abruptly differentiated and defined, in B. nelsonii they appear to spread across the lamina, flat or auriculate. Porter (1934) indicated intergrading between B. nelsonii and B. rivulare, and that B. nelsonii was only a subspecies of B. rivulare. In Nelson No. 2234 the plants were bright yellow-green and complanate, spreading wet or dry, and stoloniferous. Flowers describes B. nelsonii as “sometimes thin and straggling, mostly bright green, often becoming yellowish or straw colored.” The specimen was first identified as B. rutabulum, which has this vivid green, but the plant was apparently dioicous (only males seen) and the alar cells were abruptly inflated and decurrent. [Porter, 1934, as B. rutabulum] Brachythecium oedipodium (Mitt.) Jaeg. (Anderson, Crum & Buck, 1990). Brachythecium curtum (Lindb.) Limpr. [1990 checklist] Brachythecium curtum (Lindb.) Limpr. [in Lawt.] Brachythecium starkei subsp. oedipodium (Mitt.) Ren. & Card. [1990 checklist] Brachythecium starkei var. curtum (Lindb.) Warnst. [1990 checklist] Brachythecium starkei var. explanatum (Brid.) Moenk. Brachythecium starkei var. explanatum (Brid.) Moenk. [1990 checklist] What is B. starkei? “The following features distinguish B. starkei from B. curtum: plants smaller, having longer-pointed leaves with a longer costa (in branch leaves at least) and narrower cells. Brachythecium starkei differs from B. reflexum in having narrower leaf decurrencies and narrower cells” Crum & And. p. 1032. Lawton indicates that in B. reflexum, the costa extends to the apex or nearly so: this may help to distinguish B. starkei. Sublette Co., Cooper & Andrus, 1994. ALBANY CO: carpeting floor of spruce forest, Little
Brooklyn Lake, 10,400 ft, Medicine Bow Mts, 7 miles NW of Centennial, Hermann
26721 (RM) Aug. 27, 1975. FREMONT CO.: thin soil on boulder on spruce-fir
slope, Burroughs Creek Rd., 8400 ft., Absaroka Range, 14 miles N of Dubois,
Hermann 25524 (RM) [det. Lawton]. PARK CO.: Beartooth Plateau, Cooke City to
Red Lodge Highway, under late snow patch on steep slope N of switchback;
rills and snowbeds, 3200 msm, Weber, B-44307 (COLO, RM, US) [with B. salebrosum]. A specimen from Poland (Ochyra Musci Poloniae Exsiccati 280) seems to suit general descriptions of B. starkei var. explanatum. However, its medial leaf cells were as elongate as any seen in B. nelsonii or B. rivulare. They were sharply serrulate and the leaves were more narrowly oblong-lanceolate, rather than the deltoid things of B. nelsonii and B. rivulare. The basal cells are indeed larger and clearer than the other cells, but they are nowhere near as numerous as in B. nelsonii nor as abruptly inflated or otherwise differentiated as in B. rivulare. The best that can be said about them is that they are not abruptly or strikingly differentiated as in these other two taxa. Note Weber (1973) indicates that B. nelsonii is “quite close to B. starkei and sterile specimens are not easy to separate.” The Ochyra specimen showed leaves very distant on the stem... Crum & Anderson: p. 1030, the serrulate midrib: B. rutabulum has no spines. ? Brachythecium oxycladon (Brid.) Jaeg. Mammoth and Canyon, Yellowstone National Park (Smiley), Porter 1935. [Yellowstone National Park, Porter, 1937. [not in Lawton]] Also Porter, 1934. Brachythecium rivulare Schimp. in B.S.G.. (As Brachythecium lamprochryseum var. solfatarense Grout. N. Am. Musci Pleuroc. n. 327. 1912 [in Lawton as 1910]). (As Brachythecium lamprochryseum var. solfatarense), Yellowstone National Park (Mrs. Streeter, type collection), Porter 1934. Albany Co. (Porter 948, 1018; Nelson 5356; Porter 1030;
Porter 662; Nelson 10951; Porter 781b); Teton Co. (Porter 1153, 1147, 1148);
Yellowstone National Park (Smiley), Porter 1934. ALBANY CO: peaty bank of N. Fork of Little Laramie River on Sand Lake Rd., 8500 ft. Medicine Bow Mts, 3 miles W Centennial, Herman 17738, Aug. 4, 1962, sterile (NY); wet knoll on bank of Libby Creek, Libby Creek Campground, 8500 ft., Medicine Bow Mts. 2 miles W of Centennial, Hermann 17674 (US); Medicine Bow Mtns, Barber Lake Picnic Area, 2.5 air miles NW of Centennial, 2660 msm, Pinus contorta forest along Libby Creek, Buck 23198 (NY); Laramie, Nelson 4283 Sept. 15, 1897 (RM, US) [this specimen complanate, flat, leaves very distant on the stem and attenuated - a water form). FREMONT CO: on wet boulder in stream on spruce-fir slope, Burroughs Creek Rd. 8400 ft., Absaroka Range, 14 miles N of Dubois, Hermann 25517 (RM) Aug. 28, 1973 [specimen broadly acuminate although flat above and with inflated cells to the costa] . NATRONA CO.: Hat Six Falls, Nelson 5037 (RM) [this specimen with distant leaves and sharply serrulate stem leaf margins; also det. Weber]. PARK CO: wet peaty edge of streamlet through tundra below Beartooth Pass, 10000 ft., Shoshone Natl. Foreest, 38 miles NW of Cody, Hermann 20075 (RM), July 19, 1965. SHERIDAN CO.: floating on water and on logs and branches in slow flowing water, Big Horn National Forest, T57N, R89W, Section 28, McKee 92-049, with Mnium medium (BUF, RM). TETON CO.: Hwy 22, Burbank Creek 6 miles southeast of Victor. Pinus-Pseudotsuga forests, primitive rocks, 2260 msm, on wet soil and rocks, Duell & Duell 2230, Aug. 7, 1981 (NY); [Teton-Sublette cos.] Gros Ventre mts., C. C. Curtis, 8500 ft. (NY). YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK: Yellowstone Falls, 7500 ft., Rydberg & Bessey, June-Aug, 1897, The New York Botanical Garden exploration of Montana and Yellowstone Park (NY) Robust plants pale white-yellow, white green. Broad acute apices are striking for this species in the genus: sharply serrulate above, but some leaves smooth. Dendroid habit. Leaves STRONGLY concave like a spoon; cf. B. nelsonii which is flat, entire margins typical with extensive° inflated basal cells to costa, not dendroid habit. The Hermann 25517 specimen resembled B. nelsonii in inflated cells to the costa and flat upper leaf, but I figure the broadness of the leaf and its abrupt acumination made it B. rivulare (that is, the leaf shape was distinctive). Frequently without dendroid habit, apparently, and with leaves distant on stem - in water (submerged or emergent) forming “long loose masses or when crowded often becoming erect in deep dense tufts.” p. 444. Not Scleropodium because these are not or scarcely decurrent (Lawton, p. 310). Brachythecium rutabulum (Hedw.) Schimp. in B.S.G. Hypnum rutabulum Hedw. Big Horn Mts., Big Horn County (Aven Nelson, 2234), Porter, 1935. Big Horn Co. (Nelson 2234), Porter 1934. Big Horn Co., Porter, 1937. ALBANY CO.: NW base of Sheep Mtn., along Wy 11, ca. 4 air miles ESE of Centennial, seep area (calcareous fen) with Populus, Betula and Salix, Buck 23247 (NY), June 7, 1993 (capsules missing, most setae detached and lost; note leaves plicate). Almost identical to B. leibergii in every detail: this species is subpinnate, whereas B. leibergii is supposedly more pinnate. Leibergii has falcate leaves, B. rutabulum straight. B. rutabulum stem leaves are abruptly acuminate. Serrations are the same, sex, rough setae. Buck's strongly plicate stem leaves are rather problematical, since this species is not or somewhat plicate. The branch ends also help differentiate the two species: in B. leibergii they are densely foliate, B. rutabulum they become distant on the stem, narrowed and hence “stoloniferous” according to Grout; the stem is somewhat visible between leaf bases, as opposed to the dense crowding of the rest of the stem or branch. Brachythecium rutabulum is said to be somewhat larger than B. leibergii. Note a specimen from Niagara Falls was nearly identical to the Wyoming material: serrate to base, subpinnate, abruptly narrowed acuminate, AND PLICATE, concave; another was more oval, very sharply narrowed to a narrow acumen, hair-like and twisted: margins nearly smooth, yet in all other respects the same. Brachythecium salebrosum (Web. & Mohr) Schimp. in B.S.G. Brachythecium laevisetum Kindb. in Macoun Hypnum salebrosum Web. & Mohr (As Brachythecium
acutum) Albany County, Carbon County and Teton County, Porter, 1935.
Albany, Carbon, Teton cos. Yellowstone National Park, Porter, 1935. Teton
Co., Spence 1985. Albany Co. (Porter 536, 542); Carbon Co. (Porter 900);
Teton Co. (Porter 1205, 1216; 1185a); Yellowstone National Park (Nelson 5812;
Porter 1242, 1244), Porter 1934. (Brachythecium
acutum (Mitt.) Sull. reported for LINCOLN CO.: on rotted wood on bank of Porcupine Creek on spruce-fir slope, Greys River Valley, 6600 ft., Salt River Range, 18 miles SE Alpine Junction, Hermann 25595 (Aug. 30, 1973: capsules gone but setae abundant) (US, RM). PARK CO.: wet soil in white spruce fen at base of Cathedral Cliff, 2 mi. E of Crandall Ranger Station, 6,600 ft., J. C. Elliott 1743 (BUF) Aug. 12, 1990. SUBLETTE CO.: Bridger-Teton National Forest, 4.6 miles N of Bondurant on US 191 & 189. Wooded Spruce bank, ss rocks, lush herbage, N slope. Hoback River valley, shaded sandstone rock, July 5, 1985 P.M. Eckel 9612515 (BUF, RM). + Drepanocladus uncinatus, Leptodictyum humile, Eurhynchium pulchellum, Platydictya jungermannioides. TETON CO: on US26 & US237, 1.3 miles W of Togwotee Pass, Bridger-Teton Natl. Forest, ca. 9000', Picea-Pinus flexilis wood-land, xeric but for stream bottoms. Lupinulus, Asters, wooded stream, soggy debris c.fr. July 6, 1985, c. Distichium capillacium, Aulacomnium palustre, Eckel 94082102 (BUF); dry humus in spruce-fir woods, Hidden Falls Trail NW of Jenny Lake, 7000ft, Hermann 25547 (RM), young sporph. Aug. 29, 1973 (serrate lf tips, teeth on costa, revolute to apex, however). YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK: on the moist ground in the timber, The Thunderer, Plants of Yellowstone National Park 5812, Nelson & Nelson, July 13, 1899 (RM; US); Lost Lake outlet, H. S. Conard 48-225 (YELLO) Sept. 1, 1948 (det. as B. glareosum-autoicous); Clematis Gulch Trail, Lawton 1801 (YELLO) Aug. 16, 1953 (det. as B. glareosum-autoicous). Robust, densely foliose, turgid branches, much branched, straw colored: yellow/yellow-brown. It is easy to see in this specimen how B. turgidum may be a short-branched form of this (Crum & Anderson). In the Teton Co. (PME) specimen, the stems were a bright red-burgundy and the fruiting female buds kept popping off. There were no serrations at all on either stem or branch leaves. On the Hermann spm. from Teton, the margins were strongly serrate at the tip, the costa toothed, both margins recurved to apex, the leaf canaliculate. Lawton & Crum & Anderson do not describe the leaf this way - but Flowers does. Flowers may have had a big problem with the genus (note B. oxycladon, digastrum & campestre). Also, a specimen from Sublette Co. had striking, long filiform acuminations, such as B. albicans has. Flowers again illustrates an acuminate apex for B. salebrosum, otherwise it would be hard to believe the Sublette spm. for B. salebrosum. All leaves, stem and branch, were serrulate, the sex was autoicous and the apex was channeled with revolute borders. There doesn't seem to be anything else in the key that this specimen could be. Some leaves had decurrencies and excavate enlarged alar cells. Sometimes B. salebrosum can be so plicate it seems like a Homalothecium, however, that genus is all dioicous. ? Brachythecium starkei (Brid.) Schimp. in B.S.G. Hypnum starkei Brid. Albany Co. (Porter 866), Porter 1934. As Brachythecium Starkei (Brid.) B. & S. Keystone, Albany County (Porter, 866), Porter, 1935. Albany Co., Porter, 1937. Teton Co., Spence 1985. See discussion of this and B. rutabulum in Crum & Anderson p. 1030 sub B. curtum. Brachythecium turgidum (Hartm.) Kindb. Hypnum salebrosum var. turgidum Hartm. ALBANY CO.: NW base of Sheep Mtn. along WY 11, ca. 4 air miles ESE of Centennial, seep area (calcareous fen) with Populus, Betula and Salix, Buck 23232 (NY). PARK CO.: snowbeds, 3200 msm, W. A. Weber, B-44306 (COLO, RM, US) [leaves short, dense on stem, to julaceous]. Note Crum & Anderson suggest this may be only an ecological expression of B. salebrosum. Tufted habit means the branches are short and hence the leaves crowded making short fat branches of a bright shiny golden to lemon yellow plant with brown along the lower leaves and stems. They sort of stand up at you in tight little bristly julaceous branches as you look down on them, wetted up, in the packet, with your dissecting microscope. The Weber specimen shows longer branches, but distinctly julaceous: the bright lemon or straw yellow with brown older parts of B. salebrosum. Both have the alar thick-walled pellucid cell groups. Brachythecium velutinum (Hedw.) Schimp. Brachythecium collinum var. idahense (Ren.& Card.) Grout Brachythecium idahense Ren. & Card. Hypnum velutinum Hedw. Yellowstone National Park (Smiley), Porter 1934. As Brachythecium velutinum (L.) B. & S. Lake and Canyon, Yellowstone National Park (Smiley), Porter, 1935 Yellowstone National Park, Porter, 1937. Teton Co., Spence 1985. Ireland, 1982. The typical variety is said to have setae roughened by large papillae throughout, whereas the var. venustum has them smooth or slightly rough at the base (Lawton). Brachythecium velutinum var. venustum (De Not.) Arc. Brachythecium olympicum Jur. in Ung. & Kotschy Brachythecium petrophilum Williams Brachythecium suberythrorrhizon Ren. & Card. Brachythecium suberythrorrhizon var. suberythrorrhizon (Ren. & Card.) Grout Chamberlainia collina var. suberythrorrhiza (Ren. & Card.) Robins. Hypnum venustum De Not. (As Brachythecium suberythrorrhizon Ren. & Card.) Wyoming, Flowers 1973. ALBANY CO.; Medicine Bow Mtns., Barber Lake picnic area; ca. 2.5 mi. due NW of Centennial; ca. 8,700 ft., Pinus contorta forest along Libby Creek, W. D. Reese 18169 (LAF) June 7, 1993; Laramie Mountains, Roger Canyon, 8 air miles NE of Laramie city center, 7850-8000 ft., on soil under shrubs, N. G. Miller 10,243 (NYS) June 7, 1993. LINCOLN CO.; on granite boulder on slope above Salt River, Silver Stream Motel, 6000 ft. 11 miles N of Ashton, Hermann 17843 (RM), Aug. 11, 1962 (ver. by Robinson as Chamberlainia collina var. suberythrorrhiza - seems intergrades between B. venustum and B. collinum noted by Weber are so noted by others). TETON CO: on US26 & US237, 1.3 miles W of Togwotee Pass, Bridger-Teton Natl. Forest, ca. 9000', Picea-Pinus flexilis wood-land, xeric but for stream bottoms. Lupinulus, Asters. Soil, forest floor, over organic debris, including punky wood. c.fr. July 6, 1985 Eckel 94081608 (RM, BUF). Another specimen (Eckel 94082003 BUF) from the same locality shows a nearly complete intergradation with Brachythecium collinum. In the Teton specimen, many of the stems are light yellow green. Note the leaf cells are so thick walled and short, they appear to be an Amblystegium, were it not for the capsules. The serrations are as distinctive as in those of B. collinum, which may be a variant of this species (Weber 1973), much as Brachythecium turgidum seems to be a variant of Br. salebrosum. In Lawton's key she reflects the variability of the species in the degree of its plications (distinct to smooth) and the variability of the falcations (curved to straight) - the autoicous condition of this species is readily evident and critical to a quick determination of this plant. It is likely that Flower's B. delicatulum, B. collinum var. idahense, B. collinum, B. velutinum and B. velutinum var. venustum are all the same thing. The Reese specimen from Albany co was large and looked like B. albicans with its long, narrow acumina, but it was so falcate as to appear a Drepanocladus, it was autoicous, seta smooth and cells on margins serrulate, serrate in branch leaves, strongly plicate. [Breutelia mohriana (C. Muell.) Broth. ] Carbon Co., Porter, 1937. Excluded from N American flora by Anderson, et al. 1990. ? [Brotherella recurvans (Michx.) Fleisch.] Lincoln Gulch, Albany County (Aven Nelson, 2628). “The material is scanty, and Prof. Holzinger, who identified it, expressed a doubt as to the correctness of the determination,” Porter, 1935. |
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Bryoerythrophyllum recurvirostrum (Hedw.) Chen Barbula aenea C. Muell. & Kindb. in Macoun Barbula recurvirostris (Hedw.) Dix. Bryoerythrophyllum recurvirostrum (Hedw.) Chen Didymodon canadensis Kindb. in Macoun Didymodon recurvirostris (Hedw.) Jenn. Didymodon rubellus B.S.G Didymodon rubellus var. dentatus Schimp. Didymodon subruber Kindb. Weissia recurvirostra Hedw. In all states and provinces of the Pacific Northwest; widespread in the Middle West and in eastern North America, Greenland and Labrador to North Carolina. (As Didymodon rubellus (Hoffm.) B.S.G.) Pole Creek, Albany Co. (Elias Nelson, 3438), Yellowstone Canyon, Yellowstone National Park (Smiley), Porter, 1937. Teton Co., Spence 1985. ALBANY CO., Hermann 17145, 10,000 ft.; moist shaded soil at base of calcareous sandstone bluff, Roger Canyon, alt. ca. 8000 ft., 10 miles NE of Laramie, F. J. Hermann 171512 1/2, August 19, 1961 (DUKE). (RM). BIG HORN CO.: Big Horn Mtns., large rock outcrop, 9200 ft., Nelson 3332, c. fr., old-calyptrate, indehisced July 9, 1979 (BUF, RM). CAMPBELL CO.: S.E., Rochelle Hills, head of Wildcat and S. Fork Keyton Creeks, T 41 N, R 69 W, Sec. 11, 12, 1500-1550 m. alt.; natural brick and sandstone of Fort Union formation, Pinus ponderosa-Juniperus-sagebrush associations; on N slope just above temporary stream in ravine, W. A. Weber 5-8 June 1975 (COLO) [det. as Barbula unguiculata], Powder River Basin coal strip mine ecological impact inventory. CARBON CO.: Hermann, 17190, 8500 ft., (RM). FREMONT CO.: Dubois, big spring about 4 miles east of Dubois, Frye, June 23, 1931, c.fr. (WTU); 8,400', Hermann 25513 (RM). PARK CO.: 6900-7800 ft., 21090 (BUF, RM); Lake Creek at Cody Road, west of Bear Tooth Butte, Ela Lawton 2093 (WTU) Aug. 24, 1953. SHERIDAN CO.: Moist limestone, Big Horn Mountains, T57N, R89W, Section 34, McKee 92-007, June 16, 1992, c.fr. indehisced (BUF, RM). SUBLETTE CO., 7950', Hermann 25341 (RM). TETON CO. 7,000', Hermann 25575 (RM); east of Teton Pass, Elva Lawton, 1781 (WTU) Aug. 15, 1953. WESTON CO.: Dryish hill, on ground, Newcastle, July 16, 1942, c.fr., Otto Degener & Leroy Peiler (NY), with Desmatodon obtusifolius. YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK: Yellowstone Lake shoreline, limestone, Zander & Eckel, July 23, 1980 (BUF); Crescent Hill, Elva Lawton 1843 (WTU) Aug. 17, 1953. BRYUM: I find that there are four species that readily come to hand, all with long awns and appendiculate cilia. Their sexuality and habit I have found useful in distinguishing them: Bryum caespiticium: Stems short: central bulb “on the ground” with side shoots terminated by bulbs [“bulb” = rosulate but in a tear drop figure]. DIOICOUS. Walls may be thin. There are no gametoecia at the tips of side branches (hence, sterile) as there almost always are in B. pallescens, the sp. with which this may be confused. The stems are not elongate, or if they are the rosulate leaf clump is subtended by reduced leaves distant on the stem, not foliose as in B. pallescens. Bryum pallescens: Stems elongate, the leafy area elevated off the ground and leafy with numerous side branches: a “typical” looking plant. Dioicous (male stems). Cladautoicous: with antheridia on branches of fruiting stems, and frequently synoicous, that is, with a few antheridia amid the archegonia. [B. algovicum with its unique “gloppy” peristome (adherent endo and exostome, also is branched and NON ROSULATE, with similar sexuality]. Bryum lisae var. cuspidatum: less diffusely branched, but apparently always synoicous. ROSULATE. Note B. pallescens is not. Caespiticium is, but is dioicous. Caespiticium is like bulbs but lisae seems to flare out like a cup: each stalk is ended in synoici (unlike pallescens which is more often than not male). B. caespiticium LOOKS like it has branches, but each of the little side things has rhizoids with male things, so they are not branches and hence dioicous. B. pallescens has actual branches attached to the stem with male things, and so are autoicous. Bryum capillare. With thin, lax cell walls, resembling B. caespiticium. Note it is only the fruiting stems that have long-awned leaves. Leaves here are obovate. ? Bryum alpinum Huds. ex With. Sheep Mountain, Albany Co. (Goodding, 2098), Porter, 1935. In one specimen from Bryum algovicum Sendtn. ex C. Muell. [var. algovicum; var. rutheanum (Warnst.) Crundw. in Anderson et al. 1990]. Bryum algovicum is “reserved for the autoicous form and B. algovicum var. rutheanum (Warnst.) Crund. should be used for the synoicous form. We find that the species is actually polygamous (usualy syoicous but sometimes also producing perigonial buds on the same plants)” Crum & Anderson p. 544, so they reject the varieties. But see the most recent checklist where both varieties are recognized. cf. discussion in Crum & Anderson l981. “The name B. angustirete Kindb. ex Macoun (Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 16: 94, 1889) has been rejected because the type could not be found either in Macoun's or Kindberg's herbarium, and such specimens as occur in those herbaria under that name are not B. algovicum,” p. 544, Vol. 1. Lawton's B. angustirete is synonymous with Bryum pendulum, as is Cr. & Anderson's B. algovicum. It is through Bryum pendulum that I identify Lawton's references to B. angustirete with B. algovicum. Bryum pendulum (Hornsch.) Schimp. Bryum roellii Philib. Ptychostomum compactum Hornsch. Ptychostomum pendulum Hornsch. British Columbia, Washington, Alberta, Idaho, Montana,
Wyoming; Northwest Terr. Cal., Nev., Colo.; Sask., Manit., S. Dakota, Iowa,
Nebr., Minn., Mich., Ont., Indiana; Quebec to District of Columbia. (As Bryum
angustirete Kindb. ex Macoun in Lawton).
(As Bryum angustirete Kindb.)
