$


 Aa brevis Schltr.


Aa brevis Schltr. = Myrosmodes breve (Schltr.) Garay

Reference: FP 1438: 102; Garay, L. A., 1978: 168; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx. 


$


 Aa calceata (Rchb. f.) Schltr.



Aa calceata (Rchb. f.) Schltr.

Synonyms: Aa calceata Rchb. f.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 94; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Aa chiogena Schltr.


Aa chiogena Schltr. = Myrosmodes chiogena (Schltr.)

Reference: FP 1438: 94. 


$


 Aa erosa (Rchb. f.) Schltr.



Aa erosa (Rchb. f.) Schltr.

Synonyms: Aa erosa Rchb. f.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 96; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Aa inaequalis (Rchb. f.) Schltr.



Aa inaequalis (Rchb. f.) Schltr.

Synonyms: Aa inaequalis Rchb. f.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 97; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Aa lechleri Schltr.


Aa lechleri Schltr. = Aa mathewsii (Rchb. f.) Schltr.

Reference: FP 1438: 100. 


$


 Aa mandonii (Rchb. f.) Schltr.



Aa mandonii (Rchb. f.) Schltr.

Synonyms: Aa mandonii Rchb. f.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 98; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Aa mathewsii (Rchb. f.) Schltr.



Aa mathewsii (Rchb. f.) Schltr.

Synonyms: Aa mathewsii Rchb. f., Aa mathewsii Schltr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 100; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands. 3500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Smith 12424 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco.


$


 Aa nubigena (Rchb. f.) Schltr.


Aa nubigena (Rchb. f.) Schltr. = Myrosmodes nubigenum Rchb. f.

Reference: FP 1438: 101; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Aa paleacea (Kunth) Rchb. f.



Aa paleacea (Kunth) Rchb. f.

Synonyms: Aa paleacea (Kunth) Kunth, Aa paleacea Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 101; Garay, L. A., 1978: 166; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: bogs, disturbed areas, grasslands, rocky slopes, shrublands. 3500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Smith et al. 12202 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Aa paludosa (Rchb. f.) Schltr.


Aa paludosa (Rchb. f.) Schltr. = Myrosmodes paludosum (Rchb. f.) Garay

Reference: FP 1438: 102; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Aa pumilio Schltr.


Aa pumilio Schltr. = Myrosmodes nubigenum Rchb. f.

Reference: FP 1438: 102; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Aa rosei Ames



Aa rosei Ames

Synonyms: Aa rosei (Ames) L.O. Williams
Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 103; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: grasslands. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Rose & Rose 19039* 
Departments: Cuzco, Puno.


$


 Aa weberbaueri (Rchb. f.) Schltr.



Aa weberbaueri (Rchb. f.) Schltr.

Synonyms: Aa weberbaueri (Schlechter) C. Schweinf., Aa weberbaueri Kraenzlin ex Weberbauer, nom. illeg. pro syn.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 103; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 2500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 283 
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Aa weddelliana (Rchb. f.) Schltr.



Aa weddelliana (Rchb. f.) Schltr.

Synonyms: Aa weddelliana Rchb. f.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 104; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Abarema jupunba (Willd.) Britton & Killip



Abarema jupunba (Willd.) Britton & Killip

Synonyms: Abarema jupunba (Vahl) Benth., Abarema jupunba (Vahl) Moldenke, Abarema jupunba (Willd.) Urb., Abarema jupunba Vahl, Abarema jupunba Willd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 56; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 160; Rico, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, seasonally inundated areas, swamps. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & Jaramillo 57990 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Abatia boliviana (Mandon & Wedd. ex Hook. f.) Britton


Abatia boliviana (Mandon & Wedd. ex Hook. f.) Britton = Abatia stellata Lillo

Reference: FP 732: 19; Sleumer, H., 1980: 52. 


$


 Abatia canescens Sleumer



Abatia canescens Sleumer

Reference: Flora Peru: 732: 20; Sleumer, H., 1980: 51. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I-II: forests. 1000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7099* (F), Ferreyra 15685 (US)
Departments: Lambayeque, Piura.


$


 Abatia glomerata (Miquel) Radlk.


Abatia glomerata (Miquel) Radlk. = Pouteria glomerata (Miq.) Radlk. subsp. glomerata 

$


 Abatia macrostachya Killip


Abatia macrostachya Killip = Abatia spicata (Turcz.) Sleumer

Reference: FP 732: 21; Sleumer, H., 1980: 53. 


$


 Abatia parviflora Ruiz & Pav.



Abatia parviflora Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Abatia parviflora Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 732: 20; Sleumer, H., 1980: 55. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I-II: cloud forests. 1000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n. [in 1780]* (MA), Hutchison et al. 5929 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Piura.


$


 Abatia rugosa Ruiz & Pav.



Abatia rugosa Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Flora Peru: 732: 21; Sleumer, H., 1980: 54. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: forests. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n. [in 1787]* (MA), Woytkowski 34094 (MO)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Abatia spicata (Turcz.) Sleumer



Abatia spicata (Turcz.) Sleumer

Synonyms: Abatia spicata Killip, Abatia spicata Turcz.
Reference: Flora Peru: 732: 21; Sleumer, H., 1980: 53. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: forests. 1500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 1204* (CW), Weberbauer 5838 (F)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cuzco, Huancavelica.


$


 Abatia stellata Lillo



Abatia stellata Lillo

Synonyms: Abatia stellata (Mandon & Wedd. ex Hook. f.) Britton, Abatia stellata Mandon & Wedd. ex Hook. f.
Reference: Sleumer, H., 1980: 52. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I-II: forests. 1000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 6870 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Puno.


$


 Abatia verbascifolia Kunth


Abatia verbascifolia Kunth = Abatia parviflora Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 732: 20; Sleumer, H., 1980: 55. 


$


 Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench



Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench

Synonyms: Abelmoschus esculentus L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 476; Robyns, A., 1966: 514. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 10123 (USM!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik.



Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik.

Synonyms: Abelmoschus manihot L.
Reference: Fryxell, P. A., 1988: 21; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 7. 
Ecology: Cultivated shrub. Andean I: disturbed areas. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: N&uacute;&ntilde;ez et al. 6778 
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Abelmoschus moschatus Medik.



Abelmoschus moschatus Medik.

Synonyms: Abelmoschus moschatus L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 476; Robyns, A., 1966: 515; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 8. 
Ecology: Introduced herb, shrub. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Noriega s.n. (USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Aberemoa guianensis Aubl.


Aberemoa guianensis Aubl. = Guatteria guianensis (Aubl.) R.E. Fr.

Reference: Maas, P. J. M., E. A. Mennega & L. Y. Th. Westra, 1987: 64. 


$


 Aberemoa hadrantha Diels


Aberemoa hadrantha Diels = Duguetia hadrantha (Diels) R.E. Fr.

Reference: FP 1277: 733. 


$


 Aberemoa longifolia (Aubl.) Baill.


Aberemoa longifolia (Aubl.) Baill. = Fusaea longifolia (Aubl.) Saff.

Reference: FP 1277: 729. 


$


 Aberemoa odorata Diels


Aberemoa odorata Diels = Duguetia odorata (Diels) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 1277: 732. 


$


 Aberemoa pedunculata Diels


Aberemoa pedunculata Diels = Cremastosperma pedunculatum (Diels) R.E. Fr.

Reference: FP 1277: 724. 


$


 Aberemoa peruviana R.E. Fr.


Aberemoa peruviana R.E. Fr. = Duguetia peruviana (R.E. Fr.) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 1277: 733. 


$


 Aberemoa quitarensis R.E. Fr.


Aberemoa quitarensis R.E. Fr. = Duguetia quitarensis Benth.

Reference: FP 1277: 732. 


$


 Aberemoa spixiana R.E. Fr.


Aberemoa spixiana R.E. Fr. = Duguetia spixiana Mart.

Reference: FP 1277: 734. 


$


 Ablania guianensis Aubl.


Ablania guianensis Aubl. = Sloanea guianensis (Aubl.) Benth.

Reference: FP 1301: 439; Smith Jr., C. E., 1954: 33. 


$


 Abroma mariae Mart.


Abroma mariae Mart. = Herrania mariae (Mart.) Decne. ex Goudot

Reference: FP 1304: 647; Schultes, R. E., 1958: 253. 


$


 Abroma nitida Poepp.


Abroma nitida Poepp. = Herrania nitida fo. nitida 

Reference: FP 1304: 648; Schultes, R. E., 1958: 257. 


$



$


 Abrus precatorius L.



Abrus precatorius L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 351; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 232. 
Ecology: Introduced herb, vine. Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 6869 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Abuta aristeguietae Krukoff & Barneby



Abuta aristeguietae Krukoff & Barneby

Reference: Barneby, R. C. & B. A. Krukoff, 1971: 43. 
Ecology. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 5541 (GH)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Abuta candicans Rich. ex DC.


Abuta candicans Rich. ex DC. = Curarea candicans (Rich. ex DC.) Barneby & Krukoff

Reference: FP 1274: 686; Barneby, R. C. & B. A. Krukoff, 1971: 12. 
Note: NN  


$


 Abuta concolor Poepp. & Endl.


Abuta concolor Poepp. & Endl. = Abuta grandifolia (Mart.) Sandwith

Reference: FP 1274: 698. 


$


 Abuta duckei Diels


Abuta duckei Diels = Telitoxicum duckei (Diels) Moldenke

Reference: Krukoff, B. A. & H. N. Moldenke, 1938: 48. 


$


 Abuta ecuadorensis Moldenke


Abuta ecuadorensis Moldenke = Abuta pahnii (Martius) Krukoff & Barneby

Reference: Krukoff, B. A. & R. C. Barneby, 1970: 17. 


$


 Abuta fluminum Krukoff & Barneby



Abuta fluminum Krukoff & Barneby

Reference: Krukoff, B. A. & R. C. Barneby, 1972: 38. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 4685 (NY!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Abuta grandifolia (Mart.) Sandwith



Abuta grandifolia (Mart.) Sandwith

Synonyms: Abuta grandifolia Mart., Abuta grandifolia Poepp. & Endl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1274: 698; Barneby, R. C. & B. A. Krukoff, 1971: 51. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub, tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez et al. 12376 (NY!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Abuta grisebachii Triana & Planch.



Abuta grisebachii Triana & Planch.

Reference: Krukoff, B. A. & H. N. Moldenke, 1938: 68. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Mathias & Taylor 3775 (NY!, USM!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Abuta imene (Mart.) Eichler



Abuta imene (Mart.) Eichler

Synonyms: Abuta imene Mart., Abuta imene Moldenke
Reference: Barneby, R. C. & B. A. Krukoff, 1971: 46. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Barbour 5531 (NY!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco.


$


 Abuta klugii Moldenke


Abuta klugii Moldenke = Abuta imene (Mart.) Eichler

Reference: FP 1274: 699; Barneby, R. C. & B. A. Krukoff, 1971: 46. 


$


 Abuta macrocarpa Moldenke in Krukoff & Moldenke



Abuta macrocarpa Moldenke in Krukoff & Moldenke

Reference: Krukoff, B. A. & R. C. Barneby, 1970: 6. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Mathias & Taylor 4068 (USM!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Abuta mycetandra Krukoff & Barneby



Abuta mycetandra Krukoff & Barneby

Reference: Barneby, R. C. & B. A. Krukoff, 1971: 45. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Mathias & Taylor 5604* (NY!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Abuta obovata Diels



Abuta obovata Diels

Reference: Barneby, R. C. & B. A. Krukoff, 1971: 48. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Lewis et al. 14386 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Abuta pahnii (Martius) Krukoff & Barneby



Abuta pahnii (Martius) Krukoff & Barneby

Synonyms: Abuta pahnii Martius, Abuta pahnii Moldenke
Reference: Barneby, R. C. & B. A. Krukoff, 1971: 43. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 11771 (NY!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Abuta rufescens Aubl.



Abuta rufescens Aubl.

Reference: Barneby, R. C. & B. A. Krukoff, 1971: 37. 
Ecology. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 10202 (NY!, USM!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Ucayali.


$


 Abuta sandwithiana Krukoff & Barneby



Abuta sandwithiana Krukoff & Barneby

Reference: Krukoff, B. A. & R. C. Barneby, 1970: 18. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 18511 (NY!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Abuta solimoesensis Krukoff & Barneby



Abuta solimoesensis Krukoff & Barneby

Reference: Barneby, R. C. & B. A. Krukoff, 1971: 48. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez 6048 (NY!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Abuta soukupii Moldenke



Abuta soukupii Moldenke

Reference: Krukoff, B. A. & H. N. Moldenke, 1947: 380. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Soukup 1466* (F)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Abuta splendida Krukoff & Moldenke



Abuta splendida Krukoff & Moldenke

Reference: Barneby, R. C. & B. A. Krukoff, 1971: 41. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 1970/23 (NY!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto.


$


 Abuta velutina Gleason



Abuta velutina Gleason

Reference: Barneby, R. C. & B. A. Krukoff, 1971: 48. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 8143 (NY!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Abutilon amplissimum var. subpeltata Ktze.


Abutilon amplissimum var. subpeltata Ktze. = Wissadula subpeltata (Ktze.) R.E. Fr.

Reference: FP 1302: 487. 


$


 Abutilon anderssonianum Garcke in Anderss.


Abutilon anderssonianum Garcke in Anderss. = Abutilon umbellatum (L.) Sweet

Reference: FP 1302: 503; Kearney, T. H., 1958: 212. 


$


 Abutilon arboreum (L. f.) Sweet



Abutilon arboreum (L. f.) Sweet

Synonyms: Abutilon arboreum L. f.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 492; Kearney, T. H., 1958: 214. 
Note: Not known from Peru. ; an African species (Kearney, 1958a).  


$


 Abutilon arequipense Ulbrich



Abutilon arequipense Ulbrich

Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 493; Kearney, T. H., 1958: 210. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 6863* (US!)
Departments: Arequipa.


$


 Abutilon aristulosum Schumann



Abutilon aristulosum Schumann

Reference: Schumann, K., 1891: 379. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 10110 (USM!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Abutilon auritum (Wall. ex Link) Sweet



Abutilon auritum (Wall. ex Link) Sweet

Synonyms: Abutilon auritum Wall. ex Link
Reference: Adams, C., 1972: 462. 
Note: Not reconfirmed. ;  Kearney (1958a) states that it is introdduced in Peru but cites no voucher. 


$


 Abutilon calycinum Presl


Abutilon calycinum Presl = Abutilon mollissimum (Cav.) Sweet

Reference: FP 1302: 498; Kearney, T. H., 1958: 214; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 15. 


$


 Abutilon chachapoyensis (Baker f.) Krapovickas


Abutilon chachapoyensis (Baker f.) Krapovickas = Tetrasida chachapoyensis (Baker) Fryxell & Fuertes

Reference: Krapovickas, A., 1969: 34; Fryxell, P. A. & J. Fuertes, 1992: 444. 


$


 Abutilon circinnatum (Willd. ex Spreng.) G. Don


Abutilon circinnatum (Willd. ex Spreng.) G. Don = Bastardia viscosa (L.) Kunth

Reference: Krapovickas, pers. comm.. 


$


 Abutilon cordatum Garcke & Schum.


Abutilon cordatum Garcke & Schum. = Abutilon dispermum (Hochreutiner) Fryxell

Reference: FP 1302: 494; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 12. 


$


 Abutilon crispum (L.) Medik.


Abutilon crispum (L.) Medik. = Herissantia crispa (L.) Brizicky

Reference: FP 1302: 494; Brizicky, G. K., 1968: 279; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 44. 


$


 Abutilon crispum var. svensonii J.F. Macbr.


Abutilon crispum var. svensonii J.F. Macbr. = Herissantia crispa (L.) Brizicky

Reference: FP 1302: 495. 


$


 Abutilon cymosum Triana & Planch.



Abutilon cymosum Triana & Planch.

Synonyms: Abutilon cymosum Seem.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 495; Robyns, A., 1966: 575. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Abutilon dianthum C. Presl



Abutilon dianthum C. Presl

Synonyms: Abutilon dianthum R.E. Fr., Abutilon dianthum R.E. Fr.
Reference: Schumann, K., 1891: 415; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 10. 
Ecology. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (W photo F!), Ferreyra 9354 (USM!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Abutilon dispermum (Hochreutiner) Fryxell



Abutilon dispermum (Hochreutiner) Fryxell

Synonyms: Abutilon dispermum Garcke & Schum., Abutilon dispermum Hochreutiner, Abutilon dispermum Ulbr.
Reference: Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 12. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (G!), Ferreyra 10772 (USM!)
Departments: La Libertad, Piura.


$


 Abutilon excelsior (Cav.) G. Don


Abutilon excelsior (Cav.) G. Don = Wissadula excelsior (Cav.) C. Presl

Reference: Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 134. 


$


 Abutilon ferrugineum Kunth


Abutilon ferrugineum Kunth = Wissadula ferruginea (Kunth) Garcke & Schum.

Reference: FP 1302: 483; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 134. 
Note: NN  


$


 Abutilon foetidum (Cav.) Moench


Abutilon foetidum (Cav.) Moench = Bastardia viscosa (L.) Kunth

Reference: Fryxell, P. A., 1988: 117. 


$


 Abutilon giganteum (Jacq.) Sweet



Abutilon giganteum (Jacq.) Sweet

Synonyms: Abutilon giganteum Jacq.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 495; Robyns, A., 1966: 576. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, rocky slopes, riversides. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 4552 (USM!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Abutilon grandifolium (Willd.) Sweet



Abutilon grandifolium (Willd.) Sweet

Synonyms: Abutilon grandifolium (Ortega) Sweet, nom. illeg., Abutilon grandifolium Ortega, Abutilon grandifolium Schumann, Abutilon grandifolium Willd.
Reference: Kearney, T. H., 1958: 215; Krapovickas, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: L&ouml;pez 726 (SMF!)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Abutilon grewiifolium (Ulbrich) Krapovickas



Abutilon grewiifolium (Ulbrich) Krapovickas

Synonyms: Abutilon grewiifolium (Ulbrich) Hochreutiner ex J. F. Macbride, Abutilon grewiifolium Ulbrich
Reference: Krapovickas, A., 1969: 39. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Abutilon hirtum (Lam.) Sweet



Abutilon hirtum (Lam.) Sweet

Synonyms: Abutilon hirtum (Lam.) Griseb., Abutilon hirtum Lam.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 496; Kearney, T. H., 1958: 214. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Region uncertain: disturbed areas. . 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 21521 
Departments: Lima.


$


 Abutilon indicum (L.) Sweet



Abutilon indicum (L.) Sweet

Synonyms: Abutilon indicum L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 496; Kearney, T. H., 1958: 208. 
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Region uncertain: disturbed areas. . 
Voucher: Cook & Gilbert 1394 
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Abutilon indicum var. hirtum (Lam.) Griseb.


Abutilon indicum var. hirtum (Lam.) Griseb. = Abutilon hirtum (Lam.) Sweet

Reference: FP 1302: 496; Schumann, K., 1891: 384. 


$


 Abutilon lateritium Ulbrich


Abutilon lateritium Ulbrich = Abutilon reflexum (Lam.) Sweet

Reference: FP 1302: 497; Burandt, C. L. & P. A. Fryxell, 1990: 54; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 17. 


$


 Abutilon longipes Ulbrich



Abutilon longipes Ulbrich

Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 497; Kearney, T. H., 1958: 214. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Probably only a variety of A. peruvianum (Kearney, 1958a).  
Voucher: Weberbauer 5599* (US!), Cook & Gilbert 274 
Departments: Ayacucho.


$


 Abutilon mendocinum Philippi


Abutilon mendocinum Philippi = Abutilon virgatum (Cav.) Sweet

Reference: FP 1302: 504; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 20. 


$


 Abutilon molle (Ortega) Sweet, nom. illeg.


Abutilon molle (Ortega) Sweet, nom. illeg. = Abutilon grandifolium (Willd.) Sweet

Reference: Kearney, T. H., 1958: 215; Krapovickas, pers. comm.. 


$


 Abutilon mollissimum (Cav.) Sweet



Abutilon mollissimum (Cav.) Sweet

Synonyms: Abutilon mollissimum Cav., Abutilon mollissimum L'Heritier, Abutilon mollissimum Presl
Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 498; Kearney, T. H., 1958: 214; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 15. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests, rocky slopes. 500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (MA), Ferreyra 1191 (USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Abutilon multiflorum R.E. Fr.



Abutilon multiflorum R.E. Fr.

Reference: Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 16. 
Ecology. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Without collection data.  


$


 Abutilon myrianthum (Planchon & Linden ex Triana & Planchon) Krapov.



Abutilon myrianthum (Planchon & Linden ex Triana & Planchon) Krapov.

Synonyms: Abutilon myrianthum (Planchon & Linden ex Triana & Planchon) Fuertes & Fryxell, Abutilon myrianthum Planchon & Linden ex Triana & Planchon
Reference: Krapovickas, A., 1969: 40; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 30. 
Ecology. 1000-2000 m. 
Note: Fryxell (1992: 30) accepts B. myrianthus with A. myrianthum and S. myriantha as synonyms. 
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 3462 (P!)
Departments: Lambayeque.


$


 Abutilon nigripunctulatum Ulbrich



Abutilon nigripunctulatum Ulbrich

Synonyms: Abutilon nigripunctulatum (Ulbrich) R.E. Fr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 488. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: dry valleys. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 5301* (B photo F), Ferreyra 11081 (USM!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Lima.


$


 Abutilon nudiflorum (L'H&eacute;r.) Sweet


Abutilon nudiflorum (L'H&eacute;r.) Sweet = Wissadula stellata (Cav.) Schum.

Reference: FP 1302: 486; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 137. 


$


 Abutilon pauciflorum St. Hilaire



Abutilon pauciflorum St. Hilaire

Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 499; Kearney, T. H., 1958: 209. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Included in the Flora of Peru as expected; Kearney (1958a) gives its distribution as Southern Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Argentina. 


$


 Abutilon pedunculare Kunth



Abutilon pedunculare Kunth

Synonyms: Abutilon pedunculare (Kunth) DC., Abutilon pedunculare Ulbrich
Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 499; Burandt, C. L. & P. A. Fryxell, 1990: 51. 
Ecology: Endemic herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests, rocky slopes. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland 3644* (P photo F!), Croat 58307 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca.


$


 Abutilon peruvianum (Lam.) Kearney



Abutilon peruvianum (Lam.) Kearney

Synonyms: Abutilon peruvianum Lam., Abutilon peruvianum Poir.
Reference: Kearney, T. H., 1958: 214. 
Ecology: Native shrub, treelet. Andean II: forests. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: D&iacute;az & Beltran 3369 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cuzco.


$


 Abutilon pionense Ulbrich


Abutilon pionense Ulbrich = Abutilon pedunculare Kunth

Reference: FP 1302: 499; Burandt, C. L. & P. A. Fryxell, 1990: 51. 


$


 Abutilon piurense Ulbrich



Abutilon piurense Ulbrich

Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 500; Burandt, C. L. & P. A. Fryxell, 1990: 53. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I-II: forests. 500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6010* (B photo F!), Barbour 2143 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Abutilon pulverulentum Ulbrich


Abutilon pulverulentum Ulbrich = Sidasodes jamesonii (Baker f. ) Fryxell & Fuertes

Reference: FP 1302: 500; Kearney, T. H., 1958: 212; Fryxell, P. A. & J. Fuertes, 1992: 440. 


$


 Abutilon ramiflorum St. Hilaire



Abutilon ramiflorum St. Hilaire

Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 501; Kearney, T. H., 1958: 210. 
Ecology. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 3426 (USM!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque.


$


 Abutilon reflexum (Lam.) Sweet



Abutilon reflexum (Lam.) Sweet

Synonyms: Abutilon reflexum L'Heritier, Abutilon reflexum Lam., Abutilon reflexum Ulbrich
Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 501; Burandt, C. L. & P. A. Fryxell, 1990: 54; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 17. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas, dry valleys, rocky slopes. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Goodspeed et al. 30211 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Lima, La Libertad, Piura, Tumbes.


$


 Abutilon rufinerve Seem.


Abutilon rufinerve Seem. = Abutilon cymosum Triana & Planch.

Reference: FP 1302: 495; Robyns, A., 1966: 575. 


$


 Abutilon sordidium Schumann


Abutilon sordidium Schumann = Abutilon grandifolium (Willd.) Sweet

Reference: FP 1302: 498; Krapovickas, pers. comm.. 


$


 Abutilon spicatum Kunth


Abutilon spicatum Kunth = Briquetia spicata (Kunth) Fryxell

Reference: FP 1302: 489; Fryxell, P. A., 1988: 136; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 32. 


$


 Abutilon striatum Dicks. ex Lindl.



Abutilon striatum Dicks. ex Lindl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 502; Kearney, T. H., 1958: 202; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 18. 
Ecology. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Soukup 563 
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Abutilon sylvaticum (Cav.) Schumann



Abutilon sylvaticum (Cav.) Schumann

Synonyms: Abutilon sylvaticum Cav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 502; Kearney, T. H., 1958: 204; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 12. 
Ecology: Native shrub. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (MA photo F!), Klug 4339 (MO!)


$


 Abutilon sylvaticum subsp. buchtienii R.E. Fr.


Abutilon sylvaticum subsp. buchtienii R.E. Fr. = Abutilon dianthum C. Presl

Reference: FP 1302: 503; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 10. 


$


 Abutilon sylvaticum subsp. klugii R.E. Fr.


Abutilon sylvaticum subsp. klugii R.E. Fr. = Abutilon dianthum C. Presl

Reference: FP 1302: 503; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 10. 


$


 Abutilon tulla (Ulbr.) Krapovickas



Abutilon tulla (Ulbr.) Krapovickas

Synonyms: Abutilon tulla Ulbr.
Reference: Krapovickas, A., 1969: 43; Krapovickas, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Cook & Gilbert 1505* (US!), Weddell 4757 (P!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Abutilon umbellatum (L.) Sweet



Abutilon umbellatum (L.) Sweet

Synonyms: Abutilon umbellatum Garcke in Anderss., Abutilon umbellatum L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 503; Kearney, T. H., 1958: 211; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 19. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I, Coastal: dry valleys. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra et al. 10560 (USM!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Piura, Tumbes.


$


 Abutilon virgatum (Cav.) Sweet



Abutilon virgatum (Cav.) Sweet

Synonyms: Abutilon virgatum Cav., Abutilon virgatum Philippi
Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 504; Kearney, T. H., 1958: 212; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 20. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: Hort. Madrid  ex Peru* (MA, K), Iltis et al. 619 (USM!, MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Amazonas, Lima.


$


 Abutilon weberbaueri Ulbrich


Abutilon weberbaueri Ulbrich = Bastardia bivalvis (Cav.) Kunth

Reference: FP 1302: 504; Kearney, T. H., 1958: 212; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 27. 


$


 Abutilothamnus grewiifolius Ulbrich


Abutilothamnus grewiifolius Ulbrich = Abutilon grewiifolium (Ulbrich) Krapovickas

Reference: FP 1302: 578; Krapovickas, A., 1969: 39; Fryxell, P. A., 1985: 273. 
Note: NN  


$


 Acacallis coerulea (Reichenbach f.) Schltr.


Acacallis coerulea (Reichenbach f.) Schltr. = Acacallis fimbriata (Rchb. f.) Schltr.

Reference: FP 1473: 653; Romero, pers. comm.. 


$


 Acacallis cyanea Lindl.



Acacallis cyanea Lindl.

Synonyms: Acacallis cyanea (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: forests on white sand. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 28881 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Acacallis fimbriata (Rchb. f.) Schltr.



Acacallis fimbriata (Rchb. f.) Schltr.

Synonyms: Acacallis fimbriata (Reichenbach f.) Schltr., Acacallis fimbriata Rchb. f., Acacallis fimbriata Rchb. f.
Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: forests on white sand. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: van der Werff et al. 10192 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Acacia acantholoba Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.


Acacia acantholoba Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. = Mimosa acantholoba (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Poir. var. acantholoba 

Reference: FP 21: 86; Barneby, R. C., 1991: 106. 


$


 Acacia adiantoides Sprengel


Acacia adiantoides Sprengel = Piptadenia adiantoides (Sprengel) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 21: 101; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 116. 
Note: NN  


$


 Acacia altiscandens Ducke



Acacia altiscandens Ducke

Synonyms: Acacia altiscandens (Ducke) Spegazzini
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 76; Silva, A. S. L. da, 1990: 182. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 46201 (MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios.


$


 Acacia angustisiliqua (Lam.) Desf.


Acacia angustisiliqua (Lam.) Desf. = Desmanthus virgatus (L.) Willd.

Reference: Luckow, M. A., 1989: 389. 


$


 Acacia arborea (L.) Willd.


Acacia arborea (L.) Willd. = Cojoba arborea (L.) Britton & Rose

Reference: Rico, pers. comm.. 


$


 Acacia boliviana Rusby



Acacia boliviana Rusby

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 76; Rico, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Acacia caduca Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.


Acacia caduca Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. = Mimosa caduca (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Poir.

Reference: FP 21: 87; Barneby, R. C., 1991: 173. 


$


 Acacia cebil Griseb.


Acacia cebil Griseb. = Anadenanthera colubrina var. cebil (Griseb.) Reis

Reference: Altschul, S. von R., 1964: 53; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 120. 


$


 Acacia farnesiana (L.) Willd.



Acacia farnesiana (L.) Willd.

Synonyms: Acacia farnesiana (L.) Raf., Acacia farnesiana (L.) Wight & Arn., Acacia farnesiana L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 77; Duke, J. A., 1981: 5; Clarke, H. D., D. S. Seigler, & J. E. Ebinger, 1989: 559. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: semi-deciduous forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 37650 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Acacia flava Sprengel ex DC.


Acacia flava Sprengel ex DC. = Piptadenia flava (Sprengel ex DC.) Benth.

Reference: FP 21: 103; McVaugh, R., 1987: 231. 


$


 Acacia glauca (L.) Moench



Acacia glauca (L.) Moench

Reference: Howard, R. A., 1988: 339. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Acacia glomerosa Benth.


Acacia glomerosa Benth. = Acacia polyphylla DC.

Reference: FP 21: 77; Seigler, pers. comm.. 


$


 Acacia gonoacantha Mart.


Acacia gonoacantha Mart. = Piptadenia gonoacantha (Mart.) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Burkart, A., 1979: 274. 
Note: NN  


$


 Acacia grata Willd.


Acacia grata Willd. = Piptadenia grata (Willd.) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 21: 103. 
Note: NN  


$


 Acacia huarango Ruiz ex J.F. Macbr.



Acacia huarango Ruiz ex J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 78. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: riversides. 0-1000 m. 
Note: According to Seigler (pers. comm.), this species represents a form close to A. macracantha. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (F), Hutchison & Wright 6761 (UC, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Piura, Tumbes.


$


 Acacia huberi Ducke



Acacia huberi Ducke

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 78; Ducke, A., 1949: 52; Silva, A. S. L. da, 1990: 195. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, swamps. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & Jaramillo 57666 (MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios, Pasco.


$


 Acacia julibrissin (Durazz.) Willd.


Acacia julibrissin (Durazz.) Willd. = Albizia julibrissin Durazz.

Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1928: 44. 


$


 Acacia jupunba Willd.


Acacia jupunba Willd. = Abarema jupunba (Willd.) Britton & Killip

Reference: FP 21: 56; Rico, pers. comm.. 


$


 Acacia klugii Standl. ex J.F. Macbr.



Acacia klugii Standl. ex J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 78. 
Ecology: Endemic liana, shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality. .  
Voucher: Klug 4272* (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Acacia kuhlmannii Ducke



Acacia kuhlmannii Ducke

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 78; Silva, A. S. L. da, 1990: 198. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Mathias & Taylor 3494 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Loreto.


$


 Acacia lebbeck (L.) Willd.


Acacia lebbeck (L.) Willd. = Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth.

Reference: Burkart, A., 1979: 105. 


$


 Acacia lehmannii (Britton & Killip) J.F. Macbr.



Acacia lehmannii (Britton & Killip) J.F. Macbr.

Synonyms: Acacia lehmannii Britton & Killip
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 79. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Acacia leucocephala (Lam.) Link


Acacia leucocephala (Lam.) Link = Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit

Reference: Shaw, E. A. & B. G. Schubert, 1976: 117. 


$


 Acacia lophantha Willd.


Acacia lophantha Willd. = Paraserianthes lophantha (Willd.) I.C. Nielsen

Reference: FP 21: 47; Nielsen, I., Ph. Guinet & T. Baretta-Kuipers, 1983: 326. 


$


 Acacia loretensis J.F. Macbr.



Acacia loretensis J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 79; Ducke, A., 1949: 53. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, seasonally inundated areas, swamps. 0-1000 m. 
Note: Probably conspecific with A. macbridei (Rico, pers. comm.). 
Voucher: Schunke 157* (F), Lamotte 406 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Acacia macbridei Britton & Rose ex J.F. Macbr.



Acacia macbridei Britton & Rose ex J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 79. 
Ecology: Native liana, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, rocky slopes, swamps. 0-1000 m. 
Note: Probably conspecific with A. loretensis (Rico, pers. comm.). 
Voucher: Macbride 5326* (F), Young 157 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Pasco, Ucayali.


$


 Acacia macracantha Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.



Acacia macracantha Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.

Synonyms: Acacia macracantha Vogel
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 80; Carrillo, F. E., 1974: 48. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: beach, disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 2740 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Ica, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Piura, Tacna, Tumbes.


$


 Acacia macroloba Willd.


Acacia macroloba Willd. = Pentaclethra macroloba (Willd.) Kuntze

Reference: Schery, R. W., 1950: 313; Lewis, G. P. & P. E. Owen, 1989: 29. 


$


 Acacia magdalenae Bertero ex DC.


Acacia magdalenae Bertero ex DC. = Calliandra magdalenae (Bertero ex DC.) Benth.

Reference: Schery, R. W., 1950: 259. 


$


 Acacia melanoxylon R. Br.



Acacia melanoxylon R. Br.

Reference: Marticorena, C. & M. Quezada, 1985: 53. 
Ecology: Cultivated shrub. Andean I: disturbed areas, shrublands. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Ridoutt 10698 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Acacia multiflora Kunth


Acacia multiflora Kunth = Pithecellobium multiflorum (Kunth) Benth.

Reference: FP 21: 59. 


$


 Acacia multipinnata Ducke



Acacia multipinnata Ducke

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 80; Ducke, A., 1949: 53; Silva, A. S. L. da, 1990: 201; Grimes, J. W., 1992: 267. 


$


 Acacia pallida Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.


Acacia pallida Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. = Prosopis pallida (Humboldt & Bonpland ex Willdenow) Kunth

Reference: Burkart, A., 1976: 486. 


$


 Acacia paniculata Willd.


Acacia paniculata Willd. = Acacia tenuifolia (L.) Willd.

Reference: FP 21: 81; Ducke, A., 1949: 53; Silva, A. S. L. da, 1990: 205; Grimes, J. W., 1992: 267. 


$


 Acacia paniculiflora Steud.


Acacia paniculiflora Steud. = Mimosa myriadenia (Benth.) Benth. var. myriadenia 

Reference: FP 21: 91; Barneby, R. C., 1991: 29. 


$


 Acacia paraensis Ducke



Acacia paraensis Ducke

Synonyms: Acacia paraensis (Ducke) Spegazzini
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 81; Silva, A. S. L. da, 1990: 209. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Belshaw 3159 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Acacia pellacantha Vogel


Acacia pellacantha Vogel = Acacia macracantha Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.

Reference: FP 21: 80; Carrillo, F. E., 1974: 48. 


$


 Acacia polyphylla Clos


Acacia polyphylla Clos = Lysiloma polyphylla Benth.

Reference: FP 21: 74. 


$


 Acacia polyphylla DC.



Acacia polyphylla DC.

Synonyms: Acacia polyphylla (Benth.) Britton & Rose, Acacia polyphylla (DC.) Britton & Rose ex Britton & Killip, Acacia polyphylla Benth.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 82; Ducke, A., 1949: 52; Silva, A. S. L. da, 1990: 212; Seigler, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native liana, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, dry valleys, riversides, semi-deciduous forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 37851 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Acacia pulcherrima Willd.


Acacia pulcherrima Willd. = Stryphnodendron pulcherrimum (Willd.) Hochreutiner

Reference: FP 21: 105; Martins, E. M. O., 1981: 72; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 115. 


$


 Acacia revoluta Kunth


Acacia revoluta Kunth = Mimosa revoluta (Kunth) Benth.

Reference: FP 21: 94; Barneby, R. C., 1991: 56. 


$


 Acacia riparia Kunth



Acacia riparia Kunth

Synonyms: Acacia riparia (Kunth) Britton & Rose ex Britton & Killip, Acacia riparia Benth.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 82; Ducke, A., 1949: 52; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 115. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, rocky slopes, swamps. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Smith 1916 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Moquegua, Pasco, Piura, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Acacia strombulifera (Lam.) Willd.


Acacia strombulifera (Lam.) Willd. = Prosopis strombulifera (Lam.) Benth. var. strombulifera 

Reference: Burkart, A., 1976: 457. 
Note: NN  


$


 Acacia tenuifolia (L.) Willd.



Acacia tenuifolia (L.) Willd.

Synonyms: Acacia tenuifolia (L.) Britton & Rose, Acacia tenuifolia (Willd.) Killip ex Record, Acacia tenuifolia (Willd.) Poir., Acacia tenuifolia (Willd.) Spegazzini, Acacia tenuifolia Britton & Killip, Acacia tenuifolia Ducke, Acacia tenuifolia L., Acacia tenuifolia Willd.
Reference: Schery, R. W., 1950: 272; McVaugh, R., 1987: 138; Grimes, J. W., 1992: 267. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & D&iacute;az 58374 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Acacia trichodes (Jacq.) Willd.


Acacia trichodes (Jacq.) Willd. = Leucaena trichodes (Jacq.) Benth.

$


 Acacia tubulifera Benth.


Acacia tubulifera Benth. = Acacia riparia Kunth

Reference: FP 21: 82; Schery, R. W., 1950: 273. 


$


 Acacia virgata (L.) Gaertn.


Acacia virgata (L.) Gaertn. = Desmanthus virgatus (L.) Willd.

Reference: Luckow, M. A., 1989: 389. 


$


 Acacia viridiflora Kunth


Acacia viridiflora Kunth = Piptadenia viridiflora (Kunth) Benth.

Reference: FP 21: 104; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 118. 


$


 Acacia visco Lorentz ex Grisebach



Acacia visco Lorentz ex Grisebach

Reference: Marticorena, C. & M. Quezada, 1985: 53. 
Ecology: Introduced tree. Coastal: disturbed areas, riversides. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 4071 (MO!)
Departments: Tacna.


$


 Acacia weberbaueri Harms



Acacia weberbaueri Harms

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 83. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas. 0-3500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6209* (B photo F!), Barbour 4231 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Acaena argentea Ruiz & Pav.



Acaena argentea Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1117. 
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Andean II-III: grasslands. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Smith & V&aacute;squez 3284 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, La Libertad, Piura.


$


 Acaena cylindristachya Ruiz & Pav.



Acaena cylindristachya Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1117. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: cloud forests, grasslands. 3000-4000 m. 
Note: Misspelled in the Flora of Peru.15  
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA photo F!), Smith 8080 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco, Puno.


$


 Acaena elongata L.



Acaena elongata L.

Synonyms: Acaena elongata Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1117. 
Ecology. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui 11441 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima.


$


 Acaena lappacea Ruiz & Pav.


Acaena lappacea Ruiz & Pav. = Acaena elongata L.

Reference: FP 635: 1117. 


$


 Acaena ovalifolia Ruiz & Pav.



Acaena ovalifolia Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Acaena ovalifolia Bitter
Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1118. 
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Andean II-III: cloud forests, disturbed areas, grasslands, rocky slopes, shrublands. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 8595 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Piura, Puno.


$


 Acaena ovalifolia var. serrata Bitter


Acaena ovalifolia var. serrata Bitter = Acaena ovalifolia Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 635: 1118. 


$



$


 Acaena torilicarpa Bitter



Acaena torilicarpa Bitter

Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1118. 
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Andean II: cloud forests, grasslands. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 3158* (photo MO!), Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 9927 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Lima.


$


 Acalypha alopecuroides Jacq.



Acalypha alopecuroides Jacq.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 125. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Klug 4402 (F)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Acalypha amentacea Roxb.



Acalypha amentacea Roxb.

$


 Acalypha amentacea subsp.wilkesiana (M&uuml;ll. Arg.) Fosberg



Acalypha amentacea subsp. wilkesiana (M&uuml;ll. Arg.) Fosberg

Synonyms: Acalypha amentacea wilkesiana M&uuml;ll. Arg.
Reference: Fosberg, F. R. & M. H. Sachet, 1980: 10. 
Ecology: Cultivated shrub. Region uncertain: disturbed areas. . 
Voucher: Williams 2010 (F)


$


 Acalypha argomuelleri Briq.



Acalypha argomuelleri Briq.

Synonyms: Acalypha argomuelleri Pax & K. Hoffm.
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 125. 
Ecology. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* , Hutchison & Wright 5395 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca.


$


 Acalypha aristata Kunth



Acalypha aristata Kunth

$


 Acalypha aronioides Pax & K. Hoffm.



Acalypha aronioides Pax & K. Hoffm.

Synonyms: Acalypha aronioides M&uuml;ll. Arg.
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 125; Herrera, F. L., 1941: 289. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: forests, rocky slopes. 1500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 836* (USM), Herrera 2103 
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Puno.


$


 Acalypha arvensis Poepp.



Acalypha arvensis Poepp.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 126. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 2215* (W photo F!), Rimachi 8382 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Acalypha baenitzii Pax


Acalypha baenitzii Pax = Acalypha stenoloba M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: FP 674: 141. 


$


 Acalypha benensis Britton



Acalypha benensis Britton

Synonyms: Acalypha benensis Ule
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 127. 
Ecology. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: McDaniel 10825 (DAV)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Acalypha brachyclada M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Acalypha brachyclada M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 127. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   The type, Ruiz & Pavon s.n. (G-DC) is questionably from Peru. 


$


 Acalypha buddleifolia Pax & K. Hoffm.


Acalypha buddleifolia Pax & K. Hoffm. = Acalypha argomuelleri Briq.

Reference: FP 674: 125. 


$


 Acalypha bullata M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Acalypha bullata M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 128. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: forests. 2000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (G photo F!), Wurdack 828 (DAV)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Acalypha capillaris Rusby


Acalypha capillaris Rusby = Acalypha stenoloba M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: FP 674: 141. 


$


 Acalypha contermina M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Acalypha contermina M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 128. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. . 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (G photo F!)


$


 Acalypha cordifolia Griseb.


Acalypha cordifolia Griseb. = Acalypha plicata M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: FP 674: 137. 
Note: NN  


$


 Acalypha cuneata Poepp.



Acalypha cuneata Poepp.

Synonyms: Acalypha cuneata Benth.
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 135; Webster, G. L. & M. J. Huft, 1988: 1104. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (B), Gentry 54607 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Acalypha dictyoneura M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Acalypha dictyoneura M&uuml;ll. Arg.

$


 Acalypha dictyoneura var.dictyoneura J.F. Macbr.



Acalypha dictyoneura var. dictyoneura J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 128. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: forests. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews sn.* , Ellenberg 36946 (DAV)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca.


$


 Acalypha dictyoneura var.reducta (Muell. Arg.) J.F. Macbr.



Acalypha dictyoneura var. reducta (Muell. Arg.) J.F. Macbr.

Synonyms: Acalypha dictyoneura reducta M&uuml;ll. Arg.
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 129. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (B)


$


 Acalypha divaricata M&uuml;ll. Arg.


Acalypha divaricata M&uuml;ll. Arg. = Acalypha aronioides Pax & K. Hoffm.

Reference: FP 674: 125. 


$


 Acalypha diversifolia Jacq.



Acalypha diversifolia Jacq.

Synonyms: Acalypha diversifolia Poepp.
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 129. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Young 652 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Acalypha flabellifera Rusby


Acalypha flabellifera Rusby = Acalypha plicata M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: FP 674: 137. 
Note: NN  


$


 Acalypha forbesii S. Moore



Acalypha forbesii S. Moore

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 130. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. . 
Voucher: Forbes s.n.* 
Departments: Lima.


$


 Acalypha fulva I.M. Johnst.



Acalypha fulva I.M. Johnst.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 130. 
Ecology. 1500-2000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Macbride 4011* (F)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Acalypha hispida Burm. f.



Acalypha hispida Burm. f.

$


 Acalypha infesta Poepp.



Acalypha infesta Poepp.

$


 Acalypha infesta var.infesta



Acalypha infesta var. infesta 

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 131. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, riversides, rocky slopes, terra firme forests. 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 1701* (W), Croat 57789 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lima.


$


 Acalypha infesta var.rotundifolia (M. Vahl) M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Acalypha infesta var. rotundifolia (M. Vahl) M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 131. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Ru&iacute;z s.n.* (B photo MO!)


$


 Acalypha infesta var.stenoloba s



Acalypha infesta var. stenoloba s

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 131. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Acalypha macbridei I.M. Johnst.



Acalypha macbridei I.M. Johnst.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 132. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 5093* (F), Schunke 850 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto.


$


 Acalypha macrodonta M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Acalypha macrodonta M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 132. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. . 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (G photo MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho.


$


 Acalypha macrophylla Kunth ex Poepp.


Acalypha macrophylla Kunth ex Poepp. = Acalypha macrostachya Jacq.

Reference: FP 674: 133. 


$


 Acalypha macrophylla Ule


Acalypha macrophylla Ule = Acalypha stachyura Pax

Reference: FP 674: 140. 
Note: nom. illeg.  


$


 Acalypha macrostachya Jacq.



Acalypha macrostachya Jacq.

Synonyms: Acalypha macrostachya Kunth, Acalypha macrostachya Kunth ex Poepp., Acalypha macrostachya M&uuml;ll. Arg., Acalypha macrostachya Poepp.
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 133; Herrera, F. L., 1941: 290. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests, riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Foster 3275 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Acalypha mapirensis Pax



Acalypha mapirensis Pax

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 134. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Foster 9851 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Acalypha microgyne Poepp.


Acalypha microgyne Poepp. = Acalypha diversifolia Jacq.

Reference: FP 674: 129. 


$


 Acalypha obovata Benth.


Acalypha obovata Benth. = Acalypha cuneata Poepp.

Reference: FP 674: 135; Webster, G. L. & M. J. Huft, 1988: 1104. 


$


 Acalypha ovata Pax & K. Hoffm.


Acalypha ovata Pax & K. Hoffm. = Acalypha stenoloba M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: FP 674: 141. 


$


 Acalypha padifolia Kunth



Acalypha padifolia Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 135. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I-II: disturbed areas. 1000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Jones 9114 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque.


$


 Acalypha peruviana M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Acalypha peruviana M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 136. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Andean II: forests. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (B photo MO!), Vargas 3425 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Acalypha platyphylla M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Acalypha platyphylla M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 137. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Acalypha plicata M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Acalypha plicata M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Synonyms: Acalypha plicata Griseb., Acalypha plicata Rusby
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 137; Webster, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Acalypha reducta M&uuml;ll. Arg.


Acalypha reducta M&uuml;ll. Arg. = Acalypha dictyoneura var. reducta (Muell. Arg.) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 674: 129. 


$


 Acalypha reflexa M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Acalypha reflexa M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 138. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   The type, Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n., is questionably from Peru.  


$


 Acalypha ruiziana M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Acalypha ruiziana M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 138. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. . 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (B photo MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Acalypha salicifolia M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Acalypha salicifolia M&uuml;ll. Arg.

$



$


 Acalypha samydifolia Poepp.



Acalypha samydifolia Poepp.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 139. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 2122* (B photo MO!), Schunke  2516 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Acalypha scandens Benth.



Acalypha scandens Benth.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 140. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry 29519 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.


$


 Acalypha setosa A. Rich.



Acalypha setosa A. Rich.

Synonyms: Acalypha setosa Aresch.


$


 Acalypha sidaefolia Kunth


Acalypha sidaefolia Kunth = Acalypha macrostachya Jacq.

Reference: FP 674: 133. 


$


 Acalypha stachyura Pax



Acalypha stachyura Pax

Synonyms: Acalypha stachyura Ule
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 140. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 4347 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Acalypha stenoloba M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Acalypha stenoloba M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Synonyms: Acalypha stenoloba Pax, Acalypha stenoloba Pax & K. Hoffm., Acalypha stenoloba Rusby
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 141. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (M photo MO!), Rimachi 4975 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Acalypha stricta Poepp.



Acalypha stricta Poepp.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 142. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (G-DC), Gentry 23590 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Acalypha subandina Ule



Acalypha subandina Ule

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 143. 
Ecology. 1000-2000 m. 
Note: The type, #Ule 6840 (B) is from Brazil.  
Voucher: Ule 6840* (B photo MO!), Ellenberg 8963 (DAV)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Acalypha subbullata Pax & K. Hoffm.



Acalypha subbullata Pax & K. Hoffm.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 143. 
Ecology. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 1199* (W photo MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Acalypha subcastrata Aresch.


Acalypha subcastrata Aresch. = Acalypha setosa A. Rich.

Reference: FP 674: 143; Huft, pers. comm.. 


$


 Acalypha tarapotensis M&uuml;ll. Arg.


Acalypha tarapotensis M&uuml;ll. Arg. = Acalypha macrostachya Jacq.

Reference: FP 674: 133. 


$


 Acalypha tenuipes Pax & K. Hoffm.



Acalypha tenuipes Pax & K. Hoffm.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 144. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Acalypha tomentosula Ule


Acalypha tomentosula Ule = Acalypha benensis Britton

Reference: FP 674: 127. 


$


 Acalypha tristis Poepp.


Acalypha tristis Poepp. = Acalypha macrostachya Jacq.

Reference: FP 674: 133. 


$


 Acalypha villosa Jacq.



Acalypha villosa Jacq.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 144. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I: disturbed areas. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 4114 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Acalypha wilkesiana M&uuml;ll. Arg.


Acalypha wilkesiana M&uuml;ll. Arg. = Acalypha amentacea subsp. wilkesiana (M&uuml;ll. Arg.) Fosberg

Reference: FP 674: 145; Fosberg, F. R. & M. H. Sachet, 1980: 10. 


$


 Acantholobivia incuiensis (Rauh & Backeb.) Rauh & Backeb.


Acantholobivia incuiensis (Rauh & Backeb.) Rauh & Backeb. = Echinopsis tegeleriana (Backeb.) D.R. Hunt

Reference: Rauh, W., 1958: 471; Hunt, D., 1992: 33. 


$


 Acantholobivia tegeleriana (Backeb.) Backeb.


Acantholobivia tegeleriana (Backeb.) Backeb. = Echinopsis tegeleriana (Backeb.) D.R. Hunt

Reference: Rauh, W., 1958: 471; Ritter, F., 1981: 1329; Hunt, D., 1992: 33. 


$


 Acanthorhipsalis brevispina F. Ritter


Acanthorhipsalis brevispina F. Ritter = Lepismium brevispinum Barthlott

Reference: Barthlott, W., 1987: 99. 
Note: Barthlott (1987) noted that this name was invalid when published.  


$


 Acanthorhipsalis micrantha (Vaupel) Britton & Rose


Acanthorhipsalis micrantha (Vaupel) Britton & Rose = Lepismium micranthum (Vaupel) Barthlott

Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1923: 211; Hunt, D., 1992: 33. 


$


 Acanthospermum donii S.F. Blake


Acanthospermum donii S.F. Blake = Acanthospermum microcarpum B.L. Rob.

Reference: Blake, S. F., 1921: 389. 


$


 Acanthospermum hispidum DC.



Acanthospermum hispidum DC.

Reference: Blake, S. F., 1921: 386. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: disturbed areas. 500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 5283 (F!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Acanthospermum microcarpum B.L. Rob.



Acanthospermum microcarpum B.L. Rob.

Synonyms: Acanthospermum microcarpum S.F. Blake
Reference: Blake, S. F., 1921: 389. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 5978 (F!)
Departments: Piura, Tumbes.


$


 Acanthospermum simile S.F. Blake



Acanthospermum simile S.F. Blake

Reference: Blake, S. F., 1921: 388. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Haught F-55 (F!)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Acanthosphaera ulei Warb.


Acanthosphaera ulei Warb. = Naucleopsis ulei (Warb.) Ducke

Reference: FP 1233: 320; Berg, C. C., 1972: 139. 


$


 Acanthospora conantha Spreng.


Acanthospora conantha Spreng. = Guzmania strobilantha (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez

Reference: FP 1179: 573; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1977: 1331. 


$


 Acanthospora juncea (Ruiz & Pav.) Spreng.


Acanthospora juncea (Ruiz & Pav.) Spreng. = Tillandsia juncea (Ruiz & Pav.) Poir.

Reference: FP 1179: 555; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1977: 916. 


$


 Acanthostachys ananassoides Baker


Acanthostachys ananassoides Baker = Ananas ananassoides (Baker) L.B. Sm.

Reference: Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1977: 2052. 


$


 Acanthoxanthium spinosum (L.) Fourr.



Acanthoxanthium spinosum (L.) Fourr.

Synonyms: Acanthoxanthium spinosum L.
Reference: L&ouml;ve, D., 1975: 55. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: disturbed areas. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui 12727 (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Acaulimalva acaulis (Dombey ex Cavanilles) Krapovickas



Acaulimalva acaulis (Dombey ex Cavanilles) Krapovickas

Synonyms: Acaulimalva acaulis (Dombey ex Cavanilles) Gray, Acaulimalva acaulis Dombey ex Cavanilles
Reference: Krapovickas, A., 1974: 15. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 3000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Dombey 677* (P!), Ferreyra 18376 (USM!)
Departments: Ancash, Lima.


$


 Acaulimalva alismatifolia (Schumann & Hieronymus) Krapovickas



Acaulimalva alismatifolia (Schumann & Hieronymus) Krapovickas

Synonyms: Acaulimalva alismatifolia Schumann & Hieronymus
Reference: Krapovickas, A., 1974: 16. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: desert, disturbed areas. 3000-3500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Stuebel 39* (B photo F!), Sag&aacute;stegui 8118 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Acaulimalva betonicaefolia (Hill) Krapovickas



Acaulimalva betonicaefolia (Hill) Krapovickas

Synonyms: Acaulimalva betonicaefolia Baker, Acaulimalva betonicaefolia Hill
Reference: Krapovickas, A., 1974: 16. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: grasslands. 3500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Pearce s.n.* (K), Chanco 298 (USM!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Acaulimalva crenata (A.W. Hill) Krapovickas



Acaulimalva crenata (A.W. Hill) Krapovickas

Synonyms: Acaulimalva crenata A.W. Hill
Reference: Krapovickas, A., 1974: 18. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: disturbed areas, grasslands, rocky slopes, shrublands. 3500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 360* (B photo F!), Tovar 832 (USM!)
Departments: Ancash, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad, Pasco.


$


 Acaulimalva dryadifolia (Solms) Krapovickas



Acaulimalva dryadifolia (Solms) Krapovickas

Synonyms: Acaulimalva dryadifolia Solms, Acaulimalva dryadifolia Ulbrich
Reference: Krapovickas, A., 1974: 19. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands. 4000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: N&uacute;&ntilde;ez 7614 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Acaulimalva engleriana (Ulbrich) Krapovickas



Acaulimalva engleriana (Ulbrich) Krapovickas

Synonyms: Acaulimalva engleriana A.W. Hill, Acaulimalva engleriana Hill, Acaulimalva engleriana R.E. Fr., Acaulimalva engleriana Ulbrich
Reference: Krapovickas, A., 1974: 19. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands, rocky slopes. 2500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 2888* (B photo F!, MOL), Ferreyra 5497 (USM!)
Departments: Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad, Lima, Puno.


$


 Acaulimalva hillii Krapovickas



Acaulimalva hillii Krapovickas

Reference: Krapovickas, A., 1974: 21. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: grasslands. 3000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 3818* (CTES!), Tiller P889 (USM!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Acaulimalva nubigena (Walpers) Krapovickas



Acaulimalva nubigena (Walpers) Krapovickas

Synonyms: Acaulimalva nubigena (Walpers) Baker f., Acaulimalva nubigena R.E. Fr., Acaulimalva nubigena Turcz., Acaulimalva nubigena Walpers, Acaulimalva nubigena Wedd., Acaulimalva nubigena Wedd.
Reference: Krapovickas, A., 1974: 22. 
Ecology. 3500-4500 m. 
Voucher: E. Z. L. 40 (USM!)
Departments: Cuzco, Puno.


$


 Acaulimalva oriastrum (Wedd.) Krapovickas



Acaulimalva oriastrum (Wedd.) Krapovickas

Synonyms: Acaulimalva oriastrum (Wedd.) Baker, Acaulimalva oriastrum Wedd.
Reference: Krapovickas, A., 1974: 24. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Acaulimalva parnassiaefolia (Hooker) Krapov.



Acaulimalva parnassiaefolia (Hooker) Krapov.

Synonyms: Acaulimalva parnassiaefolia (Hooker) Gray, Acaulimalva parnassiaefolia (Hooker) Wedd., Acaulimalva parnassiaefolia Hooker
Reference: Krapovickas, A., 1974: 25; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 21. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: cloud forests, grasslands. 3500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Dillon & Turner 1608 (USM!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Acaulimalva rauhii (Hochreutiner) Krapovickas



Acaulimalva rauhii (Hochreutiner) Krapovickas

Synonyms: Acaulimalva rauhii Hochreutiner
Reference: Krapovickas, A., 1974: 28. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands. 3500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Rauh & Hirsh P261* (G), Aguilar s.n. (USM!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad.


$


 Acaulimalva rhizantha (Gray) Krapovickas



Acaulimalva rhizantha (Gray) Krapovickas

Synonyms: Acaulimalva rhizantha (Gray) Wedd., Acaulimalva rhizantha Gray
Reference: Krapovickas, A., 1974: 31. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: grasslands. 2500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Wilkes Expedition s.n.* (US15210), Tovar et al. 9635 (USM!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Huancavelica, Lima, Pasco.


$


 Acaulimalva richii (Gray) Krapovickas



Acaulimalva richii (Gray) Krapovickas

Synonyms: Acaulimalva richii (Gray) Wedd., Acaulimalva richii Gray
Reference: Krapovickas, A., 1974: 32. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: grasslands. 3500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Wilkes Exped. s.n.* (US), Tovar 7762 (USM!)
Departments: Ancash, Ayacucho, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Pasco.


$


 Acaulimalva stuebelii (Hieron.) Krapovickas



Acaulimalva stuebelii (Hieron.) Krapovickas

Synonyms: Acaulimalva stuebelii Hieron.
Reference: Krapovickas, A., 1974: 34. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Stuebel 38* (B photo F!), Pennell & Reichlin 15051 (USM!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Acaulimalva sulphurea Krapovickas



Acaulimalva sulphurea Krapovickas

Reference: Krapovickas, A., 1974: 34. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 2500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 4537* (CTES), Tovar 9514 (USM!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, La Libertad.


$


 Acaulimalva weberbaueri (Ulbrich) Krapovickas



Acaulimalva weberbaueri (Ulbrich) Krapovickas

Synonyms: Acaulimalva weberbaueri Ulbrich
Reference: Krapovickas, A., 1974: 35. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 2500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 2760* (B photo F!, MOL), Ferreyra 12173 (USM!)
Departments: Ancash.


$


 Acca domingensis O. Berg


Acca domingensis O. Berg = Acca macrostema (Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don) McVaugh

Reference: FP 760: 785; Landrum, L. R., 1986: 137. 


$


 Acca domingensis var. angustifolia O. Berg


Acca domingensis var. angustifolia O. Berg = Acca macrostema (Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don) McVaugh

Reference: FP 760: 785; Landrum, L. R., 1986: 137. 


$


 Acca domingensis var. latifolia O. Berg


Acca domingensis var. latifolia O. Berg = Acca macrostema (Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don) McVaugh

Reference: FP 760: 785; Landrum, L. R., 1986: 137. 


$


 Acca lanuginosa (Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don) McVaugh



Acca lanuginosa (Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don) McVaugh

Synonyms: Acca lanuginosa Burret, Acca lanuginosa O. Berg, Acca lanuginosa Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don
Reference: Flora Peru: 760: 784; Landrum, L. R., 1986: 135. 
Ecology. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (F!), Weberbauer 6712 (F!, USM)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica.


$


 Acca macrostema (Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don) McVaugh



Acca macrostema (Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don) McVaugh

Synonyms: Acca macrostema DC., Acca macrostema Jussieu ex DC., Acca macrostema O. Berg, Acca macrostema O. Berg, Acca macrostema O. Berg, Acca macrostema Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don
Reference: Flora Peru: 760: 785; Landrum, L. R., 1986: 137. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: rocky slopes, shrublands. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (frag. F!), Landrum 4576 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Acca peruviana O. Berg


Acca peruviana O. Berg = Acca lanuginosa (Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don) McVaugh

Reference: FP 760: 784; Landrum, L. R., 1986: 135. 


$


 Acca velutina Burret


Acca velutina Burret = Acca lanuginosa (Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don) McVaugh

Reference: FP 760: 784; Landrum, L. R., 1986: 135. 


$


 Acetosella amazonica (Progel) Kuntze


Acetosella amazonica (Progel) Kuntze = Oxalis barrelieri L.

Reference: FP 643: 555; Lourteig, A., 1983: 17. 


$


 Acetosella arenaria (Bertero ex Savi) Kuntze


Acetosella arenaria (Bertero ex Savi) Kuntze = Oxalis arenaria Bertero ex Savi

Reference: FP 643: 555. 


$


 Acetosella bipartita (A. St. Hilaire) Kuntze


Acetosella bipartita (A. St. Hilaire) Kuntze = Oxalis bipartita A. St. Hilaire

Reference: FP 643: 557; Lourteig, A., 1983: 127. 
Note: NN  


$


 Acetosella excisa (Progel) Kuntze


Acetosella excisa (Progel) Kuntze = Oxalis ortgiesii Regel

Reference: FP 643: 580; Knuth, R., 1930: 110. 


$


 Acetosella insipida (A. St. Hilaire) Kuntze


Acetosella insipida (A. St. Hilaire) Kuntze = Oxalis insipida A. St. Hilaire

Reference: Knuth, R., 1930: 69. 


$


 Acetosella longissima Kuntze


Acetosella longissima Kuntze = Oxalis longissima (Kuntze) Schumann

Reference: Knuth, R., 1930: 111. 


$


 Acetosella lotoides (H.B.K.) Kuntze


Acetosella lotoides (H.B.K.) Kuntze = Oxalis lotoides Kunth

Reference: FP 643: 570; Knuth, R., 1930: 138. 


$


 Acetosella medicaginea (H.B.K.) Kuntze


Acetosella medicaginea (H.B.K.) Kuntze = Oxalis medicaginea Kunth

Reference: FP 643: 574; Knuth, R., 1930: 136. 


$


 Acetosella megalorrhiza (Jacq.) Kuntze


Acetosella megalorrhiza (Jacq.) Kuntze = Oxalis megalorrhiza var. megalorrhiza 

Reference: FP 643: 574; Knuth, R., 1930: 184. 


$


 Acetosella melilotoides (Zucc.) Kuntze


Acetosella melilotoides (Zucc.) Kuntze = Oxalis melilotoides Zucc.

Reference: FP 643: 575; Knuth, R., 1930: 109. 


$


 Acetosella micrantha (Bertero ex Savi) Kuntze


Acetosella micrantha (Bertero ex Savi) Kuntze = Oxalis micrantha var. micrantha 

Reference: FP 643: 576; Knuth, R., 1930: 121. 


$


 Acetosella mollis (H.B.K.) Kuntze


Acetosella mollis (H.B.K.) Kuntze = Oxalis mollis var. mollis 

Reference: FP 643: 578. 


$


 Acetosella ortgiesii (Regel) Kuntze


Acetosella ortgiesii (Regel) Kuntze = Oxalis ortgiesii Regel

Reference: FP 643: 580; Knuth, R., 1930: 110. 


$


 Acetosella parvifolia (DC.) Kuntze


Acetosella parvifolia (DC.) Kuntze = Oxalis filiformis Kunth

Reference: FP 643: 582; Knuth, R., 1930: 166. 


$


 Acetosella peduncularis (H.B.K.) Kuntze


Acetosella peduncularis (H.B.K.) Kuntze = Oxalis peduncularis var. peduncularis 

Reference: FP 643: 583; Knuth, R., 1930: 188. 


$


 Acetosella poeppigii (Progel) Kuntze


Acetosella poeppigii (Progel) Kuntze = Oxalis lespedezioides G. Don

Reference: FP 643: 587; Knuth, R., 1930: 90. 


$


 Acetosella polyantha (Walpers) Kuntze


Acetosella polyantha (Walpers) Kuntze = Oxalis squamata Zucc.

Reference: FP 643: 587; Lourteig, A., 1988: 26. 
Note: NN  


$


 Acetosella psoraleoides (Kunth) Kuntze


Acetosella psoraleoides (Kunth) Kuntze = Oxalis psoraleoides Kunth

Reference: Knuth, R., 1930: 87. 


$


 Acetosella regnellii (Miquel) Kuntze


Acetosella regnellii (Miquel) Kuntze = Oxalis triangularis subsp. papilionacea (Hoffmannsegg ex Zuccarini) Lourteig

Reference: FP 643: 590. 
Note: NN  


$


 Acetosella tuberosa (Molina) Kuntze


Acetosella tuberosa (Molina) Kuntze = Oxalis tuberosa Molina

Reference: FP 643: 598; Knuth, R., 1930: 109. 


$


 Achania poeppigii Sprengel


Achania poeppigii Sprengel = Hibiscus poeppigii (Sprengel) Garcke

Reference: FP 1302: 475; Fryxell, P. A., 1988: 220. 
Note: NN  


$


 Achatocarpus mollis H. Walter


Achatocarpus mollis H. Walter = Achatocarpus pubescens C.H. Wright

Reference: FP 1261: 547. 


$


 Achatocarpus praecox Griseb.



Achatocarpus praecox Griseb.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1261: 548. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I-II: riversides, rocky slopes. 1000-2000 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 7039 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Achatocarpus pubescens C.H. Wright



Achatocarpus pubescens C.H. Wright

Synonyms: Achatocarpus pubescens H. Walter
Reference: Flora Peru: 1261: 547. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Coastal: riversides, rocky slopes. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: D&iacute;az & Balde&oacute;n 2324 (MO!)
Departments: Tumbes.


$


 Achillea millefolium L.



Achillea millefolium L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1417: 2. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb. Andean II: disturbed areas. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Brunel 477 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Achimenes albescens Rusby


Achimenes albescens Rusby = Gloxinia sylvatica (Kunth) Wiehler

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1976: 388. 


$


 Achimenes argyrostigma Hooker


Achimenes argyrostigma Hooker = Koellikeria erinoides (DC.) Mansf.

Reference: Mansfeld, R., 1935: 28. 


$


 Achimenes comifera DC.


Achimenes comifera DC. = Diastema comiferum (DC.) Bentham ex Walpers

Reference: Walpers, G., 1847: 403. 


$


 Achimenes divaricata (Poepp.) Walpers


Achimenes divaricata (Poepp.) Walpers = Phinaea divaricata (Poepp.) Wiehler

$


 Achimenes erinoides DC.


Achimenes erinoides DC. = Koellikeria erinoides (DC.) Mansf.

Reference: Mansfeld, R., 1935: 28. 


$


 Achimenes flaccida Rusby


Achimenes flaccida Rusby = Gloxinia purpurascens (Rusby) Wiehler

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1976: 387. 


$


 Achimenes gymnostoma (Griseb.) Fritsch


Achimenes gymnostoma (Griseb.) Fritsch = Gloxinia gymnostoma Griseb.

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1976: 389. 


$


 Achimenes heppielloides Fritsch


Achimenes heppielloides Fritsch = Gloxinia gymnostoma Griseb.

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1976: 389. 


$


 Achimenes mollis (Poepp.) Walpers


Achimenes mollis (Poepp.) Walpers = Diastema hispidum (DC.) Fritsch

Reference: Fritsch, K., 1914: 407. 


$


 Achimenes rusbyi Britton


Achimenes rusbyi Britton = Gloxinia gymnostoma Griseb.

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1976: 389. 


$


 Achimenes scabra (Poeppig) Walpers


Achimenes scabra (Poeppig) Walpers = Diastema scabrum (Poepp.) Benth.

Reference: Fritsch, K., 1914: 401. 


$


 Achimenes urticaefolia Poepp.


Achimenes urticaefolia Poepp. = ?  

Reference: Walpers, G., 1847: 403. 


$


 Achras buchananiifolia (Pierre) Bernardi


Achras buchananiifolia (Pierre) Bernardi = Pouteria procera (Martius) T.D. Penn.

Reference: FP 1297: 138; Pennington, T. D., 1990: 504. 


$


 Achras caimito Ruiz & Pav.


Achras caimito Ruiz & Pav. = Pouteria caimito (Ruiz & Pav.) Radlk.

Reference: FP 1297: 157; Pennington, T. D., 1990: 477. 


$


 Achras globosa Ruiz & Pav.


Achras globosa Ruiz & Pav. = Gloeospermum pilosum Melchior

Reference: FP 729: 63. 


$


 Achras lucuma Ruiz & Pav.


Achras lucuma Ruiz & Pav. = Pouteria lucuma (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze

Reference: FP 1297: 161; Pennington, T. D., 1990: 383. 


$


 Achrouteria pomifera Eyma


Achrouteria pomifera Eyma = Chrysophyllum pomiferum (Eyma) T.D. Penn.

Reference: Pennington, T. D., 1990: 602. 


$


 Achuaria hirsuta Gereau



Achuaria hirsuta Gereau

Reference: Gereau, R. E., 1990: 365. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests on white sand. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Lewis et al. 10328* (MO!, USM!), D&iacute;az & Jaramillo 1454 (AMAZ, MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Achyranthes altissima Jacq.


Achyranthes altissima Jacq. = Chamissoa altissima (Jacq.) Kunth var. altissima 

Reference: FP 1255: 481; Sohmer, S. H., 1977: 115; Eliasson, U., 1987: 15. 


$


 Achyranthes aspera L.



Achyranthes aspera L.

Synonyms: Achyranthes aspera (L.) Mill.
Reference: Gutte, G, K. M&uuml;ller & C. M&uuml;ller, 1986: 191. 
Ecology. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison 5416 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Achyranthes atra Pavon ex Moquin


Achyranthes atra Pavon ex Moquin = Alternanthera porrigens (Jacq.) Kuntze var. porrigens 

Reference: FP 1255: 498. 


$


 Achyranthes baccata Pavon ex Moquin


Achyranthes baccata Pavon ex Moquin = Chamissoa altissima (Jacq.) Kunth var. altissima 

Reference: FP 1255: 481. 


$


 Achyranthes bangii Standl.


Achyranthes bangii Standl. = Alternanthera porrigens (Jacq.) Kuntze var. porrigens 

Reference: FP 1255: 504. 


$


 Achyranthes capituliflora Bertero


Achyranthes capituliflora Bertero = Alternanthera flavescens Kunth

Reference: FP 1255: 495; Pedersen, T. M., 1976: 270. 


$


 Achyranthes conferta Pavon ex Moquin


Achyranthes conferta Pavon ex Moquin = Guilleminea densa (Willd.) Moq.

Reference: FP 1255: 489. 


$


 Achyranthes corymbosa L.


Achyranthes corymbosa L. = Polycarpaea corymbosa (L.) Lam.

Reference: FP 1267: 628; Duke, J. A., 1961: 105. 


$


 Achyranthes ficoidea (L.) Lam.


Achyranthes ficoidea (L.) Lam. = Alternanthera paronychioides St. Hilaire

Reference: FP 1255: 498; Mears, J., 1977: 7. 


$


 Achyranthes geniculata Pavon ex Moquin


Achyranthes geniculata Pavon ex Moquin = Alternanthera brasiliana var. brasiliana 

Reference: FP 1255: 495. 


$


 Achyranthes halimifolia Lam.


Achyranthes halimifolia Lam. = Alternanthera halimifolia (Lam.) Standl. ex Pittier

Reference: FP 1255: 499. 


$


 Achyranthes incana Moquin


Achyranthes incana Moquin = Alternanthera halimifolia (Lam.) Standl. ex Pittier

Reference: FP 1255: 499. 


$


 Achyranthes indica (L.) Mill.


Achyranthes indica (L.) Mill. = Achyranthes aspera L.

Reference: Eliasson, U., 1987: 42. 


$


 Achyranthes jacquini (Schrader) Standl.


Achyranthes jacquini (Schrader) Standl. = Alternanthera brasiliana var. brasiliana 

Reference: FP 1255: 496; Mears, J., 1977: 13. 


$


 Achyranthes lactea Moquin


Achyranthes lactea Moquin = Alternanthera macbridei Standl.

Reference: FP 1255: 502. 


$


 Achyranthes lehmannii (Hieron.) Standl.


Achyranthes lehmannii (Hieron.) Standl. = Alternanthera mexicana (Schltdl.) Hieron.

Reference: FP 1255: 501. 


$


 Achyranthes lupulina (Kunth) Willdenow ex Moquin


Achyranthes lupulina (Kunth) Willdenow ex Moquin = Alternanthera lupulina Kunth

Reference: FP 1255: 502. 


$


 Achyranthes parviflora Pavon ex Moquin


Achyranthes parviflora Pavon ex Moquin = Alternanthera lupulina Kunth

Reference: FP 1255: 502. 


$


 Achyranthes philoxeroides (Mart.) Standl.


Achyranthes philoxeroides (Mart.) Standl. = Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb.

Reference: FP 1255: 505; Mears, J., 1977: 15. 


$


 Achyranthes picta Passarge


Achyranthes picta Passarge = Alternanthera bettzickiana (Regel) Standl.

Reference: FP 1255: 494. 


$


 Achyranthes porrigens Jacq.


Achyranthes porrigens Jacq. = Alternanthera porrigens (Jacq.) Kuntze var. porrigens 

Reference: FP 1255: 505; Eliasson, U., 1987: 84. 


$


 Achyranthes prostrata L.


Achyranthes prostrata L. = Cyathula prostrata (L.) Blume

Reference: Eliasson, U., 1987: 40. 


$


 Achyranthes purpurea Pavon ex Moquin


Achyranthes purpurea Pavon ex Moquin = Alternanthera porrigens (Jacq.) Kuntze var. porrigens 

Reference: FP 1255: 506. 


$


 Achyranthes repens L.


Achyranthes repens L. = Alternanthera pungens Kunth

Reference: FP 1255: 508; Eliasson, U., 1987: 64. 


$


 Achyranthes verschaffeltii Lemaire


Achyranthes verschaffeltii Lemaire = Iresine herbstii Hook.

Reference: FP 1255: 516; Eliasson, U., 1987: 127. 


$


 Achyranthes williamsii Standl.


Achyranthes williamsii Standl. = Alternanthera pubiflora (Benth.) Kuntze

$


 Achyrocline alata (Kunth) DC.



Achyrocline alata (Kunth) DC.

Synonyms: Achyrocline alata Kunth, Achyrocline alata Kunth, Achyrocline alata Kunth, Achyrocline alata Kunth, Achyrocline alata Meyen & Walp.
Reference: Flora Peru: 27926: 4. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, forests, rocky slopes. 2000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Dillon & Turner 1348 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Pasco, Piura, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$



$


 Achyrocline celosioides (Kunth) DC.



Achyrocline celosioides (Kunth) DC.

Synonyms: Achyrocline celosioides Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 27926: 5. 
Ecology. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 6635 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Cajamarca, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad, Piura.


$


 Achyrocline madioides Meyen & Walp.


Achyrocline madioides Meyen & Walp. = Achyrocline alata (Kunth) DC.

Reference: FP 27926: 4. 


$


 Achyrocline peruviana Dillon & Sagast.



Achyrocline peruviana Dillon & Sagast.

Reference: Flora Peru: 27926: 6; Dillon, M. O. & A. Sag&aacute;stegui-Alva, 1986: 107. 
Ecology. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui & L&oacute;pez 10661* (HUT), Dillon et al. 4455 (F!, USM)
Departments: Cajamarca, La Libertad.


$


 Achyrocline ramosissima Britton ex Rusby



Achyrocline ramosissima Britton ex Rusby

Synonyms: Achyrocline ramosissima Sch. Bip.
Reference: Flora Peru: 27926: 6. 
Ecology. 2500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Lechler 1780* (F!), Smith et al. 12104 (USM)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Puno.


$


 Achyrocline satureioides (Lam.) DC.



Achyrocline satureioides (Lam.) DC.

Synonyms: Achyrocline satureioides Lam.
Reference: Flora Peru: 27926: 8. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 3954 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Achyrophorus cryptocephalus Sch. Bip.


Achyrophorus cryptocephalus Sch. Bip. = Hypochaeris cryptocephala (Sch. Bip.) Domke

$


 Achyrophorus elatus Wedd.


Achyrophorus elatus Wedd. = Hypochaeris chillensis (Kunth) Hieron.

$


 Achyrophorus eriolaenus Sch. Bip.


Achyrophorus eriolaenus Sch. Bip. = Hypochaeris eriolaena (Schultz-Bip.) Reiche

$


 Achyrophorus meyenianus (Walp.) Walp.


Achyrophorus meyenianus (Walp.) Walp. = Hypochaeris meyeniana (Walp.) Griseb.

Reference: Cabrera, A. L., 1978: 674. 


$


 Achyrophorus setosus Wedd.


Achyrophorus setosus Wedd. = Hypochaeris echegarayi Hieron.

Reference: Hieronymus, G., 1901: 84. 


$


 Achyrophorus stenocephalus A. Gray ex Wedd.


Achyrophorus stenocephalus A. Gray ex Wedd. = Hypochaeris taraxacoides (Walp.) Benth. & Hook. f.

Reference: Cabrera, A. L., 1978: 674. 


$


 Achyrophorus taraxacoides Walp.


Achyrophorus taraxacoides Walp. = Hypochaeris taraxacoides (Walp.) Benth. & Hook. f.

Reference: Cabrera, A. L., 1978: 674. 


$


 Aciachne acicularis Laegaard



Aciachne acicularis Laegaard

Reference: Laegaard, S., 1987: 672. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas. 2500-4500 m. 
Voucher: S&aacute;nchez 2014 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad.


$


 Aciachne pulvinata Benth.



Aciachne pulvinata Benth.

Synonyms: Aciachne pulvinata Steud. ex Lechler
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 173; Laegaard, S., 1987: 667, 669; Tovar, O., 1957: 74. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: bogs, grasslands, rocky slopes. 3500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Tovar 2910 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Puno.


$


 Acicarpa sacchariflora Raddi


Acicarpa sacchariflora Raddi = Digitaria insularis (L.) Fedde

Reference: FP 719: 200; Killeen, T. J., 1990: 149. 


$


 Acicarpha procumbens Less.



Acicarpha procumbens Less.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1382: 490. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Acicarpha tribuloides Juss.



Acicarpha tribuloides Juss.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1382: 490. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: grasslands. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 2646 (US)
Departments: Cuzco, Puno.


$


 Acidoton nicaraguensis (Hemsl.) G.L. Webster



Acidoton nicaraguensis (Hemsl.) G.L. Webster

Synonyms: Acidoton nicaraguensis (Pax & K. Hoffm.) G.L. Webster, Acidoton nicaraguensis Hemsl., Acidoton nicaraguensis Pax & K. Hoffm.
Reference: Webster, G. L., 1967: 191. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Foster 8798 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto.


$


 Acidoton venezolanus (Pax & K. Hoffm.) G.L. Webster


Acidoton venezolanus (Pax & K. Hoffm.) G.L. Webster = Acidoton nicaraguensis (Hemsl.) G.L. Webster

Reference: Webster, G. L., 1967: 191. 


$


 Aciotis acuminifolia (DC.) Triana



Aciotis acuminifolia (DC.) Triana

Synonyms: Aciotis acuminifolia DC.
Reference: Mathies, P. S., 1981: 25. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: forests, disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 4893 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Aciotis aequatorialis Cogn.



Aciotis aequatorialis Cogn.

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 296; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 69; Mathies, P. S., 1981: 25. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 1188 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto.


$


 Aciotis amazonica Cogn.



Aciotis amazonica Cogn.

Reference: Mathies, P. S., 1981: 42. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Williams 1185 (F!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Aciotis annua (Mart. ex DC.) Triana



Aciotis annua (Mart. ex DC.) Triana

Synonyms: Aciotis annua (Benth.) Triana, Aciotis annua Benth., Aciotis annua Mart. ex DC.
Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1973: 155; Mathies, P. S., 1981: 46. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Aciotis aristata Ule



Aciotis aristata Ule

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 296; Mathies, P. S., 1981: 51. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ule 9667* , Ayala et al. 2924 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Ucayali.


$


 Aciotis brachybotrya (Martius ex A. P. de Candolle) Triana



Aciotis brachybotrya (Martius ex A. P. de Candolle) Triana

Synonyms: Aciotis brachybotrya DC.
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 296; Mathies, P. S., 1981: 144. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   Listed as a doubtful species by Mathies (1981).  


$


 Aciotis caulialata (Ruiz & Pav.) Triana



Aciotis caulialata (Ruiz & Pav.) Triana

Synonyms: Aciotis caulialata (Ruiz & Pav.) Naudin, Aciotis caulialata Naudin, Aciotis caulialata Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 296; Mathies, P. S., 1981: 61. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 213 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Aciotis cordata (Vell.) J.F. Macbr.



Aciotis cordata (Vell.) J.F. Macbr.

Synonyms: Aciotis cordata Vell.
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 297; Mathies, P. S., 1981: 144. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   Listed as a doubtful species by Mathies (1981).  


$


 Aciotis dichotoma (Benth.) Cogn.



Aciotis dichotoma (Benth.) Cogn.

Synonyms: Aciotis dichotoma Benth.
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 297; Wurdack, J. J., 1973: 159; Mathies, P. S., 1981: 68. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: forests. 500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Metcalf 30664 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco, Loreto, Puno.


$


 Aciotis dysophylla (Benth.) Triana


Aciotis dysophylla (Benth.) Triana = Aciotis annua (Mart. ex DC.) Triana

Reference: FP 761: 297; Wurdack, J. J., 1973: 155. 
Note: NN  


$


 Aciotis indecora (Bonpland) Triana



Aciotis indecora (Bonpland) Triana

Synonyms: Aciotis indecora Bonpland
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 298; Mathies, P. S., 1981: 75. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Croat 17510 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Aciotis laxa Richard ex Cogn.



Aciotis laxa Richard ex Cogn.

Synonyms: Aciotis laxa Richard ex DC.
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 297. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: shrublands. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 8182 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Aciotis longifolia (Martius ex A. P. de Candolle) Triana



Aciotis longifolia (Martius ex A. P. de Candolle) Triana

Synonyms: Aciotis longifolia Mart. ex DC.
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 298; Mathies, P. S., 1981: 91. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Aciotis polystachya (Bonpl.) Triana



Aciotis polystachya (Bonpl.) Triana

Synonyms: Aciotis polystachya Bonpl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 298; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 68. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, riversides. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 17572 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Aciotis purpurascens (Aubl.) Triana



Aciotis purpurascens (Aubl.) Triana

$


 Aciotis purpurascens var. martinensis J.F. Macbr.


Aciotis purpurascens var. martinensis J.F. Macbr. = Aciotis purpurascens var. purpurascens 

Reference: FP 761: 299; Mathies, P. S., 1981: 110. 


$


 Aciotis purpurascens var.purpurascens



Aciotis purpurascens var. purpurascens 

Synonyms: Aciotis purpurascens purpurascens (Bonpl.) Triana, Aciotis purpurascens purpurascens Aubl., Aciotis purpurascens var. purpurascens J.F. Macbr., Aciotis purpurascens var. purpurascens J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 298; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 66; Mathies, P. S., 1981: 109. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Simpson & Schunke 641 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Aciotis rubricaulis (Martius ex A. P. de Candolle) Triana



Aciotis rubricaulis (Martius ex A. P. de Candolle) Triana

Synonyms: Aciotis rubricaulis Mart. ex DC.
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 299; Mathies, P. S., 1981: 126. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Aciotis sileniflora (Bonpl.) Triana


Aciotis sileniflora (Bonpl.) Triana = Aciotis purpurascens var. purpurascens 

Reference: Mathies, P. S., 1981: 109. 


$


 Aciotis sphaeranthera (Naud.) Cogn.



Aciotis sphaeranthera (Naud.) Cogn.

Synonyms: Aciotis sphaeranthera Naudin
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 299. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Gay s.n.* (P), Metcalf 30664 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Puno.


$


 Aciotis viscosa (Naudin) Triana



Aciotis viscosa (Naudin) Triana

Synonyms: Aciotis viscosa Naudin
Reference: Mathies, P. S., 1981: 137. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Croat 17519 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Loreto.


$


 Acisanthera quadrata Pers.



Acisanthera quadrata Pers.

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 294. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Acladodea pinnata Ruiz & Pav.


Acladodea pinnata Ruiz & Pav. = Talisia pinnata (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Radlk.

Reference: FP 1298: 382. 


$


 Acmella alba (L'H&eacute;r.) R.K. Jansen



Acmella alba (L'H&eacute;r.) R.K. Jansen

$


 Acmella alba var.alba



Acmella alba var. alba 

Synonyms: Acmella alba alba (Lam.) A.H. Moore, Acmella alba alba A.H. Moore, Acmella alba alba L'H&eacute;r., Acmella alba alba Lam., Acmella alba alba Murray
Reference: Jansen, R. K., 1985: 62. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I, Coastal: rocky slopes. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 5960 (F!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Acmella alba var.ecuadorensis R.K. Jansen



Acmella alba var. ecuadorensis R.K. Jansen

Reference: Jansen, R. K., 1985: 63. 
Ecology: Native herb. Coastal: rocky slopes. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Horton 11573 (GH, US)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Acmella brachyglossa Cass.



Acmella brachyglossa Cass.

Reference: Jansen, R. K., 1985: 73. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, riversides. 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: Belshaw 3319 (F!, LL)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Acmella ciliata (Kunth) Cass.



Acmella ciliata (Kunth) Cass.

Synonyms: Acmella ciliata DC., Acmella ciliata Kunth, Acmella ciliata Kunth
Reference: Jansen, R. K., 1985: 36. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas, riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-3000 m. 
Note:   
Voucher: Klug 3283 (F, G, GH)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Acmella hirta Lag.


Acmella hirta Lag. = Jaegeria hirta (Lag.) Less.

Reference: Jansen, R. K., 1985: 30. 


$


 Acmella oleracea (L.) R.K. Jansen



Acmella oleracea (L.) R.K. Jansen

Synonyms: Acmella oleracea L.
Reference: Jansen, R. K., 1985: 65. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb. Coastal: disturbed areas, lomas, terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 23879 (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Acmella oppositifolia (Lam.) R.K. Jansen



Acmella oppositifolia (Lam.) R.K. Jansen

Synonyms: Acmella oppositifolia (Mutis ex L. f.) Hieron. ex Sodiro, Acmella oppositifolia Lam., Acmella oppositifolia Poepp. & Endl.
Reference: Jansen, R. K., 1985: 30. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas, riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: Wurdack 416 (F, LP)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Acnistus aggregatus (Ruiz & Pav.) Miers


Acnistus aggregatus (Ruiz & Pav.) Miers = Acnistus arborescens (L.) Schltdl.

Reference: FP 1349: 44; Hunziker, A. T., 1982: 87. 


$


 Acnistus arborescens (L.) Schltdl.



Acnistus arborescens (L.) Schltdl.

Synonyms: Acnistus arborescens (Kunth) G. Don, Acnistus arborescens (Kunth) G. Don, Acnistus arborescens (L.) Raf., Acnistus arborescens (L.) Sleumer, Acnistus arborescens (Lam.) J.F. Macbr., Acnistus arborescens (Lam.) J.F. Macbr., Acnistus arborescens (Lam.) Merr., Acnistus arborescens (Roemer & Schultes) G. Don, Acnistus arborescens (Ruiz & Pav.) Miers, Acnistus arborescens (Ruiz & Pav.) Raf., Acnistus arborescens Kunth, Acnistus arborescens Kunth, Acnistus arborescens L., Acnistus arborescens Lam., Acnistus arborescens Raf., Acnistus arborescens Roemer & Schultes, Acnistus arborescens Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 44; Hunziker, A. T., 1960: 236; Hunziker, A. T., 1982: 85. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I-II, Coastal: forests, rocky slopes. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 61388 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes.


$


 Acnistus campanulatus (Lam.) Merr.


Acnistus campanulatus (Lam.) Merr. = Acnistus arborescens (L.) Schltdl.

Reference: Hunziker, A. T., 1982: 87. 


$


 Acnistus confertiflorus Miers


Acnistus confertiflorus Miers = Iochroma confertiflorum (Miers) Hunziker

Reference: FP 1349: 44; Hunziker, A. T., 1982: 100. 


$


 Acnistus dolichostylus Bitter


Acnistus dolichostylus Bitter = ?  

Reference: FP 1349: 46; Hunziker, A. T., 1982: 100. 


$


 Acnistus floribundus (Kunth) G. Don


Acnistus floribundus (Kunth) G. Don = Acnistus arborescens (L.) Schltdl.

Reference: FP 1349: 44; Hunziker, A. T., 1982: 87. 


$


 Acnistus gesnerioides (Kunth) Hunziker


Acnistus gesnerioides (Kunth) Hunziker = Iochroma gesnerioides (Kunth) Miers

Reference: Hunziker, A. T., 1982: 100. 
Note: NN  


$


 Acnistus guayaquilensis (Kunth) G. Don


Acnistus guayaquilensis (Kunth) G. Don = Acnistus arborescens (L.) Schltdl.

Reference: FP 1349: 44; Hunziker, A. T., 1982: 85. 


$


 Acnistus horridus (Kunth) Hunziker


Acnistus horridus (Kunth) Hunziker = Iochroma parvifolium (Roemer & Schultes) D'Arcy

Reference: Hunziker, A. T., 1982: 101. 


$


 Acnistus multiflorus Dammer


Acnistus multiflorus Dammer = Iochroma umbellatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Hunziker ex D'Arcy

Reference: FP 1349: 53; Hunziker, A. T., 1982: 101. 


$


 Acnistus oblongifolius Rusby


Acnistus oblongifolius Rusby = Vassobia fasciculata (Miers) Hunziker

Reference: FP 1349: 53; Hunziker, A. T., 1984: 113. 


$


 Acnistus sideroxyloides (Roemer & Schultes) G. Don


Acnistus sideroxyloides (Roemer & Schultes) G. Don = Acnistus arborescens (L.) Schltdl.

Reference: FP 1349: 44; Hunziker, A. T., 1982: 87. 


$


 Acnistus spathulatus (Ruiz & Pav.) G. Don


Acnistus spathulatus (Ruiz & Pav.) G. Don = Dunalia spathulata (Ruiz & Pav.) Braun & Bouch&eacute;

Reference: Hunziker, A. T., 1960: 223. 


$


 Acnistus spathulatus Miers


Acnistus spathulatus Miers = Dunalia spathulata (Ruiz & Pav.) Braun & Bouch&eacute;

Reference: FP 1349: 51; Hunziker, A. T., 1960: 223. 


$


 Acnistus umbellatus (Ruiz & Pav.) Miers


Acnistus umbellatus (Ruiz & Pav.) Miers = Iochroma umbellatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Hunziker ex D'Arcy

Reference: FP 1349: 53; Hunziker, A. T., 1982: 101; D'Arcy, W. G., 1989: 510. 


$


 Acosta aculeata Ruiz & Pav.


Acosta aculeata Ruiz & Pav. = Moutabea aculeata (Ruiz & Pav.) Poepp. & Endl.

Reference: FP 670: 948. 


$


 Acraea parvifolia Lindl.


Acraea parvifolia Lindl. = Pterichis parvifolia (Lindl.) Schltr.

Reference: Garay, L. A., 1978: 186. 


$


 Acraea triloba Lindl.


Acraea triloba Lindl. = Pterichis triloba (Lindl.) Schltr.

Reference: FP 1438: 109; Garay, L. A., 1978: 187. 


$


 Acrocarpidium nummularifolium (Sw.) Miq.


Acrocarpidium nummularifolium (Sw.) Miq. = Peperomia rotundifolia (L.) Dahlst.

Reference: FP 1216: 87; Trelease, W. & T. G. Yuncker, 1950: 622. 


$


 Acrocarpidium scandens (Ruiz & Pav.) Miq.


Acrocarpidium scandens (Ruiz & Pav.) Miq. = Peperomia serpens (Sw.) Loudon

Reference: FP 1216: 93; Trelease, W. & T. G. Yuncker, 1950: 622. 


$


 Acroceras zizanioides (Kunth) Dandy



Acroceras zizanioides (Kunth) Dandy

Synonyms: Acroceras zizanioides Kunth
Reference: Tovar, O., 1986: 48; Zuloaga. F. O., O. Morrone & A. A. Saenz, 1988: 204. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas, riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Rimachi  825 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Acrodiclidium armeniacum (Nees) Mez


Acrodiclidium armeniacum (Nees) Mez = Licaria armeniaca (Nees) Kosterm.

Reference: FP 610: 869; Kurz, H., 1983: 122. 


$


 Acrodiclidium aureum Huber


Acrodiclidium aureum Huber = Licaria aurea (Huber) Kosterm.

$


 Acrodiclidium brasiliense Nees


Acrodiclidium brasiliense Nees = Licaria brasiliensis (Nees) Kostermans

Reference: Kurz, H., 1983: 152. 


$


 Acrodiclidium endlicheriaefolium Kostermans


Acrodiclidium endlicheriaefolium Kostermans = Licaria endlicheriifolia (Kostermans) Kostermans

Reference: FP 610: 869; Kurz, H., 1983: 211. 


$


 Acrodiclidium itauba Meisn.


Acrodiclidium itauba Meisn. = Mezilaurus itauba (Meisn.) Taub. ex Mez

Reference: Werff, H. van der, 1987: 164. 


$


 Acrodiclidium kunthianum Nees


Acrodiclidium kunthianum Nees = Rhodostemonodaphne kunthiana (Nees) Rohwer

Reference: Rohwer, J. G., 1986: 84. 


$


 Acrodiclidium latifolium A.C. Sm.


Acrodiclidium latifolium A.C. Sm. = Licaria latifolia (A.C. Sm.) Kostermans

Reference: FP 610: 869. 


$


 Acrodiclidium limbatum (Nees) J.F. Macbr.


Acrodiclidium limbatum (Nees) J.F. Macbr. = Licaria triandra (Sw.) Kosterm.

Reference: FP 610: 870. 


$


 Acrodiclidium limbosum (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez


Acrodiclidium limbosum (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez = Licaria triandra (Sw.) Kosterm.

Reference: FP 610: 870; Kurz, H., 1983: 196. 


$


 Acrodiclidium macrophyllum A.C. Sm.


Acrodiclidium macrophyllum A.C. Sm. = Licaria macrophylla (A.C. Sm.) Kostermans

Reference: FP 610: 870; Kurz, H., 1983: 126. 


$


 Acrodiclidium multiflorum Kostermans


Acrodiclidium multiflorum Kostermans = Licaria multiflora (Kostermans) Kostermans

Reference: FP 610: 871; Kurz, H., 1983: 162. 
Note: NN  


$


 Acrodiclidium pucheri (Ruiz & Pav.) Kosterm.


Acrodiclidium pucheri (Ruiz & Pav.) Kosterm. = Licaria pucheri (Ruiz & Pav.) Kostermans

Reference: FP 610: 871; Kurz, H., 1983: 128. 


$


 Acronia phalangifera C. Presl


Acronia phalangifera C. Presl = Pleurothallis phalangifera (C. Presl) Schltr.

Reference: FP 1467: 325; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Acrostichum aureonitens Hook.


Acrostichum aureonitens Hook. = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 86. 


$


 Acrostichum calomelanos L.


Acrostichum calomelanos L. = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 68. 


$


 Acrostichum chrysoconium Desv.


Acrostichum chrysoconium Desv. = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 75. 


$


 Acrostichum citrifolium L.


Acrostichum citrifolium L. = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 225. 


$


 Acrostichum danaeifolium Langsd. & Fisch.



Acrostichum danaeifolium Langsd. & Fisch.

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 210; 7728. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: L&oacute;pez & Sag&aacute;stegui 4034 (GH)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, Tumbes.


$


 Acrostichum elegans Vahl


Acrostichum elegans Vahl = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 34. 


$


 Acrostichum gillianum Baker


Acrostichum gillianum Baker = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 86. 


$


 Acrostichum nodosum L.


Acrostichum nodosum L. = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 17. 


$


 Acrostichum rufum (L.) L.


Acrostichum rufum (L.) L. = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 82. 


$


 Acrostichum scariosum Sw.


Acrostichum scariosum Sw. = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 91. 


$


 Acrostichum sinuatum Lag. ex Sw.


Acrostichum sinuatum Lag. ex Sw. = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 110. 


$


 Acrostichum tartareum Cav.


Acrostichum tartareum Cav. = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 73. 


$


 Acrostichum tereticaulon Desv.


Acrostichum tereticaulon Desv. = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 121. 


$


 Actinophyllum acuminatum Ruiz & Pav.


Actinophyllum acuminatum Ruiz & Pav. = Schefflera acuminata (Ruiz & Pav.) Harms

Reference: FP 1322: 29. 


$


 Actinophyllum angulatum Ruiz & Pav.


Actinophyllum angulatum Ruiz & Pav. = Schefflera angulata (Ruiz & Pav.) Harms

Reference: FP 1322: 29. 


$


 Actinophyllum conicum Ruiz & Pav.


Actinophyllum conicum Ruiz & Pav. = Schefflera conica (Ruiz & Pav.) Harms

Reference: FP 1322: 30. 


$


 Actinophyllum pedicellatum Ruiz & Pav.


Actinophyllum pedicellatum Ruiz & Pav. = Schefflera pedicellata (Ruiz & Pav.) Harms

Reference: FP 1322: 35. 


$


 Actinophyllum pentandrum (Harms) Ruiz & Pav.


Actinophyllum pentandrum (Harms) Ruiz & Pav. = Schefflera pentandra (Ruiz & Pav.) Harms

Reference: FP 1322: 35. 


$


 Actinostachys pennula (Sw.) Hook.


Actinostachys pennula (Sw.) Hook. = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 36. 


$


 Actinostemon amazonicus Pax & K. Hoffm.



Actinostemon amazonicus Pax & K. Hoffm.

Reference: Jablonski, E., 1969: 230. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Salazar 6 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Ucayali.


$


 Actinostemon imbricatus M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Actinostemon imbricatus M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 198. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. . 
Voucher: Poeppig 1308* (W)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Acuan depressa (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Kuntze


Acuan depressa (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Kuntze = Desmanthus depressus Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.

Reference: FP 21: 97; Luckow, M. A., 1989: 249. 


$


 Acuan virgatum (L.) Medik.


Acuan virgatum (L.) Medik. = Desmanthus virgatus (L.) Willd.

Reference: FP 21: 98; Carrillo, F. E., 1974: 49; Luckow, M. A., 1989: 389. 


$


 Acunna lanceolata Ruiz & Pav.


Acunna lanceolata Ruiz & Pav. = Bejaria aestuans L.

Reference: FP 1325: 130, 132; Clemants, S. E., 1984: 219. 


$


 Acunna oblonga Ruiz & Pav.


Acunna oblonga Ruiz & Pav. = Bejaria aestuans L.

Reference: FP 1325: 130; Clemants, S. E., 1984: 218. 


$


 Ada bennettiorum Dodson



Ada bennettiorum Dodson

Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 1. 
Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. Andean I: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 1000-1500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Bennett & Bennett 1980* (AMES)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Ada brachypus (Rchb. f.) N.H. Williams



Ada brachypus (Rchb. f.) N.H. Williams

Synonyms: Ada brachypus Rchb. f.
Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 2. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean II: cloud forests. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Bennett & Bennett 3560 (MO)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Ada elegantula (Rchb. f.) N.H. Williams



Ada elegantula (Rchb. f.) N.H. Williams

Synonyms: Ada elegantula (Rchb. f.) Garay, Ada elegantula (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f., Ada elegantula Rchb. f., Ada elegantula Rchb. f., Ada elegantula Rchb. f.
Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 3. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean II: forests. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison 4910 (UC)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Ada glumacea (Lindl.) N.H. Williams



Ada glumacea (Lindl.) N.H. Williams

Synonyms: Ada glumacea Lindl.
Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Voucher: Pastorelli illus.  


$


 Ada ocanensis (Lindl.) N.H. Williams



Ada ocanensis (Lindl.) N.H. Williams

Synonyms: Ada ocanensis (Linden & Reichenbach f.) Rchb. f., Ada ocanensis (Lindl.) Rchb. f., Ada ocanensis (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f., Ada ocanensis Linden & Reichenbach f., Ada ocanensis Lindl., Ada ocanensis Rchb. f.
Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 4. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean II: forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Bennett & Schunke 1797 (UC)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Ada pozoi Dodson & N.H. Williams



Ada pozoi Dodson & N.H. Williams

Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 5. 
Ecology. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 3838-1-3 (HON)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Addisonia virgata Rusby


Addisonia virgata Rusby = Helogyne virgata (Rusby) B. Robinson

Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 477. 


$


 Adelaster albivenis Lindl. ex Veitch


Adelaster albivenis Lindl. ex Veitch = Fittonia albivenis (Lindl. ex Veitch) Brummitt

Reference: Brummitt, R. K., 1979: 167. 


$


 Adelobotrys acreana Wurdack



Adelobotrys acreana Wurdack

Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1972: 195. 
Ecology: Native liana, vine. Andean III: disturbed areas, grasslands. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Smith 3951 (US!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Adelobotrys adscendens (Sw.) Triana



Adelobotrys adscendens (Sw.) Triana

Synonyms: Adelobotrys adscendens (DC.) Gleason, Adelobotrys adscendens Cogn., Adelobotrys adscendens DC., Adelobotrys adscendens DC., Adelobotrys adscendens Pilg., Adelobotrys adscendens Ruiz & Pav., Adelobotrys adscendens Sw.
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 304; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 28. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Knapp & Mallet 8386 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Adelobotrys boissieriana Cogn.



Adelobotrys boissieriana Cogn.

