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THE VASCULAR FLORA OF THE VICINITY OF THE FALLS OF NIAGARA
by Patricia M. Eckel

CATALOGUE OF THE SPECIES

Abies BALSAM FIR

Abutilon VELVET LEAF, CHINGMA ABUTILON, INDIAN MALLOW

Acalypha THREE-SEEDED MERCURY

Acanthopanax ACANTHOPANAX

Acer AMUR MAPLE, ASH-LEAVED MAPLE, BOX ELDER, MANITOBA MAPLE, BLACK MAPLE, NORWAY MAPLE, SYCAMORE MAPLE, SWAMP or RED MAPLE, SILVER MAPLE, SUGAR MAPLE, MOUNTAIN MAPLE

Achillea YARROW

Acorus CALAMUS. SWEET FLAG

Actaea WHITE BANEBERRY, WHITE COHOSH, RED BANEBERRY, HERB CHRISTOPHER, RED COHOSH

Adiantum MAIDENHAIR FERN

Aesculus. HORSE-CHESTNUT

Agastache GIANT YELLOW HYSSOP, PURPLE GIANT HYSSOP

Agrimonia TALL HAIRY AGRIMONY, SMALL-FLOWERD AGRIMONY

Agropyron AWNED WHEAT-GRASS, COUCH-GRASS, QUACK, COUCH, QUITCH or QUICK GRASS, ROUGH-STEMMED WHEATGRASS,ROUGH-STEMMED WHEAT-GRASS

Agrostemma COMMON CORNCOCKLE

Agrostis WINTER BENTGRASS, UPLAND BENT, AUTUMN BENTGRASS, THIN GRASS, CREEPING BENT, REDTOP,WHITE BENT GRASS, RHODE ISLAND BENT, COLONIAL BENTGRASS, REDTOP, FIORIN-GRASS

Ailanthus TREE OF HEAVEN

Alisma WATER PLANTAIN

Alliaria GARLIC MUSTARD

Allium CANADA GARLIC, ONION, RAMP, WILD LEEK, FIELD GARLIC

Alnus BLACK ALDER, SPECKLED ALDER

Alopecurus SHORTAWN FOXTAIL, MEADOW FOX TAIL

Althaea HOLLYHOCK

Alyssum YELLOW ALYSSUM

Amaranthus TUMBLEWEED, WHITE AMARANTH, TUMBLEWEED AMARANTH, PURPLISH AMARANTH, PIGWEED, REDROOT AMARANTH

Ambrosia COMMON RAGWEED, GIANT RAGWEED

Amelanchier TREE SHADBUSH, CANADIAN SHADBUSH, SMOOTH SHADBUSH ROUND-LEAVED JUNE-BERRY

Amphicarpa HOG PEANUT

Anacharis WATER WEED, WATER SNAKE WEED

Anagallis SCARLET PIMPERNEL

Anaphalis COMMON PEARLY EVERLASTING

Andromeda ANDROMEDA, BOG ROSEMARY

Andropogon BIG BLUESTEM, FORKED BEARD GRASS, BROOM BEARD GRASS

Anemone CANADA ANEMONE, MEADOW ANEMONE, WIND FLOWER, LONG-FRUITED ANEMONE, CANDLE, WIND FLOWER, WOOD ANEMONE, WIND FLOWER, THIMBLE-WEED, TALL ANEMONE

Anemonella RUE ANEMONE

Angelica PURPLE-STEMMED ANGELICA, HAIRY ANGELICA

Antennaria SMALLER PUSSYTOES, PLANTAINLEAF PUSSYTOES, EVERLASTING, PLANTAIN-LEAVED EVERLASTING

Anthemis CORN CAMOMILE, CAMOMILE, MAYWEED, STINKING MAYWEED

Anthoxanthum SWEET VERNALGRASS

Apios GROUNDNUT, AMERICAN POTATO-BEAN, HOG PEANUT

Aplectrum PUTTY-ROOT. ADAM-AND-EVE

Apocynum SPREADING DOGBANE, INDIAN HEMP

Aquilegia WILD COLUMBINE, GARDEN COLUMBINE

Arabis SICKLE-POD, ALPINE or WALL ROCK-CRESS, PURPLE ROCK-CRESS, DRUMMOND'S ROCK, TOWER CRESS, HAIRY ROCK CRESS, HOLBOELL ROCKCRESS, SMOOTH ROCK CRESS, LYRE-LEAVED ROCK CRESS

Aralia WILD SARSAPARILLA, SPIKENARD, DEVIL'S WALKINGSTICK, HERCULE'S CLUB

Arctium GREAT BURDOCK, SMALLER BURDOCK

Arctostaphylos BEARBERRY

Arenaria SIDE-FLOWERING or BLUNT-LEAFED SANDWORT, THYME-LEAVED SANDWORT

Arisaema GREEN DRAGON, JACK-IN-THE-PULPIT

Armoracia LAKE CRESS, HORSE-RADISH

Aronia RED CHOKEBERRY

Arrhenatherum TALL OAT-GRASS

Artemisia COMMON WORMWOOD, SWEET WORMWOOD, BIENNIAL WORMWOOD, TALL WORMWOOD, CUDWEED SAGEBRUSH, WESTERN MUGWORT, COMMON MUGWORT

Asarum WILD GINGER

Asclepias POKE MILKWEED, SWAMP MILKWEED, FOUR-LEAVED MILKWEED, COMMON MILKWEED, BUTTERFLYWEED ,WHORLED MILKWEED, GREEN MILKWEED

Asimina PAWPAW

Asparagus GARDEN ASPARAGUS

Asplenium EBONY SPLEENWORT, MAIDENHAIR SPLEENWORT

Aster SKY-BLUE ASTER or STARWORT, RAYLESS ASTER, HEART-LEAVED ASTER, STARWORT, WHITE WOOD ASTER, STARWORT, WHITE HEATH ASTER, STARWORT, SMOOTH ASTER, STARVED ASTER, CALICO ASTER, STARWORT,LARGE-LEAVED ASTER, NEW ENGLAND ASTER, STARWORT,LATE PURPLE ASTER. THIN-LEAVED PURPLE ASTER, HAIRY ASTER, CROOKED-STEM ASTER, UPLAND WHITE ASTER, PURPLE-STEMMED ASTER, ARROW-LEAVED ASTER, TALL WHITE ASTER, TRADESCANT'S ASTER, FLATTOP ASTER, WAVEY-LEAVED ASTER

Astragalus CANADIAN MILK-VETCH, COOPER'S MILK-VETCH

Athyrium LADY FERN, NARROW-LEAVED SPLEENWORT, SILVERY SPLEENWORT

Atriplex SPREADING ORACHE, FAT-HEN SALTBUSH, SPEARSCALE, HALBERD-LEAVED ORACHE, SPEARLEAF FAT-HEN SALTBUSH

Aureolaria SMOOTH FALSE FOXGLOVE, LOUSEWORT FALSE FOXGLOVE, ATLANTIC OAKLEECH, FERN-LEAVED FALSE FOXGLOVE), DOWNY FALSE FOXGLOVE, VIRGINIA OAKLEECH