Cokeville, Lincoln Co. (Aven Nelson, 4656), Porter, 1935. (As Bryum pendulum Schimp.) ALBANY CO.: Centenial Valley, Aven Nelson 2654 (RM), Aug. 17, 1896, c. fr. (small mouth obvious here); also Sherman and Buford, wet granite swales, Macbride 2547 (RM) July 27, 1913. BIG HORN CO.: Big Horn Mtns., east facing slope, 8800 ft., Hartman & Odasz 9152, c. fr. not dehisced June 21, 1979 (BUF, RM). CARBON CO.: rocky hillside, Rawlins, on flat, wet ground, c. fr. Otto Degener 17,049 (US), July 13, 1942. JOHNSON CO.: Big Horn Mts., canyon along N fork Crazy Woman Creek; calcareous boulders in creek and wet cliffs at edge of creek, 6600 ft., Nelson 6837, c. f. half deoperculated Aug. 6, 1980 (BUF, RM), with Hymenostylium recurvirostrum. FREMONT CO.: in big spring about 4 miles eastward of Dubois, June 23, 1931, T. C. Frye (WTU). Steamboat Mountain, on a boggy flat, c.fr. June 9, 1900, Nelson 7045 printed label, Plants of Wyoming, det. by E. G. Britton & R. S. Williams (RM), synoicous + male buds on tips of branches, large spores, small mouths. The Johnson Co. specimen had leaf cells shorter and thicker than B. lisae var. cuspidatum, but not as short as B. pseudotriquetrum, which in addition has decurrencies. The peristome is peculiar as described. SYNOICOUS. Weber: “The lamellae (divisions separated by horizontal walls) have several cross-walls which are irregularly widened; this is most easily seen from the ventral side.” Spence (1988) says the species “can be distinguished by its fused peristome, large spores, and small pendulous capsule with a small red mouth.” It occurs at low elevations and in dry regions. The Degener 17,049 specimen did have a small mouth, as Spence indicates, and with a nice red ring around it. The capsules appear to be as small as those of B. caespiticium, with which the Degener specimen had first been identified - but the stem was many branched and not rosulate (resembling B. pallescens in this regard) and not bulbous with long leaf apices as in caespiticium. The Nelson, 4656, specimen mentioned by Porter above seen at (US) had capsules that were too young, but the tufts were dense and green or yellow-green, as Crum & Anderson say (p. 542). The plant I examined was synoicous, note “innovations on fruiting plants often terminating in a perigonium” - which reminds me of pallescens. In the Nelson specimen the exostome segments appeared to be free of the endostome and curving. “The peristome is unique because of a chambered appearance, especially observable before complete soaking, caused by the adherence of lower half or more of the endostome to the exostome at its articulations. As seen with a lens, the species appears to lack an endostome, and the teeth tend to stand erect, rather than incurved as in mosses with inner and outer peristomes separate.” p. 542, Crum & Anderson. This “chambering” has bedeviled me for the longest time. It is Flower's illustration that cleared up what I was to be seeing: in “normal” exostome teeth, there is an evenness of color up and down the tooth. In this species the color, orange at the base, is mottled like old dried up glue, appearing irregularly thickened. “Adherence” can only be guessed unless you can see the tooth in three dimensions. Bryum amblyodon C. Muell. Bryum acutiusculum C. Muell. Bryum edwardsianum C. Muell. & Kindb. in Macoun Bryum froudei Kindb. Bryum inclinatum (Brid.) Bland. Bryum stenotrichum C. Muell. [1990 checklist] Bryum stenotrichum C. Muell. sec. Crum et al, l973. Bryum stenotrichum var. biddlecomiae (Aust.) Lawt. [1990 checklist] Cladodium inclinatum (Brid.) Brid. Pohlia inclinata Sw. ex Brid. (As Bryum inclinatum) Laramie Hills, Albany Co. (Aven Nelson 1928), Porter, 1935. (as cf. stenotrichum) “Common in front of glaciers”, Teton Range, Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming, Spence 1981. Teton Co., Spence 1985. Weber (1973) indicates this species “occurs commonly in the alpine tundra, where it may replace B. pallescens on drier sites.” Note that Bryum lisae var. cuspidatum, which Flowers indicates is in Utah “our commonest species of Bryum,” p. 370, is not reported as growing in Colorado by Weber (1973). Bryum argenteum Hedw. Argyrobryum argenteum (Hedw.) Kindb. Bryum argenteum var. lanatum (P. Beauv.) Hampe Mnium lanatum P. Beauv. Plagiobryum argenteoides Williams Cosmopolitan and common. Laramie, Albany Co. (Elias Nelson, 3454); Crow Creek, Albany County (Porter, 1446), Porter, 1935. Campbell Co., Medina, 1994. ALBANY CO.: Laramie, E. Nelson 3454 (RM); Laramie Plains, 2 air miles NE of Laramie center, Chugwater redbeds, rim of breaks, 7250-7300 ft. bare prairie soil between herbs, including Astragalus, Eriogonum, Penstemon, N.G.Miller 10, 250 (NYS) June 7, 1993, with Tortula caninervis. SHERIDAN CO.: Decaying conifer wood, Big Horn Mountains, T57N, R89W, McKee 92-F6, June 19, 1992 (RM). Bryum caespiticium Hedw. Bryum julaceum Kindb. Bryum microcephalum C. Muell. & Kindb. in Macoun Bryum oligochloron C. Muell. & Kindb. in Macoun Bryum synoicocaespiticium C. Muell. & Kindb. in Macoun Bryum vancouveriense Kindb. in Macoun Widespread, almost cosmopolitan. Albany, Carbon Co.,
Uinta, Yellowstone National Park, Porter, 1935. Teton Co., Spence 1985.
Campbell Co., Medina, 1994. ALBANY CO.: south bank of Little Brooklyn Lake,
Medicine Bow Mtns., 10,300 ft., Schriever 17 (RM); (as Bryum provinciale Philib.) Medicine Bow Mts., Albany County (Aven
Nelson, 7814), (RM, US), Porter, 1935 [see above discussion under that
species]; (id'd as B. cirrhatum,
but dioicous), Cummins, Aven Nelson 1538 (RM) - see Porter citation of this
specimen below, c. fr. July 30, 1895, with Pottia heimii and Funaria
hygrometrica. BIG HORN CO.: Big Horn Mtns., large rock outcrop, 9200 ft.,
Nelson 3332, c. fr. indehisced operculate, July 9, 1979 (BUF, RM), with Bryoerythrophyllum recurvirostrum.
CARBON CO.: Pedro Mts., L. N. Goodding 115 (RM, US); Plants of Wyoming,
Bridger Peak, Goodding, 1966 of the exsiccat, det. by Holzinger (as B. occidentale Sull.) (RM, US).
FREMONT CO.: Bridger-Teton National Forest on US26 & US287, between Moran
& Dubois, ca. 9000'. Alpine meadow, much herbage. Wet with flowing
streams. Granite outcrops. N slopes of knoll, with Tortula ruralis, Encalypta vulgaris var. rhabdocarpa, Eckel 93081102 (BUF), c. fr. SUBLETTE CO.: 7950
ft., F. J. Hermann 25344 (RM). UINTA CO.: Fort Bridger, Nelson 4595, c. fr.
June 8, 1898 (young) (RM); Evanston, on dry ground, c. fr., Degener 17,074,
July 8, 1942 (US). Smith (1978) gives a good illustration of the abruptly acuminate apex. Note that this character is evident at least on some of the leaves (otherwise this is not definitely demonstrable). In the Big Horn Co. specimen, this species was growing with Bryoerythrophyllum recurvirostrum in a harsh habitat. Both taxa were capable of growing from robust down to tiny buttons in the sand - I have not found Bryum lisae var. cuspidatum, the other weedy taxon so like B. caespiticium, to be capable of this diminution of size. The Bryoerythrophyllum can also get down. Another specimen from Big Horn Co. shows that this taxon, when depauperate, has a short, ropy habit with a gristled appearance, like the stem tips are little curling steel wires. In fruit, the fertile stem is a bulb in the sand, the innovations on red stalks with bulblike leaf-wrap. The colors are a Christmas red and green. It seems most of the weedy things I've been looking at are synoicous - this one is refreshingly dioicous. Its costa is significantly longer than the other weedy things. It has a weak border. More robust specimens are different, unfortunately, but the stem is usually shorter (under 1 cm) than the run of common Bryums. I find the leaf cells can be quite thick. Crum gives an excellent description of this plant - the operculum can be quite apiculate with a prominent nipple at the tip. Note that the description of B. caespitosa with linear cells in the apex is a characteristic of the sterile stems: the fertile ones have shorter cells and shorter awns [is this also true in B. capillare]. [Both caespitosum and lisae may have bright orange setae.] The specimen of Goodding 1966 seen from both RM and US had numerous small innovations that might be taken as bulbils. One might usually expect innovations as branchings but in Goodding's specimens they appeared to be free and developing from rhizoids or generally unattached or readily deciduous from any main stem (cf. B. canariense: “with short axillary branches becoming detached and acting as asexual reproductive structures). These apparent branchlets are in fact stems and may carry the male organs: in B. pallescens, the side axes are actually branches, without rhizoids, and so the plant is autoicous (caespitosa is dioicous). The leaves of sterile stems all had regularly excurrent costae, just as those of the fertile stems. The capsules were variable from under 2 mm to nearly three mm, none of them red - characters not associated with Bryum dichotomum (see below). Note the variability of the capsule sizes, as recognized in Flower's description of the species, from below 1 to 3 mm. B. capillare: tubers brown, filiform, look like stout rhizoids. Aspect like a Mnium. Leaves not decurrent; hairpoint conspicuous, long, dioicous. B. erythroloma: dioicous; capsules brown or red brown; hairpoint short or lacking; tubers dark red to red-brown. Looks like capillare but leaves red-green, reddish leaf border, short hairpoints, weakly rosulate. B. flaccidum; apex somewhat serrulate, leaves rosulate, spirally twisted; dioicous. Most eastern North American = var. flaccidum. Small, usually sterile, leaves remote, weakly bordered with costa ending well below the apex to shortly excurrent. AXILLARY GEMMAE PAPILLOSE. B. torquescens: usually synoicous (rarely dioicous or autoicous; capsules often red; hairpoint conspicuous; tubers crimson to orange-red; leaves sometimes decurrent. Comal leaves slenderly acuminate and long awned with long cells with stronger border. Red rhizoidal tubers [Bryum canariense Brid., Musc. Rec. Suppl. 3: 29. 1817. EXCLUDED] Bryum provinciale Philib. in Schimp. Bryum hendersonii Ren. & Card. British Columbia, Washington, Oregon; California. (As Bryum provinciale Philib.) Medicine Bow Mts., Albany County (Aven Nelson, 7814), Porter, 1935. Examination of this collection at RM and US shows this
[Wyoming specimen] is Bryum
caespiticium Hedw. The geographic anomaly is striking, but more
particularly the Nelson specimen had long awns in fertile stems, was not
rosulate in stem leaf arrangement, and it had strongly developed cilia that
were clearly appendiculate. Sterile stems of this species approximate B. canariense in their short, reflexed
mucros and the numerous tiny innovative branches that may serve as
propagules. No tubers were seen. The propagulaceous tiny stems (not often
described for caespiticium) seem to have confused early workers in the
western flora with bulbils (cf. B.
dichotomum). Leaves “large with short recurved hairpoint, often in 2 or
more interrupted comal tufts along stem; leaf border weak or lacking at apex;
tubers brown” (Spence, 1988). Spence also says “predominantly coastal
Mediterranean climates: Bryum capillare Hedw. Bryum capillare ssp. heteroneuron
C. Muell. & Kindb. in Macoun (in Bryum oreganum Sull. Mielichhoferia cuspidifera Kindb. in Macoun Brit. Colo., Wash., Ore., Ida., Mont., Wyoming; Cal. Nev.,
Ariz; widspread in the Middle West and in eastern N. Amer from Quebec to Fla.
(As Bryum oreganum Sulliv.)
Centennial, Albany Co. (Aven Nelson, 2707, in part & 2708); Dome Lake,
Sheridan Co. (Aven Nelson, 8826), Porter, 1935. (As Bryum capillare) Antelope Basin, Albany County (Aven Nelson,
7484); Loomis Creek, Natrona Co. (Goodding, 180), Porter, 1935. (As Bryum capillare ssp. herpetoneuron) ALBANY CO.: Antelope Basin, Damp woods, July 9, 1900,
deoperculate, Nelson 7484 (Holzinger exsiccat) (RM & US). NATRONA CO.:
Big Horn Mts., First Water Creek, dry creek bed and road crossing, 7700 ft.,
Hartman 10452, c.fr. operculate Aug. 1, 1979, with Funaria hygrometrica (BUF, RM). NATRONA CO.: Moist places under a
ledge, Loomis Creek, July 3, 1901, Leslie N. Goodding 180, Det. Holzinger,
Plants of Wyoming 180, (US) c.fr. operculate. SHERIDAN CO.: Dome Lake, July
16, 1896, c. fr., Aven Nelson 8826 (RM), with Drepanocladus uncinatus & Philonotis
fontana var. fontana. TETON
CO.: NOTE: Most descriptions of this species emphasize the sterile plants. Characteristics of the fruiting stems are leaves that are much like Bryum lisae var. cuspidatum, only very thin (lax) walled. The Washakie Co. specimen was synoicous, the antheridia relatively large (larger than what I've been calling Bryum lisae var cusp.). The plants can form polsters or cushions: B. lisae doesn’t, that I know of. The sterile stems with percurrent but generally not long-excurrent costae are more diagnostic than the fruiting stems. Collections with a lot of fertile stems have long awns (Teton Co.). The Washakie Co. specimen had two setae coming from one archegonium, plus antheridia! The Teton specimen also was synoicous with strikingly large archegonia. Bryum cyclophyllum (Schwaegr.) Bruch & Schimp. in B.S.G. (As Bryum cyclophyllum (Schwaegr.) B.S.G.) in Bryum tortifolium Brid. Bryum tortifolium Funck ex Brid. sec. Cr. et al. l973, non Index Muscorum which recognized B. cyclophyllum. Mnium cyclophyllum Schwaegr. In one instance it was found confused with B. gemmiparum which has not yet been found in Wyoming. The latter is without red pigmentation (Crum & Anderson), but most noteably is not or scarcely contorted when dry. As the epithet “tortifolium” suggests, plants of that species are strongly contorted when dry. Crum speculates that the epithet “gemmiparous” may “refer to a stunted kind of growth with leaves at stem tips crowded together in a budlike body (similar to perennating buds of some other “Brya” (p. 562), suggesting a habit quite unlike the unbudlike foliose habit of B. tortifolium. Although Flowers p. 382 indicates that the leaves of B. gemmiparum of the previous season are ferruginous, the specimen Hermann (20070) of B. tortifolium are all brick red. Need to verify the redness in gemmiparum, a species said to be devoid of that color. It differs from B. alpinum, miniatum and muehlenbeckii (small leaves, blunt apices, reddish color, etc.) by the latter all being scarcely contorted when dry, whereas B. tortifolium has B. tortiform leaves when dry! ? Bryum dichotomum Hedw. Bryum bicolor Dicks. fid. Andrews in Grout [Bryum bicolor = Bryum dichotomum Hedw., Anderson et al. 1990] Bryum occidentale Sull. = B. bicolor Dicks. [Index Muscorum] Teton Co., Spence 1985. The specimen listed as Bryum occidentale Sulliv. Bridger Peak, Carbon Co. (Goodding 1966) by Porter (1935) was seen to be Bryum caespiticium in both the specimen at RM and US. Bryum lisae var. cuspidatum (B.S.G.) Marg. Bryum alaskanum Kindb. Bryum bimum var. cuspidatum B.S.G. Bryum creberrimum Tayl. Bryum cuspidatum (B.S.G.) Schimp. Bryum flagellosum Kindb. Bryum hamicuspis Kindb. Bryum intermedium (of American authors) sec. Crum et al. l973. Bryum manitobae Kindb. Bryum nano-caespiticium Kindb. Bryum neomexicanum Card. [Note Bryum lonchocaulon C. Muell. is recognized in the new checklist, but Spence (1988) indicates that it is “an ecological variant of B. lisae with extremely long hairpoints.” p. 83. Bryum cirrhatum Hornsch. is in synonymy with B. lonchocaulon in the new list.] In all states and provinces of the Pac. NW; Alask., Cal., Nev., Ariz; widespread in the Mid. West and in eastern N. Amer. (As Bryum intermedium Brid.) Laramie Mts. Albany Co. (Aven Nelson, 7274); Centennial Valley, Albany Co. (Aven Nelson, 1263); Old Faithful, Yellowstone National Park (Smiley), Porter, 1935. Teton Co., Spence 1985. (As Bryum cirrhatum Hopp. et Hornsch.) Cummins, Homer Ranch, and Brooklyn Lake, all in Albany Co. (Aven Nelson, 1538°, in part, 6955, and 5235), Porter, 1937. The specimen at RM was dioicous: Bryum caespiticium, q.v. “Bryum cirrhatum Hoppe & Hornsch. (B. lonchocaulon C. Muell.) is described as resembling B. creberrimum but with the excurrent costa longer and more strongly toothed and the seta and capsule longer. In Europe it is generally considered an alpine moss, but many specimens from the Pacific Northwest which have been determined as B. cirrhatum are from the lowlands and it is not clear whether they are distinct from B. creberrimum.” Lawton, p. 169. ALBANY CO.: Centennial Valley, Nelson 1263 (RM); Laramie Hills, Nelson 7274 (RM, US); (= B. lonchocaulon): long-awns; on the wet alkaline ditch banks, Homer's Field, exsiccat Plants of Wyoming, Aven Nelson 6955, det. Holzinger, c. fr. May 30, 1900 (RM). BIGHORN CO.: ca. 28.5 air miles east of Greyville, ca. 19.5 air miles NNE of Hyattville, 9200 ft., B. E. Nelson 3334 (BUF, RM), fruit operculate 9 July 1979; off Devil Canyon Rd. above Little Tepee Creek, on rotten logs, 8300 ft., Nelson 3658a (BUF), with Pohlia nutans, Leptobryum pyriforme and Distichium capillaceum; on disturbed soil just off US16 between TenSleep & Buffalo (near Sitting Bull Campsite). Pinus contorta v. latifolia being lumbered. Just N of Washakie Co. border. ca. 5000' c.fr. July 6, 1985, with Ceratodon purpureus, in fruit, Eckel 94092200 (BUF, RM). FREMONT CO.: 8400 ft., F. J. Hermann 25515 (RM). PARK CO.: 7400 ft., F. J. Hermann 20067 (RM). PARK CO.: 6000ft., Vukelich April 1, 1988 (BUF). YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK: (as Bryum torquescens) Druid Peak, July 12, 1899, Plants of Yellowstone National Park 5801 Aven Nelson & Elias Nelson, det. Holzinger, on the damp ground in the spruce woods, c.fr. (US, RM), growing amid fruiting Pohlia nutans [synoicous, rosulate specimens, lance-acuminate leaves with long awns, not ovate or obovate]. The Nelson specimen was synoicous, the cilia appendiculate, but the leaves were mostly ovate, ovate-lanceolate with incrassate cell walls 4, 5 and 6 to one in the upper leaves. NOTE: Nelson, 3658a is unusual in that the neck of the capsule is in some plants as long as the urn. It has low teeth on the lamina margins and hairpoints, as B. cirrhatum is described by Crum & Anderson (p. 556, Vol. 1) (note that B. pallescens is toothed). The habitat seems somewhat unusual for this widespread species (B. lisae var. cuspidatum) and perhaps more fieldwork would be of value. The synoicous condition is not always apparent, the Johnson Co. specimen: three stems had to be dissected before an antheridium could be located. My specimen from Big Horn is readily synoicous. Dissection of several capsules shows the cilia regularly well developed, as opposed to Bryum stenotrichum's variability. Lawton indicates that descriptions of B. cirrhatum are plants “with the excurrent costa longer and more strongly toothed and the seta and capsule longer” (p. 169). In Europe this is considered alpine but there is no distinction in the US in elevation and is probably the same as (B. lisae var. cuspidatum). In the two Albany Co. specimens, the color looked bright red-green like caespiticium, the antheridia few but present; can caespiticium be occasionally synoicous? Note that the habit was elongate through the soil (doesn't look like caespiticium), NOT matted with rhizoids; straw yellow-green below, more yellowish, pale, red stems. ? Bryum pallens (Brid.) Sw. in Roel. Bryum anoectangium C. Muell. & Kindb. in Macoun Bryum drepanocarpum Philib. in Card. & Thér. Bryum heterogynum Philib. in Card. & Thér. Bryum meesioides Kindb. in Macoun Bryum subpurpurascens Kindb. in Macoun Hypnum pallens (Sw.) Web. & Mohr Pohlia pallens (Sw.) Brid. Brit. Colo. Wash., Oregon, Wyoming; Newfoundland, Quebec, NY. Bryum pallescens Schleich. ex Schwaegr. Bryum microstegioides Kindb. Bryum subrotundum Brid. In all states and prov. of the Pacific Northwest; Cal., Nev., Colo. Sublette Co., Cooper & Andrus, 1994. ALBANY CO.: Laramie Peak, in the shaded aspen groves, Nelson
7536 [det. by Holzinger as B. bimum Schreb.:
printed label: Plants of Wyoming] (RM); on humus on bank of small stream
Medicine Bow Mtns, Schriever, 9, 10,000 ft. (RM). BIG HORN CO.: Big Horn
Mtns, off Devil Canyon Road above Little Tepee Creek, moist to wet meadow,
8300 ft., Nelson 3652, mature capsules July 13, 1979 (RM, BUF). CARBON CO.:
peaty knoll on shore of Lake Marie, 10,000 ft., Snowy Range, Medicine Bow
Mts., 13 miles E. of Ryan Park, Hermann 17146 [US], Aug. 19, 1961, good fruit
[id'd as B. inclinatum], with Ceratodon purpureus; Ferris Mountains,
Elias Nelson 4980 (US), c.fr. July 25, 1898 (id'd as B. cirratum),
cladautoicous + free endostome. JOHNSON CO.: Big Horn Mtns., along middle
fork Crazy Woman Creek, cf. fr. deoperculate, July 11, 1979, 8200 ft., Nelson
3584 (BUF, RM), with Leptobryum
pyriforme and Ceratodon purpureus.
SHERIDAN CO.: Big Horn Mtns., limestone outcrops and adjacent forest, 8000
ft. Hartman 10253 (RM). SUBLETTE CO.: 10,325 ft., H. Rolston, III 85101 (CS).
NOTE: This plant has complex sexuality, with male buds on separate branches. The stems are many-branched and felted with rhizoides, unlike B. lisae. The Albany specimen had thick-walled cells, but rather rhomboidal and elongate, not short (3: 1 or less). The fruiting stem may have an archegonium or two, and be apparently synoicous and then easy to mistake as B. lisae. The bulb-like habit of B. caespiticium with little branches should be looked at in comparison with this species. The Yellowstone specimen also has many branches, up to six with innovations on the branches. One of the side branches of the fruiting stem bore archegonia and no antheridia could be found on the stem examined. If you dissect a plant of this type and it has copious antheridia, it is probably this species, not B. lisae. The cell dimensions are indistinguishable from B. lisae, frequently being quite long. Note the toothed awn. Flowers has a good discussion of B. pallescens based on the habit: “stems abundantly branched with numerous short innovations ... very densely interwoven with rhizoids ... Well-developed, much branched typical specimens in very dense cushions are easily identified and it is usually easy to demonstrate the autoicous habit. Much care will need to be exercised in separating the shoots to make certain that some of the numerous branches are not broken off, or that closely adhering stems of a separate shoot are not taken to be part of only one plant.” p. 372. Has good illustration of the sexuality. Bryum pseudotriquetrum (Hedw.) Gaertn., Meyer & Scherb. [Note in 1990 checklist the var. bimum is subsumed under var. pseudotriquetrum!] Bryum bimum Schreb. ex Brid. Bryum crassirameum Ren. & Card. Bryum crassirameum Ren. & Card. Bryum dimorphophyllum Card. & Thér. Bryum euryloma Card. & Thér. Bryum haematocarpum C. Muell. & Kindb. in Macoun Bryum pseudotriquetrum var. bimum (Schreb. ex Brid.) Lilj. Bryum pseudotriquetrum var. crassirameum Ren. & Card. Hypnum pseudotriquetrum (Hedw.) Web. & Mohr In all states and provinces of the Pacific Northwest:
Alask., (Dioicous - no antheridia seen): ALBANY CO.: wet rocks,
Sheep Mountain (as B. alpinum L.):
c. fr., Sept. 2, 1903, Goodding 2098, det. Holzinger (Plants of Wyoming,
printed label) [RM, US]; In spruce woods, Medicine Bow Mts, July 30, 1900,
Aven Nelson 7822 (RM) in exsiccat Plants of Wyoming. FREMONT CO: swampy
border of Fiddler's Lake (Wyo. Rte.131), alt. 9300 ft., 22 miles SSW Hermann
25294, June 18, 1973 (RM). PARK CO.: Beartooth Plateau, Cooke City to Red
Lodge Hwy; W side Beartooth Pass, under late snow patch on steep slope N of
switchback; rills & snowbeds, 3200 msm, Weber, Aug. 18, 1973 B-44305
(COLO, RM). (Var. bimum Schreb. ex
Brid.) Lilj. = synoicous), SHERIDAN CO.: wet ground, A. Nelson 2416 (RM).
SUBLETTE CO.: Bridger Wilderness, Wind River Range 14/viii/1989 Barnes Lake,
9747 ft. elev., 42°57'30”N, 109°36'W. Mineralized seeps at south end of lake.
