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BFNA Title: Tritomaria |
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Tritomaria, Scapaniaceae TRITOMARIA Loeske, Hedwigia 49: 13. 1909 Won
Shic Hong Plants ca. 0.5--5 cm x 1--4 mm,
prostrate to ascending. Stem transverse section with 1--3 cortical
cells and 15--25 medullary cells; rhizoids numerous in dense mats, colorless
to pale brown. Leaves subtransversely-obliquely inserted, 2--4-lobed,
asymmetrical (except T. polita); lobes triangular, unequal, margins entire;
cell walls collenchymatous, trigones bulging; oil bodies 3--8 per cell,
finely granular, spherical to ovoid; underleaves absent. Sexual condition
dioicous. Specialized asexual reproduction by gemmae. Androecia
intercalary, antheridial stalk 1--2-seriate, female bracts leaflike, 3--4-lobed, margins entire-dentate, bracteoles
usually absent. Perianth cylindrical-ovoid, plicate, mouth entire or
ciliate. Capsule oval, walls 3--5-stratose, exterior wall with nodular
and interior wall with semiannular bands. Elaters
ca. 6--10 /um diam. Spores ca. 10--16 /um. Species 8 (6 in the
flora): North America, Europe, Asia, Africa. SELECTED REFERENCES Schuster, R. M. 1969. Tritomaria Schiffn. In: R. M. Schuster. 1966--1993. The Hepaticae
and Anthocerotae of North America. New York. Vol. 2, pp. 638--704. Schuster,
R. M. 1984. Evolution, Phylogeny and Classification of the Hepaticae. In: R.
M. Schuster, ed. 1984. New Manual of Bryology. Vol. 2, pp. 892--1070. Nichinan. 1. Leaves more or less
symmetrical, equally 2--4-lobed with blunt to rounded apices; perianth mouth
entire or subentire . . . . 4. Tritomaria polita 1. Leaves
asymmetrical, unequally 2--3-lobed with acute or acuminate apices; perianth
mouth dentate. 2.
Leaves complicate to explanate, wider than long;
gemmae rare-absent, yellowish-reddish brown. 3.
Plants 1--1.5 mm wide, pellucid; leaves approaching symmetrical form, loosely
complex, trigones coarsely nodose; gemmae angulate; perianth mouth teeth 1--2
cells long . . . . . 3. Tritomaria heterophylla 3.
Plants 2--3.5 mm wide, opaque; leaves asymmetrical, explanate,
trigones moderate-bulging, but never nodose; gemmae generally absent;
perianth mouth teeth 4--5 cells long . . . . 5. Tritomaria quinquedentata 2.
Leaves canaliculate-complanate, longer than wide;
gemmae abundant, reddish brown to rust red. 4.
Leaves usually 3-lobed, lobes acute to subacute; trigones large; cilia of
perianth mouth 1--4 cells long; gemmae reddish-brown . . . . . 6. Tritomaria scitula 4.
Leaves asymmetrically 2--3-lobed, lobes acute or acuminate; trigones small;
cilia of perianth mouth 5--6 cells long; gemmae rust-red. 5.
Gemmae smooth, ovoid-elliptical; leaf cells 8--14 x 10--20 /um in midleaf;
cell walls thick, trigones not bulging . . . . 1. Tritomaria exsecta 5.
Gemmae angulate, polygonal; leaf cells 18--22 x 20--35 /um in midleaf; cell
walls thin, trigones bulging . . . . 2. Tritomaria exsectiformis 1.