Avena WILD OATS, COMMON OAT

Azolla CAROLINA AZOLLA

Barbarea EARLY WINTER CRESS, WINTER CRESS

Bellis ENGLISH DAISY

Berberis JAPANESE BARBERRY, EUROPEAN BARBERRY, BARBERRY

Betula WHITE BIRCH, BLACK BIRCH, YELLOW BIRCH, PAPER BIRCH, CANOE or WHITE BIRCH

Bidens BECK'S BEGGARTICKS, WATER MARIGOLD, NODDING STICKTIGHT, BUR MARIGOLD, TICKSEED, COMMON BEGGAR-TICKS, COCKLE, LARGER BUR MARIGOLD, SWAMP BEGGAR-TICKS, LEAFYBRACTED, PURPLESTEM BEGGARTICKS, TALL BEGGAR-TICKS

Boehmeria FALSE NETTLE

Botrychium DISSECTED GRAPE FERN, AUTUMN GRAPE FERN, LANCE-LEAVED GRAPE FERN, MOONWORT, MATRICARY GRAPE FERN, MOONWORT, RATTLESNAKE FERN

Brachyelytrum BEARDED SHORT-HUSK

Brassica INDIAN MUSTARD, CHARLOCK, BLACK MUSTARD, TURNIP

Bromus FRINGED BROME-GRASS, HAIRY CHESS, HUNGARIAN BROME GRASS, JAPANESE BROME-GRASS, KALM BROME, TALL WOOD CHESS, SOFT CHESS, HAIRY WOOD CHESS, SMOOTH BROME-GRASS, BALD BROME, CHEAT, CHESS, CHEATGRASS BROME, DOWNY BROME-GRASS

Butomus FLOWERING RUSH

Cakile AMERICAN SEA ROCKET

Calamagrostis BLUEJOINT GRASS

Calla WILD CALLA

Callitriche WATER STARWORT

Calopogon GRASSPINK ORCHID

Caltha COWSLIPS, MARSH MARIGOLD.

Camelina SMALL-FRUITED FALSE FLAX, FALSE FLAX

Campanula TALL BELLFLOWER, MARSH or BEDSTRAW BELLFLOWER, BELLWORT, CREEPING BELLFLOWER, HAREBELL

Camptosorus WALKING LEAF or FERN

Cannabis COMMON HEMP

Capsella SHEPHERD'S PURSE

Cardamine BULBOUS SPRING CRESS, PURPLE SPRING CRESS, DOUGLAS, BITTERCRESS, CUCKOO-FLOWER, PENNSYLVANIA BITTER-CRESS

Cardaria HOARY CRESS

Carex SEDGE

Carpinus AMERICAN HORNBEAM, BLUE BEECH, MUSCLEWOOD

Carum CARAWAY

Carya BITTERNUT HICKORY, PIGNUT HICKORY, BIG SHELL-BARK, RED HICKORY, SWEET PIGNUT, SHAGBARK HICKORY, MOCKERNUT or SHELL-BARK HICKORY

Cassia WILD SENNA

Castanea AMERICAN or SWEET CHESTNUT, EURASIAN CHESTNUT

Castilleia PAINTED CUP

Catalpa INDIAN BEAN, CATALPA TREE

Caulophyllum BLUE COHOSH

Ceanothus NEW JERSEY TEA, RED-ROOT

Celastrus ORIENTAL BITTERSWEET, CLIMBING BITTERSWEET, WAXWORK

Celtis COMMON HACKBERRY, NETTLE TREE, SUGAR BERRY.

Cenchrus SANDBUR

Centaurea BATCHELOR'S BUTTON, CORNFLOWER, BLACK KNAPWEED, BROWN KNAPWEED, SPOTTED CENTAUREA

Centaurium EUROPEAN CENTAURY

Cephalanthus BUTTONBUSH

Cerastium FIELD CHICKWEED, NODDING CHICKWEED, SMALL or SPRING MOUSE-EAR CHICKWEED, CLAMMY MOUSE-EAR CHICKWEED, COMMON MOUSE-EAR CHICKWEED

Ceratophyllum HORNWORT

Cercis REDBUD, JUDAS-TREE

Chaenorrhinum DWARF SNAPDRAGON, TOAD-FLAX

Chamaedaphne LEATHERLEAF

ChamaeliriumFAIRYWAND, DEVIL'S BIT

Chara

Chelidonium CELANDINE

Chelone TURTLE HEAD

Chenopodium LAMB'S QUARTERS, PIGWEED, WORMSEED GOOSEFOOT, GOOD KING HENRY GOOSEFOOT, JERUSALEM OAK, BLITE GOOSEFOOT, OAK-LEAVED GOOSEFOOT, MAPLE-LEAVED GOOSEFOOT, NETTLE-LEAVED GOOSEFOOT, SOWBANE, CITY GOOSEFOOT

Chimaphila PED PIPSISSEWA, PIPSISSEWA, PRINCE'S PINE

Chrysanthemum OX-EYE DAISY, FEVERFEW

Chrysosplenium GOLDEN SAXIFRAGE

Cichorium CHICORY, COFFEE-WEED

Cicuta WATER HEMLOCK, WATER HEMLOCK, BEAVER POISON, SPOTTED COW BANE

Cimicifuga BLACK SNAKE ROOT, COHOSH BUGBANE

Cinna WOOD REED GRASS, DROOPING WOODREED

Circaea SMALLER ENCHANTER'S NIGHTSHADE, ENCHANTER'S NIGHTSHADE

Cirsium TALL THISTLE, CANADA THISTLE, FIELD THISTLE, SWAMP THISTLE, PASTURE THISTLE, BULL THISTLE

Citrullus WATERMELON

Claytonia BROAD-LEAVED SPRING BEAUTY, NARROW-LEAVED SPRING BEAUTY

Clematis VIRGIN'S BOWER

Clintonia YELLOW BEADLILY

Collinsia BLUE-EYED MARY 

Collinsonia CITRONELLA HORSEBALM

Colutea BLADDER SENNA

Comandra BASTARD TOAD FLAX, COMANDRA

Conioselinum APPALACHIAN HEMLOCK PARSLEY

Conium POISON HEMLOCK

Conopholis CANCER ROOT, SQUAW ROOT

Convallaria LILY-OF-THE-VALLEY

Convolvulus FIELD BINDWEED, HEDGE BINDWEED, GLORYBIND, HEDGE BIND-WEED

Conyza HORSEWEED

Coptis GOLDTHREAD

Corallorrhiza LARGE OR SPOTTED CORAL ROOT, AUTUMN CORAL-ROOT, EARLY CORALROOT

Coreopsis LANCE-LEAVED TICKSEED, LANCE COREOPSIS, PLAINS COREOPSIS

Corispermum BUGSEED

Cornus ALTERNATE-LEAVED or PAGODA DOGWOOD, SILKY DOGWOOD, BUNCHBERRY DOGWOOD, DRUMMOND'S DOGWOOD, FLOWERING DOGWOOD, CORNELIAN CHERRY, PANICLED DOGWOOD, ROUND-LEAVED, BLOODTWIG DOGWOOD, RED OSIER DOGWOOD

Coronilla CROWN VETCH

Corylus AMERICAN HAZELNUT, FILBERT, EUROPEAN FILBERT, BEAKED HAZELNUT

Cotinus SMOKE TREE

Crataegus PEAR THORN, SCARLET THORN, KANSAS HAWTHORN, COCKSPUR HAWTHORN, BILTMORE THORN, THICKET HAWTHORN, DOWNY THORN, ENGLISH HAWTHORN, WAXY-FRUITED THORN, DOTTED HAWTHORN, LONG-SPINED THORN

Cryptogramma SLENDER CLIFF-BRAKE

Cryptotaenia HONEWORT.