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This is supposed to be a West Coast species, with red capsules and leaves imbricate, i.e., barely contorted. [See note under B. pallens - the specimen of Nelson, 4977 at US was B. pallens.] One specimen of Bryum pseudotriquetrum s. lat. seen from RM had brown capsules and was synoicous, perhaps indicating that the dioicous-synoicous condition is variable. [Specimen = Nelson, A. 7002 Plants of Wyoming exsiccat, Holzinger Det. Sand Creek, Albany Co., June 1, 1900, on the river banks under a cliff. The determination had a query. As Lawton says: p. 172 The stems are red. The branching is by innovation with slender delicate branches with small, distant leaves growing out of the rosulate stem apex, often surrounding the seta. The leaves are erect-spreading and twisted, contorted when dry. Slightly to conspicuously decurrent; margins recurved near to apex. Costa strong. The walls are rather thick and pitted. The conspicuous dense growth of reddish brown rhizoids extends nearly to the top of the stem. The decurrencies are conspicuous in sterile specimens with leaves distant on stems: the red and green are bright, dense, the stem surface comes off in long strips from the base of the costa (Park Co. spm.). It appears that the costa is percurrent, rather than long awned. Bryum sandbergii Holz. = Roellia roellii (Broth. in Roell.) Andrews ex Crum Bryum stenotrichum C. Muell. = Bryum amblyodon C. Muell. Bryum tortifolium Funck in Brid. = Bryum cyclophyllum (Schwaegr.) Bruch & Schimp. in B.S.G. Bryum turbinatum (Hedw.) Turn. Bryum anceps Card. & Thér. Bryum denticulatum Kindb. in Macoun Bryum extenuatum Ren. & Card. Bryum haematophyllum Kindb. in Macoun Hypnum turbinatum (Hedw.) Web. & Mohr. Mnium turbinatum Hedw. Brit. Colo., Mont., Wyoming; Yuk., Nev., Utah, Colo.; Sask; reported from Idaho, Cal., Ariz. Tower Falls, Yellowstone National Park (collector unknown), Porter, 1935. Teton Co., Spence 1985. ALBANY CO.: La Plata Mines, Elias Nelson 5176 (RM) Aug. 25, 1898, with Leptobryum pyriforme, Mnium marginatum (in packet of) and Distichium capillaceum. CARBON CO: Ferris Mts., Flora of Wyoming, Elias Nelson 4978, July 25, 1898 (NY); (as var. latifolium Schimp.) Ferris Mts., Elias Nelson 4978 with Cratoneuron filicinum, July 25, 1898 (US, RM). PARK CO.: Togwotee Pass, 9658 ft., Elva Lawton, 1725, Aug. 13, 1953, c. fr. (indehiscent) (NY). SUBLETTE CO.: 11,200 ft., alpine, moist area, H. Rolston III, 85098 (Colo. St. U.). YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK. Slough Creek, 1000 m, P. H. Hawkins, Aug. 22, 1922 (NY); P. H. Hawkins, 538, July 2-7, 1922, c. fr. (NY). CARBON CO.: [As Bryum crassirameum R. & S.”?”] Ferris Mountains, [Carbon Co.] Elias Nelson 4977 (US & RM) is beautiful material - the cilia are poorly developed, the leaves not contorted, the cells lax, and the plants dioicous (male plants in the specimen with buds at the stem tips). It fruited July 25, 1898. The margins were recurved, but not consistently so to the apex - mostly appearing not recurved. The dioicous condition was distinctive, as far as descriptions are concerned. The capsules were relatively short, the operculum not particularly small, and not zygomorphic - see discussion in Flowers who often found the capsules straight. The distinction from B. uliginosum is apparently sexual (uliginosum is autoicous, small mouthed with a longer, long necked capsule). Also in B. pallens, according to Lawton, the cilia are appendiculate, in B. uliginosum they are rudimentary - in this specimen the cilia were variously developed and appendiculate. I originally called this B. pallens, but according to Spence, the leaves in that species are narrowly ovate: these are broadly ovate-lanceolate. To separate it from B. pseudotriquetrum, the leaf cells were large as in measurements described below, and the capsules were short and fat. There may be sterile B. pseudotriquetrum in which the B. turbinatum was growing. See comparison with B. uliginosum below. The Nelson 4978 specimen had tiny male plants, that is, the antheridia were found with some effort. The plants were DIOICOUS. This specimen was striking by the broad pyriform capsules. The leaves when dry were NOT contorted, but erect and undulate, with leaves a DULL yellow-green. The plant is striking by its erect leaf margins (not recurved) and the lax to firm-lax leaf cells. The stem was not rosulate. Note, however, the (to me) distinct leaf border which in older leaves is BISTRATOSE in parts in OLDER leaves - this differs from all descriptions of this taxon (indistinct and unistratose) but SPENCE's. I found the peristome teeth yellow-brown and not very distinctive. B. schleicheri is said to be of the Pacific coast and coast ranges, with leaves that are SHINY and erect. Since this specimen (Nelson 4978) is clearly in the interior I have concurred with the designation B. turbinatum. ? Bryum uliginosum (Brid.) Bruch & Schimp. in B.S.G. Bryum cernuum (Sw.) Lindb. Bryum conditum Williams Bryum turbinatum var. pallens Drumm. Cladodium uliginosum Brid. “Reported from Wyoming,” Lawton (1971). Teton Co., Spence 1985. LEAVES SIMILAR: both [turbin.] with strong, percurrent costae, with PLANE leaf margins (NON REVOLUTE) except a little at the bottom; both with rather large, rather lax quadrate to short-rectangular leaf cells. Both can be reddish, especially after being in the sun for a year. DIFFERENCES: Gametophyte: ULIG> to 5 mm leaves; TURB> 1.5-2 (-2.5) mm leaves strong border border indistinct autoicous dioicous FAT capsule long-necked capsule short-necked; PAL> capsule inbetween (medium-necked) ulig. “male & female heads terminal on short branches, inconspicuous and hard to demonstrate, antheridia few, small” p. 223 Andrews. AUTOICOUS rare, uncertain dist. Cilia rudimentary or lacking turb. antheridia numerous in a large bud-like terminal head that can be seen in the collection before dissection occurs, so look for these first before sexing at the base of the seta. DIOICOUS capsule: to 6 mm slender-clavate to 3.5, broad pyriform asymmetric, arcuate symmetric mouth sub-oblique mouth straight B. pallens. DIOICOUS Leaves with a distinct border, bistratose in part......... B. pallens dioicous; spores 13-20 µm; cilia appendiculate median leaf cells 50-70 x 18-24. Costa excurrent in upper lvs. B. uliginosum; autoicous, spores 23-30 µm; cilia rudimentary. Median leaf cells 60-85 x 20-30 Leaves with a unistratose border; costa plainly excurrent in the upper leaves; border indistinct .................. B. turbinatum [According to Spence, this has a bistratose border in older leaves, too] Median leaf cells 40-70 x 16-20 spores 15-18 µm. Flowers says p. 364 “The large curved capsule and large lax leaves make this moss easily recognizable.” Can have a big leaf, up to 5 mm!. Note that, like B. turbinatum, it has large more or less lax cells and the margins are not recurved (plane) but, unlike B. turbinatum which has no distinct border, B. uliginosum has cells “thin walled and lax, rather abruptly narrowly linear on the margins forming a strong border.” Note that Flowers indicates a 6 mm long capsule! B. uliginosum is also autoicous, B. turbinatum dioicous with a capsule to 3.5 mm and BROAD-pyriform, not curved or asymmetric (Andrews, p 226). B. uliginosum has a capsule “curved downward at the neck with a small mouth “often slightly oblique” (Flowers). Bryum weigelii Spreng. in Biehler Bryum duvalii Voit in Sturm Bryum leucobasis Kindb. Mnium duvalii (Voit) Schwaegr. Brit. Colo., Wash., Idaho, Mont., Wyoming; Alaska, Cal., Utah. Colo.; Mich., Ont.; Quebec, New Berun, Nova Scot., New Eng. (As Bryum duvalii Voit. in Sturm) Laramie Peak, Albany Co. (Aven Nelson, 7553), Porter, 1935. Teton Co., Spence 1985. CARBON CO.: Medicine Bow Mountains, 8600 ft., F. J. Hermann 26717 (RM). Laramie Peak, shaded stream banks, Nelson 7553, Plants of Wyoming 7553, sterile. NOTE: leaves serrulate at apex in Pohlia wahlenbergii, in Bryum weigelii, margins are entire. Both have leaves distant on the stem (see Pohlia wahlenbergii). This species may look strikingly like a Mnium in etiolated forms of wet habitats. The stems are long, tangled and reclining to matted in appearance like some Mnia. It is separated from species in that genus by the toothless margins and the long decurrencies. As far as I know, there are no toothless Mnia coupled with these long decurrencies. The apiculate apex of B. weigelii, in the upper leaves, is also diagnostic. Buxbaumia spp. Yellowstone Lake, Yellowstone National Park, collected by H. S. Conard. No specimen seen (Porter, 1935). Buxbaumia aphylla Hedw. YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK: about 7 miles from Canyon Lodge on road to Norris, Aug. 29, 1951, c. fr., E. Lawton, 1505 (WTU). Buxbaumia viridis (DC.) Moug. & Nestl. Buxbaumia aphylla var. viridis DC. in Lam. & DC. Buxbaumia indusiata Brid. In all states.. of the LINCOLN CO.: on well-rotted log in partial clearing on spruce- fir slope along Porcupine Creek, Greys River Valley, 6600', Salt River Range, 18 miles SE, Alpine Junction, Aug. 30, 1973, c.fr., F. J. Hermann, 25593 (WTU). Calliergon cordifolium (Hedw.) Kindb. Calliergon cordifolium (Hedw.) Kindb. Calliergon cordifolium f. intermedium Grout Hypnum cordifolium Hedw. Yellowstone Lake, Yellowstone National Park (Smiley); Carbon County (Porter, 1694), Porter, 1935. Carbon Co., Yellowstone National Park, Porter, 1937. Sublette Co., Cooper & Andrus, 1994. PARK CO.: wet soil in white spruce fen at base of Cathedral Cliff, 2 mi. E of Crandall Ranger Station, 6,600 ft J. C. Elliott 1778 (BUF) Aug. 12, 1990. CARBON CO.: Stampmill Lake, with Sphagnum in an alpine bog mat, 10,000 ft., C.L. Porter 2084 (TENN); near Silver Lake, mixed with Sphagnum in a floating mat in a bog, 10,000 ft., Porter 1694 (TENN). Calliergon giganteum (Schimp.) Kindb. ALBANY CO.: 8500 ft., Hermann 25607, (RM) and Sturges #251, 9700 ft., (RM); NW base of Sheep Mtn. along WY 11, ca. 4 air mi ESE of Centennial, seep area (calcareous fen) with Populus, Betula, Salix, Buck 23240 (NY); ca. 4 air miles E-SE of Centennial, NW base of Sheep Mountain along WY11, 7700-7900 ft., Populus, Betula, and Salix associated with spring seep; open fen, N. G. Miller 10, 274 (NYS) June 7, 1993. See note at genus start regarding variability of the costa in branch leaves for this species. Only the stem leaves consistently reach the apex or apical region. ? Calliergon richardsonii (Mitt.) Kindb. in Warnst. Calliergon subgiganteum Kindb. Hypnum richardsonii (Mitt.) Lesq. & James Stereodon richardsonii Mitt. Crum & Anderson p. 1003, mention a report from Wyoming, but did not see a specimen. Perhaps they are referring to Lawton's citation. Calliergon sarmentosum (Wahlenb.) Kindb. = Sarmenthypnum sarmentosum (Wahlenb.) Tuom. & T. Kop. Calliergon stramineum (Brid.) Kindb. Teton Co., Spence 1985. Sublette Co., Cooper & Andrus, 1994. ALBANY CO.: 10,800 ft., H. Rolston III 86091 (RM). PARK
CO.: 9700 ft., Hartman 18545, (RM); W.A. Weber B-44280, 2900 msm (RM, COLO).
SUBLETTE CO.: Bridger Wilderness, Wind River Range 15/viii/1989 ca. 1/4 mile
SW of Barnes Lake, 9780 ft. elev. 42°59'N, 109°36'W. Pothole fen. Calliergon trifarium (Web. & Mohr) Kindb. Sublette Co., Cooper & Andrus 1994. Calliergon turgescens (T. Jens.) Kindb. = Pseudocalliergon turgescens (T. Jens.) Loeske Calliergon turgescens (T. Jens.) Kindb. Hypnum turgescens T. Jens. Scorpidium turgescens (T. Jens.) Loeske PARK CO.: (As Scorpidium turgescens) alpine bogs, 3250msm, Weber, B-44257 (RM, COLO). Calliergonella cuspidata (Hedw.) Loeske Calliergonella conardii Lawt. YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK: Lost Lake, Aug. 17, 1953, E. Lawton 1821 (isotype, WTU); with Dichelyma uncinata, Lost Lake near Roosevelt Lodge, Aug. 28, 1951, E. Lawton 1495 (WTU); 9 miles south of Madison Junction, Aug. 29, 1951, E. Lawton 1512 (WTU). Note how distant the leaves are on the stem of all specimens seen: the stems are exposed, whereas on the next species, the stems are hidden by the leaves. Calliergonella cuspidata (Hedw.) Loeske Acrocladium cuspidatum (Hedw.) Lindb. Hypnum cuspidatum Hedw. Ireland, 1982. Sublette Co., Cooper & Andrus, 1994. YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK: Black Sand Basin, Aug. 18, 1953, E. Lawton, 1866 (WTU). Note: Crum apparently has a specimen from Wyoming. see p. 1012. This species may be confused with Hygrohypnum ochraceum in its softer, non calcium-encrusted forms, but that species may be distinguished by the much longer forked costa extending to the leaf middle and somewhat beyond, whereas C. cuspidata's costae are short. Camptothecium lutescens (Hedw.) Schimp. in B.S.G. = Homalothecium lutescens (Hedw.) Robins. Excluded from North America [1990 checklist] CAMPYLIUM Note that species of Campylium seem to approach the appearance of Conardia compacta in the Brachytheciaceae - that species has long almost vermicular leaf cells rather than the boxy cells of the Amblystegiaceae generally. That species also has a longer costa than in any species of Campylium which goes to the leaf middle or somewhat above. Also Conardia compacta has distinctive irregular serrations at the basal margins. Campylium chrysophyllum (Brid.) J. Lange ALBANY CO.: 8500 ft., F.J. Hermann 17773 (RM); ca. 4 air miles E- SE of Centennial, NW base of Sheep Mountain along WY11, 7700-7900 ft. Populus, Betula, and Salix associated with spring seep; fen area, on soil bank, N.G. Miller 10,277 (NYS) June 7, 1993, with Leptobryum pyriforme and Hennediella heimii. NATRONA CO.; S of I25, take Center St. to Wolcott St to Casper Mtn. Drive WY252. Rotary Club Park in N-slope foothills of mtn. Wooded creek ravine. Salix, Ribes, Alnus. Granite rocks; with Cratoneuron filicinum. July 7, 1985, Eckel 94100400 (BUF). SWEETWATER CO.: ca. 6,4000', on US(187)191 at 14-Mile Reservoir picnic area, US Dept. Interior, wet wooden bridge over brooklet, shaded ravine in Artemisia scrubland, with Pottia heimii, July 5, 1985 PM Eckel 212086 (BUF). TETON CO.: on US26 & US237, 1.3 miles W of Togwotee Pass, Bridger-Teton Natl. Forest, ca. 9000', Picea-Pinus flexilis wood-land, xeric but for stream bottoms. Lupinulus, Asters, wooded stream, soggy debris, with Drepanocladus aduncus, Distichium capillaceum, Aulacomnium palustre, Brachythecium salebrosum, Cratoneuron filicinum, July 6, 1985 Eckel 94082108 (BUF). WESTON CO.: Beaver Creek, Aven Nelson 2563 (RM). See notes under Amblystegium trichophyllum: “Campylium hispidulum which is similar differs by the more conspicuous dentition, the channeled apex, the more abruptly acuminate condition from a broader base, the more slender apex, sometimes short-filiform often reflexed or bent backward.” Campylium chrysophyllum is strongly channeled in the apex and with more strongly falcate leaf tips again more abruptly acuminate. The costa is stronger, more than 1/2 the leaf length. Campylium hispidulum (Brid.) Mitt. Hypnum hispidulum Brid. Cooper Hill, Albany County (Aven Nelson, 4296); Beaver
Creek, Weston County (Aven Nelson, 2563), Porter, 1935. ALBANY CO.: Medicine Bow Mts., Medicine Bow National Forest, Barber Lake Picnic Area, 2.5 air miles NW of Centennial, Pinus contorta forest along Libby Creek, 2660 msm, Buck 23189 (NY), (in specimen labeled Amblystegium serpens, with Cirriphyllum cirrosum, associated with rotten wood). Campylium polygamum (Schimp. in B.S.G.) C. Jens. (As Amblystegium polygamum B.S.G.) Lawton where Wyoming is cited. ALBANY CO.: 10,000 ft., F.J. Hermann 17691 (RM). Campylium stellatum (Hedw.) C. Jens. Beaver Creek, Weston County, (Aven Nelson, 2556), Porter, 1935. Weston Co., Porter, 1937. Sublette Co., Cooper & Andrus, 1994. ALBANY CO.: peaty vertical bank of streamlet in mtn. meadow, 1 1/4 miles S of Brooklyn Lake, alt. 10,000 ft., Medicine Bow Mts, 9 miles W of Centennial, Hermann, 17679 1/2 (RM). CARBON CO.: wet, rocky edge of Trail Creek, W. of Sand Lake Rd, alt. 9000 ft., Medicine Bow Mountains, 4 1/2 miles SW of Morgan, Hermann 17807 (RM). PARK CO.: wet marly substrate, in calcareous fen at base of Cathedral Cliffs, 2 mi. E of Crandall Ranger Station, 6,600 ft, J. C. Elliott 1716 (BUF) Aug. 12, 1990. SUBLETTE CO.: Bridger Wilderness, Wind River Range 14/viii/1989 Barnes Lake, 9747 ft. elev., 42°57'30”N, 109°36'W. Mineralized seeps at south end of lake, R. Andrus 7786 (BING). WESTON CO.: Beaver Creek, Aven Nelson 2556 (RM). Two other varieties are var. arcticum (Williams) Sav.-Ljub. and var. protensum (Brid.) Bryhn [1990 checklist]. Campylopus fragilis (Brid.) Bruch & Schimp. in B.S.G. Campylopus citrescens Stirt. Dicranum fragile Brid. British Columbia, Washington, Wyoming; Florida. (Crum & Anderson have excluded this taxon from the Eastern North American flora p.218). YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK: about 5 miles from Canyon Lodge, road to Norris, Aug. 29, 1951, E. Lawton 1498 (WTU). Note: this specimen is differentiated from Campylopus schimperi Milde by the presence of stereid cells on the dorsal side of the costa in section, whereas C. schimperi's cells are said to be too wide to qualify as stereids. Campylopus schimperi is smooth on the back of the costa (Crum & Anderson), whereas C. fragilis has ridges (Smith, 1978). Campylopus tallluensis Sull. & Lesq. Yellowstone Park, Heart Lake, hot water formation, Streeler s.n. (DUKE). “Campylopus tallulensis occurs in southeastern North America in Virginia, North and South Carolina, Tennessee, Georgia, Arkansas, Alabama, Ohio and Louisiana with disjunct occurrences in the west in southern Arizona and Wyoming. It is also known from Mexico - where it is rather common, Bolivia and Colombia. This distribution pattern in southeastern United States, Mexico and northern South America, which is characteristic of other bryophytes and flowering plants, is considered indicative of Tertiary relictual status (Crum 1951 dissertation). Because of confusions with C. flexuosus, the total range of C. tallulensis is not yet sufficiently known.” Frahm 1980). Not in checklist Ceratodon purpureus (Hedw.) Brid. Ceratodon columbiae Kindb. Ceratodon conicus (Hampe) Lindb. Dicranum purpurascens Hedw. Dicranum purpureum Hedw. Trichostomum conicum Hampe in C. Muell. A weedy species found in almost every type of habitat, on soil, soil over rock, etc., in the Pacific Northwest on shaded roofs of houses in the city; cosmopolitan, extremely common, widespread throughout the United States and Canada. As Ceratodon minor Aust. Yellowstone Canyon, Yellowstone National Park (Smiley), Porter, 1935. [Ceratodon minor = Ceratodon purpureus var. conicus (Hamp.) Husn. cf. Dix. Stud. Handb. Brit. Moss. 69. 1896. Index Muscorum which in the new checklist (Anderson, et al. 1990) = var. purpureus.] Common throughout most of the State; Albany County, Carbon, Crook, Johnson, Sheridan, Teton Counties and Yellowstone National Park, Porter 1935. “Common in front of glaciers”, Teton Range, Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming, Spence, 1981. Teton Co., Spence 1985. Campbell Co., Medina, 1994. ALBANY CO.: 8,500', Lichvar 1339 (RM); 10,500,' 1328 (RM).
BIGHORN CO: with USA, Wyoming, Big Horn Co., just off US16 between TenSleep
& Buffalo (near Sitting Bull Campsite). Pinus contorta v. latifolia
being lumbered. Just N of Washakie Co. border. ca. 5000' Disturbed soil, Bryum lisae var. cuspidatum July 6, 1985 Eckel 94092201 (BUF, RM). CARBON CO.: [in
specimen of Desmatodon latifolius],
rotted wood in soil in lodgepole pine woods along Trail Creek, Sand Lake Rd.,
alt 9000 ft., Medicine Bow Mts., 4.5 miles SW Morgan, F. J. Hermann 17813
(WTU). CROOK CO.: Devils Tower Natl. monument, summit of Devils Tower, M.
Fortney, July, 1990 (BUF, NY). JOHNSON CO.: Big Horn Mtns. along middle fork
Crazy Woman Creek, stream bank, 8200 ft., Nelson 3584, in packet of Bryum pallescens. FREMONT CO.: Frye
June 23, 1931, (RM). PARK CO.: 6000ft., Vukelich April 1, 1988 (BUF).
