A SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY OF LITERATURE
ON PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS A - M

Richard H. Zander
Buffalo Museum of Science
1020 Humboldt Parkway
Buffalo, NY 14211
www.buffalomuseumofscience.org
Feb. 21, 2001

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A SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY OF LITERATURE ON PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS A - M

About 2700 entries, some are duplicates. This file is A through M.

 

Abbott, L. A., F. A. Bisby & D. J. Rogers. 1985. Taxonomic Analysis in Biology: Computers, Models, and Databases. Columbia University Press, New York.

Aboitiz, F. 1988. Homology, a comparative or a historical concept? Acta Biotheoretica 37: 27-9.

Adams, D. C. and M. S. Rosenberg. 1998. Partial warps, phylogeny, and ontogeny: a comment on Fink and Zelditch (1995). Systematic Biology, 47(1):168-173.

Adams, E. N. 1986. N-trees as nestings: complexity, similarity, and consensus. Journal of Classification 3: 299-317.

Adams, E. N. 1972. Consensus techniques and the comparison of taxonomic trees. Systematic Zoology, 21, 390-397.

Adams, E. N. 1986. N-trees as nestings: complexity, similarity, and consensus. Journal of Classification, 3, 299-317.

Adams, E. N., III. 1972. Consensus techniques and the comparison of taxonomic trees. Systematic Zoology 21: 390-397.

Adams, E. N., III. 1986. N-trees as nestings: Complexity, similarity, and consensus. Journal of Classification 3: 299-317.

Alberch, P. 1985. Problems with the interpretation of developmental sequences. Systematic Zoology 34: 46-58.

Alberch, P., S. J. Gould, G. F. Oster, and D. B. Wake. 1979. Size and shape in ontogeny and phylogeny. Paleobiology 5: 296-317.

Albert, V. A. In press. Phylogeny of the slipper orchids (Cypripedioideae: Orchidaceae) from congruent morphological and molecular data sets. Nordic Journal of Botany.

Albert, V. A. & B. D. Mishler. 1992. On the rationale and utility of weighting nucleotide sequence data. Cladistics 8: 73-83.

Albert, V. A. and B. D. Mishler. 1992. On the rationale and utility of weighting nucleotide sequence data. Cladistics 8: 73-83.

Albert, V. A., B. D. Mishler and M. W. Chase. 1992. Character-state weighting for restriction site data in phylogenetic reconstruction, with an example from chloroplast DNA. In: P. S. Soltis, D. E. Soltis, and J. J. Doyle [eds.], Molecular Systematics of Plants, 369-403. Chapman & Hall, New York.

Albert, V. A., K. M. W. Chase & B. D. Mishler. 1993. Character-state weighting for cladistic analysis of protein-coding DNA sequences. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 80: 752-766.

Albert, V. A., M. W. Chase, and B. D. Mishler. 1993. Character-state weighting for cladistic analysis of protein-coding DNA sequences. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 80: 752-766.

Albert, V. A., S. E. Williams, and M. W. Chase. 1992. Carnivorous plants: Phylogeny and structural evolution. Science 257: 1491-1495.

Albrecht, G. H. 1978. Some comments on the use of ratios. Systematic Zoology 27: 67-71.

Alcock, J. 1984. Animal Behavior: An Evolutionary Approach, Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts.

Allard, M. W. 1990. Further comments on Goodman's maximum parsimony procedure. Cladistics 6: 283-289.

Allard, N. W., M. M. Miyamoto. 1992. Perspective: Testing phylogenetic approaches with empirical data, as illustrated with the parsimony method. Molecular Biology and Evolution 9: 778-786.

Allen, B. H. 1984. Cladistics, character polarizations and mosses. Am. J. Bot. 71(5, part 2): 4 (Abstr.). evolution

Alroy, J. 1994. Four permutation tests for the presence of phylogenetic structure. Systematic Biology 43: 430-437.

Alroy, J. 1995. Continuous track analysis: A new phylogenetic and biogeographic method. Systematic Biology 44: 152-178.

Altaba, C. R. 1991. The importance of ecological and historical factors in the production of benzaldehyde by Tiger Beetles. Systematic Zoology 40: 101-105.