Synonyms: Adelobotrys boissieriana J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 303; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 28. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ancuash 1085 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Adelobotrys fuscescens Triana



Adelobotrys fuscescens Triana

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 304. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Adelobotrys guianensis (DC.) Gleason


Adelobotrys guianensis (DC.) Gleason = Adelobotrys adscendens (Sw.) Triana

Reference: FP 761: 304; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 28. 


$


 Adelobotrys intonsa (Gleason) Wurdack



Adelobotrys intonsa (Gleason) Wurdack

Synonyms: Adelobotrys intonsa Gleason
Reference: 25436; 148. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 29926* (US), V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 3194 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Adelobotrys klugii Wurdack



Adelobotrys klugii Wurdack

Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1972: 196. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 10865 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Adelobotrys macrantha Gleason



Adelobotrys macrantha Gleason

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 305. 
Ecology: Native liana, tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 29496 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto.


$


 Adelobotrys macrophylla Pilg.



Adelobotrys macrophylla Pilg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 305. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ule 6199* (US!), V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 214 (AMAZ!, US!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Adelobotrys marginata Brade



Adelobotrys marginata Brade

$


 Adelobotrys multiflora Pilg.


Adelobotrys multiflora Pilg. = Adelobotrys adscendens (Sw.) Triana

Reference: FP 761: 304; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 28. 


$


 Adelobotrys praetexta Pilg.



Adelobotrys praetexta Pilg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 306. 
Ecology: Endemic liana, shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ule 6368* (US!), Acevedo & Daly 1600 (US!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Adelobotrys rotundifolia Triana



Adelobotrys rotundifolia Triana

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 306; Wurdack, J. J., 1973: 238. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Rimachi 3723 (US!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Adelobotrys scandens (Aubl.) DC.



Adelobotrys scandens (Aubl.) DC.

Synonyms: Adelobotrys scandens Aubl.
Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 391. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: McDaniel & Rimachi 17876 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Adelobotrys subsessilis Gleason



Adelobotrys subsessilis Gleason

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 306. 
Ecology: Endemic liana. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 27147* (US!), V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 12764 (US!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Adelobotrys tessmannii Markgr.



Adelobotrys tessmannii Markgr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 307; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 29. 
Ecology: Native shrub, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Tessmann 3572* (US!), Woytkowski 6112 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Adenaria floribunda Kunth



Adenaria floribunda Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 753: 207; Lourteig, A., 1989: 40. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, dry valleys, rocky slopes, riversides. 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland 3656* (P-HB), Foster 9774 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Piura, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Adeneleuterophora graminifolia Barb. Rodr.


Adeneleuterophora graminifolia Barb. Rodr. = Elleanthus graminifolius (Barb. Rodr. ) L&oslash;tnant

Reference: FP 1438: 62; Garay, L. A., 1978: 81. 
Note: NN  


$


 Adenocalymma auristellae Kranzlin


Adenocalymma auristellae Kranzlin = Adenocalymma impressum (Rusby) Sandwith

Reference: FP 1362: 32; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 24. 


$


 Adenocalymma bilabiatum (Sprague) Sandwith


Adenocalymma bilabiatum (Sprague) Sandwith = Arrabidaea bilabiata (Sprague) Sandwith

Reference: FP 1362: 32; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 76. 


$


 Adenocalymma bracteolatum A. DC.



Adenocalymma bracteolatum A. DC.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1362: 32. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   The specimen cited in the Flora of Peru is redetermined as A. purpurascens. 


$


 Adenocalymma floribundum A. DC.


Adenocalymma floribundum A. DC. = Cuspidaria floribunda (A. DC.) A.H. Gentry

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1973: 233. 


$


 Adenocalymma foveolatum (A. DC.) Baill.


Adenocalymma foveolatum (A. DC.) Baill. = Mansoa kerere (Aubl.) A.H. Gentry

Reference: FP 1362: 34. 


$


 Adenocalymma impressum (Rusby) Sandwith



Adenocalymma impressum (Rusby) Sandwith

Synonyms: Adenocalymma impressum Kranzlin, Adenocalymma impressum Rusby
Reference: Flora Peru: 1362: 32; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 24. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 19648 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Ucayali.


$


 Adenocalymma inundatum C. Mart. ex DC.



Adenocalymma inundatum C. Mart. ex DC.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1362: 33; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 25. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ayala et al. 3918 (AMAZ!, MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Adenocalymma latifolium Rusby


Adenocalymma latifolium Rusby = Adenocalymma uleanum Kranzlin

Reference: FP 1362: 33. 


$


 Adenocalymma magnificum C. Mart. ex DC.


Adenocalymma magnificum C. Mart. ex DC. = Memora magnifica (C. Mart. ex DC.) Bureau

Reference: FP 1362: 67. 
Note: NN  


$


 Adenocalymma pachypus (Schumann) Bureau & K. Schum.


Adenocalymma pachypus (Schumann) Bureau & K. Schum. = Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) A.H. Gentry

Reference: FP 1362: 30. 


$


 Adenocalymma prancei A.H. Gentry



Adenocalymma prancei A.H. Gentry

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1978: 725. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   The cited Peruvian specimen, Gentry & Daly 18783, is A. uleanum Kraenzlin. 


$


 Adenocalymma purpurascens Rusby



Adenocalymma purpurascens Rusby

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1977: 14. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 37244 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Adenocalymma uleanum Kranzlin



Adenocalymma uleanum Kranzlin

Synonyms: Adenocalymma uleanum Rusby
Reference: Flora Peru: 1362: 33. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Note: Possibly conspecific with A. bracteatum. 
Voucher: Ule 6280* , Smith 3897 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Ucayali.


$


 Adenocalymma verrucosum Standl.


Adenocalymma verrucosum Standl. = Arrabidaea verrucosa (Standl.) A.H. Gentry

Reference: FP 1362: 40; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 119. 


$


 Adenophaedra megalophylla M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Adenophaedra megalophylla M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 155. 
Ecology: Native tree. . 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   
Voucher: Foster & Achille 17661 (DAV)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Adenopodia minutiflora (Ducke) Brenan


Adenopodia minutiflora (Ducke) Brenan = Piptadenia uaupensis Spruce ex Benth.

Reference: Brenan, J. P. M., 1986: 84; Barneby, R. C., 1986: 228. 


$


 Adenopodia polystachya (L.) J. Dixon ex Croat


Adenopodia polystachya (L.) J. Dixon ex Croat = Entada polystachya (L.) DC.

Reference: Croat, T. B., 1978: 426. 


$


 Adenopodia uaupensis (Spruce ex Benth.) Brenan


Adenopodia uaupensis (Spruce ex Benth.) Brenan = Piptadenia uaupensis Spruce ex Benth.

Reference: Brenan, J. P. M., 1986: 82; Barneby, R. C., 1986: 228. 


$


 Adenostemma fosbergii R.M. King & H. Rob.



Adenostemma fosbergii R.M. King & H. Rob.

Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 60, 477. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: terra firme forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Fosberg 19918* (US), Klug 2925 (US!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Adenostemma platyphyllum Cass.



Adenostemma platyphyllum Cass.

Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 60, 478. 
Ecology. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 8217 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes.


$


 Adenostemma vargasii R.M. King & H. Rob.



Adenostemma vargasii R.M. King & H. Rob.

Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 60, 478. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: rocky slopes. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 1283* (US!), Foster 3019 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco, Madre de Dios.


$


 Adesmia augusti J.F. Macbr.



Adesmia augusti J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 404; Ulibarri, E. A., 1986: 344. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: shrublands. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7389* (F), Hutchison & Wright 7221 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Arequipa, Tacna.


$


 Adesmia dentata (Lag.) DC.


Adesmia dentata (Lag.) DC. = Adesmia muricata var. dentata (Lag.) Benth.

Reference: FP 21: 405; Burkart, A., 1967: 509. 


$


 Adesmia hispidula (Lag.) DC.



Adesmia hispidula (Lag.) DC.

Synonyms: Adesmia hispidula (Lag.) J.F. Macbr., Adesmia hispidula Lag.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 406; Burkart, A., 1954: 494. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2000-3500 m. 
Note: Treated in the Flora of Peru as a variety of A. muricata.  
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (P), Vargas 11092 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Lima.


$


 Adesmia melanthes Philippi



Adesmia melanthes Philippi

Reference: Ulibarri, E. A., 1986: 332. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: rocky slopes, shrublands. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Tovar 5132 (SI)
Departments: Arequipa.


$


 Adesmia miraflorensis Remy



Adesmia miraflorensis Remy

Synonyms: Adesmia miraflorensis J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 405; Ulibarri, E. A., 1984: 358; Ulibarri, E. A., 1986: 382. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III: riversides, rocky slopes. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 5063 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Moquegua, Puno.


$


 Adesmia muricata (Jacq.) DC.



Adesmia muricata (Jacq.) DC.

$


 Adesmia muricata Gillies ex Hook. & Arn. var.muricata



Adesmia muricata Gillies ex Hook. & Arn. var. muricata 

Synonyms: Adesmia muricata muricata Jacq.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 405; Burkart, A., 1954: 470; Franquemont, C., T. Plowman, E. Franquemont, S. R. King, C. Niezgoda, W. Davis & C. R. Sperling, 1990: 79. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Andean II: rocky slopes, shrublands. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 1519 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Adesmia muricata var.dentata (Lag.) Benth.



Adesmia muricata var. dentata (Lag.) Benth.

Synonyms: Adesmia muricata dentata (Lag.) DC., Adesmia muricata dentata Lag., Adesmia muricata dentata Poir., Adesmia muricata var. dentata (Poir.) Burkart
Reference: Rudd, V. E., 1955: 132; Burkart, A., 1954: 476. 
Ecology: Native herb. Coastal: lomas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Llatas 493 (MO!)
Departments: Lambayeque.


$


 Adesmia muricata var. hispidula (Lag.) J.F. Macbr.


Adesmia muricata var. hispidula (Lag.) J.F. Macbr. = Adesmia hispidula (Lag.) DC.

Reference: FP 21: 406; Burkart, A., 1954: 495. 


$


 Adesmia muricata var. peruviana Vargas & Burkart


Adesmia muricata var. peruviana Vargas & Burkart = Adesmia subnuda var. peruviana (Vargas & Burkart) Burkart

Reference: Burkart, A., 1954: 494. 


$


 Adesmia muricata var. pimpinellifolia (Poir.) Burkart


Adesmia muricata var. pimpinellifolia (Poir.) Burkart = Adesmia muricata var. dentata (Lag.) Benth.

Reference: FP 21: 406; Burkart, A., 1954: 476. 


$


 Adesmia spinosissima Meyen ex J. Vogel



Adesmia spinosissima Meyen ex J. Vogel

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 406; Ulibarri, E. A., 1986: 377. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III: rocky slopes, shrublands. 3000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 9962 (SI, USM)
Departments: Arequipa, Ayacucho, Moquegua, Puno, Tacna.


$


 Adesmia subnuda (A. Gray) Burkart



Adesmia subnuda (A. Gray) Burkart

$


 Adesmia subnuda var.peruviana (Vargas & Burkart) Burkart



Adesmia subnuda var. peruviana (Vargas & Burkart) Burkart

Synonyms: Adesmia subnuda var. peruviana Vargas & Burkart
Reference: Burkart, A., 1954: 494. 
Ecology: Endemic herb, subshrub. Andean II: shrublands. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 3385* (CUZ, SI), Soukup 2937 (SI)
Departments: Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Adesmia verrucosa Meyen



Adesmia verrucosa Meyen

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 407; Ragonese, A. M., 1969: 180. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean III: rocky slopes, shrublands. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Meyen s.n.* (B photo F!), Hutchison & Wright 7244 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Arequipa.


$


 Adesmia vicina J.F. Macbr.


Adesmia vicina J.F. Macbr. = Adesmia miraflorensis Remy

Reference: FP 21: 407; Ulibarri, E. A., 1986: 383; Ulibarri, E. A., 1984: 358. 


$


 Adhatoda pilosa Nees


Adhatoda pilosa Nees = Justicia pilosa (Nees) Lindau

$


 Adiantopsis chlorophylla (Sw.) F&eacute;e


Adiantopsis chlorophylla (Sw.) F&eacute;e = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 98. 


$


 Adiantopsis radiata (L.) F&eacute;e


Adiantopsis radiata (L.) F&eacute;e = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 99. 


$


 Adiantum alarconianum Gaudich.



Adiantum alarconianum Gaudich.

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 149. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Coronado 218 (GH)


$


 Adiantum anceps Maxon & C.V. Morton



Adiantum anceps Maxon & C.V. Morton

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 143. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 24069* (US), Klug 2688 (MO!, USM)


$


 Adiantum boliviense C. Chr. & Rosenst.


Adiantum boliviense C. Chr. & Rosenst. = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 169. 


$


 Adiantum capillus-veneris L.



Adiantum capillus-veneris L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 166. 
Ecology: Introduced herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Coronado 4 (MO!)
Departments: Ica, Lima.


$


 Adiantum cayennense Kl.



Adiantum cayennense Kl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 161. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Tryon & Tryon 5276 (MO, USM)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$



$


 Adiantum chilense var. hirsutum Hook. & Grev.


Adiantum chilense var. hirsutum Hook. & Grev. = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 173. 


$


 Adiantum colpodes T. Moore


Adiantum colpodes T. Moore = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 169. 


$


 Adiantum concinnum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.



Adiantum concinnum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 168. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 10813 (GH, USM)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Piura, Tumbes.


$


 Adiantum crespianum Bosco


Adiantum crespianum Bosco = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 143. 


$


 Adiantum cuneatum Langsd. & Fisch.


Adiantum cuneatum Langsd. & Fisch. = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 169. 


$


 Adiantum decorum Moore


Adiantum decorum Moore = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 169. 


$


 Adiantum deflectens Mart.



Adiantum deflectens Mart.

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 180. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Mexia 8088a (MO!)


$


 Adiantum digitatum Hook.



Adiantum digitatum Hook.

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 178. 
Ecology: Native herb. lomas, terra firme forests. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 6917 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Puno, Tumbes.


$


 Adiantum fructuosum Poepp. ex Spreng.



Adiantum fructuosum Poepp. ex Spreng.

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 156. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Tryon & Tryon 5177 (MO, USM)


$


 Adiantum glanduliferum Link


Adiantum glanduliferum Link = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 173. 


$


 Adiantum guianense Aubl.


Adiantum guianense Aubl. = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 238. 


$


 Adiantum henslovianum Hook. f.



Adiantum henslovianum Hook. f.

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 164. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Corell & Smith P807 (GH)


$


 Adiantum henslovianum var. macrosorum Hieron.


Adiantum henslovianum var. macrosorum Hieron. = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 164. 


$


 Adiantum humile Kunze



Adiantum humile Kunze

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 161. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 24003 (US)


$


 Adiantum imbricatum R.M. Tryon



Adiantum imbricatum R.M. Tryon

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 177. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: B&uuml;es 1303 (US)


$


 Adiantum incisum C. Presl


Adiantum incisum C. Presl = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 149. 


$


 Adiantum kalbreyeri C. Chr.



Adiantum kalbreyeri C. Chr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 154. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Mexia 8175 (MO)


$


 Adiantum killipii Maxon & Weath.


Adiantum killipii Maxon & Weath. = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 161. 


$


 Adiantum laetum Mett. ex Kuhn


Adiantum laetum Mett. ex Kuhn = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 164. 


$


 Adiantum lancea L.


Adiantum lancea L. = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 241. 


$


 Adiantum latifolium Lam.



Adiantum latifolium Lam.

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 151. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Klug 1631 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Adiantum lobatum Presl



Adiantum lobatum Presl

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 165. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Correll & Smith P801 (US)


$


 Adiantum lucidum (Cav.) Sw.



Adiantum lucidum (Cav.) Sw.

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 148. 
Ecology. . 
Voucher: Ridoutt s.n. (US, USM)


$


 Adiantum lucidum var. poeppigianum Kuhn


Adiantum lucidum var. poeppigianum Kuhn = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 148. 


$


 Adiantum macrocladum Klotzsch



Adiantum macrocladum Klotzsch

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 159. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Mexia 8292* (US), Poeppig s.n. (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Adiantum macrophyllum Sw.



Adiantum macrophyllum Sw.

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 144. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Mexia 8186 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Adiantum mathewsianum Hook.



Adiantum mathewsianum Hook.

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 141. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 3296* (K, photo US), Soukup 1116 (F!)


$


 Adiantum mexiae Copel.


Adiantum mexiae Copel. = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 159. 


$


 Adiantum microsorium C. Chr.


Adiantum microsorium C. Chr. = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 176. 


$


 Adiantum moorei Baker


Adiantum moorei Baker = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 169. 


$


 Adiantum obliquum Willd.



Adiantum obliquum Willd.

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 150. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Tryon & Tryon 5201 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Adiantum orbignyanum Kuhn



Adiantum orbignyanum Kuhn

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 175. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 13621 (F!)


$


 Adiantum pactinatum Ettingsh.



Adiantum pactinatum Ettingsh.

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 162. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Tryon & Tryon 5437 (MO, USM)


$


 Adiantum palmatum Moore


Adiantum palmatum Moore = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 178. 


$


 Adiantum patens Willd.



Adiantum patens Willd.

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 165. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 3352 (MO!)


$


 Adiantum peruvianum Klotzsch



Adiantum peruvianum Klotzsch

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 141. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz 25 (US), Tryon & Tryon 5313 (MO, USM)


$


 Adiantum petiolatum Desv.



Adiantum petiolatum Desv.

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 149. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Tryon & Tryon 5191 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Adiantum platyphyllum Sw.



Adiantum platyphyllum Sw.

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 144. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 3490 (MO!)


$


 Adiantum poeppigianum (Kuhn) Hieron.



Adiantum poeppigianum (Kuhn) Hieron.

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 148. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 2268* (B), Williams 5097 (F!)


$


 Adiantum poiretii fo. hirsutum (Hook. & Grev.) Hicken


Adiantum poiretii fo. hirsutum (Hook. & Grev.) Hicken = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 173. 


$


 Adiantum poiretii var.hirsutum (Hook. & Grev.) R.M. Tryon



Adiantum poiretii var. hirsutum (Hook. & Grev.) R.M. Tryon

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 173. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: lomas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Coronado 42 (US)


$


 Adiantum poiretii var.sulphureum (Kaulf.) R.M. Tryon



Adiantum poiretii var. sulphureum (Kaulf.) R.M. Tryon

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 173. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: lomas. 500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 13189 (F!)


$


 Adiantum poiretii Wikstr&ouml;m



Adiantum poiretii Wikstr&ouml;m

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 171. 


$


 Adiantum poiretii Wikstr&ouml;m var.poiretii



Adiantum poiretii Wikstr&ouml;m var. poiretii 

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 172. 
Ecology: Native herb. terra firme forests. 1000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Tryon & Tryon 5468 (MO, USM)


$


 Adiantum pulverulentum L.



Adiantum pulverulentum L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 157. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Tryon & Tryon 5194 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco.


$


 Adiantum raddianum C. Presl



Adiantum raddianum C. Presl

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 169. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Tryon & Tryon 5368 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, Lima, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes.


$


 Adiantum radiatum L.


Adiantum radiatum L. = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 99. 


$


 Adiantum remyanum Esp. Bustos


Adiantum remyanum Esp. Bustos = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 169. 


$


 Adiantum rubellum Moore


Adiantum rubellum Moore = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 169. 


$


 Adiantum rufopunctatum Kuhn


Adiantum rufopunctatum Kuhn = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 169. 


$


 Adiantum ruizianum Klotzsch



Adiantum ruizianum Klotzsch

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 175. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 1000-2000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz 26* (B), Stree s.n. (MO)


$


 Adiantum scalare R.M. Tryon



Adiantum scalare R.M. Tryon

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 146. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 26741 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Adiantum serratodentatum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.



Adiantum serratodentatum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 152. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 35103 (MO!)


$


 Adiantum sessilifolium Hook.



Adiantum sessilifolium Hook.

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 164. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Bryan 428 (F!), Mathews 1855* (K)


$


 Adiantum speciosum Hook.


Adiantum speciosum Hook. = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 178. 


$


 Adiantum steerei Harr.


Adiantum steerei Harr. = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 176. 


$


 Adiantum subvolubile Mett. ex Kuhn



Adiantum subvolubile Mett. ex Kuhn

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 167. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: lomas. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Tryon & Tryon 5214 (MO, USM)


$


 Adiantum sulphureum Kaulf.


Adiantum sulphureum Kaulf. = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 173. 


$


 Adiantum terminatum Kunze ex Miq.



Adiantum terminatum Kunze ex Miq.

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 160. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Tryon & Tryon 5327 (MO, USM)


$


 Adiantum tetraphyllum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.



Adiantum tetraphyllum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 155. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Tryon & Tryon 5438 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes, Ucayali.


$


 Adiantum tinctum Moore


Adiantum tinctum Moore = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 169. 


$


 Adiantum tomentosum Klotzsch



Adiantum tomentosum Klotzsch

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 157. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Tryon & Tryon 5295 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Adiantum veitchianum Moore


Adiantum veitchianum Moore = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 175. 


$


 Adiantum villosissimum Kuhn



Adiantum villosissimum Kuhn

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 155. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 24691 (F!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Adiantum villosum L.



Adiantum villosum L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 154. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Tryon & Tryon 5197 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto.


$


 Adiantum weatherbyanum Esp. Bustos


Adiantum weatherbyanum Esp. Bustos = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 173. 


$


 Adiantum williamsii Moore


Adiantum williamsii Moore = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 173. 


$


 Adipera bicapsularis (L.) Britton & Rose ex Britton & P. Wilson


Adipera bicapsularis (L.) Britton & Rose ex Britton & P. Wilson = Senna bicapsularis (L.) Roxb. var. bicapsularis 

Reference: FP 21: 157; Carrillo, F. E., 1974: 57; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 401. 


$


 Adipera laevigata (Willd.) Britton & Rose ex Britton & P. Wilson


Adipera laevigata (Willd.) Britton & Rose ex Britton & P. Wilson = Senna septemtrionalis (Viviani) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 170; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 366. 


$


 Adipera tomentosa (L. f.) Britton & Rose


Adipera tomentosa (L. f.) Britton & Rose = Senna multiglandulosa (Jacq.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 183; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 357. 


$


 Adiscanthus fusciflorus Ducke



Adiscanthus fusciflorus Ducke

Reference: Flora Peru: 655: 676; Gereau, R. E., 1990: 368. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree, treelet. Amazonian: forests on white sand. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez et al. 7498 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Aechmea amazonica Ule


Aechmea amazonica Ule = Aechmea chantinii fo. amazonica (Ule) H. Luther

Reference: FP 1179: 587; Luther, H. E., 1987: 56. 


$


 Aechmea angustifolia Poepp. & Endl.



Aechmea angustifolia Poepp. & Endl.

Synonyms: Aechmea angustifolia (Poepp. & Endl.) Beer, Aechmea angustifolia Baker, Aechmea angustifolia Mez, Aechmea angustifolia Rusby
Reference: Flora Peru: 1179: 589; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1837. 
Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 1823* (W lost), Wurdack 2269 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Aechmea anomala L.B. Sm.



Aechmea anomala L.B. Sm.

Synonyms: Aechmea anomala (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. & W.J. Kress
Reference: Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1895; Smith, L. B. & W. J. Kress, 1990: 272. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   The specimen cited from Peru in Smith & Downs (1979) is redetermined by Luther (pers. comm.) as A. retusa.  


$


 Aechmea boliviana Rusby


Aechmea boliviana Rusby = Aechmea angustifolia Poepp. & Endl.

Reference: FP 1179: 589; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1837. 


$


 Aechmea bromeliifolia (Rudge) Baker



Aechmea bromeliifolia (Rudge) Baker

Synonyms: Aechmea bromeliifolia (Rudge) Beer, Aechmea bromeliifolia Rudge
Reference: Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1929. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Smith et al. 637 (US!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Madre de Dios.


$


 Aechmea chantinii (Carri&egrave;re) Baker



Aechmea chantinii (Carri&egrave;re) Baker

$


 Aechmea chantinii fo.amazonica (Ule) H. Luther



Aechmea chantinii fo. amazonica (Ule) H. Luther

Synonyms: Aechmea chantinii amazonica Ule
Reference: Luther, H. E., 1987: 56. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 3377 (USM!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Aechmea chantinii fo.chantinii



Aechmea chantinii fo. chantinii 

Synonyms: Aechmea chantinii chantinii (Carri&egrave;re) L.B. Sm. & W.J. Kress, Aechmea chantinii chantinii Carri&egrave;re
Reference: Luther, H. E., 1987: 56. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: riversides. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 25812A (US!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Aechmea contracta (Mart. ex Schult. f.) Baker



Aechmea contracta (Mart. ex Schult. f.) Baker

Synonyms: Aechmea contracta (Mart. ex Schult. f.) L.B. Sm. & W.J. Kress, Aechmea contracta Mart. ex Schult. f.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1179: 590; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1893. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: McDaniel 18834 (US!)
Departments: Loreto, Pasco.


$


 Aechmea cornui Carri&egrave;re


Aechmea cornui Carri&egrave;re = Aechmea nudicaulis var. aureorosea (Antoine) L.B. Sm.

Reference: FP 1179: 590; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1925. 
Note: NN  


$


 Aechmea corymbosa (Mart. ex Schult.f.) Mez



Aechmea corymbosa (Mart. ex Schult.f.) Mez

Synonyms: Aechmea corymbosa Mart. ex Schult.f.
Reference: Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1785. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 31619 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto.


$


 Aechmea cumingii Baker


Aechmea cumingii Baker = Aechmea angustifolia Poepp. & Endl.

Reference: FP 1179: 589; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1838. 


$


 Aechmea cylindrica Mez


Aechmea cylindrica Mez = Aechmea angustifolia Poepp. & Endl.

Reference: FP 1179: 589; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1882. 


$


 Aechmea fernandae (E. Morren) Baker



Aechmea fernandae (E. Morren) Baker

Synonyms: Aechmea fernandae (E. Morren) L.B. Sm. & W.J. Kress, Aechmea fernandae E. Morren
Reference: Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1940; Luther, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Foster 11990 (F!)
Departments: Madre de Dios.


$


 Aechmea ferruginea L.B. Sm.



Aechmea ferruginea L.B. Sm.

Synonyms: Aechmea ferruginea (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. & W.J. Kress
Reference: Flora Peru: 1179: 586; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1782. 
Ecology. 1500-2000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Killip & Smith 25815* (US!)
Departments: Pasco.


$


 Aechmea fraseri Baker



Aechmea fraseri Baker

Synonyms: Aechmea fraseri (Baker) L.B. Sm. & W.J. Kress
Reference: Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1909; Luther, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: forests. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Bues s.n. (GH)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Aechmea friedrichsthalii Mez & Donn. Sm.


Aechmea friedrichsthalii Mez & Donn. Sm. = Aechmea penduliflora Andr&eacute;

Reference: FP 1179: 589; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1855. 


$


 Aechmea fuerstenbergii E. Morren & Wittm.


Aechmea fuerstenbergii E. Morren & Wittm. = Streptocalyx furstenburgii (E. Morren & Wittm.) E. Morren

Reference: FP 1179: 582; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1522. 


$


 Aechmea hoppii (Harms) L.B. Sm.



Aechmea hoppii (Harms) L.B. Sm.

Synonyms: Aechmea hoppii Harms
Reference: Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1799. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 2437 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Aechmea inermis Mez


Aechmea inermis Mez = Aechmea penduliflora Andr&eacute;

Reference: FP 1179: 589; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1855. 


$


 Aechmea kienastii E. Morren ex Mez


Aechmea kienastii E. Morren ex Mez = Aechmea tillandsioides (C. Mart. ex Schult. & Schult.f.) Baker

Reference: Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1903; Luther, pers. comm.. 


$


 Aechmea longicuspis Baker



Aechmea longicuspis Baker

Reference: Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1817. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I: disturbed areas, seasonally inundated areas. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Smith  205 (US!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Madre de Dios, Pasco.


$


 Aechmea mertensii (Mey.?) Schult. f.



Aechmea mertensii (Mey.?) Schult. f.

Synonyms: Aechmea mertensii Hook., Aechmea mertensii Mart. ex Schult.f., Aechmea mertensii Mey.?
Reference: Flora Peru: 1179: 588; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1809. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 3189A (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Aechmea moorei H. Luther



Aechmea moorei H. Luther

Synonyms: Aechmea moorei (H. Luther) L.B. Sm. & W.J. Kress
Reference: Luther, H. E., 1980: 177. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Moore & Holmes s.n.* (SEL)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Aechmea mucroniflora Hook.


Aechmea mucroniflora Hook. = Aechmea mertensii (Mey.?) Schult. f.

Reference: FP 1179: 588; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1809. 


$


 Aechmea nallyi L.B. Sm.



Aechmea nallyi L.B. Sm.

Reference: Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1841. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Moore s.n.* (US!), Davidson & Jones 7705 (US!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Aechmea nidularioides L.B. Sm.



Aechmea nidularioides L.B. Sm.

Reference: Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1818. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ayala s.n. (US!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Aechmea nudicaulis (L.) Griseb.



Aechmea nudicaulis (L.) Griseb.

$


 Aechmea nudicaulis (L.) Griseb. var.nudicaulis



Aechmea nudicaulis (L.) Griseb. var. nudicaulis 

Synonyms: Aechmea nudicaulis nudicaulis (L.) Baker, Aechmea nudicaulis nudicaulis (L.) K. Koch, Aechmea nudicaulis nudicaulis (L.) Lindl., Aechmea nudicaulis nudicaulis (L.) Regel, Aechmea nudicaulis nudicaulis Beer, Aechmea nudicaulis nudicaulis hort. ex Baker, Aechmea nudicaulis nudicaulis hort. ex Beer, Aechmea nudicaulis nudicaulis L., Aechmea nudicaulis nudicaulis Roem. & Schult.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1179: 590; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1923. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: riversides. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: L&oacute;pez et al. s.n. (US)
Departments: Amazonas, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Aechmea nudicaulis var. aureorosea (Antoine) L.B. Sm.


Aechmea nudicaulis var. aureorosea (Antoine) L.B. Sm. = ?  

Reference: FP 6106: 1925. 
Note: NN  


$


 Aechmea nudicaulis var.cuspidata Baker



Aechmea nudicaulis var. cuspidata Baker

Synonyms: Aechmea nudicaulis cuspidata (Mart. ex Schult.f.) Beer, Aechmea nudicaulis cuspidata (Vell.) Beer, Aechmea nudicaulis cuspidata G. Mey., Aechmea nudicaulis cuspidata Gaudich., Aechmea nudicaulis cuspidata Lindm., Aechmea nudicaulis cuspidata Mart., Aechmea nudicaulis cuspidata Vell.
Reference: Flora Peru: 6106: 1924. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Aechmea paniculata Ruiz & Pav.



Aechmea paniculata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1179: 588; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1812. 
Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (photo US)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


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 Aechmea penduliflora Andr&eacute;



Aechmea penduliflora Andr&eacute;

Synonyms: Aechmea penduliflora Mart. ex Schult.f., Aechmea penduliflora Mez, Aechmea penduliflora Mez, Aechmea penduliflora Mez & Donn. Sm.
Reference: Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1855. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 3801 (US!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Aechmea pyramidalis Benth.



Aechmea pyramidalis Benth.

Reference: Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1836. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 2387 (US!)
Departments: Tumbes.


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 Aechmea retusa L.B. Sm.



Aechmea retusa L.B. Sm.

Synonyms: Aechmea retusa (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. & W.J. Kress
Reference: Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1895. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Nally s.n.* (US), Berlin 833 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas.


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 Aechmea schultesiana Mez


Aechmea schultesiana Mez = Aechmea penduliflora Andr&eacute;

Reference: FP 1179: 589; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1855. 


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 Aechmea setigera C. Mart. ex Schult. & Schult. f.



Aechmea setigera C. Mart. ex Schult. & Schult. f.

Reference: Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1815. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Croat 20147 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Aechmea spicata Mart. ex Schult.f.


Aechmea spicata Mart. ex Schult.f. = Aechmea mertensii (Mey.?) Schult. f.

Reference: FP 1179: 588; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1809. 


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 Aechmea strobilacea L.B. Sm.



Aechmea strobilacea L.B. Sm.

Synonyms: Aechmea strobilacea (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. & W.J. Kress
Reference: Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1941; Luther, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 3379 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Aechmea sulcata Lindm.


Aechmea sulcata Lindm. = Aechmea nudicaulis var. cuspidata Baker

Reference: FP 1179: 590; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1924. 
Note: NN  


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 Aechmea tessmannii Harms



Aechmea tessmannii Harms

Synonyms: Aechmea tessmannii (Harms) L.B. Sm. & W.J. Kress
Reference: Flora Peru: 1179: 587; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1904. 
Ecology: Endemic epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Tessmann 3937* (B photo F), Klug 1009 (US!)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Aechmea tillandsioides (C. Mart. ex Schult. & Schult.f.) Baker



Aechmea tillandsioides (C. Mart. ex Schult. & Schult.f.) Baker

Synonyms: Aechmea tillandsioides (E. Morren ex Mez) L.B. Sm., Aechmea tillandsioides C. Mart. ex Schult. & Schult.f., Aechmea tillandsioides E. Morren ex Mez
Reference: Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1979; Luther, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 56118 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Ucayali.


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 Aechmea tillandsioides var. kienastii (E. Morren ex Mez) L.B. Sm.


Aechmea tillandsioides var. kienastii (E. Morren ex Mez) L.B. Sm. = Aechmea tillandsioides (C. Mart. ex Schult. & Schult.f.) Baker

Reference: Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1903; Luther, pers. comm.. 


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 Aechmea veitchii Baker



Aechmea veitchii Baker

Synonyms: Aechmea veitchii (Baker) E. Morren
Reference: Flora Peru: 1179: 591; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1936. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Andean I: forests. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Dudley 13267 (NA)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


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 Aechmea weberbaueri Harms



Aechmea weberbaueri Harms

Reference: Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1908. 
Ecology. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 8041* (B photo B), Rauh 20347 (US!)
Departments: Lambayeque.


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 Aechmea woronowii Harms



Aechmea woronowii Harms

Synonyms: Aechmea woronowii Singerland
Reference: Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1861. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 22010 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Aegiphila alba Moldenke



Aegiphila alba Moldenke

Reference: L&oacute;pez-Palacios, S., 1976: 37. 
Ecology: Native tree. .. 0-1500 m. 
Note: A doubtful taxon according to Lopez-Palacios (1976); not cited for Peru by Moldenke (1980).  
Voucher: Croat 21122 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


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 Aegiphila amazonica Moldenke


Aegiphila amazonica Moldenke = Aegiphila integrifolia var. guianensis (Moldenke) L&oacute;pez-Pal.

Reference: Moldenke, H. N., 1940: 378; Moldenke, H. N., 1983: 240; Jansen-Jacobs, M. J., 1988: 1988. 


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 Aegiphila arborescens (Aubl.) Gmelin


Aegiphila arborescens (Aubl.) Gmelin = Aegiphila integrifolia var. integrifolia 

Reference: FP 1286: 711; L&oacute;pez-Palacios, S., 1977: 87. 


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 Aegiphila boliviana Moldenke



Aegiphila boliviana Moldenke

Reference: Moldenke, H. N., 1933: 114. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, riversides. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Smith 4441 (MO!)
Departments: Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Aegiphila bracteolosa Moldenke



Aegiphila bracteolosa Moldenke

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 704; Jansen-Jacobs, M. J., 1988: 6. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests on white sand. 0-1000 m. 
Note: Possibly conspecific with A. amazonica (Jansen-Jacobs, 1988).  
Voucher: Knapp & Mallet 6908 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Aegiphila caucensis Moldenke



Aegiphila caucensis Moldenke

Reference: Moldenke, H. N., 1933: 117. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 936 (US)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Aegiphila chrysantha Hayek



Aegiphila chrysantha Hayek

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 Aegiphila chrysantha var.chrysantha



Aegiphila chrysantha var. chrysantha 

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 705; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 131. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, rocky slopes. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 2314* (W), N&uacute;&ntilde;ez 6844 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Aegiphila chrysantha var.glabra Moldenke



Aegiphila chrysantha var. glabra Moldenke

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 705; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 131. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: forests, riversides. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Klug 3894* (NY)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Aegiphila cordata Poepp.



Aegiphila cordata Poepp.

$


 Aegiphila cordata var.colombiana Moldenke



Aegiphila cordata var. colombiana Moldenke

Reference: L&oacute;pez-Palacios, S., 1976: 38. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Note: L&oacute;pez-Palacios (1976) suggests that this is a form of A. fendleri Moldenke. 
Voucher: Vargas 18823 (US)
Departments: Madre de Dios.


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 Aegiphila cordata var.cordata



Aegiphila cordata var. cordata 

Synonyms: Aegiphila cordata cordata Moldenke, Aegiphila cordata var. cordata (Moldenke) Moldenke
Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 705; Moldenke, H. N., 1982: 256. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 2158* (W), Schunke 6652 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Aegiphila cordata var. villosissima (Moldenke) Moldenke


Aegiphila cordata var. villosissima (Moldenke) Moldenke = Aegiphila cordata var. cordata 

Reference: Moldenke, H. N., 1973: 298. 


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 Aegiphila cordifolia (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Moldenke



Aegiphila cordifolia (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Moldenke

Synonyms: Aegiphila cordifolia Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 706; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 131. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree, vine. Amazonian: disturbed areas, riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (G photo F!), Gentry & Young 31766 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Madre de Dios.


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 Aegiphila cuneata Moldenke



Aegiphila cuneata Moldenke

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 Aegiphila cuneata var.cuneata



Aegiphila cuneata var. cuneata 

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 705; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 131. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 28386* (NY), N&uacute;&ntilde;ez 5891 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.


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 Aegiphila cuneata var.hirsutissima Moldenke



Aegiphila cuneata var. hirsutissima Moldenke

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 707; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 131. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Killip & Smith 29040* (NY)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Aegiphila elata Sw.



Aegiphila elata Sw.

Reference: L&oacute;pez-Palacios, S., 1977: 54. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I: riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ayala 2932 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Ucayali.


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 Aegiphila elegans Moldenke



Aegiphila elegans Moldenke

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 707; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 131. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub, subshrub, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 27055* (US), Gentry & Revilla 16363 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Aegiphila filipes Mart. & Schauer ex Schauer in A. DC.



Aegiphila filipes Mart. & Schauer ex Schauer in A. DC.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 708; L&oacute;pez-Palacios, S., 1977: 67. 
Ecology: Cultivated shrub, vine. Amazonian: disturbed areas, riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Criollo 6690 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Aegiphila glabrata fo.glabrata



Aegiphila glabrata fo. glabrata 

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 708; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 131. 
Ecology: Endemic liana, shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 25503* (US), Rimachi 6821 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto.


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 Aegiphila glabrata fo.macrophylla Moldenke



Aegiphila glabrata fo. macrophylla Moldenke

Reference: Moldenke, H. N., 1982: 230. 
Ecology: Endemic treelet. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Prance et al. 24086* (NY)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Aegiphila glabrata Moldenke



Aegiphila glabrata Moldenke

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 Aegiphila glandulifera Moldenke



Aegiphila glandulifera Moldenke

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 Aegiphila glandulifera var.glandulifera



Aegiphila glandulifera var. glandulifera 

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 709; L&oacute;pez-Palacios, S., 1977: 74. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 6073 (NY)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Aegiphila glandulifera var.peruviana Moldenke



Aegiphila glandulifera var. peruviana Moldenke

Reference: Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 288. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Ferreyra 10091* (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Aegiphila guianensis Moldenke


Aegiphila guianensis Moldenke = Aegiphila integrifolia var. guianensis (Moldenke) L&oacute;pez-Pal.

Reference: L&oacute;pez-Palacios, S., 1977: 94. 


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 Aegiphila haughtii fo.haughtii



Aegiphila haughtii fo. haughtii 

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 710; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 131. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Young & Stratton 305 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Aegiphila haughtii fo.serratifolia Moldenke



Aegiphila haughtii fo. serratifolia Moldenke

Reference: Moldenke, H. N., 1981: 438. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Amazonian: forests, riversides. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Terborgh & Foster 6525* (US)
Departments: Madre de Dios.


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 Aegiphila haughtii Moldenke



Aegiphila haughtii Moldenke

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 Aegiphila hirsuta Moldenke



Aegiphila hirsuta Moldenke

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 710; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 173. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Note: Moldenke (1980) cites this taxon as endemic to Bolivia. 
Voucher: Ayala et al. 2572 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Aegiphila hoehnei Moldenke



Aegiphila hoehnei Moldenke

Reference: Moldenke, H. N., 1937: 224; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 328. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Moldenke (1980f) cites this taxon as endemic to Brazil. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 29798 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Aegiphila insignis Moldenke



Aegiphila insignis Moldenke

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 710; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 131. 
Ecology: Endemic liana. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n (Tafalla) s.n.* (B), Schunke 10841 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Hu&aacute;nuco, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Aegiphila integrifolia (Jacq.) Jacq. ex B.D. Jacks.



Aegiphila integrifolia (Jacq.) Jacq. ex B.D. Jacks.

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 Aegiphila integrifolia var.guianensis (Moldenke) L&oacute;pez-Pal.



Aegiphila integrifolia var. guianensis (Moldenke) L&oacute;pez-Pal.

Synonyms: Aegiphila integrifolia guianensis Moldenke, Aegiphila integrifolia guianensis Moldenke
Reference: L&oacute;pez-Palacios, S., 1977: 94; Jansen-Jacobs, M. J., 1988: 9. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Note: Possibly a synonym of A. integrifolia (Jansen-Jacobs, 1988).  
Voucher: Williams 2052 (NY)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Aegiphila integrifolia var.integrifolia



Aegiphila integrifolia var. integrifolia 

Synonyms: Aegiphila integrifolia integrifolia (Aubl.) Gmelin, Aegiphila integrifolia integrifolia Aubl., Aegiphila integrifolia integrifolia Jacq., Aegiphila integrifolia integrifolia Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 711; L&oacute;pez-Palacios, S., 1977: 87. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests on white sand, riversides. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Smith 3765 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Pasco, Piura, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Aegiphila laevis (Aubl.) J.F. Gmel.



Aegiphila laevis (Aubl.) J.F. Gmel.

Synonyms: Aegiphila laevis Aubl.
Reference: L&oacute;pez-Palacios, S., 1977: 104. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez 8292 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Aegiphila lanceolata Moldenke



Aegiphila lanceolata Moldenke

Reference: Moldenke, H. N., 1933: 129. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 41961 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Pasco.


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 Aegiphila longipetiolata Moldenke



Aegiphila longipetiolata Moldenke

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 712; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 131. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean I: forests. 1000-1500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 4667* (B)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Aegiphila loretensis Moldenke



Aegiphila loretensis Moldenke

Reference: Moldenke, H. N., 1984: 232. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Encarnaci&oacute;n 26125* (US)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Aegiphila membranacea Turcz.



Aegiphila membranacea Turcz.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 712; L&oacute;pez-Palacios, S., 1977: 122. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Tessmann 4666 (B)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Aegiphila mollis Kunth



Aegiphila mollis Kunth

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 Aegiphila mollis var.intermedia Moldenke



Aegiphila mollis var. intermedia Moldenke

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 713; L&oacute;pez-Palacios, S., 1977: 137. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


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 Aegiphila mollis var.mollis



Aegiphila mollis var. mollis 

Synonyms: Aegiphila mollis mollis Hayek, Aegiphila mollis mollis Kunth, Aegiphila mollis mollis Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 713; L&oacute;pez-Palacios, S., 1977: 130. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


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 Aegiphila mortoni Moldenke



Aegiphila mortoni Moldenke

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 713; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 131. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: forests, riversides. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Cook & Gilbert 1234* (US), Tupayachi & Galiano 811 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Aegiphila multiflora Ruiz & Pav.



Aegiphila multiflora Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Aegiphila multiflora Britton ex Rusby
Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 714; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 131. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n  s.n.* (B), Metcalf 30550 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Madre de Dios, Puno.


$


 Aegiphila mutisii Kunth


Aegiphila mutisii Kunth = Aegiphila mollis var. mollis 

Reference: FP 1286: 713; L&oacute;pez-Palacios, S., 1977: 130. 
Note: NN  


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 Aegiphila ovata Moldenke



Aegiphila ovata Moldenke

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 714; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 131. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Killip & Smith 26520* (US)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Aegiphila panamensis Moldenke



Aegiphila panamensis Moldenke

Synonyms: Aegiphila panamensis
Reference: Moldenke, H. N., 1973: 109. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 37100 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Aegiphila pavoniana Moldenke



Aegiphila pavoniana Moldenke

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 716; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 127. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   The type, Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n., is without locality information.  Moldenke (1980f) believes it to be from Ecuador. 


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 Aegiphila pendula var. pendula


Aegiphila pendula var. pendula = Aegiphila panamensis Moldenke

Reference: L&oacute;pez-Palacios, S., 1977: 148. 


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 Aegiphila pendula var. peruviana Moldenke


Aegiphila pendula var. peruviana Moldenke = Aegiphila sufflava var. sufflava 

Reference: Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 288. 


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 Aegiphila peruviana Turcz.



Aegiphila peruviana Turcz.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 716; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 131. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree, vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, seasonally inundated areas. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Spruce 4275* (G photo F!), Croat 20738 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Aegiphila pulcherrima Moldenke



Aegiphila pulcherrima Moldenke

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 716; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 131. 
Ecology: Endemic liana. Andean I: forests. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 443* (F), Schunke 400 (photo NY)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Aegiphila racemosa var. cordatifolia Moldenke


Aegiphila racemosa var. cordatifolia Moldenke = Aegiphila racemosa Vell.

Reference: Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 468. 


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 Aegiphila racemosa Vell.



Aegiphila racemosa Vell.

Synonyms: Aegiphila racemosa Moldenke
Reference: L&oacute;pez-Palacios, S., 1977: 159. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Croat 20738 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Aegiphila salutaris Kunth


Aegiphila salutaris Kunth = Aegiphila mollis var. mollis 

Reference: FP 1286: 713; L&oacute;pez-Palacios, S., 1977: 130. 
Note: NN  


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 Aegiphila smithii Moldenke



Aegiphila smithii Moldenke

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 717; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 131. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub, subshrub, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, grasslands, terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 26957* (NY), D&iacute;az & Jaramillo 261 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Aegiphila sordida Moldenke



Aegiphila sordida Moldenke

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 717; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 131. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Williams 5054* (F), Foster 8659 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Pasco.


$


 Aegiphila spicata (Rusby) Moldenke



Aegiphila spicata (Rusby) Moldenke

Synonyms: Aegiphila spicata Rusby
Reference: Moldenke, H. N., 1933: 129. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub, tree, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Ayala 2391 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Pasco, Ucayali.


$


 Aegiphila spruceana Moldenke



Aegiphila spruceana Moldenke

Reference: L&oacute;pez-Palacios, S., 1977: 168. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez et al. 7817 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Aegiphila sufflava Moldenke



Aegiphila sufflava Moldenke

$


 Aegiphila sufflava var.klugii Moldenke



Aegiphila sufflava var. klugii Moldenke

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 718; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 131. 
Ecology: Endemic liana. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Klug 2511* (NY)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Aegiphila sufflava var.sufflava



Aegiphila sufflava var. sufflava 

Synonyms: Aegiphila sufflava var. sufflava Moldenke
Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 718; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 131. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub, tree, vine. Amazonian: forests on white sand, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 27439* (NY), van der Werff et al. 9870 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Aegiphila triflora Moldenke


Aegiphila triflora Moldenke = Clerodendrum tessmannii Moldenke

Reference: FP 1286: 719; Moldenke, H. N., 1959: 231. 


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 Aegiphila umbraculiformis Moldenke



Aegiphila umbraculiformis Moldenke

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 719; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 131. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Stork & Horton 9495* (UC), Mathias & Taylor 5995 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Aegiphila velutinosa Moldenke



Aegiphila velutinosa Moldenke

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 719; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 131. 
Ecology. 1500-4000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Cook & Gilbert 1382* (US)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Aegiphila villosissima Moldenke


Aegiphila villosissima Moldenke = Aegiphila cordata var. cordata 

Reference: Moldenke, H. N., 1973: 298. 


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 Aegiphila vitelliniflora Klotzsch



Aegiphila vitelliniflora Klotzsch

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 720; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 522. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


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 Aegiphila volubilis Moldenke



Aegiphila volubilis Moldenke

Reference: Moldenke, H. N., 1984: 144. 
Note: Distribution based on Moldenke, 1984b, who cites no voucher. 
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Pasco.


$


 Aegopogon bryophilus D&ouml;ll



Aegopogon bryophilus D&ouml;ll

Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 186. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Llatas 1850 (CPUN!)
Departments: Piura.


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 Aegopogon cenchroides Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.



Aegopogon cenchroides Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.

Synonyms: Aegopogon cenchroides P. Beauv., Aegopogon cenchroides Rupr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 186; Tovar, O., 1957: 82. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Tupayachi 215 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Pasco.


$


 Aegopogon pusillus P. Beauv.


Aegopogon pusillus P. Beauv. = Aegopogon cenchroides Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.

Reference: FP 719: 186. 


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 Aegopogon submuticus Rupr.


Aegopogon submuticus Rupr. = Aegopogon cenchroides Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.

Reference: FP 719: 186. 


$


 Aequatorium cajamarcense H. Rob. & Cuatrec.



Aequatorium cajamarcense H. Rob. & Cuatrec.

Reference: Robinson, H. & J. Cuatrecasas, 1992: 411. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: D&iacute;az & Osores 2585* (MO)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Aequatorium carpishense (Cuatrec.) H. Rob. & Cuatrec.



Aequatorium carpishense (Cuatrec.) H. Rob. & Cuatrec.

Synonyms: Aequatorium carpishense Cuatrec.
Reference: Robinson, H. & J. Cuatrecasas, 1992: 412. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Ellenberg 2211* (U)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Aequatorium juninense H. Rob. & Cuatrec.



Aequatorium juninense H. Rob. & Cuatrec.

Reference: Robinson, H. & J. Cuatrecasas, 1992: 412. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: forests. 2500-3500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Killip & Smith 24434* (US), Killip & Smith 24402 (US)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Aequatorium rimachianum (Cuatrec.) H. Rob. & Cuatrec.



Aequatorium rimachianum (Cuatrec.) H. Rob. & Cuatrec.

Synonyms: Aequatorium rimachianum Cuatrec.
Reference: Robinson, H. & J. Cuatrecasas, 1992: 413. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Rimachi 4908* (F!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Aequatorium stellatopilosum (Greenman & Cuatrecasas ex Cuatrecasas) Jeffrey



Aequatorium stellatopilosum (Greenman & Cuatrecasas ex Cuatrecasas) Jeffrey

Synonyms: Aequatorium stellatopilosum DC., Aequatorium stellatopilosum Greenm. & Cuatrec.
Reference: Jeffrey, C., 1992: 62. 
Ecology. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 4946* (F), Sawada 63 (F)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Aequatorium tovarii Robinson & Cuatrecasas



Aequatorium tovarii Robinson & Cuatrecasas

Reference: Robinson, H. & J. Cuatrecasas, 1992: 413. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: forests. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Tovar 4781* (US), Tovar 4252 (US)
Departments: Huancavelica.


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 Aequatorium tuestae (Cuatrec.) H. Rob. & Cuatrec.



Aequatorium tuestae (Cuatrec.) H. Rob. & Cuatrec.

Synonyms: Aequatorium tuestae (Cuatrecasas) Cuatrec., Aequatorium tuestae Cuatrec.
Reference: Robinson, H. & J. Cuatrecasas, 1992: 413. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Tuesta & Woytkowski 34095 (F)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


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 Aeranthus fasciola (Lindley) Rchb. f.


Aeranthus fasciola (Lindley) Rchb. f. = Campylocentrum fasciola (Lindl.) Cogn.

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


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 Aeranthus hispidulus Rchb. f.


Aeranthus hispidulus Rchb. f. = Pachyphyllum hispidulum (Rchb. f.) Garay & Dunst.

Reference: FP 1510: 80; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


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 Aeranthus jamaicense Rchb. f. & Wullschl.


Aeranthus jamaicense Rchb. f. & Wullschl. = Campylocentrum micranthum (Lindl.) Rolfe

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


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 Aeranthus micranthus (Lindl.) Rchb. f.


Aeranthus micranthus (Lindl.) Rchb. f. = Campylocentrum micranthum (Lindl.) Rolfe

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


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 Aeschynomene americana L.



Aeschynomene americana L.

$


 Aeschynomene americana L. var.americana



Aeschynomene americana L. var. americana 

Reference: Rudd, V. E., 1955: 24. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & Jaramillo 41350 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Piura, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Aeschynomene americana var.glandulosa (Poir.) Rudd



Aeschynomene americana var. glandulosa (Poir.) Rudd

Synonyms: Aeschynomene americana glandulosa Poir.
Reference: Rudd, V. E., 1955: 26. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Coastal: lomas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 5922 (US)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Aeschynomene biflora Fawc. & Rendle


Aeschynomene biflora Fawc. & Rendle = Aeschynomene brasiliana (Poir.) DC. var. brasiliana 

Reference: FP 21: 441; Rudd, V. E., 1955: 77; Rudd, V. E., 1959: 48. 


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 Aeschynomene brasiliana (Poir.) DC.



Aeschynomene brasiliana (Poir.) DC.

$


 Aeschynomene brasiliana (Poir.) DC. var.brasiliana



Aeschynomene brasiliana (Poir.) DC. var. brasiliana 

Synonyms: Aeschynomene brasiliana brasiliana Fawc. & Rendle, Aeschynomene brasiliana brasiliana Mill., Aeschynomene brasiliana brasiliana Poir.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 441; Rudd, V. E., 1955: 77; Rudd, V. E., 1959: 48. 
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Andean I-II: disturbed areas. 1500-2500 m. 
Note: Treated in synonymy under Ae. biflora Fawcett & Rendle in the Flora of Peru.  
Voucher: Macbride 5483 (F)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Aeschynomene dentata Lag.


Aeschynomene dentata Lag. = Adesmia muricata var. dentata (Lag.) Benth.

Reference: FP 21: 405; Rudd, V. E., 1955: 132; Burkart, A., 1954: 476. 


$


 Aeschynomene egena (J.F. Macbr.) Rudd



Aeschynomene egena (J.F. Macbr.) Rudd

Synonyms: Aeschynomene egena J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Rudd, V. E., 1955: 122. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I: rocky slopes. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6176* (GH), Hutchison & Wright 4444 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Aeschynomene elegans Cham. & Schltdl.



Aeschynomene elegans Cham. & Schltdl.

$


 Aeschynomene elegans Cham. & Schltdl. var.elegans



Aeschynomene elegans Cham. & Schltdl. var. elegans 

Reference: Rudd, V. E., 1955: 85; Rudd, V. E., 1959: 50. 
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Andean II: shrublands. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 3272 (GH)
Departments: Amazonas.


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 Aeschynomene emerus Aubl.


Aeschynomene emerus Aubl. = Sesbania emerus (Aubl.) Urb.

Reference: Lewis, G. P., 1987: 242. 


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 Aeschynomene falcata (Poir.) DC.



Aeschynomene falcata (Poir.) DC.

Synonyms: Aeschynomene falcata Poir.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 442; Rudd, V. E., 1955: 88; Mackinder, B. A., P. E. Owen & K. Simpson, 1990: 21. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Andean I: disturbed areas. . 
Note: Rudd (1955) did not cite any Peruvian material under this species.  
Voucher: Spruce 4866 (K)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Aeschynomene glandulosa Poir.


Aeschynomene glandulosa Poir. = Aeschynomene americana var. glandulosa (Poir.) Rudd

Reference: Rudd, V. E., 1955: 26. 


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 Aeschynomene hispidula Lag.


Aeschynomene hispidula Lag. = Adesmia hispidula (Lag.) DC.

Reference: FP 21: 406; Rudd, V. E., 1955: 133; Burkart, A., 1954: 494. 


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 Aeschynomene histrix Poir.



Aeschynomene histrix Poir.

$


 Aeschynomene histrix Poir. var.histrix



Aeschynomene histrix Poir. var. histrix 

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 442; Rudd, V. E., 1955: 81; Rudd, V. E., 1959: 49. 
Ecology: Native subshrub. Andean I: disturbed areas, shrublands. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Williams 5846 (F)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Aeschynomene histrix var.incana (Vogel) Benth.



Aeschynomene histrix var. incana (Vogel) Benth.

Synonyms: Aeschynomene histrix incana DC., Aeschynomene histrix incana Vogel
Reference: Rudd, V. E., 1955: 83; Rudd, V. E., 1959: 49. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


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 Aeschynomene incana G. Meyer


Aeschynomene incana G. Meyer = Desmodium incanum DC.

Reference: Schubert, B. G., 1980: 641. 


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 Aeschynomene incana Vogel


Aeschynomene incana Vogel = Aeschynomene histrix var. incana (Vogel) Benth.

Reference: Rudd, V. E., 1955: 83; Rudd, V. E., 1959: 49. 
Note: NN  


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 Aeschynomene indica L.



Aeschynomene indica L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 442; Rudd, V. E., 1955: 58. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Rudd (1955) does not cite material from Peru; of the two collections cited in the Flora of Peru, Haught F.162 and Cuming 1088, Rudd only cites the Haught collection, but under Ae. pluriarticulata G. Don. 


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 Aeschynomene mollicula Kunth



Aeschynomene mollicula Kunth

$


 Aeschynomene mollicula Kunth var.mollicula



Aeschynomene mollicula Kunth var. mollicula 

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 443; Rudd, V. E., 1955: 129. 
Ecology: Native subshrub. Andean II: rocky slopes. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland 3586* (P-H&B), Tovar 3858 (USM!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


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 Aeschynomene mollicula var.benthamii Rudd



Aeschynomene mollicula var. benthamii Rudd

Synonyms: Aeschynomene mollicula benthamii Benth.
Reference: Rudd, V. E., 1955: 131. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


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 Aeschynomene mollicula var. egena J.F. Macbr.


Aeschynomene mollicula var. egena J.F. Macbr. = Aeschynomene egena (J.F. Macbr.) Rudd

Reference: FP 21: 443; Rudd, V. E., 1955: 122. 


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 Aeschynomene platycarpa Benth.


Aeschynomene platycarpa Benth. = Aeschynomene mollicula var. benthamii Rudd

Reference: FP 21: 443; Rudd, V. E., 1955: 125, 131. 


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 Aeschynomene pluriarticulata G. Don



Aeschynomene pluriarticulata G. Don

Reference: Rudd, V. E., 1955: 62. 
Ecology. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Cerrate & Tovar 10610 (USM!)
Departments: Piura, Tumbes.


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 Aeschynomene puberula DC.


Aeschynomene puberula DC. = Aeschynomene histrix var. incana (Vogel) Benth.

Reference: FP 21: 443; Rudd, V. E., 1955: 83; Rudd, V. E., 1959: 49. 
Note: NN  


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 Aeschynomene scabra G. Don



Aeschynomene scabra G. Don

Reference: Rudd, V. E., 1955: 67. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: McDaniel 13778 (MO!)
Departments: Lima, La Libertad, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Aeschynomene scoparia Kunth



Aeschynomene scoparia Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 443; Rudd, V. E., 1955: 128. 
Ecology. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland 3543* (P-H&B), Sag&aacute;stegui & Tellez 12694 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Lima, Piura.


$


 Aeschynomene sensitiva Sw.



Aeschynomene sensitiva Sw.

$


 Aeschynomene sensitiva Sw. var.sensitiva



Aeschynomene sensitiva Sw. var. sensitiva 

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 444; Rudd, V. E., 1955: 51. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Dodson 2826 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes.


$


 Aeschynomene sensitiva var.amazonica Rudd



Aeschynomene sensitiva var. amazonica Rudd

Reference: Rudd, V. E., 1955: 55. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 5126* (US, USM), Rimachi 2821 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Aeschynomene tumbezensis J.F. Macbr.



Aeschynomene tumbezensis J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 443; Rudd, V. E., 1955: 124. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests, rocky slopes. 500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7669* (F), Gentry & D&iacute;az 58326 (MO!)
Departments: Lima, La Libertad, Piura, Tumbes.


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 Aeschynomene weberbaueri Ulbr.



Aeschynomene weberbaueri Ulbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 444; Rudd, V. E., 1955: 127. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: rocky slopes, shrublands. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4274* (F frag. ex B, USM), Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 8439 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, La Libertad.


$


 Aetanthus andreanus (Tiegh.) Engl.



Aetanthus andreanus (Tiegh.) Engl.

Synonyms: Aetanthus andreanus Tiegh.
Reference: Kuijt, J., 1986: 165. 
Ecology: Native parasitic shrub. Andean II: rocky slopes. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 9607 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


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 Aetanthus cauliflorus Ule


Aetanthus cauliflorus Ule = ?  

Reference: FP 1238: 393; Kuijt, J., 1990: 120. 


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 Aetanthus coriaceus Patschovsky



Aetanthus coriaceus Patschovsky

Reference: Flora Peru: 1238: 393. 
Ecology: Endemic parasitic shrub. Andean II: shrublands. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 3938* (B)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Aetanthus dichotomus (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuijt



Aetanthus dichotomus (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuijt

Synonyms: Aetanthus dichotomus (Desr.) Engl., Aetanthus dichotomus (Desr.) G. Don, Aetanthus dichotomus (Desr.) Tiegh., Aetanthus dichotomus (Ruiz & Pav.) Eichler, Aetanthus dichotomus Desr., Aetanthus dichotomus Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Kuijt, J., 1986: 167. 
Ecology: Native parasitic shrub. Andean II: forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Smith et al. 8604 (MO!)
Departments: Pasco.


$


 Aetanthus macranthus (Hooker) Kuijt



Aetanthus macranthus (Hooker) Kuijt

Synonyms: Aetanthus macranthus Hooker
Reference: Kuijt, J., 1986: 169. 
Ecology: Native parasitic shrub. Andean II: forests. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Cano 1378 (MO!)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Aetanthus nodosus (Desr.) Engl.


Aetanthus nodosus (Desr.) Engl. = Aetanthus dichotomus (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuijt

Reference: FP 1238: 393. 


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 Aetanthus ornatus Krause



Aetanthus ornatus Krause

Reference: Flora Peru: 1238: 394. 
Ecology: Endemic parasitic shrub. Andean II: forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 6057* (B photo F)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Aetanthus paxianus Patschovsky



Aetanthus paxianus Patschovsky

Reference: Flora Peru: 1238: 394. 
Ecology: Endemic parasitic shrub. Andean II: shrublands. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 3390* (B photo F)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Aetanthus subandinus Ule


Aetanthus subandinus Ule = ?  

Reference: FP 1238: 394; Kuijt, J., 1990: 120. 


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 Aetanthus zonatus Diels


Aetanthus zonatus Diels = Psittacanthus zonatus (Diels) Kuijt

Reference: Kuijt, J., 1983: 666. 


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 Aetheolaena involucrata (Kunth) Nord.


Aetheolaena involucrata (Kunth) Nord. = Lasiocephalus involucratus (Kunth) Cuatrec.

Reference: Nordenstam, B., 1978: 54. 


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 Aetheolaena loeseneri (Hieron.) Nord.


Aetheolaena loeseneri (Hieron.) Nord. = Lasiocephalus loesneri (Hieron.) Cuatrec.

Reference: Nordenstam, B., 1978: 54. 


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 Aetheolaena patens (Kunth) Nord.


Aetheolaena patens (Kunth) Nord. = Lasiocephalus patens (Kunth) Cuatrec.

Reference: Nordenstam, B., 1978: 56. 


$


 Aethusa leptophylla (Pers.) Spreng.


Aethusa leptophylla (Pers.) Spreng. = Ciclospermum leptophyllum var. leptophyllum 

Reference: FP 1293: 11; Constance, L., 1990: 277. 


$


 Agalinis lanceolata (Ruiz & Pav.) D'Arcy



Agalinis lanceolata (Ruiz & Pav.) D'Arcy

Synonyms: Agalinis lanceolata (Ruiz & Pav.) Benth., Agalinis lanceolata Benth., Agalinis lanceolata Benth., Agalinis lanceolata Ruiz & Pav., Agalinis lanceolata Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: D'Arcy, W. G., 1980: 353. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Peyton & Peyton 636 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco.


$


 Agalinis megalantha (Diels) D'Arcy



Agalinis megalantha (Diels) D'Arcy

Synonyms: Agalinis megalantha Diels
Reference: D'Arcy, W. G., 1978: 770. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: cloud forests. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Metcalf 30525 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Puno.


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 Agalinis pennellii Barringer



Agalinis pennellii Barringer

Reference: Barringer, K., 1985: 353. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas. 2500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: N&uacute;&ntilde;ez et al. 9084 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Agalinis rigida (Gillies ex Benth.) D'Arcy



Agalinis rigida (Gillies ex Benth.) D'Arcy

Synonyms: Agalinis rigida Gillies ex Benth.
Reference: D'Arcy, W. G., 1978: 770. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: forests. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ch&aacute;vez 3266 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


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 Agalinis stenantha (Diels) D'Arcy



Agalinis stenantha (Diels) D'Arcy

Synonyms: Agalinis stenantha Diels
Reference: Canne-Hilliker, J. M., 1988: 434. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Agallostachys antiacantha (Bertoloni) Beer


Agallostachys antiacantha (Bertoloni) Beer = Bromelia antiacantha Bertol.

Reference: FP 1179: 579; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1659. 
Note: NN  


$


 Agallostachys commeliniana (Vriese) Beer


Agallostachys commeliniana (Vriese) Beer = Bromelia antiacantha Bertol.

Reference: FP 1179: 579; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1659. 
Note: NN  


$


 Agallostachys fastuosa (Lindl.) Beer


Agallostachys fastuosa (Lindl.) Beer = Bromelia pinguin L.

Reference: FP 1179: 579; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1665. 
Note: NN  


$


 Aganisia coerulea Rchb. f.


Aganisia coerulea Rchb. f. = Acacallis fimbriata (Rchb. f.) Schltr.

Reference: FP 1473: 653; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


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 Aganisia cyanea (Lindl.) Rchb. f.


Aganisia cyanea (Lindl.) Rchb. f. = Acacallis cyanea Lindl.

Reference: Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx. 


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 Aganisia fimbriata Rchb. f.


Aganisia fimbriata Rchb. f. = Acacallis fimbriata (Rchb. f.) Schltr.

Reference: FP 1473: 653; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


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 Aganisia graminea (Lindl.) Benth. ex Hook. f.


Aganisia graminea (Lindl.) Benth. ex Hook. f. = Koellensteinia graminea (Lindl.) Rchb. f.

Reference: FP 1473: 651; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


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 Aganisia ionoptera (Linden & Reichenbach f.) Nicholson


Aganisia ionoptera (Linden & Reichenbach f.) Nicholson = Koellensteinia ionoptera (Nicholson) Linden & Rchb. f.

Reference: FP 1473: 652; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Agarista albiflora (B. Fedtschenko & Basilevskaja) Judd



Agarista albiflora (B. Fedtschenko & Basilevskaja) Judd

Synonyms: Agarista albiflora B. Fedtschenko, Agarista albiflora Sleumer
Reference: Judd, W. S., 1984: 282. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: forests, shrublands. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Friedberg 665 (L)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Agarista anastomosans G. Don


Agarista anastomosans G. Don = Gaultheria glomerata (Cav.) Sleumer

Reference: FP 1325: 142. 


$


 Agarista bracamorensis G. Don



Agarista bracamorensis G. Don

Synonyms: Agarista bracamorensis (H.B.K.) Dunal in DC., Agarista bracamorensis Kunth
Reference: Judd, W. S., 1984: 285. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Bonpland 3564* (F, frag.)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Agarista subcordata (Dunal) Judd



Agarista subcordata (Dunal) Judd

Synonyms: Agarista subcordata (Dunal) Sleumer, Agarista subcordata Dunal
Reference: Judd, W. S., 1984: 285. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (G), Williams 7549 (F)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Agassizia limensis Dombey ex Chav.


Agassizia limensis Dombey ex Chav. = Galvesia fruticosa Gmel.

Reference: FP 1361: 674. 


$


 Ageratina adenophora (Spreng.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina adenophora (Spreng.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ageratina adenophora Hieron., Ageratina adenophora Spreng.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 433, 478. 
Ecology: Native herb. . 
Voucher: Jelski 661 (B frag. US)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Ageratina articulata (Sch. Bip. ex Hieron.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina articulata (Sch. Bip. ex Hieron.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ageratina articulata Sch. Bip. ex Hieron.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 433, 478. 
Ecology: Native subshrub. Andean I-II: forests on white sand. 500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 1593 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, La Libertad.


$


 Ageratina azangaroensis (Sch. Bip. ex Wedd.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina azangaroensis (Sch. Bip. ex Wedd.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ageratina azangaroensis Sch. Bip. ex Wedd.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 433, 478. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III: rocky slopes, shrublands. 2000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Smith 8231 (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Pasco, Puno.


$


 Ageratina bishopii R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina bishopii R.M. King & H. Rob.

Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 433, 478. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: grasslands. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: King & Bishop 9246* (US!), King & Robinson 9246 (US photo S?)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Ageratina boekei R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina boekei R.M. King & H. Rob.

Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 435, 478. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: elfin forests. 1500-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Boeke 2024* (US!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Ageratina chachapoyasensis (Cuatrec.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina chachapoyasensis (Cuatrec.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ageratina chachapoyasensis Cuatrec.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 435, 479. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: grasslands, shrublands. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Wurdack 1703 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Lambayeque.


$


 Ageratina choricephaloides (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina choricephaloides (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ageratina choricephaloides B. Robinson
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 433, 479. 
Ecology. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (K), King & Bishop 9170 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Ageratina cuencana (B.L. Rob.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina cuencana (B.L. Rob.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ageratina cuencana B.L. Rob.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 433, 479. 
Ecology. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Fosberg 27784 (US!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Ageratina cutervensis (Hieron.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina cutervensis (Hieron.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ageratina cutervensis Hieron.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 433, 479. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 2500-4000 m. 
Note:   
Voucher: Macbride 4871 (F!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Ageratina cuzcoensis (Hieron.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina cuzcoensis (Hieron.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ageratina cuzcoensis Hieron.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 436, 479. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: shrublands. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4852* (B), Davis et al. 1587 (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Puno.


$


 Ageratina dombeyana (DC.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina dombeyana (DC.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ageratina dombeyana DC.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 436, 479. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: forests. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (P), Ochoa 530 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco, La Libertad, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Ageratina elegans (Kunth) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina elegans (Kunth) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ageratina elegans Kunth
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 511. 
Ecology: Native shrub. . 
Note: No voucher cited by King & Robinson. 


$


 Ageratina exsertovenosa (Klatt) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina exsertovenosa (Klatt) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ageratina exsertovenosa Hieron., Ageratina exsertovenosa Hieron., Ageratina exsertovenosa Hieron., Ageratina exsertovenosa Hieron., Ageratina exsertovenosa Hieron., Ageratina exsertovenosa Klatt
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 436, 479, 519. 
Ecology: Native shrub, treelet. Andean II: shrublands. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Dillon & Skillman 4149 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Lambayeque.


$


 Ageratina fastigiata (Kunth) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina fastigiata (Kunth) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ageratina fastigiata Kunth
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 436, 479. 
Ecology. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Dillon & Turner 1639 (F!)
Departments: Cajamarca, La Libertad.


$


 Ageratina gilbertii (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina gilbertii (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ageratina gilbertii B. Robinson
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 433, 479. 
Ecology: Endemic herb, shrub. Andean II: riversides, rocky slopes. 1500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Cook & Gilbert 1115* (US!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Ageratina glechonophylla (Less.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina glechonophylla (Less.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ageratina glechonophylla Less.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 433. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: grasslands. 3500-4000 m. 
Note: @Basionym cited as Eupatorium glechonophyllum Lessing in Phytologia  19: 214. 1970.  Cited on p. 433 of King & Robinson as A. glechonophylla  (B.L. Robinson) King & Robinson and on King & Robinson p. 479 as A.  glechonophylla (Less.) King & Robinson.  Dillon has A. glechonphylla  (B.L. Rob.) K. & R.@ 
Voucher: Vargas 4459 (F!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad, Puno.


$


 Ageratina gloeoclada (B.L. Rob.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina gloeoclada (B.L. Rob.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ageratina gloeoclada B.L. Rob.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 436, 479. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 17828 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco, Puno.


$


 Ageratina gracilenta (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina gracilenta (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ageratina gracilenta B. Robinson
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 433, 480. 
Ecology. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (NY), Macbride 3810 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Ageratina infiernillensis R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina infiernillensis R.M. King & H. Rob.

Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 433, 480. 
Ecology. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 7718* (US!)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Ageratina lobulifera (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina lobulifera (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ageratina lobulifera B. Robinson
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 433, 480. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 481* (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Lima, Moquegua.


$


 Ageratina lopezmirandae R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina lopezmirandae R.M. King & H. Rob.

Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 436, 480. 
Ecology. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: L&oacute;pez  972* (US!), L&oacute;pez & Sag&aacute;stegui  8066 (US!)
Departments: La Libertad.


$


 Ageratina macbridei (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina macbridei (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ageratina macbridei B. Robinson
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 436, 480. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Andean II: forests, grasslands, riversides, shrublands. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 1742* (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Ageratina pampalcensis (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina pampalcensis (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ageratina pampalcensis B. Robinson
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 434, 481. 
Ecology. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 22232* (US!)
Departments: Ayacucho.


$


 Ageratina pentlandiana (DC.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina pentlandiana (DC.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ageratina pentlandiana DC., Ageratina pentlandiana Wedd.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 436, 481. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Dillon et al. 1257 (F!)
Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad, Puno.


$


 Ageratina pichinchensis (Kunth) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina pichinchensis (Kunth) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ageratina pichinchensis Kunth
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 425. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, forests, grasslands, shrublands. 1500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 23197 (F!, MO)
Departments: Amazonas, Lima.


$


 Ageratina piurae (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina piurae (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ageratina piurae B. Robinson
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 436, 481. 
Ecology. 3000-3500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 6045 (F!)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Ageratina proba (N.E. Br.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina proba (N.E. Br.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ageratina proba N.E. Br.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 434, 481. 
Ecology. 2500-3500 m. 
Note: Described from cultivated material from Peru. 
Voucher: Hort. Kew s.n.* , Sag&aacute;stegui 8038 (US!)
Departments: Cajamarca, La Libertad.


$


 Ageratina prunellaefolia (Kunth) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina prunellaefolia (Kunth) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ageratina prunellaefolia Kunth
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 527. 
Ecology. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 7468 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash.


$


 Ageratina rhytidodes (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina rhytidodes (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ageratina rhytidodes B. Robinson
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 434, 481. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: forests. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 3985* (F!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Ageratina riparia (Regel) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina riparia (Regel) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ageratina riparia (Cuatrec.) R.M. King & H. Rob., Ageratina riparia Cuatrec., Ageratina riparia Regel
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 434, 481. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Wurdack 1476 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Ageratina scopulorum (Wedd.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina scopulorum (Wedd.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ageratina scopulorum Wedd.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 434, 481. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 1500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 1430 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, Lima, Puno.


$


 Ageratina simulans (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina simulans (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ageratina simulans B. Robinson
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 436, 481. 
Ecology. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 3253* (GH)
Departments: Ancash.


$


 Ageratina sodiroi (Hieron.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina sodiroi (Hieron.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ageratina sodiroi Hieron.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 531. 
Ecology: Native shrub. . 
Note: No voucher cited by King & Robinson (1987). 


$


 Ageratina sternbergiana (DC.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina sternbergiana (DC.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ageratina sternbergiana DC.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 434, 481. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Andean I-III: lomas, riversides. 500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 13547 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Pasco, Puno.


$


 Ageratina stictophylla (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina stictophylla (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ageratina stictophylla B. Robinson
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 436, 481. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: riversides. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 860* (B), Dillon et al. 3108 (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco, Puno.


$


 Ageratina subferruginea (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina subferruginea (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ageratina subferruginea B. Robinson
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 436, 481. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Gay s.n* (P), Gay 1839-40 (GH photo US!)


$


 Ageratina tambillensis (Hieron.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina tambillensis (Hieron.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ageratina tambillensis Hieron.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 434, 482. 
Ecology. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Jelski 668* (B), Macbride 4314 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Madre de Dios.


$


 Ageratina tarmensis (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina tarmensis (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ageratina tarmensis B. Robinson
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 434, 482. 
Ecology. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 21833* (F!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Ageratina vallincola (DC.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina vallincola (DC.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ageratina vallincola DC.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 434, 482. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I-III, Coastal: lomas, rocky slopes. 0-4000 m. 
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* , Macbride & Featherstone 266 (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Ageratina ventillana (Cuatrec.) R.M. King & H. Rob.


Ageratina ventillana (Cuatrec.) R.M. King & H. Rob. = Ageratina riparia (Regel) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 482. 


$


 Ageratina wurdackii R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ageratina wurdackii R.M. King & H. Rob.

Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 436, 482. 
Ecology. 2500-3500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 5574* (US!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Ageratum conyzoides L.



Ageratum conyzoides L.

$


 Ageratum conyzoides L. var.conyzoides



Ageratum conyzoides L. var. conyzoides 

Synonyms: Ageratum conyzoides var. conyzoides Hieron.
Reference: Johnson, M. F., 1971: 26; King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 145, 482. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 3994 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Piura, San Mart&iacute;n.


$



$


 Ageratum conyzoides var. inaequipaleaceum Hieron.


Ageratum conyzoides var. inaequipaleaceum Hieron. = Ageratum conyzoides L. var. conyzoides 

Reference: Johnson, M. F., 1971: 27. 


$


 Ageratum conyzoides var.latifolium (Cav.) M. F. Johnson



Ageratum conyzoides var. latifolium (Cav.) M. F. Johnson

Synonyms: Ageratum conyzoides latifolium Cav.
Reference: Johnson, M. F., 1971: 31. 
Ecology. 1500-3000 m. 
Note: For alternative treatment, see Johnson (1971). 
Voucher: Ne&eacute; s.n.* (MA), Stork et al. 10493 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Puno.


$


 Ageratum houstonianum Mill.



Ageratum houstonianum Mill.

Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 145, 483. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb. . 
Voucher: Ferreyra 6331 (US!)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Ageratum latifolium Cav.


Ageratum latifolium Cav. = Ageratum conyzoides var. latifolium (Cav.) M. F. Johnson

Reference: Johnson, M. F., 1971: 27. 


$


 Agonandra brasiliensis Miers



Agonandra brasiliensis Miers

Reference: Flora Peru: 1244: 420. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 9626 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto.


$


 Agonandra excelsa Griseb.



Agonandra excelsa Griseb.

$


 Agonandra silvatica Ducke



Agonandra silvatica Ducke

Reference: Spichiger, R., J. Meroz, P. Loizeau & L. Stutz de Ortega, 1989: 102. 
Ecology: Native tree, treelet. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: van der Werff et al. 9874 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Pasco.


$


 Agropyron attenuatum (Kunth) Roem. & Schult.


Agropyron attenuatum (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. = Elymus cordilleranus Davidse & R.W. Pohl

Reference: FP 719: 144; Davidse, G. & R. W. Pohl, 1992: 100; Tovar, O., 1957: 42. 


$


 Agropyron breviaristatum Hitchc.


Agropyron breviaristatum Hitchc. = Elymus hitchcockii Davidse

Reference: FP 719: 144; Franquemont, C., T. Plowman, E. Franquemont, S. R. King, C. Niezgoda, W. Davis & C. R. Sperling, 1990: 70; L&ouml;ve, A., 1984: 471. 


$


 Agropyron peruvianum (Lam.) Roem. & Schult.


Agropyron peruvianum (Lam.) Roem. & Schult. = Triticum peruvianum Lam.

Reference: Chase, A. & C. D. Niles, 1962: 38. 
Note: NN  


$


 Agrostis alba L.


Agrostis alba L. = Agrostis gigantea Roth

Reference: Gould, F. W., 1975: 135; Tovar, O., 1986: 49. 


$


 Agrostis antoniana Griseb.


Agrostis antoniana Griseb. = Calamagrostis antoniana (Griseb.) Steud. ex Hitchc.

Reference: FP 719: 155; Tovar, O., 1960: 47. 


$


 Agrostis araucana Phil.


Agrostis araucana Phil. = Agrostis magellanica Lam.

Reference: FP 719: 163; Rugolo de Agrasar, Z. E. & M. E. De Paula, 1978: 389. 


$


 Agrostis arundinacea J. Presl


Agrostis arundinacea J. Presl = Calamagrostis haenkeana Hitchc.

Reference: FP 719: 157. 


$


 Agrostis boliviana Mez


Agrostis boliviana Mez = Agrostis mertensii Trin.

Reference: Rugolo de Agrasar, Z. E. & A. M. Molina, 1992: 220; Tovar, O., 1981: 107. 


$


 Agrostis brasiliensis Spreng.


Agrostis brasiliensis Spreng. = Reimarochloa acuta (Fl&uuml;gg&eacute;) Hitchc.

Reference: Judziewicz, E. J., 1990[1991]: 550. 


$


 Agrostis breviculmis Hitchc.



Agrostis breviculmis Hitchc.

Synonyms: Agrostis breviculmis (J. Presl) Kunth, Agrostis breviculmis J. Presl
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 164; Tovar, O., 1957: 64; Rugolo de Agrasar, Z. E. & A. M. Molina, 1992: 212. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands. 3000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (MO!), Gentry et al. 23298 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad, Puno.


$


 Agrostis caespitosa J. Presl


Agrostis caespitosa J. Presl = Calamagrostis preslii (J. Presl) Hitchc.

Reference: FP 719: 159; Tovar, O., 1960: 48. 
Note: nom. illeg.  


$


 Agrostis chamaecalamus Trin.


Agrostis chamaecalamus Trin. = Calamagrostis rigescens (J. Presl) Scribn.

Reference: Hitchcock, A. S., 1927: 370. 


$


 Agrostis cylindracea Bosc



Agrostis cylindracea Bosc

$


 Agrostis delicatula Steud. ex Lechler


Agrostis delicatula Steud. ex Lechler = Aciachne pulvinata Benth.

Reference: FP 719: 171. 
Note: nom. nud.  


$


 Agrostis exasperata Trin.



Agrostis exasperata Trin.

Synonyms: Agrostis exasperata Steud. ex Lechler
Reference: Hitchcock, A. S., 1927: 382; Rugolo de Agrasar, Z. E. & A. M. Molina, 1992: 196. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Agrostis fasciculata (Kunth) Roem. & Schult.



Agrostis fasciculata (Kunth) Roem. & Schult.

Synonyms: Agrostis fasciculata Kunth
Reference: Young, K. R. & B. Le&oacute;n, 1990: 17. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: grasslands. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Young & Le&oacute;n 4891 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Agrostis gelida Trin.



Agrostis gelida Trin.

Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 164. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (LE), Macbride & Featherstone 2180 (F!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Agrostis gigantea Roth



Agrostis gigantea Roth

Synonyms: Agrostis gigantea L.
Reference: Gould, F. W., 1975: 135; Rugolo de Agrasar, Z. E. & A. M. Molina, 1992: 206. 
Ecology: Introduced herb. Andean II: disturbed areas, shrublands. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 2335 (US!, USM)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Agrostis glomerata (J. Presl) Kunth


Agrostis glomerata (J. Presl) Kunth = Agrostis tolucensis Kunth

Reference: FP 719: 165; Tovar, O., 1986: 49. 


$


 Agrostis haenkeana Hitchc.



Agrostis haenkeana Hitchc.

Synonyms: Agrostis haenkeana J. Presl
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 164. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands. 3500-4500 m. 
Note: The type collection, Haenke s.n. (PR), is probably from Peru. 
Voucher: Peyton & Peyton 738A (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Puno.


$


 Agrostis hiemalis (Walter) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.



Agrostis hiemalis (Walter) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.

Synonyms: Agrostis hiemalis Walter


$


 Agrostis hiemalis var. subrepens Hitchc.


Agrostis hiemalis var. subrepens Hitchc. = Agrostis subrepens (Hitchc.) Hitchc.

Reference: Tovar, O., 1981: 108. 


$


 Agrostis imberbis Philippi



Agrostis imberbis Philippi

Synonyms: Agrostis imberbis Philippi
Reference: Rugolo de Agrasar, Z. E. & A. M. Molina, 1992: 234; Tovar, O., 1986: 49. 
Ecology. 4000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Rauh & Hirsch 1403 (US, USM!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Agrostis indica L.


Agrostis indica L. = Sporobolus indicus (L.) R. Br.

Reference: McVaugh, R., 1983: 372. 


$


 Agrostis koelerioides Desv.



Agrostis koelerioides Desv.

Synonyms: Agrostis koelerioides (Trin.) D&ouml;ll, Agrostis koelerioides Trin.
Reference: Bj&ouml;rkman, S. O., 1960: 21; Rugolo de Agrasar, Z. E., 1982: 197. 
Ecology: Native herb. Coastal: lomas. . 
Departments: Lima.


$


 Agrostis littoralis With.


Agrostis littoralis With. = Polypogon interruptus Kunth

Reference: FP 719: 168; Gould, F. W. & R. Moran, 1981: 47. 


$


 Agrostis lutosa Poir.


Agrostis lutosa Poir. = Polypogon interruptus Kunth

Reference: FP 719: 168; Gould, F. W. & R. Moran, 1981: 47. 


$


 Agrostis magellanica Lam.



Agrostis magellanica Lam.

Synonyms: Agrostis magellanica Phil.
Reference: Rugolo de Agrasar, Z. E. & M. E. De Paula, 1978: 389. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Soukup 116 (F!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Puno.


$


 Agrostis maritima Lam.


Agrostis maritima Lam. = Agrostis stolonifera L.

Reference: FP 719: 165. 


$


 Agrostis mertensii Trin.



Agrostis mertensii Trin.

Synonyms: Agrostis mertensii Mez
Reference: Rugolo de Agrasar, Z. E. & A. M. Molina, 1992: 220; Tovar, O., 1981: 107. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: disturbed areas, grasslands. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Peyton & Peyton 255 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Agrostis mucronata J. Presl


Agrostis mucronata J. Presl = Agrostis haenkeana Hitchc.

Reference: FP 719: 164. 


$


 Agrostis muricata (J. Presl) Kunth


Agrostis muricata (J. Presl) Kunth = Polypogon chilensis (Kunth) Pilg.

Reference: Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen & R. M. Klein, 1982: 506. 


$


 Agrostis nana (J. Presl) Kunth


Agrostis nana (J. Presl) Kunth = Agrostis breviculmis Hitchc.

Reference: FP 719: 164; Rugolo de Agrasar, Z. E. & A. M. Molina, 1992: 212. 


$


 Agrostis nigritella Pilg.



Agrostis nigritella Pilg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 165. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas. 2000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 8969 (F!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Agrostis perennans (Walter) Tuck.



Agrostis perennans (Walter) Tuck.

Synonyms: Agrostis perennans Mez, Agrostis perennans Walter
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 165. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: forests. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Young 2506 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Agrostis preslii Kunth


Agrostis preslii Kunth = Calamagrostis preslii (J. Presl) Hitchc.

Reference: FP 719: 159; Tovar, O., 1960: 48. 


$


 Agrostis procera Retz.


Agrostis procera Retz. = Eriochloa procera (Retz.) C.E. Hubb.

Reference: Clayton, W. D. & S. A. Renvoize, 1982: 571. 


$


 Agrostis purpurascens Sw.


Agrostis purpurascens Sw. = Sporobolus purpurascens (Sw.) Ham.

Reference: FP 719: 175. 


$


 Agrostis pyramidata Lam.


Agrostis pyramidata Lam. = Sporobolus pyramidatus (Lam.) Hitchc.

Reference: McVaugh, R., 1983: 374; Killeen, T. J., 1990: 189. 


$


 Agrostis radiata L.


Agrostis radiata L. = Chloris radiata (L.) Sw.

Reference: FP 719: 192. 


$


 Agrostis rigescens J. Presl


Agrostis rigescens J. Presl = Calamagrostis rigescens (J. Presl) Scribn.

Reference: FP 719: 160; Tovar, O., 1960: 49. 


$


 Agrostis semiverticillata (Forssk.) C. Chr.


Agrostis semiverticillata (Forssk.) C. Chr. = Polypogon viridis (Gouan) Breistr.

Reference: Tutin, T. G., 1980: 236. 


$


 Agrostis sodiroana Hack.



Agrostis sodiroana Hack.

Reference: Tovar, O., 1986: 49. 
Ecology. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Hitchcock 22331 (US)
Departments: Pasco.


$


 Agrostis stenophylla Philippi


Agrostis stenophylla Philippi = Agrostis imberbis Philippi

Reference: Rugolo de Agrasar, Z. E. & A. M. Molina, 1992: 234. 


$


 Agrostis stolonifera L.



Agrostis stolonifera L.

Synonyms: Agrostis stolonifera (Lam.) Koch, Agrostis stolonifera Lam.
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 165; Tovar, O., 1986: 49. 
Ecology: Introduced herb. Andean II: disturbed areas, grasslands. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Rabinowitz 399 (F!)
Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco, Huancavelica.


$


 Agrostis stolonifera var. maritima (Lam.) Koch


Agrostis stolonifera var. maritima (Lam.) Koch = Agrostis stolonifera L.

Reference: FP 719: 165. 


$


 Agrostis subrepens (Hitchc.) Hitchc.



Agrostis subrepens (Hitchc.) Hitchc.

Synonyms: Agrostis subrepens Hitchc.
Reference: Tovar, O., 1981: 108. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: grasslands. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Wurdack 1060 (US!, USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Agrostis tandilensis (Kuntze) Parodi



Agrostis tandilensis (Kuntze) Parodi

Synonyms: Agrostis tandilensis Kuntze
Reference: Rosengurtt, B., B. R. Arrillaga de Maffei & P. Izaguirre de Artuco, 1970: 23. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   Reported by Rosengurtt et al. (1970) as occurring in Peru, but the basis of the report not indicated. 


$


 Agrostis tolucensis Kunth



Agrostis tolucensis Kunth

Synonyms: Agrostis tolucensis (J. Presl) Kunth, Agrostis tolucensis J. Presl
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 165; Rugolo de Agrasar, Z. E. & A. M. Molina, 1992: 216; Tovar, O., 1957: 64. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands. 2500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Tovar 3234 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Agrostis trichodes (Kunth) Roem. & Schult.



Agrostis trichodes (Kunth) Roem. & Schult.

Synonyms: Agrostis trichodes Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 166. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: grasslands. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland s.n.* (P)


$


 Agrostis ventricosa Gouan


Agrostis ventricosa Gouan = Gastridium ventricosum (Gouan) Schinz & Thell.

Reference: Gould, F. W. & R. Moran, 1981: 50. 


$


 Agrostis verticillata Vill.


Agrostis verticillata Vill. = Polypogon viridis (Gouan) Breistr.

Reference: FP 719: 166. 


$


 Agrostis virginica L.


Agrostis virginica L. = Sporobolus virginicus (L.) Kunth

Reference: FP 719: 175. 


$


 Agrostis viridis Gouan


Agrostis viridis Gouan = Polypogon viridis (Gouan) Breistr.

Reference: Tutin, T. G., 1980: 236. 


$


 Agrostis weberbaueri Mez


Agrostis weberbaueri Mez = Agrostis perennans (Walter) Tuck.

Reference: FP 719: 165. 


$


 Aiouea dubia (Kunth) Mez



Aiouea dubia (Kunth) Mez

Synonyms: Aiouea dubia Kunth, Aiouea dubia Mez, Aiouea dubia Mez
Reference: Kubitzki, K. & S. Renner, 1982: 95. 
Ecology: Native tree. Andean I-II: forests. 500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Jelski 184 (US)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Aiouea jelskii Mez


Aiouea jelskii Mez = Aiouea dubia (Kunth) Mez

Reference: FP 610: 844; Kubitzki, K. & S. Renner, 1982: 95. 


$


 Aiouea tambillensis Mez


Aiouea tambillensis Mez = Aiouea dubia (Kunth) Mez

Reference: FP 610: 844; Kubitzki, K. & S. Renner, 1982: 95. 


$


 Aiouea tomentella (Mez) Renner



Aiouea tomentella (Mez) Renner

Synonyms: Aiouea tomentella Mez
Reference: Flora Peru: 610: 854; Kubitzki, K. & S. Renner, 1982: 103. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. . 
Voucher: Pearce s.n.* (K)
Departments: Ancash.


$


 Aiphanes aculeata Willd.



Aiphanes aculeata Willd.

Synonyms: Aiphanes aculeata (Kunth) H. Wendl., Aiphanes aculeata (Poepp. ex Mart.) Burret, Aiphanes aculeata Burret, Aiphanes aculeata Poepp. ex Mart.
Reference: Henderson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Foster 9579 (MO)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Aiphanes caryotifolia (Kunth) H. Wendl.


Aiphanes caryotifolia (Kunth) H. Wendl. = Aiphanes aculeata Willd.

Reference: Henderson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Aiphanes deltoidea Burret



Aiphanes deltoidea Burret

Reference: Flora Peru: 39695: 394; Henderson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Tessmann 4709* 
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Loreto, Ucayali.


$


 Aiphanes ernestii Burret


Aiphanes ernestii Burret = Aiphanes aculeata Willd.

Reference: FP 39695: 395; Henderson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Aiphanes gracilis Burret


Aiphanes gracilis Burret = Aiphanes weberbaueri Burret

Reference: FP 39695: 395; Henderson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Aiphanes praemorsa (Poepp. ex Mart.) Burret


Aiphanes praemorsa (Poepp. ex Mart.) Burret = Aiphanes aculeata Willd.

Reference: FP 39695: 396; Henderson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Aiphanes tessmannii Burret


Aiphanes tessmannii Burret = Aiphanes weberbaueri Burret

Reference: FP 39695: 396; Henderson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Aiphanes ulei (Dammer) Burret



Aiphanes ulei (Dammer) Burret

Synonyms: Aiphanes ulei Dammer
Reference: Flora Peru: 39695: 397. 
Ecology. 0-1000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Ule 6880* 
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Aiphanes weberbaueri Burret



Aiphanes weberbaueri Burret

Synonyms: Aiphanes weberbaueri Burret, Aiphanes weberbaueri Burret
Reference: Flora Peru: 39695: 397. 
Ecology. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6775* (F!), V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 8868 (MO)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto.


$


 Aira anomala Trin.


Aira anomala Trin. = Agrostis koelerioides Desv.

Reference: Bj&ouml;rkman, S. O., 1960: 100. 


$


 Aira calycina (J. Presl) Steud.


Aira calycina (J. Presl) Steud. = Deschampsia calycina J. Presl

Reference: Chase, A. & C. D. Niles, 1962: 107. 
Note: NN  


$


 Aira cristata L.


Aira cristata L. = ?  

Reference: FP 719: 149. 


$


 Aira laxa Rich.


Aira laxa Rich. = Orthoclada laxa (Rich.) P. Beauv.

Reference: FP 719: 141. 


$


 Aira spicata L.


Aira spicata L. = Trisetum spicatum (L.) K. Richt.

Reference: FP 719: 150. 


$


 Akersia roseiflora Buining


Akersia roseiflora Buining = Cleistocactus samaipatensis (C&aacute;rdenas) D.R. Hunt

Reference: Buining, A. F. H., 1961: 25; Hunt, D., 1992: 33. 


$


 Albizia carbonaria Britton



Albizia carbonaria Britton

Synonyms: Albizia carbonaria (Britton) Niezgoda & Nevling
Reference: Schery, R. W., 1950: 252. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Smith et al. 5411 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Pasco.


$


 Albizia caribaea (Urb.) Britton & Rose


Albizia caribaea (Urb.) Britton & Rose = Albizia niopoides (Spruce ex Benth.) Burkart

Reference: Rico-Arce, M. de L., 1992: 700. 


$


 Albizia corymbosa (Rich.) G.P. Lewis & P.E. Owen



Albizia corymbosa (Rich.) G.P. Lewis & P.E. Owen

Synonyms: Albizia corymbosa (Rich.) Benth., Albizia corymbosa (Rich.) Burkart, Albizia corymbosa (Rich.) Kleinhoonte, Albizia corymbosa (Rich.) Pittier, Albizia corymbosa Rich.
Reference: Lewis, G. P. & P. E. Owen, 1989: 40. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests, forests on white sand, riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: McDaniel 16112 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Albizia distachya (Vent.) J.F. Macbr.


Albizia distachya (Vent.) J.F. Macbr. = Paraserianthes lophantha (Willd.) I.C. Nielsen

Reference: FP 21: 47. 


$


 Albizia julibrissin Durazz.



Albizia julibrissin Durazz.

Synonyms: Albizia julibrissin (Durazz.) Raf., Albizia julibrissin (Durazz.) Scop., Albizia julibrissin (Durazz.) Willd.
Reference: Burkart, A., 1979: 108. 
Ecology: Cultivated tree. Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Quirez s.n. (USM!)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth.



Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth.

Synonyms: Albizia lebbeck (L.) Willd., Albizia lebbeck L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 47; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 162. 
Ecology: Cultivated tree. Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Encarnaci&oacute;n E-146 (MO!)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Albizia lophantha (Willd.) Benth.


Albizia lophantha (Willd.) Benth. = Paraserianthes lophantha (Willd.) I.C. Nielsen

Reference: FP 21: 47; Isely, D., 1973: 77; Nielsen, I., Ph. Guinet & T. Baretta-Kuipers, 1983: 326. 


$


 Albizia niopoides (Spruce ex Benth.) Burkart



Albizia niopoides (Spruce ex Benth.) Burkart

Synonyms: Albizia niopoides (Urb.) Britton & Rose, Albizia niopoides Spruce ex Benth., Albizia niopoides Urb.
Reference: Burkart, A., 1979: 113; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 164; Rico-Arce, M. de L., 1992: 699. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Tessmann 4035 (B), Schunke 8126 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Albizia paucipinnata Schery



Albizia paucipinnata Schery

Synonyms: Albizia paucipinnata (Schery) A.H. Gentry & Dodson
Reference: Schery, R. W., 1950: 400. 
Ecology: Native tree. Coastal: forests, semi-deciduous forests. 500-1000 m. 
Note: Treated under Pithecellobium by Gentry (1988: 1438).  
Voucher: Gentry & D&iacute;az 58265 (MO!)
Departments: Tumbes.


$


 Albizia polycephala (Benth.) Killip ex Record



Albizia polycephala (Benth.) Killip ex Record

Synonyms: Albizia polycephala (Benth.) Pittier, Albizia polycephala Benth.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 61; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 164; Mackinder, B. A., P. E. Owen & K. Simpson, 1990: 20. 
Ecology: Native tree. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Note: Treated under Pithecellobium in the Flora of Peru.  
Voucher: Spruce 4407 (K)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Albizia saman (Jacq.) F. Muell.



Albizia saman (Jacq.) F. Muell.

Synonyms: Albizia saman (Jacq.) Benth., Albizia saman (Jacq.) Griseb., Albizia saman (Jacq.) Lyons, Albizia saman (Jacq.) Merr., Albizia saman (Jacq.) Prain, Albizia saman (Jacq.) Willd., Albizia saman Jacq.
Reference: Lewis, G. P., 1987: 164; Rico-Arce, M. de L., 1991: 520. 
Ecology: Cultivated shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, riversides. 0-1000 m. 
Note: Often found treated under Samanea or Pithecellobium.  
Voucher: Plowman & Ram&iacute;rez 11210 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Alcea rosea L.



Alcea rosea L.

Synonyms: Alcea rosea (L.) Cav.
Reference: Fryxell, P. A., 1988: 68; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 22. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb. Andean II: disturbed areas. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Brunel 972 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Alchemilla achilleifolia E. J. Remy


Alchemilla achilleifolia E. J. Remy = Alchemilla pinnata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 635: 1108; Perry, L. M., 1929: 52. 


$


 Alchemilla alata Ruiz & Pav. ex Steud.


Alchemilla alata Ruiz & Pav. ex Steud. = Alchemilla pinnata Ruiz & Pav.

$


 Alchemilla andina (L.M. Perry) J.F. Macbr.


Alchemilla andina (L.M. Perry) J.F. Macbr. = Alchemilla procumbens var. andina L.M. Perry

Reference: FP 635: 1109. 


$



$


 Alchemilla aphanoides var.aphanoides Mutis ex L. f.



Alchemilla aphanoides var. aphanoides Mutis ex L. f.

Synonyms: Alchemilla aphanoides aphanoides (Mutis ex L. f.) Rothm.
Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1109. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: bogs, disturbed areas, forests. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 7947 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Alchemilla aphanoides var.tripartita (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Perry



Alchemilla aphanoides var. tripartita (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Perry

Synonyms: Alchemilla aphanoides tripartita Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1110. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: shrublands. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 34043 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Alchemilla appendiculata Wedd. ex Murb.


Alchemilla appendiculata Wedd. ex Murb. = Alchemilla diplophylla Diels

Reference: FP 635: 1110. 


$


 Alchemilla barbata C. Presl



Alchemilla barbata C. Presl

Synonyms: Alchemilla barbata (C. Presl) Rothmaler, Alchemilla barbata Pilg.
Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1110. 
Ecology. 3500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (PR), Weberbauer 2778 (photo MO!)
Departments: Ancash.


$


 Alchemilla bipinnatifida Perry



Alchemilla bipinnatifida Perry

Reference: Perry, L. M., 1929: 51. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: forests. 3000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Duncan et al. 2659 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima.


$


 Alchemilla diplophylla Diels



Alchemilla diplophylla Diels

Synonyms: Alchemilla diplophylla (Diels) Rothmaler, Alchemilla diplophylla Wedd. ex Murb.
Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1110. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: bogs. 4000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 288* (B), Smith et al. 11723 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Alchemilla erodiifolia Wedd.



Alchemilla erodiifolia Wedd.

Synonyms: Alchemilla erodiifolia (Wedd.) Rothmaler
Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1110. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands. 4000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Smith et al. 9006 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Alchemilla frigida Wedd.



Alchemilla frigida Wedd.

Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1111. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands. 4000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Smith 11305 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca.


$


 Alchemilla galioides Benth.



Alchemilla galioides Benth.

Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1111. 
Ecology. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Pearce s.n. (K)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Alchemilla hirsuta Kunth



Alchemilla hirsuta Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1111; Pankhurst, pers. comm.. 
Note: Fide Perry (1929), a poorly understood entity of unknown type locality, probably related to A. aphanoides. 