SUBLETTE CO.: Bridger Wilderness, Wind River Range 17/viii/1989 ca. 1.5 mile
east of Barnes Lake, 10,080 ft. elev. 42°58'W, 109°34'W. Thin peat terrace. Separate from Cynodontium leaves by having no papillae, even on the margins; from those of Oncophorus by not being subulate and by being strongly revolute nearly to the apex; from Dicranoweisia species by either being recurved or not bistratose anywhere; from Ditrichum species by the non-subulate, non-awned leaves, by never being bistratose and by being recurved; [Rhabdoweisia only occurs in the eastern US]. When it has sharp pointed teeth at the apex, it is not a Bryoerythrophyllum recurvirostrum since the leaf cells are smooth (not papillose). B. recurv. hasn't got the deep channel near the apex and B. recuv. has elongate hyaline thin-walled basal cells, which C. purpureus does not. Ceratodon purpureus var. dimorphus (Philib.) Moenk. LINCOLN CO.: basalt outcrop, alt 6700 ft., F. J. Hermann 25597 (RM). This name is the same as C. purpureus (Hedw.) Brid. var. purpureus [1990 checklist] Cinclidium stygium SW. in Schrad. PARK CO.: wet marl in calcareous fen complex at the base of Cathedral Cliffs, 2 mi. E of Crandall Ranger Station, Shoshone Natl. Forest, 6,600 ft. J. C. Elliott 1732 (BUF, NYS) Aug. 12, 1990. Cirriphyllum cirrosum (Schwaegr. in Schultes) Grout ALBANY CO.: Medicine Bow Mts., Medicine Bow National Forest, Barber Lake Picnic Area, 2.5 air miles NW of Centennial, Pinus contorta forest along Libby Creek, 2660 msm, Buck 23189 (NY), (in specimen labeled Amblystegium serpens, with Campylium hispidulum, associated with rotten wood). Note how serrate the margins are, as in C. piliferum (in Crum & Anderson, p. 1061), note long decurrencies down stem. CLIMACIUM Climacium americanum: stem leaf apices acuminate, same as the branch leaves, BRANCH leaves auriculate. Climacium dendroides: stem leaf apices obtuse & apiculate, different from the branch leaves; BRANCH leaves not or little auriculate. Climacium americanum Brid. [following synonymy Crum & Anderson, 1981] Climacium americanum var. pseudo-kindbergii Card. & Thér. Lawton, 1971, does not distinguish C. americanum as separate from C. dendroides. “Specimens from Wyoming have been determined as C. americanum, and it is found in central and eastern North America as far south as Tennessee,” p. 235. Centennial, Albany County (Aven Nelson, 1724), Porter, 1935. Teton Co., Spence 1985. SUBLETTE CO.: Bridger Wilderness, Wind River Range
14/viii/1989 Barnes Lake, 9747 ft. elev., 42°57'30”N, 109°36'W. Mineralized
seeps at south end of lake [auriculate lvs, short cells]. Climacium dendroides (Hedw.) Web. & Mohr. Albany County, Teton County, and Yellowstone National
Park, Porter, 1935. Cooper & Andrus, 1994. ALBANY CO., Sturges #250, (RM), 9700ft. CARBON CO.: on the floating mat of a peat bog, near Silver Lake, Medicine Bow Mtns. 10,500 ft., Porter 1752 (RM). JOHNSON CO.: Big Horn National Forest, Hunter Quadrant (A) Cloud Peak Wilderness Area. 8120 ft. T50N R81W, Sec. 29 August 20, 1992. wet area W of Circle Park Campground. Katherine Zacharkevics (BING). PARK CO.: Beartooth Plateau, swales around small lakes, subalpine zone twn Long Lake & lower Sheepherder Lakes, 2900 msm, Weber (COLO, RM). SUBLETTE CO. 10,324 ft., Holmes Rolston 85131 (Colo. St. U. Herb.). YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK: along the Yellowstone River just abov the Falls, on ground, Frye, July 7, 1934 (RM). [Albany Co.] Centennial Valley, A. Nelson 1724, Aug. 18, 1895 (RM). Climacium kindbergii (Ren. & Card.) Grout “In a small peat bog,” Carbon County (Porter, 1752), Porter, 1935. This taxon is now accepted in the North American Checklist (Anderson, et al. 1990). Crum & Anderson, 1981, had regarded it as only a response to inundation, with plants long and trailing “somewhat like a Fontinalis is field appearance. The branching is irregular. The leaves are broadly rounded at the base but not particularly auriculate, the upper cells are rhombic and only about 2 - 4: 1, and a few large, lax cells are found in the alar region.” p. 1231. |
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Conardia compacta (C.Muell.) Robins. Rhynchostegiella compacta (C.M.) Loeske ALBANY CO.: NW base of Sheep Mtn, along WY 11, ca. 4 air miles ESE of Centennial, seep area (calcareous fen) with Populus, Betula and Salix, Buck 23249 (NY). FREMONT CO.: Dubois, Fish Hatchery, E. Lawton, Aug. 12, 1953, 1721, c. fr. (WTU). PARK CO.: wet soil in white spruce fen at base of Cathedral Cliff, 2 mi. E of Crandall Ranger Station, 6,600 ft J. C. Elliott 1941 (BUF) April 19, 1992. YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK: Clematis Gulch Trail, E. Lawton, Aug. 16, 1953, 1784 c fr. (WTU). Might be confused at first with Campylium because of the long, narrow leaf tips, but the costa here is longer - to the leaf tip to percurrent, which never happens in Campylium. Perhaps the most distinctive feature of this species are the marginal cells at the base which have sharp serrations which are heterogeneous in shape: one or two of which might appear to be recurved, and may be composed of the top of one cell and the base of the one above it. Coscinodon calyptratus (Hook. in Drumm.) C. Jens. ex Kindb. Coscinodon calyptratus (Hook.) C. Jens.in Kindb. Grimmia calyptrata Hook. in Drumm. Guembelia calyptrata (Hook.) C. Muell. In all states and provinces of the Pacific Northwest; California, Arizona, New Mexico, Nevada, Utah, Colorado. Common on granite rocks, especially in the southern part of the State. Albany County (Porter, 1012, 480, 626), Sublette County (Porter, 1124), Porter, 1935. Weston Co., Wynne 1943. Campbell Co., Medina, 1994. ALBANY CO.: crevice in granite boulder in Lodgepole woods above Libby Creek Picnic Ground, Snowy Range, 8700 ft., 2 1/2 miles NW of Centennial, Hermann 24864 (RM), June 7, 1972; excellent specimen - Willow Creek, Elias Nelson 2917 (RM), May 22, 1897. BIG HORN CO.: Big Horn Natl. For., Lake Helen Quad., Cloud Peak Wilderness Area, 10,200 ft., Aug. 3, 1992, Katherine Zacharkevics (BING). LINCOLN CO.: tight dense polsters on boulder in Greys River, 7 miles S of Twin Creek, 6700 ft., Salt River Range, 44 miles SSE of Alpine Junction, Hermann 25605 (RM), Aug. 30, 1973. PLATTE CO.: PM Eckel 820386 (RM, BUF). PARK CO.: Parsons, June 10, 1990 (BUF, RH). SWEETWATER CO.: on the sides of a big rock, Bush Ranch, Aven Nelson 7092 (RM), June 10, 1900, exsiccat Plants of Wyoming (as Grimmia alpestrisSchleich. det Holz.). Species has large areas of cells that are sub-sinuose, including the basal region. Most striking perhaps is the broad base of the awn confluent with the upper lamina. CRATONEURON You MUST find the filamentous paraphyllia on the stem or you will probably think you are looking at a Drepanocladus (whose paraphyllia, when you can see them, are oriented to the leaf bases, not general over the stem). Illustrations of this genus tend to emphasize the deltoid looking forms, but C. commutatum looks more often than not exactly like a Drepanocladus, with thick walled basal/alar cells. It has long leaf cells and can be subentire except perhaps at the base and tip of the leaf. Note also in Cratoneuron (commutatum) how thick and wiry the stem is, noticeable when you attempt to strip leaves off - the leaves like as not will shred themselves and discomfit you. Drepanocladus stems are softer and the leaves do not disintegrate so readily. Cratoneuron commutatum (Hedw.) Roth = Palustriella commutata (Brid.) Ochyra Cratoneuron commutatum var. falcatum (Brid.) Moenk. = Palustriella commutata (Brid.) Ochyra Cratoneuron filicinum (Hedw.) Spruce Cratoneuron curvicaule (Jur.) G. Roth Cratoneuron filicinum var. curvicaule (Jur.) Moenk. Albany County, Carbon County, Crook County, Sublette
County, and Yellowstone National Park, Porter, 1935. ALBANY CO.: NW base of Sheep Mtn., along WY 11, ca. 4 air miles ESE of Centennial, seep area (calcareous fen) with Populus, Betula and Salix, Buck 23231 (NY). CARBON CO.: Ferris Mts. in a packet at US of Bryum turbinatum, Elias Nelson 4978, July 25, 1898. CROOK CO., Aven Nelson, 1896 (RM). LINCOLN CO: 6400 ft. Hermann 25589 (RM). NATRONA CO.; S of I25, take Center St. to Wolcott St to Casper Mtn. Drive. WY252. Rotary Club Park in N- slope foothills of mtn. Wooded creek ravine. Salix, Ribes, Alnus. Granite. rocks; with Campylium chrysophyllum, July 7, 1985 Eckel 94100401 (BUF). PARK CO.: wet marly substrate, in calcareous fen at base of Cathedral Cliffs, 2 mi. E of Crandall Ranger Station, 6,600 ft, J. C. Elliott 1720 (BUF) Aug. 12, 1990. TETON CO.: 7000 ft. Hermann 25563 (RM); on US26 & US237, 1.3 miles W of Togwotee Pass, Bridger-Teton Natl. Forest, ca. 9000', Picea-Pinus flexilis wood-land, xeric but for stream bottoms. Lupinulus, Asters. wooded stream, soggy debris July 6, 1985, Eckel 94082105 (BUF) Care must be taken that this species is not confused with Drepanocladus aduncus forms, such as var. kneiffii, which has long leaf cells and a channeled acumen in some forms and no serrations on the margin. ? Cynodontium alpestre (Wahlenb.) Milde Cynodontium subalpestre Kindb. in Macoun Cynodontium tenellum (B.S.G.) Limpr. Cynodontium torquescens Limpr. Dicranum gracilescens var. tenellum B.S.G. Oncophorus tenellus (B.S.G.) Williams British Columbia, Alberta, Montana, Wyoming, Alaska, Northwest Territory; Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, South Dakota, Minnesota, Michigan; Greenland, Labrador, Nova Scotia, Quebec, New England, New York. Cynodontium polycarpon (Hedw.) Schimp. [note ending in -on, not -um, as in 1990 checklist] Oncophorus polycarpus (Hedw.) Brid. (As Oncophorus polycarpus (Hedw.) Brid.) Mammoth and Yellowstone Canyon, Yellowstone National Park (R.S.Williams), Porter, 1935. (As Oncophorus polycarpus (Hedw.) Brid.) Yellowstone National Park, Porter, 1937. Excluded from the flora of North America by Crum et al. 1973. ? Cynodontium schisti (Web. & Mohr) Lindb. Cnestrum schisti (Web. & Mohr) Hag., Cynodontiella schisti (Web. & Mohr) Bryhn Grimmia schisti Web. & Mohr Oncophorus brevipes Lindb. Oncophorus schisti (Web. & Mohr) Lindb. Rhabdoweisia schisti (Web. & Mohr) B.S.G. Weissia schisti (Web. & Mohr) Brid. British Columbia, Alberta, Montana, Wyoming; Alaska, South Dakota, Michigan, Ontario; Quebec. (As Oncophorus schisti (Wahl.) Lindb.) Albany Co., Porter 1937. Desmatodon cernuus (Hueb.) Bruch & Schimp. in B.S.G. Cynodontium latifolium Schwaegr. Desmatodon camptothecius Kindb. in Macoun Desmatodon cernuus Hueb. Tortula cernua (Hueb.) Lindb. British Columbia, Alberta, Montana, Wyoming; Yukon, Nevada, Utah, Colorado; Manitoba, Wisconsin, Ontario; Greenland, Newfoundland, Quebec, Ohio. Wyoming, Flowers 1973. ALBANY CO.: 8500 ft., F.J. Hermann 17105 (RM), fr. August 17, 1961; northwest base of Sheep Mtn. along Wy Rte. 11; ca. 4 miles due ESE of Centennial, ca. 7,750 ft, fen with low forest of Populus, Betula, Salix in shallow water, a “hanging bog” on steep hillside, hummock under trees, W. D. Reese 18175 (LAF) June 7, 1993 with Desmatodon cernuus. YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK: Lower Falls, Yellowstone River, Bartley & Pontious Aug. 21, 1938 (RM); Soda Butte, Aug. 19, 1953, c. fr., E. Lawton 1905 (WTU). When I first saw a specimen of this species I thought it was a Bryum because of the large, thick walled, square to short rectangular, smooth upper cells, the apiculus or cusped leaf tip, but especially the border. The capsule was zygomorphic, however, and especially the teeth were coarsely papillose and pronged - unlike the delicate teeth with their sprinkles of minute papillae of Bryum. The long, delicate basal cells did not appear to be bryaceous. The capsule forbids Funariaceae or Splachnaceae (due to a sort of flaccid character of the leaf). A cross section of the leaf produced a distinctive Pottiaceous appearance with thick walled stereid cells dorsal to larger guides and epidermal cells, confluent with the laminal cells. Even though the cells were smooth walled, some were papillose near the costa, but really only detectable in section. You could have knocked me over to find it was a Desmatodon, and that definitely D. cernuus. In the future, look for the distinctive arched capsule. Sometimes, however, the capsule is shorter and more globose and the arcing is not apparent. The nice contrast between thick, squarrose upper cells and the long, flaccid, delicate cells of the base is distinctive, rather suggestive of Tortula in a vague sort of way. Desmatodon guepinii Bruch & Schimp. in B.S.G.. PARK CO.: 6400-6600 ft., 12567 (BUF, RM). Desmatodon heimii (Hedw.)
Mitt. var. heimii ? var. cylindrica Gymnostomum heimii Hedw. Pottia heimii (Hedw.) Fuernr. Pottia heimioides Kindb. in Macoun British Columbia, Washington, Alberta, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming; Alaska, Yukon, California, Nebada, Utah, New Mexico, Colorado; Saskatchewan, Manitoba; Quebec, New Brunswick. Antelope Basin, Albany Co. (Aven Nelson, 7485), [Sublette
cos.], Porter, 1935. [as var. cylindrica
Br. Centennial, Albany Co. (Aven Nelson, 7976); ALBANY CO.: Nelson 7484b (Holzinger) in with Bryum capillare specimen, exsiccat (RM); “cylindrica” Centennial, A. Nelson, 7976 (RM); NW base of Sheep Mtn along Wy11, seep area (calcareous fen) with Populus, Betula and Salix, Buck 23239 (NY), June 7 1993, young skinny green capsules and old year: probably ripen at end of month; in packet of Bryum caespiticium (RM), Aven Nelson 1538, Cummins, with Funaria hygrometrica; ca. 4 air miles E-SE of Centennial, NW base of Sheep Mountain along WY11, 7700-7900 ft. Populus, Betula, and Salix associated with spring seep; on soil bank N. G. Miller 10,269 (NYS) June 7, 1993, with Leptobryum pyriforme and Campylium chrysophyllum. SUBLETTE CO.: Eckel, 1985. SWEETWATER CO.: Ca. 6,400' on US (187)191, at 14-Mile Reservoir picnic area in Artemisia scrubland, moist shaded ravine over brook, with Leptobryum pyriforme and Campylium chrysophyllum, July 5, l985, Eckel 412086 (BUF, RH). There is also a variety var. arctica (Lindb.) Crum Desmatodon latifolius (Hedw.) Brid. (In Lawt. var. muticus (Brid.) Brid. is given with a Bryum piliferum Dicks. D. latifolius var. muticus (Brid.) Brid. Desmatodon glacialis Funck ex Brid. Desmatodon latifolius var. pilifer (Dicks.) Rabenh. Dicranum latifolium var. muticum Brid. Washington, Oregon, Alberta, Idaho, Wyoming; California, Nevada, Colorado; Quebec. In all states and provinces of the Pacific Northwest; Alaska, California, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, Colorado; Quebec. (As Desmatodon latifolius var. glacialis Schimp.) Nash's Fork, Albany County (Aven Nelson, 7810); Brooklyn Lake, Albany County (Aven Nelson, 1835) and Elias Nelson, 5234); Bridger Peak, Carbon Co. (Goodding, 1965). Elias Nelson's 5234 was determined by Holzinger as Barbula amplexa Lesq., and was so reported by Dr. Nelson (1900). Mr. E. B. Bartram is to be thanked for the correction,” Porter, 1935). “Common in front of glaciers”, Teton Range, Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming, Spence, 1981. Teton Co., Spence 1985. No county, Nelson #2865b (RM). CARBON-ALBANY CO.: (Desmatodon latifolius var. muticus), Aven Nelson, 7810 (RM).
ALBANY CO.: Nash's Fork, under spruce trees, 9000 ft., Nelson no 7810, c. fr.
& calyptrae July 29, 1900 (TENN); La Plata Mines, 10,000 ft., on soil, in
wet places, Nelson 5234 (TENN) (muticous form). CARBON CO.: Medicine Bow Mts.
var. latifolius, 9600-10,000 ft., ??? 20730 (RM, BUF); var. latifolius,
rotted wood in soil in lodgepole pine woods along Trail Creek, Sand Lake Rd.,
alt. 9000 ft., Medicine Bow Mts., 4.5 miles SW Morgan, Aug. 6, 1962, c.fr.,
F. J. Hermann 17813 (WTU), (var. muticus)
Medicine Bow Mts., 2.3 mi. above French Creek, Aug. 11, 1953, c. fr., E.
Lawton 1705 (WTU); var. muticus. F.
J. Hermann 17187 (RM). var muticus: Nash's Fork, Medicine Bow Mts., Aven
Nelson, 7810 (RM). PARK CO.: road from Bear Tooth Lodge to Red Lodge, east of
summit near small glacial lake at 10500 ft., c. fr. Aug. 21, 1953, E. Lawton
1967 (WTU). SUBLETTE CO.: Bridger Wilderness, Wind River Range 16/viii/1989
Near Bell Lakes 10,100 ft. elev. 42°58'N, 109°35'W. var. muticus, with Polytrichum
juniperinum, Bryum pseudotriquetrum, Pohlia
nutans. Note that the variety muticus has the costa ending before the apex, but with an apiculus or short awn made of laminal cells! Desmatodon leucostoma (R.Br.) Berggr. Barbula leucostoma R. Br. Desmatodon obliquus B.S.G., Desmatodon suberectus (Hook.) Limpr. Tortula suberecta Hook. in Drumm. [No county]: Big Horn National Forest, Prune Creek, Aug. 30, 1951, E. Whitehouse (WTU). SUBLETTE CO.: On steep, gravelly, peaty open slope above west shore of Lower Green River Lake, alt. 7950 ft., Wind River Range, 50 miles N of Pinedale, June 19, 1973, c.fr., F. J. Hermann 25339 (WTU). Desmatodon obtusifolius (Schwaegr.) Schimp. Barbula obtusifolia Schwaegr. Desmatodon arenaceus Sull. in Gray Desmatodon coloradensis Grout British Columbia, Washington, Alberta, Montana, Wyoming; Alaska, Utah, Colorado, Arizona, New Mexico; South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas, Texas, Manitoba, Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, Wisconsin, Michigan, Indiana, Ontaro; Quebec, New Jersey, Ohio, Tennessee. Weston Co., Wynne, 1943. WESTON CO., PM Eckel 1023686 (RM, BUF). ? Co., Kofa Mts., L.N. Goodding March 22, l939 (RM). Desmatodon plinthobius Sull. & Lesq. in Sull. Rochelle Hills, Campbell Co., Medina, 1994. ? Desmatodon porteri James in Aust. Cummins, Albany Co. (Aven Nelson, 1538, in part), Porter, 1937. [Actually in the dissertation it only says Albany County on p. 35.] Desmatodon systylius Schimp. Canadian Rocky Mountains, Wyoming; California; Newfoundland. LINCOLN CO: on US189 S at jct. with US30, Diamonville town limits, ca. 6927'. Rocky dry gully in hillside, Sarcobatus vermiculatus, Shadscale, Artemisia tridentata, Sego lily, Opuntia. On calcareous fine soil, c.fr. July 4, 1985, with Tortula ruralis, Eckel 94082200 (BUF, RM). Note that in the Lincoln Co. specimen the capsule variation is strongly reminiscent of that of [Pottia heimii], the setae are some long, some short, the capsules are some broad and dark, others seem thin and light - perhaps this is just the last season and the present. The gametophytes when not bleached yellow-orange are a fresh green, bright because they are not papillose like Pterygoneurum which is more dull, sordid brownish orange and green. Note the latter genus often has rough awns: D. systylius has smooth awns. This species also has the distinctive areolation of the group, lax, thin-walled, gradual transition from basal cells to those of the limb - a more delicate overall appearance. Dichelyma falcatum (Hedw.) Myr. Teton Co., Spence 1985. PARK CO.: 2900 msm, W. A. Weber B-44282 (RM, COLO). Dichelyma uncinatum Mitt. Dichelyma falcatum var. uncinatum (Mitt.) Lawt. Dichodontium olympicum Ren. & Card. Brooklyn Lake, Albany County (Elias Nelson, 5178), Porter, 1935. ALBANY CO: La Plata Mines, Elias Nelson, 5178, Aug. 25, 1898, (RM). Dichodontium pellucidum (Hedw.) Schimp. ALBANY CO.: Hermann 23423, 9800 ft., c.fr. Sept. 1, l970 (RM); Medicine Bow Mountains, Barber Lake Picnic area, 2.5 air miles NW of Centennial, along Libby Creek, 8720-8740 ft., Pinus contorta forest; on rock streamside, N. G. Miller 10,261B (NYS) June 7, 1993 + Brachythecium nelsonii. Dicranella schreberiana (Hedw.) Hilf. ex Crum & Anderson Cynodontium canadense Mitt. Dicranella schreberi var. elata Schimp. Dicranella schreberi var. lenta (Braithw.) Limpr. Dicranella schreberi var. occidentalis Aust. Dicranella schreberi var. robusta Schimp. ex Braithw. Dicranum schreberianum Hedw. British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, Alberta, Montana; Alaska; South Dakota, Michigan, Ontario; Labrador, Quebec, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, New Jersey. Note its discussion (rare) in Utah by Flowers. ALBANY CO.: Steep, peaty bank of Friend Creek in willow thicket, alt. 7800 ft., NW base of Laramie Peak, 19 miles SSW of Esterbrook, September 25, 1974, Hermann 25928 (RM); Moist peaty bank of Crow Creek in clearing, alt. 8000 ft., Medicine Bow National Forest, 26 miles SE of Laramie, c. fr., July 5, 1974, Hermann 25702 (RM). There is a var. robusta (Schimp. ex Braithw.) Crum & Anderson in the 1990 checklist. Dicranella subulata (Hedw.) Schimp. Dicranella secunda Lindb. Dicranum subulatum Hedw. British Columbia, Washington, Alberta, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming; Alaska, Yukon, California; Greenland, Labrador, New Brunswick, Quebec, New England, Ireland, 1982. ALBANY CO.: Lewis Lake, 10,800 ft., F. J. Hermann 17715 1/2 (RM). CARBON CO.: North French Creek, Medicine Bow Mts., 9500 ft., F.J. Hermann 17204 (RM). YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK: in slough, left of the first bridge, Uncle Tom's Trail, Dwight C. Smiley 165 (YELLO), Aug. 1, 1932, fruit just immature, calyptrate. The Dicranella
curvata Schimp. of Porter, 1935, reported for DICRANOWEISIA In the second species at least the stereid cells are not evident in the upper part of the leaf but the section must be made lower down. Dicranoweisia cirrata (Hedw.) Lindb. ex Milde YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK: Holzinger ex., Aven & Elias Nelson, 5892. To differentiate both of these bistratose-margined species, section this species to determine it is recurved, the following species is not. Also this species is not papillose nor does it have longitudinal cuticular thickenings (like Polytrichadelphus lyalii). It is never toothed in the apex like the following species, which is really “stepped” like Ceratodon and even Bryoerythrophyllum recurvirostrum. Dicranoweisia crispula (Hedw.) Lindb. ex Milde Dicranoweisia contermina Ren. & Card. Dicranoweisia crispula var. compacta (Schleich. ex Schwaer.) Lindb. in Kindb. Dicranoweisia crispula var. contermina (Ren. & Card.) Grout Dicranoweisia crispula var. roellii (Kindb. in Roell.) Lawt Weissia convoluta C. Muell. & Kindb. in Macoun Throughout the Pacific Northwest; (Var. crispula):
ALBANY CO.: granite boulder on aspen slope along N. Fork of Little Laramie
River, Sand Lake Rd., 8500 ft., Medicine Bow Mts., 3 miles W of Centennial,
Herman 17743, Aug. 4, 1962, c. fr. (RM); s.l. Medicine Bow Mtns, Barber Lake
Picnic area, 2.5 miles, air, NW of Centennial, along Libby Creek elev.
8720-8740 ft., Pinus contorta forest;
growing from crevice of boulder, N.G. Miller 10,255 (NYS) June 7, 1993. (Var.
contermina) BIG HORN CO.: Big Horn
Natl. For., Lake Helen Quandrant, Clout Peak Wilderness Area, 10,200 ft.,
Aug. 3, 1992, Katherine Zacharkevics (BING). FREMONT CO: Bridger-Teton
National Forest on US26 & US287, between Moran & Dubois. ca. 9000'
Apline meadow, much herbage. Wet with flowing streams. Granite outcrops. W
slopes of knoll, c.fr., Eckel 9308103 (BUF). (Var. crispula) PARK CO.; on
rocks 2900 msm, W.A.Weber B-44232 (COLO, RM); 2900 msm, W.A.Weber B-44232
(COLO, RM); (Var. contermina) PARK
CO.: granite bluff along Route 212, Shoshone Natl. Forest, 7500 ft., 47 miles
NW of Cody, Herman 20050, July 19, 1965 (RM). (Var. contermina) SHERIDAN CO.: limestone boulder in spruce/fir forest,
Big Horn National Forest, T57N, R89W, Section 34, McKee 92-F4 (RM) c. fr.