Amann, R.I., W. Ludwig, and K-H Schleifer. 1995. Phylogenetic identification and in situ detection of individual microbial cells without cultivation. Microbiol. Rev. 59:143-169.

Ammerman, L. K. and D. M. Hillis. 1992. A molecular test of Bat relationships: Monophyly or diphyly? Systematic Biology 41: 222-232.

Anderberg, A. 1986. The genus Pegolettia (Compositae, Inuleae). Cladistics 2: 158-186.

Anderberg, A. and A. Tehler. 1990. Consensus trees, a necessity in taxonomic practice. Cladistics 6: 399-402.

Andersen, N. M. 1979. Phylogenetic inference as applied to the study of evolutionary diversification of semiaquatic bugs (Hemiptera: Gerromorpha). Systematic Zoology 28: 554-578.

Andersen, N. M. 1982. The Semi-aquatic bugs (Hemiptera, Gerromorpha): Phylogeny, adaptations, biogeography, and classification. Entomograph 3: 1-455. Scandinavian Science Press, Klampenborg, Denmark.

Anderson, L. E. 1984. Chromosome studies of bryophytes: an assessment. J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 55: 187-197.

Anderson, L. I. and P. A. Selden. 1997. Opisthosomal fusion and phylogeny of Palaeozoic Xiphosura. Lethaia, 30:19-31.

Anonymous, 1973. Discussion of symposium papers on contemporary systematic philosophies. Systematic Zoology 22: 393-400.

Anonymous, 1974. Trends, priorities, and needs in systematic and evolutionary biology. Systematic Zoology 23: 416-439.

Appel, T. 1980. Henri de Blainville and the animal series: a nineteenth century chain of being. Journal of the History of Biology, 13:291-319.

Archibald, J. D. 1994. Metataxon concepts and assessing possible ancestry using phylogenetic systematics. Systematic Biology 43: 27-40.

Archie, J. W. 1989. A randomization test for phylogenetic information in systematic data. Systematic Zoology 38: 239-252.

Archie, J. W. 1989. A randomization test for phylogenetic information in systematic data. Systematic Zoology 38: 219-252.

Archie, J. W. 1989. Homoplasy excess ratios: New indices for measuring levels of homoplasy in phylogenetic systematics and a critique of the consistency index. Systematic Zoology 38: 253-269.

Archie, J. W. 1990. Homoplasy excess statistics and retention indices: A reply to Farris. Systematic Zoology 39: 169-174.

Archie, J. W. 1985. Methods for coding variable morphological features for numerical taxonomic analysis. Systematic Zoology, 34, 326-345.

Archie, J. W. 1989a. A randomization test for phylogenetic information in systematic data. Syst. Zool. 38: 239-252. cladistics

Archie, J. W. 1989b. Homoplasy excess ratios: new indices for measuring levels of homoplasy in phylogenetic systematics and a critique of the consistency index. Systematic Zoology, 38, 253-269.

Archie, J. W. 1989c. User's guide for the Randomiz and SumPAUP programs. Computer program distributed by the author at Claifornia State University, Long Beach, CA.

Armbruster, W. S. 1992. Phylogeny and the evolution of plant-animal interactions. BioScience 42: 12-20.

Armstrong, D. M. 1977. Dispersal vs. dispersion: Process vs. pattern. Systematic Zoology 26: 210-211.

Arnold, M. L. 1994. Natural hybridization and Louisiana irises. BioScience 44: 141-147.

Arthur, W. 1984. Mechanisms of Morphological Evolution. Wiley, New York.

ArÚvalo, E., S. K. Davis, and J. W. Sites, Jr. 1994. Mitochondrial DNA sequence divergence and phylogenetic relationships among eight chromosome races of the Sceloporus grammicus complex (Phrynosomatidae) in Central Mexico. Systematic Biology 43: 387-418.

Ashlock, P. D. 1971. Monophyly and associated terms. Systematic Zoology 20: 63-69.

Ashlock, P. D. 1972. Monophyly again. Systematic Zoology 21: 430-438.

Ashlock, P. D. 1974. The uses of cladistics. Annual Review of Ecological Systematics 5: 81-99.

Ashlock, P. D. 1979. An evolutionary systematist's view of classification. Systematic Zoology 28: 441-450.