$


 Alchemilla holosericea L.M. Perry



Alchemilla holosericea L.M. Perry

Synonyms: Alchemilla holosericea (L.M. Perry) Rothm.
Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1112. 
Ecology. 3500-4000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Macbride 4398* (F)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Alchemilla jamesonii Perry



Alchemilla jamesonii Perry

Synonyms: Alchemilla jamesonii (Perry) Rothm.
Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1112. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Tupayachi 51 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco.


$


 Alchemilla lechleriana Griseb.



Alchemilla lechleriana Griseb.

Synonyms: Alchemilla lechleriana (Griseb.) Rothmaler
Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1112. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: bogs. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Lechler 2606* (K), Barbour 3438 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Puno.


$


 Alchemilla mandoniana Wedd.



Alchemilla mandoniana Wedd.

Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1113; Perry, L. M., 1929: 54. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands. 4000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Smith et al. 9803 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash.


$


 Alchemilla nivalis Kunth



Alchemilla nivalis Kunth

Synonyms: Alchemilla nivalis (Kunth) Rothm.
Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1112. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: grasslands. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Barbour 3448 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Alchemilla orbiculata fo. villifera (Perry) Rothmaler


Alchemilla orbiculata fo. villifera (Perry) Rothmaler = Alchemilla orbiculata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 635: 1113. 


$


 Alchemilla orbiculata Ruiz & Pav.



Alchemilla orbiculata Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Alchemilla orbiculata (Kunth) Rothm., Alchemilla orbiculata (Perry) Rothmaler, Alchemilla orbiculata (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers., Alchemilla orbiculata (Ruiz & Pav.) Rydb., Alchemilla orbiculata Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1112; McVaugh, R., 1950: 160. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: bogs, cloud forests, disturbed areas, grasslands, shrublands. 2000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (photo MO!), L&oacute;pez et al. 8828 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad, Pasco, Piura.


$


 Alchemilla paludicola Rothm.



Alchemilla paludicola Rothm.

Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1113. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: bogs, rocky slopes. 4000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Smith 11428 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash.


$


 Alchemilla pectinata Kunth


Alchemilla pectinata Kunth = Alchemilla orbiculata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 635: 1113; McVaugh, R., 1950: 160. 


$


 Alchemilla pinnata E. J. Remy


Alchemilla pinnata E. J. Remy = Alchemilla pinnata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 635: 1108. 


$


 Alchemilla pinnata fo. argentea Rothmaler


Alchemilla pinnata fo. argentea Rothmaler = Alchemilla pinnata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 635: 1113. 


$


 Alchemilla pinnata fo. minima Wedd. ex Rothm.


Alchemilla pinnata fo. minima Wedd. ex Rothm. = Alchemilla pinnata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 635: 1113. 


$


 Alchemilla pinnata Ruiz & Pav.



Alchemilla pinnata Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Alchemilla pinnata (E. J. Remy) Rothmaler, Alchemilla pinnata (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers., Alchemilla pinnata (Ruiz & Pav.) Rydb., Alchemilla pinnata E. J. Remy, Alchemilla pinnata E. J. Remy, Alchemilla pinnata Rothmaler, Alchemilla pinnata Ruiz & Pav. ex Steud., Alchemilla pinnata Steud., Alchemilla pinnata Wedd. ex Griseb., Alchemilla pinnata Wedd. ex Rothm.
Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1113; Perry, L. M., 1929: 52. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: cloud forests, disturbed areas, grasslands, shrublands. 2000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (photo MO!), Aguilar 28 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Puno.


$


 Alchemilla pinnata var. minima Wedd. ex Griseb.


Alchemilla pinnata var. minima Wedd. ex Griseb. = Alchemilla pinnata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 635: 1113. 


$


 Alchemilla procumbens var.andina L.M. Perry



Alchemilla procumbens var. andina L.M. Perry

Synonyms: Alchemilla procumbens andina (L.M. Perry) J.F. Macbr., Alchemilla procumbens andina (L.M. Perry) Rothm.
Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1109. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands, rocky slopes, shrublands. 2500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 12560 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Puno.


$


 Alchemilla pseudovenusta Rothmaler



Alchemilla pseudovenusta Rothmaler

Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1114. 
Ecology: Endemic herb, subshrub. Andean II: bogs. 3000-3500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 2216* 
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Alchemilla repens C. Presl



Alchemilla repens C. Presl

Synonyms: Alchemilla repens (C. Presl) Rothmaler
Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1114. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: rocky slopes. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (G), Pennell 14716 (G)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Alchemilla rivulorum Rothmaler



Alchemilla rivulorum Rothmaler

Synonyms: Alchemilla rivulorum (Rothmaler) Rothmaler
Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1114. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands, riversides. 3000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 2973* , L&oacute;pez & Sag&aacute;stegui 8184 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, La Libertad, Piura.


$


 Alchemilla sandiensis Pilg.



Alchemilla sandiensis Pilg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1115. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 945* (photo MO!)
Departments: Puno.


$


 Alchemilla tripartita Ruiz & Pav.


Alchemilla tripartita Ruiz & Pav. = Alchemilla aphanoides var. tripartita (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Perry

Reference: FP 635: 1110. 


$


 Alchemilla vulcanica Schltdl. & Cham.



Alchemilla vulcanica Schltdl. & Cham.

Synonyms: Alchemilla vulcanica (Schltdl. & Cham.) Rydb.
Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1115. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands, rocky slopes, shrublands. 2000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 3321 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad, Puno.


$


 Alchemilla weberbaueri Pilg.


Alchemilla weberbaueri Pilg. = Alchemilla barbata C. Presl

Reference: FP 635: 1110. 


$


 Alchemilla williamsii Perry



Alchemilla williamsii Perry

Synonyms: Alchemilla williamsii (Perry) Rothmaler
Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1115. 
Ecology. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Dillon & Turner 1577 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Alchornea acroneura Pax & K. Hoffm.



Alchornea acroneura Pax & K. Hoffm.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 147. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Andean I-II: forests. 1000-2000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 4552* (G photo MO!), N&uacute;&ntilde;ez 12009 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Alchornea acutifolia M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Alchornea acutifolia M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 147. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Andean I: disturbed areas. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Spruce 4269* (B photo MO!), Wasshausen 869 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Alchornea brevistyla Pax & K. Hoffm.



Alchornea brevistyla Pax & K. Hoffm.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 147. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ule 6250* (B), Croat 17516 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Alchornea castaneifolia (Willd.) A. Juss.



Alchornea castaneifolia (Willd.) A. Juss.

Synonyms: Alchornea castaneifolia Willd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 148. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 6387 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Alchornea cordata (Juss.) M&uuml;ll. Arg.


Alchornea cordata (Juss.) M&uuml;ll. Arg. = Aparisthmium cordatum (Juss.) Baill.

Reference: FP 674: 151. 


$


 Alchornea coriacea Ule



Alchornea coriacea Ule

$


 Alchornea discolor Poepp.


Alchornea discolor Poepp. = Alchornea schomburgkii Klotzsch

$


 Alchornea glandulosa Poepp. & Endl.



Alchornea glandulosa Poepp. & Endl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 148. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (G photo MO!), N&uacute;&ntilde;ez 5803 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Alchornea glandulosa var. floribunda Benth.


Alchornea glandulosa var. floribunda Benth. = Alchorneopsis floribunda (Benth.) M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: Webster, G. L. & M. J. Huft, 1988: 1098. 


$


 Alchornea grandiflora M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Alchornea grandiflora M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: Webster, G. L. & M. J. Huft, 1988: 1102. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Rimachi 4476 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Alchornea latifolia Sw.



Alchornea latifolia Sw.

Reference: Webster, G. L. & M. J. Huft, 1988: 1101. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas, terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 10512 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Loreto, Ucayali.


$


 Alchornea martiana (Baill.) M&uuml;ll. Arg.


Alchornea martiana (Baill.) M&uuml;ll. Arg. = Conceveibastrum martianum (Baillon) Pax & K. Hoffm.

Reference: FP 674: 152. 


$


 Alchornea pearcei Britton



Alchornea pearcei Britton

$


 Alchornea pearcei var.coriaceae (Ule) Pax



Alchornea pearcei var. coriaceae (Ule) Pax

Synonyms: Alchornea pearcei coriaceae Ule
Reference: Pax, F., 1914: 225. 
Ecology. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Ule 6836 
Departments: Ucayali.


$


 Alchornea pearcei var.pearcei



Alchornea pearcei var. pearcei 

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 149. 
Ecology. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Ule 6836* (B photo MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Alchornea schomburgkii Klotzsch



Alchornea schomburgkii Klotzsch

Synonyms: Alchornea schomburgkii Poepp.
Reference: 39186; 238. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 11005 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Alchornea triplinervia (Spreng.) M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Alchornea triplinervia (Spreng.) M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Synonyms: Alchornea triplinervia Spreng.
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 150; Webster, G. L. & M. J. Huft, 1988: 1101. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests, swamps. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 6275 (UCLA at MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Alchorneopsis floribunda (Benth.) M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Alchorneopsis floribunda (Benth.) M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Synonyms: Alchorneopsis floribunda Benth.
Reference: Webster, G. L. & M. J. Huft, 1988: 1098. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests on white sand, riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ayala 529 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco.


$


 Aldea pinnata Ruiz & Pav.


Aldea pinnata Ruiz & Pav. = Phacelia secunda J.F. Gmel.

Reference: FP 1294: 107. 


$


 Alectoroctonum cotinoides (Miq.) Klotzsch & Garcke


Alectoroctonum cotinoides (Miq.) Klotzsch & Garcke = Euphorbia cotinifolia L.

Reference: FP 674: 16. 


$


 Alectoroctonum viride Klotzsch & Garcke


Alectoroctonum viride Klotzsch & Garcke = Euphorbia viridis (Klotzsch & Garcke) Pav. ex Boiss.

Reference: FP 674: 32. 


$


 Alfonsia oleifera Kunth


Alfonsia oleifera Kunth = Elaeis oleifera (Kunth) Cort&eacute;s

$


 Alibertia claviflora K. Schum.


Alibertia claviflora K. Schum. = Borojoa claviflora (K. Schum.) Cuatrec.

Reference: FP 1365: 112. 


$


 Alibertia curviflora K. Schum.



Alibertia curviflora K. Schum.

Synonyms: Alibertia curviflora (K. Schum.) Kuntze
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 112. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests, riversides. 0-500 m. 
Note: A well-marked species, but the name has been applied to several different taxa. 
Voucher: Spruce 4806* (C photo F!), Schunke 1971 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Alibertia edulis (Rich.) A. Rich. ex DC.



Alibertia edulis (Rich.) A. Rich. ex DC.

Synonyms: Alibertia edulis (Rich.) Kuntze, Alibertia edulis Rich.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 112; Standley, P. C., 1930: 62. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 3835 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Alibertia hispida Ducke



Alibertia hispida Ducke

Synonyms: Alibertia hispida Standl., Alibertia hispida Standl.
Reference: Ducke, A., 1932: 480. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests on white sand, terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ducke RB 22913* (B), V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 11413 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Alibertia iquitensis Ducke



Alibertia iquitensis Ducke

Reference: Ducke, A., 1932: 481. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Ducke RB 22914* (B)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Alibertia isernii (Standl.) D.R. Simpson



Alibertia isernii (Standl.) D.R. Simpson

Synonyms: Alibertia isernii Standl.
Reference: Simpson, D. R., 1976: 8. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Isern 2121* (F), Isern 2126 
Departments: Madre de Dios.


$


 Alibertia itayensis Standl.



Alibertia itayensis Standl.

Reference: Standley, P. C., 1936: 177. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 29741* (US), Foster 9787 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Alibertia latifolia (Benth.) Schum.



Alibertia latifolia (Benth.) Schum.

Synonyms: Alibertia latifolia Benth.
Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 732. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, seasonally inundated areas, swamps. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Rimachi 3211 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Alibertia pilosa Krause



Alibertia pilosa Krause

Reference: Krause, K., 1908: 106. 
Ecology: Native shrub, treelet. Amazonian: forests, riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Foster 9786 (MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios.


$


 Alibertia steinbachii Standl.



Alibertia steinbachii Standl.

Reference: Standley, P. C., 1931: 291. 
Ecology: Native shrub, treelet. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Mexia 6210 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Alibertia stenantha Standl.



Alibertia stenantha Standl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 113. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests on white sand, riversides, seasonally inundated areas, terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Note: As used in the Flora of Peru, probably includes A. latifolia. 
Voucher: Williams 3117* (F), D&iacute;az & V&aacute;squez 3693 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Alibertia triflora (A. Rich.) Schumann



Alibertia triflora (A. Rich.) Schumann

Synonyms: Alibertia triflora A. Rich.
Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1965: 226. 
Ecology: Native treelet. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, swamps. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Encarnaci&oacute;n 26287 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Alibertia verrucosa S. Moore



Alibertia verrucosa S. Moore

Reference: Moore, S., 1895: 371. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 6664 (LA at MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Alibrexia gayana Gaudichaud


Alibrexia gayana Gaudichaud = Nolana gayana (Gaudichaud) Koch

Reference: FP 1288: 840; Johnston, I. M., 1936: 33. 


$


 Alibrexia revoluta (Ruiz & Pav.) Miers


Alibrexia revoluta (Ruiz & Pav.) Miers = Nolana revoluta Ruiz & Pav.

$


 Alicastrum echinocarpum (Poepp. & Endl.) Kuntze


Alicastrum echinocarpum (Poepp. & Endl.) Kuntze = Mayna odorata Aubl.

Reference: Sleumer, H., 1980: 27. 


$


 Alicastrum rubescens (Taub.) Taub.


Alicastrum rubescens (Taub.) Taub. = Brosimum rubescens Taub.

Reference: Berg, C. C., 1972: 189. 


$


 Alisma berteroi Spreng.


Alisma berteroi Spreng. = Echinodorus berteroi (Spreng.) Fassett

Reference: Holm-Nielsen, L. B. & R. R. Haynes, 1986: 13. 


$


 Alisma boliviana Rusby


Alisma boliviana Rusby = Echinodorus bolivianus (Rusby) Holm-Niels.

Reference: Holm-Nielsen, L. B. & R. R. Haynes, 1986: 6. 


$


 Alisma ellipticum Mart. in R. & S.


Alisma ellipticum Mart. in R. & S. = Echinodorus palaefolius (Nees & Mart.) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 678: 92. 
Note: NN  


$


 Alisma flava L.


Alisma flava L. = Limnocharis flava (L.) Buchenau

Reference: FP 690: 94; Haynes, R. R. & L. B. Holm-Nielsen, 1992: 8. 


$


 Alisma grandiflorum Cham. & Schltdl.


Alisma grandiflorum Cham. & Schltdl. = Echinodorus grandiflorus subsp. aureus (Fassett) R. Haynes & Holm-Nielsen

Reference: FP 678: 92; Holm-Nielsen, L. B. & R. R. Haynes, 1986: 15. 


$


 Alisma intermedium Mart. in R. & S.


Alisma intermedium Mart. in R. & S. = Echinodorus intermedius (Mart. in R. & S.) Griseb.

Reference: FP 678: 92. 
Note: NN  


$


 Alisma macrophyllum Kunth


Alisma macrophyllum Kunth = Echinodorus macrophyllus (Kunth) Micheli

Reference: FP 678: 92. 


$


 Alisma subalatum Mart.


Alisma subalatum Mart. = Echinodorus subalatus (Mart.) Griseb.

Reference: FP 678: 93. 
Note: NN  


$


 Alisma tenellum Mart.


Alisma tenellum Mart. = Echinodorus tenellus (Mart.) Buchenau

Reference: FP 678: 93; Holm-Nielsen, L. B. & R. R. Haynes, 1986: 6. 


$


 Alkekengi fissum Meunch


Alkekengi fissum Meunch = Physalis viscosa L.

$


 Alkekengi procumbens Moench


Alkekengi procumbens Moench = Physalis pubescens var. pubescens L.

$


 Alkekengi pubescens Moench


Alkekengi pubescens Moench = Physalis peruviana L.

$


 Allamanda cathartica L.



Allamanda cathartica L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1343: 392; Sakane, M. & G. J. Shepherd, 1986: 130. 
Ecology: Cultivated shrub. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Mexia 6493 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Ucayali.


$


 Allamanda weberbaueri Markgr.



Allamanda weberbaueri Markgr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1343: 392; Gentry, A. H., 1984: 1081; Sakane, M. & G. J. Shepherd, 1986: 137. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Andean II: dry valleys, forests, shrublands. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7142* (F), Smith & Cabanillas 7079 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Allardtia roezlii E. Morren ex Baker


Allardtia roezlii E. Morren ex Baker = Tillandsia roezlii E. Morren

Reference: FP 1179: 562; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1977: 705. 


$


 Allionia arenaria (Heimerl) Standl.


Allionia arenaria (Heimerl) Standl. = Mirabilis elegans (Choisy) Heimerl

Reference: FP 1258: 541. 


$


 Allionia campanulata Standl.


Allionia campanulata Standl. = Mirabilis campanulata Heimerl

Reference: FP 1258: 541. 


$


 Allionia campestris Kuntze


Allionia campestris Kuntze = Mirabilis ovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Meigen

Reference: FP 1258: 544. 


$


 Allionia elegans (Choisy) Kuntze


Allionia elegans (Choisy) Kuntze = Mirabilis elegans (Choisy) Heimerl

Reference: FP 1258: 541. 


$


 Allionia expansa (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze


Allionia expansa (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze = Mirabilis expansa (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1258: 542. 


$


 Allionia incarnata L.



Allionia incarnata L.

Synonyms: Allionia incarnata (L.) Cockerell, Allionia incarnata (L.) Kuntze
Reference: Flora Peru: 1258: 535. 
Ecology. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui 11357 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Ica, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad, Lima, Piura, Tacna.


$


 Allionia ovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl.


Allionia ovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl. = Mirabilis ovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Meigen

Reference: FP 1258: 544. 


$


 Allionia violacea L.


Allionia violacea L. = Mirabilis violacea (L.) Heimerl

$


 Allionia viscosa (Cav.) Kuntze


Allionia viscosa (Cav.) Kuntze = Mirabilis viscosa Cav.

Reference: FP 1258: 545. 


$


 Allium andicolum Regel


Allium andicolum Regel = ?  

Reference: FP 1187: 620. 


$


 Allium bivalve (L.) Kuntze


Allium bivalve (L.) Kuntze = Nothoscordum bivalve (L.) Britton

Reference: FP 1187: 620. 


$


 Allium bivalve var. andicola (Kunth) Kuntze


Allium bivalve var. andicola (Kunth) Kuntze = Nothoscordum andicola Kunth

Reference: FP 1187: 620. 


$


 Allium bivalve var. flavescens Kuntze


Allium bivalve var. flavescens Kuntze = Nothoscordum gramineum (Sims) P. Beauv.

Reference: FP 1187: 621. 


$


 Allium inodorum Aiton


Allium inodorum Aiton = Nothoscordum inodorum (Aiton) Asch. & Graebner

Reference: FP 1187: 621. 


$


 Allium striatellum Lindl.


Allium striatellum Lindl. = Nothoscordum gramineum (Sims) P. Beauv.

Reference: FP 1187: 621. 


$


 Allium striatum Jacq.


Allium striatum Jacq. = Nothoscordum bivalve (L.) Britton

Reference: FP 1187: 620. 


$


 Allocarpus caracasanus Kunth


Allocarpus caracasanus Kunth = Alloispermum caracasanum (Kunth) H. Rob.

Reference: Robinson, H., 1978: 411. 


$


 Allocarya humilis (R. & P.) Greene


Allocarya humilis (R. & P.) Greene = Plagiobothrys humilis (R. & P.) I.M. Johnst.

Reference: FP 1285: 599; Johnston, I. M., 1927: 85. 


$


 Allocarya kunthii (Walpers) J.F. Macbr.


Allocarya kunthii (Walpers) J.F. Macbr. = Plagiobothrys kunthii (Walpers) I.M. Johnst.

Reference: FP 1285: 600; Johnston, I. M., 1927: 84. 


$


 Allocarya macbridei (I.M. Johnst.) Ferreyra


Allocarya macbridei (I.M. Johnst.) Ferreyra = Plagiobothrys macbridei I.M. Johnst.

Reference: FP 1285: 600. 


$


 Allocarya pygmaea (Kunth) J.F. Macbr.


Allocarya pygmaea (Kunth) J.F. Macbr. = Plagiobothrys pygmaeus (Kunth) I.M. Johnst.

Reference: FP 1285: 601. 


$


 Alloiosepalum weberbaueri Gilg


Alloiosepalum weberbaueri Gilg = Purdiaea nutans Planch.

Reference: FP 682: 287; Thomas, J. L., 1960: 48; St&aring;hl, B., 1992: 30. 


$


 Alloispermum caracasanum (Kunth) H. Rob.



Alloispermum caracasanum (Kunth) H. Rob.

Synonyms: Alloispermum caracasanum Kunth
Reference: Robinson, H., 1978: 411. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I: rocky slopes. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 6621 (F!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Alloispermum weberbaueri H. Rob.



Alloispermum weberbaueri H. Rob.

Reference: Robinson, H., 1979: 427. 
Ecology: Endemic liana, shrub. Andean I-II: forests. 1000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7581* (F), Killip & Smith 22422 (US)
Departments: Ayacucho.


$


 Allomarkgrafia ovalis (R. & P. ex Markgr.) Woodson



Allomarkgrafia ovalis (R. & P. ex Markgr.) Woodson

Synonyms: Allomarkgrafia ovalis R. & P. ex Markgr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1343: 413. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Tafalla s.n.* (B destroyed), Klug 5157 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Allomarkgrafia tubiflora Woodson ex Dwyer



Allomarkgrafia tubiflora Woodson ex Dwyer

Reference: Dwyer, J. D., 1966: 104. 
Ecology: Endemic liana. Andean I: terra firme forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 7648* (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Alloneuron dudleyi Wurdack



Alloneuron dudleyi Wurdack

Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1971: 363. 
Ecology. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Madison 10101* (US!), Dudley 10385 (NA)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco.


$


 Alloneuron majus Markgr. ex Macbr.



Alloneuron majus Markgr. ex Macbr.

Synonyms: Alloneuron majus Markgr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 329. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Tessmann 4625* (B)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Alloneuron ulei Pilg.



Alloneuron ulei Pilg.

Synonyms: Alloneuron ulei Markgr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 329. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ule 6417* (B)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Allophylus amazonicus (Mart.) Radlk.



Allophylus amazonicus (Mart.) Radlk.

$


 Allophylus amazonicus var.amazonicus



Allophylus amazonicus var. amazonicus 

Synonyms: Allophylus amazonicus amazonicus Mart.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1298: 368. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Allophylus amazonicus var.angustifolius Benth. ex Radlk.



Allophylus amazonicus var. angustifolius Benth. ex Radlk.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1298: 368, 373. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Spruce 3907* (K)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Allophylus amentaceus Radlk.



Allophylus amentaceus Radlk.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1298: 369. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Allophylus coriaceus Radlk.



Allophylus coriaceus Radlk.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1298: 369. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Note:   
Voucher: Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (G)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Allophylus densiflorus Radlk.



Allophylus densiflorus Radlk.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1298: 370. 
Ecology. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 3208* (K), Weberbauer 6417 
Departments: Amazonas, Piura.


$


 Allophylus divaricatus Radlk.



Allophylus divaricatus Radlk.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1298: 370. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I-II: forests. 1000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Cano 1784 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Allophylus edulis (A. St. Hilaire, Cambessedes & A. Jussieu) Radlk.



Allophylus edulis (A. St. Hilaire, Cambessedes & A. Jussieu) Radlk.

Synonyms: Allophylus edulis A. St. Hilaire, Cambessedes & A. Jussieu
Reference: Flora Peru: 1298: 371; Ferrucci, M. S., 1991: 11. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Allophylus floribundus (Poepp.) Radlk.



Allophylus floribundus (Poepp.) Radlk.

Synonyms: Allophylus floribundus Poepp., Allophylus floribundus Radlk.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1298: 372. 
Ecology. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 1480* (W), Smith et al. 1091 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Allophylus incanus Radlk.



Allophylus incanus Radlk.

Reference: Radlkofer, L., 1932: 513. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 56071 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Allophylus leiophloeus Radlk.


Allophylus leiophloeus Radlk. = Allophylus floribundus (Poepp.) Radlk.

Reference: FP 1298: 372. 


$


 Allophylus leucoclados Radlk.



Allophylus leucoclados Radlk.

Reference: Radlkofer, L., 1932: 479. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 8546 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Allophylus loretensis Standl. ex J.F. Macbr.



Allophylus loretensis Standl. ex J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1298: 373. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Klug 3103* (F), Gr&aacute;ndez & Criollo 446 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Allophylus multicostatas A.H. Gentry



Allophylus multicostatas A.H. Gentry

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1992: 337. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: According to Gentry (1992d: 337), this species probably occurs in adjacent Ecuador. 
Voucher: Berlin 346* (MO!), Huashikat 1473 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Allophylus paniculatus (Poepp.) Radlk.



Allophylus paniculatus (Poepp.) Radlk.

Synonyms: Allophylus paniculatus Poepp.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1298: 374. 
Ecology: Native tree. . 
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (W), Mexia 8263 (UC)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Allophylus peruvianus Radlk.



Allophylus peruvianus Radlk.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1298: 374. 
Ecology: Native tree. Andean II: forests. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (G), N&uacute;&ntilde;ez 8940 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto.


$


 Allophylus pilosus (J.F. Macbr.) A.H. Gentry



Allophylus pilosus (J.F. Macbr.) A.H. Gentry

Synonyms: Allophylus pilosus J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1298: 376; Gentry, A. H., 1992: 338. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 3783* (MO!), D&iacute;az et al. 830 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Allophylus punctatus (Poepp.) Radlk.



Allophylus punctatus (Poepp.) Radlk.

Synonyms: Allophylus punctatus Poepp.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1298: 374. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree, treelet. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas, forests. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 1853* (W), Williams 5556 (F)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Piura, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes.


$


 Allophylus scrobiculatus (Poepp.) Radlk.



Allophylus scrobiculatus (Poepp.) Radlk.

Synonyms: Allophylus scrobiculatus Poepp.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1298: 375. 
Ecology. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 2451* (W), Killip & Smith 28954 (F)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Allophylus semidentatus (Miq.) Radlk.



Allophylus semidentatus (Miq.) Radlk.

Synonyms: Allophylus semidentatus Miq.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1298: 376. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Allophylus semidentatus var. pilosus J.F. Macbr.


Allophylus semidentatus var. pilosus J.F. Macbr. = Allophylus pilosus (J.F. Macbr.) A.H. Gentry

Reference: FP 1298: 376; Gentry, A. H., 1992: 338. 


$


 Allophylus stenodictyus Radlk.



Allophylus stenodictyus Radlk.

Synonyms: Allophylus stenodictyus Sw.
Reference: Radlkofer, L., 1932: 505. 
Ecology. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: D&iacute;az & V&aacute;squez 3022 (MO!)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Alloplectus affinis Mansf.


Alloplectus affinis Mansf. = Drymonia affinis (Mansf.) Wiehler

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1973: 324. 


$


 Alloplectus altescandens Mansf.



Alloplectus altescandens Mansf.

Reference: Mansfeld, R., 1937: 148. 
Ecology: Endemic liana, subshrub. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Tessmann 4182* (B destroyed)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Alloplectus baguensis L.E. Skog



Alloplectus baguensis L.E. Skog

Reference: Skog, L. E., 1987: 225. 
Ecology: Endemic epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Andean II: cloud forests. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Barbour 3836* (US!), Barbour 2747 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Alloplectus bolivianus (Britton) Wiehler



Alloplectus bolivianus (Britton) Wiehler

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1973: 327. 
Ecology: Native herb. . 
Voucher: Smith et al. 1652 (US!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Alloplectus circinatus Mart.


Alloplectus circinatus Mart. = Drymonia coccinea (Aublet) Wiehler

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1973: 324. 


$


 Alloplectus coccineus (Aubl.) Mart.


Alloplectus coccineus (Aubl.) Mart. = Drymonia coccinea (Aublet) Wiehler

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1973: 324. 


$


 Alloplectus coccineus var. fusco-maculatus Leeuwenberg


Alloplectus coccineus var. fusco-maculatus Leeuwenberg = Drymonia pendula (Poepp.) Wiehler

$


 Alloplectus corymbosus Klotzsch ex Hanst.


Alloplectus corymbosus Klotzsch ex Hanst. = Corytoplectus speciosus (Poepp.) Wiehler

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1973: 313. 


$


 Alloplectus dimorphobracteatus Hoehne



Alloplectus dimorphobracteatus Hoehne

Reference: Hoehne, F. C., 1958: 46. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Alloplectus erythroloma Leeuwenberg


Alloplectus erythroloma Leeuwenberg = Drymonia erythroloma (Leeuwenberg) Wiehler

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1973: 325. 


$


 Alloplectus forgetii Sprague


Alloplectus forgetii Sprague = Nautilocalyx forgetii (Sprague) Sprague

$


 Alloplectus glaber DC.


Alloplectus glaber DC. = Drymonia serrulata (Jacq.) Mart.

$


 Alloplectus hirsutus Sprague


Alloplectus hirsutus Sprague = Nautilocalyx hirsutus (Sprague) Sprague

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1978: 34. 


$


 Alloplectus ichthyoderma Hanst.



Alloplectus ichthyoderma Hanst.

Synonyms: Alloplectus ichthyoderma (Hanstein) Fritsch, Alloplectus ichthyoderma (Hanstein) Kuntze, Alloplectus ichthyoderma C.V. Morton, Alloplectus ichthyoderma Cuatrec., Alloplectus ichthyoderma Cuatrec., Alloplectus ichthyoderma Donn. Sm.


$


 Alloplectus ichthyoderma var. pallidus C.V. Morton


Alloplectus ichthyoderma var. pallidus C.V. Morton = Alloplectus ichthyoderma Hanst.

$


 Alloplectus lynchii Hook. f.


Alloplectus lynchii Hook. f. = Nautilocalyx lynchii (Hook. f.) Sprague

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1978: 36. 


$


 Alloplectus macrophyllus (Oerst.) Hemsl.


Alloplectus macrophyllus (Oerst.) Hemsl. = Drymonia macrophylla (Oerst.) H.E. Moore

Reference: Moore Jr., H. E., 1955: 109. 


$


 Alloplectus metamorphophyllus Donn. Sm.


Alloplectus metamorphophyllus Donn. Sm. = Paradrymonia metamorphophylla (Donn. Sm.) Wiehler

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1978: 57. 


$


 Alloplectus microsepalus C.V. Morton



Alloplectus microsepalus C.V. Morton

Synonyms: Alloplectus microsepalus (Wiehler) L.E. Skog, Alloplectus microsepalus Wiehler
Reference: Kvist & Skog, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: semi-deciduous forests. . 
Departments: Tumbes.


$


 Alloplectus pallidus Sprague


Alloplectus pallidus Sprague = Nautilocalyx pallidus (Sprague) Sprague

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1978: 38. 


$


 Alloplectus patrisii DC.


Alloplectus patrisii DC. = Drymonia coccinea (Aublet) Wiehler

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1973: 324. 


$


 Alloplectus pendulus Poepp.


Alloplectus pendulus Poepp. = Drymonia pendula (Poepp.) Wiehler

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1973: 325. 


$


 Alloplectus peruvianus (Zahlbr.) L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog



Alloplectus peruvianus (Zahlbr.) L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog

Synonyms: Alloplectus peruvianus (Zahlbruckner) Wiehler, Alloplectus peruvianus (Zahlbruckner) Wiehler, Alloplectus peruvianus Zahlbr.
Reference: Kvist & Skog, 1993 [in press].. 
Ecology: Endemic epiphytic or terrestrial herb, liana, shrub, subshrub. Andean I-II: cloud forests. 1000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Jelski 72* (W), Ferreyra 1016 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco, Ucayali.


$


 Alloplectus ruacophilus Donn. Sm.


Alloplectus ruacophilus Donn. Sm. = Alloplectus ichthyoderma Hanst.

Reference: Hanstein, J., 1865: 372. 


$


 Alloplectus semicordatus Poepp.


Alloplectus semicordatus Poepp. = Drymonia semicordata (Poepp.) Wiehler

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1973: 326. 


$


 Alloplectus speciosus Poepp.


Alloplectus speciosus Poepp. = Corytoplectus speciosus (Poepp.) Wiehler

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1973: 313. 


$


 Alloplectus sylvarum S. Moore


Alloplectus sylvarum S. Moore = Drymonia semicordata (Poepp.) Wiehler

$


 Alloplectus tessmannii Mansf.



Alloplectus tessmannii Mansf.

Reference: Mansfeld, R., 1937: 149. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Tessmann 1800* (B destroyed)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Alloplectus varelanus Cuatrec.


Alloplectus varelanus Cuatrec. = Alloplectus ichthyoderma Hanst.

$


 Alloplectus vittatus Linden & Andre


Alloplectus vittatus Linden & Andre = Corytoplectus speciosus (Poepp.) Wiehler

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1973: 313. 


$


 Alloplectus weirii (Kuntze) Wiehler



Alloplectus weirii (Kuntze) Wiehler

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1973: 327. 
Ecology: Native herb. . 
Voucher: Schunke 9143 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Loreto.


$


 Allosanthus trifoliolatus Radlk.



Allosanthus trifoliolatus Radlk.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1298: 366. 
Ecology: Endemic liana. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Syntypes Tessmann 4444*, 4462* (B)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Allosorus acclivis Kunze


Allosorus acclivis Kunze = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 184. 


$


 Alnus acuminata Kunth



Alnus acuminata Kunth

$


 Alnus acuminata Kunth subsp.acuminata



Alnus acuminata Kunth subsp. acuminata 

Synonyms: Alnus acuminata acuminata (Winkler) Callier, Alnus acuminata acuminata Kunth, Alnus acuminata acuminata Mirbel, Alnus acuminata acuminata Philippi, Alnus acuminata acuminata Spach, Alnus acuminata var. acuminata (H.B.K.) Kuntze, Alnus acuminata var. acuminata (Kunth) Kuntze, Alnus acuminata var. acuminata (Mirbel) Regel, Alnus acuminata var. acuminata (Spach) Regel, Alnus acuminata var. acuminata (Spach) Winkler, Alnus acuminata var. acuminata (Winkler) Callier, pro syn., Alnus acuminata var. acuminata Regel, Alnus acuminata var. acuminata Regel, Alnus acuminata var. acuminata Winkler
Reference: Furlow, J. J., 1979: 100. 
Ecology: Cultivated tree. Andean I-III, Coastal: disturbed areas, forests, grasslands, riversides, shrublands. 0-4000 m. 
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland s.n.* (P), Dwyer 6126 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Piura, Puno.


$


 Alnus acuminata var. genuina Regel


Alnus acuminata var. genuina Regel = Alnus acuminata Kunth subsp. acuminata 

Reference: Furlow, J. J., 1979: 100. 


$


 Alnus acuminata var. mirbelii (Spach) Regel


Alnus acuminata var. mirbelii (Spach) Regel = Alnus acuminata Kunth subsp. acuminata 

Reference: Furlow, J. J., 1979: 102. 


$


 Alnus acutissima (Winkler) Callier


Alnus acutissima (Winkler) Callier = Alnus acuminata Kunth subsp. acuminata 

Reference: Furlow, J. J., 1979: 102. 


$


 Alnus arguta var. punctata Regel


Alnus arguta var. punctata Regel = Alnus acuminata Kunth subsp. acuminata 

Reference: Furlow, J. J., 1979: 102. 


$


 Alnus castaneifolia Mirbel


Alnus castaneifolia Mirbel = Alnus acuminata Kunth subsp. acuminata 

Reference: Furlow, J. J., 1979: 102. 


$


 Alnus ferruginea Kunth


Alnus ferruginea Kunth = Alnus acuminata Kunth subsp. acuminata 

Reference: Furlow, J. J., 1979: 102. 


$


 Alnus jorullensis Kunth



Alnus jorullensis Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 1229: 267; Furlow, J. J., 1979: 151. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Furlow (1979b) indicates that this species is restricted to Mexico and Guatemala. 


$


 Alnus jorullensis var. acuminata (Kunth) Kuntze


Alnus jorullensis var. acuminata (Kunth) Kuntze = Alnus acuminata Kunth subsp. acuminata 

Reference: Furlow, J. J., 1979: 100. 


$


 Alnus jorullensis var. acutissima Winkler


Alnus jorullensis var. acutissima Winkler = Alnus acuminata Kunth subsp. acuminata 

Reference: FP 1229: 267; Furlow, J. J., 1979: 102. 


$


 Alnus jorullensis var. castaneifolia (Mirbel) Regel


Alnus jorullensis var. castaneifolia (Mirbel) Regel = Alnus acuminata Kunth subsp. acuminata 

Reference: FP 1229: 267; Furlow, J. J., 1979: 102. 


$


 Alnus jorullensis var. ferruginea (H.B.K.) Kuntze


Alnus jorullensis var. ferruginea (H.B.K.) Kuntze = Alnus acuminata Kunth subsp. acuminata 

Reference: FP 1229: 267; Furlow, J. J., 1979: 102. 


$


 Alnus jorullensis var. mirbelii (Spach) Winkler


Alnus jorullensis var. mirbelii (Spach) Winkler = Alnus acuminata Kunth subsp. acuminata 

Reference: FP 1229: 267; Furlow, J. J., 1979: 102. 


$


 Alnus lanceolata Philippi


Alnus lanceolata Philippi = Alnus acuminata Kunth subsp. acuminata 

Reference: Furlow, J. J., 1979: 102. 


$


 Alnus mirbelii Spach


Alnus mirbelii Spach = Alnus acuminata Kunth subsp. acuminata 

Reference: Furlow, J. J., 1979: 102. 


$


 Alnus mirbelii var. acutissima (Winkler) Callier, pro syn.


Alnus mirbelii var. acutissima (Winkler) Callier, pro syn. = Alnus acuminata Kunth subsp. acuminata 

Reference: Furlow, J. J., 1979: 102. 


$


 Alocasia indica var. metallica Schott


Alocasia indica var. metallica Schott = Alocasia plumbea Van Houtte

Reference: Bailey, L. & E. Bailey, 1976: 57. 


$


 Alocasia macrorrhizos (L.) G. Don



Alocasia macrorrhizos (L.) G. Don

Synonyms: Alocasia macrorrhizos L.
Reference: Engler, A. & K. Krause, 1920: 84; Bunting, G., 1979: 147. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: De Jong 67 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$



$


 Alocasia plumbea Van Houtte



Alocasia plumbea Van Houtte

Synonyms: Alocasia plumbea Schott
Reference: Bailey, L. & E. Bailey, 1976: 57. 
Ecology: Introduced herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Williams 4070 (F!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f.



Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f.

$


 Alona revoluta (Ruiz & Pav.) Lindl.


Alona revoluta (Ruiz & Pav.) Lindl. = Nolana revoluta Ruiz & Pav.

$


 Alonsoa acutifolia Ruiz & Pav.



Alonsoa acutifolia Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Alonsoa acutifolia Lopez Guillen
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 470; L&oacute;pez G., J., 1970: 190; Astholm & Molau, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 2189 (MOL!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Alonsoa acutifolia subsp. diversifolia Lopez Guillen


Alonsoa acutifolia subsp. diversifolia Lopez Guillen = Alonsoa acutifolia Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: L&oacute;pez G., J., 1970: 194; Astholm & Molau, pers. comm.. 


$


 Alonsoa auriculata Diels



Alonsoa auriculata Diels

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 471; L&oacute;pez G., J., 1970: 202; Astholm & Molau, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 13927* (PH), Ferreyra 16817 (USM)
Departments: Cajamarca, Puno.


$


 Alonsoa bidentanta Lopez Guillen


Alonsoa bidentanta Lopez Guillen = Alonsoa caulialata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: L&oacute;pez G., J., 1970: 241; Astholm & Molau, pers. comm.. 


$


 Alonsoa cajamarcensis Lopez Guillen


Alonsoa cajamarcensis Lopez Guillen = Alonsoa linearis var. linearis 

Reference: L&oacute;pez G., J., 1970: 165; Astholm & Molau, pers. comm.. 


$


 Alonsoa caulialata Ruiz & Pav.



Alonsoa caulialata Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Alonsoa caulialata Lopez Guillen
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 474; Astholm & Molau, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: rocky slopes. 1000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 12801 (USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Piura, Puno.


$


 Alonsoa ferreyrae Lopez Guillen


Alonsoa ferreyrae Lopez Guillen = Alonsoa linearis var. linearis 

Reference: L&oacute;pez G., J., 1970: 186; Astholm & Molau, pers. comm.. 


$


 Alonsoa incisifolia Ruiz & Pav.



Alonsoa incisifolia Ruiz & Pav.

$


 Alonsoa incisifolia var. incisifolia


Alonsoa incisifolia var. incisifolia = Alonsoa meridionalis var. meridionalis 

Reference: FP 1361: 474; L&oacute;pez G., J., 1970: 232; Astholm & Molau, pers. comm.. 


$


 Alonsoa incisifolia var. latifolia Benth.


Alonsoa incisifolia var. latifolia Benth. = Alonsoa meridionalis var. meridionalis 

Reference: FP 1361: 474; L&oacute;pez G., J., 1970: 238; Astholm & Molau, pers. comm.. 


$


 Alonsoa integrifolia Edwin


Alonsoa integrifolia Edwin = Alonsoa linearis var. linearis 

Reference: FP 1361: 471; Astholm & Molau, pers. comm.. 


$


 Alonsoa linearifolia Steud.


Alonsoa linearifolia Steud. = Alonsoa linearis var. linearis 

Reference: FP 1361: 472. 


$


 Alonsoa linearifolia var. platypylla Diels


Alonsoa linearifolia var. platypylla Diels = Alonsoa linearis var. platyphylla (Diels) Edwin

Reference: FP 1361: 473. 


$


 Alonsoa linearis (Jacq.) Ruiz & Pav.



Alonsoa linearis (Jacq.) Ruiz & Pav.

$


 Alonsoa linearis var. glaberrima Edwin


Alonsoa linearis var. glaberrima Edwin = Alonsoa meridionalis var. meridionalis 

Reference: FP 1361: 473; Astholm & Molau, pers. comm.. 


$


 Alonsoa linearis var.linearis



Alonsoa linearis var. linearis 

Synonyms: Alonsoa linearis linearis Edwin, Alonsoa linearis linearis Jacq., Alonsoa linearis linearis Kunth, Alonsoa linearis linearis Lopez Guillen, Alonsoa linearis linearis Lopez Guillen, Alonsoa linearis linearis Lopez Guillen, Alonsoa linearis linearis Lopez Guillen, Alonsoa linearis linearis Steud.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 473; Astholm & Molau, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III: forests. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Dillon et al. 3086 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Alonsoa linearis var.platyphylla (Diels) Edwin



Alonsoa linearis var. platyphylla (Diels) Edwin

Synonyms: Alonsoa linearis var. platyphylla Diels
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 473; Astholm & Molau, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native herb. . 
Voucher: Molau et al. 1755 (GB)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Alonsoa mathewsii Benth.


Alonsoa mathewsii Benth. = Alonsoa minor Edwin

Reference: FP 1361: 474; Astholm & Molau, pers. comm.. 


$


 Alonsoa meridionalis (L.f.) Kuntze



Alonsoa meridionalis (L.f.) Kuntze

$


 Alonsoa meridionalis var.lactea Diels



Alonsoa meridionalis var. lactea Diels

Reference: Astholm & Molau, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: &ouml;hman & Molau 1781 (GB!)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Alonsoa meridionalis var.meridionalis



Alonsoa meridionalis var. meridionalis 

Synonyms: Alonsoa meridionalis meridionalis (Kunth) Steud., Alonsoa meridionalis meridionalis (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers., Alonsoa meridionalis meridionalis Kunth, Alonsoa meridionalis meridionalis Kunth, Alonsoa meridionalis meridionalis L.f., Alonsoa meridionalis meridionalis Lodd, Alonsoa meridionalis meridionalis Lopez Guillen, Alonsoa meridionalis meridionalis Pers., Alonsoa meridionalis meridionalis Regel, Alonsoa meridionalis meridionalis Ruiz & Pav., Alonsoa meridionalis meridionalis Sims, Alonsoa meridionalis meridionalis Steud., Alonsoa meridionalis meridionalis Steud., Alonsoa meridionalis meridionalis Willd., Alonsoa meridionalis var. meridionalis, Alonsoa meridionalis var. meridionalis Benth., Alonsoa meridionalis var. meridionalis Edwin
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 474; L&oacute;pez G., J., 1970: 221; Astholm & Molau, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-III, Coastal: forests, lomas, rocky slopes. 0-4000 m. 
Voucher: Sullivan et al. 1049 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Alonsoa minor Edwin



Alonsoa minor Edwin

Synonyms: Alonsoa minor Benth.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 476; Astholm & Molau, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: forests. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 3702 (USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca.


$


 Alonsoa mucronata Lopez Guillen


Alonsoa mucronata Lopez Guillen = Alonsoa linearis var. linearis 

Reference: L&oacute;pez G., J., 1970: 172; Astholm & Molau, pers. comm.. 


$


 Alonsoa mutisii Steud.


Alonsoa mutisii Steud. = Alonsoa meridionalis var. meridionalis 

Reference: FP 1361: 474. 


$


 Alonsoa myrtifolia Roezl.



Alonsoa myrtifolia Roezl.

Reference: L&oacute;pez G., J., 1970: 212; Astholm & Molau, pers. comm.. 
Note: nom. inval.  


$


 Alonsoa pallida Edwin



Alonsoa pallida Edwin

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 476; Astholm & Molau, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 1500-2500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Pennell 15918 (BH)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Alonsoa parviflora (Kunth) Steud.


Alonsoa parviflora (Kunth) Steud. = Alonsoa meridionalis var. meridionalis 

Reference: FP 1361: 474. 


$


 Alonsoa peruviana Lopez Guillen


Alonsoa peruviana Lopez Guillen = Alonsoa meridionalis var. meridionalis 

Reference: L&oacute;pez G., J., 1970: 228; Astholm & Molau, pers. comm.. 


$


 Alonsoa procumbens Ruiz & Pav.


Alonsoa procumbens Ruiz & Pav. = Alonsoa meridionalis var. meridionalis 

Reference: FP 1361: 474. 


$


 Alonsoa serrata Pennell



Alonsoa serrata Pennell

Reference: L&oacute;pez G., J., 1970: 224; Astholm & Molau, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru. Endemic to Colombia.  


$


 Alonsoa soukupii Lopez Guillen


Alonsoa soukupii Lopez Guillen = ?  

Reference: L&oacute;pez G., J., 1970: 176; Astholm & Molau, pers. comm.. 


$


 Alonsoa unidentata Lopez Guillen


Alonsoa unidentata Lopez Guillen = Alonsoa linearis var. linearis 

Reference: L&oacute;pez G., J., 1970: 181; Astholm & Molau, pers. comm.. 


$


 Alonsoa urticeaefolia Steud.


Alonsoa urticeaefolia Steud. = Alonsoa meridionalis var. meridionalis 

Reference: FP 1361: 474. 


$


 Alonsoa warscewiczii Regel


Alonsoa warscewiczii Regel = Alonsoa meridionalis var. meridionalis 

Reference: FP 1361: 474. 


$


 Alopecurus aequalis Sobol.



Alopecurus aequalis Sobol.

Synonyms: Alopecurus aequalis Michx.
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 167. 
Ecology: Native aquatic herb. Andean III: floating, emergent. 3500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Davis et al. 1628 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Alopecurus aristulatus Michx.


Alopecurus aristulatus Michx. = Alopecurus aequalis Sobol.

Reference: FP 719: 167. 


$


 Alopecurus bracteatus Philippi


Alopecurus bracteatus Philippi = Alopecurus magellanicus var. bracteatus (Philippi) M. C. Mariano

Reference: FP 719: 167; Mariano, M. C., 1978: 344. 


$


 Alopecurus hitchcockii Parodi



Alopecurus hitchcockii Parodi

Reference: Parodi, L. R., 1931: 366; Tovar, O., 1957: 65. 
Ecology: Native aquatic or terrestrial herb. Andean III: grasslands, riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 4000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Tovar 2506 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Huancavelica.


$


 Alopecurus magellanicus Lam.



Alopecurus magellanicus Lam.

$


 Alopecurus magellanicus Lam. var.magellanicus



Alopecurus magellanicus Lam. var. magellanicus 

Reference: Mariano, M. C., 1978: 344. 
Ecology: Native aquatic or terrestrial herb. Andean III: grasslands, seasonally inundated areas. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Smith 3011 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Alopecurus magellanicus var.bracteatus (Philippi) M. C. Mariano



Alopecurus magellanicus var. bracteatus (Philippi) M. C. Mariano

Synonyms: Alopecurus magellanicus bracteatus Philippi
Reference: Mariano, M. C., 1978: 344. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands.  > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Ch&aacute;vez 3319 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Puno.


$


 Alopecurus monspeliensis L.


Alopecurus monspeliensis L. = Polypogon monspeliensis (L.) Desf.

Reference: FP 719: 168. 


$


 Aloysia aloysioides Loes. & Moldenke



Aloysia aloysioides Loes. & Moldenke

Synonyms: Aloysia aloysioides Loesener ex Moldenke pro syn.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 647; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 132. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: shrublands. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 5206* (F), Ferreyra 759 
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Lima.


$


 Aloysia ayacuchensis Moldenke



Aloysia ayacuchensis Moldenke

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 648; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 132. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I-II: dry valleys. 1000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Padre Loy 4187* (NY), S&aacute;nchez 2763 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Lima.


$


 Aloysia fiebrigii (Hayek) Moldenke



Aloysia fiebrigii (Hayek) Moldenke

Synonyms: Aloysia fiebrigii Hayek
Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 649; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 132. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III: riversides. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: N&uacute;&ntilde;ez et al. 7018 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho, Cuzco.


$


 Aloysia herrerae Moldenke



Aloysia herrerae Moldenke

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 650; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 132. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Herrera 1534* (F), Hutchinson & Tovar 4199 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huancavelica.


$


 Aloysia leptophylla Loes. & Moldenke



Aloysia leptophylla Loes. & Moldenke

Synonyms: Aloysia leptophylla Loesener ex J. F. Macbride nom. inval.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 650; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 132. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Coastal: forests, riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 5374* (F)
Departments: Ica, Lima.


$


 Aloysia minthiosa Moldenke



Aloysia minthiosa Moldenke

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 650; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 132. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I: rocky slopes. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 2564* (F), Ferreyra 17916 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Lima.


$


 Aloysia peruviana (Turczaninow) Moldenke



Aloysia peruviana (Turczaninow) Moldenke

Synonyms: Aloysia peruviana Turcz.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 652; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 132. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Mathews 585* (K)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Aloysia scorodonioides (Kunth) Cham.



Aloysia scorodonioides (Kunth) Cham.

$


 Aloysia scorodonioides var.detonsa (Briq.) Moldenke



Aloysia scorodonioides var. detonsa (Briq.) Moldenke

Synonyms: Aloysia scorodonioides var. detonsa Briq.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 652; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 132. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I: riversides. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 7054 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Aloysia scorodonioides var. hypoleuca (Briq.) Moldenke


Aloysia scorodonioides var. hypoleuca (Briq.) Moldenke = Aloysia scorodonioides var. scorodonioides 

Reference: Moldenke, H. N., 1977: 437. 


$


 Aloysia scorodonioides var.lopez-palacii Moldenke



Aloysia scorodonioides var. lopez-palacii Moldenke

Reference: Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 132. 
Note: Distribution based on Moldenke (1980f), who cites no voucher. 
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Aloysia scorodonioides var.mathewsii (Briq.) Moldenke



Aloysia scorodonioides var. mathewsii (Briq.) Moldenke

Synonyms: Aloysia scorodonioides var. mathewsii Briq.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 652; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 132. 
Ecology. 500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 3160* (G)
Departments: Cuzco, Lima.


$


 Aloysia scorodonioides var.parvifolia Moldenke



Aloysia scorodonioides var. parvifolia Moldenke

Reference: Moldenke, H. N., 1977: 437; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 132. 
Note: Distribution based on Moldenke (1980f), who cites no voucher. 
Departments: Ancash, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Lima.


$


 Aloysia scorodonioides var.scorodonioides



Aloysia scorodonioides var. scorodonioides 

Synonyms: Aloysia scorodonioides scorodonioides Kunth, Aloysia scorodonioides var. scorodonioides (Briq.) Moldenke, Aloysia scorodonioides var. scorodonioides Briq.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 652; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 132. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 1500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Tupayachi  127 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Aloysia spathulata (Hayek) Moldenke



Aloysia spathulata (Hayek) Moldenke

Synonyms: Aloysia spathulata Hayek
Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 653; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 132. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: rocky slopes. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4911* (B), Ferreyra 14253 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco.


$


 Aloysia triphylla (L'H&eacute;r.) Britton



Aloysia triphylla (L'H&eacute;r.) Britton

Synonyms: Aloysia triphylla (L'H&eacute;r.) Kuntze, Aloysia triphylla (Lam.) Kunth, Aloysia triphylla L'H&eacute;r., Aloysia triphylla Lam.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 654; L&oacute;pez-Palacios, S., 1977: 182. 
Ecology: Cultivated shrub. Andean II-III: disturbed areas. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Tupayachi & Galiano 764 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco.


$


 Aloysia urticoides Cham.


Aloysia urticoides Cham. = Aloysia virgata var. virgata 

Reference: FP 1286: 655; Moldenke, H. N., 1959: 233. 


$


 Aloysia virgata (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Juss.



Aloysia virgata (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Juss.

$


 Aloysia virgata var.elliptica (Briq.) Moldenke



Aloysia virgata var. elliptica (Briq.) Moldenke

Synonyms: Aloysia virgata var. elliptica Briq.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 655; Moldenke, H. N., 1940: 441. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I: disturbed areas. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Belshaw 3290 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Aloysia virgata var.virgata



Aloysia virgata var. virgata 

Synonyms: Aloysia virgata virgata (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Jussieu, Aloysia virgata virgata Cham., Aloysia virgata virgata Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 655; Troncoso, N. S., 1974: 343. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (G photo F!), Chrostowski 70-430 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Apur&iacute;mac, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Alpaminia trichocarpa (Muschler) O.E. Schulz


Alpaminia trichocarpa (Muschler) O.E. Schulz = Weberbauera trichocarpa (Muschl.) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 614: 973; Al-Shehbaz, I. A., 1990: 240. 


$


 Alpinia comosa Jacq.


Alpinia comosa Jacq. = Costus comosus var. comosus (Jacq.) Roscoe

Reference: Maas, P. J. M., 1972: 83. 


$


 Alpinia occidentalis Sw.


Alpinia occidentalis Sw. = Renealmia aromatica (Aubl.) Griseb. ex K. Schum.

Reference: FP 1203: 730; Maas, P. J. M., 1977: 103. 


$


 Alpinia ruiziana Steud.


Alpinia ruiziana Steud. = Renealmia racemosa Poepp. & Endl.

Reference: FP 1203: 727; Maas, P. J. M., 1977: 123. 


$


 Alpinia spiralis Jacq.


Alpinia spiralis Jacq. = Costus spiralis var. spiralis 

Reference: FP 1203: 736; Maas, P. J. M., 1972: 106. 


$


 Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) B.L. Burtt & R.M. Sm.



Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) B.L. Burtt & R.M. Sm.

Synonyms: Alpinia zerumbet Pers.
Reference: Burtt, B. L. & R. M. Smith, 1972: 204. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 5038 (USM!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Alseis labatioides H. Karst. ex Schum.



Alseis labatioides H. Karst. ex Schum.

Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 161. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 10450 (MO!)
Departments: Ucayali.


$



$


 Alseis microcarpa Standl. & Steyerm.



Alseis microcarpa Standl. & Steyerm.

Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 164. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from four sterile collections. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 42853 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Alseis peruviana Standl.



Alseis peruviana Standl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 12. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: riversides. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Williams 5030* (F), Gentry & Smith 44988 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes, Ucayali.


$



$


 Alsine media L.


Alsine media L. = Stellaria media (L.) Vill.

Reference: FP 1267: 593. 


$


 Alsine rupestris Muschl.



Alsine rupestris Muschl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 604. 
Ecology.  > 4500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   This taxon may be better placed in Arenaria. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 1042* (B)
Departments: Puno.


$


 Alsine weberbaueri Muschl.



Alsine weberbaueri Muschl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 605. 
Ecology. 4000-4500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   This taxon may be better placed in Arenaria. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 1560* (B)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Alsodeia brevipes Benth.


Alsodeia brevipes Benth. = Rinorea brevipes (Benth.) S.F. Blake

Reference: Hekking, W. H. A., 1988: 98. 


$


 Alsodeia falcata C. Martius ex Eichler


Alsodeia falcata C. Martius ex Eichler = Rinorea falcata (C. Martius ex Eichler) Kuntze

Reference: FP 729: 58; Hekking, W. H. A., 1988: 123. 


$


 Alsodeia guianensis (Aubl.) Eichler


Alsodeia guianensis (Aubl.) Eichler = Rinorea pubiflora fo. pubiflora 

Reference: FP 729: 61; Baehni, C. & R. Weibel, 1941: 195; Hekking, W. H. A., 1988: 103. 


$


 Alsodeia guianensis var. lindeniana (Tul.) Eichler


Alsodeia guianensis var. lindeniana (Tul.) Eichler = Rinorea lindeniana (Tul.) Kuntze

Reference: FP 729: 60; Baehni, C. & R. Weibel, 1941: 195; Hekking, W. H. A., 1988: 136. 


$


 Alsodeia lindeniana Tul.


Alsodeia lindeniana Tul. = Rinorea lindeniana (Tul.) Kuntze

Reference: FP 729: 60; Hekking, W. H. A., 1988: 136. 


$


 Alsodeia macrocarpa C. Martius ex Eichler


Alsodeia macrocarpa C. Martius ex Eichler = Rinorea macrocarpa (C. Martius ex Eichler) Kuntze

Reference: FP 729: 60; Hekking, W. H. A., 1988: 80. 


$


 Alsodeia pubiflora Benth.


Alsodeia pubiflora Benth. = Rinorea pubiflora fo. pubiflora 

Reference: Hekking, W. H. A., 1988: 103. 


$


 Alsodeia racemosa Mart.


Alsodeia racemosa Mart. = Rinorea racemosa (C. Martius) Kuntze

Reference: FP 729: 61; Hekking, W. H. A., 1988: 173. 


$


 Alsodeia sprucei Eichler


Alsodeia sprucei Eichler = Rinorea sprucei (Eichler) Kuntze

Reference: Hekking, W. H. A., 1988: 175. 


$


 Alsomitra brasiliensis Cogn.


Alsomitra brasiliensis Cogn. = Siolmatra brasiliensis (Cogniaux) Baill.

Reference: FP 1379: 329. 


$


 Alsomitra pedatifolia Cogn.


Alsomitra pedatifolia Cogn. = Fevillea pedatifolia (Cogniaux) C. Jeffrey

Reference: FP 1379: 331; Jeffrey, C., 1962: 199. 


$


 Alsomitra peruviana Huber


Alsomitra peruviana Huber = Fevillea pedatifolia (Cogniaux) C. Jeffrey

Reference: FP 1379: 331; Jeffrey, C., 1962: 199. 


$


 Alsophila armigera Kunze


Alsophila armigera Kunze = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 123. 


$


 Alsophila aterrima Hook.


Alsophila aterrima Hook. = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 114. 


$


 Alsophila blechnoides Hook.


Alsophila blechnoides Hook. = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 111. 


$


 Alsophila conjugata Spruce ex Hook.


Alsophila conjugata Spruce ex Hook. = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 128. 


$


 Alsophila contracta Hieron.


Alsophila contracta Hieron. = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 109. 


$


 Alsophila cuspidata (Kunze) D.S. Conant


Alsophila cuspidata (Kunze) D.S. Conant = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 120. 


$


 Alsophila dombeyi Desv.


Alsophila dombeyi Desv. = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 123. 


$


 Alsophila elongata Hook.


Alsophila elongata Hook. = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 115. 


$


 Alsophila engelii R.M. Tryon



Alsophila engelii R.M. Tryon

Reference: Flora Peru: 2132: 116. 
Ecology: Native Solitary, globular cactus. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Smith 4454 (GH)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Alsophila erinacea (H. Karst.) D.S. Conant


Alsophila erinacea (H. Karst.) D.S. Conant = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 118. 


$


 Alsophila floribunda Baker


Alsophila floribunda Baker = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 123. 


$


 Alsophila frigida H. Karst.


Alsophila frigida H. Karst. = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 126. 


$


 Alsophila incana (H. Karst.) D.S. Conant


Alsophila incana (H. Karst.) D.S. Conant = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 120. 


$


 Alsophila infesta Kunze


Alsophila infesta Kunze = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 123. 


$


 Alsophila killipii Maxon


Alsophila killipii Maxon = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 124. 


$


 Alsophila lasiosora Mett. ex Kuhn


Alsophila lasiosora Mett. ex Kuhn = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 124. 


$


 Alsophila latevagans Baker


Alsophila latevagans Baker = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 124. 


$


 Alsophila lechleri Mett.


Alsophila lechleri Mett. = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 128. 


$


 Alsophila macrosora Baker


Alsophila macrosora Baker = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 115. 


$


 Alsophila melanopus Hook.


Alsophila melanopus Hook. = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 124. 


$


 Alsophila microdonta (Desv.) Desv.


Alsophila microdonta (Desv.) Desv. = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 127. 


$


 Alsophila nigra Mart.


Alsophila nigra Mart. = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 124. 


$


 Alsophila nigripes C. Chr.


Alsophila nigripes C. Chr. = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 124. 


$


 Alsophila pallescens Sodiro


Alsophila pallescens Sodiro = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 131. 


$


 Alsophila peruviana Klotzsch


Alsophila peruviana Klotzsch = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 123. 


$


 Alsophila phegopteroides Hook.


Alsophila phegopteroides Hook. = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 127. 


$


 Alsophila pilosissima Baker


Alsophila pilosissima Baker = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 125. 


$


 Alsophila poeppigii Hook.


Alsophila poeppigii Hook. = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 115. 


$


 Alsophila procera (Willd.) Desv.


Alsophila procera (Willd.) Desv. = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 123. 


$


 Alsophila pruinata (Sw.) Kaulf. ex Kunze


Alsophila pruinata (Sw.) Kaulf. ex Kunze = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 109. 


$


 Alsophila pterorachis Baker


Alsophila pterorachis Baker = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 123. 


$


 Alsophila pubescens Baker


Alsophila pubescens Baker = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 126. 


$


 Alsophila pycnocarpa Kunze


Alsophila pycnocarpa Kunze = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 123. 


$


 Alsophila quadripinnata (J.F. Gmel.) C. Chr.


Alsophila quadripinnata (J.F. Gmel.) C. Chr. = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 109. 


$


 Alsophila tarapotensis Rosenst.


Alsophila tarapotensis Rosenst. = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 124. 


$


 Alsophila tryonorum Riba


Alsophila tryonorum Riba = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 128. 


$


 Alsophila ulei H. Christ


Alsophila ulei H. Christ = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 128. 


$


 Alstroemeria anceps Ruiz & Pav.


Alstroemeria anceps Ruiz & Pav. = Bomarea anceps (Ruiz & Pav.) Herbert

Reference: FP 1190: 649. 


$


 Alstroemeria bracteata Ruiz & Pav.


Alstroemeria bracteata Ruiz & Pav. = Bomarea bracteata (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Herbert

Reference: FP 1190: 640. 


$


 Alstroemeria chorillensis Herbert



Alstroemeria chorillensis Herbert

Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 663. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II, Coastal: rocky slopes. 0-3500 m. 
Voucher: Sullivan et al. 924 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Lima.


$


 Alstroemeria coccinea Ruiz & Pav.


Alstroemeria coccinea Ruiz & Pav. = Bomarea coccinea (Ruiz & Pav.) Baker

Reference: FP 1190: 646. 


$


 Alstroemeria cordifolia Ruiz & Pav.


Alstroemeria cordifolia Ruiz & Pav. = Bomarea cordifolia (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Herb.

Reference: FP 1190: 660. 


$


 Alstroemeria crocea Ruiz & Pav.


Alstroemeria crocea Ruiz & Pav. = Bomarea crocea (Ruiz & Pav.) Herbert

Reference: FP 1190: 644. 


$


 Alstroemeria declinata Poepp. & Endl.


Alstroemeria declinata Poepp. & Endl. = Bomarea declinata (Poepp. & Endl.) Klotzsch ex Kunth

Reference: FP 1190: 662. 


$


 Alstroemeria denticulata Ruiz & Pav.


Alstroemeria denticulata Ruiz & Pav. = Bomarea denticulata (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Herbert

Reference: FP 1190: 652. 


$


 Alstroemeria distichifolia Ruiz & Pav.


Alstroemeria distichifolia Ruiz & Pav. = Bomarea distichifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Baker

Reference: FP 1190: 646. 


$


 Alstroemeria dulcis Hooker


Alstroemeria dulcis Hooker = Bomarea dulcis (Hooker) Beauverd

Reference: FP 1190: 642. 


$


 Alstroemeria edulis Tussac


Alstroemeria edulis Tussac = Bomarea edulis (Tussac) Herb.

$


 Alstroemeria fimbriata Ruiz & Pav.


Alstroemeria fimbriata Ruiz & Pav. = Bomarea rosea (Ruiz & Pav.) Herbert

Reference: FP 1190: 648. 


$


 Alstroemeria formosissima Ruiz & Pav.


Alstroemeria formosissima Ruiz & Pav. = Bomarea formosissima (Ruiz & Pav.) Herb.

Reference: FP 1190: 654. 


$


 Alstroemeria grandifolia Kunth


Alstroemeria grandifolia Kunth = Bomarea latifolia (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Herbert

Reference: FP 1190: 660. 


$


 Alstroemeria latifolia Ruiz & Pav.


Alstroemeria latifolia Ruiz & Pav. = Bomarea latifolia (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Herbert

Reference: FP 1190: 660. 


$


 Alstroemeria ligtu L.



Alstroemeria ligtu L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 663. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II, Coastal: cloud forests, lomas. 500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Cano 1688 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Lima.


$


 Alstroemeria lineatiflora Ruiz & Pav.



Alstroemeria lineatiflora Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 663. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   According to the Flora of Peru this taxon is based on cultivated material included under A. chorillensis Herbert. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA)


$


 Alstroemeria macrocarpa Ruiz & Pav.


Alstroemeria macrocarpa Ruiz & Pav. = Bomarea ovata (Cav.) Mirbel

Reference: FP 1190: 658. 


$


 Alstroemeria ovata Cav.


Alstroemeria ovata Cav. = Bomarea ovata (Cav.) Mirbel

Reference: FP 1190: 658. 


$


 Alstroemeria pavoniana Beauverd


Alstroemeria pavoniana Beauverd = Bomarea involucrosa (Herbert) Baker

Reference: FP 1190: 640. 


$


 Alstroemeria pelegrina L.



Alstroemeria pelegrina L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 664. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: grasslands, rocky slopes, shrublands. 0-3500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 5350 (F!), Ferreyra 18625 (USM!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lima.


$


 Alstroemeria purpurea Ruiz & Pav.


Alstroemeria purpurea Ruiz & Pav. = Bomarea purpurea (Ruiz & Pav.) Herb.

Reference: FP 1190: 651. 


$


 Alstroemeria pygmaea Herbert



Alstroemeria pygmaea Herbert

Synonyms: Alstroemeria pygmaea (Herbert) Spegazzini
Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 664. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: disturbed areas, grasslands, rocky slopes, shrublands. 3500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Smith 5681 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Pasco, Puno.


$


 Alstroemeria recumbens Herbert



Alstroemeria recumbens Herbert

Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 664. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb. Amazonian, Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Cuming 384* , Macbride & Featherstone 2571 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Lima.


$


 Alstroemeria rosea Ruiz & Pav.


Alstroemeria rosea Ruiz & Pav. = Bomarea rosea (Ruiz & Pav.) Herbert

Reference: FP 1190: 648. 


$


 Alstroemeria secundifolia Ruiz & Pav.


Alstroemeria secundifolia Ruiz & Pav. = Bomarea secundifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Baker

Reference: FP 1190: 645. 


$


 Alstroemeria setacea Ruiz & Pav.


Alstroemeria setacea Ruiz & Pav. = Bomarea setacea (Ruiz & Pav.) Herb.

Reference: FP 1190: 651. 


$


 Alstroemeria tomentosa Ruiz & Pav.


Alstroemeria tomentosa Ruiz & Pav. = Bomarea ovata (Cav.) Mirbel

Reference: FP 1190: 658. 


$


 Alstroemeria torta Kunth


Alstroemeria torta Kunth = Bomarea torta (Kunth) Herb.

Reference: FP 1190: 647. 


$


 Alstroemeria uniflora Mathews ex Herbert pro syn.


Alstroemeria uniflora Mathews ex Herbert pro syn. = Bomarea uniflora (M. Roem.) Killip

Reference: FP 1190: 643. 


$


 Alstroemeria violacea Philippi



Alstroemeria violacea Philippi

Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 665. 
Ecology: Native herb. Coastal: lomas, rocky slopes. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 6370 (MOL!)
Departments: Arequipa, Jun&iacute;n, Moquegua.


$


 Altamiranoa berillonana (Hamet) Berger


Altamiranoa berillonana (Hamet) Berger = Villadia berillonana (Hamet) Baehni & J. F. Macbride

Reference: FP 626: 1010. 


$


 Altamiranoa decipiens (Baker) Fr&ouml;d.


Altamiranoa decipiens (Baker) Fr&ouml;d. = Villadia decipiens (Baker) Jacobsen

Reference: Jacobsen, H. & G. D. Rowley, 1958: 76. 


$


 Altamiranoa dyvrandae (Hamet) Berger


Altamiranoa dyvrandae (Hamet) Berger = Villadia dyvrandae (Hamet) Baehni & J. F. Macbride

Reference: FP 626: 1011. 


$


 Altamiranoa grandyi (Hamet) Berger


Altamiranoa grandyi (Hamet) Berger = Villadia grandyi (Hamet) Baehni & J. F. Macbride

Reference: FP 626: 1011. 


$


 Altamiranoa imbricata (Diels) Berger


Altamiranoa imbricata (Diels) Berger = Villadia reniformis (Diels) Jacobsen

Reference: FP 626: 1012. 


$


 Altamiranoa incarum (Ball) Berger


Altamiranoa incarum (Ball) Berger = Villadia incarum (Ball) Baehni & J. F. Macbride

Reference: FP 626: 1012. 


$


 Altamiranoa stricta (Diels) Berger


Altamiranoa stricta (Diels) Berger = Villadia dielsii Baehni & J. F. Macbride

Reference: FP 626: 1011. 


$


 Altamiranoa virgata (Diels) Berger


Altamiranoa virgata (Diels) Berger = Villadia virgata (Diels) Baehni & J. F. Macbride

Reference: FP 626: 1012. 


$


 Altamiranoa weberbaueri (Diels) Berger


Altamiranoa weberbaueri (Diels) Berger = Villadia weberbaueri (Diels) Baehni & J. F. Macbride

Reference: FP 626: 1013. 


$


 Altensteinia boliviensis Rolfe



Altensteinia boliviensis Rolfe

Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 96; Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 6. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. . 
Voucher: Bennett 3609 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Altensteinia calceata Rchb. f.


Altensteinia calceata Rchb. f. = Aa calceata (Rchb. f.) Schltr.

Reference: FP 1438: 94; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Altensteinia chiogena (Schlechter) C. Schweinf.


Altensteinia chiogena (Schlechter) C. Schweinf. = Myrosmodes chiogena (Schltr.)

Reference: FP 1438: 94; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Altensteinia elliptica C. Schweinf.



Altensteinia elliptica C. Schweinf.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 94; Franquemont, C., T. Plowman, E. Franquemont, S. R. King, C. Niezgoda, W. Davis & C. R. Sperling, 1990: 87; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx. 
Ecology: Endemic epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Andean III: rocky slopes. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 5771* (AMES)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cuzco.


$


 Altensteinia erosa Rchb. f.


Altensteinia erosa Rchb. f. = Aa erosa (Rchb. f.) Schltr.

Reference: FP 1438: 96; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Altensteinia fimbriata Kunth



Altensteinia fimbriata Kunth

Synonyms: Altensteinia fimbriata Rchb. f.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 96; Garay, L. A., 1978: 157; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Fosberg 28003 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Altensteinia inaequalis Rchb. f.


Altensteinia inaequalis Rchb. f. = Aa inaequalis (Rchb. f.) Schltr.

Reference: FP 1438: 97; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Altensteinia longispicata C. Schweinf.



Altensteinia longispicata C. Schweinf.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 97; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Altensteinia mandonii Rchb. f.


Altensteinia mandonii Rchb. f. = Aa mandonii (Rchb. f.) Schltr.

Reference: FP 1438: 98; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Altensteinia marginata Rchb. f.



Altensteinia marginata Rchb. f.

Synonyms: Altensteinia marginata (Kraenzlin) Schltr., Altensteinia marginata Kraenzl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 98; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Altensteinia mathewsii Rchb. f.


Altensteinia mathewsii Rchb. f. = Aa mathewsii (Rchb. f.) Schltr.

Reference: FP 1438: 100; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Altensteinia nubigena (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f.


Altensteinia nubigena (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f. = Myrosmodes nubigenum Rchb. f.

Reference: FP 1438: 101; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Altensteinia paleacea (Kunth) Kunth


Altensteinia paleacea (Kunth) Kunth = ?  

Reference: FP 1438: 101; Garay, L. A., 1978: 166. 


$


 Altensteinia paludosa Kraenzlin ex Weberbauer, nom. illeg. pro syn.


Altensteinia paludosa Kraenzlin ex Weberbauer, nom. illeg. pro syn. = Aa weberbaueri (Rchb. f.) Schltr.

Reference: FP 1438: 103; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Altensteinia paludosa Rchb. f.


Altensteinia paludosa Rchb. f. = Myrosmodes paludosum (Rchb. f.) Garay

Reference: FP 1438: 102; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Altensteinia pilifera Kunth


Altensteinia pilifera Kunth = Porphyrostachys pilifera (Kunth) Rchb. f.

Reference: FP 1438: 91; Garay, L. A., 1978: 173; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Altensteinia pterostyloides (Kraenzlin) Schltr.


Altensteinia pterostyloides (Kraenzlin) Schltr. = Altensteinia marginata Rchb. f.

Reference: FP 1438: 98; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Altensteinia rosei (Ames) L.O. Williams


Altensteinia rosei (Ames) L.O. Williams = Aa rosei Ames

Reference: FP 1438: 103; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Altensteinia sceptrum Rchb. f.


Altensteinia sceptrum Rchb. f. = Altensteinia fimbriata Kunth

Reference: FP 1438: 96; Garay, L. A., 1978: 157; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Altensteinia weberbaueri (Schlechter) C. Schweinf.


Altensteinia weberbaueri (Schlechter) C. Schweinf. = Aa weberbaueri (Rchb. f.) Schltr.

Reference: FP 1438: 103; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Altensteinia weddelliana Rchb. f.


Altensteinia weddelliana Rchb. f. = Aa weddelliana (Rchb. f.) Schltr.

Reference: FP 1438: 104; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Alternanthera achyrantha (L.) R. Br.


Alternanthera achyrantha (L.) R. Br. = Alternanthera pungens Kunth

Reference: FP 1255: 508; Mears, J., 1977: 9. 


$


 Alternanthera achyrantha var. leiantha Seubert


Alternanthera achyrantha var. leiantha Seubert = Alternanthera pungens Kunth

Reference: FP 1255: 508; Mears, J., 1977: 9. 


$


 Alternanthera achyrantha var. parvifolia Moquin


Alternanthera achyrantha var. parvifolia Moquin = Alternanthera caracasana Kunth

Reference: FP 1255: 508; Mears, J., 1977: 10. 


$


 Alternanthera albosquarrosa Suessenguth



Alternanthera albosquarrosa Suessenguth

Reference: Flora Peru: 2169: 1132; Eliasson, U., 1987: 100. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean I-II, Coastal: lomas. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 5759* (GH photo M!), Hutchinson 1039 (M!)
Departments: Arequipa, Ica, Lima.


$


 Alternanthera albotomentosa Suess.



Alternanthera albotomentosa Suess.

$


 Alternanthera albotomentosa var.albotomentosa



Alternanthera albotomentosa var. albotomentosa 

Reference: Flora Peru: 2169: 1132; Eliasson, U., 1987: 68. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: rocky slopes. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 14456* (S), Gentry et al. 23261 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Ayacucho, Lima.


$


 Alternanthera arequipensis Suessenguth



Alternanthera arequipensis Suessenguth

Reference: Flora Peru: 2169: 1132. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Pennell 13131* (F)
Departments: Arequipa.


$


 Alternanthera asterophora Standl.


Alternanthera asterophora Standl. = Alternanthera flavida Suessenguth

Reference: FP 1255: 499. 


$


 Alternanthera bettzickiana (Regel) Standl.



Alternanthera bettzickiana (Regel) Standl.

Synonyms: Alternanthera bettzickiana (Passarge) C. Koch, Alternanthera bettzickiana Lemaire, Alternanthera bettzickiana Passarge, Alternanthera bettzickiana Regel
Reference: Flora Peru: 1255: 494; Mears, J., 1977: 16; Eliasson, U., 1987: 79. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, grasslands. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 8205 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Lima, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Alternanthera brasiliana (L.) Kuntze



Alternanthera brasiliana (L.) Kuntze

$


 Alternanthera brasiliana var.brasiliana



Alternanthera brasiliana var. brasiliana 

Synonyms: Alternanthera brasiliana brasiliana (Jacq.) Mart., Alternanthera brasiliana brasiliana (L.) Lam., Alternanthera brasiliana brasiliana (L.) Moquin, Alternanthera brasiliana brasiliana (Moench) Moquin, Alternanthera brasiliana brasiliana (Moench) Scheygrond, Alternanthera brasiliana brasiliana (Schrader) Standl., Alternanthera brasiliana brasiliana Jacq., Alternanthera brasiliana brasiliana L., Alternanthera brasiliana brasiliana Mart., Alternanthera brasiliana brasiliana Moench, Alternanthera brasiliana brasiliana Pavon ex Moquin, Alternanthera brasiliana brasiliana Schrader, Alternanthera brasiliana var. brasiliana Kuntze
Reference: Flora Peru: 1255: 495; Mears, J., 1977: 11. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Williams 3916 (F!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Piura, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes.


$


 Alternanthera brasiliana var. jacquinii Kuntze


Alternanthera brasiliana var. jacquinii Kuntze = Alternanthera brasiliana var. brasiliana 

Reference: FP 1255: 496. 


$


 Alternanthera brasiliana var.villosa (Moquin) Kuntze



Alternanthera brasiliana var. villosa (Moquin) Kuntze

Synonyms: Alternanthera brasiliana villosa (Mart.) Moquin, Alternanthera brasiliana villosa Mart., Alternanthera brasiliana var. villosa Moquin
Reference: Mears, J., 1977: 13; Eliasson, U., 1987: 13. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7696 (MO!)
Departments: Lambayeque, Tumbes.


$


 Alternanthera calcicola Standl.



Alternanthera calcicola Standl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1255: 496. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 944* (F!), Macbride 3110 (F!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Alternanthera caracasana Kunth



Alternanthera caracasana Kunth

Synonyms: Alternanthera caracasana (Kunth) Moquin, Alternanthera caracasana (Moquin) Fawc. & Rendle, Alternanthera caracasana Kunth ex Roem. & Schult., Alternanthera caracasana Moquin
Reference: Flora Peru: 1255: 508; Eliasson, U., 1987: 66; Mears, J., 1977: 10. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II, Coastal: lomas, grasslands. 500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui 9718 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Cajamarca.


$


 Alternanthera dentata (Moench) Stuchlik ex R. E. Fries


Alternanthera dentata (Moench) Stuchlik ex R. E. Fries = ?  

Reference: FP 1255: 496. 


$


 Alternanthera dentata (Moench) Scheygrond


Alternanthera dentata (Moench) Scheygrond = Alternanthera brasiliana var. brasiliana 

Reference: Mears, J., 1977: 11. 


$


 Alternanthera dominii Schinz



Alternanthera dominii Schinz

Synonyms: Alternanthera dominii Moquin, Alternanthera dominii Suessenguth
Reference: Flora Peru: 1255: 497. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: grasslands. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui 6356 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lima.


$


 Alternanthera echinata Smith


Alternanthera echinata Smith = Alternanthera pungens Kunth

Reference: FP 1255: 507; Mears, J., 1977: 9. 


$


 Alternanthera elongata (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Schinz



Alternanthera elongata (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Schinz

Synonyms: Alternanthera elongata


$


 Alternanthera elongata var.elongata



Alternanthera elongata var. elongata 

Synonyms: Alternanthera elongata elongata (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Mart., Alternanthera elongata elongata (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Moquin, Alternanthera elongata elongata Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1255: 497. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   Taxonomic status uncertain. 
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Alternanthera elongata var. nigriceps (Hooker) Suessenguth


Alternanthera elongata var. nigriceps (Hooker) Suessenguth = Alternanthera porrigens (Jacq.) Kuntze var. porrigens 

Reference: FP 1255: 498. 


$


 Alternanthera fasciculata Suess.


Alternanthera fasciculata Suess. = Alternanthera mexicana (Schltdl.) Hieron.

Reference: FP 2169: 1132. 


$


 Alternanthera fastigiata Suessenguth


Alternanthera fastigiata Suessenguth = Alternanthera porrigens (Jacq.) Kuntze var. porrigens 

Reference: FP 2169: 1133. 


$


 Alternanthera ficoidea (L.) R. Br.


Alternanthera ficoidea (L.) R. Br. = Alternanthera paronychioides St. Hilaire

Reference: FP 1255: 498; Eliasson, U., 1987: 75; Mears, J., 1977: 7. 


$


 Alternanthera ficoidea var. halimifolia Kuntze


Alternanthera ficoidea var. halimifolia Kuntze = Alternanthera halimifolia (Lam.) Standl. ex Pittier

Reference: FP 1255: 499. 


$


 Alternanthera flavescens Kunth



Alternanthera flavescens Kunth

Synonyms: Alternanthera flavescens Bertero, Alternanthera flavescens Moquin
Reference: Pedersen, T. M., 1976: 270; Eliasson, U., 1987: 105. 
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Andean I: cloud forests, disturbed areas, rocky slopes, shrublands. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & Galiano 44139 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Alternanthera flavida Suessenguth



Alternanthera flavida Suessenguth

Synonyms: Alternanthera flavida Standl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1255: 499. 
Ecology. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6464* (B)
Departments: Huancavelica.


$


 Alternanthera gomphrenoides Kunth


Alternanthera gomphrenoides Kunth = Alternanthera porrigens (Jacq.) Kuntze var. porrigens 

Reference: FP 1255: 506; Eliasson, U., 1987: 84. 


$


 Alternanthera halimifolia (Lam.) Standl. ex Pittier



Alternanthera halimifolia (Lam.) Standl. ex Pittier

Synonyms: Alternanthera halimifolia (Lam.) A. Stewart, Alternanthera halimifolia Dum., Alternanthera halimifolia Kuntze, Alternanthera halimifolia L'Heritier, Alternanthera halimifolia Lam., Alternanthera halimifolia Moquin, Alternanthera halimifolia Moquin, Alternanthera halimifolia Moquin, Alternanthera halimifolia Moquin, Alternanthera halimifolia Scop., Alternanthera halimifolia Suessenguth, Alternanthera halimifolia Van Spand. ex Moquin
Reference: Flora Peru: 1255: 499; Eliasson, U., 1987: 73. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, lomas, riversides, rocky slopes. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Croat 58373 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lima, La Libertad, Piura.


$


 Alternanthera iresinoides Kunth


Alternanthera iresinoides Kunth = Pfaffia iresinoides (Kunth) Spreng.

Reference: Eliasson, U., 1987: 55. 


$


 Alternanthera lanceolata (Benth.) Schinz


Alternanthera lanceolata (Benth.) Schinz = Alternanthera mexicana (Schltdl.) Hieron.

Reference: FP 1255: 500; Eliasson, U., 1987: 91. 


$


 Alternanthera lehmannii Hieron.


Alternanthera lehmannii Hieron. = Alternanthera mexicana (Schltdl.) Hieron.

Reference: FP 1255: 501; Eliasson, U., 1987: 91. 


$


 Alternanthera lupulina Kunth



Alternanthera lupulina Kunth

Synonyms: Alternanthera lupulina (Kunth) Mart., Alternanthera lupulina (Kunth) Sprengel, Alternanthera lupulina (Kunth) Willdenow ex Moquin, Alternanthera lupulina Moquin, Alternanthera lupulina Pavon ex Moquin
Reference: Flora Peru: 1255: 501. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 3000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland s.n.* (P-H&B), Hutchison & Wright 5904 (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Pasco, Puno.


$


 Alternanthera macbridei Standl.



Alternanthera macbridei Standl.

Synonyms: Alternanthera macbridei (Kunth) Moquin, Alternanthera macbridei Moquin
Reference: Flora Peru: 1255: 502. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands, riversides, rocky slopes, shrublands. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 967* (F), Weberbauer 2444 (MOL!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Puno.


$


 Alternanthera mexicana (Schltdl.) Hieron.



Alternanthera mexicana (Schltdl.) Hieron.

Synonyms: Alternanthera mexicana (Benth.) Moquin, Alternanthera mexicana (Benth.) Schinz, Alternanthera mexicana (Hieron.) Standl., Alternanthera mexicana (Moquin) Schinz, Alternanthera mexicana Benth., Alternanthera mexicana Hieron., Alternanthera mexicana Moquin, Alternanthera mexicana Moquin, Alternanthera mexicana Rusby, Alternanthera mexicana Schltdl., Alternanthera mexicana Suess., Alternanthera mexicana Suessenguth
Reference: Flora Peru: 1255: 503; Eliasson, U., 1987: 91. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-III: disturbed areas, forests, riversides. 500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Peyton 1367 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Alternanthera mexicana var. gracilis Suessenguth


Alternanthera mexicana var. gracilis Suessenguth = Alternanthera mexicana (Schltdl.) Hieron.

Reference: FP 1255: 500. 


$


 Alternanthera microcephala (Moquin) Schinz


Alternanthera microcephala (Moquin) Schinz = Alternanthera mexicana (Schltdl.) Hieron.

Reference: FP 1255: 503; Eliasson, U., 1987: 91. 


$


 Alternanthera mollendoana Suessenguth


Alternanthera mollendoana Suessenguth = Alternanthera pubiflora (Benth.) Kuntze

Reference: FP 2169: 1134. 


$


 Alternanthera nigriceps Hooker


Alternanthera nigriceps Hooker = Alternanthera porrigens (Jacq.) Kuntze var. porrigens 

Reference: FP 1255: 498. 


$


 Alternanthera nigripes (Hooker) Steud.


Alternanthera nigripes (Hooker) Steud. = Alternanthera porrigens (Jacq.) Kuntze var. porrigens 

Reference: FP 1255: 498. 


$


 Alternanthera paniculata Kunth


Alternanthera paniculata Kunth = Alternanthera porrigens (Jacq.) Kuntze var. porrigens 

Reference: FP 1255: 503. 


$


 Alternanthera paronychioides St. Hilaire



Alternanthera paronychioides St. Hilaire

Synonyms: Alternanthera paronychioides (L.) Lam., Alternanthera paronychioides (L.) Mart., Alternanthera paronychioides (L.) R. Br., Alternanthera paronychioides (Lam.) Moquin, Alternanthera paronychioides L.
Reference: Eliasson, U., 1987: 76; Mears, J., 1977: 6. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Coastal: grasslands. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry 16499 (MO!)
Departments: Lima, Loreto, Piura.


$


 Alternanthera parvifolia (Moquin) Fawc. & Rendle


Alternanthera parvifolia (Moquin) Fawc. & Rendle = Alternanthera caracasana Kunth

Reference: FP 1255: 508. 


$


 Alternanthera peruviana (Moquin) Suess.



Alternanthera peruviana (Moquin) Suess.

Synonyms: Alternanthera peruviana Moquin, Alternanthera peruviana Suessenguth
Reference: Flora Peru: 1255: 504; Eliasson, U., 1987: 73. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Coastal: desert. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Cuming 971* (P), Gentry 22520 (MO!)
Departments: La Libertad, Piura, Tumbes.


$


 Alternanthera peruviana fo. globifera Suessenguth


Alternanthera peruviana fo. globifera Suessenguth = Alternanthera peruviana (Moquin) Suess.

Reference: FP 1255: 504. 


$


 Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb.



Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb.

Synonyms: Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Moquin, Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Standl., Alternanthera philoxeroides Mart.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1255: 505; Mears, J., 1977: 14. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 29403 (F!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto.


$


 Alternanthera piurensis Standl.


Alternanthera piurensis Standl. = Alternanthera porrigens var. piurensis (Standl.) Eliasson

Reference: FP 1255: 505; Eliasson, U., 1987: 87. 


$


 Alternanthera polygonoides var. elongata Suessenguth


Alternanthera polygonoides var. elongata Suessenguth = Alternanthera halimifolia (Lam.) Standl. ex Pittier

Reference: FP 2169: 1134. 


$


 Alternanthera porrigens (Jacq.) Kuntze



Alternanthera porrigens (Jacq.) Kuntze

$


 Alternanthera porrigens (Jacq.) Kuntze var.porrigens



Alternanthera porrigens (Jacq.) Kuntze var. porrigens 

Synonyms: Alternanthera porrigens porrigens (Hooker) Steud., Alternanthera porrigens porrigens (Jacq.) Mart., Alternanthera porrigens porrigens (Jacq.) Moquin, Alternanthera porrigens porrigens (Kunth) Moquin, Alternanthera porrigens porrigens (Kunth) Sprengel, Alternanthera porrigens porrigens Danguy & Chermezon, Alternanthera porrigens porrigens Hooker, Alternanthera porrigens porrigens Jacq., Alternanthera porrigens porrigens Kunth, Alternanthera porrigens porrigens Kunth, Alternanthera porrigens porrigens Kunth, Alternanthera porrigens porrigens Moquin, Alternanthera porrigens porrigens Moquin, Alternanthera porrigens porrigens Moquin, Alternanthera porrigens porrigens Pavon ex Moquin, Alternanthera porrigens porrigens Pavon ex Moquin, Alternanthera porrigens porrigens Regel & Koernicke, Alternanthera porrigens porrigens Rusby, Alternanthera porrigens porrigens Rusby, Alternanthera porrigens porrigens Sprengel, Alternanthera porrigens porrigens Sprengel, Alternanthera porrigens porrigens Standl., Alternanthera porrigens porrigens Suessenguth, Alternanthera porrigens porrigens Willd. ex Roem. & Schult., Alternanthera porrigens porrigens Zucc., Alternanthera porrigens var. porrigens (Hooker) Moquin, Alternanthera porrigens var. porrigens (Hooker) Suessenguth, Alternanthera porrigens var. porrigens Moquin
Reference: Flora Peru: 1255: 505; Eliasson, U., 1987: 84. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas, grasslands, lomas, rocky slopes, shrublands. 0-3500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry 19253 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Piura.


$


 Alternanthera porrigens var.piurensis (Standl.) Eliasson



Alternanthera porrigens var. piurensis (Standl.) Eliasson

Synonyms: Alternanthera porrigens piurensis Standl.
Reference: Eliasson, U., 1987: 87. 
Ecology. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6358* (M!), L&oacute;pez et al. 9013 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Piura.


$


 Alternanthera pubiflora (Benth.) Kuntze



Alternanthera pubiflora (Benth.) Kuntze

Synonyms: Alternanthera pubiflora (Benth.) Moquin, Alternanthera pubiflora (Standl.) Standl., Alternanthera pubiflora Benth., Alternanthera pubiflora Moquin, Alternanthera pubiflora Moquin, Alternanthera pubiflora Standl., Alternanthera pubiflora Suessenguth
Reference: Flora Peru: 1255: 506. 
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, lomas, riversides, rocky slopes, shrublands. 0-3500 m. 
Voucher: Metcalf 30338 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, Lima, Loreto, Piura, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes.


$


 Alternanthera pulverulenta (Mart.) Moquin


Alternanthera pulverulenta (Mart.) Moquin = Pfaffia densipellita Borsch

Reference: FP 1255: 507. 


$


 Alternanthera pungens Kunth



Alternanthera pungens Kunth

Synonyms: Alternanthera pungens (Kunth) Moquin, Alternanthera pungens (L.) Kuntze, Alternanthera pungens (L.) R. Br., Alternanthera pungens L., Alternanthera pungens L., Alternanthera pungens Seubert, Alternanthera pungens Smith, Alternanthera pungens Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1255: 507; Mears, J., 1977: 8. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui 7678 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Alternanthera raimondii Suessenguth


Alternanthera raimondii Suessenguth = Alternanthera dominii Schinz

Reference: FP 2169: 1134. 


$


 Alternanthera repens (L.) Kuntze


Alternanthera repens (L.) Kuntze = Alternanthera pungens Kunth

Reference: FP 1255: 508; Eliasson, U., 1987: 64. 


$


 Alternanthera sericea Kunth


Alternanthera sericea Kunth = Alternanthera porrigens (Jacq.) Kuntze var. porrigens 

Reference: FP 1255: 506; Eliasson, U., 1987: 84. 


$


 Alternanthera sessilis (L.) DC.



Alternanthera sessilis (L.) DC.

Synonyms: Alternanthera sessilis L.
Reference: Eliasson, U., 1987: 75. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas, shrublands. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry 19773 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Alternanthera spathulata Lemaire


Alternanthera spathulata Lemaire = Alternanthera bettzickiana (Regel) Standl.

Reference: FP 1255: 494; Mears, J., 1977: 16. 


$


 Alternanthera tomentosa (Moquin) Schinz


Alternanthera tomentosa (Moquin) Schinz = Alternanthera villosa Kunth

Reference: FP 1255: 509. 


$


 Alternanthera truxillensis Kunth



Alternanthera truxillensis Kunth

Synonyms: Alternanthera truxillensis (Kunth) Moquin, Alternanthera truxillensis (Walpers) Moquin
Reference: Flora Peru: 1255: 499; Mears, J., 1977: 20; Eliasson, U., 1987: 20. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: riversides. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 5698 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Alternanthera tubulosa Suessenguth



Alternanthera tubulosa Suessenguth

Reference: Flora Peru: 2169: 1135. 
Ecology. 1500-2000 m. 
Note: A doubtful species.  
Voucher: Raimondi 12569* 
Departments: Huancavelica, Lima.


$


 Alternanthera villosa Kunth



Alternanthera villosa Kunth

Synonyms: Alternanthera villosa (Kunth) Moquin, Alternanthera villosa (Kunth) Willd., Alternanthera villosa (Moquin) Schinz, Alternanthera villosa Moquin
Reference: Flora Peru: 1255: 509. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, rocky slopes, shrublands. 1000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland s.n.* (B photo F!), Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 10618 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad, Piura, Tumbes.


$


 Alternanthera williamsii (Standl.) Standl.


Alternanthera williamsii (Standl.) Standl. = Alternanthera pubiflora (Benth.) Kuntze

$


 Althaea rosea (L.) Cav.


Althaea rosea (L.) Cav. = Alcea rosea L.

Reference: Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 22. 
Note: Krapovickas (pers. comm.) recognizes the Althaea combination.  


$


 Alyssum maritimum (L.) Lam.


Alyssum maritimum (L.) Lam. = Lobularia maritima (L.) Desv.

Reference: FP 614: 967. 


$


 Alzatea verticillata Ruiz & Pav.



Alzatea verticillata Ruiz & Pav.

$


 Alzatea verticillata subsp.verticillata



Alzatea verticillata subsp. verticillata 

Reference: Flora Peru: 1299: 393; Lourteig, A., 1965: 376; Graham, S. A., 1984: 776. 
Ecology: Native tree. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 1000-2500 m. 
Note: Treated under the Rhamnaceae in the Flora of Peru and under the Lythraceae by Lourteig (1965); currently placed in its own family by Graham (1984). 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA photo F!), Smith 1811 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Amaioua corymbosa Kunth



Amaioua corymbosa Kunth

Synonyms: Amaioua corymbosa Desfontaines
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 110; Steyermark, J. A., 1965: 212. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree, treelet. . 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   Amaioua peruviana was based upon a specimen believed to be from Peru.  Foster (pers. comm.) reports this taxon from Madre de Dios, but no Peruvian specimen seen. 


$


 Amaioua guianensis Aubl.



Amaioua guianensis Aubl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 111; Steyermark, J. A., 1965: 215. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, terra firme forests. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Plowman et al. 11342 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Amaioua hirsuta Poepp. & Endl.


Amaioua hirsuta Poepp. & Endl. = Duroia hirsuta (Poepp. & Endl.) Schum.

Reference: FP 1365: 108; Steyermark, J. A., 1965: 200. 


$


 Amaioua longifolia Poepp.


Amaioua longifolia Poepp. = Duroia longifolia (Poepp.) Schumann

Reference: FP 1365: 109; Steyermark, J. A., 1965: 211. 


$


 Amaioua peruviana Desfontaines


Amaioua peruviana Desfontaines = Amaioua corymbosa Kunth

Reference: FP 1365: 110; Steyermark, J. A., 1965: 212. 


$


 Amaioua saccifera C. Martius ex Roemer & Schultes


Amaioua saccifera C. Martius ex Roemer & Schultes = Duroia saccifera (C. Martius ex Roemer & Schultes) Hook. f. ex Schumann

Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 702. 


$


 Amaioua urophylla Standl.


Amaioua urophylla Standl. = Kotchubaea urophylla (Standl.) Steyerm.

Reference: FP 1365: 111; Steyermark, J. A., 1964: 218. 


$


 Amanoa divaricata Poepp.


Amanoa divaricata Poepp. = Richeria grandis var. grandis 

Reference: FP 674: 48. 


$


 Amanoa nanayensis W.J. Hayden



Amanoa nanayensis W.J. Hayden

Reference: Hayden, W. J., 1990: 265. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Rimachi 1911* (NY), Rimachi 3169 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Amanoa oblongifolia M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Amanoa oblongifolia M&uuml;ll. Arg.

$


 Amanoa sinuosa Hayden



Amanoa sinuosa Hayden

Reference: Hayden, W. J., 1990: 268. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Rimachi 3492 (DAV)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Amaranthus blitum L.



Amaranthus blitum L.

$


 Amaranthus blitum var.blitum



Amaranthus blitum var. blitum 

$


 Amaranthus caracasanus Kunth


Amaranthus caracasanus Kunth = Amaranthus spinosus L.

Reference: FP 1255: 487. 


$


 Amaranthus caudatus L.



Amaranthus caudatus L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1255: 484; Eliasson, U., 1987: 33. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb. Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-3500 m. 
Voucher: Sauer 1283 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Piura.


$


 Amaranthus celosioides Kunth



Amaranthus celosioides Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 1255: 484. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Amaranthus chlorostachys Willd.


Amaranthus chlorostachys Willd. = Amaranthus hybridus var. hybridus 

Reference: FP 1255: 486. 


$


 Amaranthus cruentus L.



Amaranthus cruentus L.

Synonyms: Amaranthus cruentus L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1255: 485; Eliasson, U., 1987: 32. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Llatas 2337 (F!)
Departments: Lambayeque, Loreto.


$


 Amaranthus deflexus L.



Amaranthus deflexus L.

Synonyms: Amaranthus deflexus Raf.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1255: 485. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Cook & Gilbert 43 (F!)
Departments: Arequipa, Pasco.


$


 Amaranthus dubius C. Mart. ex Thell.



Amaranthus dubius C. Mart. ex Thell.

Synonyms: Amaranthus dubius Willd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1255: 485; Eliasson, U., 1987: 24. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb. Amazonian, Andean I: riversides, grasslands. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: McDaniel 14034 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad, Loreto, Piura, Ucayali.


$


 Amaranthus gracilis Desf.


Amaranthus gracilis Desf. = Amaranthus viridis L.

Reference: FP 1255: 486; Eliasson, U., 1987: 23. 


$


 Amaranthus haughtii Standl.


Amaranthus haughtii Standl. = Amaranthus urceolatus Benth.

Reference: FP 1255: 486; Eliasson, U., 1987: 35. 


$


 Amaranthus hybridus L.



Amaranthus hybridus L.

$


 Amaranthus hybridus var.hybridus



Amaranthus hybridus var. hybridus 

Synonyms: Amaranthus hybridus hybridus L., Amaranthus hybridus hybridus Willd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1255: 486; Eliasson, U., 1987: 30. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, shrublands. 0-3500 m. 
Note:   
Voucher: Croat 58375 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lambayeque, Lima, Piura.


$


 Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.


Amaranthus hypochondriacus L. = Amaranthus hybridus var. hybridus 

Reference: FP 1255: 486. 


$


 Amaranthus lividus var.polygonoides (Zoll.) Thellung



Amaranthus lividus var. polygonoides (Zoll.) Thellung

Synonyms: Amaranthus lividus polygonoides Zoll.
Reference: Gutte, G, K. M&uuml;ller & C. M&uuml;ller, 1986: 191. 
Voucher: Gutte 1672 (LZ, USM)n
Departments: Lima.


$


 Amaranthus paniculatus L.


Amaranthus paniculatus L. = Amaranthus cruentus L.

Reference: FP 1255: 485. 


$


 Amaranthus peruvianus (Schauer) Standl.



Amaranthus peruvianus (Schauer) Standl.

Synonyms: Amaranthus peruvianus Schauer
Reference: Flora Peru: 1255: 487. 
Ecology. 3500-4000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Meyer s.n.* (B)
Departments: Puno.


$


 Amaranthus polygonoides Zoll.


Amaranthus polygonoides Zoll. = Amaranthus lividus var. polygonoides (Zoll.) Thellung

Reference: Ascherson, P. & P. Graebner, 1919: 320. 


$


 Amaranthus spinosus L.



Amaranthus spinosus L.

Synonyms: Amaranthus spinosus Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 1255: 487; Eliasson, U., 1987: 26. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, grasslands, riversides. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: D&iacute;az 1020 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Piura, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Amaranthus tristis Willd.


Amaranthus tristis Willd. = Amaranthus dubius C. Mart. ex Thell.

Reference: FP 1255: 485. 