Cubelium GREEN VIOLET

Cuscuta HAZEL DODDER, FLAX DODDER, COMMON DODDER, GRONOVIUS DODDER, POLYGONUM DODDER

Cycloloma WINGED PIGWEED

Cymbalaria KENILWORTH IVY

Cynanchum BLACK SWALLOWROOT"CLIMBING POISON

Cynoglossum NORTHERN WILD COMFREY, HOUND'S TONGUE

Cynosurus CRESTED DOGTAIL, DOG'S-TAIL GRASS

Cyperus CYPERUS, GALINGALE, LOW FLAGSEDGE, YELLOW NUT GRASS, CHUFA FLAGSEDGE, GALINGALE,SLENDER FLAGSEDGE, FRAGRANT CYPERUS, SHINING CYPERUS, BROOK FLAGSEDGE, SCHWEINITZ FLAGSEDGE, STRAW-COLORED SEDGE

Cypripedium YELLOW LADIES' SLIPPER, MOCCASIN FLOWER, SHOWY LADY-SLIPPER

Cystopteris BERRY or BULBLET BLADDER FERN, BRITTLE BLADDER FERN

Dactylis ORCHARD GRASS

Dalibarda DEWDROP

Danthonia POVERTY DANTHONIA, WILD OAT GRASS

Daphne MEZEREUM, ENGLISH DAPHNE

Datura JIMSONWEED, STRAMONIUM, THORNAPPLE

Daucus WILD CARROT

Decodon SWAMP LOOSESTRIFE, WATERWILLOW

Dennstaedtia HAYSCENTED FERN

Dentaria TWO-LEAVED TOOTHWORT, CRINKLE ROOT, CUT-LEAVED TOOTHWORT

Deschampsia TUFTED HAIR GRASS, COMMON HAIR GRASS

Desmodium TICK TREFOIL, HAIRY SMALL-FLOWERED TICK TREFOIL, POINTED-LEAVED TICK TREFOIL, DILLEN'S TICK TREFOIL, STICKY TICK TREFOIL, NAKED-FLOWERED TICK TREFOIL, TICK TREFOIL, FEW-FLOWERED TICK TREFOIL, TICK TREFOIL, ROUND-LEAVED OR PROSTRATE TICK TREFOIL

Deuzia DEUZIA

Dianthus DEPTFORD PINK

Dicentra SQUIRREL CORN, DUTCHMAN'S BREECHES, DEER FLY

Dichanthelium PANIC GRASS

Diervilla DWARF BUSH HONEYSUCKLE

Digitaria FINGER GRASS, SMALL CRAB-GRASS, CRAB-GRASS

Dioscorea WILD YAM

Diplotaxis SAND ROCKET, WALL ROCKET

Dipsacus COMMON TEASEL

Dirca LEATHERWOOD, MOOSEWOOD

Disporum YELLOW MANDARIN, HAIRY DISPORUM, HAIRY FAIRYBELLS

Dodecatheon AMERICAN COWSLIP, SHOOTING STAR

Draba WHITLOW GRASS.

Drosera SPATHULATE-LEAVED SUNDEW, ROUNDLEAF SUNDEW

Dryopteris SPINULOSE SHIELD FERN, COMMON WOODFERN, SPINULOSE SHIELD FERN, CLINTON'S FERN, CRESTED SHIELD FERN, MALE-FERN, GOLDIE'S FERN, MARGINAL SHIELD FERN, LEATHER WOOD FERN

Dulichium DULICHIUM

Echinochloa BARNYARD GRASS, SMALL-SPIKED BARNYARD GRASS, ROUGH BARNYARD GRASS

Echinocystis BALSAM APPLE, WILD CUCUMBER

Echium BLUEWEED

Eleocharis NEEDLE SPIKESEDGE, BALD SPIKE-RUSH, MATTED SPIKE-RUSH, OVATE SPIKE-RUSH, CREEPING SPIKE-RUSH, FEW-FLOWERED SPIKERUSH, SLENDER SPIKE-RUSH, SPIKE REED

Elymus STOUT NODDING WILD RYE, LYME GRASS, SLENDER WILD RYE, VIRGINIA WILD RYE, LYME GRASS

Epifagus VIRGINIA BEECHDROPS

Epilobium FIREWEED, GREAT WILLOW-HERB, NORTHERN WILLOW-HERB, PURPLE-LEAVED WILLOW-HERB, WILLOW HERB, WILLOW-HERB, HAIRY WILLOW-HERB, SWAMP WILLOWHERB, WILLOW HERB, SOFT WILLOW-HERB

Epipactis HELLEBORINE

Equisetum COMMON HORSETAIL, RIVER HORSETAIL, SCOURING RUSH, DUTCH RUSHES, SMOOTH SCOURING-RUSH, MARSH HORSETAIL, MEADOW HORSETAIL, LITTLE HORSETAIL, WOOD HORSETAIL, VARIEGATED SCOURING-RUSH

Eragrostis FRANKÌS LOVE-GRASS, LOW LOVE-GRASS, STINK-GRASS, STRONG-SCENTED LOVE- GRASS, PURPLE LOVE-GRASS, SMALL TUFTED LOVE-GRASS

Erechtites PILEWORT, AMERICAN BURNWEED, FIREWEED

Erigenia HARBINGER OF SPRING

Erigeron SLENDER WHITE-TOP, ANNUAL FLEABANE, PHILADELPHIA FLEABANE, ROBIN'S PLANTAIN, DAISY FLEABANE

Eriophorium VIRGINIA COTTON SEDGE

Erucastrum DOG MUSTARD

Erysimum TREACLE or WORM-SEED MUSTARD

Erythronium WHITE ADDER'S TONGUE, WHITE FAWNLILY, YELLOW ADDER'S TONGUE, COMMON FAWN LILY, YELLOW DOG'S TOOTH VIOLET, DOG'S TOOTH VIOLET

Euonymus STRAWBERRY BUSH, WAHOO, WAHOO, BURNING BUSH, SPINDLE-TREE, RUNNING STRAWBERRY BUSH

Eupatorium JOE-PYE-WEED, BONESET, BLUESTEMMED JOE-PYE WEED, PURPLE THOROUGH WORT, WHITE SNAKE ROOT

Euphorbia CYPRUS SPURGE, EYEBANE, SPURGE, SUN SPURGE, WARTWEED, SPOTTED SPURGE, PETTY SPURGE, BROAD-LEAVED SPURGE, SEASIDE SPURGE, UPRIGHT SPOTTED SPURGE, HAIRY SPRUGE

Exochorda PEARL BUSH

Fagopyrum BUCKWHEAT

Fagus BEECH

Festuca MEADOW FESCUE, GIANT FESCUE, NODDING FESCUE, SHEEP FESCUE, RED FESCUE

Filipendula QUEEN OF THE MEADOW, EUROPEAN MEADOWSWEET

Floerkea FALSE MERMAID

Foeniculum FENNEL

Forsythia FORSYTHIA, GOLDENBELLS

Fragaria STRAWBERRY, AMERICAN WOOD STRAWBERRY, EUROPEAN STRAWBERRY, WILD STRAWBERRY

Fraxinus WHITE ASH, EUROPEAN ASH, BLACK ASH, RED ASH

Galeopsis HEMP-NETTLE, BRISTLESTEM HEMP-NETTLE

Galinsoga CILIATE GALINSOGA

Galium CLEAVERS, CATCHWEED BEDSTRAW, GOOSE GRASS, ROUGH BEDSTRAW, NORTHERN BEDSTRAW, WILD LIQUORICE BEDSTRAW, TORREY'S WILD LIQUORICE BEDSTRAW, LANCELEAF WILD LICORICE, BEDSTRAW, BLUNT-LEAVED MARSH BEDSTRAW, MARSH BEDSTRAW, HAIRY BEDSTRAW, SMALL BEDGRASS, STIFF MARSH BEDSTRAW, SWEET-SCENTED BEDSTRAW, YELLOW BEDSTRAW