Tritomaria exsecta (Schrader) Loeske,
Hedwigia 49: 13. 1909 Jungermannia
exsecta
Schrader, Syst. Samml. Cryptogamisher
Gewasche 2: 5. 1797 Plants ca. 0.5-- 2 cm x 1--2 mm,
ascending, pale green to brownish green. Stems 0.2--0.3 mm diam.,
sparsely branching, transverse section with 2--3 cortical cells and 12--18
medullary cells; rhizoids numerous, colorless-pale brownish. Leaves succubous,
distant to imbricate, conduplicate-concave, ovate
to oblong-ovate, 0.8--1.2 x 0.5--0.8 mm, unequally 2--3-lobed (median lobes
often absent); antical lobes subulate, more weakly
arched than postical lobe, sinus between middle lobes deeper (to 0.3 of the
leaf length), margins entire, apex acuminate to acute; postical lobes ovate,
more strongly arched than antical lobes, sinus
between middle lobes very shallow (less than 0.1 of the leaf length), margins
entire, apex acuminate to acute; cells rounded-rectangular, marginal cells
8--12 x 10--15 /um, median cells 8--14 x 10--20 /um , basal cells 10--15 x
15--30 /um, cuticle verruculose, walls thick, trigones small; oil bodies
filling the lumen, 2--8 per cell, spherical to ovoid, 2--4 x 4--5 /um, finely
granular, grayish; underleaves absent. Specialized asexual reproduction
by gemmae in masses at apices of shoots, rust-red, elliptical, 15--22 x 8--12
/um, 2-celled, smooth. Sexual condition dioicous. Androecia
terminal, often with gemmae at tips, male bracts 4--10 pairs, similar to
leaves, with antheridia, 1--2 androus, antheridial
stalk 1-seriate. Gynoecia terminal, female bracts in few pairs,
rounded -quadrate to broadly ovate, 3--5 lobed, equal or slightly smaller
than leaves. Perianth cylindrical-obovate, 4--6-plicate, mouth
ciliated with teeth 2--6 cells long. Seta 5 mm, capsule ovoid, walls
3-stratose, exterior walls with nodular thickenings, interior walls with
annular thickenings, reddish brown. Elaters ca. 8 /um in diam.,
2-spiral, reddish brown. Spores 9--12 /um, papillose, dark brownish. Humic soil, humus on
rocks, trunks and branches, especially Alnus and Malus in the West; 0--2000 m; Alta., B.C., N.B., Nfld., N.W.T.,
N.S., Ont., Que.; Alaska, Colo., Conn., Ga., Idaho, Iowa, Ky., Maine, Mass.,
Mich., Minn., Mont., N.H., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, S.C., Vt., Va., Wash., W.Va.;
Mexico; e Africa. In the East ,T. exsecta is
frequently associated with Anastrophyllum minutum, A. michauxii, Bazzania trilobata, Diplophyllum apiculatum, Frullania asagrayana, Harpalejeunea ovata, Herbertus aduncus, Jamesoniella autumnalis, Lejeunea cavifolia, L. ulicina, Metzgeria crassipilis, Radula obconica, R. tenax,
and Scapania nemorosa. In the West it is
associated with Blepharostoma
trichophyllum,
Douinia ovata, Frullania nisquallensis, Scapania bolanderi, and S. umbrosa. 2.
Tritomaria exsectiformis (Breidler)
Schiffn. ex Loeske, Hedwigia 49: 13. l909 Jungermannia
exsectiformis Breidler, Mitt. Naturwiss. Vereines Steiermark 30: 321. 1894 Plants ca. 0.5--3 cm x 1.5--2 mm,
ascending, green to brownish. Stems 0.2--0.3 mm diam., sparsely
branching, transverse section with 2--3 cortical cells and 12--18 medullary
cells; rhizoids colorless to brownish. Leaves succubous, contiguous to
imbricate, conduplicate-concave, ovate to
oblong-ovate, 0.8--1.2 x 0.5--0.8 mm, unequally 2--3-lobed (median lobes
often absent); antical lobes smaller than postical
lobes, apex acuminate to acute, margins entire; cells rounded-rectangular,
marginal cells 14--18 x 18--22 /um, median cells 14--22 x 20--35 /um, basal
cells 20--25 x 28--40 /um, cuticle strongly verruculose, walls thin, trigones
strongly bulging; oil bodies 5--12 per cell, spherical to ovoid, 3--5 x 4--6 /um,
granular, grayish; underleaves absent. Specialized asexual reproduction
by gemmae in masses at apices of shoots, rust-red or bright red, polygonal to
pyriform, 12--25 x 10--25 /um, 2-celled. Sexual condition dioicous. Androecia
terminal, often with gemmae at tips, male bracts similar to leaves,
3-lobed, with antheridia, 1--2 androus, antheridial
stalk 1-seriate. Gynoecia terminal, female bracts larger than leaves,
ovate, 3--4-lobed. Perianth free from the bracts, cylindrical, 4--6
plicate, mouth constricted, lobulate with teeth 2--5
cells long. Capsule ovoid, walls 2--4-stratose, exterior walls with
nodular thickenings, interior walls with semiannular
thickenings, reddish-brown. Elaters ca. 7--10 /um diam., 2-spiral,
reddish-brown. Spores 9--12 /um, papillose. Subspecies 2 (2 in the
flora): widely distributed across the northern part of the floral range. 1. Leaf cells 18--22 x
20--35 /um in midleaf; gemmae irregularly polygonal to pyriform, rust-red,
15--25 x 12--20 /um; widespread . . . . 2a. Tritomaria exsectiformis subsp. exsectiformis 1. Leaf cells 14--16 x
20--25 /um in midleaf; gemmae angulate, bright reddish, 12--25 x 10--25 /um;
arctic . . . . 2b. Tritomaria
exsectiformis
subsp. arctica 2a.