$


 Amaranthus urceolatus Benth.



Amaranthus urceolatus Benth.

Synonyms: Amaranthus urceolatus Standl.
Reference: Eliasson, U., 1987: 35. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Goodspeed 33030 (MO!)
Departments: Lima, Piura.


$


 Amaranthus viridis L.



Amaranthus viridis L.

Synonyms: Amaranthus viridis Desf., Amaranthus viridis Jacq., Amaranthus viridis Moquin
Reference: Eliasson, U., 1987: 23. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Coastal: disturbed areas, grasslands. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Lewis 9886 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Ica, Lima, La Libertad, Loreto, Piura.


$


 Amaryllis amaru Vargas



Amaryllis amaru Vargas

Reference: Vargas C., C., 1960: 6. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   This species probably belongs in the genus Hippeastrum, but neither the species nor its type specimen is mentioned in Vargas, 1984 (Meerow, pers. comm.). 


$


 Amaryllis argentina (Pax) Ravenna


Amaryllis argentina (Pax) Ravenna = Hippeastrum argentinum (Pax) Hunziker

Reference: Vargas C., C., 1984: 118; Gereau, pers. comm. 


$


 Amaryllis arvensis F. G. Dietrich


Amaryllis arvensis F. G. Dietrich = ?  

Reference: Traub, H. P. & H. N. Moldenke, , 1949: 150. 


$



$


 Amaryllis atamasco Blanco


Amaryllis atamasco Blanco = Hippeastrum miniatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Herbert

Reference: Vargas C., C., 1984: 122. 


$


 Amaryllis aurea Ruiz & Pav.


Amaryllis aurea Ruiz & Pav. = Pyrolirion aureum (Ruiz & Pav.) Herbert

Reference: FP 1190: 668. 


$


 Amaryllis belladonna L.


Amaryllis belladonna L. = Hippeastrum puniceum (Lam.) Kuntze

Reference: Vargas C., C., 1984: 125; Meerow, A. W., 1990: 6. 


$


 Amaryllis bukasovii Vargas


Amaryllis bukasovii Vargas = Hippeastrum bukasovii (Vargas) Gereau & Brako

Reference: Vargas C., C., 1984: 127; Gereau, R. E., A. W. Meerow, & L. Brako, 1993: 28. 


$


 Amaryllis candida (Stapf) Traub & Uphof


Amaryllis candida (Stapf) Traub & Uphof = Hippeastrum argentinum (Pax) Hunziker

Reference: Vargas C., C., 1984: 118. 


$


 Amaryllis condemaita Vargas & Perez



Amaryllis condemaita Vargas & Perez

Reference: Vargas C., C., 1984: 118. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: grasslands. 3000-3500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: P&eacute;ez 23474* (CUZ)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Amaryllis cuzcoensis Vargas


Amaryllis cuzcoensis Vargas = ?  

Reference: Vargas C., C., 1984: 132; Gereau, R. E., A. W. Meerow, & L. Brako, 1993: 28. 


$


 Amaryllis equestris Aiton


Amaryllis equestris Aiton = Hippeastrum puniceum (Lam.) Kuntze

Reference: FP 1190: 685; Meerow, A. W., 1990: 6. 


$


 Amaryllis ferreyrae Traub


Amaryllis ferreyrae Traub = Hippeastrum ferreyrae (Traub) Gereau & Brako

Reference: Traub, H. P., 1950: 62; Vargas C., C., 1984: 125; Gereau, R. E., A. W. Meerow, & L. Brako, 1993: 28. 


$


 Amaryllis flammea Ruiz & Pav.


Amaryllis flammea Ruiz & Pav. = Zephyranthes tubiflora var. flammea (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 1190: 668. 


$


 Amaryllis forgetii (Worsley) Traub & Uphof


Amaryllis forgetii (Worsley) Traub & Uphof = Hippeastrum forgetii Worsley

Reference: Vargas C., C., 1984: 128; Gereau, pers. comm. 


$


 Amaryllis fusca (Kraenzl.) Traub & Uphof


Amaryllis fusca (Kraenzl.) Traub & Uphof = Hippeastrum fuscum Kraenzl.

Reference: Vargas C., C., 1984: 129; Gereau, pers. comm. 


$


 Amaryllis hugoi Vargas


Amaryllis hugoi Vargas = Hippeastrum hugoi (Vargas) Gereau & Brako

Reference: Vargas C., C., 1984: 126; Gereau, R. E., A. W. Meerow, & L. Brako, 1993: 28. 


$


 Amaryllis immaculata Traub & Moldenke


Amaryllis immaculata Traub & Moldenke = Hippeastrum argentinum (Pax) Hunziker

Reference: Vargas C., C., 1984: 118. 


$


 Amaryllis intiflora Vargas


Amaryllis intiflora Vargas = Hippeastrum intiflorum (Vargas) Gereau & Brako

Reference: Vargas C., C., 1984: 128; Gereau, R. E., A. W. Meerow, & L. Brako, 1993: 28. 


$


 Amaryllis jagus Thompson


Amaryllis jagus Thompson = Crinum jagus (Thompson) Dandy

$


 Amaryllis leonardii Vargas


Amaryllis leonardii Vargas = Hippeastrum leonardii (Vargas) Gereau & Brako

Reference: Vargas C., C., 1984: 131; Gereau, R. E., A. W. Meerow, & L. Brako, 1993: 29. 


$


 Amaryllis leopoldii T. Moore


Amaryllis leopoldii T. Moore = Hippeastrum leopoldii (T. Moore) Dombrain

Reference: FP 1190: 684; Vargas C., C., 1984: 130; Gereau, pers. comm. 


$


 Amaryllis macbridei Vargas


Amaryllis macbridei Vargas = Hippeastrum macbridei (Vargas) Gereau & Brako

Reference: Vargas C., C., 1984: 130; Gereau, R. E., A. W. Meerow, & L. Brako, 1993: 29. 


$


 Amaryllis machupijchensis Vargas


Amaryllis machupijchensis Vargas = Hippeastrum machupijchense (Vargas) D. Hunt

$


 Amaryllis miniata Ruiz & Pav.


Amaryllis miniata Ruiz & Pav. = Hippeastrum miniatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Herbert

Reference: FP 1190: 685; Vargas C., C., 1984: 122; Gereau, pers. comm. 


$


 Amaryllis oconequensis Traub


Amaryllis oconequensis Traub = Hippeastrum oconequense (Traub) H. Moore

Reference: Vargas C., C., 1984: 129; Gereau, pers. comm. 


$


 Amaryllis pardina Hook. f.


Amaryllis pardina Hook. f. = Hippeastrum pardinum (Hooker f.) Dombrain

Reference: FP 1190: 685. 


$


 Amaryllis peruviana Ker Gawler


Amaryllis peruviana Ker Gawler = Zephyranthes tubiflora var. tubiflora 

Reference: FP 1190: 668. 


$


 Amaryllis punicea Lam.


Amaryllis punicea Lam. = Hippeastrum puniceum (Lam.) Kuntze

Reference: FP 1190: 685; Vargas C., C., 1984: 125; Meerow, A. W., 1990: 6. 


$


 Amaryllis reginae L.


Amaryllis reginae L. = Hippeastrum reginae (L.) Herbert

Reference: FP 1190: 685; Vargas C., C., 1984: 123; Gereau, pers. comm. 


$


 Amaryllis spectabilis Loddiges


Amaryllis spectabilis Loddiges = Hippeastrum reginae (L.) Herbert

Reference: Vargas C., C., 1984: 123. 


$


 Amaryllis traubii fo.doraniana Moldenke



Amaryllis traubii fo. doraniana Moldenke

Reference: Moldenke, H. N., 1973: 29. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.     
Voucher: Doran s.n.* (TRA)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Amaryllis traubii fo.traubii



Amaryllis traubii fo. traubii 

Synonyms: Amaryllis traubii traubii (Moldenke) H. Moore
Reference: Vargas C., C., 1984: 126. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Traub 205 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Amaryllis traubii Moldenke



Amaryllis traubii Moldenke

$


 Amaryllis tubiflora L'Heritier


Amaryllis tubiflora L'Heritier = Zephyranthes tubiflora var. tubiflora 

Reference: FP 1190: 668. 


$


 Amaryllis variegata Vargas


Amaryllis variegata Vargas = Hippeastrum variegatum (Vargas) Gereau & Brako

Reference: Vargas C., C., 1984: 133; Gereau, R. E., A. W. Meerow, & L. Brako, 1993: 29. 


$


 Amaryllis vittata L'H&eacute;r.


Amaryllis vittata L'H&eacute;r. = Hippeastrum vittatum (L'H&eacute;r.) Herb.

Reference: FP 1190: 686. 


$


 Amaryllis vittata var. tweediana (Herbert) Traub


Amaryllis vittata var. tweediana (Herbert) Traub = Hippeastrum ambiguum var. tweedianum Herbert

Reference: Vargas C., C., 1984: 122; Gereau, pers. comm. 


$


 Amasonia lasiocaulos Mart. & Schauer ex Schauer in DC.



Amasonia lasiocaulos Mart. & Schauer ex Schauer in DC.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 689; L&oacute;pez-Palacios, S., 1977: 197. 
Ecology: Native treelet. . 
Voucher: Allard 20522 (US)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Amatlania pellucida (Oersted) Lundell


Amatlania pellucida (Oersted) Lundell = Ardisia pellucida Oerst.

Reference: Lundell, C. L., 1982: 40. 


$


 Ambelania duckei Markgr.



Ambelania duckei Markgr.

Reference: Zarucchi, J. L., 1987: 33. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Foster 7986 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Pasco.


$


 Ambelania markgrafiana Monach.


Ambelania markgrafiana Monach. = Mucoa duckei (Markgr.) Zarucchi

Reference: FP 1343: 373; Zarucchi, J. L., 1987: 42. 


$


 Ambelania occidentalis Zarucchi



Ambelania occidentalis Zarucchi

Reference: Zarucchi, J. L., 1987: 36. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 613* (US!), V&aacute;squez & Soto 11862 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Ambelania quadrangularis M&uuml;ll. Arg.


Ambelania quadrangularis M&uuml;ll. Arg. = Rhigospira quadrangularis (M&uuml;ll. Arg.) Miers

Reference: FP 1343: 374; Spichiger, R., J. Meroz, P. Loizeau, & L. Stutz de Ortega, 1990: 426; Zarucchi, J. L., 1987: 81. 


$


 Amblostoma cernua Scheidweiler, Otto & Dietr.


Amblostoma cernua Scheidweiler, Otto & Dietr. = Epidendrum tridactylum Lindl.

Reference: FP 1467: 385; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Amblostoma densum Rchb. f.


Amblostoma densum Rchb. f. = Epidendrum tridactylum Lindl.

Reference: FP 1467: 385. 


$


 Amblostoma gracile var. robustum C. Schweinf.


Amblostoma gracile var. robustum C. Schweinf. = Epidendrum macrum Dressler

Reference: FP 1467: 385; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Amblostoma holochilum Schltr.


Amblostoma holochilum Schltr. = Epidendrum holochilum (Schltr.) H&aacute;gsater

Reference: FP 1467: 472; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Amblostoma tridactylum (Lindley) Rchb. f.


Amblostoma tridactylum (Lindley) Rchb. f. = Epidendrum tridactylum Lindl.

Reference: FP 1467: 385; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Amblyanthera antennacea (A. DC.) M&uuml;ll. Arg.


Amblyanthera antennacea (A. DC.) M&uuml;ll. Arg. = Mandevilla antennacea (A. DC.) Schumann

Reference: FP 1343: 418. 


$


 Amblyanthera brachyloba M&uuml;ll. Arg.


Amblyanthera brachyloba M&uuml;ll. Arg. = Mandevilla brachyloba (M&uuml;ll. Arg.) Schumann

Reference: FP 1343: 420. 


$


 Amblyanthera bridgesii M&uuml;ll. Arg.


Amblyanthera bridgesii M&uuml;ll. Arg. = Mandevilla bridgesii (M&uuml;ll. Arg.) Woodson

Reference: Woodson Jr., R. E., 1933: 693. 


$


 Amblyanthera pavonii (A. DC.) M&uuml;ll. Arg.


Amblyanthera pavonii (A. DC.) M&uuml;ll. Arg. = Mandevilla pavonii (A. DC.) Woodson

Reference: FP 1343: 424. 


$


 Amblyanthera versicolor var. olivacea M&uuml;ll. Arg.


Amblyanthera versicolor var. olivacea M&uuml;ll. Arg. = Mandevilla scabra (Hoffmannsegg ex Roemer & Schultes) Schum.

Reference: FP 1343: 426. 


$


 Amboroa wurdackii R.M. King & H. Rob.



Amboroa wurdackii R.M. King & H. Rob.

Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 376, 485. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Wurdack 2101* (US!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Ambrosia arborescens Mill.



Ambrosia arborescens Mill.

Synonyms: Ambrosia arborescens Willd.
Reference: Payne, W. W., 1964: 411; Payne, W. W., 1966: 28. 
Ecology: Native subshrub. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 1500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Smith & Canne 5923 (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Moquegua, Pasco.


$


 Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.



Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.

Reference: Payne, W. W., 1966: 28. 
Ecology: Native herb. . 
Voucher: Skottsberg 1404 (F!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Lima, Tacna.


$


 Ambrosia artemisioides Meyen & Walp. ex Meyen



Ambrosia artemisioides Meyen & Walp. ex Meyen

Synonyms: Ambrosia artemisioides Meyen & Walp., Ambrosia artemisioides Rusby, Ambrosia artemisioides Sch. Bip.
Reference: Payne, W. W., 1964: 412; Payne, W. W., 1966: 29. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I-III, Coastal: rocky slopes. 500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Lechler 1568* (NY), Williams 2527 (NY)
Departments: Arequipa, Moquegua, Tacna.


$


 Ambrosia dentata (Cabrera) Dillon



Ambrosia dentata (Cabrera) Dillon

Synonyms: Ambrosia dentata Cabrera, Ambrosia dentata Payne
Reference: Dillon, M. O., 1984: 337. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Coastal: lomas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Rauh & Hirsch P498* (NY), Angulo 2554 (HUT, LP)
Departments: Arequipa.


$


 Ambrosia elatior L.


Ambrosia elatior L. = Ambrosia peruviana Willd.

$


 Ambrosia orobanchifera Meyen


Ambrosia orobanchifera Meyen = Ambrosia peruviana Willd.

$


 Ambrosia pannosa Payne



Ambrosia pannosa Payne

Reference: Payne, W. W., 1966: 31. 
Ecology. 2000-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Pennell 13107* (US!)
Departments: Arequipa.


$


 Ambrosia parvifolia Payne


Ambrosia parvifolia Payne = Ambrosia dentata (Cabrera) Dillon

Reference: Payne, W. W., 1966: 35; Dillon, M. O., 1984: 337. 


$


 Ambrosia peruviana Willd.



Ambrosia peruviana Willd.

Synonyms: Ambrosia peruviana L., Ambrosia peruviana Meyen
Reference: Payne, W. W., 1966: 29. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I, Coastal: disturbed areas, forests, riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: D&iacute;az et al. 654 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Lima, La Libertad, Loreto, Ucayali.


$


 Amburana acreana (Ducke) A.C. Sm.



Amburana acreana (Ducke) A.C. Sm.

Synonyms: Amburana acreana (Ducke) J.F. Macbr., Amburana acreana Ducke
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 243; Foster, R. C., 1958: 92. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Treated as a variety under A. cearensis in the Flora of Peru.  
Voucher: Klug 4064 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Amburana cearensis (Allem&atilde;o) A.C. Sm.



Amburana cearensis (Allem&atilde;o) A.C. Sm.

Synonyms: Amburana cearensis Allem&atilde;o
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 243; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 203. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Lao M47 (USM!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Amburana cearensis var. acreana (Ducke) J.F. Macbr.


Amburana cearensis var. acreana (Ducke) J.F. Macbr. = Amburana acreana (Ducke) A.C. Sm.

$


 Amerimnon pinnatum Jacq.


Amerimnon pinnatum Jacq. = Platymiscium pinnatum (Jacq.) Dugand

Reference: Enrech, N. X. de & G. Agostini, 1987: 116. 


$


 Amicia glandulosa Kunth



Amicia glandulosa Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 439; Sag&aacute;stegui-Alva, A. & M. O. Dillon, 1991: 45. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: L&oacute;pez & Sag&aacute;stegui 8821 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Piura.


$


 Amicia lobbiana Benth. ex Rusby



Amicia lobbiana Benth. ex Rusby

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 440; Foster, R. C., 1958: 92. 
Ecology: Native herb, liana. Andean I-III: disturbed areas, forests, riversides. 1500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Metcalf 30434 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Puno.


$


 Amirola nitida (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Pers.


Amirola nitida (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Pers. = Llagunoa nitida Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1298: 389. 


$


 Ammannia auriculata Willd.



Ammannia auriculata Willd.

Reference: Graham, S. A., 1985: 403; Lourteig, A., 1989: 7. 
Ecology: Native herb. Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Spruce 6386 (BM, P)
Departments: Lima, Piura.


$


 Ammannia coccinea Rottb.



Ammannia coccinea Rottb.

Reference: Flora Peru: 753: 217. 
Ecology: Introduced herb. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m. 
Note: Peruvian distribution is not indicated for this species by Graham (1985) and cited specimen is questionably determined (S. Graham, pers. comm.). 
Voucher: McDaniel & Rimachi 18021 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Loreto.


$


 Ammannia hastata DC.


Ammannia hastata DC. = Ammannia latifolia L.

Reference: Graham, S. A., 1985: 411. 


$


 Ammannia latifolia L.



Ammannia latifolia L.

Synonyms: Ammannia latifolia DC., Ammannia latifolia Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 753: 217; Graham, S. A., 1985: 411; Lourteig, A., 1989: 9. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Coastal: beach, disturbed areas, riversides. 0-500 m. 
Note: Apetalous phase found in Peru (Graham, 1985).  
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Asplund 13237 (US)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Lima, La Libertad, Loreto.


$


 Ammannia ramosior L.


Ammannia ramosior L. = Rotala ramosior (L.) Koehne

Reference: FP 753: 218; Lourteig, A., 1989: 6. 


$


 Ammi visnaga (L.) Lam.



Ammi visnaga (L.) Lam.

Synonyms: Ammi visnaga (L.) Crantz, Ammi visnaga (L.) Koso-Pol., Ammi visnaga (L.) Krause, Ammi visnaga L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1293: 8. 
Ecology: Introduced herb. Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas, lomas. 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: West 8205 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Cajamarca, Lima, La Libertad, Moquegua.


$


 Amomum alpinia Rottb.


Amomum alpinia Rottb. = Renealmia alpinia (Rottb.) Maas

Reference: Maas, P. J. M., 1977: 39. 


$


 Amomum racemosum Ruiz & Pav.


Amomum racemosum Ruiz & Pav. = Renealmia racemosa Poepp. & Endl.

Reference: FP 1203: 727; Maas, P. J. M., 1977: 123. 


$


 Amomum thyrsoideum Ruiz & Pav.


Amomum thyrsoideum Ruiz & Pav. = Renealmia thyrsoidea (Ruiz & Pav.) Poepp. & Endl. subsp. thyrsoidea 

Reference: FP 1203: 730; Maas, P. J. M., 1977: 135. 


$


 Amoreuxia potentilloides Pilg.



Amoreuxia potentilloides Pilg.

Synonyms: Amoreuxia potentilloides (Pilg.) J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 732: 14; Poppendieck, H.-H., 1981: 24. 
Note: Poppendieck (1981) lists this as a doubtful species as it was known only from the type collection destroyed in the Berlin herbarium (B) during WWII.   


$


 Amoreuxia wrightii A. Gray



Amoreuxia wrightii A. Gray

Reference: Poppendieck, H.-H., 1981: 22. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Hutchinson 1504 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl


Amoria hybrida (L.) C. Presl = Trifolium hybridum L.

Reference: Zohary, M. & D. Heller, 1984: 145. 


$


 Amoria repens (L.) C. Presl


Amoria repens (L.) C. Presl = Trifolium repens L.

Reference: Zohary, M. & D. Heller, 1984: 168. 


$


 Ampelocera edentula Kuhlm.



Ampelocera edentula Kuhlm.

Reference: Carauta, J. P. P., 1974: 100; Todzia, C. A., 1989: 1093. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, terra firme forests. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 7291 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Ampelocera ruizii Klotzsch



Ampelocera ruizii Klotzsch

Reference: Flora Peru: 1231: 274; Carauta, J. P. P., 1974: 100; Todzia, C. A., 1989: 1101. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (F photocopy MO!), Foster 5956 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Ampelodaphne arunciflora Meisn.


Ampelodaphne arunciflora Meisn. = Endlicheria arunciflora (Meisn.) Mez

Reference: FP 610: 847. 


$


 Ampelozizyphus amazonicus Ducke



Ampelozizyphus amazonicus Ducke

Reference: Flora Peru: 1299: 398; Rodriguez-Carrasquero, H. A., 1980: 285. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: forests, riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 6239 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Pasco.


$


 Ampherephis aristata Kunth


Ampherephis aristata Kunth = Centratherum punctatum Cass.

Reference: FP 1416: 59. 


$


 Ampherephis intermedia Link


Ampherephis intermedia Link = Centratherum punctatum Cass.

Reference: FP 1416: 59. 


$


 Ampherephis mutica Kunth


Ampherephis mutica Kunth = Centratherum punctatum Cass.

Reference: FP 1416: 59. 


$


 Ampherephis pilosa Cass.


Ampherephis pilosa Cass. = Centratherum punctatum Cass.

Reference: FP 1416: 59. 


$


 Ampherephis pulchella Cass.


Ampherephis pulchella Cass. = Centratherum punctatum Cass.

Reference: FP 1416: 59. 


$


 Amphibecis violacea (Schrank) Schrank


Amphibecis violacea (Schrank) Schrank = Centratherum punctatum Cass.

Reference: FP 1416: 59. 


$


 Amphibromus scabrivalvis (Trin.) Swallen



Amphibromus scabrivalvis (Trin.) Swallen

Synonyms: Amphibromus scabrivalvis Trin.
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 123. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: riversides. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: S&aacute;nchez & S&aacute;nchez 3152 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Puno.


$


 Amphicarpaea ovalifolia (Kunth) Seckt


Amphicarpaea ovalifolia (Kunth) Seckt = Cologania broussonetii (Balbis) DC.

Reference: Fearing, O. S., 1959: 108; Turner, B. L., 1992: 291. 


$


 Amphicarpaea pulchella (Kunth) Taub.


Amphicarpaea pulchella (Kunth) Taub. = Cologania broussonetii (Balbis) DC.

Reference: Fearing, O. S., 1959: 97; Turner, B. L., 1992: 291. 


$


 Amphidasya colombiana (Standl.) Steyerm.



Amphidasya colombiana (Standl.) Steyerm.

Synonyms: Amphidasya colombiana Standl.
Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1972: 318. 
Ecology: Native shrub, subshrub. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: A variable species as here recognized, probably including both A. intermedia Steyermark, and A. neblina Steyermark. 
Voucher: Stein et al. 3959 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Amphiglottis nocturna (Jacq.) Britton


Amphiglottis nocturna (Jacq.) Britton = Epidendrum nocturnum Jacq.

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Amphilophis exaristatus Nash


Amphilophis exaristatus Nash = Bothriochloa exaristata (Nash) Henrard

Reference: Allred, K. W. & F. W. Gould, 1983: 182. 


$


 Amphilophium aschersonii Ule



Amphilophium aschersonii Ule

Reference: Flora Peru: 1362: 52; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 31. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ule 6813* (K), Gentry et al. 18638 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Amphilophium ecuadorense A.H. Gentry



Amphilophium ecuadorense A.H. Gentry

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1977: 17. 
Ecology: Native liana. Andean I: dry valleys. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: D&iacute;az 2731 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Piura, Tumbes.


$


 Amphilophium jelskii Zahlbr.


Amphilophium jelskii Zahlbr. = Amphilophium pannosum (A. DC.) Bureau & K. Schum.

Reference: FP 1362: 53; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 40. 


$


 Amphilophium macrophyllum Kunth


Amphilophium macrophyllum Kunth = Amphilophium paniculatum var. molle (Schltdl. & Cham.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1362: 53; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 37. 


$


 Amphilophium molle Schltdl. & Cham.


Amphilophium molle Schltdl. & Cham. = Amphilophium paniculatum var. molle (Schltdl. & Cham.) Standl.

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1982: 37. 


$


 Amphilophium mutisii Kunth


Amphilophium mutisii Kunth = Amphilophium paniculatum (L.) Kunth var. paniculatum 

Reference: FP 1362: 54; Gentry, A. H., 1977: 17. 


$


 Amphilophium paniculatum (L.) Kunth



Amphilophium paniculatum (L.) Kunth

$


 Amphilophium paniculatum (L.) Kunth var.paniculatum



Amphilophium paniculatum (L.) Kunth var. paniculatum 

Synonyms: Amphilophium paniculatum paniculatum Kunth
Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1977: 17. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & Revilla 16327 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Piura, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Amphilophium paniculatum var.molle (Schltdl. & Cham.) Standl.



Amphilophium paniculatum var. molle (Schltdl. & Cham.) Standl.

Synonyms: Amphilophium paniculatum molle Kunth, Amphilophium paniculatum molle L., Amphilophium paniculatum molle Schltdl. & Cham.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1362: 54; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 37. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 10141 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Amphilophium pannosum (A. DC.) Bureau & K. Schum.



Amphilophium pannosum (A. DC.) Bureau & K. Schum.

Synonyms: Amphilophium pannosum A. DC., Amphilophium pannosum Zahlbr.
Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1982: 39. 
Ecology: Native liana. Andean II: cloud forests. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry 61513 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Pasco.


$


 Amphiodon effusus Huber


Amphiodon effusus Huber = Poecilanthe effusa (Huber) Ducke

Reference: FP 21: 270; Ducke, A., 1949: 166. 
Note: NN  


$


 Amphirrhox juruana Ule


Amphirrhox juruana Ule = Amphirrhox longifolia (St. Hilaire) Sprengel

Reference: FP 729: 65; Baehni, C. & R. Weibel, 1941: 200; Hekking, W. H. A., 1988: 182; Hekking, pers. comm.. 
Note: NN  


$


 Amphirrhox latifolia C. Martius ex Eichler


Amphirrhox latifolia C. Martius ex Eichler = Amphirrhox longifolia (St. Hilaire) Sprengel

Reference: FP 729: 65; Baehni, C. & R. Weibel, 1941: 207; Smith, L. B. & A. Fern&aacute;ndez-Perez, 1954: 120. 


$


 Amphirrhox longifolia (St. Hilaire) Sprengel



Amphirrhox longifolia (St. Hilaire) Sprengel

Synonyms: Amphirrhox longifolia (Miquel) Eichler, Amphirrhox longifolia C. Martius ex Eichler, Amphirrhox longifolia Eichler, Amphirrhox longifolia St. Hilaire, Amphirrhox longifolia Ule
Reference: Smith, L. B. & A. Fern&aacute;ndez-Perez, 1954: 120; Hekking, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 1360 (F)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Amphirrhox sprucei (Eichler) J.F. Macbr.


Amphirrhox sprucei (Eichler) J.F. Macbr. = Leonia cymosa Mart.

Reference: FP 729: 66; Baehni, C. & R. Weibel, 1941: 201. 


$


 Amphirrhox surinamensis (Miquel) Eichler


Amphirrhox surinamensis (Miquel) Eichler = Amphirrhox longifolia (St. Hilaire) Sprengel

Reference: FP 729: 66; Baehni, C. & R. Weibel, 1941: 201; Smith, L. B. & A. Fern&aacute;ndez-Perez, 1954: 120. 


$


 Amphiscopia inficiens (M. Vahl) Nees


Amphiscopia inficiens (M. Vahl) Nees = Justicia inficiens M. Vahl

$


 Amphiscopia lancifolia Nees


Amphiscopia lancifolia Nees = Justicia lancifolia (Nees) V.M. Badillo

Reference: Badillo M., V., 1947: 419. 


$


 Amphymenium rohrii (Vahl) Kunth


Amphymenium rohrii (Vahl) Kunth = Pterocarpus rohrii Vahl

Reference: Rojo, J. P., 1972: 73. 


$


 Amsinckia angustifolia Lehmann


Amsinckia angustifolia Lehmann = Amsinckia hispida (Ruiz & Pav.) I.M. Johnst.

Reference: FP 1285: 597. 


$


 Amsinckia aurantiaca Brand


Amsinckia aurantiaca Brand = Amsinckia hispida (Ruiz & Pav.) I.M. Johnst.

Reference: FP 1285: 597. 


$


 Amsinckia hispida (Ruiz & Pav.) I.M. Johnst.



Amsinckia hispida (Ruiz & Pav.) I.M. Johnst.

Synonyms: Amsinckia hispida Brand, Amsinckia hispida Brand, Amsinckia hispida Lehmann, Amsinckia hispida Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1285: 597. 
Ecology: Introduced herb. Andean II: disturbed areas. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Leiva & Leiva 104 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Amygdalus persica L.


Amygdalus persica L. = Prunus persica (L.) Batsch

Reference: FP 635: 1087. 


$


 Amyris crebrinervis Gereau



Amyris crebrinervis Gereau

Reference: Gereau, R. E., 1991: 229. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: D&iacute;az et al. 1143* (MO!, USM)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Amyris macrocarpa Gereau



Amyris macrocarpa Gereau

Reference: Gereau, R. E., 1991: 231. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Berlin 1776* (MO!), V&aacute;squez et al. 3134 (F!, USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Amyris pinnata Kunth



Amyris pinnata Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 655: 661; Gereau, R. E., 1991: 233. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: semi-deciduous forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & D&iacute;az 58291 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes.


$


 Amyris polygama Cav.


Amyris polygama Cav. = Schinus polygamus (Cav.) Cabrera

Reference: FP 681: 254. 


$


 Amyris sandemanii Sandwith



Amyris sandemanii Sandwith

Reference: Gereau, R. E., 1991: 234. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: rocky slopes. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: D&iacute;az 1974 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca.


$


 Amyrsia compressa (Kunth) Kausel


Amyrsia compressa (Kunth) Kausel = Myrcianthes fragrans (Sw.) McVaugh

Reference: FP 760: 754; Grifo, pers. comm.. 


$


 Amyrsia foliosa (Kunth) Kausel


Amyrsia foliosa (Kunth) Kausel = Myrcianthes foliosa (Kunth) McVaugh

Reference: FP 760: 758. 
Note: NN  


$


 Amyrsia hallii (O. Berg) Kausel


Amyrsia hallii (O. Berg) Kausel = Myrcianthes hallii (O. Berg) McVaugh

Reference: FP 760: 759. 
Note: NN  


$


 Amyrsia limbata (Kunth) Kausel


Amyrsia limbata (Kunth) Kausel = Myrcianthes fragrans (Sw.) McVaugh

Reference: FP 760: 762; Grifo, pers. comm.. 


$


 Anacampta albescens (Rusby) Markgr.


Anacampta albescens (Rusby) Markgr. = Tabernaemontana undulata Vahl

Reference: FP 1343: 400; Leeuwenberg, pers. comm.. 


$


 Anacampta coriacea (Link ex Roem. & Schult.) Markgr.


Anacampta coriacea (Link ex Roem. & Schult.) Markgr. = Tabernaemontana coriacea Link ex Roem. & Schult.

Reference: FP 1343: 403. 
Note: NN  


$


 Anacampta hirtula (Mart. ex M&uuml;ll. Arg.) Miers


Anacampta hirtula (Mart. ex M&uuml;ll. Arg.) Miers = Tabernaemontana siphilitica (L. f.) Leeuwenb.

Reference: FP 1343: 405; Leeuwenberg, pers. comm.. 


$


 Anacampta macrocalyx (M&uuml;ll. Arg.) Markgr.


Anacampta macrocalyx (M&uuml;ll. Arg.) Markgr. = Tabernaemontana macrocalyx M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: Leeuwenberg, pers. comm.. 


$


 Anacampta maxima (Markgr.) Markgr.


Anacampta maxima (Markgr.) Markgr. = Tabernaemontana maxima Markgr.

Note: NN  


$


 Anacardium giganteum Hancock ex Engler



Anacardium giganteum Hancock ex Engler

Reference: Mitchell, J. D. & S. A. Mori, 1987: 54. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez et al. 6205 (AMAZ!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Anacardium occidentale L.



Anacardium occidentale L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 681: 240; Mitchell, J. D. & S. A. Mori, 1987: 38. 
Ecology: Cultivated tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Belshaw 3344 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Anacardium parvifolium Ducke



Anacardium parvifolium Ducke

Reference: Mitchell, J. D. & S. A. Mori, 1987: 53. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Hartshorn et al. 2977 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Pasco.


$


 Anacharis chilensis Planch.


Anacharis chilensis Planch. = Elodea potamogeton (Bert.) Espinosa

Reference: FP 696: 95; Cook, C. D. K. & K. Urmi-K&ouml;nig, 1985: 126. 


$


 Anacharis mathewsii Planch.


Anacharis mathewsii Planch. = Elodea potamogeton (Bert.) Espinosa

Reference: FP 696: 108; Cook, C. D. K. & K. Urmi-K&ouml;nig, 1985: 127. 


$


 Anacharis potamogeton (Bert.) Marie-Victorin


Anacharis potamogeton (Bert.) Marie-Victorin = Elodea potamogeton (Bert.) Espinosa

Reference: FP 696: 108; Cook, C. D. K. & K. Urmi-K&ouml;nig, 1985: 126. 


$


 Anacyclus australis Sieber ex Spreng.


Anacyclus australis Sieber ex Spreng. = Cotula australis (Sieber ex Spreng.) Hook. f.

Reference: FP 1417: 6. 


$


 Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan var.colubrina



Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan var. colubrina 

Synonyms: Anadenanthera colubrina colubrina (Vell.) Benth., Anadenanthera colubrina colubrina Vell.
Reference: Altschul, S. von R., 1964: 52; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 120. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan



Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan

$


 Anadenanthera colubrina var.cebil (Griseb.) Reis



Anadenanthera colubrina var. cebil (Griseb.) Reis

Synonyms: Anadenanthera colubrina cebil (Benth.) Brenan, Anadenanthera colubrina cebil (Griseb.) Griseb., Anadenanthera colubrina cebil Benth., Anadenanthera colubrina cebil Griseb., Anadenanthera colubrina var. cebil (Griseb.) Chodat & Hassl.
Reference: Altschul, S. von R., 1964: 53; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 120. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I-III: semi-deciduous forests, shrublands. 500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 6802 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Lambayeque, Piura.


$


 Anadenanthera macrocarpa (Benth.) Brenan


Anadenanthera macrocarpa (Benth.) Brenan = Anadenanthera colubrina var. cebil (Griseb.) Reis

Reference: Altschul, S. von R., 1964: 54; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 120. 


$


 Anagallis arvensis L.



Anagallis arvensis L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1333: 150; St&aring;hl, B., 1990: 31. 
Ecology: Introduced herb. Andean I-III, Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-4000 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui 7681 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Apur&iacute;mac, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Ananas ananas CocKer Gawl.ell


Ananas ananas CocKer Gawl.ell = Ananas comosus var. comosus 

Reference: FP 1179: 592; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 2063. 


$


 Ananas ananassoides (Baker) L.B. Sm.



Ananas ananassoides (Baker) L.B. Sm.

Synonyms: Ananas ananassoides Baker
Reference: Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 2052. 
Ecology. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: D&iacute;az & Campos 3418 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Ananas bracteatus (Lindl.) Schult. f.



Ananas bracteatus (Lindl.) Schult. f.

$


 Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.



Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.

$


 Ananas comosus var.comosus



Ananas comosus var. comosus 

Synonyms: Ananas comosus comosus CocKer Gawl.ell, Ananas comosus comosus L., Ananas comosus comosus L., Ananas comosus comosus Lindl., Ananas comosus comosus Schult. f.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1179: 592; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 2061. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Cook & Gilbert 1655 (US!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Ananas lucidus Mill.



Ananas lucidus Mill.

Reference: Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 2056. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Asplund 12206 (US)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto.


$


 Ananas sativus Schult. f.


Ananas sativus Schult. f. = Ananas comosus var. comosus 

Reference: FP 1179: 592; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 2063. 


$


 Ananassa sativa Lindl.


Ananassa sativa Lindl. = Ananas comosus var. comosus 

Reference: FP 1179: 592; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 2062. 


$


 Ananthacorus angustifolius (Sw.) Underw. & Maxon



Ananthacorus angustifolius (Sw.) Underw. & Maxon

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 219. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Asplund 12678 (US)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Anartia cuspidata (Rusby) L. Allorge


Anartia cuspidata (Rusby) L. Allorge = Tabernaemontana cuspidata Rusby

$


 Anartia flavicans (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Miers


Anartia flavicans (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Miers = Tabernaemontana flavicans Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.

Reference: FP 1343: 403. 


$


 Anartia olivacea (M&uuml;ll. Arg.) Markgr.


Anartia olivacea (M&uuml;ll. Arg.) Markgr. = Tabernaemontana flavicans Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.

Reference: FP 1343: 408; Leeuwenberg, A. J. M., 1988: 10. 


$


 Anaueria brasiliensis Kostermans



Anaueria brasiliensis Kostermans

Synonyms: Anaueria brasiliensis (Kostermans) Kostermans


$


 Anaxagorea brachycarpa R.E. Fr.



Anaxagorea brachycarpa R.E. Fr.

Reference: Spichiger, R., J. Meroz, P. Loizeau & L. Stutz de Ortega, 1989: 109. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests on white sand, terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez et al. 999 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Anaxagorea brevipes Benth.



Anaxagorea brevipes Benth.

Synonyms: Anaxagorea brevipes Diels ex R.E. Fr.
Reference: Maas, P. J. M. & L. Y. Th. Westra, 1984: 128. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 9966 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco.


$


 Anaxagorea crassipetala Hemsl.



Anaxagorea crassipetala Hemsl.

Reference: Maas, P. J. M. & L. Y. Th. Westra, 1984: 131. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Berlin 1612 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Anaxagorea dolichocarpa Sprague & Sandwith



Anaxagorea dolichocarpa Sprague & Sandwith

Synonyms: Anaxagorea dolichocarpa R.E. Fr.
Reference: Maas, P. J. M. & L. Y. Th. Westra, 1985: 145. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Berlin 951 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.


$


 Anaxagorea floribunda Timmerman



Anaxagorea floribunda Timmerman

Reference: Maas, P. J. M. & L. Y. Th. Westra, 1985: 152. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 33* (NY), Gentry et al. 27626 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Anaxagorea megalophylla R.E. Fr.


Anaxagorea megalophylla R.E. Fr. = Anaxagorea dolichocarpa Sprague & Sandwith

Reference: FP 1277: 749; Maas, P. J. M. & L. Y. Th. Westra, 1985: 145. 


$


 Anaxagorea minor Diels ex R.E. Fr.


Anaxagorea minor Diels ex R.E. Fr. = Anaxagorea brevipes Benth.

Reference: FP 1277: 748; Maas, P. J. M. & L. Y. Th. Westra, 1984: 128. 


$


 Anaxagorea pachypetala (Diels) R.E. Fr.



Anaxagorea pachypetala (Diels) R.E. Fr.

Synonyms: Anaxagorea pachypetala (Diels) J.F. Macbr., Anaxagorea pachypetala Diels, Anaxagorea pachypetala Diels
Reference: Flora Peru: 1277: 748; Maas, P. J. M. & L. Y. Th. Westra, 1985: 162. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Tessmann 4893* (B, photo MO!), Schunke 6281 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Anaxagorea pallida Diels


Anaxagorea pallida Diels = Anaxagorea pachypetala (Diels) R.E. Fr.

Reference: FP 1277: 750; Maas, P. J. M. & L. Y. Th. Westra, 1985: 162. 


$


 Anaxagorea phaeocarpa Mart.



Anaxagorea phaeocarpa Mart.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1277: 749; Maas, P. J. M. & L. Y. Th. Westra, 1985: 167. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 4672 (MO!, MOL!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Anaxagorea rufa Timmerman



Anaxagorea rufa Timmerman

Reference: Maas, P. J. M. & L. Y. Th. Westra, 1985: 172. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & Revilla 20424 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Anchietea parvifolia Hallier



Anchietea parvifolia Hallier

Reference: Flora Peru: 729: 70; Baehni, C. & R. Weibel, 1941: 206. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   , but occurring in Boliva.  


$


 Anchietea peruviana Melchior



Anchietea peruviana Melchior

Reference: Flora Peru: 729: 70; Baehni, C. & R. Weibel, 1941: 206. 
Ecology: Endemic liana. Andean I: shrublands. 1000-1500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 7100* (B)
Departments: Lambayeque.


$


 Anchietea raimondii Melchior



Anchietea raimondii Melchior

Reference: Flora Peru: 729: 70; Baehni, C. & R. Weibel, 1941: 206. 
Ecology: Endemic liana, vine. Andean II: forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Raimondi 3344* (B), Raimondi 3484 (B)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Anchietea selloana Cham. & Schltdl.


Anchietea selloana Cham. & Schltdl. = Anchietea selloviana Cham. & Schltdl.

Reference: Baehni, C. & R. Weibel, 1941: 206; Hekking, pers. comm.. 


$


 Anchietea selloviana Cham. & Schltdl.



Anchietea selloviana Cham. & Schltdl.

Synonyms: Anchietea selloviana Cham. & Schltdl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 729: 70; Baehni, C. & R. Weibel, 1941: 206; Hekking, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Jelski 237 (B)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Anchusa kunthii Walpers


Anchusa kunthii Walpers = Plagiobothrys kunthii (Walpers) I.M. Johnst.

Reference: FP 1285: 600; Johnston, I. M., 1927: 84. 


$


 Anchusa linifolia var. kunthii (Walpers) J.F. Macbr.


Anchusa linifolia var. kunthii (Walpers) J.F. Macbr. = Plagiobothrys kunthii (Walpers) I.M. Johnst.

Reference: FP 1285: 600; Johnston, I. M., 1927: 84. 


$


 Anchusa linifolia Willd. ex Lehm.



Anchusa linifolia Willd. ex Lehm.

$


 Anchusa pygmaea Kunth


Anchusa pygmaea Kunth = Plagiobothrys pygmaeus (Kunth) I.M. Johnst.

Reference: FP 1285: 601; Johnston, I. M., 1927: 87. 


$


 Ancistrocarpus maypurensis Kunth


Ancistrocarpus maypurensis Kunth = Microtea maypurensis (Kunth) G. Don

Reference: FP 1261: 548; Nowicke, J. W., 1969: 352. 


$


 Ancistrothyrsus hirtellus A.H. Gentry



Ancistrothyrsus hirtellus A.H. Gentry

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1992: 333. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ayala 2334 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Ancistrothyrsus tessmannii Harms



Ancistrothyrsus tessmannii Harms

Reference: Flora Peru: 732: 9; Holm-Nielsen, L. B., P. M. Jo+/rgensen & J. E. Lawesson, 1988: 4. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: forests on white sand, riversides, terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Described originally in the Flacourtiaceae (Harms, 1931). 
Voucher: Tessmann 4127* (B), Knapp et al. 7216 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Ancistrum barbatum Lam.


Ancistrum barbatum Lam. = Margyricarpus pinnatus (Lam.) Kuntze

Reference: FP 635: 1116. 


$


 Ancylogyne capitata Nees


Ancylogyne capitata Nees = Sanchezia capitata (Nees) Lindau

Reference: Leonard, E. C., 1932: 132. 


$


 Ancylogyne peruviana Nees


Ancylogyne peruviana Nees = Sanchezia peruviana (Nees) Rusby

Reference: Leonard, E. C. & L. B. Smith, 1964: 323. 


$


 Ancyrostemma micranthum (Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don) Poepp. & Endl.


Ancyrostemma micranthum (Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don) Poepp. & Endl. = Klaprothia fasciculata (C. Presl) Poston

Reference: FP 742: 146. 


$


 Andira inermis (W. Wright) Kunth ex DC.



Andira inermis (W. Wright) Kunth ex DC.

Synonyms: Andira inermis (W. Wright) W. Wright, Andira inermis W. Wright
Reference: Mattos, N. F., 1979: 261; Lewis, G. P. & P. E. Owen, 1989: 57. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: riversides. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Klug 4309 (F, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Andira multistipula Ducke



Andira multistipula Ducke

$


 Andira multistipula var.peruana N.F. Mattos



Andira multistipula var. peruana N.F. Mattos

Reference: Mattos, N. F., 1972: 1. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Mattos (1979: 258) does not mention this variety.  
Voucher: Kuhlmann 1505* (RB), Schunke 3859 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Andira retusa (Poir.) Kunth


Andira retusa (Poir.) Kunth = Andira surinamensis (Bondt) Splitgerber ex Pulle

Reference: FP 21: 256; Mattos, N. F., 1979: 262; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 212. 


$


 Andira surinamensis (Bondt) Splitgerber ex Pulle



Andira surinamensis (Bondt) Splitgerber ex Pulle

Synonyms: Andira surinamensis (Poir.) Kunth, Andira surinamensis (Poir.) Lyons, Andira surinamensis Bondt, Andira surinamensis Poir.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 255. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Smith et al. 1172 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Ucayali.


$


 Andrachne ciliato-glandulosa (Millspaugh) Croizat



Andrachne ciliato-glandulosa (Millspaugh) Croizat

Synonyms: Andrachne ciliato-glandulosa Millsp.
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 50; Webster, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Andrachne microphylla (Lam.) Baill.



Andrachne microphylla (Lam.) Baill.

Synonyms: Andrachne microphylla Lam.
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 50. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I, Coastal: desert. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (P), Smith & V&aacute;squez 3225 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Andriapetalum ferrugineum (Kunth) Meisner


Andriapetalum ferrugineum (Kunth) Meisner = Roupala obovata Kunth

$


 Andriapetalum rubescens Pohl


Andriapetalum rubescens Pohl = Panopsis rubescens var. simulans J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 1236: 370; Sleumer, H., 1954: 178. 
Note: NN  


$


 Andriapetalum rubescens var. acuminatum Meisn.


Andriapetalum rubescens var. acuminatum Meisn. = Panopsis rubescens var. simulans J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 1236: 370; Sleumer, H., 1954: 179. 


$


 Andromachia acaulis Kunth


Andromachia acaulis Kunth = Chrysactinium acaule (Kunth) Wedd.

Reference: Robinson, H. & R. D. Brettell, 1974: 49. 


$


 Andromachia excelsa Poepp.


Andromachia excelsa Poepp. = Ferreyranthus excelsus (Poepp.) H. Rob. & Brettell

Reference: Robinson, H. & R. D. Brettell, 1974: 51. 


$


 Andromachia grandiflora Kunth


Andromachia grandiflora Kunth = Liabum grandiflorum (Kunth) Less.

Reference: Robinson, H. & R. D. Brettell, 1974: 52. 


$


 Andromachia hieracioides Kunth


Andromachia hieracioides Kunth = Chrysactinium hieracioides (Kunth) H. Rob. & Brettell

Reference: Robinson, H. & R. D. Brettell, 1974: 50. 


$


 Andromachia igniaria Kunth


Andromachia igniaria Kunth = Liabum igniarium (Kunth) Less.

Reference: Robinson, H. & R. D. Brettell, 1974: 53. 


$


 Andromachia solidaginea Kunth


Andromachia solidaginea Kunth = Liabum solidagineum (Kunth) Less.

Reference: Robinson, H. & R. D. Brettell, 1974: 53. 


$


 Andromachia verbascifolia Kunth


Andromachia verbascifolia Kunth = Ferreyranthus verbascifolius (Kunth) H. Rob. & Brettell

Reference: Robinson, H. & R. D. Brettell, 1974: 51. 


$


 Andromeda bracamorensis Kunth


Andromeda bracamorensis Kunth = Agarista bracamorensis G. Don

Reference: FP 1325: 149; Judd, W. S., 1984: 285. 


$


 Andromeda bracteata Cav.


Andromeda bracteata Cav. = Gaultheria bracteata (Cav.) G. Don

Reference: FP 1325: 138. 


$


 Andromeda glomerata Cav.


Andromeda glomerata Cav. = Gaultheria glomerata (Cav.) Sleumer

Reference: FP 1325: 142. 


$


 Andromeda prostrata Cav.


Andromeda prostrata Cav. = Pernettya prostrata (Cav.) Sleumer

Reference: FP 1325: 134. 


$


 Andropogon adustus Trin.


Andropogon adustus Trin. = Elyonurus muticus (Spreng.) Kuntze

Reference: FP 719: 257; Renvoize, S. A., 1978: 670. 


$


 Andropogon altus Hitchc.


Andropogon altus Hitchc. = Bothriochloa alta (Hitchc.) Henrard

Reference: McVaugh, R., 1983: 77. 


$


 Andropogon amplus J. Presl


Andropogon amplus J. Presl = Andropogon glaucescens Kunth

Reference: Hitchcock, A. S., 1927: 500. 


$


 Andropogon arundinaceus Willd.


Andropogon arundinaceus Willd. = Sorghum bicolor subsp. arundinaceum (Desv.) de Wet & J.R. Harlan ex Davidse

Reference: Wet de, J. M. J., 1978: 481. 
Note: nom. illeg.  


$


 Andropogon barbatum L.


Andropogon barbatum L. = Chloris barbata (L.) Sw.

Reference: Fosberg, F. R., 1976: 178. 


$


 Andropogon barbinodis Lag.


Andropogon barbinodis Lag. = Bothriochloa barbinodis (Lag.) Herter

Reference: McVaugh, R., 1983: 77. 


$


 Andropogon bicornis L.



Andropogon bicornis L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 250. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, grasslands. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Ayala 48 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Ucayali.


$


 Andropogon bracteatus Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.


Andropogon bracteatus Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. = Hyparrhenia bracteata (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Stapf

Reference: FP 719: 253. 


$


 Andropogon brevifolius Sw.


Andropogon brevifolius Sw. = Schizachyrium brevifolium (Sw.) Nees ex B&uuml;se

Reference: FP 719: 250; T&uuml;rpe, A. M., 1985: 170. 


$


 Andropogon cirratus Hack.



Andropogon cirratus Hack.

Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 250. 
Note: Misapplied to Schizachyrium tenerum. 


$


 Andropogon citratus DC.


Andropogon citratus DC. = Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf

Reference: FP 719: 254. 


$


 Andropogon condensatus Kunth


Andropogon condensatus Kunth = ?  

Reference: FP 719: 251; Killeen, T. J., 1990: 185; Pohl, R. W., 1980: 521. 
Note: Misapplied to Schizachyrium microstachyum.  


$


 Andropogon condylotrichus Hochst. ex Steud.


Andropogon condylotrichus Hochst. ex Steud. = Euclasta condylotricha (Hochst. ex Steud.) Stapf

Reference: Tovar, O., 1986: 53. 


$


 Andropogon contortus L.


Andropogon contortus L. = Heteropogon contortus (L.) P. Beauv. ex Roem. & Schult.

Reference: FP 719: 255. 


$


 Andropogon flavescens J. Presl



Andropogon flavescens J. Presl

Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 251. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. . 
Note: The Flora of Peru notes that the status of this taxon is uncertain. 
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (PR), S&aacute;nchez 3244 (CPUN)
Departments: Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Andropogon glaucescens Kunth



Andropogon glaucescens Kunth

Synonyms: Andropogon glaucescens J. Presl
Reference: Tovar, O., 1986: 49. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: savannas. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Wurdack 4341 (US, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Andropogon gracilis J. Presl


Andropogon gracilis J. Presl = Schizachyrium tenerum Nees

Reference: Hitchcock, A. S., 1927: 496. 
Note: nom. illeg.  


$


 Andropogon halepensis (L.) Brot.


Andropogon halepensis (L.) Brot. = Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.

Reference: FP 719: 254. 


$


 Andropogon hirtiflorus (Nees) Kunth


Andropogon hirtiflorus (Nees) Kunth = Schizachyrium sanguineum (Retz.) Alston

Reference: FP 719: 251; T&uuml;rpe, A. M., 1985: 174. 


$


 Andropogon hirtum L.


Andropogon hirtum L. = Hyparrhenia hirta (L.) Stapf

Reference: Tovar, O., 1986: 53. 


$


 Andropogon hispidus Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.


Andropogon hispidus Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. = Arundinella hispida (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Kuntze

Reference: Renvoize, S. A., 1984: 97. 


$


 Andropogon incanus Hack.


Andropogon incanus Hack. = Andropogon lateralis var. incanus (Hack.) Henrard

Reference: FP 719: 252. 


$


 Andropogon insularis L.


Andropogon insularis L. = Digitaria insularis (L.) Fedde

Reference: FP 719: 200; McVaugh, R., 1983: 142. 


$


 Andropogon laguroides DC.


Andropogon laguroides DC. = Bothriochloa laguroides (DC.) Herter

Reference: FP 719: 252; Allred, K. W. & F. W. Gould, 1983: 182. 


$


 Andropogon lateralis Nees



Andropogon lateralis Nees

$


 Andropogon lateralis var.incanus (Hack.) Henrard



Andropogon lateralis var. incanus (Hack.) Henrard

Synonyms: Andropogon lateralis incanus Hack.
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 252. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: grasslands. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 1611 (F!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Piura.


$


 Andropogon lateralis var.lateralis



Andropogon lateralis var. lateralis 

Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 251. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, grasslands, rocky slopes. 1000-3000 m. 
Voucher: S&aacute;nchez 3284 (F!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Piura.


$


 Andropogon latifolius Spreng.


Andropogon latifolius Spreng. = Ischaemum latifolium (Spreng.) Kunth

Reference: Pohl, R. W., 1980: 283. 


$


 Andropogon lechleri Steud. ex Hack.


Andropogon lechleri Steud. ex Hack. = Schizachyrium microstachyum (Desv.) Roseng., B.R. Arill. & Izag.

Reference: FP 719: 251; T&uuml;rpe, A. M., 1985: 176. 


$


 Andropogon lehmannii Pilg.



Andropogon lehmannii Pilg.

Reference: Tovar, O., 1981: 108. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: rocky slopes. . 
Voucher: Iltis & Ugent 1088 (K)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Andropogon leucostachyus Kunth



Andropogon leucostachyus Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 252. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, grasslands. 1000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Smith 5060 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Pasco.


$


 Andropogon leucostachyus var. selloanus Hack.


Andropogon leucostachyus var. selloanus Hack. = Andropogon selloanus (Hack.) Hack.

Reference: FP 719: 253. 


$


 Andropogon melanocarpus Elliott


Andropogon melanocarpus Elliott = Heteropogon melanocarpus (Elliott) Benth.

Reference: FP 719: 256. 


$


 Andropogon microstachyus Desv.


Andropogon microstachyus Desv. = Schizachyrium microstachyum (Desv.) Roseng., B.R. Arill. & Izag.

Reference: Pohl, R. W., 1980: 521. 


$


 Andropogon montufari Kunth


Andropogon montufari Kunth = Trachypogon plumosus (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Nees

Reference: FP 719: 256. 


$


 Andropogon perforatus Trin. ex E. Fourn.


Andropogon perforatus Trin. ex E. Fourn. = Bothriochloa barbinodis (Lag.) Herter

Reference: FP 719: 253; McVaugh, R., 1983: 77. 


$


 Andropogon plumosus Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.


Andropogon plumosus Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. = Trachypogon plumosus (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Nees

Reference: FP 719: 256; Killeen, T. J., 1990: 191. 


$


 Andropogon polydactylon L.


Andropogon polydactylon L. = Chloris barbata (L.) Sw.

Reference: FP 719: 192; Fosberg, F. R., 1976: 178. 


$


 Andropogon preslii Kunth


Andropogon preslii Kunth = Schizachyrium tenerum Nees

Reference: Hitchcock, A. S., 1927: 496. 


$


 Andropogon saccharoides subsp. parvispiculus Hitchc.


Andropogon saccharoides subsp. parvispiculus Hitchc. = Bothriochloa saccharoides subsp. parvispiculus (A. Hitchc.) Davidse

Reference: FP 719: 252; Allred, K. W. & F. W. Gould, 1983: 175. 


$


 Andropogon saccharoides Sw.


Andropogon saccharoides Sw. = Bothriochloa saccharoides (Sw.) Rydb. subsp. saccharoides 

Reference: FP 719: 252; McVaugh, R., 1983: 80. 


$


 Andropogon saccharoides var. laguroides (DC.) Hack.


Andropogon saccharoides var. laguroides (DC.) Hack. = Bothriochloa laguroides (DC.) Herter

Reference: FP 719: 252; Allred, K. W. & F. W. Gould, 1983: 178. 


$


 Andropogon saccharoides var. parvispiculus (Hitchc.) Standl.


Andropogon saccharoides var. parvispiculus (Hitchc.) Standl. = Bothriochloa saccharoides subsp. parvispiculus (A. Hitchc.) Davidse

Reference: FP 719: 252; Allred, K. W. & F. W. Gould, 1983: 175. 


$


 Andropogon saccharoides var. perforatus (Trin. ex E. Fourn.) Hack. ex L.H. Dewey


Andropogon saccharoides var. perforatus (Trin. ex E. Fourn.) Hack. ex L.H. Dewey = Bothriochloa barbinodis (Lag.) Herter

Reference: FP 719: 253; McVaugh, R., 1983: 77. 


$


 Andropogon selloanus (Hack.) Hack.



Andropogon selloanus (Hack.) Hack.

Synonyms: Andropogon selloanus Hack.
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 253. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests on white sand. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 3965 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Andropogon sorghum (L.) Brot.



Andropogon sorghum (L.) Brot.

$


 Andropogon sorghum subvar. muticus Hack.


Andropogon sorghum subvar. muticus Hack. = Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.

Reference: Davidse, pers. comm. 


$


 Andropogon stipoides Kunth


Andropogon stipoides Kunth = Sorghastrum stipoides (Kunth) Nash

Reference: McVaugh, R., 1983: 367. 


$


 Andropogon tabina Steud. ex Lechler


Andropogon tabina Steud. ex Lechler = Schizachyrium sanguineum (Retz.) Alston

Reference: FP 719: 251; T&uuml;rpe, A. M., 1985: 174. 
Note: nom. nud.  


$


 Androtrichum montevidense (Link) Barros


Androtrichum montevidense (Link) Barros = Androtrichum trigynum (Spreng.) H. Pfeiff.

Note: NN  nom. illeg.  


$


 Androtrichum montevidense (Link) Schrader


Androtrichum montevidense (Link) Schrader = Androtrichum trigynum (Spreng.) H. Pfeiff.

Note: NN  


$


 Androtrichum trigynum (Spreng.) H. Pfeiff.



Androtrichum trigynum (Spreng.) H. Pfeiff.

Synonyms: Androtrichum trigynum (Link) Barros, Androtrichum trigynum (Link) Nees, Androtrichum trigynum (Link) Schrader, Androtrichum trigynum Link
Reference: Pedersen, T. M., 1968: 370; Pedersen, T. M., 1972: 533. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Anechites nerium (Aubl.) Urb.



Anechites nerium (Aubl.) Urb.

Synonyms: Anechites nerium Aubl.
Reference: Fallen, M. E., 1983: 228. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Fallen (1983) incorrectly cited Espinoza 1187 as originating from Peru; it is  actually from southern Ecuador. 


$


 Aneilema ovato-oblongum P. Beauv.


Aneilema ovato-oblongum P. Beauv. = Aneilema umbrosum subsp. ovato-oblongum (P. Beauv.) J.K. Morton

Reference: FP 1181: 607. 


$


 Aneilema umbrosum (Vahl) Kunth



Aneilema umbrosum (Vahl) Kunth

$


 Aneilema umbrosum subsp.ovato-oblongum (P. Beauv.) J.K. Morton



Aneilema umbrosum subsp. ovato-oblongum (P. Beauv.) J.K. Morton

Synonyms: Aneilema umbrosum ovato-oblongum P. Beauv.


$


 Anemia clinata Mickel



Anemia clinata Mickel

Reference: Flora Peru: 2132: 25. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: C. Schunke 78 (F!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Anemia ferruginea var.ferruginea



Anemia ferruginea var. ferruginea 

Reference: Flora Peru: 2132: 27. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 1656 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huancavelica, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Anemia flexuosa (Savigny) Sw.



Anemia flexuosa (Savigny) Sw.

Reference: Flora Peru: 2132: 27. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Mexia 8038 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Anemia flexuosa var. setosa Prantl


Anemia flexuosa var. setosa Prantl = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 27. 


$


 Anemia haenkei Presl


Anemia haenkei Presl = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 29. 


$


 Anemia hirsuta (L.) Sw.



Anemia hirsuta (L.) Sw.

Reference: Flora Peru: 2132: 28. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 1000-2000 m. 
Voucher: Bryan 427 (F!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Anemia hirsuta var. humboldtiana Hieron.


Anemia hirsuta var. humboldtiana Hieron. = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 28. 


$



$


 Anemia humilis (Cav.) Sw.


Anemia humilis (Cav.) Sw. = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 29. 


$


 Anemia myriophylla H. Christ



Anemia myriophylla H. Christ

Reference: Flora Peru: 2132: 28. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison & Bennet 4519 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca.


$


 Anemia oblongifolia (Cav.) Sw.



Anemia oblongifolia (Cav.) Sw.

Reference: Flora Peru: 2132: 29. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 4176 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Anemia oblongifolia var. humilis (Cav.) Hook. & Baker


Anemia oblongifolia var. humilis (Cav.) Hook. & Baker = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 29. 


$


 Anemia pastinacaria Moritz ex Prantl



Anemia pastinacaria Moritz ex Prantl

Reference: Flora Peru: 2132: 28. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 1657 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Anemia phyllitidis (L.) Sw.


Anemia phyllitidis (L.) Sw. = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 29. 


$


 Anemia villosa Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.



Anemia villosa Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.

Reference: Flora Peru: 2132: 25. 
Ecology: . herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Wurdack 599 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Anemone aequinoctialis Poepp.


Anemone aequinoctialis Poepp. = Anemone helleborifolia DC.

Reference: FP 1272: 640; Lourteig, A., 1956: 208. 


$


 Anemone decapetala Ard.



Anemone decapetala Ard.

$


 Anemone decapetala var.foliolosa Eichler



Anemone decapetala var. foliolosa Eichler

Synonyms: Anemone decapetala foliolosa Vahl
Reference: Lourteig, A., 1956: 202. 
Ecology. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Tupayachi 1102 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima.


$


 Anemone helleborifolia DC.



Anemone helleborifolia DC.

Synonyms: Anemone helleborifolia Britton, Anemone helleborifolia Poepp.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1272: 640; Lourteig, A., 1956: 208. 
Ecology. 1500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (P), Mostacero et al. 1264 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Pasco, Puno.


$


 Anemone integrifolia (DC.) Kunth ex Wedd.


Anemone integrifolia (DC.) Kunth ex Wedd. = Oreithales integrifolia (DC.) Schltdl.

Reference: FP 1272: 641; Lourteig, A., 1956: 212. 


$


 Anemone peruviana Britton


Anemone peruviana Britton = Anemone helleborifolia DC.

Reference: FP 1272: 640; Lourteig, A., 1956: 208. 


$


 Anemone triternata Vahl


Anemone triternata Vahl = Anemone decapetala var. foliolosa Eichler

Reference: FP 1272: 641; Lourteig, A., 1956: 202. 


$


 Anemopaegma chrysanthum Dugand



Anemopaegma chrysanthum Dugand

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1977: 25. 
Ecology: Native liana. Andean I-II: forests. 1000-2000 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui & Cabanidas 8674 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Piura.


$


 Anemopaegma chrysoleucum (Kunth) Sandwith



Anemopaegma chrysoleucum (Kunth) Sandwith

Synonyms: Anemopaegma chrysoleucum Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 1362: 36; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 49. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 61992 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Anemopaegma colombianum (Sandwith) A.H. Gentry



Anemopaegma colombianum (Sandwith) A.H. Gentry

Synonyms: Anemopaegma colombianum Sandwith


$


 Anemopaegma flavum Morong



Anemopaegma flavum Morong

$


 Anemopaegma floridum C. Mart. ex DC.



Anemopaegma floridum C. Mart. ex DC.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1362: 36; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 52. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry 22298 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Anemopaegma insculptum (Sandwith) A.H. Gentry



Anemopaegma insculptum (Sandwith) A.H. Gentry

Synonyms: Anemopaegma insculptum Sandwith


$


 Anemopaegma leptosiphon Rusby


Anemopaegma leptosiphon Rusby = Martinella obovata (Kunth) Bureau & K. Schum.

Reference: FP 1362: 43; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 249. 


$


 Anemopaegma oligoneuron (Sprague & Sandwith) A.H. Gentry



Anemopaegma oligoneuron (Sprague & Sandwith) A.H. Gentry

Synonyms: Anemopaegma oligoneuron Sprague & Sandwith
Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1982: 59. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 61981 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Anemopaegma pachypus Schumann


Anemopaegma pachypus Schumann = Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) A.H. Gentry

Reference: FP 1362: 30. 


$


 Anemopaegma paraense Bureau & K. Schum.



Anemopaegma paraense Bureau & K. Schum.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1362: 36; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 62. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 56145 (AMAZ!, MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto.


$


 Anemopaegma poeppigii A. DC.


Anemopaegma poeppigii A. DC. = Arrabidaea poeppigii (A. DC.) Sandwith

Reference: FP 1362: 28. 


$


 Anemopaegma puberulum (Seibert) Miranda



Anemopaegma puberulum (Seibert) Miranda

Synonyms: Anemopaegma puberulum Seibert
Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1977: 28. 
Ecology: Native liana. Andean I-II, Coastal: dry valleys. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: D&iacute;az et al. 2745 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Anemopaegma whitei Rusby


Anemopaegma whitei Rusby = Arrabidaea whitei (Rusby) Sandwith

Reference: FP 1362: 29; Sandwith, N. Y., 1968: 414. 
Note: NN  


$



$


 Anetanthus gracilis Hiern



Anetanthus gracilis Hiern

$


 Anetanthus rubra L. E. Skog



Anetanthus rubra L. E. Skog

Reference: Skog, L. E., 1982: 95. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: forests, shrublands. 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Wurdack 1469* (US!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Anethum foeniculum L.


Anethum foeniculum L. = Foeniculum vulgare Mill.

Reference: FP 1293: 61; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 62. 


$


 Anethum graveolens L.



Anethum graveolens L.

Synonyms: Anethum graveolens Baill.
Reference: Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 63. 
Ecology: Introduced herb. Region uncertain: disturbed areas. . 
Note: No voucher seen at MO.  


$


 Anethum pastinaca Wibel


Anethum pastinaca Wibel = Pastinaca sativa L.

Reference: FP 1293: 90. 


$


 Anethum segetum L.


Anethum segetum L. = Ridolfia segetum (L.) Moris

Reference: FP 1293: 92. 


$


 Anetium citrifolium (L.) Splitg.



Anetium citrifolium (L.) Splitg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 225. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 301 (F!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Angadenia cognata (Stadelmeyer) Miers


Angadenia cognata (Stadelmeyer) Miers = Odontadenia cognata (Stadelmeyer) Woodson

Reference: Woodson Jr., R. E., 1935: 273. 


$


 Angadenia nitida (Vahl) Miers


Angadenia nitida (Vahl) Miers = Odontadenia nitida (Vahl) M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: Woodson Jr., R. E., 1935: 300. 


$


 Angelonia angustifolia Benth.



Angelonia angustifolia Benth.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 477. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Angelonia procumbens Nees & Martius



Angelonia procumbens Nees & Martius

Synonyms: Angelonia procumbens Nees ex Martius, Angelonia procumbens Schrad.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 478. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Angostura acuminata (Pilg.) Albuq.



Angostura acuminata (Pilg.) Albuq.

Synonyms: Angostura acuminata Pilg.
Reference: Albuquerque, B. W. P. de, 1981: 850; Gereau, R. E., 1990: 368. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 5635 (F!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Angostura resinosa (Nees & Mart.) Gereau



Angostura resinosa (Nees & Mart.) Gereau

Synonyms: Angostura resinosa Nees & Mart.
Reference: Gereau, R. E., 1990: 368. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Foster & Beltran 13228 (NY!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Angostura toxicaria (Engl.) Albuq.



Angostura toxicaria (Engl.) Albuq.

Synonyms: Angostura toxicaria Engl.
Reference: Gereau, R. E., 1990: 368. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Foster 12146 (F!)
Departments: Madre de Dios.


$


 Angostura trombetensis (Ducke) Albuq.



Angostura trombetensis (Ducke) Albuq.

Synonyms: Angostura trombetensis Ducke
Reference: Albuquerque, B. W. P. de, 1981: 852. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Huashikat 2030 (MO!, UC)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Angostura ucayalina (Huber) Albuq.



Angostura ucayalina (Huber) Albuq.

Synonyms: Angostura ucayalina (Krause) Gereau, Angostura ucayalina Huber, Angostura ucayalina Krause
Reference: Albuquerque, B. W. P. de, 1981: 852; Gereau, R. E., 1990: 368; Kallunki, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Huber 1513* , Schunke 7230 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Angostura ulei (Krause) Gereau


Angostura ulei (Krause) Gereau = Angostura ucayalina (Huber) Albuq.

Reference: Gereau, R. E., 1990: 368; Kallunki, pers. comm.. 


$


 Angraecum brevifolium Lindl.


Angraecum brevifolium Lindl. = Campylocentrum micranthum (Lindl.) Rolfe

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Angraecum fasciola Lindl.


Angraecum fasciola Lindl. = Campylocentrum fasciola (Lindl.) Cogn.

Reference: FP 1484: 985; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Angraecum jamaicense Rchb. f. & Wullschl.


Angraecum jamaicense Rchb. f. & Wullschl. = Campylocentrum micranthum (Lindl.) Rolfe

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Angraecum maculatum Lindl.


Angraecum maculatum Lindl. = Oeceoclades maculata (Lindl.) Lindl.

Reference: FP 1473: 571; Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 119. 


$


 Angraecum micranthum Lindl.


Angraecum micranthum Lindl. = Campylocentrum micranthum (Lindl.) Rolfe

Reference: FP 1484: 986; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Angraecum poeppigii Rchb. f.


Angraecum poeppigii Rchb. f. = Campylocentrum poeppigii (Reichenbach f.) Rolfe

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Angraecum polystachyum Lindl.


Angraecum polystachyum Lindl. = Campylocentrum polystachyum (Lindl.) Rolfe

Reference: FP 1510: 80; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Angraecum weigelti Rchb. f.


Angraecum weigelti Rchb. f. = Campylocentrum fasciola (Lindl.) Cogn.

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Anguloa eburnea B.S. Williams


Anguloa eburnea B.S. Williams = Anguloa uniflora Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1473: 649; Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 7. 


$


 Anguloa grandiflora (Humb. & Bonpl.) Kunth


Anguloa grandiflora (Humb. & Bonpl.) Kunth = Stanhopea jenishiana Kramer ex Rchb. f.

Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 176. 


$


 Anguloa squalida Poepp. & Endl.


Anguloa squalida Poepp. & Endl. = Lycomormium squalidum (Poepp. & Endl.) Rchb. f.

Reference: FP 1473: 602; Sweet, H. R., 1974: 196. 


$


 Anguloa turneri B.S. Williams


Anguloa turneri B.S. Williams = Anguloa uniflora Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 7. 


$


 Anguloa uniflora Ruiz & Pav.



Anguloa uniflora Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Anguloa uniflora B.S. Williams, Anguloa uniflora B.S. Williams
Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 649; Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 7; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Andean I-II: forests. 1000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Pav&oacute;n s.n.* , Bennett 448 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Anguloa virginalis Lindl.



Anguloa virginalis Lindl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 649; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Andean I-II: rocky slopes. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Pastorelli illus.  


$


 Anguria balfoureana (Cogniaux) J.F. Macbr.


Anguria balfoureana (Cogniaux) J.F. Macbr. = Gurania bignoniacea (Poepp. & Endl.) C. Jeffrey

Reference: FP 1379: 344; Jeffrey, C., 1978: 354. 


$


 Anguria bignoniacea Poepp. & Endl.


Anguria bignoniacea Poepp. & Endl. = Gurania bignoniacea (Poepp. & Endl.) C. Jeffrey

Reference: FP 1379: 344; Jeffrey, C., 1978: 354. 


$


 Anguria bignoniacea var. pallida (Cogniaux) J.F. Macbr.


Anguria bignoniacea var. pallida (Cogniaux) J.F. Macbr. = Psiguria triphylla (Miq.) C. Jeffrey

Reference: FP 1379: 344. 


$


 Anguria boissieriana Cogn.


Anguria boissieriana Cogn. = Psiguria triphylla (Miq.) C. Jeffrey

Reference: FP 1379: 345. 


$


 Anguria capitata Poepp. & Endl.


Anguria capitata Poepp. & Endl. = Gurania capitata (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn.

Reference: FP 1379: 345. 


$


 Anguria capitata var. pallida (Cogn.) J.F. Macbr.


Anguria capitata var. pallida (Cogn.) J.F. Macbr. = Gurania capitata (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn.

Reference: FP 1379: 345. 


$


 Anguria cissoides Benth.


Anguria cissoides Benth. = Gurania bignoniacea (Poepp. & Endl.) C. Jeffrey

Reference: FP 1379: 344; Jeffrey, C., 1978: 354. 


$


 Anguria eriantha Poepp. & Endl.


Anguria eriantha Poepp. & Endl. = Gurania eriantha (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn.

Reference: FP 1379: 346; Jeffrey, pers. comm.. 


$


 Anguria grandiflora Cogn.


Anguria grandiflora Cogn. = Psiguria ternata (M. J. Roemer) C. Jeffrey

Reference: FP 1379: 347. 


$


 Anguria guentheri (Harms) J.F. Macbr.


Anguria guentheri (Harms) J.F. Macbr. = Gurania guentheri Harms

Reference: FP 1379: 347. 


$


 Anguria inaequalis (Cogniaux) J.F. Macbr.


Anguria inaequalis (Cogniaux) J.F. Macbr. = Gurania bignoniacea (Poepp. & Endl.) C. Jeffrey

Reference: FP 1379: 344; Jeffrey, C., 1978: 354. 


$


 Anguria insolita (Cogniaux) J.F. Macbr.


Anguria insolita (Cogniaux) J.F. Macbr. = Gurania insolita Cogn.

Reference: FP 1379: 348. 


$


 Anguria lanata (Cogniaux) J.F. Macbr.


Anguria lanata (Cogniaux) J.F. Macbr. = Gurania eriantha (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn.

Reference: FP 1379: 349; Jeffrey, pers. comm.. 


$


 Anguria longipedicellata (Cogniaux) J.F. Macbr.


Anguria longipedicellata (Cogniaux) J.F. Macbr. = Guraniopsis longipedicellata Cogn.

Reference: FP 1379: 350. 


$


 Anguria mathewsii J.F. Macbr.


Anguria mathewsii J.F. Macbr. = Gurania bignoniacea (Poepp. & Endl.) C. Jeffrey

Reference: FP 1379: 344; Jeffrey, C., 1978: 354. 


$


 Anguria pachypoda (Harms) J.F. Macbr.


Anguria pachypoda (Harms) J.F. Macbr. = Gurania acuminata Cogn.

Reference: FP 1379: 347; Jeffrey, pers. comm.. 


$


 Anguria pallida Cogn.


Anguria pallida Cogn. = Psiguria triphylla (Miq.) C. Jeffrey

Reference: FP 1379: 344. 


$


 Anguria parviflora Cogn.


Anguria parviflora Cogn. = Gurania pedata Sprague

Reference: Jeffrey, C., 1978: 376. 


$


 Anguria pycnocephala (Harms) J.F. Macbr.


Anguria pycnocephala (Harms) J.F. Macbr. = Gurania pycnocephala Harms

Reference: FP 1379: 351. 


$


 Anguria pyrrhocephala (Harms) J.F. Macbr.


Anguria pyrrhocephala (Harms) J.F. Macbr. = Gurania eriantha (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn.

Reference: FP 1379: 352; Jeffrey, pers. comm.. 


$


 Anguria rhizantha Poepp. & Endl.


Anguria rhizantha Poepp. & Endl. = Gurania rhizantha (Poepp. & Endl.) C. Jeffrey

Reference: FP 1379: 356; Jeffrey, C., 1978: 357. 


$


 Anguria rufipila (Cogniaux) J.F. Macbr.


Anguria rufipila (Cogniaux) J.F. Macbr. = Gurania rufipila Cogn.

Reference: FP 1379: 352. 


$


 Anguria speciosa Poepp. & Endl.


Anguria speciosa Poepp. & Endl. = Gurania eriantha (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn.

Reference: FP 1379: 353; Jeffrey, pers. comm.. 


$


 Anguria spinulosa Poepp. & Endl.


Anguria spinulosa Poepp. & Endl. = Gurania spinulosa (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn.

Reference: FP 1379: 353. 


$


 Anguria spinulosa var. glabrata (Cogniaux) J.F. Macbr.


Anguria spinulosa var. glabrata (Cogniaux) J.F. Macbr. = Gurania spinulosa (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn.

Reference: FP 1379: 353; Jeffrey, C., 1978: 276. 


$


 Anguria ternata M. J. Roemer


Anguria ternata M. J. Roemer = Psiguria ternata (M. J. Roemer) C. Jeffrey

Reference: FP 1379: 347. 


$


 Anguria tessmannii (Harms) J.F. Macbr.


Anguria tessmannii (Harms) J.F. Macbr. = Gurania bignoniacea (Poepp. & Endl.) C. Jeffrey

Reference: FP 1379: 344; Jeffrey, C., 1978: 354. 


$


 Anguria triphylla Miq.


Anguria triphylla Miq. = Psiguria triphylla (Miq.) C. Jeffrey

Reference: FP 1379: 353. 


$


 Anguria ucayalina (Harms) J.F. Macbr.


Anguria ucayalina (Harms) J.F. Macbr. = Gurania bignoniacea (Poepp. & Endl.) C. Jeffrey

Reference: FP 1379: 344; Jeffrey, C., 1978: 354. 


$


 Anguria ulei (Cogniaux) J.F. Macbr.


Anguria ulei (Cogniaux) J.F. Macbr. = Gurania acuminata Cogn.

Reference: FP 1379: 355; Jeffrey, C., 1978: 376. 


$


 Anguria weberbaueri (Harms) J.F. Macbr.


Anguria weberbaueri (Harms) J.F. Macbr. = Gurania acuminata Cogn.

Reference: FP 1379: 355. 


$


 Aniba amazonica (Meisn.) Mez


Aniba amazonica (Meisn.) Mez = Aniba puchury-minor (Mart.) Mez

Reference: FP 610: 866; Kubitzki, K. & S. Renner, 1982: 57. 


$


 Aniba canelilla (Kunth) Mez



Aniba canelilla (Kunth) Mez

Synonyms: Aniba canelilla A.C. Sm., Aniba canelilla Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 610: 863. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & N&uacute;&ntilde;ez 54176 (MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios.


$


 Aniba compacta A.C. Sm.


Aniba compacta A.C. Sm. = Aniba perutilis Hemsl.

Reference: FP 610: 865; Kubitzki, K. & S. Renner, 1982: 60. 


$


 Aniba coto (Rusby) Kosterm.



Aniba coto (Rusby) Kosterm.

Synonyms: Aniba coto Rusby
Reference: Flora Peru: 610: 863. 
Ecology: Native tree. Andean II: forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: van der Werff 8325 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Pasco.


$


 Aniba cylindriflora Kostermans



Aniba cylindriflora Kostermans

Reference: Flora Peru: 610: 863. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez et al. 5372 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Aniba elliptica A.C. Sm.


Aniba elliptica A.C. Sm. = Aniba canelilla (Kunth) Mez

Reference: FP 610: 863. 


$


 Aniba firmula (Nees & C. Mart.) Mez



Aniba firmula (Nees & C. Mart.) Mez

Synonyms: Aniba firmula Nees & C. Mart.
Reference: Flora Peru: 610: 864; Kubitzki, K. & S. Renner, 1982: 75. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Aniba flexuosa A.C. Sm.


Aniba flexuosa A.C. Sm. = Endlicheria pyriformis (Nees) Mez

Reference: FP 610: 852. 


$


 Aniba foeniculacea Mez


Aniba foeniculacea Mez = Licaria pucheri (Ruiz & Pav.) Kostermans

Reference: FP 610: 871; Kurz, H., 1983: 128. 


$


 Aniba gigantifolia O. Schmidt


Aniba gigantifolia O. Schmidt = Aniba hostmanniana (Nees) Mez

Reference: FP 610: 864; Kubitzki, K. & S. Renner, 1982: 36. 


$


 Aniba guianensis Aubl.



Aniba guianensis Aubl.

Synonyms: Aniba guianensis (Nees) Mez, Aniba guianensis Nees, Aniba guianensis O. Schmidt
Reference: Kubitzki, K. & S. Renner, 1982: 45. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: seasonally inundated areas, terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Mathias & Taylor 6044 (F)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto.


$


 Aniba hirsuta (Schott) Pax ex Sampaio


Aniba hirsuta (Schott) Pax ex Sampaio = Endlicheria paniculata (Sprengel) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 610: 851. 


$


 Aniba hostmanniana (Nees) Mez



Aniba hostmanniana (Nees) Mez

Synonyms: Aniba hostmanniana Nees, Aniba hostmanniana O. Schmidt
Reference: Kubitzki, K. & S. Renner, 1982: 36. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: swamps, terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 27217 (F)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Aniba intermedia (Meisn.) Mez



Aniba intermedia (Meisn.) Mez

Synonyms: Aniba intermedia (Meisn.) Kostermans, Aniba intermedia Meisn.
Reference: Mez, C., 1889: 13. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Aniba krukovii A.C. Sm.


Aniba krukovii A.C. Sm. = Endlicheria krukovii (A.C. Sm.) Kosterm.

$


 Aniba megaphylla Mez



Aniba megaphylla Mez

Reference: Kubitzki, K. & S. Renner, 1982: 48. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas, terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Rimachi 1601 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto.


$


 Aniba muca (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez



Aniba muca (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez

Synonyms: Aniba muca (Ruiz & Pav.) Nees, Aniba muca Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 610: 865; Kubitzki, K. & S. Renner, 1982: 68. 
Ecology: Native tree. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6961 (F)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Aniba murcana C. K. Allen


Aniba murcana C. K. Allen = Aniba williamsii O. Schmidt

Reference: Kubitzki, K. & S. Renner, 1982: 33. 


$


 Aniba panurensis (Meisn.) Mez



Aniba panurensis (Meisn.) Mez

Synonyms: Aniba panurensis Meisn.
Reference: Flora Peru: 610: 864; Kubitzki, K. & S. Renner, 1982: 63. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas, terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 409 (F)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco.


$


 Aniba parviflora (Meisn.) Mez



Aniba parviflora (Meisn.) Mez

Synonyms: Aniba parviflora Meisn.


$


 Aniba perutilis Hemsl.



Aniba perutilis Hemsl.

Synonyms: Aniba perutilis A.C. Sm.
Reference: Flora Peru: 610: 865; Kubitzki, K. & S. Renner, 1982: 60. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & Aronson 24957 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Aniba puchury-minor (Mart.) Mez



Aniba puchury-minor (Mart.) Mez

Synonyms: Aniba puchury-minor (Meisn.) Mez, Aniba puchury-minor Mart., Aniba puchury-minor Meisn.
Reference: Flora Peru: 610: 866; Kubitzki, K. & S. Renner, 1982: 57; Beguin, D., R. Spichiger, & J. Miege, 1985: 258. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: riversides, terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 27658 (F)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Aniba puchury-minor var.intermedia (Meisn.) Kostermans



Aniba puchury-minor var. intermedia (Meisn.) Kostermans

Reference: Flora Peru: 610: 866; Mez, C., 1889: 13. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Aniba reticulata A.C. Sm.


Aniba reticulata A.C. Sm. = Endlicheria rubriflora Mez

Reference: FP 610: 852. 


$


 Aniba riparia (Nees) Mez



Aniba riparia (Nees) Mez

Synonyms: Aniba riparia Nees


$


 Aniba robusta (Klotzsch & Karsten) Mez



Aniba robusta (Klotzsch & Karsten) Mez

Synonyms: Aniba robusta Klotzsch & Karsten


$


 Aniba rosaeodora Ducke



Aniba rosaeodora Ducke

Reference: Flora Peru: 610: 867. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests, forests on white sand. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 1313 (F)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Aniba salicifolia (Nees) Mez


Aniba salicifolia (Nees) Mez = Aniba guianensis Aubl.

Reference: FP 610: 867; Kubitzki, K. & S. Renner, 1982: 45. 


$


 Aniba taubertiana Mez



Aniba taubertiana Mez

$


 Aniba tessmannii O. Schmidt


Aniba tessmannii O. Schmidt = Aniba guianensis Aubl.

Reference: FP 610: 866; Kubitzki, K. & S. Renner, 1982: 45. 


$


 Aniba williamsii O. Schmidt



Aniba williamsii O. Schmidt

Synonyms: Aniba williamsii C. K. Allen
Reference: Flora Peru: 610: 864; Kubitzki, K. & S. Renner, 1982: 33; Beguin, D., R. Spichiger, & J. Miege, 1985: 262. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Williams 3495* (F), Wurdack 2513 (F)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Aniseia martinicensis (Jacq.) Choisy



Aniseia martinicensis (Jacq.) Choisy

Synonyms: Aniseia martinicensis (Burman f.) Choisy, Aniseia martinicensis (Burman f.) Roem. & Schult., Aniseia martinicensis (Jacq.) G. Meyer, Aniseia martinicensis Burman f., Aniseia martinicensis Jacq.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1344: 509; Austin, D. F., 1982: 5. 
Ecology: Native herb, vine. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 28808 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Aniseia uniflora (Burman f.) Choisy


Aniseia uniflora (Burman f.) Choisy = Aniseia martinicensis (Jacq.) Choisy

Reference: FP 1344: 509; Austin, D. F., 1982: 5. 


$


 Anisolobus anomalus Van Heurck & M&uuml;ll. Arg.


Anisolobus anomalus Van Heurck & M&uuml;ll. Arg. = Odontadenia anomala (Van Heurck & M&uuml;ll. Arg.) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 1343: 439. 


$


 Anisolobus cognatus (Stadelmeyer) M&uuml;ll. Arg.


Anisolobus cognatus (Stadelmeyer) M&uuml;ll. Arg. = Odontadenia cognata (Stadelmeyer) Woodson

Reference: Woodson Jr., R. E., 1935: 273. 


$


 Anisomeris albicaulis (Rusby) Standl.


Anisomeris albicaulis (Rusby) Standl. = Chomelia albicaulis (Rusby) Steyerm.

Reference: Standley, P. C., 1931: 294. 


$


 Anisomeris apodantha Standl.


Anisomeris apodantha Standl. = Chomelia apodantha (Standl.) Steyerm.

Reference: Standley, P. C., 1931: 294. 


$


 Anisomeris klugii Standl.


Anisomeris klugii Standl. = Chomelia klugii (Standl.) Steyerm.

Reference: FP 1365: 121. 


$


 Anisomeris paniculata (Bartl. ex DC.) Standl.


Anisomeris paniculata (Bartl. ex DC.) Standl. = Chomelia paniculata (Bartl. ex DC.) Steyerm.

Reference: FP 1365: 122; Steyermark, J. A., 1967: 341. 


$


 Anisomeris peruviana Standl.


Anisomeris peruviana Standl. = Chomelia peruviana (Standl.) Steyerm.

Reference: FP 1365: 122; Steyermark, J. A., 1967: 341. 


$



$


 Anisomeris sessilis (M&uuml;ll. Arg.) Standl.


Anisomeris sessilis (M&uuml;ll. Arg.) Standl. = Chomelia sessilis M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: FP 1365: 122. 


$


 Anisophyllea guianensis Sandwith



Anisophyllea guianensis Sandwith

Reference: Sandwith, N. Y., 1952: 305. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: swamps. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 56355 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Anisophyllum ruizianum Klotzsch & Garcke


Anisophyllum ruizianum Klotzsch & Garcke = Euphorbia ruiziana (Klotzsch & Garcke) Boiss.

Reference: FP 674: 28. 


$


 Anisophyllum thymifolium Haw.


Anisophyllum thymifolium Haw. = Chamaesyce thymifolia (L.) Millsp.

Reference: FP 674: 31. 


$


 Anisosorus hirsutus (L.) Maxon


Anisosorus hirsutus (L.) Maxon = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 186. 


$


 Anneslia magdalenae (Bertero ex DC.) Britton & Rose


Anneslia magdalenae (Bertero ex DC.) Britton & Rose = Calliandra magdalenae (Bertero ex DC.) Benth.

Reference: Schery, R. W., 1950: 259. 


$


 Annona ambotay Aubl.



Annona ambotay Aubl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1277: 758. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 832 (MOL!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Annona asplundiana R.E. Fr.



Annona asplundiana R.E. Fr.

Reference: Fries, R. E., 1947: 15. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Asplund 14813* (S)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Annona axillaris Ruiz


Annona axillaris Ruiz = Annona neglecta R.E. Fr.

Reference: FP 1277: 757. 


$


 Annona biflora R. & P. ex G. Don


Annona biflora R. & P. ex G. Don = Rollinia mucosa (Jacq.) Baill.

Reference: FP 1277: 760. 


$


 Annona bonplandiana Kunth


Annona bonplandiana Kunth = Annona muricata L.

Reference: FP 1277: 752. 


$


 Annona cearensis Barb. Rodr.


Annona cearensis Barb. Rodr. = Annona muricata L.

Reference: FP 1277: 752. 


$


 Annona cherimola Mill.



Annona cherimola Mill.

Synonyms: Annona cherimola Aiton, Annona cherimola Salisb.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1277: 756; Fries, R. E., 1947: 17. 
Ecology: Native tree. . 
Note: Cited in the Flora of Peru as "A. cherimolia." 
Voucher: Asplund 13484 (S)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lima.


$


 Annona cinerea Dunal


Annona cinerea Dunal = Annona squamosa L.

Reference: FP 1277: 756. 
Note: NN  


$


 Annona conifera Ruiz ex R.E. Fr.


Annona conifera Ruiz ex R.E. Fr. = Duguetia peruviana (R.E. Fr.) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 1277: 733. 


$


 Annona cordifolia Poepp. ex Szyszyl.


Annona cordifolia Poepp. ex Szyszyl. = Annona cordifolia (Szyszylowicz) R.E. Fr.

Reference: FP 1277: 754; Maas, P. J. M., L. Y. Th. Westra & Collaborators, 1992: 162. 


$


 Annona cordifolia (Szyszylowicz) R.E. Fr.



Annona cordifolia (Szyszylowicz) R.E. Fr.

Synonyms: Annona cordifolia Poepp. ex Szyszyl., Annona cordifolia Szyszyl.
Reference: 41888; 162. 


$



$


 Annona deminuta R.E. Fr.



Annona deminuta R.E. Fr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1277: 753. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Williams 5579* (F)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Annona dolichophylla R.E. Fr.



Annona dolichophylla R.E. Fr.

Reference: Fries, R. E., 1947: 14. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Asplund 14452* (S)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Annona duckei Diels



Annona duckei Diels

Reference: Flora Peru: 1277: 757; Fries, R. E., 1947: 17. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Ducke MG 7609* (MG)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Annona excellens R.E. Fr.



Annona excellens R.E. Fr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1277: 753; Spichiger, R., J. Meroz, P. Loizeau & L. Stutz de Ortega, 1989: 111. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ule 9374* (B), Schunke 2493 (MOL!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Annona excelsa Kunth


Annona excelsa Kunth = Annona reticulata L.

Reference: FP 1277: 756. 


$


 Annona hostmannii Steud.


Annona hostmannii Steud. = Guatteria schomburgkiana Mart.

Reference: FP 1277: 709. 


$


 Annona humboldtiana Kunth


Annona humboldtiana Kunth = Annona reticulata L.

Reference: FP 1277: 756. 


$


 Annona humboldtii Dun.


Annona humboldtii Dun. = Annona reticulata L.

Reference: FP 1277: 756. 


$


 Annona hypoglauca Mart.



Annona hypoglauca Mart.

Synonyms: Annona hypoglauca Diels
Reference: Fries, R. E., 1947: 16. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 10329 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Annona insignis R.E. Fr.



Annona insignis R.E. Fr.

Reference: V&aacute;squez, pers. comm.. 
Departments: Madre de Dios.


$


 Annona iquitensis R.E. Fr.



Annona iquitensis R.E. Fr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1277: 755. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Killip & Smith 29848* (US)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Annona laevis Kunth


Annona laevis Kunth = Annona reticulata L.

Reference: FP 1277: 756. 


$


 Annona longifolia Aubl.


Annona longifolia Aubl. = Fusaea longifolia (Aubl.) Saff.

Reference: FP 1277: 729. 


$


 Annona longifolia Sesse & Moc.


Annona longifolia Sesse & Moc. = Annona reticulata L.

Reference: FP 1277: 756. 
Note: nom. illeg.  


$


 Annona macrocalyx R.E. Fr.



Annona macrocalyx R.E. Fr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1277: 755. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 26860* (US), Schunke 909 (MOL!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Annona macrocarpa Werckl&eacute;


Annona macrocarpa Werckl&eacute; = Annona muricata L.

Reference: FP 1277: 752. 


$


 Annona marcgravii Mart.


Annona marcgravii Mart. = Annona montana Macfad.

Reference: FP 1277: 753. 


$


 Annona microcarpa R. & P. ex G. Don


Annona microcarpa R. & P. ex G. Don = Rollinia mucosa (Jacq.) Baill.

Reference: FP 1277: 765; Maas, pers. comm.. 


$


 Annona montana Macfad.



Annona montana Macfad.

Synonyms: Annona montana Mart., Annona montana Mart., Annona montana Splitg., Annona montana Vell.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1277: 753; Fries, R. E., 1947: 14. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Revilla et al. 2567 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Annona mucosa Jacq.


Annona mucosa Jacq. = Rollinia mucosa (Jacq.) Baill.

Reference: FP 1277: 760. 


$


 Annona muricata L.



Annona muricata L.

Synonyms: Annona muricata Barb. Rodr., Annona muricata Kunth, Annona muricata M. G&oacute;mez, Annona muricata Morales, Annona muricata Werckl&eacute;
Reference: Flora Peru: 1277: 752. 
Ecology: Cultivated tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 22198 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Annona muricata var. borinquensis Morales


Annona muricata var. borinquensis Morales = Annona muricata L.

Reference: FP 1277: 752. 


$


 Annona muricata Vell.


Annona muricata Vell. = Annona montana Macfad.

Reference: FP 1277: 753. 


$


 Annona neglecta R.E. Fr.



Annona neglecta R.E. Fr.

Synonyms: Annona neglecta Ruiz
Reference: Flora Peru: 1277: 757. 
Ecology: Native tree. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.     
Voucher: Ruiz s.n.* (B)


$


 Annona nitida Martius



Annona nitida Martius

Reference: Fries, R. E., 1947: 14. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Asplund 14270 (S)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Annona obtusiflora Tuss.


Annona obtusiflora Tuss. = Rollinia mucosa (Jacq.) Baill.

Reference: FP 1277: 760. 


$


 Annona parviflora Ruiz & Pav. ex E.A. L&oacute;pez



Annona parviflora Ruiz & Pav. ex E.A. L&oacute;pez

Synonyms: Annona parviflora G. Don
Reference: Maas, pers. comm.. 


$


 Annona pisonis Mart.


Annona pisonis Mart. = Annona montana Macfad.

Reference: FP 1277: 753. 


$


 Annona pterocarpa R. & P. ex D. Don


Annona pterocarpa R. & P. ex D. Don = Rollinia mucosa (Jacq.) Baill.

Reference: FP 1277: 765. 


$


 Annona pteropetala R. & P. ex R.E. Fries


Annona pteropetala R. & P. ex R.E. Fries = Rollinia mucosa (Jacq.) Baill.

Reference: FP 1277: 765. 


$


 Annona pubescens Salisb.


Annona pubescens Salisb. = Annona cherimola Mill.

Reference: FP 1277: 756. 


$


 Annona reticulata L.



Annona reticulata L.

Synonyms: Annona reticulata Dun., Annona reticulata Kunth, Annona reticulata Kunth, Annona reticulata Kunth, Annona reticulata Kunth, Annona reticulata Sesse & Moc.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1277: 756. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Annona reticulata Sieber ex A. DC.


Annona reticulata Sieber ex A. DC. = Rollinia mucosa (Jacq.) Baill.

Reference: FP 1277: 760. 


$


 Annona reticulata var. mucosa (Jacq.) Willd.


Annona reticulata var. mucosa (Jacq.) Willd. = Rollinia mucosa (Jacq.) Baill.

Reference: FP 1277: 760. 


$


 Annona rhombipetala R. & P. ex G. Don


Annona rhombipetala R. & P. ex G. Don = Fusaea longifolia (Aubl.) Saff.

Reference: FP 1277: 729. 


$


 Annona riparia Kunth


Annona riparia Kunth = Annona reticulata L.

Reference: FP 1277: 756. 


$


 Annona scandens Diels



Annona scandens Diels

$


 Annona scandens var.polychyla Diels



Annona scandens var. polychyla Diels

Reference: Flora Peru: 1277: 754. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Schumke 1605 (MOL!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Annona scandens var.scandens



Annona scandens var. scandens 

Reference: Flora Peru: 1277: 754. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ule 6521* (B), Maas et al. 6290 (MOL!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Annona sessiliflora Benth.


Annona sessiliflora Benth. = Guatteriopsis sessiliflora (Benth.) R.E. Fr.

Reference: FP 1277: 750. 


$


 Annona sphaerocarpa Splitg.


Annona sphaerocarpa Splitg. = Annona montana Macfad.

Reference: FP 1277: 753. 


$


 Annona squamosa L.



Annona squamosa L.

Synonyms: Annona squamosa Dunal, Annona squamosa M. G&oacute;mez, Annona squamosa Sieb. ex Presl
Reference: Flora Peru: 1277: 756. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Annona tessmannii Diels


Annona tessmannii Diels = Annona hypoglauca Mart.

Reference: FP 1277: 755. 


$


 Annona tripetala Aiton


Annona tripetala Aiton = Annona cherimola Mill.

Reference: FP 1277: 756. 


$


 Anoda cristata (L.) Schltdl.



Anoda cristata (L.) Schltdl.

Synonyms: Anoda cristata Cav., Anoda cristata L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 589; Fryxell, P. A., 1987: 495; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 24. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub, vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas, forests. 0-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 7358 (USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Moquegua, Pasco, Puno.


$


 Anoda hastata Cav.


Anoda hastata Cav. = Anoda cristata (L.) Schltdl.

Reference: FP 1302: 589; Fryxell, P. A., 1987: 495; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 24. 


$


 Anodiscus peruvianus Benth.


Anodiscus peruvianus Benth. = Anodiscus xanthophyllus (Poepp.) Mansf.

Reference: Mansfeld, R., 1934: 124. 


$


 Anodiscus xanthophyllus (Poepp.) Mansf.



Anodiscus xanthophyllus (Poepp.) Mansf.

Synonyms: Anodiscus xanthophyllus (Poeppig) Kuntze, Anodiscus xanthophyllus Benth., Anodiscus xanthophyllus Poepp.
Reference: Mansfeld, R., 1934: 124. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, riversides. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (W), Foster 2402 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Anogramma leptophylla (L.) Link



Anogramma leptophylla (L.) Link

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 81. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Tryon & Tryon 5416 ((F!), USM)
Departments: Cuzco, Lima.


$


 Anomocarpus pulvinatus (J. Remy) Miers


Anomocarpus pulvinatus (J. Remy) Miers = Calycera pulvinata J. Remy

Reference: FP 1382: 490. 


$


 Anomospermum andersonii Krukoff



Anomospermum andersonii Krukoff

Reference: Krukoff, B. A., 1979: 250. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Mathias & Taylor 5090 (NY!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Anomospermum bolivianum Krukoff & Moldenke



Anomospermum bolivianum Krukoff & Moldenke

Reference: Krukoff, B. A. & R. C. Barneby, 1970: 29. 
Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests on white sand. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Smith 3891 (NY!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Puno.


$


 Anomospermum chloranthum Diels



Anomospermum chloranthum Diels

$


 Anomospermum chloranthum subsp.chloranthum



Anomospermum chloranthum subsp. chloranthum 

Reference: Flora Peru: 1274: 696; Barneby, R. C. & B. A. Krukoff, 1971: 68. 
Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ule 9388* (B), Gentry & Revilla 20846 (NY!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto.


$


 Anomospermum chloranthum subsp.confusum Krukoff & Barneby



Anomospermum chloranthum subsp. confusum Krukoff & Barneby

Reference: Barneby, R. C. & B. A. Krukoff, 1971: 69. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Foster & Terbourgh 6332 (NY!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Anomospermum dielsianum Moldenke


Anomospermum dielsianum Moldenke = Anomospermum reticulatum subsp. dielsianum (Moldenke) Krukoff & Barneby

Reference: Barneby, R. C. & B. A. Krukoff, 1971: 74. 


$


 Anomospermum grandifolium Eichler



Anomospermum grandifolium Eichler

Synonyms: Anomospermum grandifolium (Eichler) Diels
Reference: Flora Peru: 1274: 697; Barneby, R. C. & B. A. Krukoff, 1971: 64. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 1126 (NY!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Anomospermum hirsutum Krukoff & Moldenke


Anomospermum hirsutum Krukoff & Moldenke = Orthomene hirsuta (Krukoff & Moldenke) Barneby & Krukoff

Reference: Barneby, R. C. & B. A. Krukoff, 1971: 81. 


$


 Anomospermum japurense (Mart.) Eichler


Anomospermum japurense (Mart.) Eichler = Borismene japurensis (Mart.) Barneby

Reference: FP 1274: 696; Barneby, R. C., 1972: 145. 


$


 Anomospermum minutiflorum Diels


Anomospermum minutiflorum Diels = Telitoxicum minutiflorum (Diels) Moldenke

Reference: FP 1274: 696; Krukoff, B. A. & H. N. Moldenke, 1938: 49. 


$


 Anomospermum reticulatum Eichler subsp.reticulatum



Anomospermum reticulatum Eichler subsp. reticulatum 

Reference: Barneby, R. C. & B. A. Krukoff, 1971: 74. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 21280 (NY!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Anomospermum reticulatum (Mart.) Eichler



Anomospermum reticulatum (Mart.) Eichler

$


 Anomospermum reticulatum subsp.dielsianum (Moldenke) Krukoff & Barneby



Anomospermum reticulatum subsp. dielsianum (Moldenke) Krukoff & Barneby

Synonyms: Anomospermum reticulatum dielsianum Moldenke
Reference: Barneby, R. C. & B. A. Krukoff, 1971: 74. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 3001 (NY!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Madre de Dios.