Astolfi, P. and L. Zonta-Sparamella. 1984. Phylogenetic trees: An analysis of the treeness test. Systematic Zoology 33: 159-166.

Astolfi, P., A. Piazzi, and K. K. Kidd. 1978. Testing evolutionary independence in simulated phylogenetic trees. Systematic Zoology 27: 391-400.

Astolfi, P., K. K. Kidd, and L. L. Cavalli-Sforza. 1981. A comparison of methods for reconstructing evolutionary trees. Systematic Zoology 30: 156-169.

Atchley, W. R. 1978. Ratios, regression intercepts, and the scaling of data. Systematic Zoology 27: 78-83.

Atchley, W. R. and D. Anderson. 1978. Ratios and the statistical analysis of biological data. Systematic Zoology 27: 71-78.

Atchley, W. R., C. T. Gaskins, and D. Anderson. 1976. Statistical properties of ratios. I. Empirical results. Systematic Zoology 25: 137-148.

Atchley, W. R., D. E. Cowley, C. Vogl, and T. McLellan. 1992. Evolutionary divergence, shape change, and genetic correlation structure in the rodent mandible. Systematic Biology 41: 196-221.

Atchley, W. R., E. V. Nordheim, F. C. Gunsett, and P. L. Crump. 1982. Geometric and probabilistic aspects of statistical distance functions. Systematic Zoology 31: 445-460.

Atran, Scott. 1990. Cognitive Foundations of Natural History: Toward an Anthropology of Science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Ausich, W. I. 1998. Early phylogeny and subclass division of the Crinoidea (Phylum Echinodermata). Journal of Paleontology, 72(3):499-510.

Avise, J. C. 1974. Systematic value of electrophoretic data. Systematic Zoology 23: 465-481.

Avise, J. C. 1994. Molecular Markers, Natural History and Evolution. Chapman & Hall, N.Y.

Avise, J. C. and R. M. Ball. 1990. Principles of genealogical concordance in species concepts and biological taxonomy. Oxford Surveys in Evolutionary Biology 7: 45-67.

Ax, P. 1985. Stem species and the stem lineage concept. Cladistics 1: 279-287.

Ax, P. 1987. The Phylogenetic System. The Systematization of Organisms on the Basis of their Phylogenesis. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, New York.

Ax, P. 1987. The Phylogenetic System, J. Wiley & Sons, New York.

Ax, Peter. 1987. The Phylogenetic System. The systematization of organisms on the basis of their phylogenesis. J. Wiley, 340 p.

Axelius, B. 1991. Areas of distribution and areas of endemism. Cladistics 7: 197-199.

Axelius, B. 1991. Areas of distribution and areas of endemism. Cladistics 7: 197-199.

Ayala, F. J., A. Rzhetsky, and F. J. Ayala. 1998. Origin of the metazoan phyla: molecular clocks confirm paleontological estimates. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, U.S.A., 95:606-611.

Ayala, F. J., A. Rzhetsky, and F. J. Ayala. 1998. Origin of the metazoan phyla: molecular clocks confirm paleontological estimates. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, U.S.A., 95:606-611.

Ayala, F.J. 1995. The myth of eve: molecular biology and human origins. Science 270:1930-1936.

Backeljau, T., B. Winnepenninckx, and L. De Bruyn. 1993. Cladistic analysis of Metazoan relationships: A reappraisal. Cladistics 9: 167-181.

Bacon, J. D. 1978. Taxonomy of Nerisyrenia (Cruciferae). Rhodora 80: 159-227.

Baird, R. C. and M. J. Eckardt. 1972. Divergence and relationship in deep-sea Hatchetfishes (Sternoptychidae). Systematic Zoology 21: 80-90.

Baker, R. H., X. Yu, and R. DeSalle. 1998. Assessing the relative contribution of molecular and morphological characters in simultaneous analysis trees. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 9(3):3427-436.

Baker, R. J. and J. W. Bickham. 1980. Karyotypic evolution in bats: Evidence of extensive and conservative chromosomal evolution in closely related taxa. Systematic Zoology 29: 239-253.

Baker, R. J., C. S. Hood, and R. L. Honeycutt. 1989. Phylogenetic relationships and classification of the higher categories of the New World Bat family Phyllostomidae. Systematic Zoology 38: 228-238.