June 19, 1992, with Hypnum
cupressiforme, Tortella tortuosa, Tortula norvegica. (Var. contermina) SUBLETTE CO.: 7950 ft.,
F.J. Hermann 25320 (RM); Bridger Wilderness, Wind River Range 16/viii/1989
South fork Baldy Creek headwaters, 10,290 ft. elev. 42°59'N, 109°34'W. On
damp rock at edge of fen, Note the color: to a blue-green (like Eucladium verticillatum) in good situations, to sordid yellowish green, thin, contorted when dry in more xeric. Erect capsule, lightly and irregularly wrinkled, the striations, the bases of the teeth where the tips are usually eroded away are usually dark red and striate. Only two species of Dicranoweisia are reported for North America: D. cirrata and D. crispula without varieties: basal cell inflations are variable, as are all papillose to papillose-basaly striate peristomes together with their variable perichaetial/perigonial bracts (see Flower's discussion of the differences between these taxa, Bryologist 59: 239-244) Note that the dried capsules, though not longitudinally striate as in Cynodontium, are irregularly so (rugose) with rugae “squirming” on the capsule surface. Note also how like Ceratodon purpureus the leaves are, with their deeper channeling, toothed or stepped apical margins and box- like cells (square). The double layer of cells is distinctive. Note that occasionally the longitudinal striations are quite visible in cells just above the basal cells; they may be high enough to be discerned by the shallow depth of field under high magnification (x570). If the striae are not very high, a cross section is necessary. Note also that the leaves of this species are not recurved but appear to be that way because of the double to triple cell layers at the extreme margins - a section is definitive. In the variety crispula, the inner perichaetial leaves are convolute- sheathing, with no limb, obtuse to acute. In the var. contermina, there is a limb in the inner perichaetial leaves, the perichaetial leaves tend to be acuminate. Note that Europeans and Crum & Anderson do not refer to a var. contermina. The inflated basal cells of the typical variety are not demonstrated in this variety, or only occasionally. Perhaps specimens in the western United States lose the distinction of this characteristic. However, the perichaetial leaves don't correlate: convolute leaves with no limb or awn may be found with leaves with no inflated alar cells. Note Flowers (1973) “Since most of our plants have undifferentiated alar cells associated with acute to broadly obtuse convolute-clasping inner perichaetial leaves, var. contermina loses much of its supposed individuality and rests only on the clasping but scarcely convolute inner perichaetial leaves with rather long acuminate upper portions.” Dicranum fuscescens Turn. Dicranum camptophyllum Kindb. Dicranum congestum Brid. Dicranum crispulum C. Muell. & Kindb. in Macoun Dicranum leucobasis C. Muell. & Kindb. in Macoun Dicranum sulcatum Kindb. in Macoun Dicranum trachyphyllum Ren. & Card. Throughout the Pacific Northwest; Alaska, Yukon, California, Colorado; Minnesota, Michigan, Ontario; Greenland and Labrador to Florida. YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK: Clematis Gulch Trail, E. Lawton 1799 (YELLO) Aug. 16, 1953. There is a var. flexicaule (Brid.) Wils. in the 1990 checklist. Dicranum muehlenbeckii Bruch & Schimp. in B.S.G. Dicranum rauei Aust. (Rare) British Columbia, Alberta, Montana, Wyoming; Alaska, Northwest Territory, Colorado; North Dakota, Ontario; Quebec, New England. PARK CO.: Beartooth Pass, 3200 msm, W. A. Weber B-44303 (COLO, RM); hummock in white spruce fen at base of Cathedral Cliff, 2 mi. E of Crandall Ranger Station, 6,600 ft, J. C. Elliott 1742 (BUF) Aug. 12, 1990. Dicranum polysetum Sw. Bryum rugosum Hoffm. ex Funck Dicranum rugosum (Funck) Hoffm. ex Brid. Dicranum undulatum Ehrh. ex Web. & Mohr British Columbia, Washington, Alberta, Montana, Wyoming; Alaska; widespread in the Middle West, Manitoba to Michigan, south to South Dakota, Iowa, and Illinois; Newfoundland and Nova Scotia to North Carolina. RARE (As D. rugosum), Weston Co., Wynne, 1943. Ireland, 1982. Dicranum rhabdocarpum Sull. Dicranum scoparioides Schimp. in Besch. Wyoming; Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona. Lawton. On the Colorado-Wyoming line, Albany County (Porter, 1756). Teton Co., Spence 1985. YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK: on the dryer shaded ground near the lake shore, Beaver Lake, Aven & Elias Nelson 6125 (RM) July 24, 1899, exsiccat, det. R. H. True. (originally as D. bonjeani). Verified by R. Ireland, CANM, 1991. Dicranum scoparium Hedw. Dicranum pallidum Bruch & Schimp. ex C. Muell. Dicranum angustifolium Kindb. in Macoun Dicranum canadense Kindb., in Macoun Dicranum kindbergii Par. Dicranum mexicanum Schimp. in Besch. Dicranum scopariforme Kindb. Throughout the Pacific Northwest; Alaska, Colorado; South
Dakota, Minnesota, Iowa, Michigan, Ontario; Newfoundland, New Brunswick and
Quebec to Georgia and Alabama. SHERIDAN CO.: Mineral soil on limestone, Bighorn National Forest, T57N, R89W, Section 27, McKee 92-025, June 16, 1992 (BUF, RM) c. fr., dehisced, teeth uneroded, with Ditrichum flexicaule. TETON CO: on humus in deep shade under shrubs along Jenny Lake Trail, west shore of Jenny Lake, alt. 7000 ft., Hermann 25766, Aug. 5, 1974 (sterile) (RM). YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK: T.C.Frye. July 7, l934 (RM); open lodgepole pine woods, 8000 ft., 4 miles NW of Fishing Bridge, Hermann, 20020, July 18, 1965 (sterile); Firehole River, near Old Faithful Geyser, on soil, T. C. Frye, July 6, 1934 (RM): the leaves are well toothed, long and slender; along Firehole River, Old Faithful, Conard 48-262 (YELLO) Sept. 4, 1948. Dicranum spadiceum Zett. Dicranum muehlenbeckii var. neglectum (De Not.) Pfeff. Dicranum neglectum Jur. ex De. Not. Wyoming; Alaska, Yukon; Labrador, Quebec. (As Dicranum neglectum Juratz.) Yancey's, Yellowstone National Park (Aven & Elias Nelson, 5936), Porter, 1935. Wyoming, Flowers 1973. PARK CO.: Beartooth Plateau, 2900 msm, W. A. Weber B-44241 (COLO, RM). YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK: A. & E. Nelson, July 17, 1899 (RM); Lost Lake, Elva Lawton 1833 (YELLO) Aug. 17, 1953 (det. as D. fuscescens). This species, in areolation, resembles a broader Dicranum elongatum. Dicranum tauricum Sapehin Dicranum strictum Schleich. ex Mohr Orthodicranum strictum (Mohr) Broth. Throughout the Pacific Northwest; Alaska, California, Colorado, Saskatchewan. Wyoming, Flowers 1973. (As Dicranum strictum Schleich.) Tower Falls, Yellowstone National Park (collector unknown), Porter, 1935. Campbell Co., Medina, 1994. CROOK CO.: Black Hills: Bear Lodge Mts. Along Beaver Creek, 6.4 km N/NE of Warrens Peak. Conifer woods; moss partly shaded, on decaying Pinus ponderosa log, Churchill (8748 BUF) Exsiccat 13 Musci Planitiebus Incolae 1987. YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK: Tower Junction, F. J. Hermann 25768 (RM). Didymodon asperifolius (Mitt.) Crum, Steere & Anderson PARK CO: 3250 msm, Weber B-44226 (RM, COLO). Didymodon fallax (Hedw.) Zand. Barbula fallax Hedw. Barbula ferruginea Schimp. ex Besch. Triquetrella ferruginea (Schimp. ex Besch.) Thér. var. fallax SHERIDAN CO.: Mineral soil on limestone outcrop, Big Horn National Forest, T57N, R89W, Section 28, McKee 92-030, June 17, 1992 (RM), with Distichium capillaceum and Mnium blyttii. var. reflexus (Brid.) Zand. Crum & Anderson, 1981 mention a report from Wyoming (p. 342 of Vol.1). Didymodon rigidulus Hedw. var. rigidulus (As Barbula rigidulus (Hedw.) Mitt.) Limestone rocks, Telephone Canyon, Albany Co. (Porter, 1278), Porter, 1937. SHERIDAN CO.: hanging underneath a ledge with dripping water from limestone seep, moist limestone, Big Horn National Forest, T57N, R89W, Section 34, McKee 92-010 (BUF), June 16, 1992, with propagula, with D. rigidulus var. icmadophilus intermixed. var. gracilis (Schleich. ex Hook. & Grev.) Zand. ALBANY CO.: 7415 ft., limestone rock, full sunlight, Vukelich, Mar. 19, 1988 (BUF); forming dense cushions on limestone rocks, Telephone Canyon, Nov. 25, 1932 C. L. Porter 1278 (NY). CROOKE CO.: PM Eckel 219686 (RM, BUF). FREMONT CO.: Big spring about 4 miles east of Dubois, Frye, June 23, 1931 (WTU). SHERIDAN CO.: In crevices of rock ridge faces, limestone, Big Horn National Forest, T57N, R89W Section 15, McKee 92- 048, June 24, 1992 (RM), with Encalypta vulgaris vulgaris, Tortula mucronifolia. See also discussion sub var. icmadophilus. var. icmadolphilus (Schimp. ex C.Muell.) Zand. Barbula acuta ssp. icmadophila (Schimp. ex C. M.) Podp. Barbula gracilis ssp. icmadophila (Schimp. ex C. M.) Amann Barbula icmadophila Schimp. ex C. M. Didymodon icmadophilus (Schimp. ex C.M.) Saito (spelled “icmadophyllus”). Tortula icmadophila (Schimp. ex C. M.) Lindb. SHERIDAN CO.: hanging underneath a ledge with dripping
water from limestone seep, moist limestone, Didymodon trifarius (of authors) = Didymodon vinealis var. luridus (Hornsch. in Spreng.) Zand. See Zander, R.H. l981 [l982] Cryoptogamie Bryol. Lichénol., 2: 379-422. Didymodon trifarius was excluded from the North American flora by Crum, et al., l973. Didymodon umbrosus (C. Muell.) Zand. SUBLETTE CO.: south fork of Baldy Creek headwaters, 10,290 ft., on damp rock at edge of fen, 42°59'N, 109°34'W, R. Andrus 7833a (BING, BUF) c.fr. Aug. 16, 1989, with Grimmia tenerrima.. Didymodon vinealis (Brid.) Zand. var. vinealis SHERIDAN CO. 6600-8000 ft., Odasz (1145 BH) (RM, BUF). WASHAKIE CO., Tensleep Canyon, willow roots, streamside, R, Zander, July 24, l980 (BUF). WESTON CO.: dryish hill, on ground, with Desmatodon obtusifolius, Bryoerythrophyllum recurvirostrum, July 16, 1942, Otto Degener & Leroy Peiler (NY); YELLOWSTONE NATL. PARK, shore of Yellowstone Lake near W. Thumb, limestone, Zander July 23, l980 (BUF). var. flaccidus (Bruch & Schimp. in Schimp.) Zand. Barbula cylindrica (Tayl.) Schimp. in Boul. Barbula vinealis var. flaccida B.S.G. SHERIDAN CO.: on vertical rock face, moist limestone, Big Horn National Forest, T57N, R89W, Section 27, McKee 92-024 (BUF), with Homalothecium, Bryoerythrophyllum recurvirostrum, Fissidens bryoides, Platydictya jungermannoiodes, Distichium capillaceum. var. luridus (Hornsch. in Spreng.) Zand. (As Didymodon trifarius) Weston Co., Wynne, 1943. Didymodon vinealis var. nicholsonii (Culm.) Zand. PARK CO.: 6500 ft., Hermann 20033 (RM). var. rubiginosus (Mitt.) Zand. TETON CO.: at Hwy. 22, Burbank Creek 6 miles SE of Victor, Pinus-Pseudotsuga-forests, primitive rocks about 2260 msm on rock at creek border, Duell 2238./2 (BUF), leg. 7.8.1981. Distichum capillaceum (Hedw.) Bruch & Schimp. in B.S.G. Cynodontium capillaceum (Hedw.) Brid. Cynontodium capillaceum Hedw. Swartzia montana Lindb. Throughout the Pacific Northwest; Alaska, California,
Nevada, Utah, Colorado, Arizona; Manitoba, Minnesota, Michigan; Greenland and
Nova Scotia to New England and New York. (As Swartzia montana) Rather common throughout the State, especially
in limestone regions. ALBANY CO: Medicine Bow Mountains, W of Centennial, Pole
Mountain Division (Sheridan Mountains). WY 130, near the Snowy Range Pass.
Granite rocks, partial shade, Aug. 5, 1984, with R. Zander, Eckel 871107
(BUF). BIG HORN CO: T49N R 87W S25 Big Horn Mountains; ca. 1 air mile SW of
Tyrrell Ranger Station; Sec 25 & 36. East fac-ing slope. El. 8800 ft.
Rocky Mtn. Herb. with Gymnostomum
aeruginosum, June 21, l979, R. L. Hartman & A. Odasz 9146 (RM).
JOHNSON CO., 6600ft. B.E. Nelson 6836c (RM). PARK CO.: wet soil in white
spruce fen at base of Cathedral Cliff, 2 mi. E of Crandall Ranger Station,
6,600 ft., J. C. Elliott 1935 (BUF) April 19, 1992. SHERIDAN CO: Big Horn
Mtns., Ice Creek, ca. 8.5 air mi. WNW of Burgess Junction. Openings in valley
and on slopes, and on slopes. Elev. 8800 ft. June 23, 1979, Hartman &
Odasz 9248, (RM). SUBLETTE CO.: 10,348 ft., Holmes Rolston III 85115 (CSU).
TETON CO: on US26 & US237, 1.3 miles W of Togwotee Pass, Bridger-Teton
Natl. Forest, ca. 9000', Picea-Pinus
flexilis wood-land, xeric but for stream bottoms. Lupinulus, Asters, wooded stream, soggy debris, c.fr. July 6,
1985 w. Aulacomnium palustre Eckel
94082101 (BUF, RM). WASHAKIE CO.: 8000 ft., Nelson & Fonken 7316 (RM,
BUF). NOTE: Without fruit, this may be confused with Leptobryum pyriforme (see discussion): both have long, setaceous leaves. There is a var. curvatum Flow. in 1990 checklist [= same capsule but curved - banana shaped.] |
|
Distichum inclinatum (Hedw.) Bruch & Schimp. in B.S.G. Cynodontium inclinatum (Hedw.) Brid. Swartzia inclinata Hedw. British Columbia, Alberta, Montana, Wyoming; Yukon, Northwest Territory, California, Nevada, Utah, Colorado; Minnesota, Ontario; Greenland, Quebec, and New England. [As Swartzia inclinata Hedw.] Mammoth Hot Springs, Yellowstone National Park (Aven Nelson, 6026), Porter, 1935. ALBANY CO.: NW base of Sheep Mtn, along WY11, ca. 4 air miles ESE of Centennial; seep area (calcareous fen) with Populus, Betula and Salix dominant, Buck 23246, c. fr. June 7, 1993 [NY]. FREMONT CO.: Hermann 25309 (RM). Buck's specimen conforms well to Flower's description. As compared to its congener, the stems are indeed darker, as are the capsules, as though the plant was smudged; the capsules are inclined from the juncture with the seta and asymmetrical. The setae are red-purple at the base and red to red-orange above. The peristome segments are strikingly broad [borrow Buck's specimens to illustrate]. Ditrichum flexicaule (Schwaegr.) Hamp. Leptotrichum flexicaule Hampe (As Leptotrichum flexicaule) In the spray of the falls, Tower Falls, Yellowstone National Park (Aven Nelson, 3549), Porter, 1935. SHERIDAN CO.: Mineral soil on limestone, Bighorn National Forest, T57N, R89W, Section 27, McKee 92-025, June 16, 1992 (BUF, RM) with Dicranum scoparium. YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK: A. & E. Nelson 5912 (RM). Drepanocladus
aduncus (Hedw.) Warnst. var.
aduncus Drepanocladus aduncus var. pseudofluitans (Sanio) Glow. Albany County, Carbon County, Lincoln County, Sheridan
County, Sublette County, Teton County, Uinta County, and Yellowstone National
Park. “The following varieties and forms have been recorded: var. aquaticus forma capillifolius; var. polycarpus
formae gracilescens and filicuspis; and var. Kneiffii, Porter, 1935. Sublette Co.:
“Species occupying peatland expanses and spring fens ... tolerant of long
periods of saturation and submersion,” Cooper & Andrus, 1994. ALBANY CO.; 10,000 ft, leaf mold, F.J. Hermann 17693 1/2
(RM); NW base of Sheep Mtn., seep area (calcarous fen) with Populus, Betula and Salix, Buck 23244 (NY). BIG HORN CO.:
Big Horn Natl. For., Lake Solitude Quad., Cloud Peak Wilderness area, 9,840
ft., filled in lake, Aug. 5, 1992, Katherine Zacharkevics (BING) + Aulacomnium palustre, Warnstorfia
exannulata. FREMONT CO.: 8400 ft., F.J. Hermann 25525 (RM). JOHNSON CO.:
Big Horn National Forest, Cloud Peak Quadrant. Cloud Peak Wilderness Area.
10,800 ft. T51N R85W, Sec. 18. July 23, 1992. Katherine Zacharkevics (BING).
LARAMIE CO.: F.J. Hermann 25920 (RM). LINCOLN CO., moist open willow flat
along Fire Trail Creek at Greys River, alt. 6400 ft., Salt River Range, 8
miles E of Alpine Junction, F.J. Hermann 25587 (RM). PARK CO.: 7500 ft. F.J.
Hermann 20048 (RM); wet marly substrate, in calcareous fen at base of
Cathedral Cliffs, 2 mi. E of Crandall Ranger Station, 6,600 ft, J. C. Elliott
1928 (BUF) April 19, 1992. SUBLETTE CO.: Bridger Wilderness, Wind River Range
14/viii/1989 Barnes Lake, 9747 ft. elev., 42°57'30”N, 109°36'W. Mineralized
seeps at south end of lake The alar cells of this species are described as hyaline and thin. D. exannulatus with walls yellow or brown, thin or slightly thickened. I find D. aduncus soft with leaves easily coming off, whereas D. exannulatus is coarse with alar regions often staying on the stem. var. kneiffii (Schimp. in B.S.G.) Moenk. Little Laramie River, A. Nelson 4294 (RM). ALBANY CO.: northwest base of Sheep Mtn. along WY Rte. 11; ca. 4 miles due ESE of Centennial, ca. 7,750 ft., fen with low forest of Populus, Betula, Salix in shallow water, a “hanging bog” on steep hillside. wet rotting log, W. D. Reese 18176 (LAF, BUF, RM) June 7, 1993. BIG HORN CO.: Big Horn National Forest, Lake Solitude Quadrant. T50N R87W, Sec. 12, 9,600 ft. August 5, 1992. Marshy area just W of Lily Lake, with Philonotis fontana var. pumila. Katherine Zacharkevics (BING). LINCOLN CO.: Cokeville, Aven Nelson 4626 (RM), June 11, 1898. UINTA CO.: Fort Bridger, Elias Nelson 4609 (RM), June 9, 1898. The leaves lie flat and the inflations seem gradual, not abrupt, as in var. polycarpus. The leaves are straight, falcate-secund in var. polycarpus. Care must be had here not to confuse this species with Cratoneuron filicinum, which has a stouter, longer costa and whose cells are short and thick as in Amblystegium with serrated leaf margins. Also one might want to suppose this plant a Brachythecium, such as B. nelsonii (concave leaf bases) or B. starkei (serrated margins): var. kneiffii is flat, entirely smooth leaf margins and with short cells. var. polycarpus (Bland. ex Voit) Roth ALBANY CO.: ca. 4 air miles east-SE of Centennial, NW base of Sheep Mountain along WY11, 7700-7900 ft., Populus, Betula, and Salix associated with spring seep; open fen, N. G. Miller 10,271 (NYS) June 7, 1993. PARK CO.: 3200 msm, W.A.Weber B-44314 (RM, COLO). YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK: along Firehole River near Old Faithful; border of mudpot, T. C. Frye, July 6, 1934 (RM); in Gibbon Canyon, Aven Nelson 6747a (RM); Yancey's, in a bog, Aven & Elias Nelson 5903, July 16, 1899 (RM), note by Porter that Grout det.d as this variety. Note confusion with Cratoneuron, which is rarely if ever without teeth on the margin. Drepanocladus capillifolius (Warnst.) Warnst. Drepanocladus aduncus var. capillifolius (Warnst.) Riehm. Two stations in southern Wyoming occur in Janssens (1983). CARBON CO.: Wagon Hound Creek, Aven Nelson 4262 (RM) Aug. 21, 1897, with thick walled auricular cells, a robust plant all over, and capillifoliaceous leaves. SHERIDAN CO.: Dome Lake, Ave Nelson 2408 (RM) July 16, 1896. Drepanocladus crassicostatus Janssens “Yellowstone National Park, Lost Lake, Welch 16387 (CANM)” Janssens (1983). Lost Lake and tributaries, in puddle, shore of Lost Lake, Winona H. Welch 16387 (CANM) Aug. 17, 1953. The tips of the Welch specimen were brush like, collected into a tuft, but the tuft was curled, as were the leaves, not erect. The costa was very wide in leaves of the main stem “often occupying 1/3 to 1/2 of the leaf base. The alar cells are not as well differentiated as in other species of the genus (from Janssens, 1983). Drepanocladus exannulatus (Schimp. in B.S.G.) Warnst. var. exannulatus = Warnstorfia exannulata (Schimp. in B.S.G.) Loeske var. exannulata Drepanocladus fluitans (Hedw.) Warnst. = Warnstorfia fluitans (Hedw.) Loeske Drepanocladus revolvens (Sw.) Warnst. = Limprichtia revolvens (Sw.) Loeske Drepanocladus sendtneri (Schimp.) Warnst. Drepanocladus sendtneri var. wilsonii (Lindb.) Warnst. Evanston, Uinta County (Aven Nelson, 8125), Porter, 1935. Unita Co., Porter, 1937. UINTA CO.: Evanston, submerged in a pool; Plants of Wyoming exsiccat (RM) Aven Nelson 8125 (RM). SUBLETTE CO.: Bridger Wilderness, Wind River Range 18/viii/1989 Carex fen S. of Timico Lake, Andrus 7894 (BING) [median cells porose]. YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK: Fountain Geyser, Elva Lawton 1511 (YELLO) Aug. 29, 1951 (by reason of the alar cells thick walled, costa stout); Lost Lake outlet H. S. Conard 48-227 (YELLO) Sept. 1, 1948 “gracilescens above, aristinervis below” (det. by reason of colored alar cells and stout costa, but all cell walls thin = intermediate?). Mentioned by Lawton, 1971. Crum & Anderson lump this with D. aduncus (Hedw.) Warnst., for discussion see p. 963. Drepanocladus uncinatus (Hedw.) Warnst. = Saionia uncinata (Hedw.) Loeske ENCALYPTACEAE: “This family is particularly well represented in Wyoming, the plants fruiting abundantly,” Porter, 1935. [? Encalypta alpina Sm. ] ALBANY CO., Porter, 1937. Horton, l983, in a distribution map for this species gives no reference to occurrences in Wyoming. Species seems therefore to be disjunct from Alberta to Colorado. ? Encalypta ciliata Hedw. Encalypta alaskana Kindb. in Macoun Encalypta laciniata Lindb. In all states and provinces of the Pacific Northwest; Alaska, California, Arizona, Colorado; South Dakota, Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michigan, Ontario; Nova Scotia. Crook Co., Porter, 1937. Several localities in central Wyoming are indicated on a dot map by Horton, l983 (montane). [Encalypta contorta Hoppe
ex Lindb. = E. streptocarpa Hedw. excluded from North America by
Albany County (Porter, 675), Porter, 1935.] ? Encalypta procera Bruch Encalypta streptocarpa sensu American authors (sec. Crum & Anderson p. 265) Horton, l983, on a dot-distribution map gives a literature report for Wyoming, but two dots on state boundaries so that the state in which the reported occurrence lies is ambiguous. (As Encalypta streptocarpa Hedw.) Albany Co., Porter, 1937. Encalypta rhabdocarpa Schwaegr. Encalypta rhabdocarpa var. subspathulata (C. Muell. & Kindb.) Flow. in Grout Encalypta subspathulata C. Muell. & Kindb. in Macoun In all states and provinces of the Pacific Northwest; Alaska, Yukon, California, Nevada, Colorado; South Dakota. (As Encalypta rhabdocarpa Schwaeg.) Albany County (Porter, 694), Carbon (Goodding, 75), [Sheridan cos.], Porter, 1935. (As E. rhabdocarpa) Uinta Co., “has been collected by Aven Nelson in Albany and Carbon Counties,” Wynne, 1943. ALBANY CO.: Laramie Mtns, Roger Canyon ca. 8 air miles NE of Laramie on Co. Rd. 17, limestone outcrops with Cercocarpus montanus, 2400 msm, c. f. in calyptrae June 7, 1993 [perhaps Reese at LAF, or Buck at NY]; Laramie Mountains, Roger Canyon, 7 air miles NE of Laramie city center, limestone outcrops with Cerocarpus montanus, Artemisia cava, A. tipartita, A. nova, A. tridentata; on soil below rock outcrop, N. G. Miller 10,233 (NYS), June 7, 1993. FREMONT CO.: Bridger-Teton Natl. Forest on US26&US287, between Moran & Dubois, ca. 9000', alpine meadow, much herbage, wet with flowing streams, granite outcrops, N slopes of low knoll, c.fr., with Tortula ruralis, Eckel 93081101 (BUF). PARK CO.: soil in crevice of granite outcrop along Crandall Creek, Shoshone Natl. Forest, 36 miles NW of Cody, 6500 ft. F.J. Hermann 20039 (RM). SUBLETTE CO.: 7950 ft., F.J. Hermann 25340 (RM). June is a good time to be collecting this species and the following. Encalypta vulgaris Hedw. Encalypta vulgaris var. apiculata Wahlenb. Encalypta vulgaris var. mutica Brid. (As Encalpyta extintoria (L.) Sw. [= Encalypta vulgaris Hedw. cf. Hedw., Spec. Musc. 60. 1801. Index Muscorum.]) “ The plants so far found all belong in var. mutica Brid. Plumbago Canyon, Telephone Canyon, both in Albany County, Porter, 1935.] In all states and provinces of the Pacific Northwest; California, Nevada, Utah, New Mexico, Colorado; Saskatchewan, Manitoba. (As Encalypta vulgaris Hedw.) Albany Co., Porter, 1937. (As E. vulgaris var. mutica Brid.) Sweetwater Co., “the only other collection of E. vulgaris the author has seen from Wy. was collected in the Laramie Mts., (C.L.Porter 796),” Wynne 1943. Campbell Co., Medina, 1994. ALBANY CO.: Roger Canyon, 8ooo ft., F.J. Hermann 17151
(RM); Laramie Mtns., Roger Canyon, Ca. 8 air miles NE of Laramie, on Co. Rd.
17, limestone outcrops with Cercocarpus
montanus, Buck 23163 (NY). (As Encalypta
vulgaris var. mutica Brid.)
