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BFNA Title:
Anacamptodon |
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ANACAMPTODON
- CAMPYLIACEAE xxx.
ANACAMPTODON Bridel, Musc. Recent. Suppl. 4: 136. 1819 [1818] • Greek anacamptos,
reflexed, and odus, tooth, referring to the reflexed exostome teeth Piers Majestyk Plants small to medium
sized, in dull to shiny, yellow to green mats; stems creeping, somewhat
radiculose, freely branched; branches ± ascending; leaves of stem and branches
similar, erect to slightly spreading when dry, spreading to subsecund
when moist, ovate to oblong-lanceolate, margins erect and entire to ±
crenulate distally, costa single, ending at or beyond midleaf, cells smooth,
± rectangular and bulging at base, middle and distal cells short-rhomboid to
linear. Sexual condition autoicous; perigonial leaves ovate, shortly
acute, ecostate; perichaetial leaves oblong-lanceolate, long-acuminate,
serrulate distally; costa faint, 1/2--3/4 the leaf length; cells elongate. Seta
elongate, straight, smooth, yellow, brown or red. Capsules
oblong-cylindric with an apophysis; strongly constricted below the mouth when
dry; exostome teeth triangular-lanceolate, attenuate, thin, the teeth 16,
paired, strongly recurved when dry, minutely papillose on both surfaces
throughout; endostome segments 8 or 16, not arising from a basal membrane,
filiform, elongate, 1/3--3/4 length of exostome. Operculum conic,
obliquely rostrate. Calyptra cucullate, smooth, naked. Spores
spherical, finely papillose. Species
ca. 12 (1 in the flora); temperate and tropical areas, North America, South
America, Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia. SELECTED
REFERENCES: Crum, H. A. 1958. Anacamptodon in North America.
Bryologist 61: 136--140. Crum, H. A. and L. E. Anderson. 1981. Mosses of
Eastern North America. 2 vols. New York. 1.
Anacamptodon splachnoides (Bridel) Bridel, Musc. Recent. Suppl. 4:
136. 1819 [1818] Orthotrichum splachnoides,
Musc. Recent. Suppl. 2: 4. 1812; Campylodontium hypnoides
Schwägrichen; Anacamptodon splachnoides var. americanus Hampe Plants
yellow-green to green; branches straight to slightly curved at tip; stem and
branch leaves 0.7--1.4 mm, erect to spreading; costa 1/2--4/5 (occasionally
shorter) leaf length; median and distal cells 30-56 ´
8-11 µm. Seta 7--14 mm, yellow. Capsule
0.8--2 mm, yellow to brown, exostome yellow to light brown; endostome light
orange to golden, 1/3--1 length of exostome. Calyptra 1.7--2 mm. Spores
10--15 µm. Mature capsules present Jan.--Dec.
(mainly Apr.--Oct.). Bark of trees, wet, sheltered niches such as crotches,
fissures or knotholes or rarely on logs, stumps or wet rocks; 0--1700 m;
N.S., Ont., Que.; Ark., Conn., Fla., Ga., Ill., Ind., Ky., La., Maine, Md.,
Mass., Mich., Miss., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Pa., Tenn., Tex., Vt.,
Va., W.Va., Wis.; Europe. The habit of Anacamptodon
splachnoides combined with frequent sporophyte production with
distinctive, strongly reflexed exostome teeth makes this one of the more
easily recognized mosses. The most common substrates for A. splachnoides
are knotholes or wet crevices of Fagus grandifolia, Betula spp. and Acer
spp. |
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