Baker, R. J., M. J. Novacek, and N. B. Simmons. 1991. On the monophyly of Bats. Systematic Zoology 40: 216-231.

Ball, I. R. 1975. Nature and formulation of biogeographic hypotheses. Systematic Zoology 24: 407-430.

Ball, I. R. 1983. On groups, existence and the ordering of nature. Systematic Zoology 32: 446-451.

Ballard, J. W. O., M. K. Thayer, A. F. Newton, and E. R. Grismer. 1998. Data sets, partitions, and characters: philosophies and procedures for analyzing multiple data sets. Systematic Biology, 47(3):367-396.

Bandelt, H-J., and A.W.M. Dress. 1992. Split Decomposition: a new and useful approach to phylogenetic analysis of distance data. Mol. Phylog. Evol. 1 (3):242-252.

Bandoni, S. M. and D. R. Brooks. 1987. Revision and phylogenetic analysis of the Amphilinidae Poche, 1922 (Platyhelminthes: Cercomeria: Cercomeromorpha). Canadian Journal of Zoology 65: 1110-1128.

Banks, H. 1970. Evolution and Plants in the Past. Belmont, California.

Barker, D. 1996. Ode to joy: a reply to the replies of Snow and Hedberg. Taxon 45: 669–670.

Barns, S.M., C.F. Delwiche, J.D. Palmer, and N.R. Pace. 1996. Perspectives on archaeal diversity, thermophily and monophyly from environmental rRNA sequences. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93:9188-9193.

Barns, S.M., R.E. Fundyga, M.W. Jeffries, and N.R. Pace. 1994. Remarkable archaeal diversity detected in a yellowstone national park hot spring environment. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:1609-1613.

Baroni-Urbani, C. 1977. Hologenesis, phylogenetic systematics, and evolution. Systematic Zoology 26: 343-346.

Barrett, M., M. J. Donoghue, and E. Sober. 1991. Against consensus. Systematic Zoology 40: 486-493.

Barrett, M., M. J. Donoghue, and E. Sober. 1993. Crusade? A reply to Nelson. Systematic Biology 42: 216-217.

Barriel, V. and P. Tassy. 1993. Characters, observations and steps: Comment on Lipscomb's "Parsimony, homology and the analysis of multistate characters." Cladistics 9: 223-232.

Barsanti, Giulio. 1984. Linne et Buffon: deux visions differentes de l'histoire naturelle. Revue de Synthese, 113-114:83-107.

Barsanti, Giulio. 1988. Le immagini della natura: scale, mappe, alberi 1700-1800. Nuncius, 3:55-125.

Barsanti, Giulio. 1992. Buffon et l'image de la nature: de l'echelle des etres a la carte geographique et l'arbre genealogique. Pp. ?? in: Buffon 88 (J. Gayon, ed.). Paris: VRIN, Libraire Philosophique.

Barsanti, Giulio. 1992. La scala, la mappa, l'albero: immagini e classificazioni della natura fra sei e ottocento. Florence: Sansoni.

Barthlott, W. and D. Frolich. 1983. Mikromorphologie und orientierungsmuster epicuticularer wachs-kristalloide: ein neues systematisches merkmal bei monokotylen. Plant Systematics and Evolution 142: 171-185.

Bateman, R. M. 1994. Evolutionary-developmental change in the architecture of fossil rhizomorphic lycopsids: Scenarios constructed on cladistic foundations. Biological Reviews 69(4): 71.

Bateman, R. M. and W. A. Dimichele. 1994. Saltational evolution of form in vascular plants: A Neo Goldschmidian Syntheis. In: D. S. Ingram, A. Hudson [eds.]. Shape and form in plants and fungi, 63-102. Anderson Press, London.

Bateman, R. M., I. Goddard, R. O'Grady, V. A. Funk, R. Mooi, W. J. Kress, and P. Cannell. 1990. Speaking of Forked Tongues. Current Anthropology 31: 1-24.

Bateman, R. M., W. A. Dimichele, and D. A. Willard. 1992. Experimental cladistic analysis of anatomically preserved arborescent lycopsids from the Carboniferous of Euramerica: An essay in paleobotanical phylogenetics. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 79: 500-559.