Gaultheria CREEPING PEARL or SNOWBERRY, AROMATIC WINTERGREEN, CHECKERBERRY

Gaura BIENNIAL GAURA

Gaylussacia BLACK HUCKLEBERRY, BLUE HUCKLEBERRY

Gentiana WHITE CLOSED GENTIAN, CLOSED GENTIAN, FRINGED GENTIAN, SMALLER FRINGED GENTIAN, STIFF GENTIAN

Geranium WILD CRANE'S-BILL, SPOTTED GERANIUM, SPOTTED CRANE'S BILL, WILD GERANIUM, SMALL-FLOWERED CRANESBILL, HERB ROBERT

Gerardia PURPLE GERARDIA, SMALL-FLOWERED PURPLE GERARDIA,SLENDER GERARDIA

Geum YELLOW AVENS, WHITE AVENS, ROUGH AVENS, WATER, PURPLE AVENS

Glechoma GILL-OVER-THE-GROUND, GROUND IVY

Gleditsia HONEY LOCUST

Glyceria FLOATING or WATER MANNAGRASS, REED MEADOW GRASS, NERVED MANNA-GRASS, FOWL MANNAGRASS

Glycyrrhiza WILD LIQUORICE

Gnaphalium FRAGRANT CUDWEED, LOW CUDWEED, CLAMMY EVERLASTING

Goodyera DOWNY RATTLESNAKE PLANTAIN, SMALL RATTLESNAKE PLANTAIN

Gratiola DRUG HEDGE-HYSSOP, CLAMMY HEDGE-HYSSOP, HEDGE HYSSOP

Gymnocarpium OAK FERN

Gymnocladus KENTUCKY COFFEE TREE

Habenaria WHITE FRINGED ORCHID, GRASS-GREEN ORCHID, HOOKER'S ORCHID, TALL LEAFY GREEN ORCHID, RAGGED FRINGED-ORCHID, SMALL PURPLE-FRINGED ORCHID, BRACTED ORCHID

Hackelia VIRGINIA STICKSEED

Hamamelis WITCHHAZEL

Hedeoma FALSE PENNY ROYAL

Hedera ENGLISH IVY

Helenium SNEEZEWEED

Helianthemum FROSTWEED

Helianthus COMMON SUNFLOWER, THIN-LEAVED SUNFLOWER, TEN-RAYED SUNFLOWER, WOODLAND SUNFLOWER, DIVARICATE SUNFLOWER, TALL SUNFLOWER, GIANT GARDEN SUNFLOWER, SAWTOOTHED SUNFLOWER, SHOWY SUNFLOWER, MAXIMILLIAN SUNFLOWER, SMALL WOOD-SUNFLOWER, PALE-LEAVED SUNFLOWER, JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE

Heliopsis SUNFLOWER HELIOPSIS

Hemerocallis TAWNY DAYLILY

Hepatica SHARP-LOBED HEPATICA, SQUIRREL CUP, BLUNT-LEAVED HEPATICA or LIVERLEAF, LIVERWORT

Heracleum DOWNY COW PARSNIP

Hesperis DAME'S ROCKET, DAME'S VIOLET

Hibiscus SWAMP ROSE MALLOW, FLOWER-OF-AN-HOUR, BLADDER KETMIA

Hieracium DEVIL'S PAINT-BRUSH, HAWKWEED, CANADA HAWKWEED, FLORENCE KING-DEVIL, HAIRY HAWKWEED, PANICLED HAWKWEED, KING-DEVIL, FIELD HAWKWEED, ROUGH HAWKWEED, RATTLESNAKE-WEED, POOR ROBBIN'S HAWKWEED, POOR ROBBIN'S PLANTAIN

Holcus COMMON VELVETGRASS

Hordeum FOXTAIL BARLEY

Houstonia BLUETS, INNOCENCE, FRINGED HOUSTONIA, PURPLE HOUSTONIA

Humulus COMMON HOP

Hydrastis GOLDEN SEAL

Hydrocotyle WATER PENNYWORT

Hydrophyllum WATER LEAF, VIRGINIA WATER LEAF,

Hyoscyamus BLACK HENBANE

Hypericum CANADIAN ST.JOHN'S-WORT, PALE ST.JOHN'S WORT, KALM'S ST. JOHN'S WORT, LARGE ST. JOHN'S-WORT, SMALL ST. JOHN'S WORT, COMMON ST. JOHN'S WORT, SPOTTED ST. JOHN'S WORT, GREAT ST. JOHN'S WORT

Hypoxis STAR GRASS

Hyssopus HYSSOP

Hystrix BOTTLE-BRUSH

Ilex WINTERBERRY

Impatiens SPOTTED TOUCH-ME-NOT, IMPATIENS, JEWEL-WEED, WILD BALSAM, PALE TOUCH-ME-NOT, PALE WILD BALSAM

Inula ELECAMPANE

Ipomoea MORNING-GLORY, MAN-OF-THE-EARTH, MORNING GLORY, POTATOE VINE

Iris BLUE FLAG, SOUTHERN BLUE-FLAG, YELLOW IRIS

Isanthus FALSE PENNYROYAL

Isoetes BRAUN'S QUILLWORT

Jeffersonia RHEUMATISM ROOT, TWINLEAF

Juglans BUTTERNUT, BLACK WALNUT, ENGLISH WALNUT, MADEIRA NUT, PERSIAN WALNUT

Juncus SHARP-FRUITED RUSH, ALPINE RUSH, JOINTED RUSH, BALTIC RUSH, SHORT-HEADED RUSH, TOAD RUSH, CANADA RUSH, WEAK RUSH, DUDLEYÌS RUSH, COMMON RUSH, THREAD RUSH, KNOTTED RUSH, PATH RUSH, POVERTY RUSH, TORREY'S RUSH