CROOKE CO: on WY 585, 0.8 miles N of Weston Co. line. Grassland with some Artemisia scrub. With Pterygoneurum ovatum, Tortula ruralis,
Didymodon rigidulus var. gracilis,
July 12, l985, Eckel 419686 (BUF,RM). FREMONT CO. 7800 ft., F.J. Hermann
25534 (RM). PARK CO. 7500 ft., F.J. Hermann 20052 (RM). SHERIDAN CO.:
vertical rock face, moist limestone, Big Horn National Forest, T57N, R89W,
Section 27, McKee 92-016, c. fr. calyptrate, capsules nearing maturity, June
16, 1992 (BUF, RM). UINTA CO.: Eurhynchium oreganum (Sull.) Jaeg. Stokesiella oregana (Sull.) Robins. Teton Co., Spence, 1985. Eurhynchium pulchellum (Hedw.) Jenn. Eurhynchium diversifolium B.S.G. Eurhynchium fallax (Ren. & Card.) Grout Eurhynchium strigosum (Web. & Mohr) B. S. G. Eurhynchium strigosum var. fallax Ren. & Card. Eurhynchium strigosum var. robustum Roell Eurhynchium substrigosum Kindb. in Macoun Hypnum strigosum Web. & Mohr (As Eurhynchium diversifolium (Schleich.) B. & S.) Pole Mt., Albany County (Porter, 540), Porter, 1935. (As Eurhynchium diversifolium (Schleich) B. & S.) Albany Co., Porter, 1937. Campbell Co., Medina, 1994. ALBANY CO.: Medicine Bow Mountains, Barber Lake Picnic area, 2.5 air miles NW of Centennial, along Libby Creek, 8720-8740 ft, Pinus contorta forest; on soil, N. G. Miller 10, 258 (NYS) June 7, 1993. FREMONT CO.: F.X. Jozwik 482 (RM); fo. praecox (Hedw.) Crum, Steere & Andr. WESTON CO.: , PM Eckel 623686 (RM, BUF). SUBLETTE CO.: Bridger-Teton National Forest, 4.6 miles N of Bondurant on US 191 & 189. Wooded Spruce bank, sandstone rocks, lush herbage, N slope. Hoback River valley. July 5, 1985. shaded sandstone rock P. M. Eckel 9612522 (BUF) + Saionia uncinata, Brachythecium salebrosum, Leptodictyum humile, Platydictya jungermannioides. There is a var. barnesii (Ren. & Card.) Grout [1990 checklist]. Note form praecox is julaceous and resembles Brachythecium collinum, also julaceous, by the coarse serrations. The latter, however, has cells in the apices of all leaves that are elongate (greater than 2: 1). Eurhynchium pulchellum is more broadly deltoid at the leaf base, B. collinum more ovate-lanceolate. The obtuse to broadly acute apices of the branch leaves are more characteristic of E. pulchellum. Fissidens adianthoides Hedw. On moist soil banks, logs, calcareous and noncalcareous rocks and cliffs. Throughout the Pacific Northwest; Alaska, Northwest Territory, California; Ontario to Labrador and south to Arkansas and Florida. Teton Co., Spence 1985. TETON CO.: Teton National Park, Taggart Lake, Aug. 13, 1953, E. Lawton, 1730 (WTU). YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK: Crescent Hill, Aug. 17, 1953, E. Lawton, 1856 (WTU). Fissidens bryoides Hedw. Dicranum viridulum Sw. Fissidens limbatus Sull. Fissidens minutulus Sull. Fissidens viridulus (Sw.) Wahlenb. In shaded areas, commonly on moist soil banks or on soil over logs and rocks, from the lowlands to 2000 m or higher. British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming; California; South Dakota, Minnesota; Ontario to Maine and south to Texas and Florida. ALBANY CO., in deep shade on wet, peaty, wooded bank of Nash Fork on Sand Lake Rd., 2 miles NW of Route 130, alt 8500 ft., Medicine Bow Mts., ca. 4 miles W. of Centennial, Aug. 5, 1962, c.fr., F.J. Hermann 17774 (RM, WTU). SHERIDAN CO.: On vertical rock face, moist limestone, Big Horn National Forest, T57N, R89W, Section 27, McKee 92-024 (RM), c.fr. mature, indehisced, June 16, 1992, with Bryoerythrophyllum recurvirostrum, Didymodon vinealis [var. flaccida], Distichium capillaceum, Platydictya jungermannioides. Fissidens grandifrons Brid. On limestone, sometimes submerged, in streams, waterfalls, or other wet situations. British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming; Alaska, California, Utah, Nevada; Michigan and Ontario to New York, south to Arkansas, Kentucky, Tennessee, and Alabama. Junction of Nez Perces Creek with Firehole River, Yellowstone National Park (Porter, 1247). Very abundant at this locality, Porter, 1935. SHERIDAN CO.: On rocks in streambed in rapidly flowing water, calcareous region, Dry Fork and Garland Gulch, T57N, R89W, McKee 92-043 & 92-044 June 22, 1992 (BUF, RM). YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK: along the Firehole River, on partly submerged rocks in a small stream, Aug. 5, 1932, C. L. Porter, 1247 (NY, WTU); Black Sand Basin, Aug. 18, 1953, E. Lawton, 1868 (WTU); calcareous rock bed of cascade from large spring along the Firehole River near Madison Junction, R. V. Drexler, Aug. 1936, 829 (NY); between Madison and Old Faithful, in western exposure, canyon, Pseudotsuga-Pinus contorta forest, 2320-50m, dripping water, Duell, Aug. 8, 1981 2267/4 (NY). Fissidens obtusifolius Wils. ALBANY CO.: Laramie Mts., Roger Canyon, ca. 8 air miles NE of Laramie, 2400 m; limestone outcrops with Cercocarpus montanus dominant, Buck, 23160 (NY), with Bryoerythrophyllum recurvirostrum and Didymodon rigidulus var. gracilis. Apices too broad for var. apiculatus Grout, with variations on the same stem of costa ending to nine cells below the apex. The broad leaves are apiculate, but not broadly acute in all leaves. Note the intramarginal border in the lower leaves on the vaginant lamina, corresponding to the var. marginatus Flow. (p. 94 of that text). NEW There are vars. apiculatus Grout, var. kansanus Ren. & Card. and var. marginatus Flow. in 1990 checklist. Fissidens osmundioides Hedw. Teton Co., Porter, 1937. Teton Co., Spence 1985. PARK CO.: west of Bear Tooth Butte, Crazy Creek
campground, Aug. 22, 1953, E. Lawton, 2019 (WTU), det. R. Pursell. Note: costae
end short of the apex, vaginant laminae long and broad, cells of vaginant
laminae epapillose, rhizoids papillose (fide Pursell). SUBLETTE CO.: Bridger
Wilderness, Wind River Range 14/viii/1989 Barnes Lake, 9747 ft. elev.,
42°57'30”N, 109°36'W. Mineralized seeps at south end of Fontinalis
antipyretica Hedw. var.
antipyretica Fontinalis antipyretica var. gigantea (Sull. ex Sull. & Lesq.) Sull. Fontinalis antipyretica var. mollis (C. Muell.) Welch Fontinalis antipyretica var. patula (Card.) Welch in Grout Medicine Bow Mts., Albany County (Aven Nelson, 9670),
Porter, 1935. Fontinalis gigantea Sulliv.
Albany County, Carbon County, and Sheridan County, Porter, 1935. (As Fontinalis antipyretica var. gigantea Sulliv.) ALBANY CO.: small pond of cold water in spruce-fir forest at University of Wyoming Science Camp, Centennial, Dennings 1091 (WTU); swift streams, Medicine Bow Mts., Aven Nelson 9670 (RM), exsiccat Plants of Wyoming. CARBON CO.: submerged & partly floating in pool in marsh near North French Creek at logging road crossing, 8600 ft., Medicine Bow Mtns, 6 mile E of Ryan Park, Hermann 26719 (WTU); cold, shallow pool in meadow along North French Creek, Medicine Bow Mts alt. ca. 8500 ft. 6 miles E of Ryan Park, Hermann 17186 (RM), Aug. 19, 1961. PARK CO.: Bear Tooth Mts., Crane Lake, in water, attached to rocks, Welch 15079 (WTU). SUBLETTE CO.; 10,324 ft., H. Rolston 85127 (Colo.St.U.); also 10,5595 ft., H. Rolston 85099 (Colo.St.U.). var. gigantea (Sull.) Sull. ALBANY CO.: in the swift water of the stream, Centennial, Aven Nelson 8001, Aug. 7, 1900, exsiccat, det. Holzinger (RM). FREMONT CO.: in the Popo Agie River S of Lander, 5,200 ft. Richard W. Scott 883, July 30, 1966 (RM). SHERIDAN CO.: in spring bog, Aven Nelson 8521, July 29, 1901 (RM). var. oregonensis Ren. & Card. (Var. oregonensis) Lincoln Gulch, Albany County (Aven Nelson, 2619), Porter, 1935. Albany Co., Porter, 1937. Lawton. ALBANY CO.: Lincoln Gulch, Aven Nelson 2619 (RM), Aug. 12, 1896. PARK CO.: west of Bear Tooth Butte along the clark Fork of the Yellowstone River, 6940 ft., Lawton, 2004 (WTU). In the sense of Flowers, p. 536, “keels of the leaves nearly straight above the basal curve, the leaf tips sometimes shortly and abruptly incurved.” Fontinalis hypnoides Hartm. Fontinalis duriaei Schimp. Fontinalis nitida Lindb. & Arn. var. hypnoides (As Fontinalis
hypnoides) Albany County and Yellowstone National Park, Porter, 1935. (As
Fontinalis nitida Lindb. &
Arn.) Moorcroft, Crook County (Aven Nelson, 2248), Porter, 1935. (As Fontinalis duriaei Schimp.) Sweetwater
Co., Porter, 1937. (As Fontinalis
nitida Lindb. & Arn.) Crook Co., Porter, 1937. Teton Co., Spence
1985. (As var. hypnoides) ALBANY
CO.; F.J. Hermann, 17781 (RM). (As var. hypnoides
but sub duriaei) Little Laramie
River, A.Nelson, No.3328 (RM). s.l. FREMONT CO.; 10,055 ft., H.Rolston, 86029
( var. duriaei (Schimp.) Husn. (As Fontinalis duriaei Schimp.) N. Vermillion Creek, Sweetwater County (Aven Nelson, 3577). “No specimens of this plant could be found although it is recorded by Dr. Nelson (1900),” Porter, 1935. (As var. duriaei) North Vermillion Creek, A.Nelson No.3577 (RM). ALBANY CO. E.C.& T.G.Yuncker 12370 (RM); 10,000 ft., F.J. Hermann No.17221 (RM). YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK: 2 mi. E of Fishing Bridge, Indian Pond, layered in the stack of diatom deposits about 20 ft. in height between Indian Pond and Yellowstone Lake, B. Shero, June 12, 1989 (BUF). v. discussion in Crum & Anderson p. 786. Specimens that are “larger, laxer, and softer, with relatively broad leaves being the var. duriaei...smaller ones with relatively narrow leaves the var. hypnoides.” (Fontinalis hypnoides C.J. Hartm. var. hypnoides Albany Co., Yellowstone National Park, Porter, 1937.) Fontinalis neomexicana Sull. & Lesq. Albany County, Johnson County, Sheridan County, and
Yellowstone National Park, Porter, 1935. ALBANY CO.; 7800ft., F.J. Hermann 25931 (RM); A. Nelson No.7540 (RM); c.fr.July 10, A. Nelson No.7540 (RM). CARBON CO.; 9,200 ft., C.L.Porter No.9694 (RM). JOHNSON CO.; A. Nelson No.2506 (RM). Big Horn Mts. H.Hapemann Sept.1892 (RM). YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK, c.fr. Aug.6, A.&E.Nelson No.6320 (RM); A. & E. Nelson No.6293 (RM). ? var. columbica Cardot Spring Creek, Yellowstone National Park (Aven Nelson, 6293), Porter, 1935. [Funaria flavicans Michx., Fl. Bor.-Amer., vol. 2 p. 303, 1803. Centennial, Albany County (Aven Nelson, 8699); Dale Creek, Albany County (Porter, 712), Porter, 1935. Crum & Anderson (1981) report this species not west of Missouri, Kansas and Nebraska (padunc. 469)] Funaria hygrometrica Hedw. [synonymy from Crum & Anderson, 1981) Funaria convoluta Hampe Funaria hygrometrica var. B [beta] B.S.G. Funaria hygrometrica var. patula Aust. In all states and provinces of the Pacific Northwest;
throughout the US and Can., cosmopolitan. (As Funaria convoluta) French Creek, ALBANY CO.: Nelson, A. 3461 (RM). BIG HORN CO.: Big Horn Mtns., north fork Crazy Woman Creek 13 air miles SW of Buffalo, limestone outcrops and rocky slopes, shaded streamside, aspen woodlands and meadows, 6800 ft., c. fr. operculate, 28 June 1979, R. L. Hartman 9708 (BUF, RM). PARK CO.: 6100 ft., Vukelich April 1, 1988 (BUF). NATRONA CO.: Big Horn Mts., First Water Creek, dry creek bed and road crossing, 7700 ft., Hartman 10452, c. fr. operculate Aug. 1, 1979 (RM). var. utahensis Grout [in 1990 checklist lumped with var. hygrometrica] NOTE: the capsules in 3453 are short pyriform and uniformly smaller than the typical variety, as detailed by Flowers. A collection at RM in a packet of Bryum lisae var. cuspidatum approached the variety in the smallness of the capsules, except the tiniest range of the mouth was absent, and no spores were larger than 17 to 18 µm. The capsules were green and not furrowed. Since the operculum had dehisced and the spores appeared normal, one might assume the capsules were mature [Aven Nelson 1538 (RM), Albany Co. Cummins, July 30, 1895, with Hennediella heimii and Bryum lisae var. cuspidatum. Grimmia affinis Hoppe & Hornsch. ex Hornsch. Grimmia catalinensis Bartr. Grimmia ovata var. affinis (Hornsch.) B.S.G. British Columbia, Washington, Alberta, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming; Alaska, Colorado, Arizona, New Mexico; South Dakota, Minnesota. ALBANY CO.: Elias Nelson 5243 (RM). SUBLETTE CO.: on shaded boulder under spruce on W shore of Lower Green River Lake, 7950 ft. Wind River Range, 50 miles N of Pinedale, Hermann 25323 (RM) June 19, 1973. YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK: Bartley & Pontious 13 (RM). The specimen 25323 looked like G. ovalis (long basal cells, sinuose median cells, moderately toothed hairpoint) but it keyed to G. affinis (second reference in Lawton's key) through the keeled leaves recurved on one side. This species is difficult to distinguish from Grimmia pulvinata except it has a straight seta and that of the latter is arcuate (at least when moist, as they say). Grimmia affinis has basal cells that are not “subquadrate to short rectangular” but longer, getting shorter toward the margins and thinner-walled. Both are variably thick-sinuose - these characters are best seen in older leaves. Grimmia affinis has occasional “subcuculate” calyptrae, otherwise both are mitrate. The basal cells of Grimmia pulvinata are rather homogeneously thin-walled, that of Gr. affinis variable: longer and thicker toward the costa becoming shorter and thinner on the margins. Both with thickened cross-walls on the marginal two or three lengths of cells. Bistratose patches on the lamina, in addition to bistratose margins. Grimmia agassizii (Sull. & Lesq. in Sull.) Jaeg. = Schistidium agassizii Sull. & Lesq. in Sull. Grimmia alpicola Sw. ex Hedw. = Schistidium agassizii Sull. & Lesq. in Sull. Grimmia alpicola auct. Amer. = Schistidium rivulare (Brid.) Podp. var. rivulare Grimmia alpicola var. dupretii (Thér.) Crum = Schistidium apocarpum (Hedw.) Bruch & Schimp. in B.S.G. Grimmia alpicola var. latifolia (Zett.) Mill. = Schistidium rivulare var. latifolium (Bett.) Crum & Anderson Grimmia anodon Bruch & Schimp. in B.S.G. Grimmia anodon var. anomala Bartr. Schistidium anodon (B.S.G.) Loeske In all states and prov. of the P. Nw.; Yukon, Cal., Ariz. N. M., Nev., Utah, Colo., N. Dakota. Telephone Canyon, Albany Co. (Porter, 1014); Long Canyon, Albany Co (Rollins, 61), Porter, 1935. Yellowstone/Teton localities are given in a map by Ireland & Miller (1982). Campbell Co., Medina, 1994. ALBANY CO.: Laramie Mtns, Roger Canyon, ca. 8 air miles NE of Laramie, Co. Rd. 17, limestone outcrops with Cercocarpus montanus, Buck, 23169 (NY), c. fr. with lids, June 7, 1993; along Roger Canyon in the Laramie Mtns, 7 mi. due NE of Laramie city center, Artemesia scrub vegetation; limestone cliffs and outcrops, 7,600 ft., vertical seeping crack in limestone cliff, W. D. Reese 18158 (LAF) June 7, 1993 with Orthotrichum hallii; Laramie Mountains, Roger Canyon, 7 air miles NE of Laramie city center, limestone outcrops with Cerocarpus montanus, Artemisia cava, A. tripartita, A. nova, A. tridentata; on thin soil over bedrock, n. G. Miller 10,234 (NYS) June 7, 1993, c. fr.; crevices in quartz boulder on open slope above Univ. of Wyo. Science Camp., 9800 ft, Medicine Bow Mtns., 7.8 miles NW of Centennial, Hermann 23426 (RM), Sept. 1, 1970. FREMONT CO.: on limestone outcrip, Douglas fir slope, 1/2 mile E of Horse Creek Campground, 7800 ft. Absaroka Range 11 miles N of Dubois, Hermann 25531 (RM), Aug. 28, 1973. PLATTE CO.: PM Eckel 1020386 (RM). Grimmia anomala Hampe ex Schimp. Dryptodon anomalus (Hampe) Loeske Grimmia anomala Hampe in Schimp. Grimmia elatior subsp. anomala (Hampe) Kindb. Grimmia hartmanii var. anomala (Hampe) Moenk. Grimmia philibertiana Britt. Grimmia phyllantha Lindb. in Broth. British Co., Wash., Alberta, Idaho, Mont., Wyoming; Michigan. Teton Co., Spence 1985. Grimmia apocarpa Hedw.= Schistidium apocarpum (Hedw.) Bruch & Schimp. in B.S.G. Grimmia apocarpa var. conferta (Funck) Spreng. = Schistidium apocarpum (Hedw.) Bruch & Schimp. in B.S.G. Grimmia apocarpa var. stricta (Turn.) Hook. & Tayl. = Schistidium apocarpum (Hedw.) Bruch & Schimp. in B.S.G. Grimmia atricha C. Muell. & Kindb. in Macoun & Kindb. = Schistidium apocarpum (Hedw.) Bruch & Schimp. in B.S.G. Grimmia calyptrata Hook. in Drumm. = Coscinodon calyptratus (Hook. in Drumm.) C. Jens. ex Kindb. Grimmia donniana Sm. Johnson Co., Porter, 1937. Uinta Co., Wynne 1943. Grimmia elatior Bruch ex Bals. & De Not. Dryptodon incurvus (Hornsch.) Brid. Grimmia elatior subsp. rufescens Kindb. Grimmia funalis var. robusta De. Not. Rhacomitrium incurvum (Hornsch.) Hueb. Trichostomum incurvum Hornsch. British Columbia, Mont., Wyoming; Colo. Teton Co., Spence 1985. ALBANY CO.: 7800 ft., H.J. Hermann, 25924 (RM). PARK CO.: 3250 msm, W. A. Weber Aug. 21, 1973. TETON CO. 7,000 ft., F.J. Hermann 25553 (RM). Grimmia hartmanii var. anomala (Hampe ex Schimp.) Moenk. = Grimmia anomala Hampe ex Schimp. Grimmia laevigata (Brid.) Brid. Campylopus laevigatus Brid. Grimmia campestris Burchell ex Hook. Grimmia leucophaea Grev. Grimmia sarcocalyx Kindb. in Macoun Wash., Oregon, Idaho, Wyoming; Cal. Nev., Utah, Ariz, N. Mexico; widespread in the Mid. West and in the eastern states from NY to New Jersey to Fla. Grimmia glauca Card. Albany Co., Porter, 1937 may be a citation of G. laevigata following Crum and Anderson's synonymy: p. 424; G. glauca sensu Jones in Grout, Moss Fl. Amer., vol. 2(1), p. 24, 1940, non Card. 1905. (As Grimmia glauca Card.) “A rare plant, this being one of the four known collections in the United States. On metamorphosed limestone rocks, Long Canyon, Albany County (Rollins, 60),” Porter, 1935. Grimmia montana Bruch & Schimp. in B.S.G., Grimmia jamesii Aust. Grimmia montana var. idahensis Ren. & Card. in Card. & Thér. Grimmia pseudomontana Card. & Thér. Guembelia montana (B.S.G) Hampe in C. Muell. In all states and prov. of the P. Nw; Cal. Nev. Utah, Colo. Albany County (Porter, 1011); Sublette County (Porter, 1125 & 1127); Teton County (Porter, 1171); and Tower Falls, Yellowstone National Park (collector unknown), Porter 1935. ALBANY CO.: 8,000 ft. F.J. Hermann 17721 (RM). PARK CO.: 7500 ft. F.J. Hermann (RM). Grimmia occidentalis Lawt. = Schistidium occidentale (Lawt.) Churchill Grimmia ovalis (Hedw.) Lindb. Dicranum ovale Hedw. Grimmia commutata Hueb. Grimmia ovata Web. & Mohr Note in Crum & Anderson p. 4331 sub Grimmia affinis the following
synonymy: G. ovalis sensu Jones in
Grout, Moss Fl. Amer., vol.2 p. 33, 11933, non (Hedw.) Lindb. 1871) - but see
Mexican Flora where it appears. ALBANY CO.: Sheep Mt., on dry cliffs, L. N. Goodding 2101 (RM), exsiccat Plants of Wyoming. PLATTE CO.: PM Eckel 1420386 (RH, BUF). Grimmia plagiopodia Hedw. Grimmia obtusa Brid. Schistidium plagiopodium (Hedw.) Loeske Brit. Colo., Oregon, Alberta, Mont., Wyoming; Ariz., New Mex., Colo.; S. Dakota, Iowa, Ohio, Maryland. Sweetwater Co., Weston Co., Wynne 1943. NIOBRARA CO.: 4000 ft., F.J. Hermann, 25355 (RM). WESTON CO.: PM Eckel 823686 (RM, BUF). Grimmia pulvinata (Hedw.) Sm., Campylopus pulvinatus (Hedw.) Brid. Dryptodon pulvinatus (Hedw.) Brid. Fissidens pulvinatus Hedw. Grimmia hendersoni Ren. & Card. In all states and prov. of the Pacific Northwest; Cal., Nev., Utah, Ariz.; TX, Iowa, Missouri, Maryland. Carbon Co., Wynne 1943. ALBANY CO.: 8700, F.J. Hermann 24863 (RM). PARK CO.:
granite outcrop along road ca. 11 miles SE of Rte. 212, The setae are arcuate when dry - a plant of specimen 20025 developed a straight seta on drying. The awns are conspicuously long, as long as the leaves, and the basal cells rather thin to hyaline and not at all or somewhat sinuose. There is a var. africana (Hedw.) Hook.f. in the 1990 checklist. See Grimmia affinis for discussion with regard to its distinction from this species. Grimmia tenera Zett. = Schistidium tenerum (Zett.) Nyh. Grimmia tenerrima Ren. & Card., Grimmia alpestris (Web. & Mohr) Schleich. ex Hornsch. var. alpestris Grimmia alpestris (Web. & Mohr) Schleich. ex Nees Guembelia alpestris (Web. & Mohr) Hampe in C. Muell. Trichostomum pulvinatum var. alpestris Web. & Mohr In all states and provinces of the Pacific Northwest;
California, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, Colorado; Labrador, Quebec. (As Grimmia alpestris Schleich.) Fairly
common. ALBANY CO.: Medicine Bow Mts., Silver Lake, growing on
granitic boulder in open area, infrequent, 9,000 ft. Lichvar 1338 (RM), Sept.