Tritomaria exsectiformis (Breidler)
Loeske subsp. exsectiformis Leaf cells 18--22 x 20--35 /um in
midleaf; gemmae irregularly polygonal to pyriform, rust-red, 15--25 x 12--20 /um. Creek banks, decayed
wood, and humus over decayed wood in forests; 0--2300 m; Greenland; Alta.,
B.C., Nfld., N.W.T., N.S., Nun., Ont., Que., Yukon; Alaska, Colo., Conn., Idaho,
Iowa, Maine, Mass., Mich., Minn., Mont., N.H., N.Y., N.C., Pa., Vt., Wash.,
Wis., Wyo.; Europe; Asia. In the East, Tritomaria exsectiformis is frequently associated
with Bazzania
trilobata,
Lophozia ascendens, L. longidens,
and Tritomaria
exsecta.
In the West it is associated with Blepharostoma trichophyllum, Cephalozia
lunulifolia,
Gymnomitrion coralloides, Lepidozia reptans, Lophozia incisa, L. ventricosa,
and Ptilidium
pulcherrimum. 2b.
Tritomaria exsectiformis subsp. arctica R. M. Schuster, Hep. Anthoc. N. Amer.
2: 661. 1969 E Leaf cells 14--16 x 20--25 /um in
midleaf; gemmae angulate, bright reddish, 12--25 x 10--25 /um. Androecia,
gynoecia and sporophyte unknown. Peaty soil with acidic
rocks; 50--80 m; endemic to w Greenland. The subsp. arctica is a North American endemic
associated with Anastrophyllum
minutum, A. sphenoloboides, Cephalozia bicuspidata, Cephaloziella
divaricata,
Lophozia opacifolia, Scapania lingulata, and Tritomaria quinquedentata. 3.
Tritomaria heterophylla R.M. Schuster, Canad. J. Bot.
36: 272. 1958 Plants ca. 0.8--1.5 cm x 0.7--1.5 mm,
ascending, brownish-purplish to brown. Stems
0.3--0.4 mm in diam., sparsely branching, transverse section with cortical
and medullary cells; rhizoids numerous, colorless-pale brownish. Leaves succubous,
imbricate, loosely complicate, transversely oblong, 0.7--0.9 x 0.8--1.2 mm, subequally 3-lobed, lobes ovate-triangular, sinus 0.2-0.3
of leaf length, apex acuminate to acute, margins entire or with scattered
sharp teeth; cells rounded rectangular, marginal cells 20--25 /um, median
cells 20--25 x 25--30 /um, basal cells 25--30 x 30--40 /um, cuticle weakly
verruculose, strongly collenchymatous, trigones bulging; oil bodies 2--10 per
cell, spherical to elliptical, 6--7 x 9--13 /um, finely papillose, grayish;
underleaves absent. Specialized asexual reproduction by gemmae in
masses at apices of juvenile leaves, reddish-brown, angular, 25--35 x 18--30 /um,
1--2 celled, smooth. Sexual condition dioicous. Male bracts similar
to leaves, antheridia orange-yellow, antheridial
stalk 1-seriate. Gynoecia terminal, female bracts larger than leaves,
2--5-lobed, lobes broadly ovate-triangular with entire margins. Perianth ovoid,
plicate, mouth ciliated with teeth 2 cells long. Sporophyte unknown. Peaty soil between
rock clefts; 0--250 m; e, w, and n Greenland; Nun. Tritomaria
heterophylla is superficially similar to T. scitula and T. quinquedentata, and is frequently associated with Aneura pinguis, Antheria juratzkana, Arnellia fennica, Blepharostoma trichophyllum
subsp. brevirete,
Cephalozia bicuspidata, C. pleniceps, Cephaloziella arctica, Cryptocolea imbricata, Gymnomitrion concinnatum,
Jhungermannia
sphaerocarpa,
Odontoschisma macounii, Plagiochila arctica, Prasanthus suecicus, Scapania gymnostomophila, and Tritomaria quinquedentata. 4.