$


 Anomospermum schomburgkii Miers


Anomospermum schomburgkii Miers = Orthomene schomburgkii (Miers) Krukoff & Barneby

Reference: FP 1274: 697; Barneby, R. C. & B. A. Krukoff, 1971: 80. 


$


 Anonocarpus amazonicus Ducke


Anonocarpus amazonicus Ducke = Batocarpus amazonicus (Ducke) Fosberg

Reference: FP 1233: 315; Emygdio de Mello Filho, L. & M. Emmerich, 1968: 6. 


$


 Anonocarpus peruvianus Ducke


Anonocarpus peruvianus Ducke = Batocarpus orinocensis H. Karst.

Reference: Emygdio de Mello Filho, L. & M. Emmerich, 1968: 4. 


$


 Anonymos umbrosa Walter


Anonymos umbrosa Walter = Micranthemum umbrosum (Walter) Blake

Reference: FP 1361: 692. 


$


 Anoplophytum amoenum E. Morren


Anoplophytum amoenum E. Morren = Tillandsia tenuifolia var. vaginata (Wawra) L.B. Sm.

Reference: FP 1179: 566; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1977: 832. 
Note: NN  


$


 Anoplophytum brachypodium E. Morren ex Baker


Anoplophytum brachypodium E. Morren ex Baker = Tillandsia tenuifolia var. vaginata (Wawra) L.B. Sm.

Reference: FP 1179: 566; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1977: 832. 
Note: NN  


$


 Anoplophytum calothyrsus Beer


Anoplophytum calothyrsus Beer = Guzmania calothyrsus Mez

Reference: FP 1179: 572; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1977: 1332. 
Note: nom. nud.  


$


 Anoplophytum longebracteatum Beer


Anoplophytum longebracteatum Beer = Tillandsia purpurea Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1179: 560; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1977: 866. 


$


 Anoplophytum pulchellum (Hook.) Beer


Anoplophytum pulchellum (Hook.) Beer = Tillandsia tenuifolia var. tenuifolia 

Reference: FP 1179: 566; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1977: 829. 


$


 Anoplophytum strobilanthum (Ruiz & Pav.) Beer


Anoplophytum strobilanthum (Ruiz & Pav.) Beer = Guzmania strobilantha (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez

Reference: FP 1179: 573; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1332. 


$


 Anoplophytum violaceum Beer


Anoplophytum violaceum Beer = Tillandsia biflora Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1179: 565. 


$


 Anotis conferta (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.


Anotis conferta (Ruiz & Pav.) DC. = Arcytophyllum filiforme (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1365: 70. 


$


 Anotis ericoides (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) DC.


Anotis ericoides (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) DC. = Arcytophyllum ericoides (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1365: 70; Mena V., P., 1990: 12. 


$


 Anotis filiformis (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.


Anotis filiformis (Ruiz & Pav.) DC. = Arcytophyllum filiforme (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1365: 70; Mena V., P., 1990: 9. 


$


 Anotis hypnoides (Kunth) DC.


Anotis hypnoides (Kunth) DC. = Arcytophyllum filiforme (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl.

Reference: Mena V., P., 1990: 9. 


$


 Anotis juniperifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.


Anotis juniperifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) DC. = Arcytophyllum thymifolium (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1365: 72. 


$


 Anotis lechleriana Schltdl.


Anotis lechleriana Schltdl. = Arcytophyllum filiforme (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1365: 70. 


$


 Anotis microphylla (Kunth) DC.


Anotis microphylla (Kunth) DC. = Arcytophyllum filiforme (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1365: 70. 


$


 Anotis pilifera Schltdl.


Anotis pilifera Schltdl. = Arcytophyllum filiforme (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl.

Reference: Mena V., P., 1990: 9. 


$


 Anotis setosa (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.


Anotis setosa (Ruiz & Pav.) DC. = Arcytophyllum setosum (Ruiz & Pav.) Schltdl.

Reference: FP 1365: 72; Mena V., P., 1990: 16. 


$


 Anotis thymifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.


Anotis thymifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) DC. = Arcytophyllum thymifolium (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1365: 72. 


$


 Anotis thymifolia var. hyssopifolia (Cav.) DC.


Anotis thymifolia var. hyssopifolia (Cav.) DC. = Hedyotis hyssopifolia Cav.

Reference: FP 1365: 72. 


$


 Anredera baselloides (Kunth) Baill.



Anredera baselloides (Kunth) Baill.

Synonyms: Anredera baselloides (Ulbr.) Soukup, Anredera baselloides Kunth, Anredera baselloides Ulbr.
Reference: Sperling, C. R., 1987: 214. 
Ecology: Native vine. Andean II: disturbed areas, shrublands. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 7962 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, La Libertad, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis



Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis

Synonyms: Anredera cordifolia Ten.
Reference: Sperling, C. R., 1987: 183. 
Ecology: Native vine. Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Sperling & King 5581 (GH)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Anredera diffusa (Moq.) Soukup


Anredera diffusa (Moq.) Soukup = Anredera diffusa (Moq.) Sperling

Reference: Sperling, C. R., 1987: 234. 
Note: Nom. inval., cited without the basionym.  


$


 Anredera diffusa (Moq.) Sperling



Anredera diffusa (Moq.) Sperling

Synonyms: Anredera diffusa (Moq.) Soukup, Anredera diffusa (Moq.) Volkens, Anredera diffusa Moq., Anredera diffusa Ruiz & Pav. ex Moq.
Reference: Sperling, C. R., 1987: 234. 
Ecology: Native vine. Andean I-II, Coastal: desert, lomas, rocky slopes. 0-3500 m. 
Note: New combination made in Appendix 1.  
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (P frag. F!), Ferreyra 7289 (US, USM!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima.


$


 Anredera filiformis (Moq.) Soukup


Anredera filiformis (Moq.) Soukup = Anredera ramosa (Moq.) Eliasson

Reference: Sperling, C. R., 1987: 222. 
Note: nom. illeg.  


$


 Anredera marginata (Kunth) Sperling



Anredera marginata (Kunth) Sperling

Synonyms: Anredera marginata (Kunth) Britton ex Rusby, Anredera marginata Kunth
Reference: Sperling, C. R., 1987: 254. 
Ecology: Native herb, vine. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 2000-4500 m. 
Note: New combination made in Appendix 1.  
Voucher: N&uacute;&ntilde;ez & N&uacute;&ntilde;ez 8213 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Lima.


$


 Anredera ramosa (Moq.) Eliasson



Anredera ramosa (Moq.) Eliasson

Synonyms: Anredera ramosa (Hauman) J.F. Macbr., Anredera ramosa (Moq.) Soukup, Anredera ramosa (Moquin-Tandon) Hauman, Anredera ramosa Hauman, Anredera ramosa Moq., Anredera ramosa Moq.
Reference: Sperling, C. R., 1987: 222. 
Ecology: Native vine. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, shrublands. 1500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui 9727 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Anredera scandens (L.) Moq.


Anredera scandens (L.) Moq. = Anredera vesicaria (Lam.) Gaertn.

Reference: FP 1265: 578; Sperling, C. R., 1987: 160. 


$


 Anredera vesicaria (Lam.) Gaertn.



Anredera vesicaria (Lam.) Gaertn.

Synonyms: Anredera vesicaria (L.) Moq., Anredera vesicaria L.
Reference: Sperling, C. R., 1987: 159. 
Ecology: Native vine. Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Note: P. scandens (Polygonaceae) [in part, non lectotype] 
Voucher: Plowman 10987 (F, USM!)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Anredera weberbaueri (Ulbr.) Soukup


Anredera weberbaueri (Ulbr.) Soukup = Anredera baselloides (Kunth) Baill.

Reference: Sperling, C. R., 1987: 214. 


$


 Antagonia citrullifolia Griseb.


Antagonia citrullifolia Griseb. = Cayaponia citrullifolia (Griseb.) Cogn.

Reference: Jeffrey, C., 1978: 376. 
Note: NN  


$


 Antennaria andina A. Gray


Antennaria andina A. Gray = Mniodes andina (A. Gray) A. Gray ex Hook. f. & A.B. Jacks.

Reference: FP 27926: 53. 


$


 Antennaria aretioides (Sch. Bip.) A. Gray


Antennaria aretioides (Sch. Bip.) A. Gray = Mniodes aretioides (Sch. Bip.) Cuatrec.

Reference: FP 27926: 53. 


$



$


 Antennaria linearifolia Wedd.



Antennaria linearifolia Wedd.

Synonyms: Antennaria linearifolia (Wedd.) Benth. & Hook. f., Antennaria linearifolia (Wedd.) Franch., Antennaria linearifolia Klatt
Reference: Flora Peru: 27926: 9. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: rocky slopes, shrublands. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Dombey (or Pav&oacute;n) s.n.* (P), Hutchison & Wright 5560 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Pasco.


$


 Antennaria monica Wedd.


Antennaria monica Wedd. = Gnaphalium antennarioides DC.

Reference: FP 27926: 34. 


$


 Anthemis buphthalmoides Jacq.


Anthemis buphthalmoides Jacq. = Heliopsis buphthalmoides (Jacq.) Dunal

Reference: Blake, S. F., 1940: 73. 


$


 Anthemis oppositifolia Lam.


Anthemis oppositifolia Lam. = Acmella oppositifolia (Lam.) R.K. Jansen

Reference: Jansen, R. K., 1985: 30. 


$


 Anthephora elegans Schreb.


Anthephora elegans Schreb. = Anthephora hermaphrodita (L.) Kuntze

Reference: FP 719: 185. 


$


 Anthephora hermaphrodita (L.) Kuntze



Anthephora hermaphrodita (L.) Kuntze

Synonyms: Anthephora hermaphrodita L., Anthephora hermaphrodita Schreb.
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 185. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I, Coastal: disturbed areas, lomas, riversides, rocky slopes. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: D&iacute;az & Balde&oacute;n 2359 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lambayeque, La Libertad, Piura, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes.


$


 Anthericum cajamarcaense Poelln.


Anthericum cajamarcaense Poelln. = Diora cajamarcaensis (Poelln.) Ravenna

Reference: Ravenna, P., 1987: 191. 


$


 Anthericum coarctatum Ruiz & Pav.


Anthericum coarctatum Ruiz & Pav. = Excremis coarctata (Ruiz & Pav.) Baker

Reference: FP 1187: 619. 


$


 Anthericum coeruleum Ruiz & Pav.


Anthericum coeruleum Ruiz & Pav. = Pasithea coerulea (Ruiz & Pavon) D. Don

Reference: FP 1187: 619. 


$


 Anthericum collinum Ravenna



Anthericum collinum Ravenna

Reference: Ravenna, P., 1988: 26. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. . 
Voucher: Ravenna 3329* (Hb. Ravenna, K)
Departments: Arequipa.


$


 Anthericum eccremorrhizum Ruiz & Pav.



Anthericum eccremorrhizum Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1187: 622; Smith, D. N., 1988: 142. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-III, Coastal: cloud forests, lomas, rocky slopes. 0-4000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* , Ferreyra 6559 (MOL!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Anthericum glareosum Ravenna



Anthericum glareosum Ravenna

Reference: Ravenna, P., 1988: 29. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: L&oacute;pez s.n.* (Hb. Ravenna, K)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Anthericum glaucum Ruiz & Pav.



Anthericum glaucum Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1187: 622. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas, shrublands, rocky slopes. 500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* , Weberbauer 6481 (MOL!)
Departments: Ancash, Jun&iacute;n, Huancavelica, Lima, Tacna.


$


 Anthericum herrerae Killip



Anthericum herrerae Killip

Reference: Flora Peru: 1187: 623. 
Ecology. 3000-3500 m. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Anthericum machupiccense Ravenna



Anthericum machupiccense Ravenna

Reference: Ravenna, P., 1988: 27. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Ravenna 3140* (Hb. Ravenna, K)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Anthericum stenanthum Ravenna


Anthericum stenanthum Ravenna = Diamena stenantha (Ravenna) Ravenna

Reference: Ravenna, P., 1987: 188. 


$


 Anthericum ticsanianum Ravenna



Anthericum ticsanianum Ravenna

Reference: Ravenna, P., 1988: 28. 
Ecology. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ravenna 3162* (Hb. Ravenna, K)
Departments: Moquegua.


$


 Anthericum viruense Ravenna



Anthericum viruense Ravenna

Reference: Ravenna, P., 1967: 146. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Coastal: lomas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Angulo s.n.* (TRUX), Angulo s.n. (TRUX)
Departments: La Libertad.


$


 Anthistiria pilosa J. Presl


Anthistiria pilosa J. Presl = Hyparrhenia bracteata (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Stapf

Reference: FP 719: 253. 


$


 Anthobryum triandrum (E. J. Remy) Surgis


Anthobryum triandrum (E. J. Remy) Surgis = Frankenia triandra E. J. Remy

Reference: Whalen, M. A., 1987: 62. 


$


 Anthochloa lepida Nees & Meyen


Anthochloa lepida Nees & Meyen = Anthochloa lepidula Nees & Meyen

Reference: FP 719: 141. 


$


 Anthochloa lepidula Nees & Meyen



Anthochloa lepidula Nees & Meyen

Synonyms: Anthochloa lepidula Nees & Meyen
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 141. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 2000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Meyen s.n.* (LE), Smith et al. 10678 (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Huancavelica, Lima, Moquegua, Puno.


$


 Anthodiscus amazonicus Gleason & Smith



Anthodiscus amazonicus Gleason & Smith

Reference: Prance, G. T. & M. Freitas da Silva, 1973: 64. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Pariona & Sebasti&aacute;n 77 (MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios, Pasco.


$


 Anthodiscus glaucescens J.F. Macbr.


Anthodiscus glaucescens J.F. Macbr. = Anthodiscus peruanus Baill.

Reference: FP 1308: 701; Prance, G. T. & M. Freitas da Silva, 1973: 62. 


$


 Anthodiscus gutierrezii L.O. Williams


Anthodiscus gutierrezii L.O. Williams = Anthodiscus peruanus Baill.

Reference: Prance, G. T. & M. Freitas da Silva, 1973: 62. 


$


 Anthodiscus klugii Standl. ex Prance



Anthodiscus klugii Standl. ex Prance

Reference: Prance, G. T. & M. Freitas da Silva, 1973: 58; Encarnaci&oacute;n, F. & R. Spichiger, 1981: 341. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Klug 2682* (NY), Gentry & Jaramillo 57613 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Anthodiscus peruanus Baill.



Anthodiscus peruanus Baill.

Synonyms: Anthodiscus peruanus J.F. Macbr., Anthodiscus peruanus L.O. Williams
Reference: Flora Peru: 1308: 702; Prance, G. T. & M. Freitas da Silva, 1973: 62. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Rivero C13* (P photo MO), Guti&eacute;rrez 14 (MOL)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Anthodiscus pilosus Ducke



Anthodiscus pilosus Ducke

Reference: Flora Peru: 1308: 702; Prance, G. T. & M. Freitas da Silva, 1973: 59; Encarnaci&oacute;n, F. & R. Spichiger, 1981: 343. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ducke 1855* (F), V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 9635 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Anthodiscus trifoliatus G.F.W. Mey.



Anthodiscus trifoliatus G.F.W. Mey.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1308: 703; Prance, G. T. & M. Freitas da Silva, 1973: 59. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   The specimen listed in the Flora of Peru is redetermined by Prance & Freitas da Silva (1973) as A. klugii. 


$


 Anthodon decussatum Ruiz & Pav.



Anthodon decussatum Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Anthodon decussatum (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) G. Don, Anthodon decussatum (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) M. Vahl, Anthodon decussatum (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Peyritsch, Anthodon decussatum (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Poir., Anthodon decussatum Pers.
Reference: Flora Peru: 689: 219. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz 13335* (B photo F!), Foster 5673 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Anthodon grandiflorus Benth.


Anthodon grandiflorus Benth. = Salacia impressifolia (Miers) A.C. Sm.

Reference: FP 689: 212. 


$


 Anthopterus mucronatus Benth.


Anthopterus mucronatus Benth. = Themistoclesia mucronata (Benth.) Sleumer

Reference: FP 1325: 66. 
Note: NN  


$


 Anthopterus racemosus Hooker



Anthopterus racemosus Hooker

Synonyms: Anthopterus racemosus (Hooker) Hoerold
Reference: Flora Peru: 1325: 91; Luteyn, J. L., 1987: 110. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. . 
Note: The type is incomplete so the identity is uncertain.  
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* 
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Anthosiphon pseudobulbosus (C. Schweinf.) Garay


Anthosiphon pseudobulbosus (C. Schweinf.) Garay = Cryptocentrum pseudobulbosum C. Schweinf.

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Anthoxanthum odoratum L.



Anthoxanthum odoratum L.

Reference: Pohl, R. W., 1980: 48. 
Ecology: Introduced herb. Andean III: disturbed areas, grasslands. 3500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Bernardi 16627 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Huancavelica.


$


 Anthriscus nodiflora Koso-Pol.


Anthriscus nodiflora Koso-Pol. = Torilis nodosa (L.) Gaertn.

Reference: FP 1293: 97. 


$



$


 Anthurium alienatum Schott


Anthurium alienatum Schott = Anthurium rubrinervium (Link) G. Don

Reference: FP 853: 447. 


$


 Anthurium amoenum Kunth & Bouche



Anthurium amoenum Kunth & Bouche

$


 Anthurium amoenum var.humile (Schott) Engl.



Anthurium amoenum var. humile (Schott) Engl.

Synonyms: Anthurium amoenum humile Schott
Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 447; Croat, T. B. & N. Lambert, 1986: 7. 
Voucher: Klug 316 
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Puno.


$


 Anthurium apaporanum R.E. Schult.



Anthurium apaporanum R.E. Schult.

Reference: Schultes, R. E., 1958: 115; Croat, T. B. & N. Lambert, 1986: 7. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Croat 20891 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Pasco, Ucayali.


$


 Anthurium atropurpureum Schultes & Maguire var.atropurpureum



Anthurium atropurpureum Schultes & Maguire var. atropurpureum 

Reference: Croat, T. B., 1991: 602. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: forests on white sand. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Croat 51180 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Anthurium atropurpureum var.arenicola Croat



Anthurium atropurpureum var. arenicola Croat

Reference: Croat, T. B., 1991: 604. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Croat 18560 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Anthurium barclayanum Engl.



Anthurium barclayanum Engl.

Reference: Croat, T. B., 1991: 607. 
Ecology: epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Simpson & Schunke 394 (F!)
Departments: Tumbes.


$


 Anthurium basirotundum Croat



Anthurium basirotundum Croat

Reference: Croat, T. B., 1991: 609. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Plowman 5980A* (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Anthurium brevipedunculatum Madison



Anthurium brevipedunculatum Madison

Reference: Madison, M. T., 1978: 275. 
Ecology: epiphytic herb, hemiepiphyte. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Klug 514* (US), V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 8281 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Anthurium breviscapum Poepp.



Anthurium breviscapum Poepp.

Synonyms: Anthurium breviscapum Engl., Anthurium breviscapum Schott
Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 447. 
Ecology: epiphytic herb, vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 1283* (W), Smith 6709 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Anthurium burchellianum (Engl.) J.F. Macbr.


Anthurium burchellianum (Engl.) J.F. Macbr. = Anthurium clavigerum Poepp.

Reference: FP 853: 448; Croat, T. B., 1983: 277. 


$


 Anthurium cainarachense Engl.



Anthurium cainarachense Engl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 448. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Ule 6326* (B)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Anthurium caramantae Engl.



Anthurium caramantae Engl.

Reference: Engler, A., 1905: 266. 
Ecology: Native herb. . 
Voucher: Soukup 1943 (F!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Anthurium carneospadix Engl.



Anthurium carneospadix Engl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 448. 
Ecology. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 11887* (B), Hutchison 1198 (F!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Anthurium clavigerum Poepp.



Anthurium clavigerum Poepp.

Synonyms: Anthurium clavigerum (Engl.) J.F. Macbr., Anthurium clavigerum Engl., Anthurium clavigerum Martius ex Schott
Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 448; Croat, T. B., 1983: 276. 
Ecology. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 1423* (W), V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 8364 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Anthurium consimile Schott



Anthurium consimile Schott

Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 449. 
Ecology: Native herb. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Poeppig 1083* (F photo MO!)


$


 Anthurium corallinum Poepp.



Anthurium corallinum Poepp.

Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 449. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 1723* , Plowman et al. 11258 (F!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Anthurium coripatense N.E. Br. ex Engl.



Anthurium coripatense N.E. Br. ex Engl.

Reference: Engler, A., 1905: 255. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: forests. 1500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Smith & V&aacute;squez 4690 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Anthurium croatii Madison



Anthurium croatii Madison

Reference: Madison, M. T., 1978: 268. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Croat 20866* (MO!), Sullivan & Young 1166 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Anthurium cuspidifolium Schott


Anthurium cuspidifolium Schott = Anthurium oerstedianum Schott

Reference: FP 853: 449; Croat, T. B., 1983: 336. 
Note: NN   


$


 Anthurium decurrens Poepp.



Anthurium decurrens Poepp.

Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 449. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 2293* (G), Foster 11943 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.


$


 Anthurium dombeyanum Brongn. ex Schott



Anthurium dombeyanum Brongn. ex Schott

Synonyms: Anthurium dombeyanum Engl., Anthurium dombeyanum Engl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 449; Croat, T. B., 1991: 640. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-3500 m. 
Voucher: Dombey  s.n.* (P), Croat 50969 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Anthurium eminens Schott



Anthurium eminens Schott

Synonyms: Anthurium eminens Engler, nom. nud.
Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 450; Madison, M. T., 1978: 272. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb, vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 1558* (W photo F), V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 9738 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Anthurium ernestii Engl.



Anthurium ernestii Engl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 450; Croat, T. B., 1991: 642. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Ule 6325* (B!), Ancuash 1260 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Anthurium flavescens Poepp.



Anthurium flavescens Poepp.

Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 450. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 1721* (W!), Woytkowski 5007 (F!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Anthurium formosum Schott



Anthurium formosum Schott

Reference: Croat, T. B. & N. Lambert, 1986: 30. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: disturbed areas. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 9206 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Ucayali.


$



$


 Anthurium galactospadix Croat



Anthurium galactospadix Croat

Reference: Croat, T. B., 1991: 654. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: D&iacute;az et al. 753 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Ucayali.


$


 Anthurium gracile (Rudge) Schott



Anthurium gracile (Rudge) Schott

Synonyms: Anthurium gracile (Ham.) Kunth, Anthurium gracile Ham., Anthurium gracile Rudge
Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 450; Bunting, G., 1979: 165. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Revilla 3759 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Anthurium gracilipedunculatum K. Krause



Anthurium gracilipedunculatum K. Krause

Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 451. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Macbride 3734* (F!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Anthurium gracillimum Engl.



Anthurium gracillimum Engl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 451. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Anthurium harlingianum Croat



Anthurium harlingianum  Croat

Reference: Croat, T. B., 1991: 659. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I-II: forests. 500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Croat 58162 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Anthurium huallagense Engl.



Anthurium huallagense Engl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 451. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 3660* (B)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Anthurium huamaliesense Engl.


Anthurium huamaliesense Engl. = Anthurium breviscapum Poepp.

Reference: FP 853: 451. 


$


 Anthurium huanucense Engl.



Anthurium huanucense Engl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 452. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 3449* (B)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Anthurium humile Schott


Anthurium humile Schott = Anthurium amoenum var. humile (Schott) Engl.

Reference: Croat, T. B. & N. Lambert, 1986: 7. 


$


 Anthurium idmense K. Krause



Anthurium idmense K. Krause

Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 452. 
Ecology. 1500-2000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 5036* (B)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Anthurium indecorum Schott


Anthurium indecorum Schott = Anthurium breviscapum Poepp.

Reference: FP 853: 452. 


$


 Anthurium interruptum Sodiro



Anthurium interruptum Sodiro

Reference: Croat, T. B., 1983: 117. 
Ecology. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Timan&aacute; 1074 (MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios, Ucayali.


$


 Anthurium knappiae Croat



Anthurium knappiae Croat

Reference: Croat, T. B., 1991: 665. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Knapp et al. 8544* (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Anthurium kunthii Poepp.



Anthurium kunthii Poepp.

Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 452; Croat, T. B., 1983: 307. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (W), V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 3572 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Anthurium latissimum Engl.



Anthurium latissimum Engl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 453; Croat, T. B., 1991: 668. 
Ecology. 1000-2000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 1939* (MO!), Killip & Smith 24612 (US photo MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Anthurium lechlerianum Schott



Anthurium lechlerianum Schott

Synonyms: Anthurium lechlerianum Engl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 453; Croat, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 3513* (B!), Bang 2582 (NY!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, Madre de Dios, Puno.


$


 Anthurium linearifolium Engl.



Anthurium linearifolium Engl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 453. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Anthurium llewelynii Croat



Anthurium llewelynii Croat

Reference: Croat, T. B., 1991: 694. 
Ecology. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Croat 51092* (MO!), Gentry & Smith 45014 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Anthurium loretense Croat



Anthurium loretense Croat

Reference: Croat, T. B., 1991: 675. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Croat 51266* (MO!), V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 1128 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Anthurium lutescens Engl.



Anthurium lutescens Engl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 453. 
Ecology: Native herb. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 1838* (B)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Anthurium macbridei K. Krause



Anthurium macbridei K. Krause

Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 454. 
Ecology. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 4110* (F!), D&iacute;az et al. 3372 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Piura.


$


 Anthurium macleanii Schott



Anthurium macleanii Schott

Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 454. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. . 
Voucher: Maclean s.n.* (K), Weberbauer 4439 
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Anthurium manuanum Croat



Anthurium manuanum Croat

Reference: Croat, T. B., 1991: 680. 
Ecology. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 17747* (CUZ!), N&uacute;&ntilde;ez 5769 (MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios.


$


 Anthurium martini Schott


Anthurium martini Schott = Anthurium sinuatum Benth. ex Schott

Reference: FP 583: 454. 
Note: NN  


$


 Anthurium microspadix Schott



Anthurium microspadix Schott

Reference: Croat, T. B., 1983: 140. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: rocky slopes. 1000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Foster 9124A (MO!)
Departments: Pasco, Ucayali.


$


 Anthurium monzonense Engl.



Anthurium monzonense Engl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 454. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 3562* (B)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Anthurium nervosum K. Krause



Anthurium nervosum K. Krause

Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 454. 
Ecology. 1000-1500 m. 
Note: According to Croat (pers. comm.) this taxon is possibly not distinct from A. weberbaueri. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4648* 
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Anthurium oblongo-cordatum Engl.



Anthurium oblongo-cordatum Engl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 455. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   According to Croat (pers. comm.) this taxon is unlikely to be found in Peru. 


$


 Anthurium oerstedianum Schott



Anthurium oerstedianum Schott

Synonyms: Anthurium oerstedianum Schott
Reference: Croat, T. B., 1983: 336. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Anthurium ottonis K. Krause



Anthurium ottonis K. Krause

Reference: Croat, T. B., 1991: 688. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & D&iacute;az 58638 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Pasco, Puno.


$


 Anthurium ovatifolium Engl.



Anthurium ovatifolium Engl.

Reference: Engler, A., 1905: 186. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: cloud forests. 1000-2500 m. 
Note:   
Voucher: Barbour 2540 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto.


$


 Anthurium oxycarpum Poepp.



Anthurium oxycarpum Poepp.

Synonyms: Anthurium oxycarpum N.E. Br. ex Engl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 455; Croat, T. B., 1991: 689. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m. 
Note:   
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (G), Foster 9902 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Anthurium pachylaminum Croat



Anthurium pachylaminum Croat

Reference: Croat, T. B., 1991: 693. 
Ecology: Endemic epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Andean I: forests, riversides. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Croat 58161* (MO!), Gentry et al. 41949 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Anthurium panduratum Martius ex Schott


Anthurium panduratum Martius ex Schott = Anthurium clavigerum Poepp.

Reference: FP 853: 448; Croat, T. B., 1983: 276. 


$


 Anthurium panduratum var. burchellianum Engl.


Anthurium panduratum var. burchellianum Engl. = Anthurium clavigerum Poepp.

Reference: FP 853: 448; Croat, T. B., 1983: 277. 


$


 Anthurium paraguayense var.coroicoanum Croat



Anthurium paraguayense var. coroicoanum Croat

Reference: Croat, T. B., 1991: 600. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Wachter et al. 141 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Anthurium peltatum Poepp.



Anthurium peltatum Poepp.

Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 479. 
Ecology. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Plowman 5911 (GH)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Anthurium pendulifolium N.E. Br.



Anthurium pendulifolium N.E. Br.

Reference: Croat, T. B., 1991: 699. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Knapp 8262 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Anthurium penningtonii Croat



Anthurium penningtonii Croat

Reference: Croat, T. B., 1991: 701. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Andean II: forests. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 45504 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Anthurium pentaphyllum (Aubl.) G. Don



Anthurium pentaphyllum (Aubl.) G. Don

$


 Anthurium pentaphyllum (Aubl.) G. Don var.pentaphyllum



Anthurium pentaphyllum (Aubl.) G. Don var. pentaphyllum 

Synonyms: Anthurium pentaphyllum pentaphyllum Aubl., Anthurium pentaphyllum pentaphyllum Schott
Reference: Croat, T. B. & N. Lambert, 1986: 49; Madison, M. T., 1978: 276. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: forests on white sand. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Croat 58001 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Anthurium peruvianum Engl.


Anthurium peruvianum Engl. = Anthurium lechlerianum Schott

Reference: FP 853: 455. 


$


 Anthurium pittieri Engl.



Anthurium pittieri Engl.

Reference: Croat, T. B., 1983: 157. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ancuash 1230 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Anthurium plowmanii Croat



Anthurium plowmanii Croat

Reference: Croat, T. B., 1991: 702. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 37733 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Anthurium pohlianum Engl.



Anthurium pohlianum Engl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 455. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Andean I: forests. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 2405 (F!)
Departments: Tumbes.


$


 Anthurium polydactylum Madison



Anthurium polydactylum Madison

Reference: Madison, M. T., 1978: 275. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean II: forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Klug 514 (US)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Anthurium polyschistum R.E. Schult. & Idrobo



Anthurium polyschistum R.E. Schult. & Idrobo

Reference: Madison, M. T., 1978: 274. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Note:   
Voucher: Killip & Smith 29744 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Anthurium reflexinervium Croat



Anthurium reflexinervium Croat

Reference: Croat, T. B., 1991: 713. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I: rocky slopes. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Plowman & Ram&iacute;rez 7585* (MO!), Croat 57949 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Anthurium regale Linden



Anthurium regale Linden

Reference: Engler, A., 1905: 191. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I: disturbed areas. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Wallis s.n.* (K), Croat 58059 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Anthurium remotigeniculatum Croat



Anthurium remotigeniculatum Croat

Reference: Croat, T. B., 1991: 714. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: rocky slopes. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Croat 58114* (MO!), Croat 58360 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Anthurium rigidissimum Engl.


Anthurium rigidissimum Engl. = Anthurium dombeyanum Brongn. ex Schott

Reference: FP 853: 456; Croat, T. B., 1991: 640. 


$


 Anthurium rigidissimum var. mutatum Engl.


Anthurium rigidissimum var. mutatum Engl. = Anthurium dombeyanum Brongn. ex Schott

Reference: Croat, T. B., 1991: 640. 


$


 Anthurium rubrinervium (Link) G. Don



Anthurium rubrinervium (Link) G. Don

Synonyms: Anthurium rubrinervium Engl., Anthurium rubrinervium Link, Anthurium rubrinervium Schott, Anthurium rubrinervium Schott
Reference: Croat, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 8446 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Anthurium scandens (Aubl.) Engl.



Anthurium scandens (Aubl.) Engl.

$


 Anthurium scandens (Aubl.) Engl. subsp.scandens



Anthurium scandens (Aubl.) Engl. subsp. scandens 

Synonyms: Anthurium scandens scandens Aubl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 456; Sheffer, R., W. Theobald & H. Kamemoto, 1980: 89. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb, vine. Andean I-II: cloud forests, rocky slopes. 500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 13663 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$



$


 Anthurium schunkei K. Krause



Anthurium schunkei K. Krause

Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 456. 
Ecology. 1000-1500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.     
Voucher: Schunke 293* (F!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Anthurium scolopendrinum (Ham.) Kunth


Anthurium scolopendrinum (Ham.) Kunth = Anthurium gracile (Rudge) Schott

Reference: FP 853: 457. 


$


 Anthurium siccisilvarum K. Krause



Anthurium siccisilvarum K. Krause

Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 457. 
Ecology. 500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Macbryde 4048* (G), D&iacute;az & Campos 3603 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Pasco.


$


 Anthurium simpsonii Croat



Anthurium simpsonii Croat

Reference: Croat, T. B., 1991: 728. 
Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Simpson & Schunke 392* (MO!)
Departments: Tumbes.


$


 Anthurium sinuatum Benth. ex Schott



Anthurium sinuatum Benth. ex Schott

Synonyms: Anthurium sinuatum Schott
Reference: Madison, M. T., 1978: 269. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Anthurium sororium Schott


Anthurium sororium Schott = Anthurium rubrinervium (Link) G. Don

Reference: FP 853: 457. 


$


 Anthurium soukupii Croat



Anthurium soukupii Croat

Reference: Croat, T. B., 1991: 730. 
Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. Andean I-II: forests. 500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Peyton & Peyton 1486* (MO!), Dillon et al. 4385A (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco.


$


 Anthurium strictum N.E. Br. ex Engl.


Anthurium strictum N.E. Br. ex Engl. = Anthurium oxycarpum Poepp.

Reference: FP 853: 458. 


$


 Anthurium superbum Madison



Anthurium superbum Madison

$


 Anthurium superbum subsp.brentberlinii Croat



Anthurium superbum subsp. brentberlinii Croat

Reference: Croat, T. B., 1991: 737. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Berlin 513* (MO!), Kayap 2007 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Anthurium surinamensis Miq.


Anthurium surinamensis Miq. = Philodendron surinamense (Miq. ex Schott) Engl.

Reference: Engler, A., 1905: 295. 


$


 Anthurium tarapotense Engl.



Anthurium tarapotense Engl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 458; Croat, T. B., 1991: 737. 
Ecology: Endemic epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ule 5P* (B photo F!), Knapp 8349 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Anthurium tenuispadix Engl.


Anthurium tenuispadix Engl. = Anthurium uleanum var. uleanum 

Reference: FP 853: 458. 


$


 Anthurium terrestre Engl.


Anthurium terrestre Engl. = Anthurium rubrinervium (Link) G. Don

Reference: FP 853: 458; Croat, pers. comm.. 


$


 Anthurium tessmannii K. Krause


Anthurium tessmannii K. Krause = Anthurium uleanum var. uleanum 

Reference: FP 853: 458. 


$


 Anthurium trinerve Miq.



Anthurium trinerve Miq.

Reference: Croat, T. B., 1983: 191. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 9472 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Anthurium triphyllum Brongn. ex Schott



Anthurium triphyllum Brongn. ex Schott

Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 459; Madison, M. T., 1978: 257; Croat, T. B. & N. Lambert, 1986: 59. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I-II: forests. 1000-2000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 1212* (B), Smith 4345 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Anthurium truncicolum Engl.



Anthurium truncicolum Engl.

Reference: Madison, M. T., 1978: 258. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez 3118 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto.


$


 Anthurium uleanum Engl.



Anthurium uleanum Engl.

$


 Anthurium uleanum var.nanayense Croat



Anthurium uleanum var. nanayense Croat

Reference: Croat, T. B., 1991: 742. 
Ecology: Endemic epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Amazonian: forests on white sand. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Solomon 3562* (MO!), Croat 51207 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Anthurium uleanum var.uleanum



Anthurium uleanum var. uleanum 

Synonyms: Anthurium uleanum uleanum Engl., Anthurium uleanum uleanum K. Krause
Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 459; Croat, T. B., 1991: 739. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Voucher not determined to variety. 
Voucher: Lewis et al. 11044 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.


$


 Anthurium undatum Schott


Anthurium undatum Schott = Anthurium pentaphyllum (Aubl.) G. Don var. pentaphyllum 

Reference: FP 853: 459; Madison, M. T., 1978: 277. 


$


 Anthurium variegatum Sodiro



Anthurium variegatum Sodiro

Reference: Engler, A., 1905: 237. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: cloud forests. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Barbour 2736 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Anthurium vaupesianum Croat



Anthurium vaupesianum Croat

Reference: Croat, T. B., 1991: 746. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 42695 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Anthurium vittariifolium Engl.



Anthurium vittariifolium Engl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 459. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: McDaniel & Rimachi 29486 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$



$


 Anthurium weberbaueri Engl.



Anthurium weberbaueri Engl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 459. 
Ecology. 500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 543* (B), Smith 5377 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Pasco, Puno.


$


 Anthurium willifordii Croat



Anthurium willifordii Croat

Reference: Croat, T. B., 1991: 752. 
Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Croat 61087* (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Anthurium wittianum Engler, nom. nud.


Anthurium wittianum Engler, nom. nud. = Anthurium eminens Schott

Reference: FP 853: 460. 


$


 Anthurium yurimaguense Engl.



Anthurium yurimaguense Engl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 460. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Ule 6307* 
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Antidaphne andina Kuijt



Antidaphne andina Kuijt

Reference: Kuijt, J., 1986: 7; Kuijt, J., 1988: 22. 
Ecology: Native parasitic shrub. Andean II: forests, shrublands. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: van der Werff et al. 8583 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Pasco.


$


 Antidaphne punctulata (Clos) Kuijt



Antidaphne punctulata (Clos) Kuijt

Synonyms: Antidaphne punctulata (Clos) Griseb., Antidaphne punctulata Clos
Reference: Flora Peru: 1238: 378; Kuijt, J., 1988: 28. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Antidaphne viscoidea Poepp. & Endl.



Antidaphne viscoidea Poepp. & Endl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1238: 378; Kuijt, J., 1986: 5; Kuijt, J., 1988: 33. 
Ecology: Native parasitic shrub. Andean I-II: forests. 500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 1308* (B photo F!), Woytkowski 7345 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Pasco, Piura, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Antidesma triplinervia Spreng.


Antidesma triplinervia Spreng. = Alchornea triplinervia (Spreng.) M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: FP 674: 150. 


$


 Antigonon grandiflorum (Bertol.) Robinson


Antigonon grandiflorum (Bertol.) Robinson = Antigonon guatemalense Meisn.

Reference: Burger, W., 1983: 101. 


$


 Antigonon guatemalense Meisn.



Antigonon guatemalense Meisn.

Synonyms: Antigonon guatemalense (Bertol.) Robinson, Antigonon guatemalense Bertol.
Reference: Burger, W., 1983: 101. 
Ecology: Cultivated vine. Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Note: Check locality:  Callad--patio of Colegia Amer.  
Voucher: Robertson & Austin 2 (MO!)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Antigonon leptopus Hook. & Arn.



Antigonon leptopus Hook. & Arn.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1251: 445; Brandbyge, J., 1989: 5. 
Ecology: Cultivated liana, vine. Andean I: disturbed areas. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: N&uacute;&ntilde;ez & C&aacute;rdenas 10289 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Antiphytum walpersii A. DC.


Antiphytum walpersii A. DC. = Plagiobothrys kunthii (Walpers) I.M. Johnst.

Reference: FP 1285: 600; Johnston, I. M., 1927: 84. 


$


 Antirrhinum canadense L.


Antirrhinum canadense L. = Linaria canadensis (L.) Dum. Cours.

Reference: FP 1361: 684. 


$


 Antirrhinum canadense var. assurgens Raf.


Antirrhinum canadense var. assurgens Raf. = Linaria canadensis (L.) Dum. Cours.

Reference: FP 1361: 684. 


$


 Antirrhinum majus L.



Antirrhinum majus L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 462. 


$



$


 Antrophyum cajenense (Desv.) Spreng.


Antrophyum cajenense (Desv.) Spreng. = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 222. 


$


 Antrophyum discoideum Kunze


Antrophyum discoideum Kunze = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 222. 


$


 Antrophyum guayanense Hieron.


Antrophyum guayanense Hieron. = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 224. 


$


 Antrophyum lineatum (Sw.) Kaulf.


Antrophyum lineatum (Sw.) Kaulf. = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 222. 


$



$


 Apalanthe granatensis (Humb. & Bonpl.) Planch.



Apalanthe granatensis (Humb. & Bonpl.) Planch.

Synonyms: Apalanthe granatensis Humb. & Bonpl., Apalanthe granatensis Richard
Reference: Cook, C. D. K., 1985: 157; Haynes, R. R. & L. B. Holm-Nielsen, 1986: 39. 
Ecology: Native aquatic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: submerged. 0-1500 m. 
Note: Cook (1985) recognized Apalanthe as a genus distinct from Elodea, whereas  Haynes & Holm-Nielsen (1986b) maintain it as a subgenus of Elodea. 
Voucher: Barbour 5445 (MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios.


$


 Apalatoa glaberrima (Steud.) Taub.


Apalatoa glaberrima (Steud.) Taub. = Crudia glaberrima (Steud.) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 21: 122; Amshoff, G. J. H., 1953: 80; Vieira, M. das G. G., 1990: 96. 


$


 Apalatoa tomentosa (Aubl.) Taub.


Apalatoa tomentosa (Aubl.) Taub. = Crudia tomentosa (Aubl.) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 21: 123; Amshoff, G. J. H., 1953: 81; Vieira, M. das G. G., 1990: 93. 
Note: NN  


$


 Apargia chillensis Kunth


Apargia chillensis Kunth = Hypochaeris chillensis (Kunth) Hieron.

Reference: Hieronymus, G., 1901: 84; Cabrera, A. L., 1976: 313. 


$


 Aparisthmium cordatum (Juss.) Baill.



Aparisthmium cordatum (Juss.) Baill.

Synonyms: Aparisthmium cordatum (Juss.) M&uuml;ll. Arg., Aparisthmium cordatum Juss.
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 151. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests on white sand. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Mexia 6273 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Apatelia biserrata (R. & P.) DC.


Apatelia biserrata (R. & P.) DC. = Saurauia biserrata (Ruiz & Pav.) Spreng.

Reference: FP 1306: 679; Soejarto, D. D., 1980: 91. 


$


 Apatelia lanceolata (R. & P.) DC.


Apatelia lanceolata (R. & P.) DC. = Saurauia biserrata (Ruiz & Pav.) Spreng.

Reference: FP 1306: 679; Soejarto, D. D., 1980: 91. 


$


 Apatelia lanceolata var. peduncularis DC.


Apatelia lanceolata var. peduncularis DC. = Saurauia biserrata (Ruiz & Pav.) Spreng.

Reference: FP 1306: 679; Soejarto, D. D., 1980: 91. 


$


 Apeiba albiflora Ducke



Apeiba albiflora Ducke

Reference: Flora Peru: 1301: 427; Setser, H., 1977: 30. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Apeiba hirsuta Lam.


Apeiba hirsuta Lam. = Apeiba tibourbou Aubl.

Reference: FP 1301: 427. 


$


 Apeiba membranacea Spruce ex Benth.


Apeiba membranacea Spruce ex Benth. = Apeiba aspera Aubl.

Reference: FP 1301: 426; Setser, H., 1977: 40. 


$


 Apeiba schomburgkii Szyszylowicz



Apeiba schomburgkii Szyszylowicz

Reference: Flora Peru: 1301: 427; Setser, H., 1977: 35. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Apeiba tibourbou Aubl.



Apeiba tibourbou Aubl.

Synonyms: Apeiba tibourbou Lam., Apeiba tibourbou Szyszylowicz
Reference: Flora Peru: 1301: 427; Setser, H., 1977: 18. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides. 0-1000 m. 
Note: Setser (1977) does not list A. tibourbou var. rugosa in synonymy under A. tibourbou, nor otherwise deal with it. 
Voucher: Klug 4034 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Apeiba tibourbou var. rugosa Szyszylowicz


Apeiba tibourbou var. rugosa Szyszylowicz = Apeiba tibourbou Aubl.

Reference: FP 1301: 427. 


$


 Aphanactis villosa S.F. Blake



Aphanactis villosa S.F. Blake

Reference: Blake, S. F., 1926: 216; Turner, B. L., 1980: 40. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands, rocky slopes, shrublands. 2000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 3297* (F!), Hutchison & Wright 4395 (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lambayeque.


$


 Aphanes alata Steud.


Aphanes alata Steud. = Alchemilla pinnata Ruiz & Pav.

$


 Aphanes andicola Rothmaler



Aphanes andicola Rothmaler

Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1109. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: grasslands. 4000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 5454* (B), Vargas 3184 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco.


$


 Aphanes orbiculata (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.


Aphanes orbiculata (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers. = Alchemilla orbiculata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 635: 1112. 


$


 Aphanes pinnata (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.


Aphanes pinnata (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers. = Alchemilla pinnata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 635: 1113. 


$


 Aphanostelma parviflorum (Malme) Malme


Aphanostelma parviflorum (Malme) Malme = Mitostigma parviflorum Malme

Reference: Malme, G., 1932: 11. 


$


 Aphelandra acanthifolia Hook.



Aphelandra acanthifolia Hook.

Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 21. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean II: disturbed areas, riversides, rocky slopes. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (K), D&iacute;az & Balde&oacute;n 2435 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, La Libertad, Piura, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Aphelandra acanthus Nees



Aphelandra acanthus Nees

Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 18. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean II: forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Soukup 2403 (US!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Aphelandra acrensis Lindau



Aphelandra acrensis Lindau

Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 111. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Maas et al. 5963 (US!, USM!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Aphelandra acutifolia Tafalla ex Nees


Aphelandra acutifolia Tafalla ex Nees = ?  

$


 Aphelandra aurantiaca (Scheidw.) Lindl. var.aurantiaca



Aphelandra aurantiaca (Scheidw.) Lindl. var. aurantiaca 

Synonyms: Aphelandra aurantiaca aurantiaca Ruiz & Pav., Aphelandra aurantiaca aurantiaca Scheidw.
Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 56. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Smith & Palacios 2654 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Aphelandra aurantiaca var.nitens (Hook.) Wassh.



Aphelandra aurantiaca var. nitens (Hook.) Wassh.

Synonyms: Aphelandra aurantiaca nitens Hook.
Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 58. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 1130 (US!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Aphelandra aurantiaca var.stenophylla Standl.



Aphelandra aurantiaca var. stenophylla Standl.

Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 58. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 8142 (US!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Aphelandra cajatambensis Lindau


Aphelandra cajatambensis Lindau = Aphelandra lyrata Nees

Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 37. 


$


 Aphelandra campii Wassh.



Aphelandra campii Wassh.

Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 111. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I-II: cloud forests. 500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 22912 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Aphelandra castanaefolia Britton ex Rusby



Aphelandra castanaefolia Britton ex Rusby

Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 36. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I: disturbed areas. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Wasshausen & Encarnaci&oacute;n 757 (USM!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Aphelandra chartacea T. Anderson


Aphelandra chartacea T. Anderson = Ruellia chartacea (T. Anderson) Wassh.

Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1987: 265. 


$


 Aphelandra cirsioides Lindau



Aphelandra cirsioides Lindau

Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 30. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: forests. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 3901* (B), Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 8858 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Piura.


$


 Aphelandra cuscoensis Wassh.



Aphelandra cuscoensis Wassh.

Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 38. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Vargas 15415* (US)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Aphelandra dasyantha Wassh.



Aphelandra dasyantha Wassh.

Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 27. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I: disturbed areas. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: S&eacute;n&egrave;ge s.n.* (P), Gentry et al. 23092 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Aphelandra diffusa Wassh.



Aphelandra diffusa Wassh.

Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 123. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: disturbed areas. 1000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui & Cabanillas 8659 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Piura.


$


 Aphelandra eurystoma Mildbr.



Aphelandra eurystoma Mildbr.

Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 19. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I-II: disturbed areas. 1000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7876* (US), Metcalf 30549 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, La Libertad, Puno.


$


 Aphelandra ferreyrae Wassh.



Aphelandra ferreyrae Wassh.

Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 67. 
Ecology: Endemic herb, shrub. Andean I: forests, riversides. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 4333* (US!), Schunke 8091 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Aphelandra formosa (Humb. & Bonpl.) Nees



Aphelandra formosa (Humb. & Bonpl.) Nees

Synonyms: Aphelandra formosa Humb. & Bonpl.
Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 30. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland s.n.* (P), Hutchison & Wright 5039 (US!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Aphelandra glabrata Willd. ex Nees



Aphelandra glabrata Willd. ex Nees

Reference: McDade, L. A., 1988: 235. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I, Coastal: forests, riversides. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 3890 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes.


$


 Aphelandra goodspeedii Standl. & F.A. Barkley



Aphelandra goodspeedii Standl. & F.A. Barkley

Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 64. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Stork & Horton 9597* (UC), Foster & Wachter 7269 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Aphelandra hapala Wassh.



Aphelandra hapala Wassh.

Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 114. 
Ecology. 1500-2000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Ferreyra 167O* (US)
Departments: Ucayali.


$


 Aphelandra hylaea Leonard



Aphelandra hylaea Leonard

Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 47. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Encarnaci&oacute;n 1132 (US!)
Departments: Madre de Dios.


$


 Aphelandra jacobinioides Lindau



Aphelandra jacobinioides Lindau

Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 120. 
Ecology: Endemic herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4663* (MOL!), Smith 3699 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Aphelandra juninensis Wassh.



Aphelandra juninensis Wassh.

Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 28. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 6537* (F)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Aphelandra latibracteata Wassh.



Aphelandra latibracteata Wassh.

Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 118. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, riversides. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 1908* (US!), Foster 8805 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Aphelandra limbatifolia Lindau



Aphelandra limbatifolia Lindau

Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 116. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I: forests. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 1200* (B photo F!), Vargas 17577 (US!)
Departments: Madre de Dios, Puno.


$


 Aphelandra luyensis Lindau



Aphelandra luyensis Lindau

Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 32. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: riversides. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 7163* (B photo F!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Aphelandra lyrata Nees



Aphelandra lyrata Nees

Synonyms: Aphelandra lyrata Lindau
Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 37. 
Ecology. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 782* (K frag. US), Sag&aacute;stegui 2985 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Aphelandra macrosiphon Lindau



Aphelandra macrosiphon Lindau

Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 38. 
Ecology. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Rauh & Hirsch P-1304 (F)
Departments: Cuzco, Madre de Dios.


$


 Aphelandra maculata (Tafalla ex Nees) Voss



Aphelandra maculata (Tafalla ex Nees) Voss

Synonyms: Aphelandra maculata Tafalla ex Nees
Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 65. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 23088 (US!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Aphelandra montis-scalaris Lindau ex Pilger



Aphelandra montis-scalaris Lindau ex Pilger

Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 118. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: forests. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Ule 6558* (K), Klug 3615 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Aphelandra mucronata (Ruiz & Pav.) Nees



Aphelandra mucronata (Ruiz & Pav.) Nees

Synonyms: Aphelandra mucronata Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 34. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, rocky slopes. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Wasshausen & Encarnaci&oacute;n 973 (US!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Aphelandra nervosa T. Anderson


Aphelandra nervosa T. Anderson = Justicia scansilis (Rizzini) V.A.W. Wassell

Reference: Wasshausen, pers. comm.. 


$


 Aphelandra nitens Hook.


Aphelandra nitens Hook. = Aphelandra aurantiaca var. nitens (Hook.) Wassh.

Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 58. 


$


 Aphelandra ochrolarynx Leonard



Aphelandra ochrolarynx Leonard

Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 70. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Foster 9210 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Aphelandra pepe-parodii Wassh.



Aphelandra pepe-parodii Wassh.

Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1976: 179. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Wasshausen & Encarnaci&oacute;n 506* (MO!), Gentry 43330 MO!
Departments: Ayacucho, Madre de Dios.


$


 Aphelandra peruviana Wassh.



Aphelandra peruviana Wassh.

Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 35. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6952* (F), Foster & Wachter 7238 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Cuzco, La Libertad, Madre de Dios.


$


 Aphelandra pulcherrima (Jacq.) Kunth



Aphelandra pulcherrima (Jacq.) Kunth

Synonyms: Aphelandra pulcherrima Jacq.
Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 88. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 2386 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes.


$


 Aphelandra rubra Wassh.



Aphelandra rubra Wassh.

Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 27. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Pearce s.n. (K)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Aphelandra superba Lindau



Aphelandra superba Lindau

Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 28. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: forests. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: The type is probably mislabeled Peru. 
Voucher: Lobb s.n.* (B photo F), Valencia 2076 (US!)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Aphelandra tessmannii Mildbr.



Aphelandra tessmannii Mildbr.

Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 67. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Tessmann 4778* (B photo F)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Aphelandra tillettii Wassh.



Aphelandra tillettii Wassh.

Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 23. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, riversides. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Tillett 673-291* (US), Young et al. 397 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Pasco.


$


 Aphelandra viscosa Mildbr.



Aphelandra viscosa Mildbr.

Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 36. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: forests. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Raimondi 7133* (B photo F), Sag&aacute;stegui & L&oacute;pez 10674 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Aphelandra weberbaueri Mildbr.



Aphelandra weberbaueri Mildbr.

Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 33. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I-II: forests, riversides. 500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6657* (B photo F), Woytkowski 5944 (US!, USM!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Aphelandra wurdackii Wassh.



Aphelandra wurdackii Wassh.

Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1975: 32. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: forests, riversides. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Wurdack 1487* (US), Barbour 3991 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Aphelandrella modesta Mildbr.



Aphelandrella modesta Mildbr.

Reference: Mildbraed, J., 1926: 986. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian: forests, riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Tessmann 4288* (B)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Apinagia peruviana Wedd. ex Engl.



Apinagia peruviana Wedd. ex Engl.

Synonyms: Apinagia peruviana Wedd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 624: 1007; Van Royen, P., 1951: 64. 
Ecology. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Lechler 2298 (P)


$


 Apium ammi (Jacq.) Urb.


Apium ammi (Jacq.) Urb. = Ciclospermum leptophyllum var. leptophyllum 

Reference: FP 1293: 11; Constance, L., 1990: 277. 


$


 Apium ammi var. genuinum H. Wolff


Apium ammi var. genuinum H. Wolff = Ciclospermum leptophyllum var. leptophyllum 

Reference: FP 1293: 11; Constance, L., 1990: 277. 


$


 Apium ammi var. leptophyllum (Pers.) Kuntze


Apium ammi var. leptophyllum (Pers.) Kuntze = Ciclospermum leptophyllum var. leptophyllum 

Reference: FP 1293: 11; Constance, L., 1990: 277. 


$


 Apium biternatum (Phil.) Reiche


Apium biternatum (Phil.) Reiche = Ciclospermum laciniatum (DC.) Constance

Reference: FP 1293: 10; Constance, L., 1990: 278. 


$


 Apium crispum Mill.


Apium crispum Mill. = Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Nyman

Reference: FP 1293: 91. 


$


 Apium depressum M.E. Jones


Apium depressum M.E. Jones = Ciclospermum leptophyllum var. leptophyllum 

Reference: FP 1293: 11; Constance, L., 1990: 277. 


$


 Apium dissectum (Bentham) Drude


Apium dissectum (Bentham) Drude = Niphogeton dissecta (Benth.) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 1293: 81; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1951: 415; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 54. 


$


 Apium graveolens L.



Apium graveolens L.

Synonyms: Apium graveolens (L.) Britton, Apium graveolens (L.) Koso-Pol., Apium graveolens (L.) Krause, Apium graveolens (L.) Vest, Apium graveolens Bubani, Apium graveolens Roth, Apium graveolens Scop.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1293: 9; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 59. 
Ecology: Introduced herb. Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas, riversides. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Knapp 8295 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco, Lima.


$


 Apium laciniatum (DC.) Urb.


Apium laciniatum (DC.) Urb. = Ciclospermum laciniatum (DC.) Constance

Reference: FP 1293: 10; Constance, L., 1990: 277. 


$


 Apium laciniatum fo. deserticolum (Philippi) H. Wolff


Apium laciniatum fo. deserticolum (Philippi) H. Wolff = Ciclospermum laciniatum (DC.) Constance

Reference: FP 1293: 10; Constance, L., 1990: 278. 


$


 Apium laciniatum fo. elatius (Hook. & Arn.) H. Wolff


Apium laciniatum fo. elatius (Hook. & Arn.) H. Wolff = Ciclospermum leptophyllum var. leptophyllum 

Reference: FP 1293: 10; Constance, L., 1990: 277. 


$


 Apium laciniatum var. gracile (Clos ex Gay) Reiche


Apium laciniatum var. gracile (Clos ex Gay) Reiche = Ciclospermum laciniatum (DC.) Constance

Reference: FP 1293: 10; Constance, L., 1990: 278. 


$


 Apium laciniatum var. hispidulum H. Wolff


Apium laciniatum var. hispidulum H. Wolff = Ciclospermum laciniatum (DC.) Constance

Reference: FP 1293: 10; Constance, L., 1990: 278. 


$


 Apium leptophyllum (Pers.) F. Muell. ex Benth.


Apium leptophyllum (Pers.) F. Muell. ex Benth. = Ciclospermum leptophyllum var. leptophyllum 

Reference: FP 1293: 11; Constance, L., 1990: 277. 


$


 Apium leptophyllum M. G&oacute;mez


Apium leptophyllum M. G&oacute;mez = Ciclospermum leptophyllum var. leptophyllum 

Reference: FP 1293: 11. 


$


 Apium petroselinum L.


Apium petroselinum L. = Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Nyman

Reference: FP 1293: 91. 


$


 Apium scabrum H. Wolff


Apium scabrum H. Wolff = Niphogeton scabra (H. Wolff) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 1293: 83; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1951: 417. 


$


 Apium visnaga (L.) Crantz


Apium visnaga (L.) Crantz = Ammi visnaga (L.) Lam.

Reference: FP 1293: 8. 


$


 Apium vulgare Bubani


Apium vulgare Bubani = Apium graveolens L.

Reference: FP 1293: 9. 


$


 Apium weberbaueri H. Wolff


Apium weberbaueri H. Wolff = Niphogeton dissecta (Benth.) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 1293: 81; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1951: 415; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 54. 


$


 Aploleia monandra (Sw.) H. Moore


Aploleia monandra (Sw.) H. Moore = Callisia monandra (Sw.) Schultes f.

$


 Apocynum acouci Aubl.


Apocynum acouci Aubl. = Forsteronia acouci (Aubl.) A. DC.

Reference: Hansen, B. F., 1985: 212. 


$


 Apocynum nerium Aubl.


Apocynum nerium Aubl. = Anechites nerium (Aubl.) Urb.

Reference: Fallen, M. E., 1983: 228. 
Note: NN  


$


 Apodandra brachybotrya (M&uuml;ll. Arg.) J.F. Macbr.


Apodandra brachybotrya (M&uuml;ll. Arg.) J.F. Macbr. = Plukenetia brachybotrya M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: FP 674: 117. 


$


 Apodandra buchtienii (Pax) Pax & K. Hoffm.


Apodandra buchtienii (Pax) Pax & K. Hoffm. = Plukenetia buchtienii Pax

Reference: FP 674: 117. 


$


 Apodandra loretensis (Ule) Pax & K. Hoffm.


Apodandra loretensis (Ule) Pax & K. Hoffm. = Plukenetia loretensis Ule

Reference: FP 674: 118. 


$


 Apodanthera biflora Cogn.



Apodanthera biflora Cogn.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1379: 358. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 9107 (MO!)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Apodanthera cinerea Cogn.



Apodanthera cinerea Cogn.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1379: 358. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Ule 6759* (B photo F!), Ellenberg 3546 (K!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto.


$


 Apodanthera eriocalyx Cogn.



Apodanthera eriocalyx Cogn.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1379: 359. 
Ecology. 1500-2000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 5343* (B photo F!)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Apodanthera ferreyrana Mart. Crov.



Apodanthera ferreyrana Mart. Crov.

Reference: Martinez C., R., 1956: 95. 
Ecology. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 8628* (MO!), Mostacero 1062 (MO!)
Departments: La Libertad.


$


 Apodanthera herrerae Harms



Apodanthera herrerae Harms

Reference: Flora Peru: 1379: 359. 
Ecology. 3000-3500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Herrera 3038* (B)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Apodanthera latipetala Mart. Crov.



Apodanthera latipetala Mart. Crov.

Reference: Martinez C., R., 1956: 96. 
Ecology. 2000-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Vargas 9699 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Apodanthera mandonii Cogn.



Apodanthera mandonii Cogn.

Synonyms: Apodanthera mandonii Cogn., Apodanthera mandonii Cogn.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1379: 359; Jeffrey, C., 1978: 375. 
Ecology: Native vine. Andean II: grasslands, rocky slopes. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Stevens 22083 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lima, Moquegua.


$


 Apodanthera mandonii var. canscens Cogn.


Apodanthera mandonii var. canscens Cogn. = Apodanthera mandonii Cogn.

Reference: FP 1379: 359. 


$


 Apodanthera mandonii var. dissecta Cogn.


Apodanthera mandonii var. dissecta Cogn. = Apodanthera mandonii Cogn.

Reference: FP 1379: 359. 


$


 Apodanthera mathewsii Arn. ex Hook.



Apodanthera mathewsii Arn. ex Hook.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1379: 360; Jeffrey, C., 1978: 376. 
Ecology. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 932* (K), Ellenberg 3799 (U)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Apodanthera moqueguana Mart. Crov.



Apodanthera moqueguana Mart. Crov.

Reference: Martinez C., R., 1956: 94. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 7263* (F)
Departments: Moquegua.


$


 Apodanthera mucronata Cogn.



Apodanthera mucronata Cogn.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1379: 360. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (B photo F!), Mexia 4112 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Apodanthera tumbeziana Harms



Apodanthera tumbeziana Harms

Reference: Flora Peru: 1379: 360. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean I: shrublands. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7691* (F), Macbride 3959 (F)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Apodanthera weberbaueri Harms



Apodanthera weberbaueri Harms

Reference: Flora Peru: 1379: 361. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. Coastal: rocky slopes. 0-1000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 7485* (F)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Apodanthes caseariae Poit.



Apodanthes caseariae Poit.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1249: 444; G&oacute;mez, L. D., 1983: 91. 
Ecology: Native parasitic herb, shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ule 6937b (B, destroyed)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Apodina cucullaris (Lam.) Tiegh.


Apodina cucullaris (Lam.) Tiegh. = Psittacanthus cucullaris (Lam.) Blume

Reference: Kuijt, J., 1986: 179. 


$


 Apoleya leiocarpa (Vogel) Gleason


Apoleya leiocarpa (Vogel) Gleason = Apuleia leiocarpa (Vogel) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 21: 142. 


$


 Apoleya molaris (Spruce ex Benth.) Gleason


Apoleya molaris (Spruce ex Benth.) Gleason = Apuleia leiocarpa (Vogel) J.F. Macbr.

$


 Appunia brachycalyx (Bremek.) Steyerm.


Appunia brachycalyx (Bremek.) Steyerm. = Morinda brachycalyx (Bremek.) Steyerm.

Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1972: 385. 


$


 Aptandra caudata A. Gentry & Ort&iacute;z



Aptandra caudata A. Gentry & Ort&iacute;z

Reference: Gentry, A. H. & R. Ortiz, 1992: 153. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry 42178* (MO!), Pipoly 13057 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Aptandra spruceana Miers


Aptandra spruceana Miers = Aptandra tubicina (Poepp.) Benth. ex Miers

Reference: FP 1246: 427; Sleumer, H. , 1984: 113. 


$


 Aptandra tubicina (Poepp.) Benth. ex Miers



Aptandra tubicina (Poepp.) Benth. ex Miers

Synonyms: Aptandra tubicina Miers, Aptandra tubicina Poepp.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1246: 427; Sleumer, H. , 1984: 113. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 2133* (G), Klug 2698 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Aptenia cordifolia (L. f.) N.E. Br.



Aptenia cordifolia (L. f.) N.E. Br.

Synonyms: Aptenia cordifolia L. f.
Reference: Gutte, G, K. M&uuml;ller & C. M&uuml;ller, 1986: 189. 
Voucher: Gutte 4206 (LZ, USM)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Apteria aphylla (Nutt.) Barnhart ex Small



Apteria aphylla (Nutt.) Barnhart ex Small

Synonyms: Apteria aphylla Nutt.
Reference: Maas, P. J. M., H. Maas-van de Kamer, J. van Benthem, H. C. M. Snelders, & T. B&uuml;bsamen, 1986: 133. 
Ecology: Native saphrophyte. Amazonian: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & Revilla 16610 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Pasco.


$


 Apteria orobanchoides Hook.


Apteria orobanchoides Hook. = Dictyostega orobanchoides (Hook.) Miers subsp. orobanchoides 

Reference: Maas, P. J. M., H. Maas-van de Kamer, J. van Benthem, H. C. M. Snelders, & T. B&uuml;bsamen, 1986: 139. 


$


 Apuleia leiocarpa (Vogel) J.F. Macbr.



Apuleia leiocarpa (Vogel) J.F. Macbr.

Synonyms: Apuleia leiocarpa (Spruce ex Benth.) Gleason, Apuleia leiocarpa (Vogel) Gleason, Apuleia leiocarpa Mart., Apuleia leiocarpa Spruce ex Benth., Apuleia leiocarpa Vogel
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 142; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 45. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Spruce 4881 (K!)
Departments: Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Apuleia molaris Spruce ex Benth.


Apuleia molaris Spruce ex Benth. = Apuleia leiocarpa (Vogel) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 21: 142. 


$


 Apuleia praecox Mart.


Apuleia praecox Mart. = Apuleia leiocarpa (Vogel) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 21: 142; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 45. 


$


 Apurimacia boliviana (Britton) Lavin



Apurimacia boliviana (Britton) Lavin

Synonyms: Apurimacia boliviana (Rusby) Harms, Apurimacia boliviana Britton, Apurimacia boliviana Harms, Apurimacia boliviana Harms, Apurimacia boliviana Harms, Apurimacia boliviana Rusby
Reference: Lavin, M., 1987: 64; Lavin, M., 1988: 149. 
Ecology: Native shrub, vine. Andean II-III: rocky slopes, shrublands. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Tupayachi 107 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Pasco.


$


 Apurimacia incarum Harms


Apurimacia incarum Harms = Apurimacia boliviana (Britton) Lavin

Reference: FP 21: 385. 


$


 Apurimacia libertatis Harms


Apurimacia libertatis Harms = Apurimacia boliviana (Britton) Lavin

Reference: FP 21: 385. 


$


 Apurimacia lonchocarpoides Harms


Apurimacia lonchocarpoides Harms = Apurimacia boliviana (Britton) Lavin

Reference: FP 21: 385. 


$


 Apurimacia michelii (Rusby) Harms


Apurimacia michelii (Rusby) Harms = Apurimacia boliviana (Britton) Lavin

Reference: FP 21: 385; Lavin, M., 1987: 64. 


$


 Arabis andicola Walp. ex Meyen


Arabis andicola Walp. ex Meyen = Halimolobus hispidula var. hispidula 

Reference: FP 614: 977. 


$


 Arabis bracteata Wedd.


Arabis bracteata Wedd. = Sisymbrium peruvianum DC.

Reference: FP 614: 979; Romanczuk, M. C., 1982: 85. 


$


 Arabis lanata Walp. in Meyen


Arabis lanata Walp. in Meyen = Sisymbrium lanatum (Walp.) O.E. Schulz

Reference: FP 614: 977. 


$


 Arabis spathulata Walp.


Arabis spathulata Walp. = Weberbauera spathulifolia (A. Gray) O.E. Schulz

Reference: FP 614: 972; Al-Shehbaz, I. A., 1990: 227. 


$


 Arachis hypogaea L.



Arachis hypogaea L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 409; Duke, J. A., 1981: 18. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb, subshrub. Coastal: disturbed areas. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Cerrate 8725 (USM!)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Arachis prostrata Benth.



Arachis prostrata Benth.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 409; Foster, R. C., 1958: 92. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb, subshrub. Andean II: disturbed areas. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Cook & Gilbert 1740 (US)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Arachnothryx peruviana (Standl.) Steyerm.


Arachnothryx peruviana (Standl.) Steyerm. = Rondeletia peruviana Standl.

Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1967: 251. 


$


 Aralia arborea L.


Aralia arborea L. = Dendropanax arboreus (L.) Decne. & Planch.

Reference: FP 1322: 40; Cannon, M. J. & J. F. M. Cannon, 1989: 11. 


$


 Aralia argentata Kunth


Aralia argentata Kunth = Oreopanax argentatus (Kunth) Decne. & Planch.

Reference: FP 1322: 14. 


$


 Aralia balfouriana hort. ex Andr&eacute;


Aralia balfouriana hort. ex Andr&eacute; = Polyscias scutellaria (Burm. f.) Fosberg

Reference: Lowry II, P. P., J. S. Miller & D. G. Frodin, 1989: 8. 


$


 Aralia capitata Jacq.


Aralia capitata Jacq. = Oreopanax capitatus (Jacq.) Decne. & Planch.

Reference: FP 1322: 16; Cannon, M. J. & J. F. M. Cannon, 1989: 24. 


$


 Aralia discolor Kunth


Aralia discolor Kunth = Oreopanax discolor (H.B.K.) Decne. & Planch.

Reference: Frodin, pers. comm.. 


$


 Aralia ferruginea Kunth


Aralia ferruginea Kunth = Schefflera ferruginea (Kunth) Harms

Reference: Harms, H., 1942: 681. 
Note: NN  


$


 Aralia filicifolia C. Moore ex E. Fourn.


Aralia filicifolia C. Moore ex E. Fourn. = Polyscias cumingiana (C. Presl) Fern.- Vill.

Reference: Lowry II, P. P., J. S. Miller & D. G. Frodin, 1989: 7. 


$


 Aralia guilfoylei Bull


Aralia guilfoylei Bull = Polyscias guilfoylei (W. Bull) L.H. Bailey

Reference: Lowry II, P. P., J. S. Miller & D. G. Frodin, 1989: 7. 


$


 Aralia soratensis Marchal



Aralia soratensis Marchal

Synonyms: Aralia soratensis Harms
Reference: Flora Peru: 1322: 10; Jun Wen, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native shrub, treelet. Andean II: cloud forests. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 5668 
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cuzco, Huancavelica.


$


 Aralia weberbaueri Harms


Aralia weberbaueri Harms = Aralia soratensis Marchal

Reference: FP 1322: 10; Jun Wen, pers. comm.. 


$


 Araucaria excelsa R. Br.



Araucaria excelsa R. Br.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1211: 82. 
Ecology: Cultivated tree. Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Note: Mentioned incidentally in the Flora of Peru under Taxaceae.  No voucher seen.  
Departments: Lima.


$



$


 Araujia sericifera Brotero



Araujia sericifera Brotero

Reference: Meyer, T., 1944: 189; Forster, P. & P. Bruyns, 1992: 748. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   This is reported in type publications as from Peru, "in Regio Horto Olisiponensi;" otherwise it is not known or expected in Pru.  Originally published as Araujia sericofera.  


$


 Arcytophyllum andreanum Standl.


Arcytophyllum andreanum Standl. = Arcytophyllum ciliolatum Standl.

Reference: Mena V., P., 1990: 18. 


$


 Arcytophyllum bryoides (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Diels


Arcytophyllum bryoides (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Diels = Arcytophyllum filiforme (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl.

Reference: Mena V., P., 1990: 9. 


$


 Arcytophyllum caucanum Standl.


Arcytophyllum caucanum Standl. = Arcytophyllum setosum (Ruiz & Pav.) Schltdl.

Reference: Mena V., P., 1990: 16. 


$


 Arcytophyllum ciliolatum Standl.



Arcytophyllum ciliolatum Standl.

Synonyms: Arcytophyllum ciliolatum Standl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 69; Mena V., P., 1990: 18. 
Ecology. 3500-4000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 7023* (F)
Departments: La Libertad.


$


 Arcytophyllum confertum (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl.


Arcytophyllum confertum (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl. = Arcytophyllum filiforme (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1365: 70. 


$


 Arcytophyllum confertum var. bryoides (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Standl.


Arcytophyllum confertum var. bryoides (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Standl. = Arcytophyllum filiforme (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl.

Reference: Mena V., P., 1990: 9. 


$


 Arcytophyllum ericoides (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Standl.



Arcytophyllum ericoides (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Standl.

Synonyms: Arcytophyllum ericoides (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) DC., Arcytophyllum ericoides (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Kuntze, Arcytophyllum ericoides (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Wedd., Arcytophyllum ericoides Krause, Arcytophyllum ericoides Standl., Arcytophyllum ericoides Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 70; Mena V., P., 1990: 12. 
Ecology: Native shrub, subshrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, dry valleys, rocky slopes, shrublands. 1500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Stevens 22007 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Lambayeque.


$


 Arcytophyllum filiforme (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl.



Arcytophyllum filiforme (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl.

Synonyms: Arcytophyllum filiforme (Kunth) DC., Arcytophyllum filiforme (Kunth) DC., Arcytophyllum filiforme (Kunth) Kuntze, Arcytophyllum filiforme (Ruiz & Pav.) Benth. & Hook. f. ex B.D. Jacks., Arcytophyllum filiforme (Ruiz & Pav.) Benth. & Hook. f. ex B.D. Jacks., Arcytophyllum filiforme (Ruiz & Pav.) DC., Arcytophyllum filiforme (Ruiz & Pav.) DC., Arcytophyllum filiforme (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze, Arcytophyllum filiforme (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze, Arcytophyllum filiforme (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl., Arcytophyllum filiforme (Schltdl.) Benth. & Hook. f. ex B.D. Jacks., Arcytophyllum filiforme (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Diels, Arcytophyllum filiforme (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Standl., Arcytophyllum filiforme Kunth, Arcytophyllum filiforme Kunth, Arcytophyllum filiforme Ruiz & Pav., Arcytophyllum filiforme Ruiz & Pav., Arcytophyllum filiforme Schltdl., Arcytophyllum filiforme Schltdl., Arcytophyllum filiforme Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 70; Mena V., P., 1990: 9. 
Ecology: Native subshrub. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands, rocky slopes. 2500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&ouml;n s.n.* (MA photo NY), Smith 8112 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad, Pasco, Puno.


$


 Arcytophyllum juniperifolium (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl.


Arcytophyllum juniperifolium (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl. = Arcytophyllum thymifolium (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1365: 73; Mena V., P., 1990: 12. 


$


 Arcytophyllum macbridei Standl.


Arcytophyllum macbridei Standl. = Arcytophyllum peruvianum (Wernham) Kirkbride

Reference: FP 1365: 71; Mena V., P., 1990: 17. 


$


 Arcytophyllum nodosum Rusby


Arcytophyllum nodosum Rusby = Arcytophyllum setosum (Ruiz & Pav.) Schltdl.

Reference: Mena V., P., 1990: 17. 


$


 Arcytophyllum parvifolium Krause


Arcytophyllum parvifolium Krause = Arcytophyllum ericoides (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1365: 70; Mena V., P., 1990: 12. 


$


 Arcytophyllum peruvianum (Wernham) Kirkbride



Arcytophyllum peruvianum (Wernham) Kirkbride

Synonyms: Arcytophyllum peruvianum Standl., Arcytophyllum peruvianum Wernham


$


 Arcytophyllum rivetii Danguy & Cherm.



Arcytophyllum rivetii Danguy & Cherm.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 72; Mena V., P., 1990: 11. 
Ecology: Native shrub, subshrub. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands, rocky slopes, shrublands. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Cabanillas et al. 34 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Cajamarca, Piura.


$


 Arcytophyllum setosum (Ruiz & Pav.) Schltdl.



Arcytophyllum setosum (Ruiz & Pav.) Schltdl.

Synonyms: Arcytophyllum setosum (Ruiz & Pav.) Benth. & Hook. f. ex B.D. Jacks., Arcytophyllum setosum (Ruiz & Pav.) DC., Arcytophyllum setosum (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze, Arcytophyllum setosum (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl., Arcytophyllum setosum (Ruiz & Pav.) Steud., Arcytophyllum setosum Ruiz & Pav., Arcytophyllum setosum Rusby, Arcytophyllum setosum Schum., Arcytophyllum setosum Standl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 72; Mena V., P., 1990: 16. 
Ecology: Native shrub, subshrub. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, elfin forests, forests, grasslands, rocky slopes, shrublands. 2000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA photo MO!), Smith 6141 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, La Libertad, Pasco, Piura, Puno.


$


 Arcytophyllum setosum (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl.


Arcytophyllum setosum (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl. = Arcytophyllum setosum (Ruiz & Pav.) Schltdl.

Reference: FP 1365: 72. 
Note: nom. illeg.  


$


 Arcytophyllum thymifolium (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl.



Arcytophyllum thymifolium (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl.

Synonyms: Arcytophyllum thymifolium (Ruiz & Pav.) Benth. & Hook. f. ex B.D. Jacks., Arcytophyllum thymifolium (Ruiz & Pav.) Benth. & Hook. f. ex B.D. Jacks., Arcytophyllum thymifolium (Ruiz & Pav.) DC., Arcytophyllum thymifolium (Ruiz & Pav.) DC., Arcytophyllum thymifolium (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze, Arcytophyllum thymifolium (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze, Arcytophyllum thymifolium (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl., Arcytophyllum thymifolium Ruiz & Pav., Arcytophyllum thymifolium Ruiz & Pav., Arcytophyllum thymifolium Willd. ex Link, Arcytophyllum thymifolium Willd. ex Link, Arcytophyllum thymifolium Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 72; Mena V., P., 1990: 12. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub, subshrub. Andean I-III, Coastal: disturbed areas, dry valleys, grasslands, lomas, rocky slopes, shrublands. 0-4000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Dillon et al. 2746 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad.


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 Arcytophyllum virgatum Standl.


Arcytophyllum virgatum Standl. = Arcytophyllum ericoides (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1365: 70; Mena V., P., 1990: 12. 


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 Arcytophyllum weberbaueri Krause



Arcytophyllum weberbaueri Krause

Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 74; Mena V., P., 1990: 13. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, rocky slopes, shrublands. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 5409* (B photo F!), Smith & Buddensiek 10957 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Huancavelica, Ica, Lima.


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 Ardisia adenanthera Miq.


Ardisia adenanthera Miq. = Parathesis adenanthera (Miq.) Hook. f.

Reference: FP 1335: 187. 


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 Ardisia albovirens Mez



Ardisia albovirens Mez

Synonyms: Ardisia albovirens (Mez) Lundell
Reference: Flora Peru: 1335: 183; Lundell, C. L., 1982: 46. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ule 9682* (B photo F), Mexia 8261 (F, MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto.


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 Ardisia ambigua C. Mart.


Ardisia ambigua C. Mart. = Stylogyne ambigua (C. Mart.) Mez

Reference: FP 1335: 192; Agostini, G., 1970: 403. 


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 Ardisia breviflora DC.


Ardisia breviflora DC. = Gentlea propinqua (Kunth) Lundell

Reference: FP 1335: 186. 


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 Ardisia cauliflora Mart. & Miq.


Ardisia cauliflora Mart. & Miq. = Stylogyne cauliflora (Mart. & Miq.) Mez

Reference: FP 1335: 194. 


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 Ardisia esculenta Ruiz & Pav.



Ardisia esculenta Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1335: 183. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   The Flora of Peru lists this as a doubtful species. 
Voucher: Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (G)


$


 Ardisia guyanensis (Aubl.) Mez



Ardisia guyanensis (Aubl.) Mez

Synonyms: Ardisia guyanensis (Aubl.) Kuntze, Ardisia guyanensis Aubl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1335: 184. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: N&uacute;&ntilde;ez 6503 (CUZ, MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Loreto, Madre de Dios.


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 Ardisia huallagae Mez



Ardisia huallagae Mez

Synonyms: Ardisia huallagae (Mez) Lundell
Reference: Flora Peru: 1335: 184. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Spruce 4168* (K), Berlin 234 (AMAZ, MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Puno, Ucayali.


$


 Ardisia longifolia Mart. ex Miq.


Ardisia longifolia Mart. ex Miq. = Stylogyne longifolia (Mart. ex Miq.) Mez

Reference: FP 1335: 195. 


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 Ardisia loretensis Lundell



Ardisia loretensis Lundell

Synonyms: Ardisia loretensis (Lundell) Lundell
Reference: Lundell, C. L., 1979: 80. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & Revilla 20459* (MO!), Pipoly et al. 12421 (AMAZ, MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Pasco.


$


 Ardisia martinensis Lundell



Ardisia martinensis Lundell

Synonyms: Ardisia martinensis (Lundell) Lundell
Reference: Lundell, C. L., 1979: 82. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Andean I: terra firme forests. 500-1000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Schunke 7670* (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Ardisia micrantha Kunth


Ardisia micrantha Kunth = Stylogyne micrantha (Kunth) Mez

Reference: Mez, C., 1902: 276. 


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 Ardisia nigrovirens J.F. Macbr.



Ardisia nigrovirens J.F. Macbr.

Synonyms: Ardisia nigrovirens (J.F. Macbr.) Lundell
Reference: Flora Peru: 1335: 185; Lundell, C. L., 1982: 46. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, subshrub, tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Williams 5081* (F!), Foster 8842 (AMAZ, MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios.


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 Ardisia panurensis Mez



Ardisia panurensis Mez

Synonyms: Ardisia panurensis (Mez) Lundell
Reference: Flora Peru: 1335: 185; Lundell, C. L., 1981: 350. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Spruce 2512* (K), Schunke 9482 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Hu&aacute;nuco, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Ardisia pellucida Oerst.



Ardisia pellucida Oerst.

Synonyms: Ardisia pellucida (Oersted) Lundell
Reference: Lundell, C. L., 1982: 40. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I-II: cloud forests. 500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry 43583 (AMAZ, MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios, Ucayali.


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 Ardisia peruviana (A. DC.) Miq.


Ardisia peruviana (A. DC.) Miq. = Geissanthus peruvianus (A. DC.) Mez

Reference: FP 1335: 190. 


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 Ardisia propinqua Kunth


Ardisia propinqua Kunth = Gentlea propinqua (Kunth) Lundell

Reference: Lundell, C. L., 1971: 166. 


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 Ardisia pseudoicacorea Miquel in Martius


Ardisia pseudoicacorea Miquel in Martius = Cybianthus pseudoicacoreus (Miquel in Martius) G. Agostini

Reference: Agostini, G., 1980: 155. 


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 Ardisia turbacensis Kunth


Ardisia turbacensis Kunth = Stylogyne turbacensis (Kunth) Mez

Reference: Mez, C., 1902: 270. 


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 Ardisia venosissima (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) J.F. Macbr.


Ardisia venosissima (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) J.F. Macbr. = Gentlea propinqua (Kunth) Lundell

Reference: FP 1335: 186. 


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 Ardisia vigoi Lundell


Ardisia vigoi Lundell = Ardisia weberbaueri Mez

Reference: Lundell, C. L., 1979: 94. 


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 Ardisia weberbaueri Mez



Ardisia weberbaueri Mez

Synonyms: Ardisia weberbaueri (Lundell) Lundell, Ardisia weberbaueri (Mez) Lundell, Ardisia weberbaueri Lundell
Reference: Flora Peru: 1335: 186; Lundell, C. L., 1982: 46. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 1809* (B), V&aacute;squez 5924 (AMAZ, MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Aregelia eleutheropetala (Ule) Mez ex L.B. Sm.


Aregelia eleutheropetala (Ule) Mez ex L.B. Sm. = Neoregelia eleutheropetala (Ule) L.B. Sm.

Reference: FP 1179: 580; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1538. 


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 Arenaria alpamarcae A. Gray



Arenaria alpamarcae A. Gray

Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 596. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Wilkes Expedition s.n.* (US)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Lima.


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 Arenaria andina Rohrbach



Arenaria andina Rohrbach

Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 597. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


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 Arenaria aphanantha Wedd.



Arenaria aphanantha Wedd.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 597. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: grasslands. 3500-4000 m. 
Note: The modern voucher is questionably determined.  
Voucher: Gay 1776* (P photo F!), Gentry et al. 61588A (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


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 Arenaria bisulca (Bartl.) Rohrbach



Arenaria bisulca (Bartl.) Rohrbach

Synonyms: Arenaria bisulca Bartl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 597. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: bogs, shrublands. 3500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Smith et al. 11733 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco.


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 Arenaria boliviana R.O. Williams



Arenaria boliviana R.O. Williams

Synonyms: Arenaria boliviana Wedd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 597. 
Ecology. 4000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Weddell s.n. 
Departments: Pasco.


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 Arenaria caespitosa Muschl.



Arenaria caespitosa Muschl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 598. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. . 
Voucher: Weberbauer 2796* (B)
Departments: Cajamarca.


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 Arenaria conferta Wedd.


Arenaria conferta Wedd. = Arenaria boliviana R.O. Williams

Reference: FP 1267: 597. 


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 Arenaria crassipes Baehni & J. F. Macbride



Arenaria crassipes Baehni & J. F. Macbride

Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 598. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: grasslands. 2500-4500 m. 
Note: The modern voucher is questionably determined.   
Voucher: Macbride 812* (F), Smith & Torres 11779 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Jun&iacute;n, Lima.


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 Arenaria dicranoides Kunth



Arenaria dicranoides Kunth

Synonyms: Arenaria dicranoides (Kunth) Muschl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 599. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: rocky slopes. 4000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Cook & Cook 007 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Pasco, Puno.


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 Arenaria diffusa Elliott


Arenaria diffusa Elliott = Arenaria lanuginosa subsp. lanuginosa 

Reference: FP 1267: 600; Duke, J. A., 1961: 92. 


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 Arenaria digyna Schltdl.



Arenaria digyna Schltdl.

Synonyms: Arenaria digyna Kunth, Arenaria digyna Kunth, Arenaria digyna Naudin
Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 599. 
Ecology. 3500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland s.n. 
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Lima, Pasco, Puno.


$


 Arenaria engleriana Muschl.



Arenaria engleriana Muschl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 600. 
Ecology. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 2542* (B)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


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 Arenaria lanuginosa (Michx.) Rohrb.



Arenaria lanuginosa (Michx.) Rohrb.

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 Arenaria lanuginosa subsp.lanuginosa



Arenaria lanuginosa subsp. lanuginosa 

Synonyms: Arenaria lanuginosa lanuginosa (Michx.) Torr. & A. Gray, Arenaria lanuginosa lanuginosa Elliott, Arenaria lanuginosa lanuginosa Kunth, Arenaria lanuginosa lanuginosa Michx., Arenaria lanuginosa lanuginosa Muschl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 600; Duke, J. A., 1961: 92; Cano, A. & N. Valencia, 1991: 59. 
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Andean I-III: grasslands, riversides, shrublands. 1000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Smith et al. 9576 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Pasco, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Arenaria macrotheca Hoernem. ex Chamisso & Schlechtendal


Arenaria macrotheca Hoernem. ex Chamisso & Schlechtendal = Spergularia macrotheca (Hoernem. ex Chamisso & Schlechtendal) Heynhold

Reference: FP 1267: 631. 
Note: NN  


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 Arenaria mattfeldii Baehni



Arenaria mattfeldii Baehni

Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 601. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: grasslands. 4000-4500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 353* (W photo F!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


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 Arenaria media L.


Arenaria media L. = Spergularia media (L.) Griseb.

Reference: FP 1267: 632. 
Note: NN  


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 Arenaria nemorosa Kunth


Arenaria nemorosa Kunth = Arenaria lanuginosa subsp. lanuginosa 

Reference: FP 1267: 600; Duke, J. A., 1961: 92. 


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 Arenaria nitida (Bartl.) Rohrbach



Arenaria nitida (Bartl.) Rohrbach

Synonyms: Arenaria nitida Bartl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 601. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: disturbed areas, grasslands, shrublands. 2500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* , Smith et al. 9202 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad.


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 Arenaria orbignyana Wedd.



Arenaria orbignyana Wedd.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 602. 
Ecology. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 13392 
Departments: Cuzco.


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 Arenaria pallens Muschl.



Arenaria pallens Muschl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 602. 
Ecology. 4000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 267* (B)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


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 Arenaria palustris Naudin



Arenaria palustris Naudin

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 Arenaria parvifolia Benth.



Arenaria parvifolia Benth.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 602. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands, shrublands. 3000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Le&oacute;n & Young 1350 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Arenaria poeppigiana Rohrbach



Arenaria poeppigiana Rohrbach

Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 603. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: cloud forests, disturbed areas. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 1402a* (G photo F!), Smith 5979 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, La Libertad, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Arenaria pycnophylloides Pax



Arenaria pycnophylloides Pax

Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 604. 
Ecology: Native herb. . 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n. 
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


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 Arenaria rubra var. campestris L.


Arenaria rubra var. campestris L. = Spergularia campestris (L.) Aschers.

Reference: FP 1267: 630. 


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 Arenaria scopulorum Kunth


Arenaria scopulorum Kunth = Arenaria digyna Schltdl.

Reference: FP 1267: 599. 


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 Arenaria serpens Kunth


Arenaria serpens Kunth = Arenaria digyna Schltdl.

Reference: FP 1267: 599. 


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 Arenaria serpylloides Naudin


Arenaria serpylloides Naudin = Arenaria digyna Schltdl.

Reference: FP 1267: 599; Gereau, pers. comm.. 


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 Arenaria soratensis Rohrbach



Arenaria soratensis Rohrbach

Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 604. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Sullivan et al. 895 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco.


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 Arenaria standleyi Baehni & J. F. Macbride



Arenaria standleyi Baehni & J. F. Macbride

Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 604. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: grasslands. 2500- > 4500 m. 
Note: Modern voucher is questionably determined. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7489* (F), Tupayachi 942 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Ayacucho, Cuzco.


$


 Arenaria stenocarpa Philippi


Arenaria stenocarpa Philippi = Spergularia stenocarpa (Philippi) I.M. Johnst.

Reference: FP 1267: 632. 
Note: NN  


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 Arenaria stuebelii Hieron.



Arenaria stuebelii Hieron.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 605. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


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 Arenaria tetragyna Willd. ex Schltr.



Arenaria tetragyna Willd. ex Schltr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 605. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands, shrublands. 3500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: N&uacute;&ntilde;ez & Urrunaga 7659 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima.


$


 Arequipa aurantiaca (Vaupel) Werdermann


Arequipa aurantiaca (Vaupel) Werdermann = Matucana aurantiaca (Vaupel) Buxb.

Reference: Kimnach, M. & P. C. Hutchison, 1957: 47; Ritter, F., 1981: 1489. 


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 Arequipa erectocylindrica Rauh & Backeb.


Arequipa erectocylindrica Rauh & Backeb. = Oreocereus hempelianus (G&uuml;rke) D.R. Hunt

Reference: Backeberg, C., 1956: 18; Rauh, W., 1958: 335; Ritter, F., 1981: 1368. 


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 Arequipa hempeliana (G&uuml;rke) Oehme


Arequipa hempeliana (G&uuml;rke) Oehme = Oreocereus hempelianus (G&uuml;rke) D.R. Hunt

Reference: Ritter, F., 1980: 1122; Hunt, D., 1992: 34. 


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 Arequipa leucotricha (Philippi) Britton & Rose


Arequipa leucotricha (Philippi) Britton & Rose = Oreocereus leucotrichus (Philippi) Wagenknecht

Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1922: 101; Rauh, W., 1958: 333; Kimnach, M., 1960: 93. 


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 Arequipa mirabilis (Buining) Backeb.


Arequipa mirabilis (Buining) Backeb. = Matucana mirabilis Buining

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1370; Hunt, D., 1992: 34. 
Note: See note under Matucana mirabilis.  


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 Arequipa myriacantha (Vaupel) Britton & Rose


Arequipa myriacantha (Vaupel) Britton & Rose = Matucana myriacantha (Vaupel) Buxb.

Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1922: 101; Ritter, F., 1981: 1500; Hunt, D., 1992: 34. 
Note: See note under Matucana myriacantha.  


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 Arequipa rettigii (Quehl) Oehme


Arequipa rettigii (Quehl) Oehme = Oreocereus hempelianus (G&uuml;rke) D.R. Hunt

Reference: Rauh, W., 1958: 333; Ritter, F., 1981: 1368; Hunt, D., 1992: 34. 


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 Arequipa rettigii var. borealis F. Ritter


Arequipa rettigii var. borealis F. Ritter = Oreocereus hempelianus (G&uuml;rke) D.R. Hunt

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1369. 


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 Arequipa rettigii var. erectocylindrica (Rauh & Backeberg) Krainz


Arequipa rettigii var. erectocylindrica (Rauh & Backeberg) Krainz = Oreocereus hempelianus (G&uuml;rke) D.R. Hunt

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1368. 


$


 Arequipa soehrensii Backeb.


Arequipa soehrensii Backeb. = Oreocereus hempelianus (G&uuml;rke) D.R. Hunt

Reference: Ritter, F., 1980: 1122; Hunt, D., 1992: 34. 


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 Arequipa spinosissima F. Ritter


Arequipa spinosissima F. Ritter = Oreocereus hempelianus (G&uuml;rke) D.R. Hunt

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1369; Hunt, D., 1992: 34. 


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 Arequipa varicolor (Backeb.) Backeb.


Arequipa varicolor (Backeb.) Backeb. = Oreocereus varicolor Backeb.

Reference: Ritter, F., 1980: 1119. 


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 Arequipiopsis hempeliana (G&uuml;rke) Kreuz. & Buining


Arequipiopsis hempeliana (G&uuml;rke) Kreuz. & Buining = Oreocereus hempelianus (G&uuml;rke) D.R. Hunt

Reference: Kreuzinger, K. G., 1941: 199. 


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 Arequipiopsis soehrensii Kreuz.


Arequipiopsis soehrensii Kreuz. = Oreocereus hempelianus (G&uuml;rke) D.R. Hunt

Reference: Kreuzinger, K. G., 1941: 199. 


$


 Arethusa racemosa Walter


Arethusa racemosa Walter = Ponthieva racemosa (Walter) C. Mohr

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Aretiastrum aschersonianum Graebn.



Aretiastrum aschersonianum Graebn.

Synonyms: Aretiastrum aschersonianum Graebner ex Weberbauer
Reference: Flora Peru: 1378: 289; Seitz, W., 1976: 416. 
Ecology. 4000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 5150* (B), Seitz F-68 
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Lima.


$


 Aretiastrum imbricatum (Killip) Killip



Aretiastrum imbricatum (Killip) Killip

Synonyms: Aretiastrum imbricatum Killip
Reference: Flora Peru: 1378: 289; Eriksen, B., 1989: 11. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: grasslands. 3000-3500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   Treated in Valeriana by Eriksen (1989). 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6088* (F)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Aretiastrum maximum Graebn.



Aretiastrum maximum Graebn.

Reference: Graebner, P., 1918: 323. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. . 
Note: Not treated in the Flora of Peru. 
Voucher: Jelski 1117* & 1141* [syntypes] (B)


$


 Argemone mexicana L.



Argemone mexicana L.

$


 Argemone mexicana subvar. gynophora Fedde


Argemone mexicana subvar. gynophora Fedde = Argemone subfusiformis subsp. subfusiformis 

$


 Argemone mexicana var. gynophora (Fedde) J.F. Macbr.


Argemone mexicana var. gynophora (Fedde) J.F. Macbr. = Argemone subfusiformis subsp. subfusiformis 

Reference: FP 612: 934; Ownbey, G. B., 1961: 102. 


$


 Argemone mexicana var.mexicana



Argemone mexicana var. mexicana 

Reference: Flora Peru: 612: 934; Ownbey, G. B., 1961: 103. 
Ecology: Native herb. Coastal: disturbed areas, lomas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Dillon & Dillon 3652 (MO!)
Departments: La Libertad, Moquegua.


$


 Argemone mexicana var.ochroleuca (Sweet) Lindl.



Argemone mexicana var. ochroleuca (Sweet) Lindl.

Synonyms: Argemone mexicana ochroleuca Sweet
Reference: Flora Peru: 612: 934; Ownbey, G. B., 1961: 102. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Argemone ochroleuca Sweet


Argemone ochroleuca Sweet = Argemone mexicana var. ochroleuca (Sweet) Lindl.

Reference: Ownbey, G. B., 1961: 102. 
Note: NN  


$


 Argemone subfusiformis G.B. Ownbey



Argemone subfusiformis G.B. Ownbey

$


 Argemone subfusiformis subsp.subfusiformis



Argemone subfusiformis subsp. subfusiformis 

Synonyms: Argemone subfusiformis subvar. subfusiformis Fedde, Argemone subfusiformis var. subfusiformis (Fedde) J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Ownbey, G. B., 1961: 102. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-III, Coastal: disturbed areas, lomas, rocky slopes, shrublands. 0-4000 m. 
Voucher: Croat 58381 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Argylia eromophila Philippi


Argylia eromophila Philippi = Argylia radiata (L.) D. Don

Reference: FP 1362: 77; Gentry, A. H., 1992: 9. 


$


 Argylia feuillei A. DC.


Argylia feuillei A. DC. = Argylia radiata (L.) D. Don

Reference: FP 1362: 77; Gentry, A. H., 1992: 9. 


$


 Argylia puberula Philippi


Argylia puberula Philippi = Argylia radiata (L.) D. Don

Reference: FP 1362: 77; Gentry, A. H., 1992: 9. 


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 Argylia radiata (L.) D. Don



Argylia radiata (L.) D. Don

Synonyms: Argylia radiata A. DC., Argylia radiata L., Argylia radiata Philippi, Argylia radiata Philippi
Reference: Flora Peru: 1362: 77; Gentry, A. H., 1992: 9. 
Ecology: Native herb. Coastal: lomas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Dillon et al. 3387 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Tacna.


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 Argythamnia dioica (H.B.K.) M&uuml;ll. Arg.


Argythamnia dioica (H.B.K.) M&uuml;ll. Arg. = Ditaxis dioica Kunth

Reference: FP 674: 92; Webster, pers. comm.. 


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 Argythamnia katherinae (Pax) J.F. Macbr.


Argythamnia katherinae (Pax) J.F. Macbr. = Ditaxis katharinae Pax

Reference: FP 674: 93; Webster, pers. comm.. 


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 Argythamnia pavoniana M&uuml;ll. Arg.


Argythamnia pavoniana M&uuml;ll. Arg. = Chiropetalum pavonianum (Muell. Arg.) Pax

Reference: FP 674: 94. 


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 Argythamnia quinquecuspidata (Jussieu) M&uuml;ll. Arg.


Argythamnia quinquecuspidata (Jussieu) M&uuml;ll. Arg. = Chiropetalum quinquecuspidatum (Jussieu) Pax & K. Hoffm.

Reference: FP 674: 95. 


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 Argythamnia ruiziana M&uuml;ll. Arg.


Argythamnia ruiziana M&uuml;ll. Arg. = Chiropetalum ruizianum (Muell. Arg.) Pax & K. Hoffm.

Reference: FP 674: 95; Webster, pers. comm.. 


$


 Aristeguietia amethystina (B.L. Rob.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Aristeguietia amethystina (B.L. Rob.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Aristeguietia amethystina B.L. Rob.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 345, 485. 
Ecology: Native shrub. . 
Note: No voucher cited by King & Robinson (1987). 


$


 Aristeguietia anisodonta (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Aristeguietia anisodonta (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Aristeguietia anisodonta B. Robinson
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 345, 485. 
Ecology. 1500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews s.n. [in 1836]* (K), Peyton & Peyton 1049 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Apur&iacute;mac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lambayeque, La Libertad, Piura.


$


 Aristeguietia ballii (Oliv.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Aristeguietia ballii (Oliv.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Aristeguietia ballii Oliv.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 345, 485. 
Ecology. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Ball s.n. [in 1882]* , Weberbauer 6856 (US!)
Departments: Arequipa, Lima.


$


 Aristeguietia buddleaefolia (Benth.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Aristeguietia buddleaefolia (Benth.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Aristeguietia buddleaefolia Benth.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 505. 
Ecology. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 8088 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Aristeguietia cursonii (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Aristeguietia cursonii (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Aristeguietia cursonii B. Robinson
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 345, 485. 
Ecology. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Curson s.n.* (BM)
Departments: Arequipa.


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 Aristeguietia diplodictyon (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Aristeguietia diplodictyon (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Aristeguietia diplodictyon B. Robinson
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 345, 485. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Lobb s.n.* (K), Macbride 4296 (F!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Aristeguietia discolor (DC., nom. illeg) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Aristeguietia discolor (DC., nom. illeg) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Aristeguietia discolor DC., nom. illeg
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 345, 485. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, treelet. Andean II-III: elfin forests, shrublands. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Smith & Buddensiek 10885 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Aristeguietia gascae (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Aristeguietia gascae (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Aristeguietia gascae B. Robinson
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 345, 485. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (GH)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Aristeguietia gayana (Wedd.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Aristeguietia gayana (Wedd.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Aristeguietia gayana Wedd.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 345, 485. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Gay s.n. (P), Macbride & Featherstone 939 (F!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n.


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 Aristeguietia pseudarborea (Hieron.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Aristeguietia pseudarborea (Hieron.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Aristeguietia pseudarborea Hieron.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 345, 485. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: forests, shrublands. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Jelski 766* (B), Hutchison & Wright 3818 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca.


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 Aristeguietia tahonensis (Hieron.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Aristeguietia tahonensis (Hieron.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Aristeguietia tahonensis Hieron.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 345, 485. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4037* (B photo F), Sag&aacute;stegui 8429 (F!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Aristida adscensionis L.



Aristida adscensionis L.

Synonyms: Aristida adscensionis Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 182; Tovar, O., 1957: 81. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-III, Coastal: disturbed areas, lomas. 0-4000 m. 
Voucher: Smith 6155 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Ica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Moquegua, Piura, Tacna, Tumbes.


$


 Aristida antoniana Steud. ex Lechler


Aristida antoniana Steud. ex Lechler = Aristida enodis Hack.

Reference: FP 719: 183. 


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 Aristida bromoides Kunth


Aristida bromoides Kunth = Aristida adscensionis L.

Reference: FP 719: 182. 


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 Aristida capillacea Lam.



Aristida capillacea Lam.

Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 183; Killeen, T. J., 1990: 140. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: grasslands. 3000-3500 m. 
Note: The occurrence of this species at such high elevations needs to be reconfirmed. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 22216 (F!)
Departments: Ayacucho.