24, 1977. FREMONT CO.: soil pocket on boulder in open woods on slope, W These are of the smaller group of Grimmias, dark with awns that are frequently decurrent along the lamina at the apex of the leaf. What is very striking are the basal margin cells, quadrate with thicker crosswalls than the longitudinal walls. They have two layers of cells at the apex, double layers at the margins medially with patches of bistratose lamina. It is useful to make cross sections of these leaves to verify they are not recurved, but only have thickened marginal cells due to several layers of cells. The leaves are keeled toward the leaf tips in many leaves - other leaves lie flat. Grimmia tenerrima is “our most common species of Grimmia in the higher mountains of Utah” according to Flowers, and it is usually sterile, which is somewhat unusual in a Grimmia, so if you have extensive material in your specimen and it is sterile, check to see if it is glaucous, that is, if it has a bluish cast. It has hairpoints and is dioicous. The costa is terete in the sense that it is well set off from (not confluent with) the lamina), but is somewhat flattened in longitudinal axis. There is a sharp little groove on the topside of the costa, and this can be seen on the leaves lying flat up at you: the costa is nested in a channel. The leaves are keeled. |
|
Grimmia torquata Hornsch. in Grev. Dryptodon torquatus (Hornsch.) Brid. Grimmia prolifera C. Muell. & Kindb. in Macoun In all states and prov. of the Pacific Northwest; Alaska, Cal., Nev., Colo., Ontario, Greenland. (Grimmia torquata Hornsch. “Fruiting plants were collected in Wyoming by Roell in 1893. See Hedwigia 32: 208 (1893), Porter, 1937.) SUBLETTE CO.: 10,348 ft., Holmes Rolston III 85133 (CSU). There is a var. flettii (Holz.) Vaar. in 1990 checklist. Grimmia trichophylla Grev. Dryptodon trichophyllus (Grev.) Brid. Grimmia californica Sull. in Whipple Grimmia canadensis Kindb. Grimmia cognata Card. & Thér. Grimmia densa Kindb. in Macoun Grimmia depilata Kindb. in Macoun Grimmia leibergii Paris Grimmia pachyphylla Leib. Brit. Colo., Wash., Oregon, Idaho, Mont., Wyoming; Cal. Nev. Hawk's Ranch, Albany County (Aven Nelson, in 1930), [Johnson Co.]; Jenny Lake, Teton County (Porter, 1206), Porter, 1937. Teton Co., Spence 1985. Grimmia wrightii (Sull. in Gray) Aust. = Jaffueliobryum wrightii (Sull. in Gray) Thér. Gymnostomum aeruginosum Sm. Gymnostomum rupestre Schleich. ex Schwaegr. Weisia rupestris (Schwaegr.) C. Muell. In all states and provinces of the Pacific Northwest but not common; Alaska, California, Nevada, Arizona; Minnesota, Iowa, Wisconsin, Michigan, Ontario; Quebec, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee. BIG HORN CO. 8800' Hartman & Odasz 9146 (RM). PARK CO.: 2324-2350 msm, Duell 2269.4 (BUF). WASHAKIE CO.: On limestone boulders in a shady canyon, Ten Sleep Canyon, Big Horn Mts. 8,000 ft., Sept. 9, 1935, C.L. Porter, 2094 (see discussion sub G. calcareum). YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK: near Gardner River, Aug. 16, 1953, E. Lawton, 1819 (WTU). Gymnostomum calcareum Nees & Hornsch. in Nees et al. Washakie Co., Porter, 1937. Probably G. aeruginosum, v. discussion p. 285 in Crum & Anderson, North American citations perhaps juvenile forms of G. aeruginosum. This species occurs in southern California. The specimen from WTU of Porter, Sept. 9, 1935, 2094, “On limestone boulders in a shady canyon” from the Ten Sleep Canyon in the Big Horn Mts, WASHAKIE, CO., has been determined to be Gymnostomum aeruginosum by R. Zander. The specimen in section shows a ventral costal epidermis, two stereid bands, a central strand in the stem. The capsules were young and so rather ovoid. Gymnostomum curvirostre Hedw. ex Brid. = Hymenostylium recurvirostre (Hedw.) Dix. Hedwigia ciliata (Hedw.) P. Beauv. Hawk's Ranch, Albany County (Aven Nelson, 7500). This plant is very common just to the south, entering Wyoming only at the extreme southern edge, Porter 1937. CROOK CO.: 4350 feet, 1676 (RM, BUF). Helodium blandowii (Web. & Mohr) Warnst. (As Helodium lanatum (Brid.) Broth.) Albany Co. (Aven Nelson, 1746 & 2700; Porter, 935 & 1441), Porter, 1935. ALBANY CO.: Centennial Valley, A. Nelson, Aug. 19, 1895 (RM); Centennial Hills, A. Nelson 2700 (RM). YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK: H.S.Conard Sept. 1, 1948 (48-232), BUF. There is a var. helodioides (Ren. & Card. in Roell) Crum et al. in 1990 checklist. Heterocladium dimorphum (Brid.) Schimp. in B.S.G. Heterocladium squarrosulum (Voit) Lindb. YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK: along Firehole River near Old Faithful Geyser, rotten wood, T.C.Frye, July 6, 1934 (BUF). HOMALOTHECIUM Sometimes Brachythecium salebrosum can be deeply and multi-plicate, resembling a species of this genus. However, all species in Homalothecium are dioicous. Homalothecium aeneum (Mitt.) Lawt. Camptothecium aeneum (Mitt.) Jaeg. Camptothecium aeneum subsp. dolosum Ren. & Card. Camptothecium aeneum var. dolosum (Ren. & Card.) Grout Hypnum aeneum Mitt. (As Camptothecium
aeneum (Mitt.) J. & S.) Albany County, Carbon County, Crook County,
and Yellowstone National Park, Porter, 1935. (As Camptothecium aeneum (Mitt.) Jaeg. & Sauerb.) PARK CO.: thin soil over dry, shaded rock under open canopy of Douglas-fir, at base of Cathedral Cliff, 2 mi. E of Crandall Ranger Station. 6,600 ft, J. C. Elliott 1791 (BUF) Aug. 12, 1990. SHERIDAN CO.: Reed C. Rollins 362 (RM). YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK: Mammoth Hot Springs, Yellowstone Park, on moist ground, Nelson 6041, printed label Plants of Wyoming (c. fr. July 21, 1899) (US, RM). The Mammoth Springs specimen was det. by Holzinger as Camptothecium lutescens B.&S. (Homalothecium fulgescens), but I have redetermined it as H. aeneum based on leaves to 2 mm only, many leaves broadly acute, short capsule (endostome probably eroded) and abundant (exsiccat) material on soil, not on the trees typical of H. fulgescens (Lawton). [Homalothecium lutescens (Hedw.) Robins. excluded from North America [1990 checklist] Camptothecium lutescens (Hedw.) Schimp. in B.S.G. [1990 checklist] [As Camptothecium lutescens (Huds.) B. & S.] Yellowstone National Park, Porter, 1937. Excluded from the North American flora by Crum et al., l973. (As Camptothecium lutescens) Mammoth Hot Springs, Yellowstone National Park (Aven & Elias Nelson, 6041), Porter, 1935.] Homalothecium nevadense (Lesq.) Ren. & Card. Homalothecium nevadense var. subulatum Ren. & Card. in Roell Homalothecium sericeoides C. Muell. & Kindb. in Macoun Hypnum nevadense Lesq. Campbell Co., Medina, 1994. PARK CO.: granite outcrop on bank of Crandall Creek, alt. 6500 ft., Shoshone Natl. Forest, 36 miles NW of Cody, Hermann 20038 (US); dry, shaded rock under open canopy of Douglas-fir, at base of Cathedral Cliff, 2 mi. E of Crandall Ranger Station, 6,600 ft., J. C. Elliott 1783 (BUF) Aug. 12, 1990. This specimen [ 20038] is named without capsules. A sheet with several specimens of this species, none with capsules, was seen from US and identified by Lawton and Hermann. How did they do it? Because H. nevadense is generally pinnatifid (see Grout: this character distinguished H. nevadense from its congeners at the time. Pinnatifid taxa in his Camptothecium were either of the coast states and “more delicate”, or had blunt branch leaves (C. megaptilum) or with spines at the tip of the costa (illustrated by Grout and not in the present specimen). Note Lawton does not mention any particular pinnate branching. (C. alsioides, H. arenarium in Lawton, a species of the coast, according to that author, where the species also has “four to six rows of basal leaf cells similar to alar cells, short, broad, about 17 X 8 µm, walls thick and pitted, etc.; also Grout says C. alsioides is broader, H. nevadense “all the leaves are very narrowly lanceolate). The Park Co. specimen had smooth costae. Note that the basal angles were somewhat excavate and decurrent; Grout mentions decurrent cells. See great description by Flowers p.455 Homalothecium nitens (Hedw.) Robins. = Tomentypnum nitens (Hedw.) Loeske Homalothecium pinnatifidum (Sull. & Lesq.) Lawt. (As Camptothecium pinnatifidum (S.& L.) J. & S.) Mammoth, Yellowstone National Park (Smiley), Porter, 1935. (As Camptothecium pinnatifidum (Sull. & Lesq.) Jaeg. & Sauerb). Yellowstone National Park, Porter, 1937. SHERIDAN CO.: moist limestone, Big Horn National Forest, T57N, R89W, Section 34, McKee 92-001 (BUF, RM), with Ditrichum capillaceum, Hypnum pratense. Hygroamblystegium noterophilum (Sull. & Les1. in Sull.) Warnst. Amblystegium noterophilum (Sull. & Lesqu.) Holz. Hygroamblystegium noterophilum (Sull. & Lesq.) ex Sull.) Warnst. Hypnum noterophilum (Sull. & Lesq. in Gray (As Hygroamblystegium noterophilum (Sulliv.) Warnst.) Albany Co., Porter, 1937. (As Hygroamblystegium noterophilum (Sull.) Warnst.) Laramie, Albany County (Aven Nelson, 9112), Porter, 1935. ALBANY CO.: “Laramie,” A. Nelson 9112 (RM). Mentioned by Crum & Anderson (1981) p. 924, where Wyoming is cited, and “Attached to calcareous rocks and usually submerged in shallow, running water, in springs or small streams, often in association with Fissidens grandifrons, at its best development in large, upwelling calcareous springs.” Hygroamblystegium tenax (Hedw.) Jenn. Amblystegium tenax (Hedw.) C. Jens. Hygroamblystegium irriguum (Hook. & Wils. ex Wils.) Loeske Hygroamblystegium orthocladum (P.-Beauv.) Loeske (As Hygroamblystegium irrigum) Pole Creek, Albany County (Porter, 661), Porter, 1935. (As Hygroamblystegium irrigum (Wils.) Loeske) Albany Co., Porter, 1937. (As Hygroamblystegium orthocladon (P.B.) Grout). Canyon, Yellowstone National Park (Smiley), Porter, 1935. Wyoming, Crum & Anderson p. 927. LINCOLN CO.: 6700 ft., F.J. Hermann 25603 (RM). There is a var. spinifolium (Schimp.) Jenn. in 1990 checklist. HYGROHYPNUM Note confusion with Drepanocladus: look for variable costa in Hygrohypnum: double in Hygrohypnum ochraceum with large inflated auricles and cortical cells coming off from the stem. H. bestii: leaves to 2+mm: orbicular [probably robust H. molle. H. molle: leaves orbicular to longer than broad, between 1.2 and 1.5 mm, not secund, falcate (erect), serrulate in general at the tips. H. luridum: really has no serrations, is falcate or secund, costa reaches nearly to the apex, on occasion, all leaf apices entire, sort of, upper leaf subtubulose, broadly channeled. Crum & Anderson p.981 emphasize that the costa is weak and doesn't make it midway. H. ochraceum: longer than broad, inflated cells at basal angles and in a cylinder around the stem. Hygrohypnum bestii (Ren. & Bryhn in Ren.) Broth. Teton Co., Spence 1985. FREMONT CO.: Dubois, westward near Tworoger Pass, 9000 ft. On ground. T. C. Frye, June 22, 1931 (WTU) [This specimen has leaves to 2+mm]; also second specimen [WTU] same locale, etc. PARK CO.: rd. from Bear tooth Lodge to Red Lodge, e. of Summit at 10,500 ft. near small glacial lake, Lawton 1972 (WTU) [leaves to 2mm]; [says Montana, Park Co.] Falls Creek near Silver Gate, Lawton 2118 (WTU); northwest side of Bear Tooth Lake, Lawton 2079 (WTU) [leaves to 2mm]. TETON CO.: Teton National Park, Cascade Trail, Lawton, Aug. 14, 1953 1769 (WTU) [leaves to 2 mm]. YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK: Mt. Washburn, Frye, Aug. 16, 1925; Black Sand Basin, Lawton 1871 [WTU] [Aug. 18, 1953], with Bryum pseudotriquetrum, Calliergonella cuspidata. These are only identified because some stem tips support leaves to 2 mm, but none of them by much more. V. Crum & Anderson p. 989. Jamieson considered this a western species with some eastern disjuncts. Accepted in new N. Am. checklist. Hygrohypnum dilatatum (Wils.) Loeske = Hygrohypnum molle (Hedw.) Loeske Hygrohypnum duriusculum (De Not.) Jamieson (As Hygrohypnum duriusculum (De Not.) Jamieson) SUBLETTE CO.: 10,324 ft., H. Rolston 85106 (CSU). Hygrohypnum luridum (Hedw.) Jenn. Hygrohypnum palustre Loeske, , nom. illeg. (As Hygrohypnum palustre (Huds.) Loeske. Battle Lake, Carbon County (Aven Nelson, 4202, in part); Elk Mountain, Carbon County (Goodding, 548), Porter, 1935. (As Hygrohypnum palustre Loeske.) Carbon Co., Porter, 1937. ALBANY CO.: Medicine Bow Mtns., Medicine Bow Natl. Forest,
Barber Lake Picnic Area, 2.5 air miles NW of Centennial, Pinus contorta forest along Libby Creek, 2660 msm, Buck 23199
(NY); Centennial Hills, Aven Nelson 2704, Aug. 20, 1896 (id'd as Hypnum arcticum - see note at H. smithii below). CARBON CO.: The plants (Buck) do indeed manage to not be denticulate in the apex, as in H. molle and H. bestii. The plants are “lurid”, a sordid dark green to yellow with brown tones overall. Shining. The leaf shape is distinctive: short rice-shaped; boat or spoon shaped (concave), rather than orbiculate as in H. molle and H. bestii. Broadest across the middle. Hygrohypnum molle (Hedw.) Loeske Hygrohypnum dilatatum (Wils.) Loeske Hygrohypnum smithii var. goulardii (Schimp.) Wijk & Marg. Hypnum molle Hedw. (As Hygrohypnum
dilatatum (Wils.) Loeske) Crum & Anderson p. 989 perhaps hint that Hygrohypnum bestii, dilatatum and molle are the same species. The H. dilatatum is from Lawton
reference). Carbon County and Johnson County, Porter, 1935. Carbon, Fremont,
Johnson, Teton cos., ALBANY CO.: University Laboratory near Centennial, Lawton, 1657 (WTU) [leaves to 1.5 mm]. (As H. dilatatum) CARBON CO.: moist soil on rocks, 10,000 ft., Hermann 17148 (RM). (As H. dilatatum), PARK CO.: Beartooth Plateau, snowbeds, 3200 msm, Weber B-44313 (RM, COLO). YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK: near mouth of Yellowstone Lake, Frye, June 21, 1931 (WTU) [leaves to 1 mm]. Hygrohypnum ochraceum (Turn. ex Wils.) Loeske. Pole Mt., Albany County (Porter, 1418); Canyon, Yellowstone National Park (Smiley), Porter, 1935. ALBANY CO., Yellowstone National Park, Porter, 1937. Teton
Co., Spence 1985. CARBON CO.: T.C. Frye June 25, 1931 (RM); wet rocks on edge
of stream above Lake Marie, 10,000 ft., Snowy Range, Medicine Bow Mts., ca.
13 miles E of Ryan Park, F.J. Hermann 17149 (RM), Aug. 19, 1961. CARBON CO.:
8600 ft., creek bank, F.J. Hermann 26714 (RM). FREMONT CO., 8600 ft.,
partially wooded slope, F. H. Hermann 25306 (RM); westward from Dubois,
Tworoger Pass, alt. about 9000 ft. Coll. T. C. Frye, June 22, 1931 (BUF).
SUBLETTE CO.: 10,324 ft., Holmes Rolston III 85136 (CSU); 10,500 ft., H.
Rolston, III 85116 (CSU); 10,595 ft., Holmes Rolson III 85107 (CS); Bridger
Wilderness, Wind River Range 14/viii/1989 Barnes Lake, 9747 ft. elev.,
42°57'30”N, 109°36'W. Mineralized seeps at south end of lake. Hygohypnum ochraceum f. flaccidum (Milde) Moenk. on a Hermann packet. Hygrohypnum smithii (Sw. in Lilj.) Broth. in Engl. & Prantl Leskea smithii Sw. in Lilj. Centennial, Albany County (Aven Nelson, 2704). “This was published as Hypnum arcticum in the report by Dr. Nelson (1900),” Porter, 1935. Albany Co., Porter, 1937. [I have redetermined that specimen as H. luridum] SUBLETTE CO.: Bridger Wilderness, Wind River Range
16/viii/1989 South fork Baldy Creek headwaters, 10,240 ft. elev. 42°59'N,
109°34'W. On rocks along stream. Hygrohypnum smithii var. goulardii (Schimp.) Wijk & Marg. = H. molle (Hedw.) Loeske Hylocomium splendens (Hedw.) Schimp. in B.S.G. Hylocomium proliferum (Brid.) Lindb. Hypnum proliferum Brid. Hypnum splendens Hedw. (As Hylocomium
proliferum (L.) Lindb.) Sheridan County and Yellowstone National Park,
Porter, 1935. Johnson, SHERIDAN CO.: Wolf Creek Canyon, Aven Nelson no 2306 (RM). Hymenostylium recurvirostre (Hedw.) Dix. Barbula curvirostris f. scabra Lindb. Gymnostomum recurvirostre Hedw. Gymnostomum recurvirostre var. scabrum (Lindb.) Grout Hymenostylium recurvirostre (Hedw.) Dix. Weisia curvirostris (Hedw.) C. Muell. British Columbia, Washington, Alberta, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming; Alaska, Nevada, Utah; South Dakota, Iowa, Missouri, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Ontario; New England, New York, Virginia, North Carolina. (As G. curvirostra (Ehrh.) Hedw.) Point of Rocks, Sweetwater Co. (Aven Nelson, 8144); South Butte, Sweetwater Co. (Aven Nelson, 3549), Porter, 1935. ALBANY CO: Medicine Bow Mts., east of Snowy Range Pass, Aug. 10, 1953, E. Lawton, 1663 ((WTU). JOHNSON CO.: 6600ft, B.E.Nelson 6836a (RM). NATRONA CO.: Hat Six Falls, S. E. of Casper, Elias Nelson 5036 (RM), Aug. 7, 1897, with Pseudoleskeella tectorum. PARK CO.: 8600-9000 feet, 13131 (RM, BUF). SWEETWATER CO.: Aven Nelson 3549 (RM); on the abrupt face of cliff wet with sulphur water, Point of Rocks, Aven Nelson 8144 (COLO, WTU). HYPNUM Note that if you have an apparent hypnum that has erect capsules, erect or straight leaves and is otherwise hypnum-like, even to the little quadrate cells in the leaf angles, you have probably got Pylaisiella, probably P. polyantha. Pylaisiella species are AUTOICOUS, too. Hypnum callichroum Funck. ex Brid. Evanston, Uinta County (Aven Nelson, 4128, in part [see H. lindbergii). “The identity of this plant is doubtful,” Porter, 1935. Uinta Co., Porter, 1937. Excluded. Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw. Hypnum vaucheri Lesq. (see discussion Crum & Anderson p. 1158-9.) Albany County (Porter, 668 & 1279), Porter, 1935. (As Hypnum vaucheri Lesq.) Lawton. Albany Co., Porter, 1937. “Common in front of glaciers,” Teton Range, Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming, Spence, 1981. Teton Co., Spence 1985. ALBANY CO.: limestone rock, deep crack, Vukelich Mar. 19, 1988 (BUF); Laramie Mtns., Roger Canyon, ca. 8 air miles NE of Laramie, Co. Rd. 17, limestone outcrops with Cercocarpus montanus, Buck 23164 (NY) [this may be H. vaucheri, see Reese specimen below). SHERIDAN CO.: limestone boulder in spruce/fir forest, Big Horn National Forest, T57N, R89W, Section 34, McKee 92-F4 (RM) c. fr. June 19, 1992, with Dicranoweisia crispula, Tortella tortuosa, Tortula norvegica. There are vars. filiforme Brid., var. julaceum Brid., var. lacunosum Brid., var. resupinatum (Tayl.) Schimp. in Spruce and var. subjulaceum Mol. in 1990 checklist. var. resupinatum (Tayl.) Schimp. Hawk's Ranch, Colorado-Wyoming State line, Albany County (L.O. Williams, 98), Porter, 1935. Albany Co., Porter, 1937. Hypnum lindbergii Mitt. Hypnum arcuatum Lindb. (As Hypnum arcuatum Lindb.) Albany County (Porter, 770, 780, 1443; and Aven Nelson, 8813), Porter, 1935. (As Hypnum arcuatum Lindb.) Albany Co., Porter, 1937. Teton Co., Spence 1985. ALBANY CO.: 11000 ft., F.J. Hermann 23430 (RM). SUBLETTE
CO.: Bridger Wilderness, Wind River Range 2. 14/viii/1989 Barnes Lake, 9747
ft. elev., 42°57'30”N, 109°36'W. Mineralized seeps at south end of lake with Campyllium stellatum. Hypnum pallescens (Hedw.) P. Beauv. Hypnum depressulum C. Muell. Hypnum pallescens var. reptile (Michx.) Husn. Hypnum reptile Michx. Leskea pallescens Hedw. (As Hypnum depressulum C. M.) Albany County (Elias Nelson, 5172; and Aven Nelson, 1924), Porter, 1935. Albany Co., Porter, 1935. (As H. reptile Michx.) Weston Co., Wynne 1943. ALBANY CO: (As Hypnum pallescens (Hedw.) P. -Beauv.) La Plata Mines. Elias Nelson 5172 (RM) Aug. 25, 1898. Laramie Hills Aven Nelson 1924 (RM) June 13, 1896. Hypnum pratense (Rabenh.) Koch ex Spruce SHERIDAN CO.: moist limestone, Big Horn National Forest, T57N, R89W, Section 34, McKee 92-001 (BUF, RM), with Homalothecium pinnatifidum, Ditrichum capillaceum. Hypnum revolutum (Mitt.) Lindb. “Very common.” Albany County, Carbon County, Sublette
County, Teton County, and Yellowstone National Park, Porter, 1935. ALBANY CO. : 9800 ft., F.J. Hermann 23427 (RM); Hermann
17752 (RM); Medicine Bow Mtns., Barber Lake picnic area; 2.5 mi due NW of
Centennial, 8,700 ft, Pinus contorta forest
along Libby Creek, on boulder, W. D. Reese 18168 (LAF) June 7, 1993. BIG HORN
CO.: just off US16 between TenSleep & Buffalo (near Sitting Bull
Campsite). Pinus contorta v. latifolia being lumbered. Just N of
Washakie Co. border. ca. 5000' Disturbed soil with Bryum lisae var. cuspidatum,
Ceratodon purpureus, July 6, 1985
Eckel 94092203 (BUF). FREMONT CO.: 7800 ft., F.J. Hermann 25535 (RM); soil on
rock, Douglas fir slope 1/2 mile E of Horse Creek Campground, 7800 ft.
Absaroka Range, 11 miles N of Dubois, Hermann 25536 (RM), Aug. 28, 1973. PARK
CO.: 6500 ft., F. J. Hermann 20040 (RM); thin soil over dry, shaded rock
under open canopy of Douglas-fir, at base of Cathedral Cliff, 2 mi. E of
Crandall Ranger Station, 6,600 ft. J. C. Elliott 1792 (BUF) Aug. 12, 1990.
SHERIDAN CO.: limestone boulder in spruce/fir forest, Big Horn National
Forest, T57N, R89W, Section 34, McKee 92-F1 (BUF, RM). SUBLETTE CO.: 7850 ft.
F.J. Hermann 25318 (RM); Bridger Wilderness, Wind River Range 14/viii/1989
Barnes Lake, 9747 ft. elev., 42°57'30”N, 109°36'W. At base of trees by lake. “Since the leaves tend to be strongly channeled, it is often difficult to observe whether the margin is actually revolute. I have often had to prove the point with cross sections of the leaves” Flowers (p. 513). The Big Horn Co. specimen is golden-green to brown as the descriptions indicate, rather than all green, as H. pallescens is said to be. Hypnum vaucheri Lesq. Above, this species is lumped with H. cupressiforme, but the specimen of Reese's is distinctive, especially when reading Smith & Flowers. Campbell Co., Medina, 1994. ALBANY CO.: Medicine Bow Mtns., Barber Lake picnic area; ca. 2.5 mi. due NW of Centennial; ca. 8,700 ft., Pinus contorta forest along Libby Creek, on duff. Reese 18169 (LAF); Laramie Mtns, Roger Canyon, 8 air miles NE of Laramie City center. 7850-8000 ft. on soil, associated with limestone outcrop, N. G. Miller 10,239 (NYS) June 7, 1993. Tiny plant, irregularly branched, SUB-JULACEOUS, especially when wetted. One thinks of H. revolutum, but the margins are not recurved except a little at the base - they are erect on a concave leaf to inward, making the leaf tubulose to a channeled apex. Flowers gives a strikingly good description of the Reese specimen. He says H. vaucheri “is one of the dominant mosses in localized parts of the Colorado-Green River Basin, where it grows on dry rocks and ledges, often on sandy soil sheltered by overhanging rocks, bases of trees, shrubs and bunchgrasses. Elsewhere in the state it is less frequent.” It is indeed, as he says, “brownish green and somewhat glossy when dry”, it is also notable for its large area of quadrate cells, in well defined groups about twice as long as wide, to 15 cells up the leaf margin. Although the Reese specimen shows mostly secund-falcate leaves, these are variable to straight. This variability is distinctive. Paraphyllia are foliose! Isopterygiopsis pulchella (Hedw.) Iwats. Hypnum nitidulum Wahlenb. Isopterygium nitidulum (Wahlenb.) Kindb. Isopterygium nitidum Lindb. Isopterygium pulchellum (Hedw.) Jaeg. Isopterygium pulchellum var. nitidulum (Wahlenb.) G. Roth Isopterygium pulchellum var. nitidulum (Wahlenb.) Roth Leskea pulchella Hedw. Plagiothecium pulchellum (Hedw.) B.S.G. Teton Co., Spence 1985. ALBANY CO.: La Plata Mines, Elias Nelson 5242 (RM), c.fr., Aug. 29, 1898 [orig. det. as Plagiothecium sullivantiae Sch. - specimen autoicous, stem cortical cells thick walled] “Brooklyn Lake, Albany County (Elias Nelson, 5242)”
Porter, 1935 - note that the label cited by Porter here does not bear the
same data for Nelson 5242 as the specimen at RM. Plagiothecium roseanum, or Pl.
cavifolium (Brid.) Iwats. is here excluded from Jaffueliobryum wrightii (Sull. in Gray) Thér. Coscinodon wrightii Sull. in Gray Grimmia wrightii (Sull.) Aust. LARAMIE CO.: Pine Bluffs Rest Area on the I-80, Pine Bluffs, from holes in boulders sitting on rest area lawn. Had been relocated from bluff. Assoc. Bouteloua graiclis and other prairie ssp (lawn grass) March 22, 1996, w. young, calyptrate fruit, Judy A. Hoy 314 (BUF). Lawton suggests that Grimmia raui Aust. (Bull. Torrey Club 6: 46. 1875) “is described as having the leaves entire, but specimens determined as G. raui commonly have some of the upper leaves minutely denticulate at the apex. it is questionable whether G. raui should be maintained as a distinct species,” p. 123. (As G. raui Aust) Carbon Co. “Rawlins, July 13, l942, Degener & Peiler 16968” Wynne 1943. “Rare in the Pacific Northwest” Lawton. Leptobryum pyriforme (Hedw.) Wils. Webera pyriformis Hedw. Cosmopolitan and common. “Common throughout most of the
the State. ALBANY CO.: 7800 ft., F.J. Hermann 25930 (RM); NW base of
Sheep Mtn., seep area (calcareous fen) with Populus, Betula and Salix dominant,
Buck 23223 (NY) c.fr. young, some undeveloped, June 7, 1993; La Plata Mines,
Elias Nelson 5176 (RM), c.fr. Aug. 25, 1898, in Mnium marginatum (packet), with Bryum turbinatum. BIGHORN CO.: Big Horn Mtns. on rotten logs,
8300 ft., Nelson 3658, c. fr. July 13, 1979, with Distichium, Bryum (RM). CARBON CO.: Haggarty Creek, Sierra Madre
Mtns. 8440' elev., moist soil by creek, Nancy Kastning-Culp 3032, c.fr.