Juniperus JUNIPER, CREEPING JUNIPER, RED CEDAR

Justicia WATER-

Kochia SUMMER-CYPRESS

Lactuca BLUE LETTUCE, WILD LETTUCE, PRICKLY LETTUCE

Lamium HENBIT DEAD NETTLE, RED DEAD-NETTLE

Laportea WOOD NETTLE

Lappula EUROPEAN STICKSEED

Lapsana COMMON NIPPLEWORT

Larix TAMARACK

Lathyrus MARITIME PEAVINE, EVERLASTING PEA, CREAM-COLORED VETCHLING, SWEET PEA, VETCHLING, MARSH-PEA, TUBEROUS VETCHLING

Lechea THYME-LEAVED PINWEED, HAIRY PINWEED

Ledum LABRADOR TEA

Leersia RICE CUT-GRASS, WHITE GRASS

Lemna LESSER DUCKWEED, DUCK'S MEAT, STAR DUCKWEED

Leontodon FALL HAWKBIT, AUTUMN DANDELION

Leonurus MOTHERWORT

Lepidium FIELD PEPPERGRASS, PEPPERGRASS, COMMON PEPPERGRASS

Lespedeza ROUND-HEADED BUSH-CLOVER, HAIRY BUSH-CLOVER, WAND-LIKE BUSH-CLOVER, WAND LESPEDEZA, SLENDER BUSH CLOVER

Leucanthemum OX-EYE DAISY

Leucophysalis LARGE WHITE-FLOWERED GROUND- CHERRY

Liatris BLAZING STAR, BUTTON SNAKEROOT, ONTARIO GAYFEATHER

Ligustrum PRIVET

Lilium CANADA LILY, TURK'S CAP or CAROLINA LILY, FIRE or WOOD LILY

Linaria OLD-FIELD TOADFLAX, BUTTER-AND-EGGS, TOAD FLAX

Lindera SPICEBUSH

Lindernia FALSE PIMPERNEL

Linum STIFF YELLOW FLAX, YELLOW FLAX , COMMON FLAX, SLENDER YELLOW FLAX

Liparis LOESEL TWAYBLADE

Liriodendron TULIP TREE, WHITEWOOD

Listera BROAD-LIPPED TWAYBLADE

Lithospermum CORN GROMWELL, REDROOT, WHEAT-THIEF, CAROLINA GROMWELL, GOLDEN PUCCOON, BROAD-LEAVED, AMERICAN GROMWELL, COMMON GROMWELL

Lobelia CARDINAL FLOWER, BLUE LOBELIA, INDIAN TOBACCO, KALM'S or CANADIAN LOBELIA, GREAT LOBELIA, PALESPIKE LOBELIA

Lolium PERENNIAL RYEGRASS, BEARDED DARNEL RYEGRASS

Lonicera FLY HONEYSUCKLE, SMOOTH-LEAVED HONEYSUCKLE, LIMBER or GLAUCOUS HONEYSUCKLE, HAIRY HONEYSUCKLE, JAPANESE HONEYSUCKLE, MORROW'S HONEYSUCKLE, TRUMPET HONEYSUCKLE, TARTARIAN HONEYSUCKLE

Lotus BIRD'S-FOOT TREFOIL

Ludwigia WATER PURSLANE

Lunaria HONESTY, SILVER DOLLAR

Lupinus SUNDIAL LUPINE, BLUE LUPINE

Luzula HAIRY WOOD-RUSH, FIELD WOODRUSH

Lychnis EVENING CAMPION, WHITE CAMPION, RED CAMPION

Lycium MATRIMONY VINE

Lycopersicon TOMATO

Lycopodium GROUND CEDAR, SHINING CLUBMOSS, GROUND PINE

Lycopsis SMALL BUGLOSS

Lycopus CUT-LEAVED WATER HOREHOUND, AMERICAN BUGLEWEED, EUROPEAN WATER HOREHOUND, STALKED WATER HOREHOUND, NORTHERN BUGLEWEED, VIRGINIA BUGLEWEED

Lysimachia FRINGED LOOSESTRIFE, MONEY WORT, SPOTTED LOOSESTRIFE, LINEAR-LEAVED LOOSESTRIFE, WATER or TUFTED LOOSESTRIFE, TUFTED LOOSESTRIFE

Lythrum PURPLE LOOSESTRIFE

Maclura OSAGE ORANGE

Magnolia CUCUMBER TREE, UMBRELLA-TREE

Maianthemum CANADA BEADRUBY, FALSE-LILY-OF-THE-VALLEY

Malaxis WHITE ADDER'S-MOUTH, SHEATH ADDERMOUTH ORCHID

Malva MUSK MALLOW, CHEESES, MALLOW, COMMON ROUND LEAVED MALLOW, RUNNING MALLOW, HIGH MALLOW

Marrubium COMMON HOREHOUND

Marsilea WATER-CLOVER, PEPPERWORT

Matricaria CHAMOMILE, SCENTLESS MAYWEED, PINEAPPLEWEED

Matteuccia OSTRICH FERN

Medeola INDIAN CUCUMBERROOT, CUCUMBERROOT MEDEOLA

Medicago BLACK MEDICK, ALFALFA

Melampyrum COW-WHEAT

Melanthium BUNCH FLOWER

Melilotus SWEET CLOVER, YELLOW MELILOT

Melissa LEMON BALM

Menispermum MOONSEED

Mentha FIELD MINT, AMERICAN WILD MINT, RED MINT, PEPPERMINT, SPEARMINT

Milium TALL MILLET GRASS

Mimulus MONKEY FLOWER

Miscanthus EULALIA

Mitchella PARTRIDGEBERRY

Mitella MITREWORT, BISHOP'S CAP, NAKED MITERWORT

Mollugo CARPET

Monarda BASIL BEEBALM, OSWEGO BEEBALM, WILD BERGAMOT, BEESBALM

Moneses ONE-FLOWERED SHINLEAF, WOODNYMPH

Monotropa PINESAP, FALSE BEECH DROPS, INDIAN PIPE

Morus WHITE MULBERRY, RED MULBERRY

Muhlenbergia SCRATCH GRASS, HAIRGRASS, LEAFY MUHLENBERGIA, SATIN GRASS, WOOD GRASS, NIMBLE WILL, WOODLAND DROPSEED, FOREST MUHLY, SLENDER SATIN GRASS

Myosotis FIELD FORGET-ME-NOT, MOUSE-EAR, SMALLER FORGET-ME-NOT, EARLY FORGET-ME-NOT, SPRING SCORPION-GRASS

Myriophyllum VARIOUS-LEAVED WATER MILFOIL, MYRIOPHYLLUM, CANADA PARROTFEATHER, WATER MILFOIL

Najas NAIAD

Narcissus DAFFODIL

Nasturtium WATERCRESS

Nemopanthus WILD OR MOUNTAIN HOLLY

Nepeta CATNIP

Nicandra APPLE OF PERU

Nicotiana INDIAN TOBACCO

Nuphar SPATTER-DOCK COW-LILY, COMMON YELLOW POND-LILY, SMALL YELLOW POND-LILY

Nymphaea AMERICAN WATER-LILY, SWEET-SCENTED WATER-LILY, WHITE WATER LILY

Nyssa BLACK TUPELO, PEPPERIDGE

Oenothera EVENING PRIMROSE, EVENING PRIMROSE, SUNDROPS, BUSH PRIMROSE, DWARF EVENING PRIMROSE, MEADOW SUNDROPS, SMALL SUNDROPS

Onobrychis SAINFOIN

Onoclea SENSITIVE FERN

Onopordum SCOTCH THISTLE

Onosmodium VIRGINIA FALSE GROMWELL

Ophioglossum ADDER'S TONGUE

Orchis SHOWY ORCHIS

Ornithogalum NODDING STAR OF BETHLEHEM, STAR OF BETHLEHEM

Orobanche BROOMRAPE, ONE-FLOWERED CANCER-ROOT

Oryzopsis MOUNTAIN RICE, ROUGHLEAF RICEGRASS, SLENDER MOUNTAIN RICE, BLACK-FRUITED MOUNTAIN RICE

Osmorhiza HAIRY SWEET CICELY, CLAYTON SWEETROOT, LONG-STYLED SWEET CICELY

Osmunda CINNAMON FERN, INTERRUPTED FERN, ROYAL FERN. FLOWERING FERN

Ostrya HOP HORNBEAM

Oxalis UPRIGHT YELLOW WOOD-SORREL

Oxybaphus WILD FOUR-O'CLOCK

Panax GINSENG, DWARF GINSENG

Panicum WITCH-GRASS, DEER-TONGUE GRASS, STARVED PANIC-GRASS, SPREADING WITCH-GRASS, FORKED PANICUM, WOOLY PANICUM, BROADLEAVED PANICUM, LOW WHITE-HAIRED PANIC-GRASS, BROOM-CORN, FEW-FLOWERED PANIC-GRASS, SLENDER PANIC-GRASS