Baum, B. R. 1975. Cladistic analysis of the diploid and hexaploid oats (Avena L., Poaceae) using numerical techniques. Canadian Journal of Botany 53: 2115-2127.

Baum, B. R. 1977. Assessment of cladograms obtained for fourteen species of Avena by two methods of numerical analysis. Systematic Botany 2: 141-150.

Baum, B. R. 1977. Oats: Wild and cultivated: A monograph of the genus Avena L. (Poaceae). Monograph no. 14, Biosystematics Resaerch Institute, Canada Department of Agriculture, Ottawa, Ontario.

Baum, B. R. 1989. PHYLIP: Phylogeny Inference Package. Version 3.2. (Software review). Quarterly Review of Biology 64: 539-541.

Baum, B. R. and G. F. Estabrook. 1978. Application of compatability analysis in numerical cladistics at the infraspecific level. Canadian Journal of Botany 56: 1130-1135.

Baum, B. R. and L. P. Lefkovitch. 1973. A numerical taxonomic study of phylogenetic and phenetic relationships in some cultivated oats, using known pedigrees. Systematic Zoology 22: 118-131.

Baum, D. A. & A. Larson. 1991. Adaptation reviewed: a phylogenetic methodology for studying character macroevolution. Systematic Zoology, 40: 1-18.

Baum, D. A. & M. J. Donoghue. 1995. Choosing among alternative "phylogenetic" species concepts. Syst. Bot. 20: 560-573.

Baum, D. A. and A. Larson. 1991. Adaptation reviewed: A phylogenetic methodology for studying character macroevolution. Systematic Zoology 40: 1-18.

Baum, D. A. and A. Larson. 1991. Adaptation reviewed: A phylogenetic methodology for studying character macroevolution. Syst. Zool., 40:1-18.

Baum, D. A. and K. L. Shaw. 1994. The genealogical species. In: P. Hoch and B. Schaal [eds.], ???Title??? Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, Missouri.

Baum, D. A., and A. Larson. 1991. Adaptation reviewed: a phylogenetic methodology for studying character macroevolution. Systematic Zoology, 40:1-18.

Baum, D. A., K. J. Sytsma & P. C. Hock. 1994. A phylogenetic analysis of Epilogium (Onagraceae) based on nuclear robosomal DNA sequences. Syst. Bot. 19: 363-388.

Baum, D. A., R. L. Small & J. F. Wendel. 1998. Biogeography and floral evolution of Baobabs (Adansonia, Bombacaceae) as inferred from multiple data sets. Syst. Biol. 47: 181-207.

Baum, D. A., R. L. Small, and J. F. Wendel. 1998. Biogeography and floral evolution of baobobs (Adansonia, Bombacaceae) as inferred from multiple data sets. Systematic Biology, 47(2):181-207.

Baverstock, P. R., S. R. Cole, B. J. Richardson, and C. H. S. Watts. 1979. Electrophoresis and cladistics. Systematic Zoology 28: 214-219.

Beanland, T.J., and C.J. Howe. 1992. The inference of evolutionary trees from molecular data. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 102B(4):643-659.

Beatty, J. 1982. Classes and cladists. Systematic Zoology 31: 25-34.

Begle, D. P. 1991. Relationships of the Osmeroid Fishes and the use of reductive characters in phylogenetic analysis. Systematic Zoology 40: 33-53.

Bell, M. A. 1979. Persistence of ancestral sister species. Systematic Zoology 28: 85-88.

Bennett, D. K. 1980. Stripes do not a zebra make, part I: A cladistic analysis of Equus. Systematic Zoology 29: 272-287.

Benson, L. 1962. Plant Taxonomy. New York.

Benton, M. J. 1995. Testing the time axis of phylogenies. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B, 349:5-10.

Benton, M. J. 1995. Testing the time axis of phylogenies. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B, 349:5-10.

Benton, M. J. 1998. Molecular and morphological phylogenies of mammals: congruence with stratigraphic data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 9(3):398-407.

Benton, M. J. 1998. Molecular and morphological phylogenies of mammals: congruence with stratigraphic data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 9(3):398-407.

Berlocher, S. H. and G. L. Bush. 1982. An electrophoretic analysis of Rhagoletis (Diptera: Tephritidae) phylogeny. Systematic Zoology 31: 136-155.