Tritomaria polita (Nees)
Jørgensen, Bergens Mus. Aarbok 7: 4. 1921 Jungermannia
polita Nees, Naturg.
Eur. Leberm. 2: 9. 1836 Plants ca. 1--1.5 cm x 2--3 mm,
ascending, yellowish-green to reddish-brown. Stems 0.2--0.5 mm in
diam., sparsely branching with Frullania-type, Radula-type
and lateral-intercalary; transverse section with 1--3 elongated cortical
cells and 10--16 medullary cells; rhizoids moderately numerous, colorless. Leaves
transversely inserted, symmetrical, variously wider or narrower than
long, broadly quadrate, ca. 1.7--2 x 1.4--1.7 mm, 3 or 2--4-lobed, sinus very
shallow (0.1--0.25 of the leaf length), apex obtuse to rounded, margins
entire; cells rounded-polygonal, marginal cells 15--25 x 25--35 /um, median
cells 25--30 x 45--50 /um, basal cells 35--45 x 70--100 /um, cuticle weakly
verruculose, walls thin, trigones large; oil bodies 2--12 per cell, spherical
to ellipsoidal, ca. 5--10 /um, granular, grayish; underleaves absent. Specialized
asexual reproduction by gemmae in masses at tips of leaf-lobes,
yellow-brown to purplish, smooth or angulate, elliptical, ca. 28 /um,
1--2-celled. Sexual condition dioicous. Androecia terminal,
male bracts, several pairs, similar to leaves, 3-lobed, lobes undulate. Seta
1--2 cm, capsule ovoid, exterior walls with nodular thickenings, interior
walls with semiannular thickenings. Elaters ca.
8 /um in diam., 2-spiral, reddish-brown. Spores ca. 15 /um,
reddish-brown. Subspecies 2 (2 in the
flora): North America, Europe, Asia. 1. Leaves uniformly
3-lobed with angulate sinuses, longer than wide; oil bodies 2--7 per cell;
gemmae brown to purplish, angulate; female bracts 3-lobed; widespread . . . .
. 4a. Tritomaria
polita
subsp. polita 1. Leaves 2--4-lobed
with curved sinuses, wider than long; oil bodies 8--12 per cell; gemmae
usually absent, if present yellow brown, smooth; female bracts 2--4-lobed;
sub-Arctic and Arctic . . . . 4b. Tritomaria polita subsp. polymorpha 4a.
Tritomaria polita (Nees)
Jørgensen subsp. polita Leaves uniformly 3-lobed with
angulate sinuses, longer than wide; oil bodies 2--7 per cell; gemmae brown to
purplish, angulate; female bracts 3-lobed. Exposed boulders,
stream banks, soil on cliffs in forests, and seepage slopes in the tundra.;
500--1100 m; Greenland; Alta., B.C., Nfld. (Labrador), Nun., Que.; Alaska,
Colo., Mont., Wash.; Europe; Asia. The subsp. polita is
frequently associated with Barbilophozia kunzeana, Blepharostoma trichophyllum, Calypogeia azurea, Cephalozia
bicuspidata, Diplophyllum albicans, Harpanthus flotovianus, Jungermannia atrovirens, Leiocolea heterocolpos, Lophozia guttulata, L. incisa,
Pleuroclada
albescens,
and Tritomaria
exsectiformis. 4b.
Tritomaria polita subsp. polymorpha R. M. Schuster, Hep. Anthoc. N. Amer.
2: 700. 1969 Leaves 2--4-lobed with curved sinuses,
wider than long; oil bodies 8--12 per cell; gemmae usually absent, if present
yellow brown, smooth; female bracts 2--4-lobed. Sporophyte unknown. Banks of small
streams; 0--50 m; Greenland. The subsp polymorpha is a North
American endemic reported only from Greenland (R. M. Schuster 1988). It is
frequently associated with Blepharostoma trichophyllum subsp. brevirete, Cephalozia pleniceps,
Leiocolea
heterocolpos,
Lophozia gillmanii, Odontoschisma elongatum, Scapania
brevicaulis,
and Tritomaria
quinquedentata.
R. Grolle and D. G. Long (2000) treated this taxon as T. polita. 5.
Tritomaria quinquedentata
(Hudson) H.
Buch, Mem. Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 8: 270. 1932 Jungermannia quinquedentata Hudson, Fl.