Papaver OPIUM POPPY

Parnassia GRASS OF PARNASSUS

Parthenocissus VIRGINIA CREEPER, BOSTON IVY, DISCLESS VIRGINIA CREEPER

Pastinaca PARSNIP

Pedicularis COMMON LOUSEWORT, WOOD BETONY, SWAMP LOUSEWORT

Pellaea SMOOTH CLIFF-BRAKE, PURPLE CLIFF-BRAKE

Peltandra GREEN WATER-ARUM

Penstemon FOXGLOVE PENSTEMON, HAIRY BEARD-TONGUE

Penthorum DITCH STONECROP, VIRGINIA PENTHORUM

Petasites BUTTERFLY DOCK

Peucedaneum PARSNIP

Phalaris REED CANARY GRASS

Philadelphus MOCK ORANGE

Phleum TIMOTHY

Phlox BLUE PHLOX, WILD BLUE PHLOX, WOOD PHLOX, GARDEN PHLOX

Phragmites COMMON REED-GRASS

Phryma LOPSEED

Phyllitis HART'S TONGUE FERN

Physalis CLAMMY GROUND CHERRY, GROUND CHERRY, VIRGINIA GROUND CHERRY

Physocarpus NINE-BARK

Physostegia FALSE DRAGON-HEAD, VIRGINIA LION'S HEART

Phytolacca PIGEON BERRY, GARGET, POKEWEED

Picea WHITE SPRUCE

Picris BRISTLY OX-TONGUE, HAWKWEED PICRIS

Pilea CLEARWEED, CLEARWEED, RICHWEED

Pinus JACK PINE, RED PINE, WHITE PINE, SCOTCH PINE

Plantago ENGLISH PLANTAIN, RIB GRASS, COMMON PLANTAIN, DWARF PLANTAIN, HOARY PLANTAIN, LAMB'S TONGUE, RUGEL'S PLANTAIN

Platanus SYCAMORE, AMERICAN PLANE TREE, BUTTONWOOD

Poa GROVE MEADOW GRASS, SPEAR GRASS, CHAPMAN'S BLUE-GRASS, CANADA BLUE-GRASS, WIREGRASS, WEAK or TORREY BLUE-GRASS, WOOD BLUE-GRASS, FOWL MEADOW GRASS, BLUE-GRASS, KENTUCKY BLUEGRASS, SYLVAN SPEAR-GRASS, ROUGH-STALKED MEADOW-GRASS

Podophyllum MAY-APPLE, AMERICAN MANDRAKE

Polanisia CLAMMYWEED

Polemonium GREEK VALERIAN

Polygala PINK MILKWORT, SENEGA ROOT, SENECA SNAKEROOT, WHORLED MILKWORT

Polygonatum GREAT SOLOMON'S SEAL, SMALL SOLOMON'S-SEAL

Polygonum HOMELESS KNOTWEED, WATER PERSICARIA, HALBERD-LEAVED TEAR-THUMB, PROSTRATE KNOTWEED, DOOR-WEED, SWAMP SMARTWEED, BLACK BINDWEED, DULLSEED CORNBIND, JAPANESE KNOTWEED, ERECT KNOTWEED, WATER SMARTWEED, WATER SMARTWEED, DOCK-LEAVED SMARTWEED, WATER SMARTWEED, PRINCE'S FEATHER or PLUME, LADY'S THUMB, PENNSYLVANIA KNOTWEED, LADY'S THUMB, ARROW-LEAVED KNOTWEED, HEDGE CORNBIND, THICKET FALSE BUCKWHEAT, VIRGINIA KNOTWEED

Polymnia SMALL-FLOWERED LEAF-CUP

Polypodium COMMON POLYPODY

Polystichum CHRISTMAS, BRAUN'S HOLLY FERN, HOLLY FERN

Pontederia PICKEREL-WEED

Populus WHITE POPLAR, BALSAM POPLAR, BALM-OF-GILEAD, COTTONWOOD, EASTERN POPLAR, BIGTOOTH ASPEN, LOMBARDY POPLAR, QUAKING ASPEN, AMERICAN ASPEN

Portulaca COMMON PURSLANE

Potamogeton ALPINE PONDWEED, BROAD-LEAVED PONDWEED, CURLY PONDWEED, RAFINESQUE'S PONDWEED, NUTTALL'S PONDWEED, FLOATINGLEAF PONDWEED), FILIFORM PONDWEED, LEAFY PONDWEED, FRIES' PONDWEED, ILLINOIS PONDWEED, KNOTTY PONDWEED, FENNEL-LEAVED PONDWEED, THOROWORT PONDWEED, CLASPING-LEAVED PONDWEED, WHITESTEM PONDWEED, BABY PONDWEED, RICHARDSON'S PONDWEED, ROBBINS' PONDWEED, STRAIGHT-LEAVED PONDWEED, FLAT-STEM PONDWEED

Potentilla SILVERWEED CINQUEFOIL, SILVERY CINQUEFOIL, DWARF or OLDFIELD CINQUEFOIL, SHRUBBY or BUSH CONQUEFOIL, NORWEGIAN or ROUGH CINQUEFOIL, MARSH CINQUEFOIL, YELLOW OR SULPHURY CINQUEFOIL, COMMON CINQUEFOIL

Prenanthes LION'S-FOOT, RATTLE-SNAKE ROOT, WHITE LETTUCE, TALL LION'S FOOT, RATTLESNAKE-ROOT

Proboscidea UNICORN PLANT

Prunella HEAL-ALL, SELF-HEAL

Prunus WILD PLUM, AMERICAN or YELLOW PLUM, BIRD or SWEET CHERRY, COMMON RED or SOUR CHERRY, GARDEN PLUM, PEACH, MAHALEB or ST. LUCIE, PIN CHERRY, WILD RED CHERRY, PEACH, CANADA PLUM, BLACK CHERRY, CHOKECHERRY

Ptelea HOP-TREE

Pteridium EASTERN BRACKEN FERN

Pterospora GIANT BIRD'S NEST, PINE DROPS

Puccinellia ALKALI-GRASS, PALE MANNA-GRASS

Pycnanthemum MOUNTAIN MINT, VIRGINIA MOUNTAIN MINT

Pyrola ALPINE or BOG PYROLA, ELLIPTIC-LEAVED PYROLA, WAXFLOWER PYROLA, ROUND-LEAVED PYROLA, ONE-SIDED PYROLA, SHINLEAF OR WINTERGREEN, GREENISH-FLOWERED PYROLA