$


 Aristida chiclayense Tovar



Aristida chiclayense Tovar

Reference: Tovar, O., 1984: 11. 
Ecology: Native herb. Coastal: desert. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 6047* (US, USM!), S&aacute;nchez 3411 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lambayeque, La Libertad.


$


 Aristida circinalis Lindm.



Aristida circinalis Lindm.

Reference: Killeen, T. J., 1990: 140. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: disturbed areas, grasslands. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 13657 (USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Tumbes.


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 Aristida crinita J. Presl



Aristida crinita J. Presl

Reference: Hitchcock, A. S., 1927: 406. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   The type was mistakenly cited by Presl as originating in Peru. 


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 Aristida ecuadoriensis Henrard



Aristida ecuadoriensis Henrard

Reference: Henrard, J. T., 1932: 307. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: shrublands. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Scott 806 (USM!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Aristida enodis Hack.



Aristida enodis Hack.

Synonyms: Aristida enodis Steud. ex Lechler
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 183. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands, rocky slopes, shrublands. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Solomon 2952 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Piura, Puno.


$


 Aristida laxa Cav.



Aristida laxa Cav.

Reference: Henrard, J. T., 1932: 190. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: shrublands. 1500-3500 m. 
Voucher: S&aacute;nchez 2420 (CPUN)
Departments: Cajamarca.


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 Aristida megapotamica Spreng.



Aristida megapotamica Spreng.

Reference: Tovar, O., 1986: 49. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: savannas. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 17216 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco.


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 Aristida peruviana Beetle



Aristida peruviana Beetle

Reference: Beetle, A. A., 1975: 348. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Mexia 4172* (UC), Hutchison 202 (US!)
Departments: Arequipa, Moquegua, Piura.


$


 Aristida recurvata Kunth



Aristida recurvata Kunth

Reference: Swallen, J. R., 1955: 35; Tovar, pers. comm. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


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 Aristida schiedeana Trin. & Rupr.



Aristida schiedeana Trin. & Rupr.

Reference: McVaugh, R., 1983: 61. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: grasslands, shrublands. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: S&aacute;nchez 3115 (UMS!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


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 Aristida setifolia Kunth



Aristida setifolia Kunth

Synonyms: Aristida setifolia (Kunth) Nees, Aristida setifolia Mez
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 184; Tovar, O., 1986: 50. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: forests on white sand. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: L&oacute;pez et al. 9178 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Piura, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Aristida tarapotana Mez


Aristida tarapotana Mez = Aristida setifolia Kunth

Reference: FP 719: 184; Tovar, O., 1986: 50. 


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 Aristida torta (Nees) Kunth



Aristida torta (Nees) Kunth

Synonyms: Aristida torta Nees
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 184; Killeen, T. J., 1990: 141. 
Ecology. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 13634 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Aristolochia acutifolia Duch.



Aristolochia acutifolia Duch.

Reference: Gonz&aacute;lez G., F. A., 1990: 49. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Barbour 5779 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.


$


 Aristolochia amazonica Ule


Aristolochia amazonica Ule = Aristolochia pilosa Kunth

Reference: FP 1248: 433; Gonz&aacute;lez G., F. A., 1990: 114. 


$


 Aristolochia andahuaylensis Ahumada



Aristolochia andahuaylensis Ahumada

Reference: Ahumada, L. Z., 1979: 180. 
Ecology. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Stork & Horton 10791* (F!), West 3678 (UC)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho.


$


 Aristolochia asperifolia Ule



Aristolochia asperifolia Ule

Synonyms: Aristolochia asperifolia Hoehne
Reference: Flora Peru: 1248: 434; Hoehne, F. C., 1942: 89. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ule 6502* (B photo F!), Woytkowski 35168 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Aristolochia barbouri Barringer



Aristolochia barbouri Barringer

Reference: Barringer, K., 1986: 128. 
Ecology: Endemic liana. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Barbour 5405* (MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios.


$


 Aristolochia bicolor Ule



Aristolochia bicolor Ule

Reference: Flora Peru: 1248: 434. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Ule 5953* (B photo F)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Aristolochia burelae Herzog



Aristolochia burelae Herzog

Synonyms: Aristolochia burelae Hoehne
Reference: Flora Peru: 1248: 435; Ahumada, Z., 1967: 109. 
Note: Not known from Peru. ;  The type, Ule 9342, is from Acre, Brazil. 


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 Aristolochia cauliflora Ule



Aristolochia cauliflora Ule

Reference: Flora Peru: 1248: 435; Hoehne, F. C., 1942: 84. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ule 6634* (B photo F!), Klug 4125 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Aristolochia chachapoyensis Ahumada



Aristolochia chachapoyensis Ahumada

Reference: Ahumada, L. Z., 1979: 177. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean I: rocky slopes. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 5447* (US, USM), S&aacute;nchez et al. 501 (Hb. Ahumada)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Aristolochia colosifolia Hoehne



Aristolochia colosifolia Hoehne

Reference: Gonz&aacute;lez G., F. A., 1990: 54; Gonz&aacute;lez, F., 1991: 485. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   The specimen cited by Gonz&aacute;lez 1990, Gentry 29333, has been redetermined as Aristolochia schunkeana (Gonz&aacute;lez, 1991). 


$


 Aristolochia cornuta Mast.



Aristolochia cornuta Mast.

Reference: Hoehne, F. C., 1942: 120; Gonz&aacute;lez G., F. A., 1990: 137. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Davis 826 (F!)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Aristolochia costaricensis (Klotzsch) Duch.


Aristolochia costaricensis (Klotzsch) Duch. = Aristolochia pilosa Kunth

Reference: Gonz&aacute;lez G., F. A., 1990: 114. 


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 Aristolochia deltoidea Kunth



Aristolochia deltoidea Kunth

Synonyms: Aristolochia deltoidea (HBK) Klotzsch
Reference: Flora Peru: 1248: 435. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I: seasonally inundated areas, shrublands. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Humboldt 3645* (P-H&B), Hutchison & Wright 3552 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca.


$


 Aristolochia didyma S. Moore



Aristolochia didyma S. Moore

Reference: Flora Peru: 1248: 436. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Knapp 7961 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Aristolochia disticha Mast. in C. Martius



Aristolochia disticha Mast. in C. Martius

$


 Aristolochia dodsonii Pfeifer


Aristolochia dodsonii Pfeifer = Aristolochia iquitensis O.C. Schmidt

Reference: Gonz&aacute;lez G., F. A., 1990: 144. 


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 Aristolochia duchartrei Andre, Le Mouvem


Aristolochia duchartrei Andre, Le Mouvem = Aristolochia ruiziana (Klotzsch) Duch.

Reference: FP 1248: 442; Gonz&aacute;lez G., F. A., 1990: 152. 


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 Aristolochia elegans Masters



Aristolochia elegans Masters

Reference: Flora Peru: 1248: 436; Gonz&aacute;lez G., F. A., 1990: 90. 
Ecology: Native liana. Andean I: forests. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Seibert 2369 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima.


$


 Aristolochia floribunda Lem.



Aristolochia floribunda Lem.

Synonyms: Aristolochia floribunda Ule
Reference: Flora Peru: 1248: 436. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note:   
Voucher: Schunke 6285 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Aristolochia fosteri Barringer



Aristolochia fosteri Barringer

Reference: Barringer, K., 1986: 129. 
Ecology: Endemic liana. Andean II: disturbed areas. 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Foster et al. 7800* (MO!)
Departments: Pasco.


$


 Aristolochia frangrantissima Ruiz



Aristolochia frangrantissima Ruiz

Synonyms: Aristolochia frangrantissima (Ruiz) Klotzsch
Reference: Flora Peru: 1248: 436; Hoehne, F. C., 1942: 117. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz s.n.* (MA photo F!), Gentry et al. 25515 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Aristolochia guentheri O.C. Schmidt



Aristolochia guentheri O.C. Schmidt

Reference: Flora Peru: 1248: 437; Gonz&aacute;lez G., F. A., 1990: 141. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 392* (F!), Revilla 234 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Loreto.


$


 Aristolochia hutchisonii Ahumada


Aristolochia hutchisonii Ahumada = Aristolochia xerophytica R.E. Schult.

Reference: Ahumada, L. Z., 1979: 177; Gonz&aacute;lez, F., 1991: 297. 


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 Aristolochia hutchisonii Barringer


Aristolochia hutchisonii Barringer = Aristolochia xerophytica R.E. Schult.

Reference: Barringer, K., 1986: 131; 28977; 297. 


$


 Aristolochia iquitensis O.C. Schmidt



Aristolochia iquitensis O.C. Schmidt

Synonyms: Aristolochia iquitensis Pfeifer
Reference: Flora Peru: 1248: 437; Gonz&aacute;lez G., F. A., 1990: 144. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: forests on white sand. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Tessmann 5120* (B photo MO!), Gentry et al. 25912 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Aristolochia juruana Ule


Aristolochia juruana Ule = Aristolochia floribunda Lem.

Reference: FP 1248: 436. 


$


 Aristolochia killipiana O.C. Schmidt



Aristolochia killipiana O.C. Schmidt

Reference: Flora Peru: 1248: 438. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Cook & Gilbert 841* (US)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Aristolochia klugii O.C. Schmidt



Aristolochia klugii O.C. Schmidt

Reference: Flora Peru: 1248: 442; Gonz&aacute;lez G., F. A., 1990: 147. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gonzalez et al. 1788 (AMAZ)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Aristolochia lagesiana Ule



Aristolochia lagesiana Ule

Reference: Hoehne, F. C., 1942: 83. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Ule 5707* (B photo F!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Aristolochia leuconeura Linden



Aristolochia leuconeura Linden

Synonyms: Aristolochia leuconeura (Klotzsch) Duchartre
Reference: Gonz&aacute;lez G., F. A., 1990: 149. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Foster 12905 (F!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


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 Aristolochia lingulata Ule



Aristolochia lingulata Ule

Reference: Flora Peru: 1248: 438; Hoehne, F. C., 1942: 70. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ule 6581* (B photo F!), Killip & Smith 28923 (F?)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Aristolochia macbrideana Standl.


Aristolochia macbrideana Standl. = Aristolochia sprucei Masters

Reference: FP 1248: 438; Gonz&aacute;lez G., F. A., 1990: 65. 


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 Aristolochia maranonensis O.C. Schmidt



Aristolochia maranonensis O.C. Schmidt

Reference: Flora Peru: 1248: 439. 
Ecology: Endemic liana. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Tessmann 4865* (B)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Aristolochia martiniana Standl.


Aristolochia martiniana Standl. = Aristolochia odoratissima L.

Reference: Gonz&aacute;lez G., F. A., 1990: 109. 


$


 Aristolochia mastersiana O. C. Schmidt



Aristolochia mastersiana O. C. Schmidt

Reference: Schmidt, O. C., 1938: 54. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Aristolochia mathewsii Duch.



Aristolochia mathewsii Duch.

Synonyms: Aristolochia mathewsii Seem.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1248: 439; Hoehne, F. C., 1942: 138. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* , Gentry et al. 61995 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Aristolochia mishuyacensis O.C. Schmidt



Aristolochia mishuyacensis O.C. Schmidt

Synonyms: Aristolochia mishuyacensis Schmidt,O.C.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1248: 439; Gonz&aacute;lez G., F. A., 1990: 101. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: disturbed areas, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Williams 4314* (F!), V&aacute;squez & Gr&aacute;ndez 2656 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Aristolochia odoratissima L.



Aristolochia odoratissima L.

Synonyms: Aristolochia odoratissima Jacq., Aristolochia odoratissima O.C. Schmidt, Aristolochia odoratissima Standl.
Reference: Gonz&aacute;lez G., F. A., 1990: 106. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I: riversides. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 37649 (MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Aristolochia pandurata Jacq.


Aristolochia pandurata Jacq. = Aristolochia odoratissima L.

Reference: Gonz&aacute;lez G., F. A., 1990: 108. 


$


 Aristolochia pannosa Mast.


Aristolochia pannosa Mast. = Aristolochia pilosa Kunth

Reference: Gonz&aacute;lez G., F. A., 1990: 113. 


$


 Aristolochia peltibracteata Hoehne


Aristolochia peltibracteata Hoehne = Aristolochia burelae Herzog

Reference: Ahumada, Z., 1967: 109. 
Note: NN  


$


 Aristolochia peruviana Schmidt,O.C.



Aristolochia peruviana Schmidt,O.C.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1248: 440. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Tessmann 3459* (B photo F!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Aristolochia physodes Ule



Aristolochia physodes Ule

Reference: Flora Peru: 1248: 441. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. Amazonian, Andean I: rocky slopes. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ule 6582* (B photo F!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Aristolochia pilgeriana Schmidt,O.C.


Aristolochia pilgeriana Schmidt,O.C. = Aristolochia ruiziana (Klotzsch) Duch.

Reference: FP 1248: 441; Gonz&aacute;lez G., F. A., 1990: 152. 


$


 Aristolochia pilosa Kunth



Aristolochia pilosa Kunth

Synonyms: Aristolochia pilosa (Klotzsch) Duch., Aristolochia pilosa Mast., Aristolochia pilosa Ule
Reference: Flora Peru: 1248: 441; Gonz&aacute;lez G., F. A., 1990: 113. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: disturbed areas, riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 6681 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Aristolochia pucarensis Ahumada


Aristolochia pucarensis Ahumada = Aristolochia xerophytica R.E. Schult.

Reference: Ahumada, L. Z., 1979: 175; Gonz&aacute;lez, F., 1991: 297. 


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 Aristolochia putumayensis O.C. Schmidt



Aristolochia putumayensis O.C. Schmidt

Reference: Flora Peru: 1248: 441; Hoehne, F. C., 1942: 82. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 2032* (F), Mathias & Taylor 5502 (USM!)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Aristolochia reticulata Seem.


Aristolochia reticulata Seem. = Aristolochia mathewsii Duch.

Reference: FP 1248: 439. 


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 Aristolochia rimbachii O.C. Schmidt


Aristolochia rimbachii O.C. Schmidt = Aristolochia odoratissima L.

Reference: FP 1248: 442; Gonz&aacute;lez G., F. A., 1990: 109. 


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 Aristolochia ringens Vahl



Aristolochia ringens Vahl

Reference: Hoehne, F. C., 1942: 65. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 27163 (US)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Aristolochia ruiziana (Klotzsch) Duch.



Aristolochia ruiziana (Klotzsch) Duch.

Synonyms: Aristolochia ruiziana Andre, Le Mouvem, Aristolochia ruiziana Schmidt,O.C.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1248: 442; Gonz&aacute;lez G., F. A., 1990: 152. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz 361* (B photo F!), Gentry & Revilla 20423 (USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Aristolochia schmidtiana Hoehne


Aristolochia schmidtiana Hoehne = Aristolochia tonduzii O.C. Schmidt

Reference: Gonz&aacute;lez G., F. A., 1990: 71. 


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 Aristolochia schunkeana F. Gonz&aacute;lez



Aristolochia schunkeana F. Gonz&aacute;lez

Reference: Gonz&aacute;lez, F., 1991: 485. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 2076* (F!), Gentry et al. 29333 (MO)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto.


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 Aristolochia silvatica Barb. Rodr.



Aristolochia silvatica Barb. Rodr.

Reference: Gonz&aacute;lez G., F. A., 1990: 64. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: forests on white sand. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 39496 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Aristolochia sprucei Hoehne


Aristolochia sprucei Hoehne = Aristolochia asperifolia Ule

Reference: Hoehne, F. C., 1942: 90. 


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 Aristolochia sprucei Masters



Aristolochia sprucei Masters

Synonyms: Aristolochia sprucei Standl.
Reference: Gonz&aacute;lez G., F. A., 1990: 65. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 4079 (MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Aristolochia tarapotina Ule


Aristolochia tarapotina Ule = Aristolochia truncata Field. & Gardner

Reference: FP 1248: 443; Hoehne, F. C., 1942: 95. 


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 Aristolochia tonduzii O.C. Schmidt



Aristolochia tonduzii O.C. Schmidt

Synonyms: Aristolochia tonduzii Hoehne
Reference: Gonz&aacute;lez G., F. A., 1990: 71. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Klug 4336 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Aristolochia truncata Field. & Gardner



Aristolochia truncata Field. & Gardner

Synonyms: Aristolochia truncata (Field. & Gardner) Klotzsch, Aristolochia truncata Ule
Reference: Flora Peru: 1248: 443; Hoehne, F. C., 1942: 95. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ule 6501* (B photo F!), Mathews 1308 (W photo MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Aristolochia veraguensis (Klotzsch) Duchartre


Aristolochia veraguensis (Klotzsch) Duchartre = Aristolochia leuconeura Linden

Reference: Gonz&aacute;lez G., F. A., 1990: 149. 


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 Aristolochia weberbaueri Schmidt,O.C.



Aristolochia weberbaueri Schmidt,O.C.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1248: 443. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean II: grasslands. 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 6444* (B, MOL!)
Departments: Huancavelica.


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 Aristolochia williamsii Schmidt,O.C.


Aristolochia williamsii Schmidt,O.C. = Aristolochia mishuyacensis O.C. Schmidt

Reference: FP 1248: 439; Gonz&aacute;lez G., F. A., 1990: 101. 


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 Aristolochia xerophytica R.E. Schult.



Aristolochia xerophytica R.E. Schult.

Synonyms: Aristolochia xerophytica Ahumada, Aristolochia xerophytica Ahumada, Aristolochia xerophytica Barringer
Reference: Gonz&aacute;lez, F., 1991: 297. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean I, Coastal: disturbed areas. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Evinger 540* (US), Hutchison & Wright 3508 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, La Libertad.


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 Arjona glaberrima Pilg.



Arjona glaberrima Pilg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1240: 417. 
Ecology. 4000-4500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   @In Peru, only known from type.@  
Voucher: Weberbauer 5157* (B photo F!)
Departments: Lima.


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 Armatocereus arboreus Rauh & Backeb.


Armatocereus arboreus Rauh & Backeb. = Armatocereus ghiesbreghtii (K. Schum.) F. Ritter

Reference: Backeberg, C., 1956: 13; Rauh, W., 1958: 276; Ritter, F., 1981: 1272. 
Note: Treated as a synonym of A. matucanensis by Madsen (1989).  


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 Armatocereus arduus F. Ritter



Armatocereus arduus F. Ritter

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1271; Hunt, D., 1992: 34. 
Ecology: Endemic Erect, branched or columnar cactus. Andean I: rocky slopes, shrublands. 1000-1500 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).    
Voucher: Ritter 1060* (U)
Departments: Cajamarca, La Libertad.


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 Armatocereus balsasensis F. Ritter



Armatocereus balsasensis F. Ritter

Synonyms: Armatocereus balsasensis F. Ritter
Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1271; Hunt, D., 1992: 34. 
Ecology: Endemic Erect, branched or columnar cactus. Andean I: dry valleys, rocky slopes, shrublands. 500-1000 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Ritter 273a* (ZSS)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca.


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 Armatocereus cartwrightianus (Britton & Rose) Backeb. ex A.W. Hill



Armatocereus cartwrightianus (Britton & Rose) Backeb. ex A.W. Hill

Synonyms: Armatocereus cartwrightianus (Britton & Rose) Werdermann, Armatocereus cartwrightianus Backeb., Armatocereus cartwrightianus Britton & Rose, Armatocereus cartwrightianus H. Johnson
Reference: Rauh, W., 1958: 265; Ritter, F., 1981: 1272; Madsen, J. E., 1989: 10. 
Ecology: Native Erect, branched cactus. Coastal: rocky slopes, shrublands. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ritter 297 (U)
Departments: Lambayeque.


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 Armatocereus cartwrightianus var. longispinus Backeb.


Armatocereus cartwrightianus var. longispinus Backeb. = Armatocereus cartwrightianus (Britton & Rose) Backeb. ex A.W. Hill

Reference: Backeberg, C., 1956: 14; Madsen, J. E., 1989: 10. 


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 Armatocereus churinensis Rauh & Backeb.


Armatocereus churinensis Rauh & Backeb. = Armatocereus ghiesbreghtii (K. Schum.) F. Ritter

Reference: Backeberg, C., 1956: 13; Rauh, W., 1958: 274; Ritter, F., 1981: 1272. 
Note: Treated as a synonym of A. matucanensis by Madsen (1989).  


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 Armatocereus confusus F. Ritter


Armatocereus confusus F. Ritter = Armatocereus procerus Rauh & Backeb.

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1276. 


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 Armatocereus ghiesbreghtii (K. Schum.) F. Ritter



Armatocereus ghiesbreghtii (K. Schum.) F. Ritter

Synonyms: Armatocereus ghiesbreghtii K. Schum., Armatocereus ghiesbreghtii Rauh & Backeb., Armatocereus ghiesbreghtii Rauh & Backeb., Armatocereus ghiesbreghtii Rauh & Backeb.
Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1272; Hunt, D., 1992: 34. 
Ecology: Endemic Erect, branched cactus. Andean I-II: rocky slopes, shrublands. 1000-3000 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  The type of this taxon was thought to be Mexican in origin (see Britton & Rose, 1920: 60). 
Voucher: Collector unknown s.n.* , Ritter 139 (U)
Departments: Arequipa, Lima.


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 Armatocereus ghiesbreghtii var. oligogonus (Rauh & Backeb.) F. Ritter


Armatocereus ghiesbreghtii var. oligogonus (Rauh & Backeb.) F. Ritter = Armatocereus oligogonus Rauh & Backeb.

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1275; Madsen, J. E., 1989: 13. 


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 Armatocereus jungo Backeb.


Armatocereus jungo Backeb. = Armatocereus laetus (Kunth) Backeb. ex A.W. Hill

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1275. 


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 Armatocereus laetus (Kunth) Backeb. ex A.W. Hill



Armatocereus laetus (Kunth) Backeb. ex A.W. Hill

Synonyms: Armatocereus laetus (Kunth) Britton & Rose, Armatocereus laetus (Kunth) DC., Armatocereus laetus Backeb., Armatocereus laetus Kunth
Reference: Backeberg, C. & F. M. Knuth, 1935: 176; Rauh, W., 1958: 266; Hunt, D., 1991: 83. 
Ecology: Endemic Erect, branched cactus. Andean II: dry valleys, rocky slopes, shrublands. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland s.n.* (P-H&B), Ritter 285 (U)
Departments: Cajamarca, Piura.


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 Armatocereus maranionensis Krainz & F. Ritter


Armatocereus maranionensis Krainz & F. Ritter = Armatocereus rauhii Backeb.

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1278. 


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 Armatocereus mataranus F. Ritter



Armatocereus mataranus F. Ritter

Synonyms: Armatocereus mataranus F. Ritter
Reference: Ritter, F., 1966: 117; Ritter, F., 1967: 23; Ritter, F., 1981: 1275. 
Ecology: Endemic Erect, branched cactus. Andean II: rocky slopes, shrublands. 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Treated by Ritter (1981) with two varieties: mataranus and ancashensis. 
Voucher: Ritter 672* (U), Ritter 672a (U)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca.


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 Armatocereus mataranus var. ancashensis F. Ritter


Armatocereus mataranus var. ancashensis F. Ritter = Armatocereus mataranus F. Ritter

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1276. 
Note: Treated as a valid taxon by Ritter (1981).  


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 Armatocereus matucanensis Backeb.


Armatocereus matucanensis Backeb. = Armatocereus matucanensis Backeb. ex A.W. Hill

Reference: Backeberg, C. & F. M. Knuth, 1935: 176, 411. 


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 Armatocereus matucanensis Backeb. ex A.W. Hill



Armatocereus matucanensis Backeb. ex A.W. Hill

Synonyms: Armatocereus matucanensis Backeb.
Reference: Rauh, W., 1958: 267; Ritter, F., 1981: 1272; Madsen, J. E., 1989: 13. 
Ecology: Native Erect, branched or columnar cactus. Andean II: rocky slopes, shrublands. 1500-2500 m. 
Note: Treated by Ritter (1981) as a synonym of A. ghiesbreghtii.  
Voucher: Rose 18650* (NY)
Departments: Lima.


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 Armatocereus mocupensis H. Johnson


Armatocereus mocupensis H. Johnson = Armatocereus cartwrightianus (Britton & Rose) Backeb. ex A.W. Hill

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1272. 


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 Armatocereus nazcaensis H. Johnson


Armatocereus nazcaensis H. Johnson = Armatocereus procerus Rauh & Backeb.

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1276. 


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 Armatocereus oligogonus Rauh & Backeb.



Armatocereus oligogonus Rauh & Backeb.

Synonyms: Armatocereus oligogonus (Rauh & Backeb.) F. Ritter
Reference: Rauh, W., 1958: 276; Ritter, F., 1981: 1275; Madsen, J. E., 1989: 13. 
Ecology: Endemic Erect, branched cactus. Coastal: dry valleys, shrublands. 0-1000 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  Treated as a variety of A. ghiesbreghtii by Ritter (1981) and as a synonym of A. matucanensis by Madsen (1989). 
Voucher: Rauh 139a [1954]* (ZSS)
Departments: Lambayeque.


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 Armatocereus procerus Rauh & Backeb.



Armatocereus procerus Rauh & Backeb.

Synonyms: Armatocereus procerus F. Ritter, Armatocereus procerus F. Ritter, Armatocereus procerus H. Johnson
Reference: Backeberg, C., 1956: 13; Rauh, W., 1958: 269; Ritter, F., 1981: 1276. 
Ecology: Endemic Erect, branched cactus. Coastal: desert, rocky slopes. 500-1000 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  Treated by Ritter (1981) with two varieties: procerus and armatus. 
Voucher: Rauh K32 [1954]* (ZSS), Ritter 566 (U)
Departments: Ancash, Ica.


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 Armatocereus procerus var. armatus F. Ritter


Armatocereus procerus var. armatus F. Ritter = Armatocereus procerus Rauh & Backeb.

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1277. 


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 Armatocereus rauhii Backeb.



Armatocereus rauhii Backeb.

Synonyms: Armatocereus rauhii Krainz & F. Ritter
Reference: Backeberg, C., 1956: 13; Ritter, F., 1981: 1278; Hunt, D., 1992: 34. 
Ecology: Endemic Erect, branched or columnar cactus. Andean I: dry valleys, rocky slopes, shrublands. 1000-1500 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Rauh K127 [1954]* (ZSS), Ritter 273 (U)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca.


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 Armatocereus rauhii var. balsasensis F. Ritter


Armatocereus rauhii var. balsasensis F. Ritter = Armatocereus balsasensis F. Ritter

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1271. 


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 Armatocereus riomajensis Rauh & Backeb.


Armatocereus riomajensis Rauh & Backeb. = Armatocereus ghiesbreghtii (K. Schum.) F. Ritter

Reference: Backeberg, C., 1956: 13; Rauh, W., 1958: 273; Ritter, F., 1981: 1272. 
Note: Treated as a synonym of A. matucanensis by Madsen (1989: 13).  


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 Armatocereus rupicola F. Ritter



Armatocereus rupicola F. Ritter

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1278; Hunt, D., 1992: 34. 
Ecology: Endemic Erect, branched cactus. Andean II: dry valleys, rocky slopes. 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Ritter 1318* (U)
Departments: Cajamarca.


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 Arnaldoa coccinosantha (Muschl.) Ferreyra



Arnaldoa coccinosantha (Muschl.) Ferreyra

Synonyms: Arnaldoa coccinosantha (Muschl.) Chung, Arnaldoa coccinosantha Lopez & Sagast., Arnaldoa coccinosantha Muschl.
Reference: Ferreyra, R., 1965: 4; Miranda, A. L., 1981: 2. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I-II: shrublands. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 3295* (USM), L&oacute;pez & Sag&aacute;stegui 8159 (MO)
Departments: Ancash, La Libertad.


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 Arnaldoa macbrideana Ferreyra



Arnaldoa macbrideana Ferreyra

Synonyms: Arnaldoa macbrideana Chung
Reference: Ferreyra, R., 1965: 6; Miranda, A. L., 1981: 8. 
Ecology. 1000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra & Wurdack 14415* (USM), Hutchison & Wright 1379 (US!)
Departments: Lambayeque, Piura.


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 Arnaldoa magnifica Cabrera


Arnaldoa magnifica Cabrera = Arnaldoa weberbaueri (Muschl.) Ferreyra

Reference: Cabrera, A. L., 1962: 39. 


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 Arnaldoa peruviana Lopez & Sagast.


Arnaldoa peruviana Lopez & Sagast. = Arnaldoa coccinosantha (Muschl.) Ferreyra

Reference: Miranda, A. L., 1981: 2. 


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 Arnaldoa weberbaueri (Muschl.) Ferreyra



Arnaldoa weberbaueri (Muschl.) Ferreyra

Synonyms: Arnaldoa weberbaueri Cabrera, Arnaldoa weberbaueri Chung, Arnaldoa weberbaueri Muschl.
Reference: Ferreyra, R., 1965: 2; Miranda, A. L., 1981: 5. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: rocky slopes, shrublands. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4278* (B, destroyed), Hutchison 5454 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca.


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 Arnica peruviana (Lam.) Pers.


Arnica peruviana (Lam.) Pers. = Oritrophium peruvianum (Lam.) Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1969: 75. 


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 Arouna divaricata Willd.


Arouna divaricata Willd. = Dialium guianense (Aubl.) Sandwith

Reference: Spichiger, R., J. Meroz, P. Loizeau & L. Stutz de Ortega, 1989: 293. 


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 Arouna guianensis Aubl.


Arouna guianensis Aubl. = Dialium guianense (Aubl.) Sandwith

Reference: FP 21: 143; Spichiger, R., J. Meroz, P. Loizeau & L. Stutz de Ortega, 1989: 293. 


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 Arrabidaea affinis A.H. Gentry



Arrabidaea affinis A.H. Gentry

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1992: 159. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Note:   
Voucher: Gentry et al. 61884 (AMAZ!, MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Arrabidaea bangii Sprague


Arrabidaea bangii Sprague = Arrabidaea platyphylla A. DC.

Reference: FP 1362: 22. 


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 Arrabidaea belizensis Standl.


Arrabidaea belizensis Standl. = Arrabidaea verrucosa (Standl.) A.H. Gentry

Reference: FP 1362: 40; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 119. 


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 Arrabidaea bilabiata (Sprague) Sandwith



Arrabidaea bilabiata (Sprague) Sandwith

Synonyms: Arrabidaea bilabiata (Sprague) Sandwith, Arrabidaea bilabiata Sprague
Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1982: 76. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: swamps. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 21605 (AMAZ!, MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


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 Arrabidaea biternata Huber


Arrabidaea biternata Huber = Arrabidaea bracteolata (A. DC.) Sandwith

Reference: FP 1362: 17. 


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 Arrabidaea brachypoda (A. DC.) Bureau



Arrabidaea brachypoda (A. DC.) Bureau

Synonyms: Arrabidaea brachypoda (Cham.) Bureau & K. Schum., Arrabidaea brachypoda A. DC., Arrabidaea brachypoda Cham.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1362: 18; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 78. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & Prance 16394 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


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 Arrabidaea bracteolata (A. DC.) Sandwith



Arrabidaea bracteolata (A. DC.) Sandwith

Synonyms: Arrabidaea bracteolata A. DC., Arrabidaea bracteolata Huber
Reference: Flora Peru: 1362: 17. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & Revilla 16619 (AMAZ!, MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Arrabidaea candelabrum Kranzlin


Arrabidaea candelabrum Kranzlin = Arrabidaea spicata Bureau & K. Schum.

Reference: FP 1362: 25; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 42. 


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 Arrabidaea candicans (Richard) A. DC.



Arrabidaea candicans (Richard) A. DC.

Synonyms: Arrabidaea candicans A. DC., Arrabidaea candicans Bureau & K. Schum., Arrabidaea candicans Richard, Arrabidaea candicans Sprague
Reference: Flora Peru: 1362: 21; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 79. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 37651 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Arrabidaea chica (Bonpl. in Humb. & Bonpl.) Verl.



Arrabidaea chica (Bonpl. in Humb. & Bonpl.) Verl.

Synonyms: Arrabidaea chica Bonpl. in Humb. & Bonpl.
Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1982: 85. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: terra firme forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: N&uacute;&ntilde;ez & Motocanchi 8765 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Loreto, Madre de Dios.


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 Arrabidaea cinnamomea (A. DC.) Sandwith



Arrabidaea cinnamomea (A. DC.) Sandwith

Synonyms: Arrabidaea cinnamomea A. DC.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1362: 19. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 63535 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


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 Arrabidaea corallina (Jacq.) Sandwith



Arrabidaea corallina (Jacq.) Sandwith

Synonyms: Arrabidaea corallina (Kunth) Bureau, Arrabidaea corallina Jacq., Arrabidaea corallina Kunth, Arrabidaea corallina Rusby
Reference: Flora Peru: 1362: 19; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 89. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & Young 31759 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, Piura, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes, Ucayali.


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 Arrabidaea divaricata Bureau & K. Schum.


Arrabidaea divaricata Bureau & K. Schum. = Arrabidaea florida A. DC.

Reference: FP 1362: 20; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 96. 


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 Arrabidaea egensis Bureau & K. Schum.



Arrabidaea egensis Bureau & K. Schum.

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1982: 94. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: McKenna & MacRae DMK-60 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Arrabidaea elliptica Bureau & K. Schum.


Arrabidaea elliptica Bureau & K. Schum. = Arrabidaea platyphylla A. DC.

Reference: FP 1362: 22. 


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 Arrabidaea fanshawei Sandwith



Arrabidaea fanshawei Sandwith

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1982: 95. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & D&iacute;az 28163 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Arrabidaea florida A. DC.



Arrabidaea florida A. DC.

Synonyms: Arrabidaea florida Bureau & K. Schum.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1362: 20; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 96. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & Smith 45099 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


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 Arrabidaea inaequalis (DC. ex Splitgerber) Schumann



Arrabidaea inaequalis (DC. ex Splitgerber) Schumann

Synonyms: Arrabidaea inaequalis (DC. ex Splitgerber) Pichon, Arrabidaea inaequalis DC. ex Splitgerber
Reference: Flora Peru: 1362: 21; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 100. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: grasslands, terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & Smith 41428 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Arrabidaea japurensis (A. DC.) Bureau & K. Schum.



Arrabidaea japurensis (A. DC.) Bureau & K. Schum.

Synonyms: Arrabidaea japurensis (A. DC.) Sandwith, Arrabidaea japurensis A. DC., Arrabidaea japurensis Bureau & K. Schum.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1362: 40; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 101. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 31558 (AMAZ!, MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco.


$


 Arrabidaea lenticellosa Bureau & K. Schum.


Arrabidaea lenticellosa Bureau & K. Schum. = Arrabidaea japurensis (A. DC.) Bureau & K. Schum.

Reference: FP 1362: 40; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 101. 


$


 Arrabidaea macrocarpa Kuntze


Arrabidaea macrocarpa Kuntze = Cuspidaria floribunda (A. DC.) A.H. Gentry

Reference: FP 1362: 23. 


$


 Arrabidaea macrophylla Schumann


Arrabidaea macrophylla Schumann = Arrabidaea platyphylla A. DC.

Reference: FP 1362: 22. 


$


 Arrabidaea nicotianiflora Kraenzl.



Arrabidaea nicotianiflora Kraenzl.

Synonyms: Arrabidaea nicotianiflora (Kranzlin) Sandwith, Arrabidaea nicotianiflora Kranzlin
Reference: Flora Peru: 1362: 41. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 19775 (MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios.


$


 Arrabidaea obliqua (Kunth) Bureau


Arrabidaea obliqua (Kunth) Bureau = Arrabidaea corallina (Jacq.) Sandwith

Reference: FP 1362: 19; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 89. 


$


 Arrabidaea orbignyana A. DC.


Arrabidaea orbignyana A. DC. = Arrabidaea candicans (Richard) A. DC.

Reference: FP 1362: 21; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 79. 


$


 Arrabidaea pachycalyx Sprague


Arrabidaea pachycalyx Sprague = Arrabidaea candicans (Richard) A. DC.

Reference: FP 1362: 21; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 79. 


$


 Arrabidaea patellifera (Schltdl.) Sandwith



Arrabidaea patellifera (Schltdl.) Sandwith

Synonyms: Arrabidaea patellifera (Schltdl.) Miers, Arrabidaea patellifera Kranzlin, Arrabidaea patellifera Schltdl.
Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1982: 111. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 58055 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Arrabidaea pearcei (Rusby) Schum. ex Urb.



Arrabidaea pearcei (Rusby) Schum. ex Urb.

Synonyms: Arrabidaea pearcei Rusby
Reference: Flora Peru: 1362: 22; Gentry, A. H., 1977: 40. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 25763 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Arrabidaea pentstemonoides Kranzlin


Arrabidaea pentstemonoides Kranzlin = Arrabidaea nicotianiflora Kraenzl.

Reference: FP 1362: 28; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 111. 


$


 Arrabidaea platyphylla (Cham.) Bureau & K. Schum.


Arrabidaea platyphylla (Cham.) Bureau & K. Schum. = Arrabidaea brachypoda (A. DC.) Bureau

Reference: FP 1362: 18; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 78. 


$


 Arrabidaea platyphylla A. DC.



Arrabidaea platyphylla A. DC.

Synonyms: Arrabidaea platyphylla Bureau & K. Schum., Arrabidaea platyphylla Schumann, Arrabidaea platyphylla Sprague
Reference: Flora Peru: 1362: 22. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 31183 (AMAZ!, MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.


$


 Arrabidaea poeppigii (A. DC.) Sandwith



Arrabidaea poeppigii (A. DC.) Sandwith

Synonyms: Arrabidaea poeppigii (A. DC.) Sandwith, Arrabidaea poeppigii A. DC., Arrabidaea poeppigii Poepp. ex Bureau & K. Schum.


$


 Arrabidaea pubescens (L.) A.H. Gentry



Arrabidaea pubescens (L.) A.H. Gentry

Synonyms: Arrabidaea pubescens L.
Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1982: 113. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Coastal: seasonally inundated areas, terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & N&uacute;&ntilde;ez 54243 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes, Ucayali.


$


 Arrabidaea quinquenervis Bureau & K. Schum.


Arrabidaea quinquenervis Bureau & K. Schum. = Arrabidaea candicans (Richard) A. DC.

Reference: FP 1362: 23. 


$


 Arrabidaea revillae A.H. Gentry



Arrabidaea revillae A.H. Gentry

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1978: 726. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Revilla 718* (AMAZ!, MO!), Croat 19355 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Arrabidaea rubrinervis Miers


Arrabidaea rubrinervis Miers = Cuspidaria floribunda (A. DC.) A.H. Gentry

Reference: FP 1362: 23. 


$


 Arrabidaea schumanniana Huber


Arrabidaea schumanniana Huber = Clytostoma binatum (Thunb.) Sandwith

Reference: FP 1362: 24. 


$


 Arrabidaea selloi (Sprengel) Sandwith



Arrabidaea selloi (Sprengel) Sandwith

Synonyms: Arrabidaea selloi Sprengel
Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1982: 116. 
Ecology: Native liana. Andean I: dry valleys. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: N&uacute;&ntilde;ez & Walsh 6286 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Arrabidaea spicata Bureau & K. Schum.



Arrabidaea spicata Bureau & K. Schum.

Synonyms: Arrabidaea spicata Kranzlin
Reference: Flora Peru: 1362: 25; Gentry, A. H., 1977: 42. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Spruce 4535* (NY!), Gentry et al. 19652 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Arrabidaea subfastigiata Bureau ex Bureau & Schumann


Arrabidaea subfastigiata Bureau ex Bureau & Schumann = Cuspidaria floribunda (A. DC.) A.H. Gentry

Reference: FP 1362: 23. 


$


 Arrabidaea trailii Sprague



Arrabidaea trailii Sprague

$


 Arrabidaea tuberculata A. DC.



Arrabidaea tuberculata A. DC.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1362: 25. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 51319 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Arrabidaea verrucosa (Standl.) A.H. Gentry



Arrabidaea verrucosa (Standl.) A.H. Gentry

Synonyms: Arrabidaea verrucosa (Standl.) Standl., Arrabidaea verrucosa Standl., Arrabidaea verrucosa Standl.
Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1982: 118. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry 43529 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco.


$


 Arrabidaea weberbaueri Sprague


Arrabidaea weberbaueri Sprague = Cuspidaria weberbaueri (Sprague) A.H. Gentry

Reference: FP 1362: 26; Gentry, A. H., 1973: 233. 


$


 Arrabidaea whitei (Rusby) Sandwith



Arrabidaea whitei (Rusby) Sandwith

Synonyms: Arrabidaea whitei (Rusby) Sandwith, Arrabidaea whitei Rusby


$


 Arrabidaea xanthophylla (A. DC.) Bureau & K. Schum.


Arrabidaea xanthophylla (A. DC.) Bureau & K. Schum. = Spathicalyx xanthophylla (A. DC.) A.H. Gentry

Reference: FP 1362: 65; Gentry, A. H., 1977: 137. 


$


 Arracacha esculenta DC.


Arracacha esculenta DC. = ?  

Reference: FP 1293: 18; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 45. 


$


 Arracacia acuminata Benth.


Arracacia acuminata Benth. = ?  

Reference: FP 1293: 78. 


$


 Arracacia andina Britton



Arracacia andina Britton

Reference: Flora Peru: 1293: 14; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 46. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: rocky slopes, shrublands. 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Possibly a synonym of A. xanthorrhiza Bancroft (Constance, pers. comm.).  
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui & Mostacero 9124 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Arracacia elata H. Wolff



Arracacia elata H. Wolff

Reference: Flora Peru: 1293: 15; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 43. 
Ecology: Endemic herb, shrub. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, riversides, rocky slopes. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4423* (F), D&iacute;az et al. 2648 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, La Libertad, Piura, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Arracacia equatorialis Constance



Arracacia equatorialis Constance

Reference: Flora Peru: 1293: 16; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 46. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: shrublands. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 8795 (F)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Arracacia esculenta DC.


Arracacia esculenta DC. = Arracacia xanthorrhiza Bancr.

Reference: FP 1293: 18; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 45. 


$


 Arracacia incisa H. Wolff



Arracacia incisa H. Wolff

Reference: Flora Peru: 1293: 16. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 165* (B), Hutchison & Tovar 4234 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lima, Pasco.


$


 Arracacia peruviana (H. Wolff) Constance



Arracacia peruviana (H. Wolff) Constance

Synonyms: Arracacia peruviana H. Wolff
Reference: Flora Peru: 1293: 18. 
Ecology: Endemic herb, shrub. Andean II: rocky slopes, shrublands. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 2748* (F), Sag&aacute;stegui 11447 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Lima, Moquegua.


$


 Arracacia xanthorrhiza Bancr.



Arracacia xanthorrhiza Bancr.

Synonyms: Arracacia xanthorrhiza (Bancr.) Billb., Arracacia xanthorrhiza DC., Arracacia xanthorrhiza Hook.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1293: 18; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 45. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Brunel 545 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Lima.


$


 Arrhostoxylum haenkeanum Nees


Arrhostoxylum haenkeanum Nees = Ruellia haenkeana (Nees) Wassh.

Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1988: 423. 


$


 Arrhostoxylum pedunculosum Nees


Arrhostoxylum pedunculosum Nees = Ruellia pedunculosa (Nees) B.D. Jacks. & Hook. f.

Reference: Wasshausen, pers. comm.. 


$


 Artanthe acutifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Miq.


Artanthe acutifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Miq. = Piper acutifolium var. acutifolium 

Reference: FP 1216: 131. 


$


 Artanthe alveolata (Opiz in Presl) Miq.


Artanthe alveolata (Opiz in Presl) Miq. = Piper alveolatum Opiz in Presl

Reference: FP 1216: 133. 


$


 Artanthe amazonica Miq.


Artanthe amazonica Miq. = Piper coruscans Kunth

Reference: Tebbs, M. C., 1990: 232. 


$


 Artanthe areolata Miq.


Artanthe areolata Miq. = Piper areolatum (Miq.) C. DC.

Reference: FP 1216: 136. 


$


 Artanthe asperifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Miq.


Artanthe asperifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Miq. = Piper asperifolium Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1216: 138. 


$


 Artanthe bartlingianum Miq.


Artanthe bartlingianum Miq. = Piper bartlingianum (Miq.) C. DC.

$


 Artanthe brongniartii Miq.


Artanthe brongniartii Miq. = Piper brongniartii (Miq.) C. DC.

Reference: FP 1216: 142. 


$


 Artanthe brunoniana Miq.


Artanthe brunoniana Miq. = Piper lanceolatum Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1216: 180. 


$


 Artanthe casapiensis Miq.


Artanthe casapiensis Miq. = Piper casapiense (Miq.) C. DC.

Reference: FP 1216: 146. 


$


 Artanthe cassinoides (Opiz in Presl) Miq.


Artanthe cassinoides (Opiz in Presl) Miq. = Piper cassinoides Opiz in Presl

Reference: FP 1216: 147. 


$


 Artanthe churumayu (Ruiz & Pav.) Miq.


Artanthe churumayu (Ruiz & Pav.) Miq. = Piper churumayu Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1216: 149. 


$


 Artanthe crocata (R. & P.) Miq.


Artanthe crocata (R. & P.) Miq. = Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1216: 155. 


$


 Artanthe curvata (R. & P.) Miq.


Artanthe curvata (R. & P.) Miq. = Piper curvatum Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1216: 156. 


$


 Artanthe dasyoura Miq.


Artanthe dasyoura Miq. = Piper dasyoura (Miq.) C. DC.

Reference: FP 1216: 157. 


$


 Artanthe dasypoda Miq.


Artanthe dasypoda Miq. = ?  

Reference: FP 1216: 157. 


$


 Artanthe decurrens Fourn.


Artanthe decurrens Fourn. = Piper magnificum Trel.

Reference: FP 1216: 187. 


$


 Artanthe demerarana Miq.


Artanthe demerarana Miq. = Piper demeraranum (Miq.) C. DC.

$


 Artanthe durvilleana Miq.


Artanthe durvilleana Miq. = Piper durvilleanum (Miquel) Trel.

Reference: FP 1216: 160. 


$


 Artanthe elongata (Vahl) Miq.


Artanthe elongata (Vahl) Miq. = Piper aduncum L.

Reference: FP 1216: 161. 


$


 Artanthe endlicheriana Miq.


Artanthe endlicheriana Miq. = Piper endlicherianum (Miquel) Trel.

Reference: FP 1216: 162. 


$


 Artanthe excavata (Ruiz & Pav.) Miq.


Artanthe excavata (Ruiz & Pav.) Miq. = Piper excavatum Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1216: 164. 


$


 Artanthe formosa Miq.


Artanthe formosa Miq. = Piper formosum (Miq.) C. DC.

Reference: FP 1216: 166. 


$


 Artanthe gracilis (Ruiz & Pav.) Miq.


Artanthe gracilis (Ruiz & Pav.) Miq. = Piper gracile Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1216: 169. 


$


 Artanthe granulosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Miq.


Artanthe granulosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Miq. = Piper granulosum Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1216: 169. 


$


 Artanthe guianensis Klotzsch


Artanthe guianensis Klotzsch = Piper guianense (Klotzsch) C. DC.

$


 Artanthe haenkeana Miq.


Artanthe haenkeana Miq. = Piper paulianifolium Trel.

Reference: FP 1216: 205. 


$


 Artanthe heterophylla (Ruiz & Pav.) Miq.


Artanthe heterophylla (Ruiz & Pav.) Miq. = Piper heterophyllum Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1216: 172; Trelease, W. & T. G. Yuncker, 1950: 51. 


$


 Artanthe hookeriana Miq.


Artanthe hookeriana Miq. = Piper hookerianum (Miq.) C. DC.

Reference: FP 1216: 172. 


$


 Artanthe hostmanniana Miq.


Artanthe hostmanniana Miq. = Piper hostmannianum (Miq.) C. DC.

$


 Artanthe lanceaefolia (Kunth) Miq.


Artanthe lanceaefolia (Kunth) Miq. = Piper lanceifolium Kunth

Reference: FP 1216: 180; Trelease, W. & T. G. Yuncker, 1950: 193. 


$


 Artanthe laurifolia Miq.


Artanthe laurifolia Miq. = Piper laurinum Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1216: 181. 


$


 Artanthe lehmanniana Miq.


Artanthe lehmanniana Miq. = Piper lehmannianum (Miq.) C. DC.

Reference: FP 1216: 182. 


$


 Artanthe lineata (Ruiz & Pav.) Miq.


Artanthe lineata (Ruiz & Pav.) Miq. = Piper lineatum var. lineatum 

Reference: FP 1216: 184; Trelease, W. & T. G. Yuncker, 1950: 183. 


$


 Artanthe magnifica Linden


Artanthe magnifica Linden = Piper magnificum Trel.

Reference: FP 1216: 187. 


$


 Artanthe magnifica Miq.


Artanthe magnifica Miq. = Piper obliquum Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1216: 197; Tebbs, M. C., 1989: 129. 


$


 Artanthe mitis (Ruiz & Pav.) Miq.


Artanthe mitis (Ruiz & Pav.) Miq. = Piper mite Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1216: 192. 


$


 Artanthe obesa (M. Vahl) Miq.


Artanthe obesa (M. Vahl) Miq. = Piper obesum M. Vahl

Reference: FP 1216: 197. 


$


 Artanthe oblongata (Opiz in Presl) Miq.


Artanthe oblongata (Opiz in Presl) Miq. = Piper oblongatum Opiz in Presl

Reference: FP 1216: 198. 


$


 Artanthe obovata (Kunth) Miq.


Artanthe obovata (Kunth) Miq. = Piper atroglandulosum Tebbs

Reference: FP 1216: 199; Tebbs, M. C., 1990: 200. 


$


 Artanthe opizii (Kunth) Miq.


Artanthe opizii (Kunth) Miq. = Piper opizii (Kunth) Steud.

Reference: FP 1216: 201. 


$


 Artanthe pavonii Miq.


Artanthe pavonii Miq. = Piper pavonii (Miq.) C. DC.

Reference: FP 1216: 206. 


$


 Artanthe peruviana Miq.


Artanthe peruviana Miq. = Piper peruvianum (Miq.) C. DC.

Reference: FP 1216: 208. 


$


 Artanthe peruviana var. laevigata Miq.


Artanthe peruviana var. laevigata Miq. = Piper peruvianum (Miq.) C. DC.

Reference: FP 1216: 208. 


$


 Artanthe phthinotricha Miq.


Artanthe phthinotricha Miq. = Piper phytolaccaefolium Opiz ex C. Presl

Reference: FP 1216: 209; Trelease, W. & T. G. Yuncker, 1950: 51. 


$


 Artanthe poeppigii (Kunth) Miq.


Artanthe poeppigii (Kunth) Miq. = Piper pseudomollicomum var. pseudomollicomum 

Reference: FP 1216: 217. 


$


 Artanthe poeppigii var. glabrior Miq.


Artanthe poeppigii var. glabrior Miq. = Piper glabrius Trel.

Reference: FP 1216: 168. 


$


 Artanthe polyneura Miq.


Artanthe polyneura Miq. = Piper indecorum Kunth

Reference: FP 1216: 176; Jones, A. G., 1985: 3. 


$


 Artanthe pseudochurumayu (Kunth) Miq.


Artanthe pseudochurumayu (Kunth) Miq. = Piper coruscans Kunth

Reference: FP 1216: 216; Tebbs, M. C., 1990: 232. 


$


 Artanthe punctata Miq.


Artanthe punctata Miq. = Piper heterophyllum Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1216: 219. 


$


 Artanthe ruiziana Miq.


Artanthe ruiziana Miq. = Piper reticulatum var. reticulatum 

Reference: FP 1216: 223. 


$


 Artanthe salviaefolia Miq.


Artanthe salviaefolia Miq. = Piper elongatum var. salviaefolium (Miq.) Trel.

Reference: FP 1216: 162. 


$


 Artanthe scutata Miq.


Artanthe scutata Miq. = Piper subscutatum (Miquel) C. DC.

Reference: FP 1216: 240. 


$


 Artanthe secunda (Ruiz & Pav.) Miq.


Artanthe secunda (Ruiz & Pav.) Miq. = Piper secundum Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1216: 231. 


$


 Artanthe sororia Miq.


Artanthe sororia Miq. = Piper sororium (Miquel) C. DC.

Reference: FP 1216: 236. 


$


 Artanthe stupposa (A. Dietr.) Miq.


Artanthe stupposa (A. Dietr.) Miq. = Piper stupposum A. Dietr.

Reference: FP 1216: 239. 


$


 Artanthe tenuicuspis Miq.


Artanthe tenuicuspis Miq. = Piper tenuicuspe var. tenuicuspe 

Reference: FP 1216: 242. 


$


 Artanthe tuberculata (Jacq.) Miq.


Artanthe tuberculata (Jacq.) Miq. = Piper arboreum subsp. tuberculatum (Jacq.) Tebbs

Reference: FP 1216: 246; Tebbs, M. C., 1989: 156. 


$


 Artanthe velutina (Kunth) Miq.


Artanthe velutina (Kunth) Miq. = Piper velutinum Kunth

Reference: FP 1216: 249. 


$


 Artanthe verbascifolia Miq.


Artanthe verbascifolia Miq. = Piper verbascifolium (Miq.) C. DC.

Reference: FP 1216: 249. 


$


 Artemisia absinthium L.



Artemisia absinthium L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1417: 3. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb. Andean II: disturbed areas. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Cerrate 3810 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Artemisia annua L.



Artemisia annua L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1417: 4. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb. Andean II: disturbed areas. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ridoutt s.n. (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Arthraxon amplexifolium Tiegh.


Arthraxon amplexifolium Tiegh. = Psittacanthus chanduyensis Eichler

Reference: FP 1238: 402. 


$


 Arthrocereus bylesianus (Andreae & Backeberg) Buxb.


Arthrocereus bylesianus (Andreae & Backeberg) Buxb. = Pygmaeocereus bylesianus Andreae & Backeberg

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1427. 


$


 Arthrocereus rowleyanus (Backeb.) Buxb.


Arthrocereus rowleyanus (Backeb.) Buxb. = Pygmaeocereus bylesianus Andreae & Backeberg

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1427; Hunt, D., 1992: 35. 


$


 Arthrosamanea corymbosa (Rich.) Kleinhoonte


Arthrosamanea corymbosa (Rich.) Kleinhoonte = Albizia corymbosa (Rich.) G.P. Lewis & P.E. Owen

Reference: FP 21: 53; Lewis, G. P. & P. E. Owen, 1989: 40. 


$


 Arthrosamanea multiflora (Kunth) Kleinhoonte


Arthrosamanea multiflora (Kunth) Kleinhoonte = Pithecellobium multiflorum (Kunth) Benth.

Reference: FP 21: 59; 9782: 252. 


$


 Arthrostemma caulialata Ruiz & Pav.


Arthrostemma caulialata Ruiz & Pav. = Aciotis caulialata (Ruiz & Pav.) Triana

Reference: FP 761: 296. 


$


 Arthrostemma ciliatum Ruiz & Pav.



Arthrostemma ciliatum Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Arthrostemma ciliatum Bonpl., Arthrostemma ciliatum Markgr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 260; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 98. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, riversides. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 8522 (US!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes.


$


 Arthrostemma grandiflorum Markgr.


Arthrostemma grandiflorum Markgr. = Arthrostemma ciliatum Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 761: 260; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 98. 


$


 Arthrostemma lineatum D. Don


Arthrostemma lineatum D. Don = Monochaetum lineatum (D. Don) Naudin

Reference: FP 761: 300; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 96. 


$


 Arthrostylidium haenkei Rupr.


Arthrostylidium haenkei Rupr. = Aulonemia haenkei (Rupr.) McClure

Reference: FP 719: 109; McClure, F. A., 1973: 56. 


$


 Arthrostylidium harmonicum Parodi


Arthrostylidium harmonicum Parodi = Rhipidocladum harmonicum (Parodi) McClure

Reference: Clark, L. G. & X. Londo&ntilde;o, 1991: 1271; McClure, F. A., 1973: 105. 


$


 Arthrostylidium maculatum Rupr.


Arthrostylidium maculatum Rupr. = Aulonemia parviflora (J. Presl) McClure

Reference: FP 719: 108; McClure, F. A., 1973: 58. 


$


 Arthrostylidium queko (Goudot) Hack.


Arthrostylidium queko (Goudot) Hack. = Aulonemia queko Goudot

Reference: McClure, F. A., 1973: 58. 


$


 Arthrostylidium racemiflorum Steud.


Arthrostylidium racemiflorum Steud. = Rhipidocladum racemiflorum (Steud.) McClure

Reference: FP 719: 108; McClure, F. A., 1973: 106. 


$


 Arthrostylidium simpliciusculum (Pilg.) McClure



Arthrostylidium simpliciusculum (Pilg.) McClure

Synonyms: Arthrostylidium simpliciusculum Pilg.
Reference: Judziewicz, E. J. & L. G. Clark, 1993: 95; McClure, F. A., 1973: 20. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: forests, riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 5475 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Arthrostylidium venezuelae (Steud.) McClure



Arthrostylidium venezuelae (Steud.) McClure

Synonyms: Arthrostylidium venezuelae Steud.
Reference: Judziewicz, E. J. & L. G. Clark, 1993: 98; McClure, F. A., 1973: 21. 
Ecology: Native vine. Andean II: forests. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Barbour 3610 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg



Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg

Synonyms: Artocarpus altilis (Thunb.) L. f., Artocarpus altilis Parkinson, Artocarpus altilis Thunb.
Reference: Fosberg, F. R., 1941: 95. 
Ecology: Introduced tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ancuash 311 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto.


$


 Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.



Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.

Reference: Woodson Jr., R. E. & R. W. Schery, 1960: 116. 
Ecology: Introduced tree. Andean I: disturbed areas. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: N&uacute;&ntilde;ez et al. 11883 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Artocarpus incisa (Thunb.) L. f.


Artocarpus incisa (Thunb.) L. f. = Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg

Reference: FP 1233: 274; Fosberg, F. R., 1941: 95. 


$


 Arum arborescens L.


Arum arborescens L. = Montrichardia arborescens (L.) Schott

Reference: Engler, A., 1920: 93. 


$


 Arum bicolor Aiton


Arum bicolor Aiton = Caladium bicolor (Aiton) Vent.

Reference: FP 853: 483; Madison, M. T., 1981: 370. 


$


 Arum cordatum Vell.


Arum cordatum Vell. = Philodendron cordatum (Vell.) Kunth

Reference: FP 853: 470; Mayo, pers. comm.. 
Note: NN  


$


 Arum esculentum L.


Arum esculentum L. = Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott & Endl.

Reference: Engler, A., 1920: 95. 


$


 Arum helleborifolium Jacq.


Arum helleborifolium Jacq. = Xanthosoma helleborifolium (Jacq.) Schott

Reference: FP 853: 481. 


$


 Arum liniferum Arruda da Camara in Koster


Arum liniferum Arruda da Camara in Koster = Montrichardia linifera (Arruda da Camara in Koster) Schott

Reference: Engler, A., 1920: 96. 


$


 Arum macrorrhizon L.


Arum macrorrhizon L. = Alocasia macrorrhizos (L.) G. Don

Reference: Engler, A. & K. Krause, 1920: 84. 


$


 Arum sagittaefolium L.


Arum sagittaefolium L. = Xanthosoma sagittifolium (L.) Schott

Reference: Bunting, G., 1979: 281. 


$


 Arum tripartitum Jacq.


Arum tripartitum Jacq. = Philodendron tripartitum (Jacq.) Schott

Reference: FP 853: 478. 
Note: NN  


$


 Arundinaria haenkei (Rupr.) Hack.


Arundinaria haenkei (Rupr.) Hack. = Aulonemia haenkei (Rupr.) McClure

Reference: FP 719: 109; McClure, F. A., 1973: 56. 


$


 Arundinaria hirtula Pilg.


Arundinaria hirtula Pilg. = Aulonemia hirtula (Pilg.) McClure

Reference: FP 719: 110; McClure, F. A., 1973: 56. 


$


 Arundinaria humillima Pilg.


Arundinaria humillima Pilg. = Aulonemia humillima (Pilg.) McClure

Reference: FP 719: 110; McClure, F. A., 1973: 56. 


$


 Arundinaria parviflora Trin.


Arundinaria parviflora Trin. = Rhipidocladum parviflorum (Trin.) McClure

Reference: McClure, F. A., 1973: 105. 


$


 Arundinaria patula Pilg.


Arundinaria patula Pilg. = Aulonemia patula (Pilg.) McClure

Reference: FP 719: 110; McClure, F. A., 1973: 58. 


$


 Arundinaria setifera Pilg.


Arundinaria setifera Pilg. = Aulonemia haenkei (Rupr.) McClure

Reference: FP 719: 109; McClure, F. A., 1973: 56. 


$


 Arundinaria simpliciuscula Pilg.


Arundinaria simpliciuscula Pilg. = Arthrostylidium simpliciusculum (Pilg.) McClure

Reference: McClure, F. A., 1973: 20. 


$


 Arundinella berteroniana (Schult.) Hitchc. & Chase



Arundinella berteroniana (Schult.) Hitchc. & Chase

Synonyms: Arundinella berteroniana (J. Presl) Kunth, Arundinella berteroniana (J. Presl) Steud., Arundinella berteroniana J. Presl, Arundinella berteroniana Schult., Arundinella berteroniana Trin.
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 199. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, riversides, rocky slopes. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Smith & Alb&aacute;n 5548 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Arundinella confinis (Schult.) Hitchc. & Chase


Arundinella confinis (Schult.) Hitchc. & Chase = Arundinella hispida (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Kuntze

Reference: Tovar, O., 1981: 108; Renvoize, S. A., 1984: 97. 


$


 Arundinella crinita Trin.


Arundinella crinita Trin. = Arundinella berteroniana (Schult.) Hitchc. & Chase

Reference: FP 719: 199. 


$


 Arundinella hispida (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Kuntze



Arundinella hispida (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Kuntze

Synonyms: Arundinella hispida (Schult.) Hitchc. & Chase, Arundinella hispida Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd., Arundinella hispida Schult.
Reference: Renvoize, S. A., 1984: 97. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Tovar 7601 (USM)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Arundinella peruviana (J. Presl) Steud.


Arundinella peruviana (J. Presl) Steud. = Arundinella berteroniana (Schult.) Hitchc. & Chase

Reference: FP 719: 199. 


$


 Arundo australis Cav.


Arundo australis Cav. = Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.

Reference: FP 719: 199. 


$


 Arundo donax L.



Arundo donax L.

Reference: McVaugh, R., 1983: 69. 
Ecology: Introduced herb. Andean II: disturbed areas, riversides. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Herrera 3390 (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco.


$


 Arundo nitida Kunth


Arundo nitida Kunth = Cortaderia nitida (Kunth) Pilg.

Reference: FP 719: 138. 


$


 Arundo phragmites L.


Arundo phragmites L. = Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.

Reference: FP 719: 137; McVaugh, R., 1983: 337. 


$


 Aschersoniodoxa cachensis (Spegazzini) Al-Shehbaz



Aschersoniodoxa cachensis (Spegazzini) Al-Shehbaz

Synonyms: Aschersoniodoxa cachensis Spegazzini
Reference: Al-Shehbaz, I. A., 1990: 392. 
Ecology. 4000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Cerrate 1514 (GH)
Departments: Ancash, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Aschersoniodoxa pilosa Al-Shehbaz



Aschersoniodoxa pilosa Al-Shehbaz

Reference: Al-Shehbaz, I. A., 1990: 390. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: rocky slopes.  > 4500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Peyton & Peyton 112* (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Ascidiogyne sanchezvegae Cabrera



Ascidiogyne sanchezvegae Cabrera

Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 154, 485. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: bogs, grasslands, shrublands. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: S&aacute;nchez 1236 (US!), Dillon & Molau 3016 (F!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Ascidiogyne wurdackii Cuatrec.



Ascidiogyne wurdackii Cuatrec.

Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 154, 485. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: bogs. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Wurdack 1716* (US)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Asclepias alba Cav.


Asclepias alba Cav. = ?  

$


 Asclepias altissima Jacq.


Asclepias altissima Jacq. = Marsdenia altissima (Jacq.) Dugand

Reference: Morillo, G., 1978: 36. 


$


 Asclepias clausa Jacq.


Asclepias clausa Jacq. = Sarcostemma clausum (Jacq.) Schult.

Reference: Holm, R. W., 1950: 511. 


$


 Asclepias curassavica L.



Asclepias curassavica L.

Reference: Spellman, D. L., 1975: 110. 
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: beach, disturbed areas, grasslands, riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Smith et al. 6333 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Arequipa, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes, Ucayali.


$


 Asclepias fruticosa L.



Asclepias fruticosa L.

Synonyms: Asclepias fruticosa (L.) W.T. Aiton
Reference: Flora Peru: Goyder, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Introduced herb, subshrub. . 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7454 (K!)
Departments: Moquegua.


$


 Asclepias macrophylla Humb. & Bonpl. ex Schult. in Roem. & Schult.


Asclepias macrophylla Humb. & Bonpl. ex Schult. in Roem. & Schult. = Marsdenia macrophylla (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Schult. in Roem. & Schult.) E. Fourn.

Reference: Morillo, G., 1978: 47. 


$


 Asclepias physocarpa (E. Mey.) Schltr.



Asclepias physocarpa (E. Mey.) Schltr.

Synonyms: Asclepias physocarpa E. Mey.
Reference: Schlechter, R., 1896: 8. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb, shrub, subshrub. Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-3500 m. 
Voucher: N&uacute;&ntilde;ez & Walsh 6335 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Lima.


$


 Aspegrenia scirpoidea Poepp. & Endl.


Aspegrenia scirpoidea Poepp. & Endl. = Octomeria scirpoidea (Poeppig & Endlicher) Rchb. f.

Reference: FP 1467: 364; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Aspidium articulatum Sw.


Aspidium articulatum Sw. = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 244. 


$


 Aspidium biserratum Sw.


Aspidium biserratum Sw. = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 229. 


$


 Aspidium eminens Wickstr.



Aspidium eminens Wickstr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 227. 


$


 Aspidium nodosum Willd.


Aspidium nodosum Willd. = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 245. 


$


 Aspidium pectinatum Willd.


Aspidium pectinatum Willd. = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 233. 


$


 Aspidium pendulum Raddi


Aspidium pendulum Raddi = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 230. 


$


 Aspidium pendulum Splitg.


Aspidium pendulum Splitg. = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 246. 


$


 Aspidium rostratum Kunth


Aspidium rostratum Kunth = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 111. 


$


 Aspidium tuberosum Bory ex Willd.


Aspidium tuberosum Bory ex Willd. = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 230. 


$


 Aspidogyne boliviensis (Cogn. apud O. Kuntze) Garay


Aspidogyne boliviensis (Cogn. apud O. Kuntze) Garay = Erythrodes boliviensis (Cogn.) Dodson & M.W. Chase

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Aspidogyne multifoliata (C. Schweinf.) Garay


Aspidogyne multifoliata (C. Schweinf.) Garay = Erythrodes multifoliata C. Schweinf.

Reference: Garay, L. A., 1978: 292; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Aspidophyllum clypeatum Ulbrich


Aspidophyllum clypeatum Ulbrich = Ranunculus clypeatus (Ulbrich) Lourteig

Reference: FP 1272: 657; Lourteig, A., 1956: 166. 


$


 Aspidosperma acanthocarpum Markgr.


Aspidosperma acanthocarpum Markgr. = Aspidosperma inundatum Ducke

Reference: FP 1343: 384. 
Note: NN  


$


 Aspidosperma araracanga Marcondes-Ferreira



Aspidosperma araracanga Marcondes-Ferreira

Reference: Marcondes-Ferreira, W., 1991: 127. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Castillo 17 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Ucayali.


$


 Aspidosperma capitatum L.O. Williams



Aspidosperma capitatum L.O. Williams

Reference: Williams, L. O., 1967: 249. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian, Andean I: terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Guti&eacute;rrez 95* (F, MOL), Gentry 42069 (MO)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Pasco.


$


 Aspidosperma carapanauba Pichon



Aspidosperma carapanauba Pichon

Synonyms: Aspidosperma carapanauba Kuhlmann
Reference: Woodson Jr., R. E., 1951: 169. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry 43676 (MO)
Departments: Madre de Dios.


$


 Aspidosperma cruentum Woodson



Aspidosperma cruentum Woodson

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1984: 1076. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   The specimen cited in Gentry (1984), Revilla 2367, has been  determined as an unpublished species of Aspidosperma by W. Marcondes-Ferreira (UEC). 


$


 Aspidosperma cuspa (Kunth) S. F. Blake ex Pittier



Aspidosperma cuspa (Kunth) S. F. Blake ex Pittier

Synonyms: Aspidosperma cuspa Kunth, Aspidosperma cuspa Markgr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1343: 384. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Presumed to occur in Peru by the Flora of Peru; no Peruvian specimens have  been seen. 


$


 Aspidosperma cylindrocarpon M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Aspidosperma cylindrocarpon M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1984: 1076. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry 40109 (MO)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto.


$


 Aspidosperma excelsum Benth.



Aspidosperma excelsum Benth.

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1984: 1076. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests on white sand, terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & Aronson 25313 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Aspidosperma inundatum Ducke



Aspidosperma inundatum Ducke

Synonyms: Aspidosperma inundatum Markgr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1343: 384. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Aspidosperma macrocarpon Mart.



Aspidosperma macrocarpon Mart.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1343: 385; Gentry, A. H., 1984: 1076. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 8673 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Aspidosperma marcgravianum Woodson



Aspidosperma marcgravianum Woodson

Reference: Flora Peru: 1343: 386; Gentry, A. H., 1984: 1076. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Foster 9274 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Aspidosperma megaphyllum Woodson



Aspidosperma megaphyllum Woodson

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1984: 1076. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Foster 5688 (MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios.


$


 Aspidosperma myristicifolium (Markgr.) Woodson



Aspidosperma myristicifolium (Markgr.) Woodson

Synonyms: Aspidosperma myristicifolium Markgr.
Reference: Woodson Jr., R. E., 1951: 169. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 26949 (MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios.


$


 Aspidosperma nitidum Benth. ex Muell. Arg.



Aspidosperma nitidum Benth. ex Muell. Arg.

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1984: 1076. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Specimens cited in Gentry (1984) have been placed under A. excelsum by W. Marcondes-Ferreira (UEC). 


$


 Aspidosperma parvifolium A. DC.



Aspidosperma parvifolium A. DC.

Synonyms: Aspidosperma parvifolium A. DC., Aspidosperma parvifolium A.H. Gentry
Reference: Woodson Jr., R. E., 1951: 150. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Hartshorn 2421 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Aspidosperma polyneuron M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Aspidosperma polyneuron M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1343: 386. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 5665 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Aspidosperma rigidum Rusby



Aspidosperma rigidum Rusby

Reference: Flora Peru: 1343: 387. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 6185 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco.


$


 Aspidosperma schultesii Woodson



Aspidosperma schultesii Woodson

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1984: 1076. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 26169 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Aspidosperma spruceanum Benth. ex Muell. Arg.



Aspidosperma spruceanum Benth. ex Muell. Arg.

Synonyms: Aspidosperma spruceanum Markgr.
Reference: Woodson Jr., R. E., 1951: 186. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Williams 5816 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Aspidosperma steinbachii Markgr.


Aspidosperma steinbachii Markgr. = Aspidosperma spruceanum Benth. ex Muell. Arg.

Reference: FP 1343: 388. 


$


 Aspidosperma tambopatense A.H. Gentry


Aspidosperma tambopatense A.H. Gentry = Aspidosperma parvifolium A. DC.

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1984: 1075. 


$


 Aspidosperma vargasii A. DC.


Aspidosperma vargasii A. DC. = Aspidosperma parvifolium A. DC.

Reference: FP 1343: 388. 


$


 Aspilia jelskii (Hieron.) S.F. Blake



Aspilia jelskii (Hieron.) S.F. Blake

Synonyms: Aspilia jelskii Hieron.
Reference: Blake, S. F., 1924: 619. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Jelski 649* (US!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Madre de Dios.


$


 Asplenium tomentosum Lam.


Asplenium tomentosum Lam. = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 84. 


$


 Asplundia acuminata (Ruiz & Pav.) Harling



Asplundia acuminata (Ruiz & Pav.) Harling

Synonyms: Asplundia acuminata (Ruiz & Pavon) Pers., Asplundia acuminata (Ruiz & Pavon) Willd., Asplundia acuminata Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Harling, G., 1958: 166. 
Ecology: Endemic liana. Andean I-II: forests. 1000-2000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6661* (F)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Asplundia alata Harling



Asplundia alata Harling

Reference: Harling, G., 1958: 223. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: forests. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 9753 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Asplundia ecuadoriensis (Harling) Harling



Asplundia ecuadoriensis (Harling) Harling

Synonyms: Asplundia ecuadoriensis Harling
Reference: Harling, G., 1958: 188. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Smith et al. 665 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Asplundia fanshawei (Maguire) Harling



Asplundia fanshawei (Maguire) Harling

Synonyms: Asplundia fanshawei Maguire
Reference: Harling, G., 1958: 233. 
Ecology: Native herb, liana. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Revilla 3694A (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Asplundia flavovaginata Harling



Asplundia flavovaginata Harling

Reference: Harling, G., 1958: 194. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I: forests. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Asplund 12943* (S), Killip & Smith 23984 (NY)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Asplundia gamotepala Harling



Asplundia gamotepala Harling

Reference: Harling, G., 1958: 250. 
Ecology: Native hemiepiphyte. Amazonian: forests on white sand. 0-500 m. 
Note: Non-woody hemiepiphyte.  
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 7966 (AMAZ!, MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Asplundia humilis (Poepp. & Endl.) Harling



Asplundia humilis (Poepp. & Endl.) Harling

Synonyms: Asplundia humilis (Poepp. & Endl.) Steud., Asplundia humilis Poepp. & Endl.
Reference: Harling, G., 1958: 252. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Poeppig 2412* (F)


$


 Asplundia latifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Harling



Asplundia latifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Harling

Synonyms: Asplundia latifolia (Ruiz & Pavon) Pers., Asplundia latifolia (Ruiz & Pavon) Willd., Asplundia latifolia Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Harling, G., 1958: 189. 
Ecology: Endemic liana. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Asplundia moritziana (Klotzsch) Harling



Asplundia moritziana (Klotzsch) Harling

Synonyms: Asplundia moritziana Klotzsch
Reference: Harling, G., 1958: 144. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Andean I-II: forests. 500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Young 3970 (F!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Asplundia parviflora Harling



Asplundia parviflora Harling

Reference: Harling, G., 1958: 158. 
Ecology: Endemic liana. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 3689* (G)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Asplundia peruviana Harling



Asplundia peruviana Harling

Reference: Harling, G., 1958: 190. 
Ecology: Native liana, hemiepiphyte. Amazonian, Andean I: swamps. 0-1000 m. 
Note: Liana or non-woody hemiepiphyte.  
Voucher: Killip & Smith 26240* (NY), Gentry et al. 51424 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Asplundia platanthera Harling



Asplundia platanthera Harling

Reference: Harling, G., 1958: 176. 
Ecology. 1500-2000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Asplund 12589* (S)


$


 Asplundia schizotepala Harling



Asplundia schizotepala Harling

Reference: Harling, G., 1958: 155. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Berlin 316 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Pasco.


$


 Asplundia ulei Harling



Asplundia ulei Harling

Reference: Harling, G., 1958: 175. 
Ecology: Endemic liana. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ule 9180* (K), Leveau 177 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Madre de Dios.


$


 Asplundia vagans Harling



Asplundia vagans Harling

Reference: Harling, G., 1958: 170. 
Ecology: Native liana, hemiepiphyte. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2000 m. 
Note: Liana or non-woody hemiepiphyte.  
Voucher: Gentry et al. 61243 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Asplundia xiphophylla Harling



Asplundia xiphophylla Harling

Reference: Harling, G., 1958: 199. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Asplund 14223* (S)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Asplundianthus sagasteguii R.M. King & H. Rob.



Asplundianthus sagasteguii R.M. King & H. Rob.

Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 346, 485. 
Ecology. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 8273 (F!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Piura.


$


 Asplundianthus scabrifolius (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Asplundianthus scabrifolius (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Asplundianthus scabrifolius B. Robinson
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 347, 485. 
Ecology: Endemic liana, shrub. Andean I-II: forests. 1000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 1873 (F!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Asplundianthus stuebelii (Hieron.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Asplundianthus stuebelii (Hieron.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Asplundianthus stuebelii Hieron.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 347, 485. 
Ecology. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 413 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Lima.


$


 Asplundianthus trachyphyllus (Hieron.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Asplundianthus trachyphyllus (Hieron.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Asplundianthus trachyphyllus Hieron.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 347, 486. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Jelski 607* (B), Jelski 697 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Astephanus peruvianus E. Fourn.



Astephanus peruvianus E. Fourn.

$


 Astephanus sprucei (E. Fourn. in Mart.) Fontella



Astephanus sprucei (E. Fourn. in Mart.) Fontella

Synonyms: Astephanus sprucei E. Fourn. in Mart.
Reference: Fontella, J., 1987: 380; Goyder, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Spruce 4391 (K!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Aster acaulis Wedd.


Aster acaulis Wedd. = Noticastrum marginatum (Kunth) Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1969: 47. 


$


 Aster crocifolius Kunth


Aster crocifolius Kunth = Oritrophium crocifolium (Kunth) Cuatrec.

$



$


 Aster glutinosus Cav.


Aster glutinosus Cav. = Grindelia glutinosa (Cav.) Dunal

$


 Aster marginatus Kunth


Aster marginatus Kunth = Noticastrum marginatum (Kunth) Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1969: 47. 


$


 Aster mutisianus Cuatrec.


Aster mutisianus Cuatrec. = Oritrophium limnophilum subsp. mutisianum (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1969: 87. 


$


 Aster pellitus Kunth


Aster pellitus Kunth = Oritrophium peruvianum (Lam.) Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1969: 75. 


$


 Aster perezii Cuatrec.


Aster perezii Cuatrec. = Noticastrum marginatum (Kunth) Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1969: 47. 


$


 Aster peruvianus (Lam.) Cabrera


Aster peruvianus (Lam.) Cabrera = Oritrophium peruvianum (Lam.) Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1969: 75. 


$


 Aster repens Kunth


Aster repens Kunth = Oritrophium repens (Kunth) Cuatrec.

$


 Aster sodiroi Hieron.


Aster sodiroi Hieron. = Oritrophium limnophilum (Sch. Bip.) Cuatrec. subsp. limnophilum 

Reference: Hieronymus, G., 1901: 20. 


$


 Aster sodiroi var. mutisianus (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.


Aster sodiroi var. mutisianus (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec. = Oritrophium limnophilum subsp. mutisianum (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.

$


 Aster stuebelii Hieron.


Aster stuebelii Hieron. = Diplostephium stuebelii (Hieron.) Cuatrec.

$


 Aster trachyticus F. Phil.


Aster trachyticus F. Phil. = Diplostephium meyenii (Sch. Bip.) S.F. Blake

Reference: Blake, S. F., 1928: 54. 


$


 Aster trinervis Ruiz & Pav. ex D. Don


Aster trinervis Ruiz & Pav. ex D. Don = Lycoseris trinervis (Ruiz & Pav. ex D. Don) S.F. Blake

$


 Asteriscium amplexicaulis H. Wolff


Asteriscium amplexicaulis H. Wolff = Domeykoa amplexicaulis (H. Wolff) Mathias & Constance

Reference: FP 1293: 45; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1962: 175. 


$


 Asteriscium longirameum H. Wolff


Asteriscium longirameum H. Wolff = Eremocharis longiramea (H. Wolff) I.M. Johnst.

Reference: FP 1293: 51; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1962: 167. 


$


 Asteriscium tripartitum H. Wolff


Asteriscium tripartitum H. Wolff = Eremocharis tripartita (H. Wolff) Mathias & Constance

Reference: FP 1293: 52; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1962: 169. 


$


 Asteriscium triradiatum H. Wolff


Asteriscium triradiatum H. Wolff = Eremocharis triradiata (H. Wolff) I.M. Johnst.

Reference: FP 1293: 53; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1962: 157. 


$


 Asterochlaena cuspidata Garcke


Asterochlaena cuspidata Garcke = Pavonia mutisii Kunth

Reference: FP 1302: 463; Kearney, T. H., 1958: 245; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 92. 
Note: NN  


$


 Asterophorum eburneum Sprague



Asterophorum eburneum Sprague

$


 Asterostigma pavonii Schott



Asterostigma pavonii Schott

Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 484. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: disturbed areas. 1500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Croat 50968 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Puno.


$


 Asterostigma vermitoxicum Griseb.


Asterostigma vermitoxicum Griseb. = Synandrospadix vermitoxicus (Griseb.) Engl.

$


 Astragalus alienus A. Gray


Astragalus alienus A. Gray = Astragalus dombeyi Fischer

Reference: FP 21: 396; Johnston, I. M., 1938: 92. 


$


 Astragalus alpamarcae A. Gray



Astragalus alpamarcae A. Gray

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 393; Johnston, I. M., 1947: 403. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: disturbed areas, rocky slopes.  > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Wilkes Exped. s.n.* (US), Vargas 6590 (MO!)
Departments: Lima, Pasco.


$


 Astragalus arequipensis Vogel



Astragalus arequipensis Vogel

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 393; Johnston, I. M., 1947: 386. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands. 2500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Meyen s.n.* (B), N&uacute;&ntilde;ez et al. 7819 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Puno, Tacna.


$


 Astragalus brackenridgei A. Gray



Astragalus brackenridgei A. Gray

Synonyms: Astragalus brackenridgei J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 394; Johnston, I. M., 1938: 95; Johnston, I. M., 1947: 387. 
Ecology: Endemic herb, shrub. Andean III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 3500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Wilkes Exped s.n.* (US), Smith & Escalona 10209 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Pasco.


$


 Astragalus bryogenes Barneby



Astragalus bryogenes Barneby

Synonyms: Astragalus bryogenes J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Barneby, R. C., 1984: 171. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: grasslands. 4000-4500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Landrum 4632* (NY)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Astragalus capitellus Britton


Astragalus capitellus Britton = Astragalus micranthellus Wedd.

Reference: FP 21: 398; Johnston, I. M., 1947: 390. 


$


 Astragalus casapaltensis Ball



Astragalus casapaltensis Ball

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 394; Johnston, I. M., 1947: 403. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands. 4000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Ball s.n.* (K), Smith et al. 5631 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Lima.


$


 Astragalus cracca DC.



Astragalus cracca DC.

Synonyms: Astragalus cracca Ulbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 395; Johnston, I. M., 1938: 91. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: rocky slopes. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (G-DC), L&oacute;pez et al. 7610 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Astragalus cryptanthus Wedd.



Astragalus cryptanthus Wedd.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 395; Johnston, I. M., 1947: 387. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   The voucher cited in the Flora of Peru, Werdermann 1159, was collected in present-day Chile. 


$


 Astragalus cuatrecasasii J.F. Macbr.


Astragalus cuatrecasasii J.F. Macbr. = Astragalus bryogenes Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 395; Johnston, I. M., 1947: 407; Barneby, R. C., 1984: 173. 
Note: Not A. cuatrecasasii Font Quer & Rothmaler.  


$


 Astragalus dielsii J.F. Macbr.



Astragalus dielsii J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 396; Johnston, I. M., 1947: 407. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: grasslands. 3500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 2479* (F), Vargas 6847 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Jun&iacute;n, Puno.


$


 Astragalus dillinghamii J.F. Macbr.



Astragalus dillinghamii J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 396; Johnston, I. M., 1947: 402. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean III: grasslands. 4000-4500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 1052* (F)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Astragalus dombeyi Fischer



Astragalus dombeyi Fischer

Synonyms: Astragalus dombeyi A. Gray, Astragalus dombeyi J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 396. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean II: grasslands, rocky slopes. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (P)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Lima.


$


 Astragalus garbancillo Cav.



Astragalus garbancillo Cav.

Synonyms: Astragalus garbancillo (Rusby) J.F. Macbr., Astragalus garbancillo L'Heritier, Astragalus garbancillo Rusby
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 397; Johnston, I. M., 1947: 384; Franquemont, C., T. Plowman, E. Franquemont, S. R. King, C. Niezgoda, W. Davis & C. R. Sperling, 1990: 79. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Andean II-III: grasslands, shrublands. 2000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Cavanilles s.n.* (MA), Hutchison & Wright 4387 (USM!)
Departments: Ancash, Ayacucho, Apur&iacute;mac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Pasco, Puno.


$


 Astragalus garbancillo var. mandonii (Rusby) J.F. Macbr.


Astragalus garbancillo var. mandonii (Rusby) J.F. Macbr. = Astragalus garbancillo Cav.

Reference: FP 21: 397; Johnston, I. M., 1947: 384. 


$


 Astragalus herzogii Ulbr.


Astragalus herzogii Ulbr. = Astragalus uniflorus DC.

Reference: FP 21: 402; Johnston, I. M., 1947: 397; G&oacute;mez-Sosa, E., 1981: 511. 


$


 Astragalus imputatus J.F. Macbr.


Astragalus imputatus J.F. Macbr. = Astragalus dombeyi Fischer

Reference: FP 21: 396; Johnston, I. M., 1938: 92. 


$


 Astragalus macrorrhynchus Ulbr.


Astragalus macrorrhynchus Ulbr. = Astragalus richii A. Gray

Reference: FP 21: 401; Johnston, I. M., 1938: 92. 


$


 Astragalus mandonii Rusby


Astragalus mandonii Rusby = Astragalus garbancillo Cav.

Reference: FP 21: 397; Johnston, I. M., 1947: 384. 


$


 Astragalus micranthellus Wedd.



Astragalus micranthellus Wedd.

Synonyms: Astragalus micranthellus Britton, Astragalus micranthellus Ulbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 398; Johnston, I. M., 1947: 390. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 3500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Weddell 4503* (P), N&uacute;&ntilde;ez & Urrunaga 7703 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Moquegua, Puno.


$


 Astragalus minimus Vogel



Astragalus minimus Vogel

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 398; Johnston, I. M., 1947: 404. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands, shrublands. 4000- > 4500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Meyen 67* (B)
Departments: Arequipa.


$


 Astragalus minutissimus Wedd.



Astragalus minutissimus Wedd.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 399; Johnston, I. M., 1947: 403. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: grasslands, shrublands. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Gay 629* (P), Shepard 110 (US)
Departments: Cuzco, Puno.


$


 Astragalus modestus Wedd.


Astragalus modestus Wedd. = Astragalus weddellianus (Kuntze) I.M. Johnst.

Reference: Johnston, I. M., 1947: 395. 


$


 Astragalus neobarnebyanus G&oacute;mez-Sosa



Astragalus neobarnebyanus G&oacute;mez-Sosa

Reference: G&oacute;mez-Sosa, E., 1986: 427. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Coastal: lomas. 0-1000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Dillon & Dillon 3813* (F, SI)
Departments: Arequipa.


$


 Astragalus ocrosianus Ulbr.


Astragalus ocrosianus Ulbr. = Astragalus cracca DC.

Reference: FP 21: 395; Johnston, I. M., 1938: 91. 


$


 Astragalus patancanus Ulbr.


Astragalus patancanus Ulbr. = Astragalus micranthellus Wedd.

Reference: FP 21: 398; Johnston, I. M., 1947: 390. 


$


 Astragalus peruvianus Vogel



Astragalus peruvianus Vogel

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 399; Johnston, I. M., 1947: 402. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands. 4000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Meyen 64* (B), Smith 11454 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Moquegua, Tacna.


$


 Astragalus pickeringii A. Gray



Astragalus pickeringii A. Gray

Synonyms: Astragalus pickeringii Ball
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 399; Johnston, I. M., 1938: 93. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: rocky slopes. 4000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Duncan et al. 2655 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Pasco.


$


 Astragalus pickeringii var. serpens Ball


Astragalus pickeringii var. serpens Ball = Astragalus pickeringii A. Gray

Reference: FP 21: 399; Johnston, I. M., 1938: 93. 


$


 Astragalus pilgeri J.F. Macbr.


Astragalus pilgeri J.F. Macbr. = Astragalus weddellianus (Kuntze) I.M. Johnst.

Reference: FP 21: 400; Johnston, I. M., 1947: 395. 


$


 Astragalus punensis J.F. Macbr.


Astragalus punensis J.F. Macbr. = Astragalus weddellianus (Kuntze) I.M. Johnst.

Reference: FP 21: 400; Johnston, I. M., 1947: 395. 


$


 Astragalus pusillus Vogel



Astragalus pusillus Vogel

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 401; Johnston, I. M., 1947: 395. 
Ecology. 3500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Meyen s.n.* (B), N&uacute;&ntilde;ez & Delgado 7947 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Moquegua, Puno, Tacna.


$


 Astragalus richii A. Gray



Astragalus richii A. Gray

Synonyms: Astragalus richii Ulbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 401; Johnston, I. M., 1938: 92. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Wilkes Exped. s.n.* (US), Vargas 8059 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Lima, Tacna.


$


 Astragalus romasanus Ulbr.



Astragalus romasanus Ulbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 402; Johnston, I. M., 1938: 95. 
Ecology: Endemic herb, subshrub. Andean II: grasslands, shrublands. 3000-3500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 3209* (B)
Departments: Ancash.


$


 Astragalus salubris J.F. Macbr.


Astragalus salubris J.F. Macbr. = Astragalus brackenridgei A. Gray

Reference: FP 21: 394; Johnston, I. M., 1938: 95. 


$


 Astragalus triflorus (DC.) A. Gray



Astragalus triflorus (DC.) A. Gray

Synonyms: Astragalus triflorus DC., Astragalus triflorus Ulbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 402; Johnston, I. M., 1947: 391. 
Ecology: Native herb. Coastal: disturbed areas, lomas, rocky slopes. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (G-DC), Rahn 101 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Lima, Moquegua, Tacna.


$


 Astragalus uniflorus DC.



Astragalus uniflorus DC.

Synonyms: Astragalus uniflorus Ulbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 402; Johnston, I. M., 1947: 397; G&oacute;mez-Sosa, E., 1981: 511. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Andean III: grasslands. 3500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (G-DC), Smith et al. 5659 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco, Puno.


$


 Astragalus unifultus L'Heritier


Astragalus unifultus L'Heritier = Astragalus garbancillo Cav.

Reference: FP 21: 397; Johnston, I. M., 1947: 384. 


$


 Astragalus viciiformis Ulbr.


Astragalus viciiformis Ulbr. = Astragalus triflorus (DC.) A. Gray

Reference: FP 21: 402; Johnston, I. M., 1947: 384. 


$


 Astragalus weberbaueri Ulbr.



Astragalus weberbaueri Ulbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 403; Johnston, I. M., 1938: 89. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: grasslands, shrublands. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 3869* (B), Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 11891 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, La Libertad, Piura.


$


 Astragalus weddellianus (Kuntze) I.M. Johnst.



Astragalus weddellianus (Kuntze) I.M. Johnst.

Synonyms: Astragalus weddellianus J.F. Macbr., Astragalus weddellianus J.F. Macbr., Astragalus weddellianus Kuntze, Astragalus weddellianus Wedd.
Reference: Johnston, I. M., 1947: 395; Franquemont, C., T. Plowman, E. Franquemont, S. R. King, C. Niezgoda, W. Davis & C. R. Sperling, 1990: 80. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 2000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 8070 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco, Puno.


$


 Astrephia chaerophylloides (Sm.) DC.



Astrephia chaerophylloides (Sm.) DC.

Synonyms: Astrephia chaerophylloides (Ruiz & Pav.) Dufresne, Astrephia chaerophylloides (Sm.) Kunth, Astrephia chaerophylloides (Sm.) Willd., Astrephia chaerophylloides Pers., Astrephia chaerophylloides Ruiz & Pav., Astrephia chaerophylloides Sm.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1378: 289; Eriksen, B., 1989: 6. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: lomas, rocky slopes. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (LINN-SM), S&aacute;nchez 4229 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Astrephia laciniata (Ruiz & Pav.) Dufresne


Astrephia laciniata (Ruiz & Pav.) Dufresne = Astrephia chaerophylloides (Sm.) DC.

Reference: FP 1378: 289; Eriksen, B., 1989: 6. 


$


 Astrocaryum aculeatum G. Meyer



Astrocaryum aculeatum G. Meyer

Synonyms: Astrocaryum aculeatum Barb. Rodr., Astrocaryum aculeatum Mart.


$


 Astrocaryum carnosum F. Kahn & B. Mill&aacute;n



Astrocaryum carnosum F. Kahn & B. Mill&aacute;n

Reference: Kahn, F. & B. Mill&aacute;n, 1992: 504. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian: forests, riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Kahn 1839* (P, USM), Kahn 2031 (NY)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Astrocaryum chambira Burret



Astrocaryum chambira Burret

Reference: Flora Peru: 39695: 398; Kahn, F. & B. Mill&aacute;n, 1992: 473. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Tessmann 509* (B), Williams 1929 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Astrocaryum chonta Mart.



Astrocaryum chonta Mart.

Reference: Flora Peru: 39695: 399; Kahn, F. & B. Mill&aacute;n, 1992: 522. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry 26925 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Astrocaryum gratum F. Kahn & B. Mill&aacute;n



Astrocaryum gratum F. Kahn & B. Mill&aacute;n

Reference: Kahn, F. & B. Mill&aacute;n, 1992: 520. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests, disturbed areas, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Kahn & Llosa 2147* (P, USM), Millan 120 (USM)
Departments: Madre de Dios.


$


 Astrocaryum huicungo Dammer ex Burret



Astrocaryum huicungo Dammer ex Burret

Reference: Flora Peru: 39695: 400. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 500-1000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer s.n.* (BH), Kahn & Moussa 3203 (USM)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Astrocaryum humile Wallace


Astrocaryum humile Wallace = Bactris humilis (Wallace) Burret

$


 Astrocaryum jauari Mart.



Astrocaryum jauari Mart.

Reference: Flora Peru: 39695: 401; Kahn, F. & B. Mill&aacute;n, 1992: 477. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests, riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 19113 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Astrocaryum javarense Trail ex Drude



Astrocaryum javarense Trail ex Drude

Reference: Kahn, F. & B. Mill&aacute;n, 1992: 507. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & Revilla 20873 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Astrocaryum macrocalyx Burret



Astrocaryum macrocalyx Burret

Reference: Flora Peru: 39695: 401; Kahn, F. & B. Mill&aacute;n, 1992: 512. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Treated as a synonym of A. murumuru in the Flora of Peru.  
Voucher: Tessmann 5117* (NY), V&aacute;squez 544 (BH, USM)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Astrocaryum murumuru Mart.



Astrocaryum murumuru Mart.

Reference: Flora Peru: 39695: 402; Kahn, F. & B. Mill&aacute;n, 1992: 524. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Astrocaryum perangustatum F. Kahn & B. Mill&aacute;n



Astrocaryum perangustatum F. Kahn & B. Mill&aacute;n

Reference: Kahn, F. & B. Mill&aacute;n, 1992: 517. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Kahn 3232* (NY, USM), Smith 4045 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Pasco.


$


 Astrocaryum princeps Barb. Rodr.


Astrocaryum princeps Barb. Rodr. = Astrocaryum aculeatum G. Meyer

Reference: FP 39695: 402. 
Note: NN  


$


 Astrocaryum ruizii H. Wendl.



Astrocaryum ruizii H. Wendl.

$


 Astrocaryum scopatum F. Kahn & B. Mill&aacute;n



Astrocaryum scopatum F. Kahn & B. Mill&aacute;n

Reference: Kahn, F. & B. Mill&aacute;n, 1992: 503. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian: forests, riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Kahn & Borchsenius 2563* (P, USM), Berlin 831 (BH)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Astrocaryum tucuma Mart.


Astrocaryum tucuma Mart. = Astrocaryum aculeatum G. Meyer

Reference: FP 39695: 402. 
Note: NN  


$



$


 Astronium fraxinifolium Schott ex Sprengel



Astronium fraxinifolium Schott ex Sprengel

Reference: Barfod, A. S., 1987: 17. 
Ecology. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Davis et al. 1271 (NY)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Astronium graveolens Jacq.



Astronium graveolens Jacq.

Reference: Barfod, A. S., 1987: 17. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: riversides. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 40112 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Astronium lecointei Ducke



Astronium lecointei Ducke

Reference: Mattick, F., 1934: 1006. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & Jaramillo 57579 (MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios.


$



$


 Athenaea peruviana Zahlbr.


Athenaea peruviana Zahlbr. = ?  

Reference: FP 1349: 18. 


$


 Athenaea subtriflora (Ruiz & Pav.) A. Zahlbr.


Athenaea subtriflora (Ruiz & Pav.) A. Zahlbr. = Deprea subtriflora (Ruiz & Pav.) D'Arcy

Reference: D'Arcy, W. G., 1993: 22. 


$


 Atheropogon medius E. Fourn.


Atheropogon medius E. Fourn. = Bouteloua media (E. Fourn.) Gould & Kapadia

Reference: Gould, F. W., 1979: 369. 


$


 Athyana weinmanniifolia (Griseb.) Radlk.



Athyana weinmanniifolia (Griseb.) Radlk.

Synonyms: Athyana weinmanniifolia Griseb.
Reference: Ferrucci, M. S., 1991: 18. 
Ecology. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui 14173 (F!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Athyrocarpus mathewsii (C. B. Clarke) Kuntze


Athyrocarpus mathewsii (C. B. Clarke) Kuntze = Commelina mathewsii (C.B. Clarke) Faden & D. R. Hunt

Reference: FP 1181: 605; Faden, R. B. & D. R. Hunt, 1987: 122. 


$


 Athyrocarpus persicariifolius (Del.) Hemsl.


Athyrocarpus persicariifolius (Del.) Hemsl. = Commelina rufipes var. glabrata (D.R. Hunt) Faden & D.R. Hunt

Reference: FP 1181: 606. 


$


 Athyrocarpus rufipes (Seub. in Mart.) Standl. &


Athyrocarpus rufipes (Seub. in Mart.) Standl. & = Commelina rufipes Seub. in Mart. var. rufipes 

Reference: FP 1181: 606. 


$


 Atitara leptospadix (Mart.) Kuntze


Atitara leptospadix (Mart.) Kuntze = Desmoncus leptospadix Mart.

Reference: FP 39695: 416. 


$


 Atitara prunifer (Poepp. ex Mart.) Kuntze


Atitara prunifer (Poepp. ex Mart.) Kuntze = Desmoncus polyacanthos Mart.

Reference: FP 39695: 417; Henderson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Atriplex atacamensis Phil.



Atriplex atacamensis Phil.

$


 Atriplex espostoi Speg.


Atriplex espostoi Speg. = Atriplex rotundifolia (Moq.) Dombey ex Moq.

Reference: FP 1253: 477. 


$


 Atriplex herzogii Standl.



Atriplex herzogii Standl.

Synonyms: Atriplex herzogii Herzog
Reference: Flora Peru: 1253: 477. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Atriplex imbricata (Moq.) Dietr.



Atriplex imbricata (Moq.) Dietr.

Synonyms: Atriplex imbricata Moquin, Atriplex imbricata Philippi
Reference: Gutte, G, K. M&uuml;ller & C. M&uuml;ller, 1986: 190. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: lomas. 0-3500 m. 
Voucher: L&oacute;pez 007 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Tacna.


$


 Atriplex microphylla Philippi


Atriplex microphylla Philippi = Atriplex imbricata (Moq.) Dietr.

Reference: Gutte, G, K. M&uuml;ller & C. M&uuml;ller, 1986: 190. 


$


 Atriplex peruviana Moq.



Atriplex peruviana Moq.

Synonyms: Atriplex peruviana Moq.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1253: 476. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I-II, Coastal: lomas, riversides. 500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Gaudichaud 68* (MO!), Weberbauer 7366 (B)
Departments: Arequipa, Tacna.


$


 Atriplex rotundifolia (Moq.) Dombey ex Moq.



Atriplex rotundifolia (Moq.) Dombey ex Moq.

Synonyms: Atriplex rotundifolia Moq., Atriplex rotundifolia Speg.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1253: 477. 
Ecology: Endemic herb, subshrub. Coastal: lomas, rocky slopes. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Dombey s.n. , Mostacero et al. 1423 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Cajamarca, La Libertad.


$


 Atriplex semibaccata R. Br.



Atriplex semibaccata R. Br.

Reference: Gutte, G, K. M&uuml;ller & C. M&uuml;ller, 1986: 190. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Coastal: lomas. 0-500 m. 
Note:   
Voucher: M&uuml;ller et al. 1980 (LZ, USM)
Departments: Arequipa, Lima, Tacna.


$


 Atriplex serpyllifolia Herzog


Atriplex serpyllifolia Herzog = Atriplex herzogii Standl.

Reference: FP 1253: 477. 


$


 Atriplex taltalensis Johnst.



Atriplex taltalensis Johnst.

$


 Atropa arborescens L.


Atropa arborescens L. = Acnistus arborescens (L.) Schltdl.

Reference: FP 1349: 44; Hunziker, A. T., 1982: 85. 


$


 Atropa aspera Ruiz & Pav.


Atropa aspera Ruiz & Pav. = Jaltomata aspera (Ruiz & Pav.) T. Mione & F. G. Coe

Reference: FP 1349: 30. 


$


 Atropa bicolor Ruiz & Pav.


Atropa bicolor Ruiz & Pav. = Jaltomata bicolor (Ruiz & Pav.) Mione & M. Nee

Reference: FP 1349: 30; Mione, T., G. J. Anderson & M. Nee, 1993: 142; Mione, pers. comm.. 


$


 Atropa biflora Ruiz & Pav.


Atropa biflora Ruiz & Pav. = Jaltomata bicolor (Ruiz & Pav.) Mione & M. Nee

Reference: FP 1349: 30. 


$


 Atropa contorta (Ruiz & Pav.) Sprengel


Atropa contorta (Ruiz & Pav.) Sprengel = ?  

Reference: FP 1349: 32; Mione, pers. comm.. 


$


 Atropa dentata (Ruiz & Pav.) Sprengel


Atropa dentata (Ruiz & Pav.) Sprengel = Jaltomata dentata (Ruiz & Pav.) Benitez

Reference: FP 1349: 33; Mione, pers. comm.. 


$


 Atropa dependens Hooker


Atropa dependens Hooker = Salpichroa dependens (Hooker) Miers

Reference: FP 1349: 60. 