Angl. ed. 1: 433. 1762; Lophozia quinquedentata
(Hudson) Cogniaux Plants ca. 1.5--6 cm x 2-4 mm, ascending , green to yellowish-brown. Stems 0.3-0.45
mm in diam., sparsely branching, transverse section with 2--3 cortical cells
and 10--14 medullary cells; rhizoids numerous, colorless. Leaves succubous,
imbricate, ovate-reniform, 0.8--1.4 x 1--1.6 mm, unequally 3-lobed, shallow
sinus (0.1--0.2 of leaf length), lobes broadly ovate, apex acute to
apiculate, margins entire; cells rounded polygonal, marginal cells ca. 12--18
x 20--23 /um, median cells ca. 18--24 x 21--28 /um, basal cells ca. 20--28 x
28--38 /um, cuticle verruculose, walls thin, trigones distinct; oil bodies
2--10 per cell, spherical to ovoid, 4--7 x 5--10 /um, finely granular,
grayish; underleaves absent. Specialized asexual reproduction by
gemmae, rare, at tips of leaf lobes, yellowish-brown, polygonal, ca. 15--20 /um,
1--2-celled, smooth. Sexual condition dioicous. Androecia terminal,
male bracts 4--12 pairs, similar to leaves, 2--3-androus, antheridial stalk
2-seriate. Gynoecia terminal, female bracts larger than leaves,
3--5-lobed, lobes acute. Perianths cylindrical-obovoid, plicate, mouth
ciliated with teeth 4--5 cells long. Seta 2 cm, capsule oblong-ovoid,
walls 4--5-stratose, yellowish or reddish-brown, exterior walls with nodular
thickenings, interior walls with semiannular
thickenings. Elaters ca. 6--7 /um in diam., 2-spiral, reddish-brown. Spores
12--15 /um, verruculose, yellowish-brown. Varieties 3 (3 in the
flora): North America, Eurasia. 1. Cells smaller,
18--24 x 21--28 /um in midleaf, trigones distinct; oil bodies 2--10 per cell;
widespread . . . . 5a. Tritomaria
quinquedentata
var. quinquedentata 1. Cells larger,
24--32 x 30--42 /um in midleaf, trigones bulging; oil bodies 7--20 per cell;
sub-Arctic and Arctic. 2.
Cells 25--30 x 30--42 /um midleaf; oil bodies 10--20 per cell . . . . .5b. Tritomaria quinquedentata var. grandiretis 2.
Cells 24--26 x 32--45 /um in midleaf; oil bodies 5--15 per cell . . . . 5c. Tritomaria quinquedentata
var. turgida 5a.
Tritomaria quinquedentata
(Hudson) H.
Buch var. quinquedentata Plants green to yellowish-brown or
pale brown. Leaf cells 18--24 x 21--28 /um in midleaf, trigones
distinct but never bulging, oil bodies 2--10 per cell. Wet humus over
boulders, shaded cliffs, soil over exposed rock surface, decaying branches at
the fringes of spray zones, and among heather on slopes; 0--1240 m; e, nw and sw Greenland; Alta.,
B.C., Man., N.B., Nfld. (Labrador), N.W.T., N.S., Nun., Ont., Que., Sask.,
Yukon; Alaska, Colo., Conn., Maine, Mich., Minn., Mont., N.H., N.Y., Oreg.,
Vt., Wash., Wis.; Europe; Asia. The subsp. quinquedentata is frequently associated with Anastrophyllum minutum, Barbilophozia attenuata, B. barbata, Tetralophozia setiformis, Diplophyllum taxifolium, Geocalyx graveolens, Gymnomitrion coralloides, Leiocolpos heterocolpos, Lophozia sudetica, Mylia
taylori, Odontoschisma macounii, Plagiochila asplenioides, Ptilidium ciliare, Scapania americana, S. mucronata, and S. nemorosa. 5b.
Tritomaria quinquedentata var. grandiretis H. Buch & S. W.
Arnell, Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 44 (1): 84. 1950 Plants pale and subpellucid.
Leaf cells 25--32 x 30--42 /um in midleaf, trigones distinct, oil
bodies 10--20 per median cell. Acidic sites over
peaty grounds near small stream; 0--500 m; nw and w
Greenland. The var. grandiretis is
restricted to Greenland (R. M. Schuster 1958, 1988; R. M. Schuster and K. Dansholt 1974), where it is frequently associated with Anastrophyllum
minutum, Barbilophozia binsteadii, B. hatcheri, B. kunzeana,
B. quadriloba, Lophozia ventricosa, Tritomaria quinquedentata subsp. quinquedentata,
and Ptilidium
ciliare. 5c.