Bernardo, J. M. & A. F. M. Smith. 1994. Bayesian Theory. John Wiley & Sons, New York.

Bernier, R. 1975. Aux sources de la biologie. Tome premier. Les vingt premiers siecles. La classification. Montreal: Le presses de l'Universite du Quebec.

Bernier, R. 1984. Systeme et methode en taxonomie: Adanson, A.-L. de Jussieu et A.-P. de Candolle. Naturaliste Canad., 111:3-12.

Bernier, R. 1984. The species as an individual: Facing essentialism. Systematic Zoology 33: 460-469.

Beyer, W. A., M. L. Stein, T. F. Smith, and S. M. Ulman. 1974. A molecular sequence metric and evolutionary trees. Mathematical Biosciences 19: 9-25.

Bickham, J. W. and R. J. Baker. 1980. Reassessment of the nature of chromosomal evolution in Mus musculus. Systematic Zoology 29: 159-162.

Bierner, M. W., W. M. Dennis and B. E. Wofford. 1977. Flavinoid chemistry, chromosome number and phylogenetic relationships of Helenium chihuahuensis. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 5: 23-28.

Birney, E. C., and J. L. Choat, eds. 1994. Seventy-five years of mammalogy (1919-1994). American Society of Mammalogists Special Publication, 11. [Includes a chapter on the history of mammal systematics, fide Santiago Reig.]

Bishop, M. J. 1982. Criteria for the determination of the direction of character state changes. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 74: 197-206.

Bishop, M. J. and A. E. Friday. 1985. Evolutionary trees from nucleic acid and protein sequences. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. B. 226: 271-302.

Blackmore, S. 1986. Cellular ontogeny. Cladistics 2: 358-362.

Blackmore, S. and S. Barnes. 1987. Embryophyte spore walls: Origin, development, and homologies. Cladistics 3: 185-195.

Blackmore, S., C. A. McConchie, and R. B. Knox. 1987. Phylogenetic analysis of the male ontogenetic program in aquatic and terrestrial Monocotyledons. Cladistics 3: 333-347.

Blackstone, N. W. 1987. Allometry and relative growth: Pattern and process in evolutionary studies. Systematic Zoology 36: 76-78.

Blackwelder, R. E. 1977. Twenty-five years of taxonomy. Systematic Zoology 26: 107-137.

Blake, J. A., C. J. Bult, M. J. Donoghue, J. Humphries, and C. Fields. 1994. Interoperability of biological data bases: A meeting report. Systematic Biology 43: 585-589.

Blasdell, R. 1962. A monographic study of the fern Cystopteris. Memoires of the Torrey Botanical Club 21: 1-102.

Bledsoe, A. H. and F. H. Sheldon. 1989. The metric properties of DNA- DNA hybridization dissimilarity measures. Systematic Zoology 38: 93-105.

Bock, W. J. 1968. Phylogenetic systematics, cladistics and evolution. Evolution 22: 646-648.

Bock, W. J. 1969. Nonvalidity of the "Phylogenetic Fallacy." Systematic Zoology 18: 111-115.

Bock, W. J. 1973. Philosophical foundations of classical evolutionary classification. Systematic Zoology 22: 375-392.

Bock, W. J. 1974. Philosophical foundations of evolutionary classification. Systematic Zoology 22: 375-392.

Bock, W. J. 1978. Comments on classifications as historical narratives. Systematic Zoology 27: 362-364.

Bock, W. J. 1989. The homology concept: its philosophical and practical methodology. Zoologische Beitrage, NF?? 32: 327-353.

Bocquet-Appel, J. P. and J. N. Bacro. 1994. Generalized wombling. Systematic Biology 43: 442-448.

Bohs, L. & R. G. Olmstead. 1997. Phylogenetic relationships in Solanum (Solanaceae) based on ndhF sequences. Syst. Bot. 22: 5–12.

Bolick, M. R. 1981. A cladistic analysis of Salmea DC. (Compositae-Heliantheae). In: V. A. Funk and D. R. Brooks [eds.], Advances in cladistics: Proceedings of the first meeting of the Willi Hennig Society, 115-125. The New York Botanical Garden.