Pyrus COMMON PEAR, WILD CRAB APPLE, APPLE

Quercus WHITE OAK, SWAMP WHITE OAK, NORTHERN RED OAK, SCARLET OAK, BUR OAK, PIN OAK, DWARF CHESTNUT OAK, YELLOW OAK, YELLOW OAK, CHINKAPIN OAK, CHESTNUT OAK, CHESTNUT OAK, POST OAK, BLACK OAK

Ranunculus SMALL-FLOWERED CROWFOOT, LITTLE-LEAF BUTTERCUP, TALL MEADOW BUTTERCUP, WHITE WATER CROWFOOT, BULBOUS BUTTERCUP, EARLY BUTTERCUP, LESSER CELANDINE, YELLOW WATER CROWFOOT, CREEPING SPEARWORT, HISPID BUTTERCUP, STIFF WHITE WATER CROWFOOT, BRISTLY BUTTERCUP, HOOKED BUTTERCUP, CREEPING BUTTERCUP, CURSED BUTTERCUP, SWAMP BUTTERBUP

Raphanus OINTED CHARLOCK, WILD RADISH, GARDEN RADISH

Rhamnus COMMON BUCKTHORN, ALDER BUCKTHORN

Rhodotypos JETBEAD

Rhus AROMATIC SUMAC, SMOOTH SUMACH, POISON IVY, STAGHORN SUMAC, POISON SUMAC

Rhynchospora CAPILLARY BEAKED-RUSH

Ribes WILD or AMERICAN BLACK CURRANT, PRICKLY or PASTURE GOOSEBERRY, SKUNK CURRANT, SMOOTH GOOSEBERRY, GOLDEN CURRENT, RED CURRANT, NORTHERN RED CURRANT

Robinia BLACK LOCUST, CLAMMY LOCUST

Rorippa MARSH CRESS, HISPID YELLOW CRESS, YELLOW CRESS

Rosa MEADOW ROSE, DOG ROSE, DWARF or CAROLINA ROSE, SWEETBRIAR, SWEET BRIAR, MULTIFLOWER ROSE, SWAMP ROSE, PASTURE ROSE

Rubus ALLEGANY BLACKBERRY, NORTHERN DEWBERRY, BLACKBERRY, RED RASPBERRY, CUT-LEAVED BLACKBERRY, BLACK RASPBERRY, DWARF RASPBERRY, RED RASPBERRY

Rudbeckia BLACKEYED SUSAN, CONE FLOWER

Rumex SHEEP SORREL, CURLY DOCK, YARD DOCK, BITTER DOCK, BLOODY- or RED-VEINED DOCK

Sagina PEARLWORT

Sagittaria COMMON ARROWHEAD, SESSILE-FRUITED ARROWHEAD

Salix WHITE WILLOW, PEACH-LEAVED WILLOW, WEEPING WILLOW, BEAKED WILLOW, PUSSY WILLOW, GLAUCOUS WILLOW, CRACK WILLOW, PRAIRIE WILLOW, SANDBAR WILLOW, SHINING WILLOW, DRAGON-CLAW WILLOW, CORKSCREW WILLOW, BLACK WILLOW, SLENDER WILLOW, BASKET WILLOW, PURPLE-WILLOW, HEART-LEAVED WILLOW

Salsola TUMBLING RUSSIAN THISTLE

Salvia KITCHEN-SAGE, GARDEN-SAGE

Sambucus ELDERBERRY, BLACK BERRIED ELDER, RED-BERRIED ELDER

Samolus BROOKWEED, WATER PIMPERNEL

Sanguinaria BLOODROOT

Sanicula SHORT-STYLED SNAKEROOT, BLACK SNAKEROOT, BLACK SANICLE

Saponaria BOUNCING BET, SOAP WORT

Sarracenia COMMON PITCHER-PLANT

Sassafras SASSAFRAS

Satureja LOW CALAMINT, NIAGARA THYME, WILD BASIL, WILDBASIL SAVORY

Saururus LIZARD'S TAIL

Saxifraga SWAMP SAXIFRAGE, EARLY or VIRGINIA SAXIFRAGE

Schizachne PURPLE OAT

Scilla SQUILL

Scirpus ESTERN BULRUSH, AMERICAN BULRUSH, GREEN BULRUSH, WOOL-GRASS, WOOD BULRUSH, RIVER BULRUSH, REDDISH BULLRUSH, BULRUSH, GREAT BULRUSH, WOOD-CLUB RUSH

Scrophularia MARYLAND FIGWORT

Scutellaria HOODED SKULLCAP, MAD-DOG SKULLCAP, SMALL SKULLCAP

Sedum MOSSY STONECROP, WALL PEPPER, GOLDMOSS, SEDUM, LIVE-FOREVER, STONECROP

Selaginella CREEPING SELAGINELLA, BASKET SELAGINELLA, ROCK SELAGINELLA

Senecio GOLDEN GROUNDSEL, TANSY-RAGWORT, STINKING WILLIE, BALSAM GROUNDSEL, GROUNDSELL

Sericocarpus WHITE-TOPPED ASTER

Setaria GIANT FOXTAIL, COMMON FOX-TAIL, PIGEON-GRASS, ITALIAN MILLET, GREEN BRISTLEGRASS

Shepherdia BUFFALO-BERRY, CANADIAN or RUSSET BUFFALOBERRY, SHEPHERDIA, SOAPBERRY

Sicyos STAR CUCUMBER

Silene SLEEPY CATCHFLY, BLADDER CAMPION, COWBELL SILENE, NIGHT-FLOWERING CATCH-FLY, STARRY CAMPION

Silphium WHORLED ROSINWEED

Sisymbrium TUMBLE MUSTARD, HEDGE MUSTARD, COMMON BLUE-EYED GRASS

Sisyrinchium STOUT BLUE-EYED GRASS, MICHAUX'S BLUE-EYED

Sium HEMLOCK WATER PARSNIP

Smilacina FALSE SOLOMON'S SEAL, FALSE, STAR-FLOWERED FALSE SOLOMON'S, THREE-LEAVED FALSE SOLOMON'S SEAL

Smilax CATBRIER, CARRION-FLOWER, GREENBRIAR, CARRION-FLOWER, CAT-BRIER, GREEN-BRIER

Solanum HORSE-NETTLE, BITTER NIGHTSHADE, BITTERSWEET, BLACK or DEADLY NIGHTSHADE, BUFFALO-BUR NIGHTSHADE

Solidago CUT-LEAVED GOLDENROD, SILVERROD, SILVER GOLDENROD, BLUE-STEMMED GOLDENROD, WREATH GOLDENROD, CANADA GOLDENROD, TALL GOLDENROD, ZIGZAG GOLDENROD, LATE GOLDENROD, NOVEMBER GOLDENROD, NARROW-LEAVED or GRASSLEAF GOLDENROD, EARLY or PLUME GOLDENROD, DYERSWEED GOLDENROD, OHIO GOLDENROD, ROUGH-LEAVED GOLDENROD , STIFF GOLDENROD, WRINKLED GOLDENROD, STOUT RAGGED GOLDENROD, RUGGED GOLDENROD, BOG GOLDENROD, ELM-LEAVED GOLDENROD