$


 Atropa glandulosa Hooker


Atropa glandulosa Hooker = Salpichroa glandulosa (Hooker) Miers

Reference: FP 1349: 63. 


$


 Atropa hirsuta Meyen


Atropa hirsuta Meyen = Salpichroa hirsuta (Meyen) Miers

Reference: FP 1349: 63; Keel, S. H.-C. K., 1984: 67. 


$


 Atropa humifusa Gouan


Atropa humifusa Gouan = Nolana humifusa (Gouan) I.M. Johnst.

Reference: FP 1288: 841; Johnston, I. M., 1936: 50. 


$


 Atropa physalodes L.


Atropa physalodes L. = Nicandra physalodes (L.) Gaertn.

Reference: FP 1349: 10. 


$


 Atropa procumbens Cav.


Atropa procumbens Cav. = Jaltomata procumbens (Cav.) J.L. Gentry

Reference: FP 1349: 36; Mione, pers. comm.. 


$


 Atropa punctata (R. & P.) Pers.


Atropa punctata (R. & P.) Pers. = Saracha punctata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1349: 58. 


$


 Atropa revoluta Dietrich


Atropa revoluta Dietrich = Jaltomata umbellata (Ruiz & Pav.) Mione & M. Nee

Reference: FP 1349: 37; Mione, pers. comm.. 


$


 Atropa rothii Poir.


Atropa rothii Poir. = ?  

Reference: FP 1349: 32; Mione, pers. comm.. 


$


 Atropa sideroxyloides Roemer & Schultes


Atropa sideroxyloides Roemer & Schultes = Acnistus arborescens (L.) Schltdl.

Reference: FP 1349: 44; Hunziker, A. T., 1982: 86. 


$


 Atropa spinosa Meyen


Atropa spinosa Meyen = Dunalia spinosa (Meyen) Dammer

Reference: FP 1349: 52; Hunziker, A. T., 1960: 228. 


$


 Atropa umbellata Roth


Atropa umbellata Roth = ?  

Reference: FP 1349: 32; Mione, pers. comm.. 


$


 Atropa umbellata Ruiz & Pav.


Atropa umbellata Ruiz & Pav. = Jaltomata umbellata (Ruiz & Pav.) Mione & M. Nee

Reference: FP 1349: 37; Mione, pers. comm.. 


$


 Atropa villosa Zucc.


Atropa villosa Zucc. = ?  

Reference: FP 1349: 39; Mione, pers. comm.. 


$


 Attalea cephalotes Poepp. ex Mart.


Attalea cephalotes Poepp. ex Mart. = Scheelea phalerata (C. Martius ex Sprengel) Burret

Reference: FP 39695: 390; Henderson, pers. comm.. 


$



$


 Attalea racemosa Spruce



Attalea racemosa Spruce

$


 Attalea spectabilis Mart.



Attalea spectabilis Mart.

Synonyms: Attalea spectabilis Burret
Reference: Henderson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests on white sand. 0-500 m. 
Note:   
Voucher: Knapp 8093 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Attalea tessmannii Burret



Attalea tessmannii Burret

Reference: Flora Peru: 39695: 386. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Tessmann 5157* (F!), Gentry et al. 29032 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.


$


 Attalea venatorum (Poepp. ex Mart.) Mart.


Attalea venatorum (Poepp. ex Mart.) Mart. = Maximiliana maripa (Aublet) Drude

Reference: FP 39695: 393; Henderson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Aulacostigma inerme Turcz.


Aulacostigma inerme Turcz. = Rhynchotheca spinosa Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 641: 541; Knuth, R., 1912: 550. 


$


 Auliza ciliaris (L.) Salisbury


Auliza ciliaris (L.) Salisbury = Epidendrum ciliare L.

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Auliza difformis Small


Auliza difformis Small = Epidendrum difforme Jacq.

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Auliza nocturna (Jacq.) Small


Auliza nocturna (Jacq.) Small = Epidendrum nocturnum Jacq.

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Aulomyrcia amazonica (DC.) O. Berg


Aulomyrcia amazonica (DC.) O. Berg = Myrcia amazonica DC.

Reference: FP 760: 628; McVaugh, R., 1969: 109. 
Note: NN  


$


 Aulomyrcia chilensis O. Berg


Aulomyrcia chilensis O. Berg = Myrcia aliena McVaugh

Reference: FP 760: 627. 


$


 Aulomyrcia corymbosa (DC.) O. Berg


Aulomyrcia corymbosa (DC.) O. Berg = Myrcia amazonica DC.

Reference: FP 760: 628. 
Note: NN  


$


 Aulomyrcia egensis O. Berg


Aulomyrcia egensis O. Berg = Myrcia egensis (O. Berg) McVaugh

Reference: FP 760: 638. 


$


 Aulomyrcia holosericea O. Berg


Aulomyrcia holosericea O. Berg = Myrcia neesiana DC.

Reference: FP 760: 651. 


$


 Aulomyrcia laruotteana var. peruviana O. Berg


Aulomyrcia laruotteana var. peruviana O. Berg = Myrcia multiflora (Lam.) DC.

Reference: FP 760: 649. 


$


 Aulomyrcia lauriflora (DC.) O. Berg


Aulomyrcia lauriflora (DC.) O. Berg = Myrcia guianensis (Aubl.) DC.

Reference: FP 760: 628; McVaugh, R., 1969: 91. 


$


 Aulomyrcia macrophylla O. Berg


Aulomyrcia macrophylla O. Berg = Myrcia egensis (O. Berg) McVaugh

Reference: FP 760: 638. 


$


 Aulomyrcia mathewsiana O. Berg


Aulomyrcia mathewsiana O. Berg = Myrcia mathewsiana (O. Berg) McVaugh

Reference: FP 760: 646. 


$


 Aulomyrcia multiflora (Lam.) O. Berg


Aulomyrcia multiflora (Lam.) O. Berg = Myrcia multiflora (Lam.) DC.

Reference: FP 760: 649; McVaugh, R., 1969: 115. 


$


 Aulomyrcia myrtillifolia sensu McVaugh, non (DC.) O. Berg


Aulomyrcia myrtillifolia sensu McVaugh, non (DC.) O. Berg = Myrcia guianensis (Aubl.) DC.

Reference: FP 760: 650. 


$


 Aulomyrcia neesiana (DC.) O. Berg


Aulomyrcia neesiana (DC.) O. Berg = Myrcia neesiana DC.

Reference: FP 760: 651. 


$


 Aulomyrcia nigrescens (DC.) O. Berg


Aulomyrcia nigrescens (DC.) O. Berg = Myrcia nigrescens DC.

Reference: FP 760: 628; McVaugh, R., 1969: 69. 


$


 Aulomyrcia paraensis O. Berg


Aulomyrcia paraensis O. Berg = Myrcia amazonica DC.

Reference: FP 760: 628; McVaugh, R., 1969: 109. 
Note: NN  


$


 Aulomyrcia pertusa (DC.) O. Berg


Aulomyrcia pertusa (DC.) O. Berg = Myrcia pertusa DC.

Reference: FP 760: 656. 


$


 Aulomyrcia poeppigiana O. Berg


Aulomyrcia poeppigiana O. Berg = Myrcia guianensis (Aubl.) DC.

Reference: FP 760: 663; McVaugh, R., 1969: 91. 


$


 Aulomyrcia pruinosa O. Berg


Aulomyrcia pruinosa O. Berg = Myrcia guianensis (Aubl.) DC.

Reference: FP 760: 628; McVaugh, R., 1969: 91. 


$


 Aulomyrcia salicifolia (DC.) O. Berg


Aulomyrcia salicifolia (DC.) O. Berg = Myrcia salicifolia DC.

Reference: FP 760: 658. 


$


 Aulomyrcia sphaerocarpa (DC.) O. Berg


Aulomyrcia sphaerocarpa (DC.) O. Berg = Myrcia multiflora (Lam.) DC.

Reference: FP 760: 649. 


$


 Aulomyrcia sphaerocarpa var. complicata O. Berg


Aulomyrcia sphaerocarpa var. complicata O. Berg = Myrcia multiflora (Lam.) DC.

Reference: FP 760: 649. 


$


 Aulomyrcia spruceana O. Berg


Aulomyrcia spruceana O. Berg = Myrcia amazonica DC.

Reference: FP 760: 628; McVaugh, R., 1969: 109. 
Note: NN  


$


 Aulonemia haenkei (Rupr.) McClure



Aulonemia haenkei (Rupr.) McClure

Synonyms: Aulonemia haenkei (Rupr.) Hack., Aulonemia haenkei Pilg., Aulonemia haenkei Rupr.
Reference: McClure, F. A., 1973: 56. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: forests. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (PR), Smith & V&aacute;squez 4928 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Pasco.


$


 Aulonemia hirtula (Pilg.) McClure



Aulonemia hirtula (Pilg.) McClure

Synonyms: Aulonemia hirtula Pilg.
Reference: McClure, F. A., 1973: 56. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: forests. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7031* (MOL), Peyton & Peyton 583 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, La Libertad, Pasco.


$


 Aulonemia humillima (Pilg.) McClure



Aulonemia humillima (Pilg.) McClure

Synonyms: Aulonemia humillima Pilg.
Reference: McClure, F. A., 1973: 58. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I-II: cloud forests, forests. 500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Ule 6598* , Smith 2045 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco.


$


 Aulonemia longiaristata L.G. Clark & Londo&ntilde;o



Aulonemia longiaristata L.G. Clark & Londo&ntilde;o

Reference: Clark, L. G. & X. Londo&ntilde;o, 1990: 353; Clark, pers. comm. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: forests. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Caro 2017 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, La Libertad.


$


 Aulonemia parviflora (J. Presl) McClure



Aulonemia parviflora (J. Presl) McClure

Synonyms: Aulonemia parviflora (J. Presl) Schult. & Schult. f., Aulonemia parviflora J. Presl, Aulonemia parviflora Rupr.
Reference: McClure, F. A., 1973: 58. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: forests. 1500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (PR frag. US), Vargas 17144 (US)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Aulonemia patula (Pilg.) McClure



Aulonemia patula (Pilg.) McClure

Synonyms: Aulonemia patula Pilg.
Reference: McClure, F. A., 1973: 58. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: forests. 2500-3000 m. 
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Aulonemia queko Goudot



Aulonemia queko Goudot

Synonyms: Aulonemia queko (Goudot) Hack.
Reference: McClure, F. A., 1973: 58. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, forests, rocky slopes. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Smith 8077 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Pasco.


$


 Austrocylindropuntia cylindrica (Lam.) Backeb.


Austrocylindropuntia cylindrica (Lam.) Backeb. = Opuntia cylindrica (Lam.) DC.

Reference: Madsen, J. E., 1989: 48; Hunt, D., 1992: 35. 


$


 Austrocylindropuntia exaltata (A. Berger) Backeb.


Austrocylindropuntia exaltata (A. Berger) Backeb. = Opuntia subulata (Muehlenpf.) Engelm.

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1241; Hunt, D., 1992: 35. 


$


 Austrocylindropuntia floccosa (Salm-Dyck) F. Ritter


Austrocylindropuntia floccosa (Salm-Dyck) F. Ritter = Opuntia floccosa Salm-Dyck

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1244; Hunt, D., 1992: 36. 


$


 Austrocylindropuntia intermedia Rauh & Backeb.


Austrocylindropuntia intermedia Rauh & Backeb. = Opuntia cylindrica (Lam.) DC.

Reference: Backeberg, C., 1956: 6; Hunt, D., 1992: 36. 


$


 Austrocylindropuntia lagopus (K. Schum.) F. Ritter


Austrocylindropuntia lagopus (K. Schum.) F. Ritter = Opuntia lagopus K. Schum.

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1242; Hunt, D., 1992: 36. 


$


 Austrocylindropuntia lagopus fo. rauhii (Backeb.) F. Ritter


Austrocylindropuntia lagopus fo. rauhii (Backeb.) F. Ritter = Opuntia floccosa Salm-Dyck

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1243. 


$


 Austrocylindropuntia lauliacoana F. Ritter


Austrocylindropuntia lauliacoana F. Ritter = Opuntia floccosa Salm-Dyck

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1247; Hunt, D., 1992: 36. 


$


 Austrocylindropuntia machacana F. Ritter


Austrocylindropuntia machacana F. Ritter = Opuntia floccosa Salm-Dyck

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1246; Hunt, D., 1992: 36. 


$


 Austrocylindropuntia malyana (Rausch) F. Ritter


Austrocylindropuntia malyana (Rausch) F. Ritter = Opuntia lagopus K. Schum.

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1244; Hunt, D., 1992: 36. 


$


 Austrocylindropuntia pachypus (K. Schum.) Backeb.


Austrocylindropuntia pachypus (K. Schum.) Backeb. = Opuntia pachypus K. Schum.

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1242; Hunt, D., 1992: 36. 


$


 Austrocylindropuntia subulata (Muehlenpf.) Backeb.


Austrocylindropuntia subulata (Muehlenpf.) Backeb. = Opuntia subulata (Muehlenpf.) Engelm.

Reference: Madsen, J. E., 1989: 60; Hunt, D., 1992: 36. 


$


 Austrocylindropuntia tephrocactoides Rauh & Backeb.


Austrocylindropuntia tephrocactoides Rauh & Backeb. = Opuntia floccosa Salm-Dyck

Reference: Backeberg, C., 1956: 6; Rowley, G. D., 1958: 4; Hunt, D., 1992: 36. 


$


 Austroeupatorium decemflorum (DC.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Austroeupatorium decemflorum (DC.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Austroeupatorium decemflorum DC., Austroeupatorium decemflorum Hieron.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 69, 486. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I-II: forests. 500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 17301 (US!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Austroeupatorium inulaefolium (Kunth) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Austroeupatorium inulaefolium (Kunth) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Austroeupatorium inulaefolium Kunth
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 69, 486. 
Ecology: Native shrub, treelet. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: forests, riversides, shrublands. 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: Llata 1232 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, La Libertad, Pasco, Piura, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Aveledoa tessmanniana Sleumer


Aveledoa tessmanniana Sleumer = Metteniusa tessmanniana var. tessmanniana 

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1955: 10. 


$


 Avena barbata Brot.


Avena barbata Brot. = Avena barbata Pott. ex Link

Reference: FP 719: 150; Baum, B. R., 1977: 384. 
Note: nom. illeg.  


$


 Avena barbata Pott. ex Link



Avena barbata Pott. ex Link

Synonyms: Avena barbata Brot.
Reference: Baum, B. R., 1977: 384. 
Ecology: Introduced herb. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 1000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Sullivan et al. 860 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Lima.


$


 Avena fatua L.



Avena fatua L.

Reference: McVaugh, R., 1983: 70. 
Ecology: Introduced herb. Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas, lomas. 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: S&aacute;nchez 330 (F!)
Departments: Cajamarca, La Libertad.


$


 Avena preslei Kunth


Avena preslei Kunth = Trisetum preslei (Kunth) Desv.

Reference: Nicora, E. G. and collaborators, 1978: 259. 


$


 Avena sativa L.



Avena sativa L.

Reference: McVaugh, R., 1983: 70. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Brunel 868 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Avena scabrivalvis Trin.


Avena scabrivalvis Trin. = Amphibromus scabrivalvis (Trin.) Swallen

Reference: FP 719: 123. 


$


 Avena sterilis L.



Avena sterilis L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 151; Tovar, O., 1957: 47. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb. Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas, lomas. 500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 11563 (MO)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Averrhoa carambola L.



Averrhoa carambola L.

Reference: Lourteig, A., 1980: 825. 
Ecology: Cultivated shrub, tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Encarnaci&oacute;n 25142 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Avicennia germinans (L.) L.



Avicennia germinans (L.) L.

Synonyms: Avicennia germinans (Kunth) Moldenke, Avicennia germinans (Kunth) Moldenke, Avicennia germinans (L.) Stearn, Avicennia germinans Jacq., Avicennia germinans Jacq., Avicennia germinans Kunth, Avicennia germinans Kunth, Avicennia germinans L.
Reference: Howard, R. A., 1989: 212. 
Ecology: Native tree. Coastal: swamps. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 18959 (MO!)
Departments: Tumbes.


$


 Avicennia germinans (L.) Stearn


Avicennia germinans (L.) Stearn = Avicennia germinans (L.) L.

Reference: FP 1286: 721; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 374. 


$


 Avicennia germinans var. cumanensis (Kunth) Moldenke


Avicennia germinans var. cumanensis (Kunth) Moldenke = Avicennia germinans (L.) L.

Reference: Moldenke, H. N., 1975: 15. 


$


 Avicennia germinans var. guayaquilensis (Kunth) Moldenke


Avicennia germinans var. guayaquilensis (Kunth) Moldenke = Avicennia germinans (L.) L.

Reference: Moldenke, H. N., 1974: 75. 


$


 Avicennia nitida Jacq.


Avicennia nitida Jacq. = Avicennia germinans (L.) L.

Reference: FP 1286: 721; Howard, R. A., 1989: 212. 


$


 Avicennia tomentosa Jacq.


Avicennia tomentosa Jacq. = Avicennia germinans (L.) L.

Reference: FP 1286: 721; Howard, R. A., 1989: 212. 


$


 Avicennia tomentosa var. cumanensis Kunth


Avicennia tomentosa var. cumanensis Kunth = Avicennia germinans (L.) L.

Reference: Moldenke, H. N., 1975: 15. 


$


 Avicennia tomentosa var. guayaquilensis Kunth


Avicennia tomentosa var. guayaquilensis Kunth = Avicennia germinans (L.) L.

Reference: FP 1286: 721; Moldenke, H. N., 1974: 75. 


$


 Axinaea crassinoda Triana



Axinaea crassinoda Triana

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 313. 
Ecology. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 3213* (US!), Wurdack 657 (US!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Axinaea dependens Ruiz & Pav.



Axinaea dependens Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Axinaea dependens (R. & P.) Naudin
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 314. 
Ecology. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (US!), Hodge 6278 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Axinaea glandulosa Ruiz & Pav.



Axinaea glandulosa Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Axinaea glandulosa (R. & P.) Naudin
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 314. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Axinaea grandifolia (Naudin) Triana



Axinaea grandifolia (Naudin) Triana

Synonyms: Axinaea grandifolia Naudin
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 314; Wurdack, J. J., 1973: 190. 
Ecology: Native tree. Andean II: forests. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra & Acleto 15309 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Axinaea lanceolata Ruiz & Pav.



Axinaea lanceolata Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Axinaea lanceolata (R. & P.) Naudin
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 315. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Axinaea macrophylla (Naudin) Triana



Axinaea macrophylla (Naudin) Triana

Synonyms: Axinaea macrophylla Naudin
Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 33. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 8286 (MO!)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Axinaea merianiae (DC.) Triana



Axinaea merianiae (DC.) Triana

Synonyms: Axinaea merianiae DC.
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 315; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 34. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: riversides. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6997 (US!)
Departments: Cajamarca, La Libertad, Piura.


$


 Axinaea mertensioides Wurdack



Axinaea mertensioides Wurdack

Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1964: 409. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Wurdack 1467* (US!, USM)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Axinaea muricata D. Don


Axinaea muricata D. Don = Miconia muricata (Don,D.) Triana

Reference: FP 761: 432. 


$


 Axinaea nitida Cogn.



Axinaea nitida Cogn.

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 316. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean II: disturbed areas, forests. 1500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4355* (MOL!, US!), Hutchison & Wright 5590 (US!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Axinaea oblongifolia (Cogn.) Wurdack



Axinaea oblongifolia (Cogn.) Wurdack

Synonyms: Axinaea oblongifolia Cogn.
Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 36. 
Ecology: Native tree. Andean I-II: forests. 1000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 13010 (US!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Piura.


$


 Axinaea pauciflora Cogn.



Axinaea pauciflora Cogn.

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 316; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 32. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Axinaea pennellii Gleason



Axinaea pennellii Gleason

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 317. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I: rocky slopes. 1000-1500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Pennell 14003* (NY)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Axinaea purpurea Ruiz & Pav.


Axinaea purpurea Ruiz & Pav. = Meriania radula (Benth.) Triana

Reference: FP 761: 310; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 23. 


$


 Axinaea radula Benth.


Axinaea radula Benth. = Meriania radula (Benth.) Triana

Reference: FP 761: 310; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 23. 


$


 Axinaea sessilifolia Triana



Axinaea sessilifolia Triana

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 317; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 31. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Axinaea tetragona Cogn.


Axinaea tetragona Cogn. = Meriania tetragona (Cogn.) Wurdack

Reference: FP 761: 317; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 25. 


$


 Axinaea tomentosa Cogn.



Axinaea tomentosa Cogn.

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 318. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: shrublands. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* , Wurdack 1624 (US!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Axinaea tovarii Wurdack



Axinaea tovarii Wurdack

Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1966: 70. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Tovar 4753* (US!, USM!)
Departments: Huancavelica.


$


 Axinaea weberbaueri Cogn.



Axinaea weberbaueri Cogn.

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 318. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 5648* 
Departments: Ayacucho.


$


 Axonopus attenuatus (J. Presl) Hitchc.


Axonopus attenuatus (J. Presl) Hitchc. = Axonopus elegantulus (J. Presl) Hitchc.

Reference: FP 719: 204; Black, G. A., 1963: 132; Tovar, O., 1957: 86. 


$


 Axonopus aureus P. Beauv.



Axonopus aureus P. Beauv.

Synonyms: Axonopus aureus (Nees) G.A. Black, Axonopus aureus (P. Beauv.) Kunth, Axonopus aureus (Steud.) Kuhlmann, Axonopus aureus Nees
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 204; Renvoize, S. A., 1984: 192. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: savannas. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Williams 7764 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Axonopus capillaris (Lam.) Chase



Axonopus capillaris (Lam.) Chase

Synonyms: Axonopus capillaris Lam., Axonopus capillaris Trin.
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 205; Black, G. A., 1963: 151. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: rocky slopes. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 250 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Axonopus chrysites (Steud.) Kuhlmann


Axonopus chrysites (Steud.) Kuhlmann = Axonopus aureus P. Beauv.

Reference: Renvoize, S. A., 1984: 192; Tovar, O., 1986: 50. 


$


 Axonopus chrysoblepharis (Lag.) Chase



Axonopus chrysoblepharis (Lag.) Chase

Synonyms: Axonopus chrysoblepharis Lag.
Reference: Black, G. A., 1963: 161; Tovar, O., 1986: 50. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: grasslands. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Tovar 4678 (US!, USM)
Departments: Cuzco, Huancavelica, Loreto, Pasco.


$


 Axonopus compressus (Sw.) P. Beauv.



Axonopus compressus (Sw.) P. Beauv.

Synonyms: Axonopus compressus (Steud.) G.A. Black, Axonopus compressus (Sw.) Raspail, Axonopus compressus Steud., Axonopus compressus Sw.
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 205; Black, G. A., 1963: 71. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, grasslands. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 29383 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Ucayali.


$


 Axonopus compressus var. macropodius (Steud.) G.A. Black


Axonopus compressus var. macropodius (Steud.) G.A. Black = Axonopus compressus (Sw.) P. Beauv.

Reference: Black, G. A., 1963: 82. 


$


 Axonopus elegantulus (J. Presl) Hitchc.



Axonopus elegantulus (J. Presl) Hitchc.

Synonyms: Axonopus elegantulus (J. Presl) Hitchc., Axonopus elegantulus J. Presl, Axonopus elegantulus J. Presl, Axonopus elegantulus Mez
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 205; Black, G. A., 1963: 132; Tovar, O., 1957: 82. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: bogs, disturbed areas, grasslands, rocky slopes. 1500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (PR), van der Werff et al. 8406 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Axonopus exasperatus (Nees) G.A. Black


Axonopus exasperatus (Nees) G.A. Black = Axonopus aureus P. Beauv.

Reference: Renvoize, S. A., 1984: 192. 


$


 Axonopus iridifolius (Poepp.) G.A. Black



Axonopus iridifolius (Poepp.) G.A. Black

Synonyms: Axonopus iridifolius Poepp.
Reference: Black, G. A., 1963: 125. 
Ecology: Native herb. . 
Voucher: Poeppig 24* (US)


$


 Axonopus mathewsii (Mez) Hitchc.



Axonopus mathewsii (Mez) Hitchc.

Synonyms: Axonopus mathewsii Mez
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 206; Black, G. A., 1963: 60. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: disturbed areas, riversides. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 3239* (US), Gentry & Smith 35764 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Axonopus poiretii Roem. & Schult.


Axonopus poiretii Roem. & Schult. = Sporobolus indicus (L.) R. Br.

Reference: McVaugh, R., 1983: 372. 


$


 Axonopus scoparius (Fl&uuml;gg&eacute;) Kuhlm.



Axonopus scoparius (Fl&uuml;gg&eacute;) Kuhlm.

Synonyms: Axonopus scoparius Fl&uuml;gg&eacute;
Reference: Black, G. A., 1963: 112. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 0-2500 m. 
Note: The Flora of Peru mistakenly cites the superfluous combination A. scoparius (Fluegge) A. Hitchcock. 
Voucher: Schunke 8461 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Ayapana amygdalina (Lam.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ayapana amygdalina (Lam.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ayapana amygdalina DC., Ayapana amygdalina DC., Ayapana amygdalina Lam.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 197, 486. 
Ecology. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 4932 (F!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Ayapana elata (Steetz) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ayapana elata (Steetz) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ayapana elata B. Robinson, Ayapana elata Steetz
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 197, 486. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: riversides. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 26304 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Ayapana lanceolata R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ayapana lanceolata R.M. King & H. Rob.

Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 197, 486. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Belshaw 3517* (US!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Ayapana pilluanensis (Gardner) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ayapana pilluanensis (Gardner) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ayapana pilluanensis Gardner
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 197, 486. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Ule 6780* (B)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Ayapanopsis andina (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ayapanopsis andina (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ayapanopsis andina B. Robinson
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 199, 486. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Gay 959* (P)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Ayapanopsis ferreyrii R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ayapanopsis ferreyrii R.M. King & H. Rob.

Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 199, 486. 
Ecology. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Friedberg 614 (US!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Ayapanopsis mathewsii (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ayapanopsis mathewsii (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ayapanopsis mathewsii B. Robinson
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 199, 486. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. . 
Voucher: Mathews 1386* (K)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Ayapanopsis tarapotensis (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ayapanopsis tarapotensis (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Ayapanopsis tarapotensis B. Robinson
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 199, 486. 
Ecology: Endemic liana, shrub. Andean I-II: rocky slopes. 500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Spruce 4014* (GH), Woytkowski 35285 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Ayapanopsis vargasii R.M. King & H. Rob.



Ayapanopsis vargasii R.M. King & H. Rob.

Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 199. 
Ecology. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 14061* (US!), Vargas 17463 (US)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Aydendron amazonicum Meisn.


Aydendron amazonicum Meisn. = Aniba puchury-minor (Mart.) Mez

Reference: FP 610: 866; Kubitzki, K. & S. Renner, 1982: 57. 


$


 Aydendron cannella Meisn.


Aydendron cannella Meisn. = Licaria cannella subsp. cannella 

Reference: Kurz, H., 1983: 105. 


$


 Aydendron firmulum Nees & C. Mart.


Aydendron firmulum Nees & C. Mart. = Aniba firmula (Nees & C. Mart.) Mez

Reference: FP 610: 864; Kubitzki, K. & S. Renner, 1982: 75. 
Note: NN  


$


 Aydendron hostmannianum Nees


Aydendron hostmannianum Nees = Aniba hostmanniana (Nees) Mez

Reference: Kubitzki, K. & S. Renner, 1982: 36. 


$


 Aydendron intermedium Meisn.



Aydendron intermedium Meisn.

Reference: Flora Peru: 610: 866; Mez, C., 1889: 13. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Aydendron muca (Ruiz & Pav.) Nees


Aydendron muca (Ruiz & Pav.) Nees = Aniba muca (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez

Reference: FP 610: 865; Kubitzki, K. & S. Renner, 1982: 68. 


$


 Aydendron panurense Meisn.


Aydendron panurense Meisn. = Aniba panurensis (Meisn.) Mez

Reference: FP 610: 864; Kubitzki, K. & S. Renner, 1982: 63. 


$


 Aydendron parviflorum Meisn.


Aydendron parviflorum Meisn. = Aniba parviflora (Meisn.) Mez

$


 Aydendron riparium Nees


Aydendron riparium Nees = Aniba riparia (Nees) Mez

$


 Aydendron robustum Klotzsch & Karsten


Aydendron robustum Klotzsch & Karsten = Aniba robusta (Klotzsch & Karsten) Mez

$


 Aydendron salicifolium Nees


Aydendron salicifolium Nees = Aniba guianensis Aubl.

Reference: FP 610: 867; Kubitzki, K. & S. Renner, 1982: 45. 


$


 Ayenia erecta Mart.



Ayenia erecta Mart.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1304: 631; Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1960: 151. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   According to Crist&oacute;bal (pers. comm.), this taxon is from N.E. Brazil. 


$


 Ayenia jussieui Crist&oacute;bal



Ayenia jussieui Crist&oacute;bal

Reference: Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1960: 166. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean I-II: dry valleys, rocky slopes. 1000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Marin 2002* (LIL), Macbride 3169 (F)
Departments: Amazonas, Apur&iacute;mac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Ayenia praeclara Sandwith



Ayenia praeclara Sandwith

Reference: Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1960: 217. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & D&iacute;az 28198 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Pasco.


$


 Ayenia pusilla L.



Ayenia pusilla L.

Synonyms: Ayenia pusilla J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1304: 631; Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1960: 190. 
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests, shrublands. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui & Diestra 11481 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Lambayeque, Lima, Tumbes.


$


 Ayenia serrata J.F. Macbr.


Ayenia serrata J.F. Macbr. = Ayenia pusilla L.

Reference: FP 1304: 631; Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1960: 190. 


$


 Aynia pseudascaricida H. Rob.



Aynia pseudascaricida H. Rob.

Reference: Robinson, H., 1988: 959. 
Ecology: Endemic herb, shrub. Andean I: shrublands. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 22514* (US), Killip & Smith 23101 (US)
Departments: Ayacucho.


$


 Azorella biloba (Schltdl.) Wedd.



Azorella biloba (Schltdl.) Wedd.

Synonyms: Azorella biloba Hieron., Azorella biloba Kuntze, Azorella biloba Schltdl., Azorella biloba Wedd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1293: 20; Mart&iacute;nez, S., 1989: 154; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 11. 
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, shrublands. 3000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Lechler s.n.* (B), Hawkes et al. 4119 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Puno.


$


 Azorella biloba fo. subglabra Kuntze


Azorella biloba fo. subglabra Kuntze = Azorella biloba (Schltdl.) Wedd.

Reference: FP 1293: 20; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 11. 


$


 Azorella biloba var. strigosa Wedd.


Azorella biloba var. strigosa Wedd. = Azorella biloba (Schltdl.) Wedd.

Reference: FP 1293: 20; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 11. 


$


 Azorella cladorrhiza (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.


Azorella cladorrhiza (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers. = Azorella crenata (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Reference: FP 1293: 23; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 12. 


$


 Azorella columnaris H. Wolff


Azorella columnaris H. Wolff = Azorella compacta Phil.

Reference: FP 1293: 21. 


$


 Azorella compacta Phil.



Azorella compacta Phil.

Synonyms: Azorella compacta (Philippi) Reiche, Azorella compacta Domin, Azorella compacta H. Wolff, Azorella compacta Hauman
Reference: Flora Peru: 1293: 21; Mart&iacute;nez, S., 1989: 155. 
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Andean III: grasslands, shrublands. 4000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 13113 (F)
Departments: Arequipa, Hu&aacute;nuco, Moquegua, Puno.


$


 Azorella corymbosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.



Azorella corymbosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Synonyms: Azorella corymbosa Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1293: 22; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 15. 
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Andean III: grasslands. 4000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Macbride 4899 (F)
Departments: Ancash, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Azorella crenata (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.



Azorella crenata (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Synonyms: Azorella crenata (Hieron.) Hieron. ex H. Wolff, Azorella crenata (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers., Azorella crenata (Ruiz & Pav.) Spreng., Azorella crenata (Ruiz & Pav.) Spreng., Azorella crenata Hieron., Azorella crenata Lag., Azorella crenata Ruiz & Pav., Azorella crenata Ruiz & Pav., Azorella crenata Wedd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1293: 23; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 12. 
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Andean II-III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 3000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Mostacero et al. 1505 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Pasco, Piura, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Azorella crenata var. compacta Wedd.


Azorella crenata var. compacta Wedd. = Azorella crenata (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Reference: FP 1293: 23; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 12. 


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 Azorella crenata var. mutisiana Hieron.


Azorella crenata var. mutisiana Hieron. = Azorella crenata (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Reference: FP 1293: 24; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 12. 


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 Azorella diapensioides A. Gray



Azorella diapensioides A. Gray

Synonyms: Azorella diapensioides Wedd., Azorella diapensioides Wedd., Azorella diapensioides Wedd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1293: 24; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 7. 
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Andean III: grasslands. 3500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Duncan et al. 2649 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Pasco, Puno, Tacna.


$


 Azorella diapensioides var. denticulata Wedd.


Azorella diapensioides var. denticulata Wedd. = Azorella diapensioides A. Gray

Reference: FP 1293: 24; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 7. 


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 Azorella diapensioides var. glabra Wedd.


Azorella diapensioides var. glabra Wedd. = Azorella diapensioides A. Gray

Reference: FP 1293: 24; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 7. 


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 Azorella glabra Wedd.


Azorella glabra Wedd. = Azorella diapensioides A. Gray

Reference: FP 1293: 24; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 7. 


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 Azorella laxa H. Wolff


Azorella laxa H. Wolff = Azorella multifida (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Reference: FP 1293: 25; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 10. 


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 Azorella lehmannii Hieron.


Azorella lehmannii Hieron. = Azorella biloba (Schltdl.) Wedd.

Reference: FP 1293: 24; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 11. 


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 Azorella multifida (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.



Azorella multifida (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Synonyms: Azorella multifida (Ruiz & Pav.) Spreng. ex Roem. & Schult., Azorella multifida H. Wolff, Azorella multifida H. Wolff, Azorella multifida Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1293: 25; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 10. 
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Andean II-III: grasslands, shrublands. 3000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (MA), Hutchison 1625 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Pasco, Piura, Puno.


$


 Azorella mutisiana (Hieron.) Hieron. ex H. Wolff


Azorella mutisiana (Hieron.) Hieron. ex H. Wolff = Azorella crenata (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Reference: FP 1293: 23; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 12. 


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 Azorella prismatoclada Domin


Azorella prismatoclada Domin = Azorella compacta Phil.

Reference: FP 1293: 21. 


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 Azorella pulvinata Wedd.



Azorella pulvinata Wedd.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1293: 27; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1957: 189; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 16. 
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Andean III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 4000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Rauh & Hirsh P1887 (F)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco.


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 Azorella reniformis (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Pers.



Azorella reniformis (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Pers.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1293: 23; Constance, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (P!)


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 Azorella weberbaueri H. Wolff


Azorella weberbaueri H. Wolff = Azorella multifida (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Reference: FP 1293: 25; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 10. 


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 Azorella yareta Hauman


Azorella yareta Hauman = Azorella compacta Phil.

Reference: FP 1293: 21. 


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 Azukia radiata (L.) Ohwi


Azukia radiata (L.) Ohwi = Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek

Reference: Marechal, R., J.-M. Mascherpa & F. Stainier, 1978: 209; Duke, J. A., 1981: 293. 


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 Azureocereus ciliisquamus F. Ritter


Azureocereus ciliisquamus F. Ritter = Browningia viridis (Rauh & Backeb.) Buxb.

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1323. 


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 Azureocereus deflexispinus Backeb. ex Rauh


Azureocereus deflexispinus Backeb. ex Rauh = Echinopsis knuthiana (Backeb.) Friedrich & G. Rowley

Reference: Rauh, W., 1958: 281; Hunt, D., 1992: 36. 


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 Azureocereus hertlingianus (Backeb.) Rauh


Azureocereus hertlingianus (Backeb.) Rauh = Browningia hertlingiana (Rauh) Buxb.

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1322; Hunt, D., 1992: 36. 


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 Azureocereus nobilis Akers


Azureocereus nobilis Akers = Browningia hertlingiana (Rauh) Buxb.

Reference: Akers, J. & H. Johnson, 1949: 134; Rauh, W., 1958: 279; Ritter, F., 1981: 1322. 


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 Azureocereus viridis Rauh & Backeb.


Azureocereus viridis Rauh & Backeb. = Browningia viridis (Rauh & Backeb.) Buxb.

Reference: Backeberg, C., 1956: 14; Rauh, W., 1958: 280; Ritter, F., 1981: 1323. 


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 Bacasia corymbosa Ruiz & Pav.


Bacasia corymbosa Ruiz & Pav. = Barnadesia corymbosa (Ruiz & Pav.) D. Don

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 Bacasia spinosa Ruiz & Pav.


Bacasia spinosa Ruiz & Pav. = Barnadesia dombeyana Less.

Reference: Cabrera, A. L., 1960: 209. 


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 Baccharis absinthioides Hook. & Arn.


Baccharis absinthioides Hook. & Arn. = Pluchea absinthioides (Hook. & Arn.) H. Rob.

Reference: FP 27926: 58. 


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 Baccharis adscendens Pers.


Baccharis adscendens Pers. = Baccharis scandens (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Reference: Cabrera, A. L., 1960: 203. 


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 Baccharis alaternoides Kunth



Baccharis alaternoides Kunth

Synonyms: Baccharis alaternoides Kunth
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 4. 
Ecology. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland s.n.* (P-H&B), Ferreyra 1299 (US)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Lima, La Libertad.


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 Baccharis alnifolia Meyen & Walp.



Baccharis alnifolia Meyen & Walp.

$


 Baccharis alpina Kunth


Baccharis alpina Kunth = Baccharis caespitosa var. alpina (Kunth) Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1968: 218. 


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 Baccharis alpina var. surculosa Wedd.


Baccharis alpina var. surculosa Wedd. = Baccharis caespitosa var. surculosa (Wedd.) Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1968: 219. 


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 Baccharis arbutifolia M. Vahl



Baccharis arbutifolia M. Vahl

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 16. 
Ecology: Native shrub. . 
Note: Treated by Index Kewensis & Cuatrecasas, 1967 as based on Conzya arbutifolia Lamarck, but there is no reference to Lamarck's name in the protologue, and a different specimen is cited.  The Lamark type and species (B. arbutifolia (Lamarck) H.B.K.) is said by Cuatrecasas to be endemic to Ecuador. Vahl reports his species as Peruvian. 
Voucher: Schumacher s.n.* (C)


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 Baccharis aretioides Sch. Bip.


Baccharis aretioides Sch. Bip. = Mniodes aretioides (Sch. Bip.) Cuatrec.

Reference: FP 27926: 53. 


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 Baccharis auriculigera Hieron.



Baccharis auriculigera Hieron.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1968: 226. 
Ecology. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Jelski 685* (photo F!), Sag&aacute;stegui 8260 (HUT, NY!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, La Libertad, Piura.


$


 Baccharis ayacuchensis Cuatrec.



Baccharis ayacuchensis Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1981: 69. 
Ecology. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Dudley 12005* (US!)
Departments: Ayacucho.


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 Baccharis berberifolia Kunth


Baccharis berberifolia Kunth = Baccharis oblongifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Reference: Cabrera, A. L., 1960: 200. 


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 Baccharis boliviensis (Wedd.) Cabrera



Baccharis boliviensis (Wedd.) Cabrera

Synonyms: Baccharis boliviensis (Wedd.) Cabrera, Baccharis boliviensis (Wedd.) Cabrera, Baccharis boliviensis Wedd.
Reference: Cabrera, A. L., 1975: 256. 
Ecology. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Peyton & Peyton 30 (F!)
Departments: Cuzco.


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 Baccharis brachylaenoides DC.



Baccharis brachylaenoides DC.

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 Baccharis brachylaenoides DC. var.brachylaenoides



Baccharis brachylaenoides DC. var. brachylaenoides 

Synonyms: Baccharis brachylaenoides brachylaenoides DC., Baccharis brachylaenoides brachylaenoides Rusby
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 66. 
Ecology. 500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (G), Boeke 2000 (NY)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Baccharis brachylaenoides var.mathewsii Cuatrec.



Baccharis brachylaenoides var. mathewsii Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 13. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Mathews 1838* (K)
Departments: Amazonas.


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 Baccharis buchtienii H. Rob.



Baccharis buchtienii H. Rob.

Reference: Robinson, H., 1988: 38. 
Ecology. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Luteyn 6428 (NY)
Departments: Cuzco.


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 Baccharis buddlejoides Kunth



Baccharis buddlejoides Kunth

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 Baccharis buxifolia (Lam.) Pers.



Baccharis buxifolia (Lam.) Pers.

Synonyms: Baccharis buxifolia Lam.
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 73. 
Ecology. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Jussieu s.n.* (P), Tupayachi 607 (NY)
Departments: Cuzco.


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 Baccharis caespitosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.



Baccharis caespitosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

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 Baccharis caespitosa var.alpina (Kunth) Cuatrec.



Baccharis caespitosa var. alpina (Kunth) Cuatrec.

Synonyms: Baccharis caespitosa alpina Kunth
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 42; Cuatrecasas, J., 1968: 219. 
Ecology. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 623 (F!)
Departments: Cuzco.


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 Baccharis caespitosa var.caespitosa



Baccharis caespitosa var. caespitosa 

Synonyms: Baccharis caespitosa caespitosa Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1968: 218. 
Ecology. 3000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 14670 (NY)
Departments: Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Puno.


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 Baccharis caespitosa var.surculosa (Wedd.) Cuatrec.



Baccharis caespitosa var. surculosa (Wedd.) Cuatrec.

Synonyms: Baccharis caespitosa surculosa Hieron., Baccharis caespitosa var. surculosa Wedd.
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1968: 219. 
Ecology. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 1868 (F!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco.


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 Baccharis candolleana Steud.


Baccharis candolleana Steud. = Nothobaccharis candolleana (Steud.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

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 Baccharis cataphracta Sprengel



Baccharis cataphracta Sprengel

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 Baccharis chachapoyasensis Cuatrec.



Baccharis chachapoyasensis Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1964: 138. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: rocky slopes, shrublands. 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Wurdack 597* (US!), Wurdack 598 (US)
Departments: Amazonas.


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 Baccharis chilcaura Hieron.



Baccharis chilcaura Hieron.

Reference: Hieronymus, G., 1905: 478. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Jelski 740* & 771* (B syntypes), Fosberg 56181 (NY)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


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 Baccharis chilco Kunth



Baccharis chilco Kunth

Synonyms: Baccharis chilco (R. & P.) DC., Baccharis chilco Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 31. 
Ecology. 1000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 24513 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Baccharis cinnamomifolia Kunth


Baccharis cinnamomifolia Kunth = Baccharis pedunculata (Mill.) Cabrera

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 48. 


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 Baccharis corymbosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.



Baccharis corymbosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Synonyms: Baccharis corymbosa Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1968: 226. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Macbride 4480 (F!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


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 Baccharis cutervensis Hieron.



Baccharis cutervensis Hieron.

Synonyms: Baccharis cutervensis Klatt, Baccharis cutervensis Teodoro
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 15. 
Ecology. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Jelski 690* (B), Wurdack 1377 (US)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca.


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 Baccharis davidsonii Cuatrec.



Baccharis davidsonii Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1981: 71. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Davidson & Jones 9000 (US!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


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 Baccharis dependens (R. & P.) Pers.



Baccharis dependens (R. & P.) Pers.

Synonyms: Baccharis dependens Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Cabrera, A. L., 1960: 213. 
Ecology: Native shrub. . 
Voucher: Ruiz & P&aacute;von s.n.* (MA)n
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


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 Baccharis dracunculifolia DC.



Baccharis dracunculifolia DC.

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 Baccharis dudleyi Cuatrec.



Baccharis dudleyi Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1981: 70. 
Ecology. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Dudley 13183* (NA), Dudley 13238 (NA)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


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 Baccharis emarginata (R. & P.) Pers.



Baccharis emarginata (R. & P.) Pers.

Synonyms: Baccharis emarginata Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 3. 
Ecology. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Macbride 3454 (US)
Departments: Ayacucho, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Baccharis espadae Cuatrec.



Baccharis espadae Cuatrec.

$


 Baccharis ferruginea (R. & P.) Pers.


Baccharis ferruginea (R. & P.) Pers. = Loricaria ferruginea (Ruiz & Pav.) Wedd.

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 Baccharis fevillei DC.



Baccharis fevillei DC.

Reference: Cabrera, A. L., 1960: 203. 
Note: For alternative treatment see Cuatrecasas (1967: 5). 


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 Baccharis floribunda Kunth


Baccharis floribunda Kunth = Baccharis latifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 15; Cuatrecasas, J., 1968: 201. 


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 Baccharis frigida Kunth



Baccharis frigida Kunth

Reference: Robinson, H., 1988: 37. 
Ecology. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Becker & Terrones 1685 (US!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


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 Baccharis genistelloides (Lam.) Pers.



Baccharis genistelloides (Lam.) Pers.

Synonyms: Baccharis genistelloides (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers., Baccharis genistelloides Lam., Baccharis genistelloides Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 85. 
Ecology. 500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Smith & Canne 5783 (NY)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Pasco, Piura, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Baccharis glutinosa Pers.


Baccharis glutinosa Pers. = Baccharis salicifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1968: 204. 


$



$


 Baccharis grandicapitulata Hieron.



Baccharis grandicapitulata Hieron.

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 Baccharis grandicapitulata var.grandicapitulata



Baccharis grandicapitulata var. grandicapitulata 

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 4. 
Ecology. 2500-4500 m. 
Note: Perhaps only a form of B. emarginata, according to Cuatrecasas (1967a). 
Voucher: Jelski 773 (US!), Wurdack 664 (US)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, Piura.


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 Baccharis grandicapitulata var.subdentata Hieron.



Baccharis grandicapitulata var. subdentata Hieron.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 5. 
Ecology. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Jelski s.n.* (US), Killip & Smith 23250 (NY)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cajamarca.


$


 Baccharis graveolens Sch. Bip.


Baccharis graveolens Sch. Bip. = Loricaria graveolens (Sch. Bip.) Wedd.

Reference: FP 27926: 46. 


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 Baccharis grindeliaefolia Wedd.


Baccharis grindeliaefolia Wedd. = Baccharis uniflora (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1981: 72. 


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 Baccharis hutchisonii Cuatrec.



Baccharis hutchisonii Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 25; Robinson, H., 1988: 37. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 5173* (F!, US!), Becker 1282 (US)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Baccharis ilinissae Benth.


Baccharis ilinissae Benth. = Loricaria ferruginea (Ruiz & Pav.) Wedd.

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 Baccharis incarum fo.incarum



Baccharis incarum fo. incarum 

Synonyms: Baccharis incarum var. incarum Wedd.
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1963: 7; Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 6. 
Ecology. 3500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Weddell s.n.* (P), Hutchison 1735 (NY)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Arequipa, Puno.


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 Baccharis incarum fo.prostrata Cuatrec.



Baccharis incarum fo. prostrata Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 8. 
Ecology. 3000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 14670 (US)
Departments: Lima, Puno.


$


 Baccharis incarum Wedd.



Baccharis incarum Wedd.

$


 Baccharis iresinoides Kunth


Baccharis iresinoides Kunth = Baccharis salicifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1968: 204. 


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 Baccharis jelskii Hieron.



Baccharis jelskii Hieron.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 46. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. . 
Voucher: Jelski 772 (US!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Pasco.


$


 Baccharis kingii Cuatrec.



Baccharis kingii Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1982: 166. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: King & Collins 9028* (US!), L&oacute;pez 3223 (HUT)
Departments: Ancash, Lima.


$


 Baccharis lanceolata Kunth


Baccharis lanceolata Kunth = Baccharis salicifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1968: 204. 


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 Baccharis latifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.



Baccharis latifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Synonyms: Baccharis latifolia Kunth, Baccharis latifolia Kunth, Baccharis latifolia Kunth, Baccharis latifolia Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 5; Cuatrecasas, J., 1968: 201. 
Ecology. 1000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Hutchison 1666 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Puno.


$


 Baccharis ledifolia Kunth



Baccharis ledifolia Kunth

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 21. 
Ecology. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland s.n.* (P-H&B), Hutchison & Wright 6965 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca.


$


 Baccharis libertadensis (S. B. Jones) H. Rob.



Baccharis libertadensis (S. B. Jones) H. Rob.

Synonyms: Baccharis libertadensis S. B. Jones
Reference: Robinson, H., 1988: 37. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: L&oacute;pez 1947* (GA), L&oacute;pez 0971 (US)
Departments: La Libertad.


$


 Baccharis lucida Meyen


Baccharis lucida Meyen = Parastrephia lucida (Meyen) Cabrera

Reference: Cabrera, A. L., 1954: 57. 


$


 Baccharis macraei Hook. & Arn.



Baccharis macraei Hook. & Arn.

$


 Baccharis mapiriiensis Rusby


Baccharis mapiriiensis Rusby = Baccharis quitensis Kunth

$


 Baccharis microphylla DC.


Baccharis microphylla DC. = Nothobaccharis candolleana (Steud.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 486. 


$


 Baccharis microphylla var. incarum Wedd.


Baccharis microphylla var. incarum Wedd. = Baccharis incarum fo. incarum 

$


 Baccharis nitida (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.



Baccharis nitida (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Synonyms: Baccharis nitida Cuatrec., Baccharis nitida DC., Baccharis nitida Kunth, Baccharis nitida Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 70; Cuatrecasas, J., 1968: 225. 
Ecology. 500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (B frag. F!), Maguire & Maguire 44437 (NY!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Baccharis oblanceolata Rusby


Baccharis oblanceolata Rusby = Baccharis brachylaenoides DC. var. brachylaenoides 

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 66. 


$


 Baccharis oblongifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.



Baccharis oblongifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Synonyms: Baccharis oblongifolia Kunth, Baccharis oblongifolia Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Cabrera, A. L., 1960: 200; Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 14. 
Ecology. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Wurdack 1644 (NY)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Baccharis obovata (R. & P.) DC.


Baccharis obovata (R. & P.) DC. = Baccharis chilco Kunth

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 31. 


$


 Baccharis obtusifolia Kunth



Baccharis obtusifolia Kunth

$


 Baccharis odorata Kunth



Baccharis odorata Kunth

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1969: 279. 
Ecology. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 21747 (NY)
Departments: Cuzco, Lima.


$


 Baccharis oronocensis DC.


Baccharis oronocensis DC. = Baccharis nitida (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 70; Cuatrecasas, J., 1968: 225. 


$


 Baccharis oronocensis var. perua Cuatrec.


Baccharis oronocensis var. perua Cuatrec. = Baccharis nitida (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1968: 225. 


$


 Baccharis oxyphylla DC.



Baccharis oxyphylla DC.

$


 Baccharis pachycephala Hieron.



Baccharis pachycephala Hieron.

Reference: Hieronymus, G., 1905: 480. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: For alternative treatment, see Cuatrecasas (1967: 4). 
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 5192 (NY)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Baccharis parviflora (R. & P.) Pers.


Baccharis parviflora (R. & P.) Pers. = Baccharis salicifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Reference: Cabrera, A. L., 1960: 202. 


$


 Baccharis parviflora Ruiz & Pav.


Baccharis parviflora Ruiz & Pav. = Baccharis salicifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Reference: Cabrera, A. L., 1960: 214. 


$


 Baccharis parvifolia DC.



Baccharis parvifolia DC.

$


 Baccharis patiensis Hieron.



Baccharis patiensis Hieron.

Synonyms: Baccharis patiensis Hieron.
Reference: Hieronymus, G., 1906: 202. 
Ecology. 0-1000 m. 
Note: Hieronymus's discussion indicates that he considers var. pluridentata to be an insignificant variant, and the type is a mixed collection with the typical variety, until then reported only from Colombia. 
Voucher: Ule 6470 (B)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Baccharis patiensis var. pluridentata Hieron.


Baccharis patiensis var. pluridentata Hieron. = Baccharis patiensis Hieron.

Reference: Hieronymus, G., 1906: 203. 


$


 Baccharis pedunculata (Mill.) Cabrera



Baccharis pedunculata (Mill.) Cabrera

Synonyms: Baccharis pedunculata Kunth, Baccharis pedunculata Mill.
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 48; Cuatrecasas, J., 1968: 221. 
Ecology. 500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Rimachi 4970 (NY)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Baccharis pellucida Hieron.



Baccharis pellucida Hieron.

Reference: Hieronymus, G., 1905: 482. 
Ecology: Native shrub. . 
Voucher: Jelski 671* (US), Luteyn 6335 (US!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Baccharis pentlandii DC.



Baccharis pentlandii DC.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 20. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III: grasslands, riversides. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Luteyn 6335 (US!)
Departments: Ancash, Huancavelica, Puno.


$


 Baccharis peruviana Cuatrec.



Baccharis peruviana Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 23. 
Ecology. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Soukup 3761* (US!), Kunkel 693 (US)
Departments: Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Baccharis petiolata DC.



Baccharis petiolata DC.

$


 Baccharis phylicaeformis Meyen


Baccharis phylicaeformis Meyen = Parastrephia phylicaeformis (Walp. ) Cabrera

Reference: Cabrera, A. L., 1954: 57. 


$


 Baccharis phylicoides Kunth



Baccharis phylicoides Kunth

$


 Baccharis polyantha Kunth


Baccharis polyantha Kunth = Baccharis latifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Reference: Cabrera, A. L., 1960: 198. 


$


 Baccharis prinoides Kunth


Baccharis prinoides Kunth = Baccharis nitida (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 70; Cuatrecasas, J., 1968: 225. 


$


 Baccharis procumbens Hieron.


Baccharis procumbens Hieron. = Baccharis caespitosa var. surculosa (Wedd.) Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1968: 219. 


$


 Baccharis prostrata Ruiz & Pav.


Baccharis prostrata Ruiz & Pav. = Baccharis tricuneata var. ruiziana Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1968: 214. 


$


 Baccharis prostrata var. lineata Cuatrec.


Baccharis prostrata var. lineata Cuatrec. = Baccharis tricuneata var. lineata (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1968: 214. 


$


 Baccharis prunifolia Kunth



Baccharis prunifolia Kunth

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1969: 249. 
Ecology. 2500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland s.n.* (P frag. F!), Foster 8999 (F!)
Departments: Cuzco, Pasco.


$


 Baccharis pseudospathulata Teodoro


Baccharis pseudospathulata Teodoro = Baccharis cutervensis Hieron.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 15. 


$


 Baccharis pulchella Schultz-Bip. ex Klatt



Baccharis pulchella Schultz-Bip. ex Klatt

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1968: 225. 
Ecology. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 1843 (F!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Lima, Puno.


$


 Baccharis pulverulenta Klatt



Baccharis pulverulenta Klatt

$


 Baccharis quadrangularis Meyen


Baccharis quadrangularis Meyen = Lepidophyllum quadrangulare (Jacq.) Benth. & Hook. f.

Reference: Cabrera, A. L., 1954: 57. 


$


 Baccharis quitensis Kunth



Baccharis quitensis Kunth

Synonyms: Baccharis quitensis Rusby
Reference: Hieronymus, G., 1905: 482; Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 8. 
Ecology. 1000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 4463 (NY)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco.


$


 Baccharis radin Phil.



Baccharis radin Phil.

$


 Baccharis resinosa Kunth


Baccharis resinosa Kunth = Baccharis alaternoides Kunth

$


 Baccharis revoluta Kunth



Baccharis revoluta Kunth

$


 Baccharis rhexioides Kunth


Baccharis rhexioides Kunth = Baccharis trinervis (Lam.) Pers.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 49; Cuatrecasas, J., 1969: 272. 


$


 Baccharis riparia Kunth


Baccharis riparia Kunth = Baccharis latifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 15; Cuatrecasas, J., 1968: 201. 


$


 Baccharis salicifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.



Baccharis salicifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Synonyms: Baccharis salicifolia (R. & P.) Pers., Baccharis salicifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze, Baccharis salicifolia DC., Baccharis salicifolia Kunth, Baccharis salicifolia Kunth, Baccharis salicifolia Pers., Baccharis salicifolia Ruiz & Pav., Baccharis salicifolia Ruiz & Pav., Baccharis salicifolia Ruiz & Pav., Baccharis salicifolia Ruiz & Pav., Baccharis salicifolia Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Cabrera, A. L., 1960: 214; Cuatrecasas, J., 1968: 204. 
Ecology. 0-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n sn. * (MA), Pennell 14346 (NY)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cajamarca, Jun&iacute;n, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Baccharis scabra (R. & P.) Pers.



Baccharis scabra (R. & P.) Pers.

Synonyms: Baccharis scabra Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Cabrera, A. L., 1960: 213. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. . 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Baccharis scandens (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.



Baccharis scandens (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Synonyms: Baccharis scandens Pers., Baccharis scandens Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Cabrera, A. L., 1960: 203; Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 5. 
Ecology. 500-1500 m. 
Note: For alternative treatment, see Cuatrecasas (1967: 5). 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA, Hutchison & Wright 3570 (NY)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Baccharis semiserrata DC.


Baccharis semiserrata DC. = Baccharis sternbergiana Steud.

Reference: Robinson, H., 1988: 38. 


$


 Baccharis sinuata Kunth



Baccharis sinuata Kunth

$


 Baccharis solomonii H. Rob.



Baccharis solomonii H. Rob.

Reference: Robinson, H., 1988: 40. 
Ecology: Native liana. Andean II: elfin forests. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Boeke & Boeke 3107 (US!)
Departments: Puno.


$


 Baccharis spathulata Klatt


Baccharis spathulata Klatt = Baccharis cutervensis Hieron.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 15. 
Note: non Baccharis spathulata Schauer   


$


 Baccharis sternbergiana Steud.



Baccharis sternbergiana Steud.

Synonyms: Baccharis sternbergiana DC.
Reference: Robinson, H., 1988: 38. 
Ecology. 1000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 4472 (NY)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, La Libertad.


$


 Baccharis stuebelii Hieron.



Baccharis stuebelii Hieron.

$


 Baccharis subalata Wedd.



Baccharis subalata Wedd.

$


 Baccharis subbimera Hieron.



Baccharis subbimera Hieron.

$


 Baccharis subsculpta Hochr.



Baccharis subsculpta Hochr.

$


 Baccharis tarmensis Cuatrec.



Baccharis tarmensis Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 22. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: riversides. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (G), Hutchison & Wright 6982 (NY)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Baccharis thuyoides (Lamarck) Pers.


Baccharis thuyoides (Lamarck) Pers. = Loricaria thuyoides (Lam.) Sch. Bip. var. thuyoides 

$


 Baccharis tomentosa (Ruiz & Pavon) Pers.



Baccharis tomentosa (Ruiz & Pavon) Pers.

Synonyms: Baccharis tomentosa Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Cabrera, A. L., 1960: 204; Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 21. 
Ecology. 3500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Ferreyra 5817 (US, USM)
Departments: Ancash.


$


 Baccharis tricuneata (L. f.) Pers.



Baccharis tricuneata (L. f.) Pers.

$


 Baccharis tricuneata fo.angusta Cuatrec.



Baccharis tricuneata fo. angusta Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1968: 215. 
Ecology. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 5826* (US!), Weberbauer 5823 (GH)
Departments: Ayacucho.


$


 Baccharis tricuneata fo.callaensis Cuatrec.



Baccharis tricuneata fo. callaensis Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1968: 218. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: shrublands. 3000-3500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Wurdack 1706* (US!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Baccharis tricuneata var.lineata (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.



Baccharis tricuneata var. lineata (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.

Synonyms: Baccharis tricuneata var. lineata Cuatrec.
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1968: 214. 
Ecology. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Isern 438* (US!), Fosberg 28378 (NY)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Cuzco.


$


 Baccharis tricuneata var.robusta Cuatrec.



Baccharis tricuneata var. robusta Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1968: 215. 
Ecology. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 2468* (F!), Pennell 14636 (US!)
Departments: Ayacucho.


$


 Baccharis tricuneata var.ruiziana Cuatrec.



Baccharis tricuneata var. ruiziana Cuatrec.

Synonyms: Baccharis tricuneata ruiziana Ruiz & Pav., Baccharis tricuneata ruiziana Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1968: 214. 
Ecology. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz  & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (G), Killip & Smith 22172 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Baccharis tricuneata var.tricuneata



Baccharis tricuneata var. tricuneata 

Synonyms: Baccharis tricuneata tricuneata L. f.
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 34; Cuatrecasas, J., 1968: 212. 
Ecology. 2000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 4335 (NY)
Departments: Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Baccharis trinervis (Lam.) Pers.



Baccharis trinervis (Lam.) Pers.

Synonyms: Baccharis trinervis Kunth, Baccharis trinervis Lam.
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 49. 
Ecology. 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui 12359 (NY)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Piura, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Baccharis uniflora (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.



Baccharis uniflora (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Synonyms: Baccharis uniflora Ruiz & Pav., Baccharis uniflora Wedd.
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1981: 72; Robinson, H., 1988: 38. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean III: grasslands, rocky slopes, shrublands. 3500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 1053 (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Ica, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad.


$


 Baccharis venosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.


Baccharis venosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers. = Baccharis genistelloides (Lam.) Pers.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 85. 


$


 Baccharis venulosa DC.


Baccharis venulosa DC. = Baccharis brachylaenoides DC. var. brachylaenoides 

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 66. 


$


 Baccharis venulosoides Malagarriga



Baccharis venulosoides Malagarriga

Reference: Malagarriga H., R. de P., 1977: 139. 
Ecology. 2500-3500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Wurdack 1645* (US!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Baccharis viscosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze


Baccharis viscosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze = Baccharis salicifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1968: 204. 


$


 Baccharis volubilis Kunth



Baccharis volubilis Kunth

$


 Baccharoides brachylepis (Schultz-Bip. ex Baker) Kuntze


Baccharoides brachylepis (Schultz-Bip. ex Baker) Kuntze = Centratherum punctatum Cass.

Reference: FP 1416: 59. 


$


 Baccharoides holtonii (Baker) Kuntze


Baccharoides holtonii (Baker) Kuntze = Centratherum punctatum Cass.

Reference: FP 1416: 59. 


$


 Baccharoides muticum (Kunth) Kuntze


Baccharoides muticum (Kunth) Kuntze = Centratherum punctatum Cass.

Reference: FP 1416: 59. 


$


 Baccharoides punctatum (Cass.) Kuntze


Baccharoides punctatum (Cass.) Kuntze = Centratherum punctatum Cass.

Reference: FP 1416: 59. 


$


 Baccharoides violaceum (Schrank) Kuntze


Baccharoides violaceum (Schrank) Kuntze = Centratherum punctatum Cass.

Reference: FP 1416: 59. 


$


 Bacopa chamaidryoides Wettst.


Bacopa chamaidryoides Wettst. = Mecardonia procumbens (Mill.) Small

Reference: FP 1361: 481. 


$


 Bacopa dianthera (Sw.) Descole & Borsini


Bacopa dianthera (Sw.) Descole & Borsini = Mecardonia procumbens (Mill.) Small

Reference: FP 1361: 481. 


$


 Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell



Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell

Synonyms: Bacopa monnieri (L.) Kunth, Bacopa monnieri (L.) L., Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell, Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst., Bacopa monnieri (Michx.) Raf., Bacopa monnieri Forsk., Bacopa monnieri L., Bacopa monnieri Lam., Bacopa monnieri Lour., Bacopa monnieri Michx., Bacopa monnieri Pers., Bacopa monnieri Pers., Bacopa monnieri Pers., Bacopa monnieri Pers., Bacopa monnieri Pers., Bacopa monnieri Pers., Bacopa monnieri Ruiz & Pav., Bacopa monnieri Spreng.
Reference: Philcox, D., 1979: 679. 
Ecology: Native herb. Coastal: lomas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 19422 (USM!)
Departments: Ica, Lima, Piura, Tacna.


$


 Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst.


Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst. = Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell

Reference: FP 1361: 480; Philcox, D., 1979: 680. 


$


 Bacopa procumbens (Mill.) Greenm.


Bacopa procumbens (Mill.) Greenm. = Mecardonia procumbens (Mill.) Small

Reference: FP 1361: 481; Holmgren, pers. comm.. 


$


 Bacopa salzmannii (Benth.) Wettst.



Bacopa salzmannii (Benth.) Wettst.

Synonyms: Bacopa salzmannii Benth.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 483. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Bacopa stricta (Schrader in Link) Edwall



Bacopa stricta (Schrader in Link) Edwall

Synonyms: Bacopa stricta Benth., Bacopa stricta Schrader in Link, Bacopa stricta Spreng.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 483. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: swamps. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Belshaw 3388 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Bactris acanthocarpoides Barb. Rodr.



Bactris acanthocarpoides Barb. Rodr.

$


 Bactris acanthospatha Trail ex Drude



Bactris acanthospatha Trail ex Drude

$


 Bactris actinoneura Drude & Trail ex Drude


Bactris actinoneura Drude & Trail ex Drude = Bactris monticola Barb. Rodr.

Reference: FP 39695: 406. 


$


 Bactris amoena Burret


Bactris amoena Burret = Bactris simplicifrons Mart.

Reference: FP 39695: 406. 


$


 Bactris angustifolia Dammer



Bactris angustifolia Dammer

Reference: Flora Peru: 39695: 407. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Bactris arundinacea (Trail) Drude



Bactris arundinacea (Trail) Drude

Synonyms: Bactris arundinacea Trail


$


 Bactris bifida Mart.



Bactris bifida Mart.

$


 Bactris brongnartii Mart.


Bactris brongnartii Mart. = Bactris maraja Mart.

Reference: FP 39695: 407. 


$


 Bactris chaetochlamys Burret



Bactris chaetochlamys Burret

Reference: Flora Peru: 39695: 408. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Bactris chloracantha Poepp. ex Mart.



Bactris chloracantha Poepp. ex Mart.

Reference: Flora Peru: 39695: 408. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Poeppig 2107* 
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Bactris ciliata (Ruiz & Pav.) Mart.


Bactris ciliata (Ruiz & Pav.) Mart. = Bactris gasipaes Kunth

Reference: FP 39695: 409; Henderson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Bactris concinna Mart.



Bactris concinna Mart.

Synonyms: Bactris concinna (Mart.) Burret
Reference: Flora Peru: 39695: 409. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 52224 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Bactris corosilla Karsten



Bactris corosilla Karsten

$


 Bactris cuspidata Mart.



Bactris cuspidata Mart.

Reference: Flora Peru: 39695: 410. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Bactris cuspidata var. mitis Drude


Bactris cuspidata var. mitis Drude = Bactris hirta Mart.

Reference: FP 39695: 414. 


$


 Bactris eumorpha subsp. arundinacea Trail


Bactris eumorpha subsp. arundinacea Trail = Bactris arundinacea (Trail) Drude

$


 Bactris fissifrons Mart.



Bactris fissifrons Mart.

Reference: Flora Peru: 39695: 411. 
Ecology: Native treelet. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Balick et al. 989 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Bactris gasipaes Kunth



Bactris gasipaes Kunth

Synonyms: Bactris gasipaes (Kunth) L.H. Bailey, Bactris gasipaes (Ruiz & Pav.) H. A. Wendland ex Kerchove, Bactris gasipaes (Ruiz & Pav.) Mart., Bactris gasipaes Huber, Bactris gasipaes Mart., Bactris gasipaes Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 39695: 411. 
Ecology: Cultivated tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Kayap 370 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Ucayali.


$


 Bactris hirta Mart.



Bactris hirta Mart.

Synonyms: Bactris hirta Burret, Bactris hirta Dammer, Bactris hirta Drude, Bactris hirta Mart., Bactris hirta Mart., Bactris hirta Mart.
Reference: Flora Peru: 39695: 412. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ule 6221* , Croat 20192 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Bactris humilis (Wallace) Burret



Bactris humilis (Wallace) Burret

Synonyms: Bactris humilis Wallace


$


 Bactris killipii Burret



Bactris killipii Burret

Reference: Flora Peru: 39695: 413; Henderson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez et al. 6216 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Bactris lakoi Burret


Bactris lakoi Burret = Bactris hirta Mart.

Reference: FP 39695: 413. 


$


 Bactris longifrons Mart.



Bactris longifrons Mart.

$


 Bactris maraja Mart.



Bactris maraja Mart.

Synonyms: Bactris maraja (Mart.) Burret, Bactris maraja Barb. Rodr., Bactris maraja Mart.
Reference: Flora Peru: 39695: 407. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 3344 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Bactris mitis Mart.


Bactris mitis Mart. = Bactris hirta Mart.

Reference: FP 39695: 414. 


$


 Bactris mollis Dammer


Bactris mollis Dammer = Bactris hirta Mart.

Reference: FP 39695: 412. 


$


 Bactris monticola Barb. Rodr.



Bactris monticola Barb. Rodr.

Synonyms: Bactris monticola Drude & Trail ex Drude, Bactris monticola Trail
Reference: Glassman, S. F., 1972: 45. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 10572 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Bactris naevia Poepp. ex Burret


Bactris naevia Poepp. ex Burret = Bactris simplicifrons Mart.

Reference: FP 39695: 414. 


$


 Bactris pectinata Mart.


Bactris pectinata Mart. = Bactris hirta Mart.

$


 Bactris piranga Trail



Bactris piranga Trail

$


 Bactris praemorsa Poepp. ex Mart.


Bactris praemorsa Poepp. ex Mart. = Aiphanes aculeata Willd.

Reference: FP 39695: 396; Henderson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Bactris riparia Mart.



Bactris riparia Mart.

Reference: Flora Peru: 39695: 415. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Mej&iacute;a 71 (USM)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Bactris rivularis Barb. Rodr.


Bactris rivularis Barb. Rodr. = Bactris maraja Mart.

Reference: FP 39695: 407; Glassman, S. F., 1972: 49. 


$



$


 Bactris simplicifrons Mart.



Bactris simplicifrons Mart.

Synonyms: Bactris simplicifrons Burret, Bactris simplicifrons Poepp. ex Burret


$


 Bactris sphaerocarpa Trail



Bactris sphaerocarpa Trail

$


 Bactris trichospatha Trail


Bactris trichospatha Trail = Bactris monticola Barb. Rodr.

Reference: FP 39695: 415; Glassman, S. F., 1972: 54. 


$


 Bactris utilis Benth. & Hook. f. ex Hemsl.



Bactris utilis Benth. & Hook. f. ex Hemsl.

$


 Bactyrilobium bacillare (L. f.) Hornem.


Bactyrilobium bacillare (L. f.) Hornem. = Senna bacillaris (L. f.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby var. bacillaris 

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 113. 
Note: NN  


$


 Bactyrilobium fistula (L.) Willd.


Bactyrilobium fistula (L.) Willd. = Cassia fistula L.

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 14. 


$


 Badilloa drepanoides (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Badilloa drepanoides (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Badilloa drepanoides B. Robinson
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 350, 487. 
Ecology. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 2918a* (B destroyed)
Departments: Ancash.


$


 Badilloa helianthifolia (Kunth) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Badilloa helianthifolia (Kunth) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Badilloa helianthifolia Kunth
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 350, 487. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland s.n.* (P-H&B), Soukup 4346 (US!)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Badilloa herrerae (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Badilloa herrerae (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Badilloa herrerae B. Robinson
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 350, 487. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Herrera 1593* (F!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Badilloa procera (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Badilloa procera (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Badilloa procera B. Robinson
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 350, 487. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 1551* (F!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Badilloa sphagnophila (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Badilloa sphagnophila (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Badilloa sphagnophila B. Robinson
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 351, 487. 
Ecology. 1500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 4968* (F!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Badula laxiflora Bentham pro. syn.


Badula laxiflora Bentham pro. syn. = Stylogyne laxiflora (Bentham pro. syn.) Mez

Reference: Mez, C., 1902: 273. 


$


 Badula peruviana A. DC.


Badula peruviana A. DC. = Geissanthus peruvianus (A. DC.) Mez

Reference: FP 1335: 190. 


$


 Baea triandra (G. Don) Pers.


Baea triandra (G. Don) Pers. = Porodittia triandra (Cav.) G. Don

Reference: FP 1361: 701. 


$


 Baillieria aspera Aubl.


Baillieria aspera Aubl. = Clibadium asperum (Aubl.) DC.

$


 Baillieria sylvestris Aubl.


Baillieria sylvestris Aubl. = Clibadium sylvestre (Aubl.) Baill.

$


 Baitaria acaulis Ruiz & Pav.


Baitaria acaulis Ruiz & Pav. = Calandrinia carolinii Hershkovitz & D. I. Ford

Reference: Hershkovitz, M. A. & D. I. Ford, 1993: 282. 


$


 Balbisia meyeniana Klotzsch



Balbisia meyeniana Klotzsch

Synonyms: Balbisia meyeniana (Klotzsch) Steud.
Reference: Flora Peru: 641: 542; Knuth, R., 1912: 555; Xifreda, C., 1973: 227. 
Ecology: Native subshrub. Andean II-III: lomas, rocky slopes, shrublands. 1500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Meyen s.n.* (B), Weberbauer 7430 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Lima, Moquegua, Puno, Tacna.


$


 Balbisia peduncularis (Lindl.) D. Don



Balbisia peduncularis (Lindl.) D. Don

Synonyms: Balbisia peduncularis Hooker, Balbisia peduncularis Lindl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 641: 543; Knuth, R., 1912: 555; Ricardi, M., 1957: 21. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Guenther & Buchtien 1704 
Departments: Arequipa.


$


 Balbisia verticillata Cav.



Balbisia verticillata Cav.

Synonyms: Balbisia verticillata Desfontaines, Balbisia verticillata Meyen
Reference: Flora Peru: 641: 543; Knuth, R., 1912: 557; Xifreda, C., 1973: 227. 
Ecology: Native subshrub. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: N&eacute;e s.n.* (MA), Goodspeed et al. 33057 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Lima.


$


 Balbisia weberbaueri Knuth



Balbisia weberbaueri Knuth

Reference: Flora Peru: 641: 544; Knuth, R., 1912: 557; Xifreda, C., 1973: 227. 
Ecology: Native subshrub. Andean II-III: lomas, rocky slopes, riversides. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 1408* (G photo F!), Solomon  2806 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Lima.


$


 Balboa membranacea Planch. & Triana


Balboa membranacea Planch. & Triana = Chrysochlamys membranacea (Planch. & Triana) Planch. & Triana

$


 Ballota suaveolens L.


Ballota suaveolens L. = Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit.

Reference: FP 1287: 741; Epling, C., 1949: 261. 


$


 Baltimora geminata (Brandegee) Stuessy



Baltimora geminata (Brandegee) Stuessy

Synonyms: Baltimora geminata Brandegee
Reference: Stuessy, T. F., 1973: 42. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I, Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 5457 (F!, GH)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Tumbes.


$


 Baltimora recta L.



Baltimora recta L.

Reference: Stuessy, T. F., 1973: 35. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 18640 (F!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Bambusa guadua Humb. & Bonpl.


Bambusa guadua Humb. & Bonpl. = Guadua angustifolia Kunth

Reference: FP 719: 108; Young, S. M. & W. S. Judd, 1992: 762. 


$


 Bambusa oldhamii Munro



Bambusa oldhamii Munro

Reference: McClure, F. A., 1955: 56. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   Reported by McClure in Swallen (1955) to be "Frequent in Lima, Peru, as an ornamental..." 


$


 Bambusa parviflora (J. Presl) Schult. & Schult. f.


Bambusa parviflora (J. Presl) Schult. & Schult. f. = Aulonemia parviflora (J. Presl) McClure

Reference: FP 719: 108; McClure, F. A., 1973: 58. 


$


 Bambusa tessmannii (Pilg.) McClure


Bambusa tessmannii (Pilg.) McClure = Guadua superba J. Huber

Reference: Judziewicz, E. J., 1990[1991]: 242. 


$


 Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. ex H. Wendl.



Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. ex H. Wendl.

Reference: Pohl, R. W., 1980: 91. 
Ecology: Introduced tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ayala 1895 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Bambusa weberbaueri (Pilg.) McClure


Bambusa weberbaueri (Pilg.) McClure = Guadua weberbaueri Pilg.

$


 Banara amazonica Sleumer


Banara amazonica Sleumer = Banara arguta Briq.

Reference: FP 732: 25; Sleumer, H., 1980: 109. 


$


 Banara arguta Briq.



Banara arguta Briq.

Synonyms: Banara arguta Sleumer, Banara arguta Sleumer, Banara arguta Sleumer, Banara arguta Standl.
Reference: Sleumer, H., 1980: 109. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: riversides, terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Mexia 6387 (MO!)


$


 Banara axilliflora Sleumer



Banara axilliflora Sleumer

Reference: Sleumer, H., 1980: 87. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 2672 (F)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Ucayali.


$


 Banara glabrata Sleumer


Banara glabrata Sleumer = Banara arguta Briq.

Reference: FP 732: 25; Sleumer, H., 1980: 109. 


$


 Banara grandiflora Spruce ex Benth.


Banara grandiflora Spruce ex Benth. = Neosprucea grandiflora (Spruce ex Benth.) Sleumer

Reference: FP 732: 22; Sleumer, H., 1980: 80. 


$


 Banara guianensis Aubl.



Banara guianensis Aubl.

Synonyms: Banara guianensis (Poepp.) Eichler, Banara guianensis (Poepp.) Tul., Banara guianensis Briq., Banara guianensis J.F. Macbr., Banara guianensis Poepp., Banara guianensis Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 732: 25; Sleumer, H., 1980: 105. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests on white sand. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Klug 2680 (F)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Pasco, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Banara guianensis var. isadena Standl.


Banara guianensis var. isadena Standl. = Banara arguta Briq.

Reference: FP 732: 26; Sleumer, H., 1980: 109. 


$


 Banara guianensis var. mollis (Poepp.) Eichler


Banara guianensis var. mollis (Poepp.) Eichler = Banara guianensis Aubl.

Reference: FP 732: 27; Sleumer, H., 1980: 106. 


$


 Banara guianensis var. spruceana Briq.


Banara guianensis var. spruceana Briq. = Banara guianensis Aubl.

Reference: Sleumer, H., 1980: 106. 


$


 Banara incana (Ruiz & Pav.) Benth.


Banara incana (Ruiz & Pav.) Benth. = Pineda incana Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 732: 29; Sleumer, H., 1980: 114. 


$


 Banara incana var. jamesonii Benth.


Banara incana var. jamesonii Benth. = Pineda incana Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 732: 29; Sleumer, H., 1980: 114. 


$


 Banara laxiflora Benth.


Banara laxiflora Benth. = Hasseltia floribunda Kunth

Reference: FP 732: 26; Sleumer, H., 1980: 75. 


$


 Banara leucothyrsa (Sleumer) J.F. Macbr.


Banara leucothyrsa (Sleumer) J.F. Macbr. = Pleuranthodendron lindenii (Turcz.) Sleumer

Reference: FP 732: 27; Sleumer, H., 1980: 118. 


$


 Banara mollis (Poepp.) Tul.


Banara mollis (Poepp.) Tul. = Banara guianensis Aubl.

Reference: FP 732: 27; Sleumer, H., 1980: 105. 


$


 Banara nitida Spruce ex Benth.



Banara nitida Spruce ex Benth.

Reference: Flora Peru: 732: 28; Sleumer, H., 1980: 110. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: cloud forests, disturbed areas. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Spruce 4512* (F), Klug 3908 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Banara tessmannii Sleumer


Banara tessmannii Sleumer = Banara arguta Briq.

Reference: FP 732: 28; Sleumer, H., 1980: 109. 


$


 Banara tulasnei J.F. Macbr.


Banara tulasnei J.F. Macbr. = Banara guianensis Aubl.

Reference: FP 732: 27; Sleumer, H., 1980: 106. 


$


 Bancroftia xanthorrhiza (Bancr.) Billb.


Bancroftia xanthorrhiza (Bancr.) Billb. = Arracacia xanthorrhiza Bancr.

Reference: FP 1293: 18; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 45. 


$


 Banisteria acanthocarpa A. Juss.


Banisteria acanthocarpa A. Juss. = Banisteriopsis muricata (Cav.) Cuatrec.

Reference: FP 665: 832; Gates, B., 1982: 120. 


$


 Banisteria acanthocarpa var. glandulifera Nied.


Banisteria acanthocarpa var. glandulifera Nied. = Banisteriopsis muricata (Cav.) Cuatrec.

Reference: Gates, B., 1982: 121. 


$


 Banisteria antifebrilis Griseb.


Banisteria antifebrilis Griseb. = Callaeum antifebrile (Griseb.) D.M. Johnson

Reference: FP 665: 790; Johnson, D. M., 1986: 349. 


$


 Banisteria argentea (Kunth) Sprengel


Banisteria argentea (Kunth) Sprengel = Banisteriopsis muricata (Cav.) Cuatrec.

Reference: FP 665: 832; Gates, B., 1982: 120. 


$


 Banisteria argentea var. transiens Nied.


Banisteria argentea var. transiens Nied. = Banisteriopsis muricata (Cav.) Cuatrec.

Reference: FP 665: 833; Gates, B., 1982: 121. 


$


 Banisteria atrosanguinea A. Juss.


Banisteria atrosanguinea A. Juss. = Banisteriopsis muricata (Cav.) Cuatrec.

Reference: FP 665: 832; Gates, B., 1982: 121. 


$


 Banisteria atrosanguinea var. benthamiana (Adr. Jussieu) J.F. Macbr.


Banisteria atrosanguinea var. benthamiana (Adr. Jussieu) J.F. Macbr. = Banisteriopsis muricata (Cav.) Cuatrec.

Reference: FP 665: 832; Gates, B., 1982: 121. 


$


 Banisteria beecheyana (A. Juss.) C. Robinson ex Small


Banisteria beecheyana (A. Juss.) C. Robinson ex Small = Heteropterys brachiata (L.) Kunth

Reference: FP 665: 815; W. R. Anderson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Banisteria benthamiana A. Juss.


Banisteria benthamiana A. Juss. = Banisteriopsis muricata (Cav.) Cuatrec.

Reference: FP 665: 832; Gates, B., 1982: 121. 


$


 Banisteria brachiata L.


Banisteria brachiata L. = Heteropterys brachiata (L.) Kunth

Reference: Gates, B., 1982: 204; W. R. Anderson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Banisteria caapi Spruce ex Griseb.


Banisteria caapi Spruce ex Griseb. = Banisteriopsis caapi (Spruce ex Griseb.) Morton

Reference: FP 665: 824; Gates, B., 1982: 112. 


$


 Banisteria caduciflora Nied.


Banisteria caduciflora Nied. = Banisteriopsis caduciflora (Nied.) B. Gates

Reference: FP 665: 825; Gates, B., 1982: 198. 
Note: NN  


$


 Banisteria cinerascens var. glabrescens Nied.


Banisteria cinerascens var. glabrescens Nied. = Banisteriopsis wurdackii B. Gates

Reference: FP 665: 826; Gates, B., 1982: 52. 


$


 Banisteria constricta Griseb.


Banisteria constricta Griseb. = Banisteriopsis pubipetala (A. Juss.) Cuatrec.

Reference: FP 665: 837; Gates, B., 1982: 191. 


$


 Banisteria convolvulifolia Cav.


Banisteria convolvulifolia Cav. = Stigmaphyllon dichotomum (L.) Griseb.

Reference: FP 665: 842; C. Anderson, pers. comm.. 
Note: NN  


$


 Banisteria cordata Vell.


Banisteria cordata Vell. = Tetrapterys phlomoides (Sprengel) Nied.

Reference: FP 665: 808. 
Note: NN  


$


 Banisteria cornifolia (Kunth) Spreng.


Banisteria cornifolia (Kunth) Spreng. = Banisteriopsis cornifolia (H.B.K.) C. B. Robinson ex Small

Reference: FP 665: 826; Gates, B., 1982: 41, 54. 
Note: NN  


$


 Banisteria cornifolia var. seibertii J.F. Macbr.


Banisteria cornifolia var. seibertii J.F. Macbr. = Stigmaphyllon mathiasiae W.R. Anderson

Reference: FP 665: 826; Anderson, W. R., 1981: 3. 


$


 Banisteria cristata Griseb.


Banisteria cristata Griseb. = Banisteriopsis cristata (Grisebach) Cuatrec.

Reference: FP 665: 826; Gates, B., 1982: 171. 
Note: NN  


$


 Banisteria dichotoma L.


Banisteria dichotoma L. = Stigmaphyllon dichotomum (L.) Griseb.

Reference: FP 665: 842; C. Anderson, pers. comm.. 
Note: NN  


$


 Banisteria elegans Triana & Planch.


Banisteria elegans Triana & Planch. = Banisteriopsis elegans (Triana & Planchon) Sandwith

Reference: FP 665: 831; Gates, B., 1982: 137. 


$


 Banisteria elliptica Kunth


Banisteria elliptica Kunth = Stigmaphyllon ellipticum (Kunth) A. Juss.

Reference: FP 665: 843; Cuatrecasas, J., 1958: 530. 


$


 Banisteria emarginata Cav.


Banisteria emarginata Cav. = Stigmaphyllon emarginatum (Cav.) A. Juss.

Reference: Gates, B., 1982: 205. 
Note: NN  


$


 Banisteria erianthera A. Juss.


Banisteria erianthera A. Juss. = Banisteriopsis erianthera (A. Juss.) B. Gates

Reference: Gates, B., 1982: 197. 


$


 Banisteria fagifolia DC.


Banisteria fagifolia DC. = Hiraea fagifolia (DC.) A. Juss.

Reference: FP 665: 796; Cuatrecasas, J., 1958: 405. 


$


 Banisteria fulgens Lam.


Banisteria fulgens Lam. = Stigmaphyllon emarginatum (Cav.) A. Juss.

Reference: FP 665: 844; W. R. Anderson, pers. comm.. 
Note: NN  


$


 Banisteria heterostyla A. Juss.



Banisteria heterostyla A. Juss.

Reference: Flora Peru: 665: 827; Gates, B., 1982: 167. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   The specimen cited in the Flora of Peru was redetermined by Gates (1982) as Banisteriopsis woytkowskii. 


$


 Banisteria humboldtiana DC.


Banisteria humboldtiana DC. = Stigmaphyllon dichotomum (L.) Griseb.

Reference: C. Anderson, pers. comm.. 
Note: NN  


$


 Banisteria inebrians Morton sensu J. F. Macbride


Banisteria inebrians Morton sensu J. F. Macbride = Banisteriopsis caapi (Spruce ex Griseb.) Morton

Reference: FP 665: 828; Gates, B., 1982: 112. 


$


 Banisteria laevifolia A. Juss.


Banisteria laevifolia A. Juss. = Banisteriopsis laevifolia (A. Juss.) B. Gates

Reference: FP 665: 829; Gates, B., 1982: 57. 
Note: NN  


$


 Banisteria laevifolia var.grata (Grisebach) Nied.



Banisteria laevifolia var. grata (Grisebach) Nied.

Reference: Flora Peru: 665: 829; Gates, B., 1982: 57. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   The specimen cited under this name in the Flora of Peru, Ule 6350, was redetermined as Banisteriopsis nummifera by Gates (1982: 147).  


$


 Banisteria laurifolia L.


Banisteria laurifolia L. = Heteropterys laurifolia (L.) A. Juss.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1958: 478. 


$


 Banisteria leiocarpa A. Juss.


Banisteria leiocarpa A. Juss. = Banisteriopsis leiocarpa (A. Juss.) B. Gates

Reference: FP 665: 829; Gates, B., 1982: 172. 


$


 Banisteria leiocarpa var. parvifolia Nied.


Banisteria leiocarpa var. parvifolia Nied. = Banisteriopsis parvifolia (Nied.) B. Gates

Reference: FP 665: 830; Gates, B., 1982: 174. 


$


 Banisteria leptocarpa Benth.



Banisteria leptocarpa Benth.

Reference: Flora Peru: 665: 830; Gates, B., 1982: 130. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Specimens cited in the Flora of Peru under this species were redetermined by Gates (Gates, 1982) as Banisteriopsis polygama (Klug 3329) and Banisteriopsis martiniana var. subenervia (the remaining voucher). 


$


 Banisteria longialata Nied.


Banisteria longialata Nied. = Banisteriopsis longialata (Nied.) B. Gates

Reference: FP 665: 831; Gates, B., 1982: 195. 


$


 Banisteria lucida Richard


Banisteria lucida Richard = Banisteriopsis lucida (Richard) Small

Reference: FP 665: 832; Gates, B., 1982: 177. 


$


 Banisteria lupuloides L.


Banisteria lupuloides L. = Gouania lupuloides (L.) Urb.

Reference: FP 1299: 406; Gates, B., 1982: 206. 


$


 Banisteria lutea Griseb.


Banisteria lutea Griseb. = Banisteriopsis lutea (Griseb.) Cuatrec.

Reference: FP 665: 826; Gates, B., 1982: 168. 


$


 Banisteria macradena DC.


Banisteria macradena DC. = Heteropterys macradena (DC.) W.R. Anderson

Reference: Anderson, W. R., 1981: 202. 
Note: NN  


$


 Banisteria martiniana A. Juss.


Banisteria martiniana A. Juss. = Banisteriopsis martiniana var. martiniana 

Reference: Gates, B., 1982: 130. 
Note: NN  


$


 Banisteria megacarpos Vell.


Banisteria megacarpos Vell. = Stigmaphyllon megacarpon (Vell. Conc.) Griseb.

Reference: FP 665: 846. 
Note: NN  


$


 Banisteria metallicolor A. Juss.


Banisteria metallicolor A. Juss. = Banisteriopsis muricata (Cav.) Cuatrec.

Reference: FP 665: 832; Gates, B., 1982: 120. 


$


 Banisteria metallicolor var. aurea Nied.


Banisteria metallicolor var. aurea Nied. = Banisteriopsis muricata (Cav.) Cuatrec.

Reference: FP 665: 833; Gates, B., 1982: 121. 


$


 Banisteria muricata Cav.


Banisteria muricata Cav. = Banisteriopsis muricata (Cav.) Cuatrec.

Reference: FP 665: 832; Gates, B., 1982: 120. 


$


 Banisteria muricata var. atrosanguinea (Adr. Jussieu) J.F. Macbr.


Banisteria muricata var. atrosanguinea (Adr. Jussieu) J.F. Macbr. = Banisteriopsis muricata (Cav.) Cuatrec.

Reference: FP 665: 833; Gates, B., 1982: 121. 


$


 Banisteria nervosa (Adr. Jussieu) R.O. Williams


Banisteria nervosa (Adr. Jussieu) R.O. Williams = Heteropterys nervosa A. Juss.

Reference: FP 665: 818; Gates, B., 1982: 206. 


$


 Banisteria nervosa var. candolleana (A. Juss.) Nied. ex R.O. Williams


Banisteria nervosa var. candolleana (A. Juss.) Nied. ex R.O. Williams = Heteropterys macradena (DC.) W.R. Anderson

Reference: FP 665: 818; W. R. Anderson, pers. comm.. 
Note: NN  


$


 Banisteria nervosa var. lessertiana (A. Juss.) Griseb. ex R.O. Williams


Banisteria nervosa var. lessertiana (A. Juss.) Griseb. ex R.O. Williams = Heteropterys macradena (DC.) W.R. Anderson

Reference: FP 665: 818; W. R. Anderson, pers. comm.. 
Note: NN  


$


 Banisteria nigrescens A. Juss.


Banisteria nigrescens A. Juss. = Banisteriopsis nigrescens (A. Juss.) B. Gates

Reference: FP 665: 834; Gates, B., 1982: 183. 
Note: NN  


$


 Banisteria nitrosiodora Griseb.


Banisteria nitrosiodora Griseb. = Banisteriopsis lutea (Griseb.) Cuatrec.

Reference: FP 665: 827; Gates, B., 1982: 168. 


$


 Banisteria nummifera A. Juss.


Banisteria nummifera A. Juss. = Banisteriopsis nummifera (A. Juss.) B. Gates

Reference: Gates, B., 1982: 147. 


$


 Banisteria nutans Nied.


Banisteria nutans Nied. = Banisteriopsis nutans (Nied.) B. Gates

Reference: FP 665: 834; Gates, B., 1982: 179. 


$


 Banisteria orinocensis Kunth


Banisteria orinocensis Kunth = Heteropterys orinocensis (Kunth) A. Juss.

Reference: FP 665: 818; Anderson, W. R., 1981: 200. 


$


 Banisteria oxyclada A. Juss.


Banisteria oxyclada A. Juss. = Banisteriopsis oxyclada (A. Juss.) B. Gates

Reference: FP 665: 835; Gates, B., 1982: 126. 
Note: NN  


$


 Banisteria padifolia Poepp. ex Nied.


Banisteria padifolia Poepp. ex Nied. = Banisteriopsis padifolia (Poepp. ex Nied.) B. Gates

Reference: FP 665: 836; Gates, B., 1982: 136. 


$


 Banisteria peruviana Nied.


Banisteria peruviana Nied. = Banisteriopsis peruviana (Nied.) B. Gates

Reference: FP 665: 836; Gates, B., 1982: 180. 


$


 Banisteria platyptera fo. grandifolia Nied.


Banisteria platyptera fo. grandifolia Nied. = Banisteriopsis erianthera (A. Juss.) B. Gates

Reference: FP 665: 837; Gates, B., 1982: 197. 


$


 Banisteria platyptera Griseb.


Banisteria platyptera Griseb. = Banisteriopsis platyptera (Grisebach) Cuatrec.

Reference: FP 665: 837; Gates, B., 1982: 194. 
Note: NN  


$


 Banisteria polygama Nied.


Banisteria polygama Nied. = Banisteriopsis polygama (Nied.) B. Gates

Reference: Gates, B., 1982: 136. 


$


 Banisteria populifolia Nied.


Banisteria populifolia Nied. = Banisteriopsis populifolia (Nied.) B. Gates

Reference: FP 665: 830; Gates, B., 1982: 175. 


$


 Banisteria praecox Griseb.


Banisteria praecox Griseb. = Banisteriopsis lutea (Griseb.) Cuatrec.

Reference: FP 665: 827; Gates, B., 1982: 168. 


$


 Banisteria pubera Richard


Banisteria pubera Richard = Stigmaphyllon puberum (Richard) A. Juss.

Reference: FP 665: 847; Anderson, W. R., 1981: 172. 


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 Banisteria pubipetala A. Juss.


Banisteria pubipetala A. Juss. = Banisteriopsis pubipetala (A. Juss.) Cuatrec.

Reference: FP 665: 837; Gates, B., 1982: 191. 


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 Banisteria pubipetala var. constricta (Grisebach) J.F. Macbr.


Banisteria pubipetala var. constricta (Grisebach) J.F. Macbr. = Banisteriopsis pubipetala (A. Juss.) Cuatrec.

Reference: FP 665: 837; Gates, B., 1982: 191. 


$


 Banisteria quitensis Nied.


Banisteria quitensis Nied. = Banisteriopsis caapi (Spruce ex Griseb.) Morton

Reference: FP 665: 838; Gates, B., 1982: 112. 


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 Banisteria sinemariensis Aubl.


Banisteria sinemariensis Aubl. = Mascagnia sinemariensis (Aubl.) Griseb.

Reference: Anderson, W. R., 1988: 621. 


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 Banisteria sinuata DC.


Banisteria sinuata DC. = Stigmaphyllon sinuatum (DC.) A. Juss.

$


 Banisteria suberosa var. candolleana (Adr. Jussieu) Morton


Banisteria suberosa var. candolleana (Adr. Jussieu) Morton = Heteropterys macradena (DC.) W.R. Anderson

Reference: FP 665: 818; W. R. Anderson, pers. comm.. 
Note: NN  


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 Banisteria tiliifolia Kunth


Banisteria tiliifolia Kunth = Stigmaphyllon dichotomum (L.) Griseb.

Reference: FP 665: 849; Cuatrecasas, J., 1958: 542; C. Anderson, pers. comm.. 
Note: non Ventenat, NN  


$


 Banisteria tomentosa Schltdl.


Banisteria tomentosa Schltdl. = Heteropterys brachiata (L.) Kunth

Reference: FP 665: 815; W. R. Anderson, pers. comm.. 


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 Banisteriopsis argentea (Kunth) C. Robinson ex Small


Banisteriopsis argentea (Kunth) C. Robinson ex Small = Banisteriopsis muricata (Cav.) Cuatrec.

Reference: FP 665: 832; Gates, B., 1982: 121. 


$


 Banisteriopsis caapi (Spruce ex Griseb.) Morton



Banisteriopsis caapi (Spruce ex Griseb.) Morton

Synonyms: Banisteriopsis caapi (Nied.) Morton, Banisteriopsis caapi Morton, Banisteriopsis caapi Morton sensu J. F. Macbride, Banisteriopsis caapi Nied., Banisteriopsis caapi Spruce ex Griseb.
Reference: Flora Peru: 665: 824; Gates, B., 1982: 112. 
Ecology: Cultivated liana. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 27385 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Banisteriopsis cabrerana Cuatrec.


Banisteriopsis cabrerana Cuatrec. = Diplopterys cabrerana (Cuatrec.) B. Gates

Reference: Gates, B., 1982: 211. 


$


 Banisteriopsis caduciflora (Nied.) B. Gates



Banisteriopsis caduciflora (Nied.) B. Gates

Synonyms: Banisteriopsis caduciflora Nied.
Reference: Gates, B., 1982: 198. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 2474* (F), Killip & Smith 26082 (US)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Loreto.


$


 Banisteriopsis cornifolia (H.B.K.) C. B. Robinson ex Small



Banisteriopsis cornifolia (H.B.K.) C. B. Robinson ex Small

Synonyms: Banisteriopsis cornifolia (Kunth) Spreng., Banisteriopsis cornifolia Kunth
Reference: Gates, B., 1982: 41. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


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 Banisteriopsis cristata (Grisebach) Cuatrec.



Banisteriopsis cristata (Grisebach) Cuatrec.

Synonyms: Banisteriopsis cristata Griseb.
Reference: Flora Peru: 665: 826; Gates, B., 1982: 171. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Banisteriopsis elegans (Triana & Planchon) Sandwith



Banisteriopsis elegans (Triana & Planchon) Sandwith

Synonyms: Banisteriopsis elegans Triana & Planch.
Reference: Gates, B., 1982: 134. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests on white sand, terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Knapp & Mallet 6895 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Banisteriopsis erianthera (A. Juss.) B. Gates



Banisteriopsis erianthera (A. Juss.) B. Gates

Synonyms: Banisteriopsis erianthera A. Juss., Banisteriopsis erianthera Nied.
Reference: Gates, B., 1982: 197. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: The type locality, San Antonio de Cumbasa, is located in Depto. San Mart&iacute;n, not Loreto as indicated by Gates (1982). 
Voucher: Ule 6705* (G)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Banisteriopsis heterostyla (A. Juss.) Cuatrec.



Banisteriopsis heterostyla (A. Juss.) Cuatrec.

Synonyms: Banisteriopsis heterostyla A. Juss.
Reference: Flora Peru: 665: 827; Gates, B., 1982: 167. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


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 Banisteriopsis inebrians Morton


Banisteriopsis inebrians Morton = Banisteriopsis caapi (Spruce ex Griseb.) Morton

Reference: FP 665: 828; Gates, B., 1982: 112. 


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 Banisteriopsis laevifolia (A. Juss.) B. Gates



Banisteriopsis laevifolia (A. Juss.) B. Gates

Synonyms: Banisteriopsis laevifolia (Grisebach) Nied., Banisteriopsis laevifolia A. Juss.
Reference: Gates, B., 1982: 57. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


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 Banisteriopsis leiocarpa (A. Juss.) B. Gates



Banisteriopsis leiocarpa (A. Juss.) B. Gates

Synonyms: Banisteriopsis leiocarpa A. Juss.
Reference: Gates, B., 1982: 172. 
Ecology: Endemic liana, shrub, vine. Andean II: forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 2126* (P), Ferreyra 7133 (F)
Departments: Amazonas.


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 Banisteriopsis longialata (Nied.) B. Gates



Banisteriopsis longialata (Nied.) B. Gates

Synonyms: Banisteriopsis longialata Nied.
Reference: Gates, B., 1982: 195. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: terra firme forests. 0-1500 m. 
Note: The type locality is in present-day Depto. Pasco. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (B destroyed, F), V&aacute;squez et al. 7770 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Pasco.


$


 Banisteriopsis lucida (Richard) Small



Banisteriopsis lucida (Richard) Small

Synonyms: Banisteriopsis lucida Richard
Reference: Flora Peru: 665: 832; Gates, B., 1982: 177. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests, seasonally inundated areas, terra firme forests. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: D&iacute;az et al. 194 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Banisteriopsis lutea (Griseb.) Cuatrec.



Banisteriopsis lutea (Griseb.) Cuatrec.

Synonyms: Banisteriopsis lutea Griseb., Banisteriopsis lutea Griseb., Banisteriopsis lutea Griseb.
Reference: Gates, B., 1982: 168. 
Ecology: Native shrub, subshrub, vine. Andean I, Coastal: disturbed areas, forests, riversides. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Woytkowski 6499 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Piura, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Banisteriopsis martiniana (Adr. Jussieu) Cuatrec.



Banisteriopsis martiniana (Adr. Jussieu) Cuatrec.

$


 Banisteriopsis martiniana var.martiniana



Banisteriopsis martiniana var. martiniana 

Synonyms: Banisteriopsis martiniana martiniana A. Juss., Banisteriopsis martiniana martiniana Benth.
Reference: Gates, B., 1982: 130. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


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 Banisteriopsis martiniana var.subnervia Cuatrec.



Banisteriopsis martiniana var. subnervia Cuatrec.

Reference: Gates, B., 1982: 132. 
Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian: forests, riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Revilla 893 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Banisteriopsis metallicolor (Adr. Jussieu) O'Donell & Lourteig


Banisteriopsis metallicolor (Adr. Jussieu) O'Donell & Lourteig = Banisteriopsis muricata (Cav.) Cuatrec.

Reference: FP 665: 832; Gates, B., 1982: 121. 


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 Banisteriopsis muricata (Cav.) Cuatrec.



Banisteriopsis muricata (Cav.) Cuatrec.