Jungermannia quinquedentata var. turgida
Lindberg in Lindberg & Arnell, Musci Asiae
Borealis I. Kgl. Sv.
Vetensk. Akad. Handl. 23
(5): 59. 1889 Tritomaria quinquedentata subsp. turgida
(Lindberg) Damsholt Plants uniformly strongly brownish. Leaf
cells 24--26 x 30--45 /um in midleaf, trigones coarse and bulging; oil
bodies 5--15 per cell. Arctic and sub-Arctic
fens, bogs, and on hillsides; 0--3400 m; e and nw
Greenland; Yukon; Alaska; Asia (Siberia). The var. turgida is
frequently associated with Antheria juratzkana, Barbilophozia binsteadii, B. kunzeana, Blepharostoma trichophyllum
subsp. brevirete,
Cephaloziella arctica, Lophozia ventricosa,
and Odontoschisma macounii; The plants grow to 4 mm in width and
the perianth is strongly ciliate-dentate with teeth 4--6 cells long, and
2--4-stratose at base in contrast to 1--3-stratose in subsp. quinquedentata.
6.
Tritomaria scitula (T. Taylor) E. H. Jörgensen, Bergens Mus.Aarbok, Naturv. 7: 9. 1921 Jungermannia scitula T. Taylor, London J.
Bot. 5: 274. 1846 Plants ca. 0-5--1.5 cm x 1.5--2 mm,
prostrate-ascending, green-brownish. Stems 0.33--0.35 mm in diam.,
sparsely branching, transverse section with 1--2 cortical cells and 12--16
medullary cells; rhizoids numerous, colorless. Leaves succubous,
imbricate, canaliculate, ovate-oblong, 0.7--1 x 0.6--0.8 mm, unequally
3-lobed (occasionally 2--4-lobed); lobes acute to subacute, sinus between
lobes shallow (0.2--0.3 of the leaf length), apex rounded to truncated,
margins entire; cells subquadrate, marginal cells 16--22 x 24--30 /um, median
cells 22--28 x 26--36 /um, basal cells 25--30 x 35--55 /um, cuticle
verruculose, walls thin, trigones large (weakly bulging); oil bodies 4--10
per cell, spherical to ovoid, 5--8 x 5--10 /um, papillose; underleaves
absent. Specialized asexual reproduction by gemmae in masses at apices
of shoots and tips of leaf lobes, reddish-brown, polygonal, 16--24 x 20--30 x
15--25 /um, 1--2-celled, smooth. Sexual condition dioicous. Androecia
terminal, male bracts similar to leaves, 2-androus, antheridial stalk
1-seriate. Gynoecia terminal, female bracts larger than leaves,
broadly oblong, 3--4-lobed with acute sinuses. Perianths cylindrical,
4--5- plicate, mouth ciliated with teeth 2--5 cells long. Capsule ovoid,
wall 4-stratose, both outer and interior walls with nodular thickenings,
yellowish-brown. Elaters ca. 9 /um in diam., 2-spiral, brownish. Spores
14--16 /um, papillose, brownish. With other bryophytes
on calcareous soil and decayed wood; 0--3500 m; e, w, nw
Greenland; Alta., B.C., N.B., N.W.T., Nun., Que., Yukon; Alaska, Mich.,
Minn., Mont., Wis.; Europe. The sporophyte of Tritomaria scitula is
very rare. Tritomaria scitula is
frequently associated with Anastrophyllum minutum, Barbilophozia binsteadii, B. floerkei, B. lycopodioides, B. quadriloba, Blepharostoma trichophyllum
subsp. brevirete,
Cephalozia pleniceps, Jungermannia sphaerocarpa, Leiocolea heterocolpos, Odontoschisma
macounii,
Plagiochila
asplenioides,
Tritomaria
exsectiformis,
T. quinquidentata, Scapania cuspiduligera, and S. mucronata. OTHER REFERENCES Grolle, R. and D. G.
Long. 2000. An annotated check-list of the Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of
Europe and Macaronesia. J. Bryol. 22: 103--140. Schuster, R.M. 1958.
Notes on Nearctic Hepaticae XIII The genus Tritomaria (Lophoziaceae) in Arctic Canada.
Canad. Jour. Bot. 36: 269--288. Schuster, R. M. 1988.
The Hepaticae of South Greenland. Nova Hedwigia. Berlin. Vol. 92. Schuster,
R.M. & K. Damsholt. 1974. The Hepaticae of west Greenland from ca. 60° N
to 72° N. Copenhagen. |