Sonchus FIELD SOW THISTLE, SPINY-LEAVED SOW-THISTLE, PRICKLY SOWTHISTLE, SOW THISTLE

Sorbus AMERICAN MOUNTAIN ASH, EUROPEAN MOUNTAIN ASH

Sorghastrum INDIAN GRASS, WOOD GRASS, YELLOW INDIAN GRASS

Sparganium NUTTALL'S BUR, GIANT BUR-REED

Spartina CORD or SLOUGH GRASS

Spergula CORN SPURRY

Spergularia SAND SPURRY, SALTMARSH SAND SPURRY

Sphenopholis INTERMEDIATE BUNCHGRASS

Spiraea NARROW-LEAF MEADOW-SWEET, BROAD-LEAVED MEADOW-SWEET

Spiranthes NODDING LADIES' TRESSES, SLENDER LADY'S TRESSES, WILDLEAF LADIE'S TRESSES, CONTINENTAL LADIE'S TRESSES

Spirodela GREATER DUCK-WEED

Sporobolus RUSH-GRASS, SMALL RUSH GRASS, SHEATHED RUSH-GRASS, POVERTY DROPSEED

Stachys ROUGH HEDGE-NETTLE, HAIRY HEDGE-NETTLE, MARSH BETONY, HEDGE-NETTLE

Staphylea BLADDERNUT

Stellaria LITTLE STARWORT, LONGSTALK STARWORT, COMMON CHICKWEED

Streptopus TWISTED-STALK

Strophostyles TRAILING WILD BEAN

Swertia AMERICAN COLUMBO

Symphoricarpos SNOWBERRY, GARDEN SNOWBERRY, CORALBERRY, INDIAN CURRANT

Symphytum COMFREY

Symplocarpus SKUNK CABBAGE

Syringia LILAC

Taenidia YELLOW PIMPERNEL

Tanacetum TANSY

Taraxacum RED-SEEDED or SMOOTH DANDELION, DANDELION

Taxodium BALD CYPRESS

Taxus GROUND HEMLOCK, CANADA YEW

Teucrium AMERICAN GERMANDER, HAIRY GERMANDER

Thalictrum PURPLE MEADOW-RUE, EARLY MEADOW-RUE, TALL MEADOW RUE, WAXY MEADOW-RUE

Thaspium HAIRY-JOINTED MEADOW PARSNIP, PURPLE MEADOW PARSNIP

Thelypteris BROAD BEECH-FERN, NEW YORK FERN, MARSH FERN, BEECH FERN

Thlaspi FIELD PENNYCRESS

Thuja ARBOR VITAE, WHITE CEDAR

Tiarella FOAM-FLOWER, FALSE MITREWORT

Tilia BASSWOOD, LINDEN, EUROPEAN LINDEN

Tofieldia FALSE ASPHODEL

Tragopogon SALSIFY, VEGETABLE-OYSTER SALSIFY, GOAT'S-BEARD, MEADOW SALSIFY

Triadenum MARSH ST. JOHN'S WORT

Trientalis STARFLOWER

Trifolium YELLOW HOP CLOVER, RABBIT'S FOOT CLOVER, ALSIKE CLOVER, CRIMSON CLOVER, RED CLOVER, LOW HOP CLOVER, WHITE CLOVER

Triglochin MARSH ARROW-GRASS

Trillium NODDING TRILLIUM, RED or PURPLE TRILLIUM, BIRTHROOT, WHITE TRILLIUM, LARGE-FLOWERED WAKE ROBIN, SNOW TRILLIUM, PAINTED TRILLIUM

Triodanis CLASPING VENUS' LOOKING GLASS, TALL REDTOP

Triosteum HORSE-GENTIAN, ORANGE HORSE-GENTIAN

Tripsacum GAMMA GRASS

Tsuga EASTERN HEMLOCK

Tussilago COLTSFOOT

Typha NARROW-LEAVED CAT-TAIL, COMMON CAT-TAIL

Ulmus AMERICAN ELM, ENGLISH ELM, DWARF or SIBERIAN ELM, SLIPPERY ELM, ROCK-ELM

Urtica STINGING NETTLE, TALL NETTLE

Utricularia HORNED BLADDERWORT, HUMPED BLADDERWORT, COMMON BLADDERWORT

Uvularia LARGE-FLOWERED BELLWORT, BIG MERRYBELLS, BELLWORT, PERFOLIATE BELLWORT, SMALLER BELLWORT, WOOD MERRYBELLS, SESSILE-LEAVED BELLWORT

Vaccinium HIGH BUSH BLUEBERRY, SWAMP BLUE-BERRY, EARLY-FRUITING BLUEBERRY, VELVET-LEAF BLUEBERRY, DEERBERRY, SQUAW HUCKLEBERRY, LATE-FRUITING BLUEBERRY, LOW BLUEBERRY

Valeriana MILLEFLEUR, VALERIAN, SWAMP VALERIAN

Valerianella CORN-SALAD, LAMBÌS LETTUCE

Vallisneria EEL or TAPE GRASS, SPIRAL WILD-CELERY

Veratrum FALSE HELEBORE

Verbascum MOTH MULLEIN, MULLIEN

Verbena COMMON VERVAIN, NARROW-LEAVED VERVAIN, HOARY VERVAIN, WHITE VERVAIN

Veronica FIELD SPEEDWELL, AMERICAN BROOKLIME, WATER SPEEDWELL, CORN SPEEDWELL, BIRD'S-EYE SPEEDWELL, GERMANDER SPEEDWELL, LONG-LEAVED SPEEDWELL, COMMON or DRUG SPEEDWELL, PURSLANE SPEEDWELL, NECKWEED, MARSH SPEEDWELL, THYME-LEAVED SPEEDWELL

Veronicastrum CULVER'S PHYSIC or ROOT

Viburnum MAPLE-LEAVED VIBURNUM, DOWNY ARROW-WOOD, WITHE-ROD, ARROW-WOOD VIBURNUM, WAYFARING-TREE, NANNYBERRY, SHEEP BERRY, WITHE ROD, HIGH-BUSH CRANBERRY, GUELDER ROSE, RAFINESQUE VIBURNUM

Vicia AMERICAN or PURPLE VETCH, NARROW-LEAVED VETCH, CAROLINA or PALE VETCH, WILD TARE, BIRD or COW VETCH, TARE, FOUR-SEEDED VETCH

Vinca PERIWINKLE, MYRTLE

Viola LECONTE VIOLET, SWEET WHITE VIOLET, CANADA VIOLET, AMERICAN DOG VIOLET, MARSH BLUE VIOLET, BOGRICE VIOLET, COMMON BLUE VIOLET, SMOOTH VIOLET,LANCELEAF VIOLET, SWEET VIOLET, PALMATE BLUE VIOLET, HAND-LEAVED VIOLET, MARSH VIOLET, BIRDSFOOT VIOLET, DOWNY YELLOW VIOLET, AMERICAN FIELD PANSY, KIDNEY-LEAVED VIOLET, LONG-SPURRED VIOLET, ROUND-LEAVED YELLOW VIOLET, NORTHERN BLUE VIOLET, WOOLLY BLUE VIOLET, CREAMY VIOLET, GARDEN PANSEY

Vitis SUMMER GRAPE, FOX, FROST or RIVER GRAPE

Waldsteinia BARREN STRAWBERRY

Wolffia WATER-MEAL

Woodwardia VIRGINIA CHAIN-FERN

Xanthium ORIENTAL COCKLEBUR

Zannichellia HORNED PONDWEED

Zanthoxylum PRICKLY ASH

Zizania WILD RICE

Zizia GOLDEN ALEXANDERS

Zosterella WATER STAR-GRASS, MUD PLANTAIN

Zygadenus WILD CAMASS, ZYGADEN

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