Bonde, N. 1977. Cladistic classification as applied to vertebrates. In: M. K. Hecht, P. C. Goody, and B. M. Hecht [eds.], Major Patterns in Vertebrate Evolution, 741-804. Plenum Press, New York.

Bookstein, F. L. 1983. Comments on a "Nonequilibrium" approach to evolution. Systematic Zoology 32: 291-300.

Bookstein, F. L., R. E. Strauss, J. M. Humphries, B. Chernoff, R. L. Elder, and G. R. Smith. 1982. A comment upon the uses of Fourier methods in systematics. Systematic Zoology 31: 85-92.

Bottjer, P. D. 1980. Farris' "Information Content" and phylogenetic versus evolutionary classification: The philosophical differences remain. Systematic Zoology 29: 382-386.

Boucout, A. J. 1978. Community Evolution and Rates of Cladogensis. In: M. K. Hecht, W. C. Steera, and B. Wallace [eds.], Evolutionary Biology 11: 545-655. Plenum Press, New York.

Boucout, A. J. 1982. Paleobiologic Evidence of Behavioral Evolution and Co-Evolution. Corvallis, Oregon: by the author.

Boucout, A. J. 1983. Does evolution take place in an ecogeological vacuum? Journal of Paleontology 37: 1-30.

Boufford, D. E., J. V. Crisci, H. Tobe, and P. C. Hoch. 1990. A cladistic analysis of Circaea (Onagraceae). Cladistics 6: 171-182.

Boughton, D. A., B. B. Collette, and A. R. McCune. 1991. Heterochrony in jaw morphology of Needlefishes (Teleostei: Belonidae). Systematic Zoology 40: 329-354.

Boulter, D. 1973. Amino acid sequences of cytochrome c and plastocyanins in phylogenetic studies of higher plants. Systematic Zoology 22: 549-553.

Boulter, D. 1973. Comparative sequencing of amino acid as a taxonomic tool. In: L. Reinhold and Y. Liwschitz [eds.], Progress in Phytochemistry Vol. 3, 199-229. New York.

Bousquet. J., S. H. Strauss, A. D. Doerksen, and R. A. Price. 1992. Extensive ariation in evolutionary rate of rbcL gene sequences among seed plants. Proceedings of National Academy USA 89: 7844-7848.

Bower, B. 1997. Null science: psychology's statistical status quo draws fire. Science News 151: 356-357.

Brady, R. H. 1979. Natural selection and the criteria by which a theory is judged. Systematic Zoology 28: 600-621.

Brady, R. H. 1982. Theoretical issues and "pattern cladists." Systematic Zoology 31: 286-291.

Brady, R. H. 1985. On the independence of systematics. Cladistics 1: 113-126.

Braithwaite, R. B. 1953. Scientific Explanation: a Study of the Function of Theory, Probability and Law in Science. Harper & Row, N.Y.

Bralley, P. 1996. An introduction to molecular linguistics. BioScience 46: 146-153.

Braun, M. J. 1991. Review of: Molecular systematics. Systematic Zoology 40: 111-114.

Bremer, B. 1987. The sister group of the paleotropical tribe Argostemmateae: A redefined neotropical tribe Hamelieae (Rubiaceae, Rubioideae). Cladistics 3: 35-51.

Bremer, B. 1981. A taxonomic revision of Schistidium (Grimmiaceae, Bryophyta). 3. Lindbergia 7: 73-90.

Bremer, B. and K. Bremer. 1989. Cladistic analysis of blue-green prokaryote interrelationships and chloroplast origin based on 16s rRNA oligonucleotide catalogues. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 2: 13-30.

Bremer, K. 1976. The genus Relhania (Compositae). Opera Botanica 40: 1-86.

Bremer, K. 1978. The genus Leysera (Compositae). Botaniska Notiser 131: 369-383.

Bremer, K. 1985. Summary of green plant phylogeny and classification. Cladistics 1: 369-385.

Bremer, K. 1987. Tribal interrelationships of the Asteraceae. Cladistics 3: 210-253.

Bremer, K. 1988. The limits of amino acid sequence data in angiosperm phylogenetic reconstruction. Evolution 42: 795-803.

Bremer, K. 1990. Combinable component consensus. Cladistics 6: 369-372.

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