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BFNA Title: Sematophyllaceae |
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XX.
SEMATOPHYLLACEAE Brotherus in A. Engler & K. Prantl W. B. Schofield† Plants small to robust, mat-forming, reclining,
usually glossy golden to yellow green, 1--20 cm, irregularly to pinnately
branched, complanate or not. Stem usually reddish;
pseudoparaphyllia foliose or filamentous.
Stem leaves erect-spreading,
wide-spreading, falcate-secund or homomallous, lanceolate to broadly ovate,
tapering gradually or abruptly to a long or short often-toothed acumen; costa
absent or short and double; cells smooth or papillose (serially or
1-papillose), usually flexuose, elongate- or short-hexagonal, occasionally
linear medially; alar cells usually in well-defined colored groups, the
proximal row often strongly elongate and inflated, or not inflated and with
thicker walls. Branch leaves usually
smaller and narrower, with alar cells less strongly differentiated. Specialized
asexual reproduction by flagelliferous branches or axillary filamentous
propagula. Sexual condition dioicous or autoicous. Seta
elongate, smooth or rough, usually reddish brown. Capsule inclined or erect, cylindric or ovoid, exothecial cells commonly
collenchymatous and irregularly thickened; peristome generally double;
operculum usually rostrate. Calyptra cucullate
[mitrate]. Genera 40 (8
in the flora): predominantly tropical to temperate regions. Based on the
genera in our area, the Sematophyllaceae is a reasonably coherent one, but in
the tropics the boundaries are more difficult to define. SELECTED
LITERATURE: Crum, H. A.and L. E. Anderson. 1981.
Mosses of 1.
Leaf cells serially papillose . . . 8.
Taxithelum 1.
Leaf cells smooth or prorate. 2.
Alar cells enlarged but mostly quadrate or rectangular, thick-walled
with middle lamella apparent . . . 6. Heterophyllium 2.
Alar cells usually with a row of rounded, inflated cells, usually with
thin walls. 3.
Alar cells in a single row of colored, inflated, elongate cells with
differentiated supra-alar cells not apparent . . . 1. Acroporium 3.
Alar cells in more than one
row or with supra-alar cells differentiated. 4.
Sporangium erect, peristome single . . . 4. Donnellia 4.
Sporangium usually inclined, peristome double, or lacking sporophytes. 5.
Stem leaves entire throughout . . . 2. Sematophyllum 5.
Stem leaves toothed near apex. 6.
Plants complanate-foliate, leaves falcate-secund, especially at shoot
and branch apices . . . 5. Brotherella 6.
Plants not complanate-foliate, leaves usually not falcate-secund, but
often homomallous. 7.
Stem-leaves broadly ovate, abruptly tapering to apex . . . 3. Hageniella 7. Stem
leaves ovate-lanceolate, gradually tapering to apex . . . 7. Pylaisiadelpha |