(BUF). FREMONT CO.: 8400 ft., F.J. Hermann 25516 (RM). JOHNSON CO., 6600ft.,
B.E.Nelson 6836b (RM). PARK CO.: 9500 ft., F.J. Hermann 20069 (RM). NOTE: may be confused with another genus with long, setaceous leaves: Distichium, which has leaves coming off the stem alternately left and right, presenting a flattened face on the stem, whereas Leptobryum is whorled and the stem and leaves together are cylindrical overall. The capsules of Distichium are cylindric and erect to slighly inclined from the vertical, whereas Leptobryum has its distinct obpyriform, upside-down pear shaped, highly glossy capsules. Leptodictyum humile (P. Beauv.) Ochyra Amblystegium trichopodium (Schultz) C.J. Hartm. var. trichopodium Amblystegium trichopodium (Schultz) Hartm. Amblystegium trichopodium var. curvipes (Schimp. in B.S.G.) Broth. Amblystegium trichopodium var. kochii (Schimp. in B.S.G.) Lindb. Leptodictyum trichopodium (Schultz) Warnst. Leptodictyum trichopodium var. curvipes (Schimp. in B.S.G.) Broth. Leptodictyum trichopodium var. kochii (B.S.G.) Broth. in E. & P., Leptodictyum trichopodium var. kochii (Schimp. in B.S.G.) Broth. (As Leptodictyum
trichopodium (Schultz) Warnst. var. kochii (B.S.G.) Broth.) ALBANY CO.: northwest base of Sheep Mtn. along WY Rte. 11;
ca. 4 miles due ESE of Centennial; ca. 7,700-7,800 ft., fen with low forest
of Populus, Betula, Salix in
shallow water, a “hanging bog” on steep hillside. In the bog. Reese 18177,
June 7, 1993 (LAF) (thin network over putrid wood punk) det. Crum; ca. 4 air
miles E-SE of Centennial, NW base of Sheep Mtn. along WY11, 7700-7900 ft. Populus, Betula, and Salix associated with spring seep; on
log under shrubs, N.G. Miller 10,264 (NYS) June 7, 1993. CROOK CO.: Sundance
Creek, Aven Nelson 2233 (RM). SUBLETTE CO.: Bridger-Teton National Forest,
4.6 miles N of Bondurant on US 191 & 189. Wooded Spruce bank, ss rocks,
lush herbage, N slope. Hoback River valley. July 5, 1985. shaded sandstone
rock, P. M. Eckel 9612521 (BUF) +Saionia
uncinata, Brachythecium salebrosum, Eurrhynchium pulchellum, Platydictya
jungermannioides. Apparantly the difference between this species and A. juratzkanum in forms of trichopodium where the costa goes only halfway up the leaf, the leaves are to 1 mm is in the character of the areolation. In A. trichopodium (now Leptodictyum, as one would guess) the leaf cells are longer, thinner walled and larger than the smaller, shorter, thicker- walled A. juratzkanum. There are specimens in which the leaves are identical except for the leaf cells. See the comparative areolations in Crum & Anderson in Amblystegium p. 943. Campylium hispidulum which is similar differs by the more conspicuous dentition, the channeled apex, the more abruptly acuminate condition from a broader base, the more slender apex sometimes short-filiform often reflexed or bent backward. Campylium chrysophyllum is strongly channeled in the apex and with more strongly falcate leaf tips again more abruptly acuminate. The costa is stronger, more than 1/2 the leaf length. |
|
Leptodictyum riparium (Hedw.) Warnst. Amblystegium riparium (Hedw.) Schimp. in B.S.G. Amblystegium riparium fo. fluitans (Lesq. & James) Flow. Amblystegium riparium var. abbreviatum Schimp. in B.S.G. Amblystegium riparium var. flaccidum (Lesq. & James) Ren. & Card. Amblystegium riparium var. fluitans (Lesq. & James) Ren. & Card. Leptodictyum riparium (Hedw.) Warnst. Leptodictyum riparium var. brachyphyllum (Card. & Thér.) Grout Leptodictyum riparium var. elongatum (Schimp. in B.S.G.) Warnst. Leptodictyum riparium var. flaccidum (Lesq. & James) Grout Leptodictyum riparium var. longifolium (Schultz) Warnst. Leptodictyum riparium var. nigrescens Wynne in E. Whiteh. Leptodictyum riparium var. obtusum (Grout) Grout Leptodictyum sipho (P. Beauv.) Broth (As Leptodictyum riparium) Albany Co., Yellowstone National Park, Porter, 1937. ALBANY CO.: NW base of Sheep Mtn. along WY 11, ca. 4 air miles ESE of Centennial, seep area (calcareous fen) with Populus, Betula and Salix, Buck 23235 (NY). TETON CO.: (var. longifolium (Schultz.) Moenk.) 6.700 ft., boggy area, Lichvar 704 (RM). The overall delicacy of this species is what makes it distinctive from other species in the genus. The costa is thinner than the others, except perhaps A. serpens, than which this plant is usually bigger. In the Buck specimen, the plants have similar shape to A. serpens but are larger, larger cells, more delicate so more delicate in color (pale green). The apex was acuminate, the leaf broad at the base. Lescuraea radicosa (Mitt.) Moenk. = Pseudoleskea radicosa (Mitt.) Mac. & Kindb. Limprichtia revolvens (Sw.) Loeske Drepanocladus revolvens (Sw.) Warnst. [As Drepanocladus revolvens (Sw.) Warnst.]: Wynne, 1944; who gives a dot map showing a station in the Big Horn Mountain area of Wyoming. SUBLETTE CO.: Bridger Wilderness, Wind River Range
15/viii/1989 ca. 1/2 mile southwest of Barnes Lake, 9760 ft. elev., 42°57'N,
109°36'W. Terrace fen. In Eleocharis stand.
Beautiful lustrous golden-coppery to red moss with inflated cortical cells, small central strand and thick-walled alar cells often not coming off with the dissected leaf. They are described variously as few and hyaline (Weber & Lawton who says they are rather quadrate, which they are - making one pause a bit) with pitted basal cells. Crum & Anderson make the useful observation that the cells across the insertion are somewhat darker “oblong-linear, with thickened, porose walls” grading to the variety intermedius where the cells across the insertion are “not much differentiated.” The few cells at the basal angles “hyaline and slightly enlarged.” It appears that the costa is somewhat short for the genus, too. The presence of a central strand separates this from D. vernicosus (C&A 971). [ Macrocoma tenue subsp. sullivantii (C.Muell.) Grout] [EXCLUDED due to mislabelled data (Vitt, 1981; J. A. Christie, in sched. The specimen under this name originated in North Carolina - the Yellowstone citation was for Orthotrichum rupestre of that series - see information here under that name. ] [Meesia triquetra (Richt.) Aongstr. EXCLUDED] [Sublette Co., Cooper & Andrus, 1994. No, this was Oncophorus wahlenbergii. See discussion under Oncophorus for distinctions from Meesia.] Meesia uliginosa Hedw. Meesia trichodes Spruce (As Meesia trichodes Spruce) Boggy places near Fox Park, Albany Co. (Aven Nelson, 9055), Porter, 1935. ALBANY CO.: Boggy places, Fox Park, Medicine Bow Mountains, Aven Nelson 9055 (RM). Mnium ambiguum H. Muell. Mnium lycopodioides var. inclinatum (Lindb.) Wijk & Marg. Mnium pseudolycopodioides C. Muell. & Kindb. in Macoun Mnium umbratile Mitt. Brit. Colo. Wash, Oregon, Idaho, Mont., Wyoming; Col; Ontario, New Eng., New York. ALBANY CO.; 8590 ft., F.J. Hermann 24878 (RM); 10,000 ft., F.J. Hermann 17703 (RM). Mnium arizonicum Amann Brit. Colo. Wyoming; Ariz, Nev., Utah, Colo. Wyoming, Flowers 1973. Wyoming: Teton Co.: Cascade Canyon, 1953, Conard (CANM), Koponen (1972). Teton Co., Spence 1985. ALBANY CO., F. J. Hermann 17114, 8000 ft. (RM); 10,800
ft., Holmes Rolston 86085 (Colo. State Herb.); P.M.Eckel 120886 (BUF, RM),
8000 ft. PARK CO.: thin soil over dry, shaded rock under open canopy of
Douglas-fir, at base of Cathedral Cliff, 2 mi. E of Crandall Ranger Station,
6,600 ft. J. C. Elliott 1784 (BUF), Aug. 12, 1990; 8300 feet, ??? 13110 (RM,
BUF). SUBLETTE CO.: Bridger Wilderness, Wind River Range 15/viii/1989 ca. 1/2
mile southwest of Barnes Lake, 9760 ft. elev., 42°57'N, 109°36'W. Terrace
fen. On N facing rock at edge of fen. Mnium blyttii Bruch & Schimp. in B.S.G. Astrophyllum blyttii (B.S.G.) Lindb. ALBANY CO.: 8,500 ft., R. Lichvar 1341 (RM); Hermann 17699 (RM) 10,000 ft.. FREMONT CO.: 8400 ft., F.J. Hermann 25512 (RM). SHERIDAN CO.: 6600-8000 ft., Odasz 1127 (BUF, RM). SUBLETTE CO.: 7950ft., F.J. Hermann 25329 (RM). After working on about six specimens of this taxon from one locality in Sheridan Co. (McKee series), one might say that, after Mnium arizonicum with its porose cell walls, the taxon this one might be most easily confused with is Mnium thomsonii. The latter has elongate leaves, vs. the short, broad at the middle leaves of M. blyttii. The latter also has consistent sharp, clear double teeth on the margins, whereas byttii's are variable, generally blunter. Variation is conspicuous in blyttii, its leaf cells sometimes as small as those of M. thomsonii, sometimes as large as in the descriptions, and blyttii does have rounded corners, slightly, not angular (for M. thomsonii, Crum & Anderson say “more or less thickened at the corners Vol.1, p. 587”). In M. blyttii the margins are variously single layered to many: nearly three. My impression of M. thomsonii is that it is more stable in its characteristics. The leaf shape seems to be the best character to differentiate them [M. blyttii is broadest at the middle, also densely rhizoidal, whereas thomsonii is scarcely so - Lawton]. Also M. thomsonii seems to have some teeth at the back of the costa, which was hard to demonstrate in any of the McKee specimens. [Richard used KOH, as in Koponen, but found no bluing in M. blyttii specimens to help differentiate]. Use the complexity of the leaf margin to separate from M. marginatum (q.v.) in sterile specimens. “Doubtful specimens are easily distinguished by the following chemical test: heat a leaf with alcohol to destroy the chlorophyll, then add a drop of KOH. The leaf should turn blue-green.” Weber p. 24 Mnium hornum Hedw. Brooklyn Lake, Albany Co. (Elias Nelson, 5171), Porter, 1935. [In Grout, Vol. 2 part 4 p. 247 this species is described from the Atlantic coastal region. “Collected once in Missouri, at Clayton by P. K. Lawrence in 1904.”] [Mnium lycopodioides Schwaegr. Excluded from N. Am. flora “American specimens are mostly M. ambiguum H. Muell.” in 1990 checklist.) Mnium marginatum (With.) Brid. ex P. Beauv. Bryum marginatum With. Mnium serratum Brid. Brit. Colo., Wash., Alberta, Idaho, Mont., Wyoming; Calif., Ariz., Col; South Dak., Iowa, Missouri, Ark., Ontar; Queec, New Engl., N. Carolina. (As Mnium serratum Schrad.) Albany Co., “from several locations,” Porter, 1935. (As Mnium subglobosum B. & S.) Albany Co. (Aven Nelson, 1744 & 2702), Porter, 1935. ALBANY CO.: in deep shade on wet, peaty, wooded bank of Nash Fork on Sand Lake Rd., 2 miles NW of Rte. 130, alt. 8500 ft., Medicine Bow Mts., ca. 4 miles 2 of Centennial, Hermann 17778, Aug. 5, 1962 (RM) (sterile specimen seen, with complex marginal cell bundle); La Plata Mines, Elias Nelson 5176 (RM), c.fr. Aug. 25, 1898, with Leucobryum pyriforme, Bryum turbinatum, Distichium capillaceum. PARK CO.; 6460 feet, ??? 20650 (RM, BUF). SUBLETTE CO: wet, peaty knoll under spruce on west shore of Lower Green River Lake, alt. 7950ft., Wind River Range, 50 miles N of Pinedale, Jermann 25330 (RM), June 19, 1973. TETON CO.: on US26 & US237, 1.3 miles W of Togwotee Pass, Bridger-Teton Natl. Forest, ca. 9000', Picea-Pinus flexilis wood-land, xeric but for stream bottoms. Lupinulus, Asters, wooded stream, soggy debris c.fr., July 6, 1985, w. Brachythecium salebrosum, Distichium capillaceum, Aulacomnium palustre, Cratoneuron filicinum, Eckel 94082106 (BUF) Distinctive are the double teeth (Mnium), synoicous inflorescences (good distinction from M. blytii) and thickened cell corners. Note, especially in sterile specimens, that the teeth are sometimes very low and blunt and the doubleness is not demonstrable (as noted by Flowers). How to tell it from M. blyttii is by the complexity of the marginal cell bundle (cf. Lawton's key): if only two or three cells the plant might be M. blyttii. If four or more, it is M. marginatum. Otherwise the areolation of both species are the same as described. To differentiate from M. lycopodioides, as in Lawton's key - I presume that species has well defined teeth. Mnium orthorhynchium sensu auct. plur. = M. thomsonii Schimp. [1990 checklist: another use of M. orthorhynchium Brid. is for Atrichum tenellum (Roel.) Bruch & Schimp. in B.S.G.] Mnium spinulosum Bruch & Schimp. in B.S.G.. Battle Creek Canyon, Carbon County (Porter, 1720), Porter, 1935. Teton Co., Spence 1985. Mnium thomsonii Schimp. Mnium decurrens C. Muell. & Kindb. in Macoun Mnium inclinatum Lindb. Brit. Colo., Wash., Oregon, Alberta, Mont., Wyoming; Colo., Minnesota, Ont., Iowa, Ark.; Greenland, Quebec, Nova Scot, N. Carol. (As Mnium
orthorhynchum) ALBANY CO.: soil on wet rocky edge of stream in aspens,
alt. 8590 ft., NW slope of Pole Mt., Poly creek Campground, Medicine Bow
N.F., 9 mi SE of Laramie, Centennial, Hermann 24868, June 7, 1972 (RM);
Medicine Bow Mts. Libby Creek, growing along rotten log on moist soil. Common
[in packet of Brachythecium
erythrorrhizon] Lichvar 1347b (RM). PARK CO.; 6500 ft., F.J. Hermann
20036 (RM). PARK CO.; 7500 ft., F.J. Hermann 20056 (RM). SUBLETTE CO.:
Bridger Wilderness, Wind River Range 14/viii/1989 Barnes Lake, 9747 ft. elev.,
42°57'30”N, 109°36'W. Mineralized seeps at south end of lake, with Bartramia ithyphylla The Albany Co. specimen of Hermann's (24868) had non varying double teeth, smaller leaf cells, long thin leaves, thick walls with minor corner thickenings and dioicous. The specimen was det. by T. Koponen as M. marginatum, but perhaps in distribution duplicate specimens got mixed. [(= Mnium thomsonii Schimp. = Mnium orthorrhynchum auct. plur. in 1990 checklist. Another citation is M. orthorrhychum = Atrichum tenellum (Roehl.) Bruch & Schimp. in B. S. G.)] Mnium orthorrhynchum Brid. DOUBTFUL Astrophyllum orthorrhynchum (Brid.) Lindb. Mnium decurrens C. Muell. & Kindb. in Macoun Mnium inclinatum Lindb. Mnium lycopodioides ssp. orthorrhynchum (Lindb.) Wijk & Marg. In Crum & Anderson as Mnium thomsonii Schimp. p. 587: Mnium orthorhynchium sensu auct. plur. non Brid. 1817.] Albany County (Porter, 692); Sublette County (Porter, 1123). Both of these specimens are sterile. 692 was determined by Dr. Grout as being almost certainly this species,” Porter, 1935. ALBANY CO.: 10,000 ft., F. J. Hermann 17728 (RM). Myurella julacea (Schwaegr.) Schimp. in B.S.G.. ALBANY CO.; F.J. Hermann 17222 1/2 (RM): fragmentary but distinctive material. Neckera pennata Hedw. Neckera pennata var. oligocarpa (Bruch in Aongstr.) C. Muell. Neckera pennata var. tenera C. Muell. Lawton, 1971, indicates a specimen from Wyoming. (As var. oligocarpa B. & S.) Hawk's Ranch, Colorado-Wyoming State line, Albany County (Aven Nelson, 11,297), Porter, 1935. (As var. oligocarpa (Bruch) Grout), Albany Co., Porter, 1937. ALBANY CO., C. L. Porter #1754 (RM). Oncophorus virens (Hedw.) Brid. Cynodontium virens (Hedw.) Schimp. Dicranum virens Hedw. Dicranum virens var. serratum B.S.G. Oncophorus virens var. serratus (B.S.G.) Braithw. Throughout the Pacific Northwest; Alaska, California, Colorado, Utah, Nevada, New Mexico; Minnesota, Michigan; Greenland, Nova Scotia, Quebec. Fairly common along streams from 9,000-10,000 ft. in southeastern Wyoming; Albany (Porter, 1372), [Carbon, Johnson cos.] Porter, 1935. ALBANY CO.: peaty vertical bank of streamlet in mountain meadow, 1 1/4 miles S of Brooklyn Lake, 10,000 ft., Medicine Bow Mts., 9 miles W of Centennial, c. fr. Aug. 2, 1962, Hermann 17679 (RM). CARBON CO.: moss-covered, peaty bank of Trail Creek, W of Sand Lake Rd., 9,000 ft., Medicine Bow Mts., 4.5 miles SW of Morgan, c. fr. Aug. 6, 1962, Hermann 17798 (RM). FREMONT CO.: 12,500 ft., wet places near small waterfall, Francis X. Jozwik 471, c.fr. August 6, 1963 (RM). PARK CO.: alpine bog, 3250 msm, W. A. Weber, B-44223 (RM, COLO); Beartooth Plateau, Cooke City to Red Lodge Highway; alpine bog of east summit, east slope, head of Wyoming Creek, 3250 msm, Weber, B- 44264 (COLO, RM). Oncophorus wahlenbergii Brid. PARK CO: 2900 msm, W. A. Weber c. fr. Aug. 19, 1973,
B-44288 (RM, COLO). SUBLETTE CO.: Bridger Wilderness, Wind River Range
14/viii/1989 Barnes Lake, 9747 ft. elev., 42°57'30”N, 109°36'W. Mineralized
seeps at south end of lake with Campylium
stellatum, Climacium americanum &
Distichium capillaceum, Orthotrichum affine Brid. Albany County (Porter, 1004), [Washakie Co.], Porter, 1935. Orthotrichum alpestre Hornsch. in B.S.G. Albany Co. (Porter, 1288), Porter, 1935. Teton Co., Spence 1985. ALBANY CO.: exposed crevices in granite boulder on grassland, Laramie Mts., Horse Creek drainage, 8000ft., 10 miles ENE of Laramie, Hermann 17112 (RM) Aug. 17, 1961; Laramie Mountains, Roger Canyon, 8 air miles NE of Laramie city center; 7850-8000 ft, thin soil over limestone boulder, N. G. Miller 10,240 (NYS) June 7, 1993, c.fr. PARK CO.: 7500 ft., F.J. Hermann 20062 (RM). FREMONT CO.: rock outcrop along stream, Fiddler's Lake Rd (Wyo. 131), 8600 ft, 14 miles SSW of Lander, Hermann 25310 (RM) June 18, 1973. YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK: 5500 ft., F.J. Hermann 20014 (RM). Orthotrichum anomalum Hedw. Albany Co. (Porter, 756), Porter, 1935. ALBANY CO.: On granite rocks, Hawk's Ranch, C. L. Porter, 756, April 26, 1931, c.fr. (NY). WESTON CO.: Newcastle, on arid rock in dryish canyon, Leroy Peiler, 17,030, July 16, 1942 (NY). Orthotrichum cupulatum Brid. Apparently our commonest species. ALBANY CO.: Laramie Mts., Roger Canyon, ca. 8 air miles NE of Laramie, 2400 msm, limestone outcrops with Cercocarpus montanus, Buck, 23151 (NY), capsules with calyptrae June 7, 1993. FREMONT CO.: 9300 ft., F.J. Hermann 25300 (RM). Orthotrichum jamesianum Sull. in James. in Watson = Orthotrichum pellucidum Lindb. Orthotrichum hallii Sull. & Lesq. in Sull. Albany County (Porter, 485 & 638), [Natrona cos.], Porter, 1935. Wyoming, Flowers 1973. Campbell Co., Medina, 1994. ALBANY CO.: PM Eckel 871104 (RM, BUF); 8600 ft., on granite rocks, April 7, 1988 Vukelich (BUF); along Roger Canyon in the Laramie Mtns, 7 mi. due NE of Laramie city center, Artemesia scrub vegetation; limestone cliffs and outcrops, 7,600 ft. Vertical seeping crack in limestone cliff, W. D. Reese 18158 (LAF) June 7, 1993 with Grimmia anodon. FREMONT CO.; 9300 ft., F.J. Hermann 25298 (RM). Orthotrichum holzingeri Ren. & Card. in Holz. “Fremont Co.: Shoshone National Forest, Wind River Mountains, along Hwy 131, SW of Lander, between Sinks Canyon St. Pk. and Frye Lake, 10.0 km NE of Frye Lake, 2,200 m, Vitt 35377 (ALTA, C, CANM, COLO, MO, NY,, PMA, UBC); Popo Agie Falls, 2,320 m, Vitt 35420 (ALTA, C, CANM, COLO, MO, NY, PMA, UBC),” Vitt 1991. FREMONT CO.: Vitt no. 35378 as cited above (MO) "On vertical ledges of calcareous rock in seasonally wet stream and on dry outcrops near stream in Pseudotsuga menziesii-Pinus contorta-Pinus flexilis forest." Dale H. Vitt with Ross Hastings June 5, 1990." PARK CO.: 6500 ft. granite, “new to Wyoming,” F.J. Hermann 20029 (RM). Cited by Vitt (1973) and also: Vitt, D. H. 1991. Rediscovery of Orthotrichum holzingeri: its Morphology and Habitat in Western North America. Bryologist 94(1): 77-79. “The species occurs in a unique habitat of periodically inundated rock surfaces near streams in dry, montane forests.” Found on “vertical calcareous rock surfaces and at the bases of Salix bushes just above rock substrates. On these substrates it occurs in areas subject to periodic inundation by seasonally high water. In the Wind River Mountains it was collected in a dry stream bed about 2-3 m wide, and at the edge of a much larger, permanent stream, where it was wet due to spray from swiftly running water. In both instances Schistidium rivulare (Brid.) Podp. occurred in association. The two collections were made in montane forests dominated by Pseudotsuga menziesii, Pinus contorta, and Pinus flexilis.” Orthotrichum laevigatum Zett. Orthotrichum laevigatum fo. macounii (Aust.) Lawt. & Vitt in Lawt. Orthotrichum macounii Aust. Orthotrichum macounii var. lonchothecium (C. Muell. & Kindb. in Mac. & Kindb.) Grout (As O. macounii) Wyoming, Flowers 1973. (As Orthotrichum macounii Aust.) Yellowstone National Park, Porter, 1937. (As var. lonchothecium (C. Muell. & Kindb.) Grout.) Washakie Co., Porter, 1937. Am1 Wyoming, Flowers 1973. Teton Co., Spence 1985. Campbell Co., Medina, 1994. FREMONT CO.: Bridger-Teton National Forest on US26 & US287, between Moran & Dubois ca. 9000' Alpine meadow, much herbage. Wet with flowing streams. Granite outcrops. N slopes of knoll, with Tortula ruralis, Eckel 9308102 (BUF); (as f. macounii) 9300 ft., F.J. Hermann 25299 (RM). JOHNSON CO., PM Eckel 24586. LINCOLN CO.; 6700 ft., F.J. Hermann 25601 (RM). PARK CO.; 6500 ft., F.J. Hermann 20032 1/2 (RM); Beartooth Plateau, Cooke City to Red Lodge Hwy; granitic ridges with Picea and Pinus flexilis, vicinity of Long Lake and lower Sheepherder Lakes, 2900 msm, on rock outcrops, Weber B-44240 (RM, COLO) Aug. 20, 1973; 7500 ft., F.J. Hermann 20054 (RM); dry, shaded rock under open canopy of Douglas-fir, at base of Cathedral Cliff, 2 mi. E of Crandall Ranger Station, 6,600 ft, J. C. Elliott 1795 (BUF) Aug. 12, 1990. SHERIDAN CO.; 5400-6000 ft., Hartman 9402 (RM, BUF). SUBLETTE CO.: 10,300 ft., H.Rolston, 86024 (Colo St.U.); (as f. macounii) 7950 ft., F.J. Hermann 25322 (RM). TETON CO.; (as f. macounii) 7000 ft., F.J. Hermann 25551 (RM). YELLOWSTONE NATNL PARK: on the vertical face of a great shaded rock, Druid Peak, A. & E. Nelson 5791 (RM) July 12, 1899, capsules dehisced & old, exsiccat Plants of Yell. Nat. Pk. det. Holzinger; on rock at Lower Falls - Yellowstone Falls, Floyd Bartley & Leslie Pontious 8 (RM) Aug. 21, 1938. The plant from Yellowstone (5791) had short setae (1.7-2 mm). Seems to be problems generally with the expression “emmergent” and “exserted” - many specimens that ought to be exserted appear to be only emmergent - water when applied makes the leaves bend back and the exserted quality becomes obvious. Length of seta should be more definitive. Rather a distinctive Orthotrichum, with its thick-walled nodose basal cells, recurved margins, long-exserted unribbed capsules. In the Fremont specimen the cells of the leaf insertion were in a red row, clear under the dissecting scope. On rock (not trees, usually). Teeth are erect with grainy-papillose surface markings (not smooth). |
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Orthotrichum obtusifolium Brid. CROOK CO.: Bl |