Synonyms: Banisteriopsis muricata (Adr. Jussieu) J.F. Macbr., Banisteriopsis muricata (Adr. Jussieu) J.F. Macbr., Banisteriopsis muricata (Adr. Jussieu) O'Donell & Lourteig, Banisteriopsis muricata (Kunth) C. Robinson ex Small, Banisteriopsis muricata (Kunth) Sprengel, Banisteriopsis muricata A. Juss., Banisteriopsis muricata A. Juss., Banisteriopsis muricata A. Juss., Banisteriopsis muricata A. Juss., Banisteriopsis muricata Cav., Banisteriopsis muricata Kunth, Banisteriopsis muricata Nied., Banisteriopsis muricata Nied., Banisteriopsis muricata Nied.
Reference: Gates, B., 1982: 120. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, rocky slopes, shrublands. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Jussieu s.n.* (P-JU), Smith 4053 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Banisteriopsis nigrescens (A. Juss.) B. Gates



Banisteriopsis nigrescens (A. Juss.) B. Gates

Synonyms: Banisteriopsis nigrescens A. Juss.
Reference: Gates, B., 1982: 183. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


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 Banisteriopsis nummifera (A. Juss.) B. Gates



Banisteriopsis nummifera (A. Juss.) B. Gates

Synonyms: Banisteriopsis nummifera A. Juss.
Reference: Gates, B., 1982: 147. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: The cited voucher was listed under Banisteria laevifolia in the Flora of Peru. 
Voucher: Ule 6350 (G)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Banisteriopsis nutans (Nied.) B. Gates



Banisteriopsis nutans (Nied.) B. Gates

Synonyms: Banisteriopsis nutans Nied.
Reference: Flora Peru: 665: 834; Gates, B., 1982: 179. 
Ecology: Native liana. Andean II: forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 1497* (W), Schunke 9420 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco.


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 Banisteriopsis oxyclada (A. Juss.) B. Gates



Banisteriopsis oxyclada (A. Juss.) B. Gates

Synonyms: Banisteriopsis oxyclada A. Juss.
Reference: Flora Peru: 665: 835; Gates, B., 1982: 126. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Listed under Banisteria oxyclada in the Flora of Peru with its inclusion there based on the cited collection by Haenke supposedly from Hu&aacute;nuco; no Peruvian record cited by Gates (1982) for this taxon. 


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 Banisteriopsis padifolia (Poepp. ex Nied.) B. Gates



Banisteriopsis padifolia (Poepp. ex Nied.) B. Gates

Synonyms: Banisteriopsis padifolia Poepp. ex Nied.
Reference: Gates, B., 1982: 137. 
Ecology. 1000-2000 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 1288* (F), Vargas 4571 (F)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco.


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 Banisteriopsis parvifolia (Nied.) B. Gates



Banisteriopsis parvifolia (Nied.) B. Gates

Synonyms: Banisteriopsis parvifolia Nied.
Reference: Gates, B., 1982: 174. 
Ecology: Endemic liana, shrub, vine. Andean II: disturbed areas, dry valleys, shrublands. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6063* (US), Smith & V&aacute;squez 3420 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Huancavelica, Piura.


$


 Banisteriopsis peruviana (Nied.) B. Gates



Banisteriopsis peruviana (Nied.) B. Gates

Synonyms: Banisteriopsis peruviana Nied.
Reference: Gates, B., 1982: 180. 
Ecology: Endemic liana. Andean II: forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   The second collection cited in the Flora of Peru, Tessmann 3106, was redetermined as Stigmaphyllon mathiasiae by W. R. Anderson (1981b: 4). 
Voucher: Jelski 343* (US)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Banisteriopsis platyptera (Grisebach) Cuatrec.



Banisteriopsis platyptera (Grisebach) Cuatrec.

Synonyms: Banisteriopsis platyptera Griseb.
Reference: Gates, B., 1982: 194. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


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 Banisteriopsis polygama (Nied.) B. Gates



Banisteriopsis polygama (Nied.) B. Gates

Synonyms: Banisteriopsis polygama Nied.
Reference: Gates, B., 1982: 136. 
Ecology: Native liana, vine. Andean I-II: forests, rocky slopes, shrublands. 1000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 3329 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Banisteriopsis populifolia (Nied.) B. Gates



Banisteriopsis populifolia (Nied.) B. Gates

Synonyms: Banisteriopsis populifolia Nied.
Reference: Gates, B., 1982: 175. 
Ecology: Endemic liana, shrub, vine. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, dry valleys, rocky slopes. 500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4794* (G), Dillon & Turner 1702 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca.


$


 Banisteriopsis prancei B. Gates



Banisteriopsis prancei B. Gates

Reference: Gates, B., 1982: 116. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: N&uacute;&ntilde;ez 6007 (MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios.


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 Banisteriopsis pubipetala (A. Juss.) Cuatrec.



Banisteriopsis pubipetala (A. Juss.) Cuatrec.

Synonyms: Banisteriopsis pubipetala (Grisebach) J.F. Macbr., Banisteriopsis pubipetala A. Juss., Banisteriopsis pubipetala Griseb.
Reference: Gates, B., 1982: 191. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub, vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: riversides. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 7259 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Banisteriopsis quitensis (Nied.) Morton


Banisteriopsis quitensis (Nied.) Morton = Banisteriopsis caapi (Spruce ex Griseb.) Morton

Reference: FP 665: 838; Gates, B., 1982: 112. 


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 Banisteriopsis schunkei B. Gates



Banisteriopsis schunkei B. Gates

Reference: Gates, B., 1982: 198. 
Ecology: Endemic liana. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Schunke 4635* (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Banisteriopsis velutinissima B. Gates



Banisteriopsis velutinissima B. Gates

Reference: Gates, B., 1982: 133. 
Ecology: Endemic liana, vine. Amazonian: disturbed areas, terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Revilla 650* (MICH), Ayala 601 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Banisteriopsis woytkowskii B. Gates



Banisteriopsis woytkowskii B. Gates

Reference: Gates, B., 1982: 181. 
Ecology: Endemic liana. Amazonian, Andean I: terra firme forests. 0-1500 m. 
Note: One of the collections cited by Gates (1982), Schunke 306, was cited under Banisteria heterostyla in the Flora of Peru. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 7328* (MO!), D&iacute;az et al. 788 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Banisteriopsis wurdackii B. Gates



Banisteriopsis wurdackii B. Gates

Synonyms: Banisteriopsis wurdackii Nied.
Reference: Gates, B., 1982: 52. 
Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian: disturbed areas, riversides, terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Huashikat 1011 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Barbacenia vargasiana L.B. Sm.


Barbacenia vargasiana L.B. Sm. = Barbaceniopsis vargasiana (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm.

Reference: Smith, L. B. & E. S. Ayensu, 1976: 38. 


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 Barbaceniopsis vargasiana (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm.



Barbaceniopsis vargasiana (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm.

Synonyms: Barbaceniopsis vargasiana (L.B. Sm.) Menezes, Barbaceniopsis vargasiana L.B. Sm.
Reference: Smith, L. B. & E. S. Ayensu, 1976: 38. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: dry valleys, rocky slopes. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 4883* (GH), Ch&aacute;vez 3235 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cuzco.


$


 Barberina spruceana Miers


Barberina spruceana Miers = Symplocos spruceana (Miers) Guerke

Reference: FP 1338: 224. 


$


 Barbieria maynensis Poepp.


Barbieria maynensis Poepp. = Barbieria pinnata (Pers.) Baill.

Reference: FP 21: 381; White, P. S., 1981: 553. 


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 Barbieria pinnata (Pers.) Baill.



Barbieria pinnata (Pers.) Baill.

Synonyms: Barbieria pinnata (Poir.) DC., Barbieria pinnata Pers., Barbieria pinnata Poepp., Barbieria pinnata Poir.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 381; White, P. S., 1981: 553. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests on white sand, riversides. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 8186 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Barbieria polyphylla (Poir.) DC.


Barbieria polyphylla (Poir.) DC. = Barbieria pinnata (Pers.) Baill.

Reference: FP 21: 381; White, P. S., 1981: 553. 


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 Barbosella cucullata (Lindl.) Schltr.



Barbosella cucullata (Lindl.) Schltr.

Synonyms: Barbosella cucullata (Kraenzl.) Schltr., Barbosella cucullata (Rchb. f. & Warsc.) Schltr., Barbosella cucullata (Rchb. f. & Warsz.) L.O. Williams, Barbosella cucullata C. Schweinf., Barbosella cucullata Kraenzl., Barbosella cucullata Lindl., Barbosella cucullata Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1467: 330; 1510: 32; Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 8; Luer, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I-II: forests. 1000-2000 m. 
Voucher: Dudley 10491 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Pasco.


$


 Barbosella longiflora (Kraenzl.) Schltr.


Barbosella longiflora (Kraenzl.) Schltr. = Barbosella cucullata (Lindl.) Schltr.

Reference: FP 1438: 237; Luer, pers. comm.. 


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 Barbosella prorepens (Rchb. f.) Schltr.



Barbosella prorepens (Rchb. f.) Schltr.

Synonyms: Barbosella prorepens Lehmann & Kraenzlin, Barbosella prorepens Rchb. f.
Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 9. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean II: cloud forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: D&iacute;az & Bennett 2926 (MO!)
Departments: Pasco.


$


 Barbosella rhynchantha (Rchb. f. & Warsc.) Schltr.


Barbosella rhynchantha (Rchb. f. & Warsc.) Schltr. = Barbosella cucullata (Lindl.) Schltr.

Reference: FP 1467: 330; Luer, pers. comm.. 


$


 Bargemontia aplocaryoides (Gaudichaud) I.M. Johnst.


Bargemontia aplocaryoides (Gaudichaud) I.M. Johnst. = Nolana aplocaryoides (Gaudichaud) I.M. Johnst.

Reference: Mesa, A., 1981: 107. 


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 Bargemontia confinis I.M. Johnst.


Bargemontia confinis I.M. Johnst. = Nolana confinis (I.M. Johnst.) I.M. Johnst.

Reference: FP 1288: 839; Mesa, A., 1981: 103. 


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 Bargemontia gracillima I.M. Johnst.


Bargemontia gracillima I.M. Johnst. = Nolana gracillima (I.M. Johnst.) I.M. Johnst.

Reference: FP 1288: 840; Mesa, A., 1981: 103. 


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 Bargemontia peruviana Gaudichaud


Bargemontia peruviana Gaudichaud = Nolana peruviana (Gaudichaud) I.M. Johnst.

Reference: Johnston, I. M., 1936: 66. 
Note: NN  


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 Bargemontia platyphylla I.M. Johnst.


Bargemontia platyphylla I.M. Johnst. = Nolana platyphylla (I.M. Johnst.) I.M. Johnst.

Reference: FP 1288: 849; Mesa, A., 1981: 108. 


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 Barleria cristata L.



Barleria cristata L.

Reference: Leonard, E. C., 1951: 110. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb. Andean I: disturbed areas. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Vargas & Fern&aacute;ndez 91 (US!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Barleria pyramidata Lam.


Barleria pyramidata Lam. = Blechum pyramidatum (Lam.) Urb.

Reference: Durkee, L. H., 1986: 32. 


$


 Barnadesia berberoides Sch. Bip.



Barnadesia berberoides Sch. Bip.

Synonyms: Barnadesia berberoides Kuntze, Barnadesia berberoides Muschl.


$


 Barnadesia blakeana Ferreyra



Barnadesia blakeana Ferreyra

Reference: Ferreyra, R., 1964: 14. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: shrublands. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Ferreyra 10427 (MO!)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Barnadesia caryophylla (Vell.) S.F. Blake



Barnadesia caryophylla (Vell.) S.F. Blake

Synonyms: Barnadesia caryophylla Vell.
Reference: Harling, G., 1991: 6. 
Ecology: Cultivated shrub. Andean I: shrublands. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 3696 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, Lima, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Barnadesia chachapoyasensis Chung


Barnadesia chachapoyasensis Chung = Barnadesia wurdackii Ferreyra

Reference: , : 17. 


$


 Barnadesia coccinosantha Muschl.


Barnadesia coccinosantha Muschl. = Arnaldoa coccinosantha (Muschl.) Ferreyra

Reference: Ferreyra, R., 1965: 4. 


$


 Barnadesia corymbosa (Ruiz & Pav.) D. Don



Barnadesia corymbosa (Ruiz & Pav.) D. Don

Synonyms: Barnadesia corymbosa Ruiz & Pav., Barnadesia corymbosa Rusby


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 Barnadesia dombeyana Less.



Barnadesia dombeyana Less.

Synonyms: Barnadesia dombeyana (Ruiz & Pav.) D. Don, Barnadesia dombeyana D. Don, Barnadesia dombeyana Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Cabrera, A. L., 1960: 209. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III: rocky slopes, shrublands. 2000-4500 m. 
Note: For alternative treatment, see Chung (1965: 57). 
Voucher: Dombey 448* (P photo F!), Macbride & Featherstone 1222 (F)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, La Libertad, Lima, Pasco.


$


 Barnadesia glomerata Kuntze



Barnadesia glomerata Kuntze

$


 Barnadesia glomerata var. distincta Chung


Barnadesia glomerata var. distincta Chung = Barnadesia macbridei Ferreyra

Reference: Chung, In-Cho, 1965: 36. 


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 Barnadesia horrida Muschl.



Barnadesia horrida Muschl.

Synonyms: Barnadesia horrida Muschl.
Reference: Muschler, R., 1914: 100; Chung, In-Cho, 1965: 29. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III: shrublands. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4859* (USM), Herrera 1544 (US!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huancavelica.


$


 Barnadesia hutchisoniana Ferreyra



Barnadesia hutchisoniana Ferreyra

Reference: Ferreyra, R., 1964: 30. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I-II: shrublands. 1000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 15201* (US!), Gentry et al. 23188 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Piura.


$


 Barnadesia jelskii Hieron.



Barnadesia jelskii Hieron.

Reference: Harling, G., 1991: 13. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III: rocky slopes, shrublands. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Jelski 748* (B photo F!), Dillon & Turner 1637 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, La Libertad, Piura.


$


 Barnadesia lanceolata D. Don


Barnadesia lanceolata D. Don = Barnadesia dombeyana Less.

Reference: Cabrera, A. L., 1960: 209. 


$


 Barnadesia laurifolia (Humb. & Bonpl.) Kuntze


Barnadesia laurifolia (Humb. & Bonpl.) Kuntze = Fulcaldea laurifolia (Humb. & Bonpl.) Poir. ex Less.

Reference: Harling, G., 1991: 20. 


$


 Barnadesia lehmannii Hieron.



Barnadesia lehmannii Hieron.

Synonyms: Barnadesia lehmannii Chung
Reference: Harling, G., 1991: 8. 
Ecology. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 6684 (UC)
Departments: Lambayeque, Piura, Tumbes.


$


 Barnadesia lehmannii var. angustifolia Chung


Barnadesia lehmannii var. angustifolia Chung = Barnadesia lehmannii Hieron.

Reference: Chung, In-Cho, 1965: 50. 


$


 Barnadesia macbridei Ferreyra



Barnadesia macbridei Ferreyra

Synonyms: Barnadesia macbridei Chung
Reference: Ferreyra, R., 1964: 23. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 3878* (F), Woytkowski 34335 (F!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima.


$


 Barnadesia macrocephala Kuntze


Barnadesia macrocephala Kuntze = Barnadesia berberoides Sch. Bip.

Reference: Chung, In-Cho, 1965: 32. 


$


 Barnadesia polyacantha Wedd.



Barnadesia polyacantha Wedd.

Reference: Harling, G., 1991: 12. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: cloud forests, shrublands. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 440 (F!, USM)
Departments: Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Puno.


$


 Barnadesia pycnophylla Muschl.


Barnadesia pycnophylla Muschl. = Barnadesia berberoides Sch. Bip.

Reference: Muschler, R., 1914: 101. 


$


 Barnadesia reticulata D. Don



Barnadesia reticulata D. Don

Reference: Chung, In-Cho, 1965: 56. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: rocky slopes, shrublands. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n sn. * (BM), Ferreyra 6914 (USM)
Departments: Ica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima.


$


 Barnadesia venosa Rusby


Barnadesia venosa Rusby = Barnadesia corymbosa (Ruiz & Pav.) D. Don

Reference: Chung, In-Cho, 1965: 51. 


$


 Barnadesia weberbaueri Muschl.


Barnadesia weberbaueri Muschl. = Arnaldoa weberbaueri (Muschl.) Ferreyra

Reference: Ferreyra, R., 1965: 2. 


$


 Barnadesia wurdackii Ferreyra



Barnadesia wurdackii Ferreyra

Synonyms: Barnadesia wurdackii Chung
Reference: Ferreyra, R., 1964: 16. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: shrublands. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Wurdack 681* (MO!), Hutchison & Wright 5596 (UC)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Bartlettina macromeris (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Bartlettina macromeris (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Bartlettina macromeris B. Robinson
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 406. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I-II: rocky slopes. 500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Pavon s.n.* (G), Macbride 3785 (F!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto.


$


 Bartramia indica L.


Bartramia indica L. = Triumfetta rhomboidea Jacq.

Reference: FP 1301: 420. 


$


 Bartsia adenophylla Molau



Bartsia adenophylla Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1990: 63. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: dry valleys, rocky slopes. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Molau et al. 1725* (CPUN, GB), Hutchison & Wright 5268 (F, USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, La Libertad, Pasco.


$


 Bartsia altissima Rusby


Bartsia altissima Rusby = Bartsia inaequalis subsp. brachyantha (Diels) Molau

Reference: FP 1361: 490; Molau, U., 1990: 55. 


$


 Bartsia anomala Edwin


Bartsia anomala Edwin = Bartsia thiantha Diels

Reference: FP 1361: 491; Molau, U., 1990: 75. 


$


 Bartsia aprica Diels



Bartsia aprica Diels

Reference: Molau, U., 1990: 87. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: grasslands. 3000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison 640* (US, USM!), Hutchison et al. 5896 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco.


$


 Bartsia aurea Edwin nom. nud.


Bartsia aurea Edwin nom. nud. = Bartsia thiantha Diels

Reference: FP 1361: 492; Molau, U., 1990: 75. 


$


 Bartsia bartsioides (Hooker) Edwin



Bartsia bartsioides (Hooker) Edwin

Synonyms: Bartsia bartsioides Benth., nom. superfl., Bartsia bartsioides Diels, Bartsia bartsioides Hooker
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 492; Molau, U., 1990: 64. 
Ecology. 2000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Smith 11393 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Puno.


$


 Bartsia biloba Wedd.


Bartsia biloba Wedd. = Bartsia pedicularoides Benth.

Reference: FP 1361: 494; Molau, U., 1990: 49. 


$


 Bartsia brachyantha Diels


Bartsia brachyantha Diels = Bartsia inaequalis subsp. brachyantha (Diels) Molau

Reference: FP 1361: 494; Molau, U., 1990: 55. 


$


 Bartsia calycina Diels


Bartsia calycina Diels = Bartsia bartsioides (Hooker) Edwin

Reference: FP 1361: 495; Molau, U., 1990: 65. 


$


 Bartsia camporum Diels



Bartsia camporum Diels

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 500; Molau, U., 1990: 57. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: dry valleys. 2500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4864* (G), Vargas 263 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Puno.


$


 Bartsia canescens Wedd.



Bartsia canescens Wedd.

Synonyms: Bartsia canescens Diels
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 495; Molau, U., 1990: 76. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 2000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (P), Ferreyra 6226 (US, USM)
Departments: Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima.


$


 Bartsia chilensis Benth.



Bartsia chilensis Benth.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 502; Molau, U., 1990: 60. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Bartsia cinerea Diels


Bartsia cinerea Diels = Bartsia canescens Wedd.

Reference: Molau, U., 1990: 76. 


$


 Bartsia crenoloba Wedd.



Bartsia crenoloba Wedd.

Reference: Molau, U., 1990: 84. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 1000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Boeke 1353 (NY)
Departments: Cuzco, Puno, Tacna.


$


 Bartsia crisafullii N.H. Holmgren



Bartsia crisafullii N.H. Holmgren

$


 Bartsia crisafullii subsp.acutiloba Molau



Bartsia crisafullii subsp. acutiloba Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1990: 46. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: grasslands. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 1495* (F), Smith et al. 12568 (GB)
Departments: Ancash, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Bartsia crisafullii subsp.crisafullii



Bartsia crisafullii subsp. crisafullii 

Reference: Molau, U., 1990: 45. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Fosberg 28105 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Lambayeque.


$


 Bartsia curtiflora Edwin


Bartsia curtiflora Edwin = Bartsia fiebrigii Diels

Reference: FP 1361: 495; Molau, U., 1990: 85. 


$


 Bartsia densiflora Benth., nom. superfl.


Bartsia densiflora Benth., nom. superfl. = Bartsia bartsioides (Hooker) Edwin

Reference: FP 1361: 492; Molau, U., 1990: 65. 


$


 Bartsia diffusa Benth.



Bartsia diffusa Benth.

Synonyms: Bartsia diffusa Diels
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 496; Molau, U., 1990: 69. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: grasslands. 3000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (K), Kalenborn & Kalenborn 27 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Pasco, Puno.


$


 Bartsia duripilis Edwin


Bartsia duripilis Edwin = Bartsia inaequalis subsp. duripilis (Edwin) Molau

Reference: FP 1361: 497; Molau, U., 1990: 54. 


$


 Bartsia elachophylla Diels



Bartsia elachophylla Diels

Synonyms: Bartsia elachophylla Edwin
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 498; Molau, U., 1990: 38. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: grasslands, shrublands. 2000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 2087* (G, MOL!), Pennell 15886 (NY)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Ayacucho, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco.


$


 Bartsia elongata subvar. pusilla Wedd.


Bartsia elongata subvar. pusilla Wedd. = Bartsia melampyroides (Kunth) Benth.

Reference: FP 1361: 498; Molau, U., 1990: 74. 


$


 Bartsia elongata Wedd.



Bartsia elongata Wedd.

Synonyms: Bartsia elongata Edwin
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 498; Molau, U., 1990: 86. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 3000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Gay 348* (P), Pennell 13287 (F)
Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco, Puno, Tacna.


$


 Bartsia fiebrigii Diels



Bartsia fiebrigii Diels

Synonyms: Bartsia fiebrigii Edwin
Reference: Molau, U., 1990: 85. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-III: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 1000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 13811 (US)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Bartsia filiformis Wedd.



Bartsia filiformis Wedd.

Synonyms: Bartsia filiformis Edwin
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 499; Molau, U., 1990: 39. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands. 2500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Molau & Ohman 1636 (GB, HUT)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Puno.


$


 Bartsia flava Molau



Bartsia flava Molau

$


 Bartsia flava subsp.flava



Bartsia flava subsp. flava 

Reference: Molau, U., 1990: 61. 
Ecology: Endemic herb, vine. Andean II-III: cloud forests. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Molau et al. 1760* (CPUN, GB), Pennell 15729 (NY, USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, La Libertad, Piura.


$


 Bartsia flava subsp.minor Molau



Bartsia flava subsp. minor Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1990: 62. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Molau & Eriksen 3337* (CPUN, GB), Smith & Valencia 10031 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca.


$


 Bartsia frigida Diels


Bartsia frigida Diels = Bartsia diffusa Benth.

Reference: Molau, U., 1990: 69. 


$


 Bartsia glabra Edwin


Bartsia glabra Edwin = Bartsia elachophylla Diels

Reference: FP 1361: 499; Molau, U., 1990: 38. 


$


 Bartsia hispida Benth.


Bartsia hispida Benth. = Bartsia mutica (Kunth) Benth.

Reference: FP 1361: 500; Molau, U., 1990: 58. 


$


 Bartsia inaequalis Benth.



Bartsia inaequalis Benth.

$


 Bartsia inaequalis subsp.brachyantha (Diels) Molau



Bartsia inaequalis subsp. brachyantha (Diels) Molau

Synonyms: Bartsia inaequalis brachyantha Diels, Bartsia inaequalis brachyantha Rusby
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 500; Molau, U., 1990: 55. 
Ecology. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 510* (PH), Wasshausen & Encarnaci&oacute;n 794 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cuzco, Puno.


$


 Bartsia inaequalis subsp.duripilis (Edwin) Molau



Bartsia inaequalis subsp. duripilis (Edwin) Molau

Synonyms: Bartsia inaequalis duripilis Edwin
Reference: Molau, U., 1990: 54. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: forests. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7533* (F), Hutchison et al. 5913 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Bartsia integrifolia Wedd.



Bartsia integrifolia Wedd.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 501; Molau, U., 1990: 78. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: grasslands. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Castelnau s.n.* (P), Killip & Smith 23264 (US)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Lima.


$


 Bartsia laciniata (Hook. & Arn.) Ruiz & Pav. ex A. L&ouml;pez


Bartsia laciniata (Hook. & Arn.) Ruiz & Pav. ex A. L&ouml;pez = Castilleja laciniata Hook. & Arn.

$


 Bartsia melampyroides (Kunth) Benth.



Bartsia melampyroides (Kunth) Benth.

Synonyms: Bartsia melampyroides Kunth, Bartsia melampyroides Wedd.
Reference: Molau, U., 1990: 74. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands. 2000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Pennell & Anderson 15104 (US, USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad, Pasco, Piura, Puno.


$


 Bartsia meyeniana Benth.


Bartsia meyeniana Benth. = Bartsia peruviana Walpers

Reference: FP 1361: 501; Molau, U., 1990: 82. 


$


 Bartsia mutica (Kunth) Benth.



Bartsia mutica (Kunth) Benth.

Synonyms: Bartsia mutica Benth., Bartsia mutica Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 502; Molau, U., 1990: 58. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: cloud forests, lomas. 1500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Bonpland 3466* (P), Hutchison & Wright 5375 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, Lima, La Libertad, Piura.


$


 Bartsia orthocarpiflora Benth.



Bartsia orthocarpiflora Benth.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 503; Molau, U., 1990: 28. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Bartsia parvifolia Benth.


Bartsia parvifolia Benth. = Bartsia pedicularoides Benth.

Reference: FP 1361: 503; Molau, U., 1990: 49. 


$


 Bartsia patens Benth.



Bartsia patens Benth.

Reference: Molau, U., 1990: 88. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 2500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 898* (CGE), Pennell & Ferreyra 14956 (US, USM)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Huancavelica, Lima, La Libertad, Pasco.


$


 Bartsia pauciflora Molau



Bartsia pauciflora Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1990: 71. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: forests. 3500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Davis et al. 1713 (F, USM), Davis et al. 1531 (F)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cuzco.


$


 Bartsia pedicellata Edwin


Bartsia pedicellata Edwin = Bartsia trichophylla Wedd.

Reference: FP 1361: 504; Molau, U., 1990: 40. 


$


 Bartsia pedicularoides Benth.



Bartsia pedicularoides Benth.

Synonyms: Bartsia pedicularoides Benth., Bartsia pedicularoides Wedd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 504; Molau, U., 1990: 49. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: bogs, grasslands. 2500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Molau & &ouml;hman 1640 (GB, HUT), Smith et al. 11720 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Pasco, Puno.


$


 Bartsia peruviana Walpers



Bartsia peruviana Walpers

Synonyms: Bartsia peruviana Benth., Bartsia peruviana Benth.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 505; Molau, U., 1990: 82. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 3000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Meyen s.n.* (K), Dillon et al. 1079 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco, Puno, Tacna.


$


 Bartsia pumila Benth.



Bartsia pumila Benth.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 496; Molau, U., 1990: 70. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Bartsia pyricarpa Molau



Bartsia pyricarpa Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1990: 44. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: grasslands. 2000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Molau et al. 1681* (CPUN, GB), Molau et al. 1701 (CPUN, GB)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Pasco.


$


 Bartsia remota Molau



Bartsia remota Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1990: 64. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: rocky slopes, riversides. 1500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 14326* (US), Pennell 14426 (NY)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Bartsia rigida Molau



Bartsia rigida Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1990: 78. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: grasslands. 3000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 735* (F), Tovar  1294 (USM)
Departments: Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima.


$


 Bartsia sanguinea Diels


Bartsia sanguinea Diels = Bartsia trichophylla Wedd.

Reference: FP 1361: 505; Molau, U., 1990: 40. 


$


 Bartsia santolinaefolia (Kunth) Benth.



Bartsia santolinaefolia (Kunth) Benth.

Synonyms: Bartsia santolinaefolia Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 505; Molau, U., 1990: 37. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Bartsia sericea Molau



Bartsia sericea Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1990: 33. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands, rocky slopes. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Molau et al. 1682* (GB, HUT), Molau 900 (GB, USM)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Bartsia serrata Molau



Bartsia serrata Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1990: 80. 
Ecology: Native subshrub. Andean II-III: grasslands, shrublands. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 14276* (NY), Weberbauer 5784 (F)
Departments: Arequipa, Ayacucho, Moquegua.


$


 Bartsia simulans Edwin


Bartsia simulans Edwin = Bartsia elongata Wedd.

Reference: FP 1361: 506; Molau, U., 1990: 86. 


$


 Bartsia strigosa Molau



Bartsia strigosa Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1990: 79. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, subshrub. Andean II-III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 1500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 21608* (US), Ferreyra 6545 (US, USM)
Departments: Ancash, Jun&iacute;n, Lima.


$


 Bartsia subinclusa Benth.


Bartsia subinclusa Benth. = Bartsia peruviana Walpers

Reference: FP 1361: 507; Molau, U., 1990: 82. 


$


 Bartsia tenuis Molau



Bartsia tenuis Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1990: 89. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands, rocky slopes. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Molau et al. 1658* (CPUN, GB), Pennell & Ferreyra 14966 (PH, USM)
Departments: Cajamarca, La Libertad.


$


 Bartsia thiantha Diels



Bartsia thiantha Diels

Synonyms: Bartsia thiantha Edwin, Bartsia thiantha Edwin nom. nud.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 492, 500; Molau, U., 1990: 75. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 1500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Molau & &ouml;hman 1606* (GB, HUT), Davis et al. 1553 (F, USM)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Puno.


$


 Bartsia tomentosa Molau



Bartsia tomentosa Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1990: 55. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands. 3000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Molau et al. 1680* (CPUN, GB), Smith et al. 12203 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, La Libertad, Pasco.


$


 Bartsia trichophylla Wedd.



Bartsia trichophylla Wedd.

Synonyms: Bartsia trichophylla Diels, Bartsia trichophylla Edwin
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 507; Molau, U., 1990: 39. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: bogs, grasslands. 2500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Weddell s.n.* (P), Wurdack 1243 (F, USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Bartsia tricolor Molau



Bartsia tricolor Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1990: 79. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: grasslands. 3000- > 4500 m. 
Note: 15  
Voucher: Molau et al. 538* (GB, USM), Smith et al. 10800 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash.


$


 Bartsia trixago L.



Bartsia trixago L.

Reference: Molau, U., 1990: 27. 
Note: No Peruvian specimens are cited by Molau (1990). An introduced herb known from Peru only from the collection Haenke 1973 (PR) cited from HU. 


$


 Bartsia viridis Edwin


Bartsia viridis Edwin = Bartsia filiformis Wedd.

Reference: FP 1361: 508; Molau, U., 1990: 39. 


$


 Bartsia weberbaueri Diels



Bartsia weberbaueri Diels

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 508; Molau, U., 1990: 56. 
Ecology. 2500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 2692* (G), Weberbauer 7347 (F)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Moquegua, Pasco.


$


 Barya monadelpha Klotzsch


Barya monadelpha Klotzsch = Begonia monadelpha subsp. monadelpha 

Reference: FP 747: 194; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 201, 253. 


$


 Basanacantha calycina (Cham.) Schumann


Basanacantha calycina (Cham.) Schumann = Randia calycina Cham.

Reference: FP 1365: 104; Bernardi, L., 1985: 204. 


$


 Basanacantha spinosa (Jacq.) Schumann


Basanacantha spinosa (Jacq.) Schumann = Randia armata var. armata 

Reference: FP 1365: 102; Bernardi, L., 1985: 203. 


$


 Basanacantha spinosa var. ferox Schumann


Basanacantha spinosa var. ferox Schumann = Randia armata var. ferox (Schumann) Bernardi

Reference: Bernardi, L., 1985: 204. 


$


 Basanacantha spinosa var. pubescens (Kunth) Schumann


Basanacantha spinosa var. pubescens (Kunth) Schumann = Randia armata var. pubescens (Kunth) R. Knuth

Reference: FP 1365: 103; Bernardi, L., 1985: 204. 


$


 Basella alba L.



Basella alba L.

Synonyms: Basella alba L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1265: 574; Sperling, C. R., 1987: 97. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb, vine. Amazonian, Andean I-III: rocky slopes. 0-4000 m. 
Voucher: Tupayachi 1020 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Moquegua.


$


 Basella diffusa Ruiz & Pav. ex Moq.


Basella diffusa Ruiz & Pav. ex Moq. = Anredera diffusa (Moq.) Sperling

Reference: FP 1265: 576; Sperling, C. R., 1987: 234. 
Note: Nom. illeg.  


$


 Basella marginata Kunth


Basella marginata Kunth = Anredera marginata (Kunth) Sperling

Reference: Sperling, C. R., 1987: 254. 


$


 Basella rubra L.


Basella rubra L. = Basella alba L.

Reference: FP 1265: 574; Sperling, C. R., 1987: 97. 


$


 Basella tuberosa Kunth


Basella tuberosa Kunth = Ullucus tuberosus subsp. tuberosus 

Reference: FP 1265: 575; Sperling, C. R., 1987: 128. 


$


 Basistemon intermedius Edwin



Basistemon intermedius Edwin

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 510; Barringer, K., 1985: 129. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Sandeman 3380* (OXF), Barbour 5234 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


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 Basistemon klugii Barringer



Basistemon klugii Barringer

Reference: Barringer, K., 1985: 130. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Klug 3842* (MO!), Plowman et al. 11387 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Basistemon peruviana Bentham ex B. D. Jackson



Basistemon peruviana Bentham ex B. D. Jackson

Synonyms: Basistemon peruviana Spruce ex Benth.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 510; Barringer, K., 1985: 129. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Note: The Flora of Peru uses the incorrect spelling B. peruvianus. 
Voucher: Spruce 4515* (BM), Schunke 8239 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Baskervilla assurgens Lindl.



Baskervilla assurgens Lindl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 117; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: cloud forests. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 1888* 
Departments: Cuzco, Puno.


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 Bassovia anceps (Ruiz & Pav.) Rusby


Bassovia anceps (Ruiz & Pav.) Rusby = Solanum anceps Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1349: 198. 


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 Bassovia brachypoda Dunal in DC.


Bassovia brachypoda Dunal in DC. = Capsicum hookerianum (Miers) Kuntze

Reference: FP 1349: 165. 


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 Bassovia macrophylla (Kunth ex Dunal) Coulter


Bassovia macrophylla (Kunth ex Dunal) Coulter = Witheringia solanacea L'H&eacute;r.

Reference: Hunziker, A. T., 1969: 167. 


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 Bastardia aristata Turcz.


Bastardia aristata Turcz. = Bastardia bivalvis (Cav.) Kunth

Reference: Fryxell, P. A., 1988: 117; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 27. 


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 Bastardia bivalvis (Cav.) Kunth



Bastardia bivalvis (Cav.) Kunth

Synonyms: Bastardia bivalvis (Turcz.) Hochreutiner, Bastardia bivalvis Cav., Bastardia bivalvis R.E. Fr., Bastardia bivalvis Turcz., Bastardia bivalvis Ulbrich
Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 590; Fryxell, P. A., 1988: 116; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 27. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub, subshrub. Andean I-II, Coastal: forests, rocky slopes. 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 3575 (USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Loreto, Piura, Tumbes.


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 Bastardia bivalvis var. aristata (Turcz.) Hochreutiner


Bastardia bivalvis var. aristata (Turcz.) Hochreutiner = Bastardia bivalvis (Cav.) Kunth

Reference: FP 1302: 590. 


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 Bastardia foetida (Cav.) Sweet


Bastardia foetida (Cav.) Sweet = Bastardia viscosa (L.) Kunth

Reference: Krapovickas, pers. comm.. 


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 Bastardia limensis R.E. Fr.


Bastardia limensis R.E. Fr. = Bastardia bivalvis (Cav.) Kunth

Reference: Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 28. 


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 Bastardia parvifolia Kunth


Bastardia parvifolia Kunth = Bastardia viscosa (L.) Kunth

Reference: FP 1302: 591; Fryxell, P. A., 1988: 117; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 29. 


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 Bastardia viscosa (L.) Kunth



Bastardia viscosa (L.) Kunth

Synonyms: Bastardia viscosa (Cav.) Moench, Bastardia viscosa (Cav.) Sweet, Bastardia viscosa (Kunth) Griseb., Bastardia viscosa (Willd. ex Spreng.) G. Don, Bastardia viscosa Cav., Bastardia viscosa DC., Bastardia viscosa Kunth, Bastardia viscosa L., Bastardia viscosa Willd. ex Spreng.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 591; Fryxell, P. A., 1988: 117; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 29. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: rocky slopes. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Cowan & Vinas 4477 (USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Lambayeque, Lima, Piura.


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 Bastardia viscosa var. parvifolia (Kunth) Griseb.


Bastardia viscosa var. parvifolia (Kunth) Griseb. = Bastardia viscosa (L.) Kunth

Reference: FP 1302: 591; Fryxell, P. A., 1988: 117; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 29. 


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 Bastardiopsis myrianthus (Planchon & Linden ex Triana & Planchon) Fuertes & Fryxell


Bastardiopsis myrianthus (Planchon & Linden ex Triana & Planchon) Fuertes & Fryxell = Abutilon myrianthum (Planchon & Linden ex Triana & Planchon) Krapov.

Reference: Krapovickas, A., 1969: 40; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 30. 


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 Batatas quinquefolia (L.) Choisy


Batatas quinquefolia (L.) Choisy = Merremia quinquefolia (L.) Hallier f.

Reference: Austin, D. F., 1982: 86. 


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 Batemannia armillata Rchb. f.



Batemannia armillata Rchb. f.

Synonyms: Batemannia armillata Kraenzl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1510: 57; Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 10. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I: cloud forests. . 
Note: Peruvian material was seen by Dodson (pers. comm.), but lost. 
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


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 Batemannia colleyi Lindl.



Batemannia colleyi Lindl.

Synonyms: Batemannia colleyi (Barbosa Rodrigues) Barb. Rodr., Batemannia colleyi Barb. Rodr., Batemannia colleyi Barb. Rodr., Batemannia colleyi Planch., Batemannia colleyi Planch., Batemannia colleyi Rolfe
Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 662; Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 11. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Huashikat 646 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Batemannia fimbriata Linden & Reichenbach f.


Batemannia fimbriata Linden & Reichenbach f. = Zygosepalum fimbriatum (Linden & Reichenbach f.) Garay

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


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 Batemannia peruviana Rolfe


Batemannia peruviana Rolfe = Batemannia colleyi Lindl.

Reference: FP 1473: 662; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


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 Batemannia petronia (Barbosa Rodrigues) Barb. Rodr.


Batemannia petronia (Barbosa Rodrigues) Barb. Rodr. = Batemannia colleyi Lindl.

Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 11. 


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 Batemannia wolteriana Schltr.



Batemannia wolteriana Schltr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 663; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: forests. . 
Voucher: Pastorelli illus.  


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 Batemannia yauaperyensis Barb. Rodr.


Batemannia yauaperyensis Barb. Rodr. = Batemannia colleyi Lindl.

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


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 Batesia floribunda Spruce ex Benth.



Batesia floribunda Spruce ex Benth.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 207; Ducke, A., 1949: 129; Spichiger, R., J. Meroz, P. Loizeau & L. Stutz de Ortega, 1989: 291. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 6159 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Bathysa obovata (Ruiz) Schumann ex Standley



Bathysa obovata (Ruiz) Schumann ex Standley

Synonyms: Bathysa obovata Ruiz ex Standl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 64; Standley, P. C., 1931: 280. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1000 m. 
Note: This species may prove to be synonymous with B. cuspidata (St. Hilaire) Hooker f. of Brazil. 
Voucher: Tafalla s.n.* (B photo F!), Young & Gr&aacute;ndez 1033 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


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 Bathysa peruviana Krause



Bathysa peruviana Krause

Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 65. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, terra firme forests. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Ule 6768* (B photo F!), Schunke 9247 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


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 Bathysa pittieri (Standl.) Steyerm.



Bathysa pittieri (Standl.) Steyerm.

Synonyms: Bathysa pittieri Standl.
Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 405. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 6982 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Batis maritima L.



Batis maritima L.

Reference: D'Arcy, W. G., 1977: 388. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Coastal: beach, lomas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Simpson & Schunke 603 (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Piura, Tumbes.


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 Batocarpus amazonicus (Ducke) Fosberg



Batocarpus amazonicus (Ducke) Fosberg

Synonyms: Batocarpus amazonicus Ducke
Reference: Emygdio de Mello Filho, L. & M. Emmerich, 1968: 6. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 3826 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


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 Batocarpus costaricensis Standl. & L.O. Williams



Batocarpus costaricensis Standl. & L.O. Williams

Reference: Emygdio de Mello Filho, L. & M. Emmerich, 1968: 8. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & D&iacute;az 58501 (MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios, Pasco, Ucayali.


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 Batocarpus orinocensis H. Karst.



Batocarpus orinocensis H. Karst.

Synonyms: Batocarpus orinocensis Ducke
Reference: Emygdio de Mello Filho, L. & M. Emmerich, 1968: 4. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Croat 20772 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Batocydia unguis (L.) Mart. ex DC.


Batocydia unguis (L.) Mart. ex DC. = Macfadyena unguis-cati (L.) A.H. Gentry

Reference: FP 1362: 72; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 231. 


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 Bauhinia accrescens Killip & J.F. Macbr.



Bauhinia accrescens Killip & J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 209; Wunderlin, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Endemic liana. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 528* (US), Asplund 14389 (US)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Bauhinia acreana Harms



Bauhinia acreana Harms

Synonyms: Bauhinia acreana J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 209; Ducke, A., 1949: 108. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Smith 1329 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


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 Bauhinia aculeata L.



Bauhinia aculeata L.

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 Bauhinia aculeata L. subsp.aculeata



Bauhinia aculeata L. subsp. aculeata 

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 210; Wunderlin, R. P., 1977: 347; Wunderlin, R. P., 1983: 101. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Material cited in the Flora of Peru under this species is placed under subspecies grandiflora by Wunderlin (pers. comm.). 


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 Bauhinia aculeata subsp.grandiflora (Jussieu) Wunderlin



Bauhinia aculeata subsp. grandiflora (Jussieu) Wunderlin

Synonyms: Bauhinia aculeata grandiflora Jussieu
Reference: Wunderlin, R. P., 1973: 570. 
Ecology: Native tree. Andean I, Coastal: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: McDaniel & Rimachi 25642 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lima, La Libertad, Tumbes.


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 Bauhinia augusti Harms



Bauhinia augusti Harms

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 210; Wunderlin, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Andean I: disturbed areas, shrublands. 500-1000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 6224* (B photo F!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


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 Bauhinia baina J.F. Macbr.


Bauhinia baina J.F. Macbr. = Bauhinia tarapotensis Benth.

Reference: FP 21: 211; Wunderlin, pers. comm.. 


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 Bauhinia bicuspidata Benth.


Bauhinia bicuspidata Benth. = Bauhinia longicuspis var. bicuspidata (Benth.) Wunderlin ex G.P. Lewis

Reference: Lewis, G. P., 1987: 93; Wunderlin, pers. comm.. 


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 Bauhinia brachycalyx Ducke



Bauhinia brachycalyx Ducke

Reference: Ducke, A., 1949: 108; Wunderlin, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Foster 9463 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Pasco.


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 Bauhinia confertiflora Benth.



Bauhinia confertiflora Benth.

Synonyms: Bauhinia confertiflora (Benth.) Schmitz, Bauhinia confertiflora Harms
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 218; Ducke, A., 1949: 109; Vaz, A. M. S. da F., 1979: 165; Wunderlin, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Tessmann 3274 (B)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Bauhinia corniculata Benth.



Bauhinia corniculata Benth.

Reference: Ducke, A., 1949: 108; Wunderlin, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ayala et al. 3034 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Bauhinia cupreonitens Ducke



Bauhinia cupreonitens Ducke

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 211; Ducke, A., 1949: 110; Vaz, A. M. S. da F., 1979: 162; Wunderlin, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Probably reported in error in the Flora of Peru (Wunderlin, pers. comm.). 


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 Bauhinia forficata Link



Bauhinia forficata Link

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 211; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 92; Wunderlin, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Specimens cited in the Flora of Peru probably represent B. tarapotensis (Wunderlin, pers. comm.). 


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 Bauhinia glabra Jacq.



Bauhinia glabra Jacq.

Synonyms: Bauhinia glabra (Benth.) Schmitz, Bauhinia glabra (Jacq.) Dugand, Bauhinia glabra Benth., Bauhinia glabra J.F. Macbr., Bauhinia glabra Kunth, Bauhinia glabra Walpers
Reference: Ducke, A., 1949: 111; Wunderlin, R. P., 1977: 352; Vaz, A. M. S. da F., 1979: 175. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 5403 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


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 Bauhinia grandiflora Jussieu


Bauhinia grandiflora Jussieu = Bauhinia aculeata subsp. grandiflora (Jussieu) Wunderlin

Reference: Wunderlin, R. P., 1973: 570. 


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 Bauhinia grandifolia (Bongard) Steud.



Bauhinia grandifolia (Bongard) Steud.

Synonyms: Bauhinia grandifolia Bong., Bauhinia grandifolia Harms
Reference: Ducke, A., 1949: 107; Wunderlin, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


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 Bauhinia guentheri Harms



Bauhinia guentheri Harms

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 212; Wunderlin, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Endemic liana. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Tessmann 4375* (B photo F), Klug 879 (US)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto.


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 Bauhinia guianensis Aubl.



Bauhinia guianensis Aubl.

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 Bauhinia guianensis Aubl. var.guianensis



Bauhinia guianensis Aubl. var. guianensis 

Reference: Wunderlin, R. P., 1977: 353; Vaz, A. M. S. da F., 1979: 178. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Barbour 5065 (USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Ucayali.


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 Bauhinia guianensis var.kunthiana (Vogel) Wunderlin



Bauhinia guianensis var. kunthiana (Vogel) Wunderlin

Synonyms: Bauhinia guianensis kunthiana (Vogel) Schmitz, Bauhinia guianensis kunthiana Miq., Bauhinia guianensis kunthiana Vogel, Bauhinia guianensis kunthiana Walpers
Reference: Wunderlin, R. P., 1973: 571; Wunderlin, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


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 Bauhinia herrerae (Britton & Rose) Standl. & Steyerm.



Bauhinia herrerae (Britton & Rose) Standl. & Steyerm.

Synonyms: Bauhinia herrerae (Britton & Rose) Schmitz, Bauhinia herrerae Britton & Rose, Bauhinia herrerae Standl.
Reference: Standley, P. C. & J. A. Steyermark, 1946: 92; Wunderlin, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 1536 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


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 Bauhinia hirsutissima Wunderlin



Bauhinia hirsutissima Wunderlin

Reference: Wunderlin, R. P., 1978: 371. 
Ecology: Endemic liana. Amazonian: forests, riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 2800* (US), Croat 18065 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


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 Bauhinia killipiana Standl.


Bauhinia killipiana Standl. = Bauhinia porphyrotricha var. killipiana (Standl.) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 21: 215. 


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 Bauhinia klugii Standl.


Bauhinia klugii Standl. = Bauhinia herrerae (Britton & Rose) Standl. & Steyerm.

Reference: FP 21: 212; Wunderlin, pers. comm.. 


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 Bauhinia kunthiana Vogel


Bauhinia kunthiana Vogel = Bauhinia guianensis var. kunthiana (Vogel) Wunderlin

Reference: FP 21: 213; Wunderlin, R. P., 1973: 571; Vaz, A. M. S. da F., 1979: 169. 
Note: NN  


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 Bauhinia langsdorffiana Bong.


Bauhinia langsdorffiana Bong. = Bauhinia microstachya (Raddi) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 21: 214; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 94. 


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 Bauhinia longicuspis Spruce ex Benth.



Bauhinia longicuspis Spruce ex Benth.

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 Bauhinia longicuspis var.bicuspidata (Benth.) Wunderlin ex G.P. Lewis



Bauhinia longicuspis var. bicuspidata (Benth.) Wunderlin ex G.P. Lewis

Synonyms: Bauhinia longicuspis bicuspidata Benth.
Reference: Lewis, G. P., 1987: 93; Wunderlin, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 10307 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


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 Bauhinia longifolia (Bong.) Steud.



Bauhinia longifolia (Bong.) Steud.

Synonyms: Bauhinia longifolia Bong.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 213. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 5781 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


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 Bauhinia longipetala Walpers


Bauhinia longipetala Walpers = Bauhinia glabra Jacq.

Reference: FP 21: 216; Ducke, A., 1949: 111; Vaz, A. M. S. da F., 1979: 172; Wunderlin, pers. comm.. 


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 Bauhinia martinensis J.F. Macbr.


Bauhinia martinensis J.F. Macbr. = Bauhinia acreana Harms

Reference: FP 21: 214; Wunderlin, pers. comm.. 


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 Bauhinia microstachya (Raddi) J.F. Macbr.



Bauhinia microstachya (Raddi) J.F. Macbr.

Synonyms: Bauhinia microstachya Bong., Bauhinia microstachya Raddi
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 214; Wunderlin, R. P., 1977: 351. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Foster 2571 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Bauhinia porphyrotricha Harms



Bauhinia porphyrotricha Harms

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 Bauhinia porphyrotricha Harms var.porphyrotricha



Bauhinia porphyrotricha Harms var. porphyrotricha 

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 215; Ducke, A., 1949: 109; Vaz, A. M. S. da F., 1979: 170. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 6184 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Bauhinia porphyrotricha var.killipiana (Standl.) J.F. Macbr.



Bauhinia porphyrotricha var. killipiana (Standl.) J.F. Macbr.

Synonyms: Bauhinia porphyrotricha killipiana Standl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 215. 
Ecology: Endemic liana. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 4289* (F)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Bauhinia porphyrotricha var.smithiana Killip & J.F. Macbr.



Bauhinia porphyrotricha var. smithiana Killip & J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 215. 
Ecology: Endemic liana. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 26296* (F), Killip & Smith 26599 (F)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


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 Bauhinia pterocalyx Ducke



Bauhinia pterocalyx Ducke

Synonyms: Bauhinia pterocalyx Standl. ex J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Ducke, A., 1949: 109; Vaz, A. M. S. da F., 1979: 149; Wunderlin, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry 43269 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Bauhinia rosea Miq.


Bauhinia rosea Miq. = Bauhinia guianensis var. kunthiana (Vogel) Wunderlin

Reference: FP 21: 213; Vaz, A. M. S. da F., 1979: 169. 
Note: NN  


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 Bauhinia ruiziana Harms


Bauhinia ruiziana Harms = Bauhinia weberbaueri Harms

Reference: FP 21: 219; Wunderlin, pers. comm.. 


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 Bauhinia rutilans Spruce ex Benth.



Bauhinia rutilans Spruce ex Benth.

Synonyms: Bauhinia rutilans (Spruce ex Benth.) Pittier, Bauhinia rutilans (Spruce ex Benth.) Schmitz
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 216; Ducke, A., 1949: 110; Vaz, A. M. S. da F., 1979: 164. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: forests, riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 626 (F)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto.


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 Bauhinia straussiana Harms



Bauhinia straussiana Harms

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 216; Ducke, A., 1949: 107. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


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 Bauhinia suaveolens Kunth


Bauhinia suaveolens Kunth = Bauhinia glabra Jacq.

Reference: FP 21: 216; Wunderlin, R. P., 1977: 352. 


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 Bauhinia suaveolens var. loretana J.F. Macbr.


Bauhinia suaveolens var. loretana J.F. Macbr. = Bauhinia glabra Jacq.

Reference: FP 21: 217; Wunderlin, pers. comm.. 


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 Bauhinia tarapotensis Benth.



Bauhinia tarapotensis Benth.

Synonyms: Bauhinia tarapotensis J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 217; Wunderlin, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests, riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Spruce 4417* (K), Foster 2502 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Bauhinia tessmannii Harms


Bauhinia tessmannii Harms = Bauhinia confertiflora Benth.

Reference: FP 21: 218; Wunderlin, pers. comm.. 


$


 Bauhinia uleana Harms



Bauhinia uleana Harms

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 218; Ducke, A., 1949: 110; Vaz, A. M. S. da F., 1979: 171. 
Ecology: Native liana. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   This may prove to be a synonym of B. glabra (Wunderlin, pers. comm.). 
Voucher: Ule 6643* (B photo F!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Bauhinia urocalyx Harms


Bauhinia urocalyx Harms = Bauhinia grandifolia (Bongard) Steud.

Reference: FP 21: 218; Wunderlin, pers. comm.. 
Note: NN  


$


 Bauhinia viorna Standl. ex J.F. Macbr.


Bauhinia viorna Standl. ex J.F. Macbr. = Bauhinia pterocalyx Ducke

Reference: FP 21: 219; Wunderlin, pers. comm.. 


$


 Bauhinia weberbaueri Harms



Bauhinia weberbaueri Harms

Synonyms: Bauhinia weberbaueri Harms
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 219; Wunderlin, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4802* (B), Ferreyra 6553 (USM!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Beadlea cranichoides (Griseb.) Small


Beadlea cranichoides (Griseb.) Small = Cyclopogon cranichoides (Griseb.) Schltr.

Reference: Garay, L. A., 1978: 264; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Beadlea inaequilatera (Poepp. & Endl.) Garay


Beadlea inaequilatera (Poepp. & Endl.) Garay = Cyclopogon inaequilaterus (Poepp. & Endl.) Schltr.

Reference: Garay, L. A., 1978: 267; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Beadlea millei (Schltr.) Garay


Beadlea millei (Schltr.) Garay = Cyclopogon millei (Schltr.) Schltr.

Reference: Garay, L. A., 1978: 268; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx; Christenson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Beadlea olivacea (Rolfe) Garay


Beadlea olivacea (Rolfe) Garay = Cyclopogon olivaceus (Rolfe) Schltr.

Reference: Garay, L. A., 1978: 269; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Beadlea peruviana (C. Presl) Garay


Beadlea peruviana (C. Presl) Garay = Cyclopogon peruvianus (C. Presl) Schltr.

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Beadlea plantaginea (Lindl.) Garay


Beadlea plantaginea (Lindl.) Garay = Cyclopogon plantagineus (Lindl.) Schltr.

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Beadlea rimbachii (Schltr.) Garay


Beadlea rimbachii (Schltr.) Garay = Cyclopogon rimbachii Schltr.

Reference: Garay, L. A., 1978: 272; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Becquerelia bicolor H. Pfeiff.


Becquerelia bicolor H. Pfeiff. = Calyptrocarya bicolor (H. Pfeiff.) T. Koyama

Reference: FP 735: 313; Koyama, T., 1967: 43. 


$


 Becquerelia cymosa Brongn.



Becquerelia cymosa Brongn.

$


 Becquerelia cymosa subsp.cymosa



Becquerelia cymosa subsp. cymosa 

Reference: Koyama, T., 1967: 28. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 961 (NY!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Becquerelia cymosa subsp.merkeliana (Nees) T. Koyama



Becquerelia cymosa subsp. merkeliana (Nees) T. Koyama

Synonyms: Becquerelia cymosa merkeliana Nees
Reference: Koyama, T., 1967: 29. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: McDaniel 21514 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Becquerelia glomerulata Brongn.


Becquerelia glomerulata Brongn. = Calyptrocarya glomerulata (Brongn.) Urb.

Reference: FP 735: 313; Koyama, T., 1967: 44. 


$


 Becquerelia merkeliana Nees


Becquerelia merkeliana Nees = Becquerelia cymosa subsp. merkeliana (Nees) T. Koyama

Reference: FP 735: 313; Koyama, T., 1967: 29. 


$


 Begonia acerifolia Kunth



Begonia acerifolia Kunth

Synonyms: Begonia acerifolia C. DC.
Reference: Smith, L. B. & D. C. Wasshausen, 1986: 48; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 135, 160. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: disturbed areas, forests. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Soukup 3876 (US!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Piura.


$


 Begonia aeranthos L.B. Sm. & B.G. Schub.



Begonia aeranthos L.B. Sm. & B.G. Schub.

Synonyms: Begonia aeranthos Irmsch.
Reference: Smith, L. B. & D. C. Wasshausen, 1986: 15; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 136. 
Ecology: Native herb, vine. . 
Note: The Flora of Ecuador (Smith & Wasshausen, 1986) lists this species as endemic to Ecuador and without the synonym given here. 
Voucher: Lobb s.n. (W photo US!)


$


 Begonia albomaculata C. DC.



Begonia albomaculata C. DC.

Reference: Flora Peru: 747: 202; Smith, L. B. & D. C. Wasshausen, 1984: 465; Smith, L. B. & D. C. Wasshausen, 1986: 46; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 137. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, rocky slopes. 0-1000 m. 
Note: The Flora of Peru indicates that "...description insufficient for identification." 
Voucher: Huber MG1518* (MG), Ch&aacute;vez 3111 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Begonia alnifolia A. DC.



Begonia alnifolia A. DC.

Reference: Smith, L. B. & B. G. Schubert, 1946: 180; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 137. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: forests. 1000-1500 m. 
Note: Smith et al. (1986) states that this taxon occurs only in Colombia. 
Voucher: Vargas 7316 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Begonia altoperuviana A. DC.



Begonia altoperuviana A. DC.

Reference: Flora Peru: 747: 185; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 137. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: shrublands. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Weddell 4556* (P photo F!), Vargas 3763 (Hb. Vargas photo US!)
Departments: Puno.


$


 Begonia anemoniflora Irmsch.



Begonia anemoniflora Irmsch.

Reference: Irmscher, E. O., 1953: 76; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 138. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: forests. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 2015* (B photo F!), Weberbauer 1764 (B)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Begonia arrogans Irmsch.



Begonia arrogans Irmsch.

Reference: Irmscher, E. O., 1949: 606; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 140. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Killip & Smith 26137* (US)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Begonia bifurcata Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert



Begonia bifurcata Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert

Reference: Smith, L. B. & B. G. Schubert, 1955: 113; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 143. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.     
Voucher: Ferreyra 3103* (US)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Begonia bracteosa A. DC.



Begonia bracteosa A. DC.

Reference: Flora Peru: 747: 185; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 145. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Herb. Hooker s.n.* (K), West 6416 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Puno.


$


 Begonia brevicordata Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert



Begonia brevicordata Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert

Reference: Smith, L. B. & B. G. Schubert, 1955: 113; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 146. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I: forests. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 6767* (US), Scolnik 927 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Begonia buddleiifolia A. DC.



Begonia buddleiifolia A. DC.

Reference: Flora Peru: 747: 186; Smith, L. B. & D. C. Wasshausen, 1986: 11; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 146. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 500-1000 m. 
Note: In the Flora of Peru as "buddleiaefolia". 
Voucher: Spruce 3998* (G photo F!), Killip & Smith 26101 (US!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Begonia ciliata Kunth


Begonia ciliata Kunth = Begonia hirtella var. hirtella 

Reference: FP 747: 192; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 150, 179. 


$


 Begonia cinnabarina Hooker



Begonia cinnabarina Hooker

Reference: Flora Peru: 747: 186; Smith, L. B. & D. C. Wasshausen, 1984: 466; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 151. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: disturbed areas, forests, rocky slopes. 2000-3500 m. 
Note: The Flora of Peru included B. clarkei as a synonym of this species. 
Voucher: Herrera 3275 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Begonia clarkei Hook. f.



Begonia clarkei Hook. f.

Reference: Flora Peru: 747: 186; Smith, L. B. & D. C. Wasshausen, 1984: 466; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 151. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Treated in the Flora of Peru as a synonym of B. cinnabarina Hooker. 
Voucher: West 8025 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho.


$


 Begonia columnaris Benth.


Begonia columnaris Benth. = Begonia urticae L. f. var. urticae 

Reference: FP 747: 187; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 152, 245. 


$


 Begonia columnaris var. glabra (A. DC.) Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert


Begonia columnaris var. glabra (A. DC.) Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert = Begonia urticae L. f. var. urticae 

Reference: FP 747: 187; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 152, 246. 


$


 Begonia cordifolia (A. DC.) Warburg, nom. illeg.


Begonia cordifolia (A. DC.) Warburg, nom. illeg. = Begonia hirta var. cordifolia (A. DC.) Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert

Reference: FP 747: 192; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 153, 179. 


$


 Begonia cucullata var.cucullata



Begonia cucullata var. cucullata 

Synonyms: Begonia cucullata cucullata C. DC.
Reference: Flora Peru: 747: 187; Golding, J., 1982: 332; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 155. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb. Andean II-III: forests. 500-3500 m. 
Note: The Flora of Peru treated B. spatulata Loddiges as a synonym of this species. 
Voucher: N&uacute;&ntilde;ez 6765 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Begonia cucullata Willd.



Begonia cucullata Willd.

$


 Begonia cyathophora Poepp. & Endl.



Begonia cyathophora Poepp. & Endl.

Synonyms: Begonia cyathophora Klotzsch
Reference: Flora Peru: 747: 188; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 156. 
Ecology: Native herb, vine. Andean I-II: forests, riversides. 500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (W), Schunke 9221 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Begonia davisii Veitch ex Hook. f.



Begonia davisii Veitch ex Hook. f.

Reference: Flora Peru: 747: 188; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 157. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: forests. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Davis s.n.* 


$


 Begonia diversifolia var. nana Walpers


Begonia diversifolia var. nana Walpers = Begonia hirtella var. nana (Walpers) A. DC.

Reference: FP 747: 192; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 159, 179. 
Note: NN  


$


 Begonia dolabrifera C. DC.


Begonia dolabrifera C. DC. = Begonia acerifolia Kunth

Reference: Smith, L. B. & D. C. Wasshausen, 1986: 48; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 135, 160. 


$


 Begonia elliptica Kunth


Begonia elliptica Kunth = Begonia glabra var. glabra 

Reference: FP 747: 190; Smith, L. B. & D. C. Wasshausen, 1986: 14; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 162, 171. 


$


 Begonia erythrocarpa A. DC.



Begonia erythrocarpa A. DC.

Synonyms: Begonia erythrocarpa Irmsch., Begonia erythrocarpa Irmsch., Begonia erythrocarpa Irmsch., Begonia erythrocarpa Irmsch., Begonia erythrocarpa Irmsch., Begonia erythrocarpa Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert
Reference: Smith, L. B. & D. C. Wasshausen, 1986: 38; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 164. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: cloud forests, disturbed areas. 1500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Metcalf 30543 (US!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Piura, Puno.


$


 Begonia falcifolia Hook. f.



Begonia falcifolia Hook. f.

Reference: Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 165. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. . 
Note: Described from cultivation. 
Voucher: Pearce s.n.* (K)


$


 Begonia filipes Benth.



Begonia filipes Benth.

Reference: Smith, L. B. & B. G. Schubert, 1946: 79; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 166. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Mej&iacute;a 402 (US!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Begonia fischeri Schrank



Begonia fischeri Schrank

$


 Begonia fischeri var.fischeri



Begonia fischeri var. fischeri 

Synonyms: Begonia fischeri fischeri Klotzsch, Begonia fischeri fischeri Klotzsch
Reference: Smith, L. B. & D. C. Wasshausen, 1986: 48; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 166. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-2500 m. 
Note: In Irmscher (1953) as "var. eufischeri". 
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (P: Hb. Jussieu Catal. no. 17282 photo US!), Smith 6036 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Begonia fischeri var.klugii Irmsch.



Begonia fischeri var. klugii Irmsch.

Reference: Irmscher, E. O., 1953: 99; Smith, L. B. & D. C. Wasshausen, 1986: 49. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Note: The Flora of Ecuador (Smith & Wasshausen, 1986) incorrectly state that this taxon is endemic to Ecuador; the type is from Peru. 
Voucher: Klug 3389* (US), Encarnaci&oacute;n & Mej&iacute;a 25124 (US!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Begonia foliosa Kunth



Begonia foliosa Kunth

$


 Begonia foliosa var.australis Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert



Begonia foliosa var. australis Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert

Synonyms: Begonia foliosa australis (Klotzsch) A. DC., Begonia foliosa australis Klotzsch
Reference: Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 168. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Mexia 8298 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Begonia foliosa var. miniata (Planchon & Linden) Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert


Begonia foliosa var. miniata (Planchon & Linden) Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert = Begonia fuchsioides var. miniata (Planchon & Linden) A. DC.

Reference: Smith, L. B. & B. G. Schubert, 1946: 196; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 168, 170. 


$


 Begonia fuchsiiflora (A. DC.) Baranov & F. Barkley



Begonia fuchsiiflora (A. DC.) Baranov & F. Barkley

Synonyms: Begonia fuchsiiflora (A. DC.) Warb., Begonia fuchsiiflora A. DC.
Reference: Baranov, A. I. & F. A. Barkley, 1973: 220; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 169. 
Ecology: Native herb. . 


$


 Begonia fuchsiifolia (A. DC.) Warb.


Begonia fuchsiifolia (A. DC.) Warb. = Begonia fuchsiiflora (A. DC.) Baranov & F. Barkley

Reference: Baranov, A. I. & F. A. Barkley, 1973: 220; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 169. 


$


 Begonia fuchsioides Hooker



Begonia fuchsioides Hooker

$


 Begonia fuchsioides var.miniata (Planchon & Linden) A. DC.



Begonia fuchsioides var. miniata (Planchon & Linden) A. DC.

Synonyms: Begonia fuchsioides miniata (Planchon & Linden) Klotzsch, Begonia fuchsioides miniata Planchon & Linden, Begonia fuchsioides var. miniata (Planchon & Linden) Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert
Reference: Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 170. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: disturbed areas, forests. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: S&aacute;nchez 4471 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca.


$


 Begonia gaudichaudii Walpers


Begonia gaudichaudii Walpers = Begonia geraniifolia Hooker

Reference: FP 747: 189; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 170, 171. 


$


 Begonia geraniifolia Hooker



Begonia geraniifolia Hooker

Synonyms: Begonia geraniifolia Gaudichaud-Beaupre, Begonia geraniifolia Klotzsch, Begonia geraniifolia Klotzsch, Begonia geraniifolia Lindl., Begonia geraniifolia Lindl., Begonia geraniifolia Walpers
Reference: Flora Peru: 747: 189; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 171. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II, Coastal: lomas, rocky slopes. 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 734* (K), Knapp 8328 (MO!)
Departments: Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Begonia gesnerioides Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert



Begonia gesnerioides Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert

Reference: Flora Peru: 747: 190; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 171. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Klug 4296* (GH)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Begonia glabra Aubl.



Begonia glabra Aubl.

$


 Begonia glabra var.amplifolia (A. DC.) Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert



Begonia glabra var. amplifolia (A. DC.) Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert

Synonyms: Begonia glabra var. amplifolia A. DC.
Reference: Flora Peru: 747: 191; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 172, 229. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 1928 (W)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Begonia glabra var.glabra



Begonia glabra var. glabra 

Synonyms: Begonia glabra glabra (Aubl.) Klotzsch, Begonia glabra glabra (Otto & Dietrich) Klotzsch, Begonia glabra glabra A. DC., Begonia glabra glabra A. DC., Begonia glabra glabra A. DC., Begonia glabra glabra A. DC., Begonia glabra glabra Klotzsch, Begonia glabra glabra Klotzsch, Begonia glabra glabra Kunth, Begonia glabra glabra Kunth & Bouche, Begonia glabra glabra Liebm., Begonia glabra glabra Otto & Dietrich, Begonia glabra glabra Sw.
Reference: Flora Peru: 747: 190; Smith, L. B. & D. C. Wasshausen, 1986: 14; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 171. 
Ecology: Native herb, vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests on white sand, terra firme forests. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Croat 18652 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Begonia glacoides Irmsch.



Begonia glacoides Irmsch.

Reference: Irmscher, E. O., 1949: 582; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 172. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Poeppig 1057* (W)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Begonia glauca (Klotzsch) Ruiz & Pav. ex A. DC.



Begonia glauca (Klotzsch) Ruiz & Pav. ex A. DC.

Synonyms: Begonia glauca Klotzsch
Reference: Flora Peru: 747: 191; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 172. 
Ecology: Endemic herb, shrub. Andean II: forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (G photo F!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Begonia gracillima A. DC.



Begonia gracillima A. DC.

Reference: Flora Peru: 747: 191; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 173. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   Type locality not certain. 
Voucher: Gay s.n.* (P photo F!)


$


 Begonia grandibracteolata Irmsch.


Begonia grandibracteolata Irmsch. = Begonia aeranthos L.B. Sm. & B.G. Schub.

Reference: Irmscher, E. O., 1953: 91; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 136, 173. 


$


 Begonia grandiflora Knowles & Wescott


Begonia grandiflora Knowles & Wescott = Begonia octopetala subsp. octopetala 

Reference: FP 747: 195; Smith, L. B. & D. C. Wasshausen, 1986: 34; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 173, 207. 


$


 Begonia guaduensis Kunth



Begonia guaduensis Kunth

Reference: Smith, L. B. & D. C. Wasshausen, 1986: 52; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 175. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: cloud forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui 5871 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Begonia heracleifolia Schltdl. & Cham.



Begonia heracleifolia Schltdl. & Cham.

Reference: Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 177. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Possibly introduced. 
Voucher: Williams 4320 (F photo US!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Begonia herrerae Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert



Begonia herrerae Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert

Reference: Smith, L. B. & B. G. Schubert, 1945: 91; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 178. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I: rocky slopes. 1000-1500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Vargas 3720* (GH)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Begonia hirta (Klotzsch) Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert



Begonia hirta (Klotzsch) Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert

$


 Begonia hirta var.cordifolia (A. DC.) Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert



Begonia hirta var. cordifolia (A. DC.) Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert

Synonyms: Begonia hirta cordifolia (A. DC.) Warburg, nom. illeg., Begonia hirta cordifolia A. DC.
Reference: Flora Peru: 747: 192; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 179. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* 
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Begonia hirta var.hirta



Begonia hirta var. hirta 

Synonyms: Begonia hirta hirta Klotzsch, Begonia hirta var. hirta (Klotzsch) A. DC.
Reference: Flora Peru: 747: 192; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 179. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: forests. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6639 (B)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Begonia hirtella Link



Begonia hirtella Link

$


 Begonia hirtella var.hirtella



Begonia hirtella var. hirtella 

Synonyms: Begonia hirtella hirtella Kunth, Begonia hirtella hirtella Lindl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 747: 192; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 179. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2000 m. 
Note: The Flora of Peru lists B. diversifolia Graham var. nana Walpers and B. hirtella var. nana as synonyms of B. hirtella; Smith et al. (1986) accepts var. nana as a valid taxon from Brazil. 
Voucher: Spruce 3982 (K)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Begonia hirtella var.nana (Walpers) A. DC.



Begonia hirtella var. nana (Walpers) A. DC.

Synonyms: Begonia hirtella var. nana Walpers
Reference: Flora Peru: 747: 192; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 179. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Begonia humilis Dryand.



Begonia humilis Dryand.

$


 Begonia humilis var.humilis



Begonia humilis var. humilis 

Synonyms: Begonia humilis humilis A. DC., Begonia humilis humilis Haw., Begonia humilis humilis Walpers
Reference: Flora Peru: 747: 193; Smith, L. B. & D. C. Wasshausen, 1986: 9; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 181. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides. 0-1000 m. 
Note: The Flora of Peru attributes authorship of this name to Aiton. 
Voucher: Wasshausen & Encarnaci&oacute;n 1093 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Begonia juninensis Irmsch.



Begonia juninensis Irmsch.

Reference: Irmscher, E. O., 1949: 594; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 185. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 26097* (US), Killip & Smith 26108 (F)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Begonia juntasensis Kuntze



Begonia juntasensis Kuntze

Reference: Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 185. 
Ecology: Native herb. . 
Voucher: Moore et al. 8601 (US)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Begonia lichenoides Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert


Begonia lichenoides Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert = Begonia weberbaueri Irmsch.

Reference: Smith, L. B. & B. G. Schubert, 1963: 10; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 190, 250. 


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 Begonia lobatopeltata Irmsch.


Begonia lobatopeltata Irmsch. = Begonia erythrocarpa A. DC.

Reference: Irmscher, E. O., 1953: 86; Smith, L. B. & D. C. Wasshausen, 1986: 38; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 164, 191. 


$


 Begonia longimaculata Irmsch.



Begonia longimaculata Irmsch.

Reference: Irmscher, E. O., 1953: 89; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 192. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. . 
Voucher: Lobb s.n.* (W)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Begonia longirostris Benth.



Begonia longirostris Benth.

Reference: Irmscher. E. O., 1914: 573; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 192. 
Ecology: Native herb. . 
Voucher: Young 1250 (US!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Begonia lophoptera Rolfe



Begonia lophoptera Rolfe

Reference: Flora Peru: 747: 193; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 193. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I-II: forests. 1000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Pearce 556* (K), Pennell 14069 
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Begonia lucida Haw.


Begonia lucida Haw. = Begonia humilis var. humilis 

Reference: FP 747: 193; Smith, L. B. & D. C. Wasshausen, 1986: 9; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 181, 193. 


$


 Begonia lucida Otto & Dietrich


Begonia lucida Otto & Dietrich = Begonia glabra var. glabra 

Reference: FP 747: 190; Smith, L. B. & D. C. Wasshausen, 1986: 14; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 172, 193. 


$


 Begonia lucifuga Irmsch.



Begonia lucifuga Irmsch.

Reference: Irmscher, E. O., 1949: 608; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 193. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Killip & Smith 24300* (US)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Begonia macbrideana Irmsch.


Begonia macbrideana Irmsch. = Begonia erythrocarpa A. DC.

Reference: Irmscher, E. O., 1953: 87; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 164, 194. 


$


 Begonia mayasiana Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert



Begonia mayasiana Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert

Reference: Smith, L. B. & B. G. Schubert, 1963: 7; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 198. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian: forests, rocky slopes. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Wurdack 1902* (US)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Begonia maynensis A. DC.



Begonia maynensis A. DC.

Reference: Flora Peru: 747: 194; Smith, L. B. & D. C. Wasshausen, 1986: 49; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 198. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Spruce 4859* (G), Mexia 6130 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Begonia meyeniana Walpers


Begonia meyeniana Walpers = Begonia humilis var. humilis 

Reference: FP 747: 193; Smith, L. B. & D. C. Wasshausen, 1986: 9; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 181, 199. 


$


 Begonia micrantha Steud.


Begonia micrantha Steud. = Begonia parviflora Poepp. & Endl.

Reference: FP 747: 195; Smith, L. B. & D. C. Wasshausen, 1986: 10; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 199, 211. 


$


 Begonia miniata Planchon & Linden


Begonia miniata Planchon & Linden = Begonia fuchsioides var. miniata (Planchon & Linden) A. DC.

Reference: Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 170, 200. 


$


 Begonia monadelpha (Klotzsch) Ruiz & Pav. ex A. DC.



Begonia monadelpha (Klotzsch) Ruiz & Pav. ex A. DC.

$


 Begonia monadelpha subsp.glabriflora Irmsch.



Begonia monadelpha subsp. glabriflora Irmsch.

Reference: Irmscher, E. O., 1953: 73; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 201. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: shrublands. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7035* (F)
Departments: La Libertad.


$


 Begonia monadelpha subsp.monadelpha



Begonia monadelpha subsp. monadelpha 

Synonyms: Begonia monadelpha monadelpha Klotzsch
Reference: Flora Peru: 747: 194; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 201. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Andean II: forests. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (G), Ferreyra 9416 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, La Libertad.


$


 Begonia moritziana Klotzsch


Begonia moritziana Klotzsch = Begonia fischeri var. fischeri 

Reference: FP 747: 200. 


$


 Begonia moritziana Kunth & Bouche


Begonia moritziana Kunth & Bouche = Begonia glabra var. glabra 

Reference: FP 747: 190; Smith, L. B. & D. C. Wasshausen, 1986: 14; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 172, 202. 


$


 Begonia myriantha Britton


Begonia myriantha Britton = Begonia parviflora Poepp. & Endl.

Reference: FP 747: 196; Smith, L. B. & D. C. Wasshausen, 1986: 10; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 203, 211. 


$


 Begonia obtecticaulis Irmsch.



Begonia obtecticaulis Irmsch.

Reference: Irmscher, E. O., 1949: 600; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 207. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 3721* (F), Ferreyra 16068 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Ucayali.


$


 Begonia octopetala L'H&eacute;r.



Begonia octopetala L'H&eacute;r.

$


 Begonia octopetala subsp.octopetala



Begonia octopetala subsp. octopetala 

Synonyms: Begonia octopetala octopetala (L'H&eacute;r.) Klotzsch, Begonia octopetala octopetala Knowles & Wescott
Reference: Flora Peru: 747: 195; Smith, L. B. & D. C. Wasshausen, 1986: 34; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 207. 
Ecology: Native Andean I-II, Coastal: forests, lomas, rocky slopes. 0-3000 m. 
Note: Taxon incorrectly listed as "var." in Smith et al. (1986). 
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (P: Herb. Jussieu photo US!), Knapp et al. 8341 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Lima, La Libertad, Piura, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Begonia octopetala subsp.ovatoformis Irmsch.



Begonia octopetala subsp. ovatoformis Irmsch.

Reference: Irmscher, E. O., 1953: 75; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 207. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: rocky slopes. 1500-2500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Macbride 4143* (F)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Begonia paludicola C. DC.


Begonia paludicola C. DC. = Begonia cucullata var. cucullata 

Reference: FP 747: 187; Golding, J., 1982: 355; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 155. 


$


 Begonia parviflora Poepp. & Endl.



Begonia parviflora Poepp. & Endl.

Synonyms: Begonia parviflora (Poepp. & Endl.) Klotzsch, Begonia parviflora Britton, Begonia parviflora Steud.
Reference: Flora Peru: 747: 195; Smith, L. B. & D. C. Wasshausen, 1986: 10; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 211. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (W), Vargas 7327 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Begonia pavoniana A. DC.


Begonia pavoniana A. DC. = Begonia humilis var. humilis 

Reference: FP 747: 193; Smith, L. B. & D. C. Wasshausen, 1986: 9; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 181, 212. 


$


 Begonia peltigera Irmsch.



Begonia peltigera Irmsch.

Reference: Irmscher, E. O., 1953: 79; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 213. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: disturbed areas, shrublands. 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 506* (B)
Departments: Puno.


$


 Begonia pennellii fo. macrantha Irmsch.


Begonia pennellii fo. macrantha Irmsch. = Begonia erythrocarpa A. DC.

Reference: Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 164, 213. 


$


 Begonia pennellii Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert


Begonia pennellii Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert = Begonia erythrocarpa A. DC.

Reference: FP 747: 196; Smith, L. B. & B. G. Schubert, 1955: 114; Smith, L. B. & D. C. Wasshausen, 1986: 38; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 164, 213. 


$


 Begonia pennellii subsp. lobato-ovata Irmsch.


Begonia pennellii subsp. lobato-ovata Irmsch. = Begonia erythrocarpa A. DC.

Reference: Irmscher, E. O., 1953: 84; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 164, 213. 


$


 Begonia pennellii subsp. longiloba Irmsch.


Begonia pennellii subsp. longiloba Irmsch. = Begonia erythrocarpa A. DC.

Reference: Irmscher, E. O., 1953: 85; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 164, 213. 


$


 Begonia peruviana A. DC.



Begonia peruviana A. DC.

Reference: Flora Peru: 747: 196; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 214. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I-II: forests. 1000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (G)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Begonia petalodes Lindl.


Begonia petalodes Lindl. = Begonia geraniifolia Hooker

Reference: FP 747: 189; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 171, 214. 


$


 Begonia physalifolia Liebm.


Begonia physalifolia Liebm. = Begonia glabra var. glabra 

Reference: FP 747: 190; Smith, L. B. & D. C. Wasshausen, 1986: 14; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 172, 214. 


$


 Begonia pilosella Irmsch.



Begonia pilosella Irmsch.

Reference: Irmscher, E. O., 1949: 598; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 215. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: forests. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 14054* (F), Cook & Gilbert 1109 (US)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Begonia piurensis L.B. Sm. & B.G. Schub.



Begonia piurensis L.B. Sm. & B.G. Schub.

Reference: Flora Peru: 747: 197; Smith, L. B. & D. C. Wasshausen, 1983: 298; Smith, L. B. & D. C. Wasshausen, 1986: 52; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 216. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: riversides. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Stork 11393* (UC)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Begonia pleiopetala A. DC.



Begonia pleiopetala A. DC.

Reference: Flora Peru: 747: 197; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 216. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: forests. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Maclean s.n.* (K), Vargas 9632 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Piura, Puno, Tumbes.


$


 Begonia poeppigiana (Klotzsch) A. DC.


Begonia poeppigiana (Klotzsch) A. DC. = Begonia foliosa var. australis Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert

Reference: FP 747: 198; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 168. 


$


 Begonia polypetala A. DC.



Begonia polypetala A. DC.

Reference: Flora Peru: 747: 198; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 218. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Note: From "Andes of Peru". 
Voucher: Froebel s.n.* (G), Ferreyra 3117 (MO!)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Begonia prionophylla Irmsch.



Begonia prionophylla Irmsch.

Reference: Irmscher, E. O., 1949: 597; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 219. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: forests, rocky slopes. 1500-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 6718* (B), Vargas 161 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Begonia pseudoglauca Irmsch.



Begonia pseudoglauca Irmsch.

Reference: Irmscher, E. O., 1949: 578; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 220. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (W)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Begonia pululahuana C. DC.



Begonia pululahuana C. DC.

Reference: Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 220. 
Ecology: Native herb. . 
Note:   
Voucher: Santisteban & Guevara 99 (F)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Begonia raimondii Irmsch.



Begonia raimondii Irmsch.

Reference: Irmscher, E. O., 1949: 629; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 222. 
Ecology: Endemic herb, shrub. Andean II: forests, shrublands. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Raimondi 2982* (B), Weberbauer 6639 (US)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Begonia rosiflora Hook. f.


Begonia rosiflora Hook. f. = Begonia veitchii Hook. f.

Reference: FP 747: 201; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 226, 247. 


$


 Begonia rossmanniae A. DC.



Begonia rossmanniae A. DC.

Synonyms: Begonia rossmanniae Klotzsch
Reference: Flora Peru: 747: 199; Smith, L. B. & D. C. Wasshausen, 1986: 32; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 226. 
Ecology: Native herb, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (G), Huashikat 505 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco.


$


 Begonia rubiginosipes Irmsch.



Begonia rubiginosipes Irmsch.

Reference: Irmscher, E. O., 1949: 596; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 227. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I: forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Killip & Smith 25632* (US)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Begonia rubrotincta Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert



Begonia rubrotincta Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert

Reference: Smith, L. B. & B. G. Schubert, 1963: 4; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 227. 
Ecology: Endemic herb, vine. Andean II: cloud forests. 2000-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Wurdack 921* (US)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Begonia scandens Sw.


Begonia scandens Sw. = Begonia glabra var. glabra 

Reference: FP 747: 190; Smith, L. B. & D. C. Wasshausen, 1986: 14; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 171, 229. 


$


 Begonia scandens var. amplifolia A. DC.


Begonia scandens var. amplifolia A. DC. = Begonia glabra var. amplifolia (A. DC.) Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert

Reference: FP 747: 191; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 172, 229. 


$


 Begonia semiovata Liebm.



Begonia semiovata Liebm.

Synonyms: Begonia semiovata A. DC.
Reference: Smith, L. B. & D. C. Wasshausen, 1986: 8; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 231. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: terra firme forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Foster 9829 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Begonia soror Irmsch.



Begonia soror Irmsch.

Reference: Irmscher, E. O., 1953: 71; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 235. 
Ecology: Endemic herb, shrub. Andean II: forests. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 4440* (B)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Begonia spruceana A. DC.


Begonia spruceana A. DC. = Begonia semiovata Liebm.

Reference: FP 747: 199; Smith, L. B. & D. C. Wasshausen, 1986: 8; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 231, 236. 


$


 Begonia stenotepala Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert



Begonia stenotepala Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert

Reference: Flora Peru: 747: 200; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 236. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I: forests. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: West 7114* (UC)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Begonia subciliata A. DC.



Begonia subciliata A. DC.

$


 Begonia subciliata var.persicina Irmsch.



Begonia subciliata var. persicina Irmsch.

Reference: Irmscher, E. O., 1949: 588; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 237. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I-II: forests. 500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 25613* (US), Killip & Smith 26118 (F)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Begonia subciliata var.subciliata



Begonia subciliata var. subciliata 

Reference: Flora Peru: 747: 188; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 237. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Note: The Flora of Peru treats B. subciliata as a synonym of B. cyathophora; Irmscher (1949) lists this taxon as "var. eusubciliata". 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (G)
Departments: Ayacucho, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco.


$


 Begonia subspinulosa Irmsch.



Begonia subspinulosa Irmsch.

Reference: Irmscher, E. O., 1949: 592; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 238. 
Ecology: Endemic herb, shrub. Andean I-II: forests, shrublands. 1000-2000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7836A* (F)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Begonia suprafastigiata Irmsch.



Begonia suprafastigiata Irmsch.

Reference: Irmscher, E. O., 1949: 590; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 239. 
Ecology: Endemic herb, shrub. Andean II: shrublands. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 7907* (F)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Begonia tetrandra Irmsch.



Begonia tetrandra Irmsch.

Reference: Irmscher, E. O., 1949: 626; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 241. 
Ecology: Native herb. . 
Voucher: Lobb s.n.* (W)


$


 Begonia thyrsoidea Irmsch.



Begonia thyrsoidea Irmsch.

Reference: Irmscher, E. O., 1949: 610; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 241. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I: forests. 1000-1500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 7927* (F)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Begonia tovarensis Klotzsch


Begonia tovarensis Klotzsch = Begonia fischeri var. fischeri 

Reference: FP 747: 200; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 166, 242. 


$


 Begonia tribracteata Irmsch.



Begonia tribracteata Irmsch.

Reference: Irmscher, E. O., 1949: 589; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 243. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I: forests. 1000-1500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Killip & Smith 22326* (US)
Departments: Ayacucho.


$


 Begonia tumbezensis Irmsch.



Begonia tumbezensis Irmsch.

Reference: Irmscher, E. O., 1953: 74; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 244. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Coastal: shrublands. 500-1000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 7646* (F), Weberbauer 7685 (F)
Departments: Tumbes.


$


 Begonia urticae L. f.



Begonia urticae L. f.

$


 Begonia urticae L. f. var.urticae



Begonia urticae L. f. var. urticae 

Synonyms: Begonia urticae urticae (Benth.) A. DC., Begonia urticae urticae (Benth.) Klotzsch, Begonia urticae urticae Benth., Begonia urticae urticae Klotzsch, Begonia urticae urticae Klotzsch, Begonia urticae var. urticae (A. DC.) Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert, Begonia urticae var. urticae A. DC.
Reference: Smith, L. B. & D. C. Wasshausen, 1986: 30; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 245. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: forests. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6723 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Begonia veitchii Hook. f.



Begonia veitchii Hook. f.

Synonyms: Begonia veitchii Hook. f.
Reference: Flora Peru: 747: 201; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 247. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 2000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Pearce s.n.* (K), Metcalf 30460 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Puno.


$


 Begonia velata Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert



Begonia velata Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert

Reference: Flora Peru: 747: 201; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 247. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: forests. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.     
Voucher: Weberbauer 6021* (GH)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Begonia villosa Lindl.


Begonia villosa Lindl. = Begonia hirtella var. hirtella 

Reference: FP 747: 192; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 179, 248. 


$


 Begonia viridiflora A. DC.



Begonia viridiflora A. DC.

$


 Begonia viridiflora var.parviflora Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert



Begonia viridiflora var. parviflora Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert

Reference: Flora Peru: 747: 202; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 248. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: disturbed areas, forests. 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Mexia 4152* (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Begonia viridiflora var.viridiflora



Begonia viridiflora var. viridiflora 

Reference: Flora Peru: 747: 201; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 247. 
Ecology: Endemic herb, shrub. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 1063* 
Departments: Ayacucho, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Begonia weberbaueri Irmsch.



Begonia weberbaueri Irmsch.

Synonyms: Begonia weberbaueri Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert
Reference: Irmscher, E. O., 1953: 78; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 250. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: forests, rocky slopes. 2000-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 3824* (B), Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 9943 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Begonia wurdackii Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert



Begonia wurdackii Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert

Reference: Smith, L. B. & B. G. Schubert, 1963: 5; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 250. 
Ecology: Endemic herb, vine. Andean II: cloud forests. 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Wurdack 1028* (US)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Beilschmiedia brasiliensis (Kostermans) Kostermans


Beilschmiedia brasiliensis (Kostermans) Kostermans = Anaueria brasiliensis Kostermans

$


 Beilschmiedia sulcata (Ruiz & Pav.) Kosterm.



Beilschmiedia sulcata (Ruiz & Pav.) Kosterm.

Synonyms: Beilschmiedia sulcata (Ruiz & Pav.) Meisn., Beilschmiedia sulcata (Ruiz & Pav.) Nees, Beilschmiedia sulcata Nees, Beilschmiedia sulcata Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 610: 843. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. . 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* 


$


 Bejaria aestuans L.



Bejaria aestuans L.

Synonyms: Bejaria aestuans (Humboldt & Bonpland) Mansfeld & Sleumer, Bejaria aestuans (Ruiz & Pavon) Pers., Bejaria aestuans (Ruiz & Pavon) Pers., Bejaria aestuans Humb. & Bonpl., Bejaria aestuans Humb. & Bonpl., Bejaria aestuans Mansfeld & Sleumer, Bejaria aestuans Poepp. & Endl., Bejaria aestuans R. Mansfield & H. Sleumer, Bejaria aestuans Ruiz & Pav., Bejaria aestuans Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Clemants, S. E., 1984: 218. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I-II: cloud forests, disturbed areas, dry valleys, grasslands, shrublands. 500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 61453 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Piura, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Bejaria caxamarcensis Kunth


Bejaria caxamarcensis Kunth = Bejaria resinosa Mutis ex L. f.

Reference: FP 1325: 132; Clemants, S. E., 1984: 285. 


$


 Bejaria cinnamomea Lindl.


Bejaria cinnamomea Lindl. = Bejaria resinosa Mutis ex L. f.

Reference: FP 1325: 128; Clemants, S. E., 1984: 286. 


$


 Bejaria coarctata Humb. & Bonpl.


Bejaria coarctata Humb. & Bonpl. = Bejaria aestuans L.

Reference: FP 1325: 130; Clemants, S. E., 1984: 220. 


$


 Bejaria glauca Humb. & Bonpl. var. glauca


Bejaria glauca Humb. & Bonpl. var. glauca = Bejaria aestuans L.

Reference: FP 1325: 130; Clemants, S. E., 1984: 219. 


$


 Bejaria glauca var. coarctata (Humboldt & Bonpland) Mansfeld & Sleumer


Bejaria glauca var. coarctata (Humboldt & Bonpland) Mansfeld & Sleumer = Bejaria aestuans L.

Reference: Clemants, S. E., 1984: 220. 
Note: A var. of B. glauca Humboldt & Bonpland  


$


 Bejaria glauca var. glandulosa Mansfeld & Sleumer


Bejaria glauca var. glandulosa Mansfeld & Sleumer = Bejaria aestuans L.

Reference: FP 1325: 130; Clemants, S. E., 1984: 226. 


$


 Bejaria glauca var. tomentella R. Mansfield & H. Sleumer


Bejaria glauca var. tomentella R. Mansfield & H. Sleumer = Bejaria aestuans L.

Reference: Clemants, S. E., 1984: 225. 


$


 Bejaria hispida Poepp. & Endl.


Bejaria hispida Poepp. & Endl. = Bejaria aestuans L.

Reference: FP 1325: 129; Clemants, S. E., 1984: 220. 


$


 Bejaria infundibula Clemants



Bejaria infundibula Clemants

Reference: Clemants, S. E., 1991: 173. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Andean II: shrublands. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Clemants & Fern&aacute;ndez 2007* (NY, USM), Mostacero et al. 1596 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca.


$


 Bejaria lanceolata (Ruiz & Pavon) Pers.


Bejaria lanceolata (Ruiz & Pavon) Pers. = Bejaria aestuans L.

Reference: FP 1325: 130. 


$


 Bejaria mathewsii Fielding & Gardner



Bejaria mathewsii Fielding & Gardner

Synonyms: Bejaria mathewsii Mansfeld & Sleumer
Reference: Flora Peru: 1325: 129; Clemants, S. E., 1984: 272. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I-II: forests, grasslands, rocky slopes. 1000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 1426* (K photo NY), Hutchison & Wright 3951 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Bejaria mathewsii fo. pulcherrima Mansfeld & Sleumer


Bejaria mathewsii fo. pulcherrima Mansfeld & Sleumer = Bejaria mathewsii Fielding & Gardner

Reference: Clemants, S. E., 1984: 273. 


$


 Bejaria oblonga (Ruiz & Pavon) Pers.


Bejaria oblonga (Ruiz & Pavon) Pers. = Bejaria aestuans L.

Reference: FP 1325: 130; Clemants, S. E., 1984: 218. 


$


 Bejaria pallens var. tarapotana Meissn.


Bejaria pallens var. tarapotana Meissn. = Bejaria sprucei Meisner

Reference: FP 1325: 130; Clemants, S. E., 1984: 259. 


$


 Bejaria peruviana Mansfeld & Sleumer


Bejaria peruviana Mansfeld & Sleumer = Bejaria resinosa Mutis ex L. f.

Reference: FP 1325: 131; Clemants, S. E., 1984: 288. 


$


 Bejaria resinosa Mutis ex L. f.



Bejaria resinosa Mutis ex L. f.

Synonyms: Bejaria resinosa Kunth, Bejaria resinosa Lindl., Bejaria resinosa Mansfeld & Sleumer, Bejaria resinosa Mansfeld & Sleumer
Reference: Flora Peru: 1325: 132; Clemants, S. E., 1984: 284. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean II-III: grasslands. 1500-4000 m. 
Voucher: D&iacute;az et al. 2658 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Piura.


$


 Bejaria sandiensis Mansfeld & Sleumer



Bejaria sandiensis Mansfeld & Sleumer

Reference: Flora Peru: 1325: 132; Clemants, S. E., 1984: 342. 
Note: Listed as a doubtful name in Clemants (1984). 


$


 Bejaria sprucei Meisner



Bejaria sprucei Meisner

Synonyms: Bejaria sprucei Meissn.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1325: 133; Clemants, S. E., 1984: 259. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests, grasslands, rocky slopes, savannas. 0-3500 m. 
Voucher: Spruce 3994* (K photo F), Schunke 5360 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Bejaria weberbaueriana Mansfeld & Sleumer


Bejaria weberbaueriana Mansfeld & Sleumer = Bejaria resinosa Mutis ex L. f.

Reference: FP 1325: 133; Clemants, S. E., 1984: 288. 


$


 Belladonna peruviana Adans.


Belladonna peruviana Adans. = Nolana humifusa (Gouan) I.M. Johnst.

$


 Bellinia biflora (Ruiz & Pav.) Roemer & Schultes


Bellinia biflora (Ruiz & Pav.) Roemer & Schultes = Jaltomata biflora (Ruiz & Pav.) Benitez

Reference: FP 1349: 31. 


$


 Bellinia contorta (Ruiz & Pav.) Roemer & Schultes


Bellinia contorta (Ruiz & Pav.) Roemer & Schultes = Jaltomata procumbens (Cav.) J.L. Gentry

Reference: FP 1349: 32. 


$


 Bellinia dentata (Ruiz & Pav.) Roemer & Schultes


Bellinia dentata (Ruiz & Pav.) Roemer & Schultes = Jaltomata dentata (Ruiz & Pav.) Benitez

Reference: FP 1349: 33. 


$


 Bellinia peruviana (Dietrich) Steud.


Bellinia peruviana (Dietrich) Steud. = Saracha peruviana Dietrich

$


 Bellinia procumbens (Cav.) Roemer & Schultes


Bellinia procumbens (Cav.) Roemer & Schultes = Jaltomata procumbens (Cav.) J.L. Gentry

Reference: FP 1349: 36. 


$


 Bellinia pubescens Roemer & Schultes


Bellinia pubescens Roemer & Schultes = Saracha pubescens (Roemer & Schultes) Dunal

$


 Bellinia punctata (Ruiz & Pav.) Roemer & Schultes


Bellinia punctata (Ruiz & Pav.) Roemer & Schultes = Saracha punctata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1349: 57. 


$


 Bellinia umbellata (Roth) Roemer & Schultes


Bellinia umbellata (Roth) Roemer & Schultes = ?  

Reference: FP 1349: 32; Mione, pers. comm.. 


$


 Belloa cerrateae (Ferreyra) Sagast. & Dillon


Belloa cerrateae (Ferreyra) Sagast. & Dillon = Belloa schultzii (Wedd.) Cabrera

Reference: Sag&aacute;stegui-Alva, A. & M. O. Dillon, 1985: 396. 


$


 Belloa longifolia (Cuatrec. & Aristeg.) Sag&aacute;st. & M.O. Dillon



Belloa longifolia (Cuatrec. & Aristeg.) Sag&aacute;st. & M.O. Dillon

Synonyms: Belloa longifolia Cuatrec. & Aristeg.
Reference: Flora Peru: 27926: 12; Sag&aacute;stegui-Alva, A. & M. O. Dillon, 1985: 396. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands, shrublands. 3500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 12853 (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, La Libertad.


$


 Belloa lopezmirandae Cabrera



Belloa lopezmirandae Cabrera

Synonyms: Belloa lopezmirandae (Cabrera) Freire
Reference: Flora Peru: 27926: 14. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: grasslands. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: L&oacute;pez 858* (F!, HUT), L&oacute;pez 1864 (F!, HUT)
Departments: La Libertad.


$


 Belloa pickeringii (A. Gray) Sagast. & Dillon



Belloa pickeringii (A. Gray) Sagast. & Dillon

Synonyms: Belloa pickeringii A. Gray, Belloa pickeringii A. Gray, Belloa pickeringii A. Gray
Reference: Flora Peru: 27926: 14; Sag&aacute;stegui-Alva, A. & M. O. Dillon, 1985: 396. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: grasslands. 3500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Wilkes Exped. s.n.* (GH), Macbride & Featherstone 705 (F!)
Departments: Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima.


$


 Belloa pickeringii var. minor A. Gray


Belloa pickeringii var. minor A. Gray = Belloa pickeringii (A. Gray) Sagast. & Dillon

Reference: FP 27926: 14. 


$


 Belloa piptolepis (Wedd.) Cabrera



Belloa piptolepis (Wedd.) Cabrera

Synonyms: Belloa piptolepis (Wedd.) Griseb., Belloa piptolepis Wedd., Belloa piptolepis Wedd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 27926: 14. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands, shrublands. 3000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 12906 (HUT)
Departments: Ancash, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, La Libertad, Moquegua, Puno.


$


 Belloa plicatifolia Sagast. & Dillon



Belloa plicatifolia Sagast. & Dillon

Synonyms: Belloa plicatifolia (Sagast. & Dillon) Freire
Reference: Flora Peru: 27926: 15; Sag&aacute;stegui-Alva, A. & M. O. Dillon, 1985: 394. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: rocky slopes, shrublands. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 10117* (HUT), Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 10010 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, La Libertad.


$


 Belloa schultzii (Wedd.) Cabrera



Belloa schultzii (Wedd.) Cabrera

Synonyms: Belloa schultzii (Ferreyra) Sagast. & Dillon, Belloa schultzii (Wedd.) Freire, Belloa schultzii Ferreyra, Belloa schultzii Wedd., Belloa schultzii Wedd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 27926: 16. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: dry valleys, grasslands. 4000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Lechler 1984* (P), Dillon et al. 3346A (HUT, MO)
Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Moquegua.


$


 Belloa spathulifolia Sagast. & Dillon



Belloa spathulifolia Sagast. & Dillon

Reference: Flora Peru: 27926: 16; Sag&aacute;stegui-Alva, A. & M. O. Dillon, 1985: 394. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: shrublands. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 11695* (HUT, MO)
Departments: Cajamarca, La Libertad.


$


 Belloa subspicata Wedd.



Belloa subspicata Wedd.

Synonyms: Belloa subspicata (Wedd.) Freire
Reference: Flora Peru: 27926: 16. 
Ecology. 2500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui & L&oacute;pez 10640 (MO)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Puno.


$


 Belloa turneri Sag&aacute;st. & M.O. Dillon



Belloa turneri Sag&aacute;st. & M.O. Dillon

Reference: Flora Peru: 27926: 18; Sag&aacute;stegui-Alva, A. & M. O. Dillon, 1985: 392. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: shrublands. 3000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 10087* (HUT, MO), Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 9547 (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, La Libertad.


$


 Bellucia aequiloba Pilg.



Bellucia aequiloba Pilg.

Reference: Renner, S. S., 1989: 17. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: N&uacute;&ntilde;ez 6884 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Madre de Dios.


$


 Bellucia axinanthera Triana


Bellucia axinanthera Triana = Bellucia pentamera Naudin

Reference: Renner, S. S., 1989: 19. 


$


 Bellucia grossularioides (L.) Triana



Bellucia grossularioides (L.) Triana

Synonyms: Bellucia grossularioides L.
Reference: Renner, S. S., 1989: 23. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 12701 (US!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Loreto.


$


 Bellucia imperialis Sald. & Cogn.



Bellucia imperialis Sald. & Cogn.

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 498. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Bellucia mespiloides (Miq.) J.F. Macbr.


Bellucia mespiloides (Miq.) J.F. Macbr. = Loreya mespiloides Miq.

Reference: FP 761: 498; Renner, S. S., 1989: 29. 


$


 Bellucia pentamera Naudin



Bellucia pentamera Naudin

Synonyms: Bellucia pentamera Cogn., Bellucia pentamera Triana
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 498; Renner, S. S., 1989: 19. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Lewis et al. 10748 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Bellucia spruceana (Benth. ex Triana) J.F. Macbr.


Bellucia spruceana (Benth. ex Triana) J.F. Macbr. = Loreya spruceana Benth. ex Triana

Reference: FP 761: 499; Renner, S. S., 1989: 51. 


$


 Bellucia umbellata Gleason


Bellucia umbellata Gleason = Loreya umbellata (Gleason) Wurdack

Reference: FP 761: 499; Renner, S. S., 1989: 45. 


$


 Bellucia weberbaueri Cogn.


Bellucia weberbaueri Cogn. = Bellucia pentamera Naudin

Reference: FP 761: 500; Renner, S. S., 1989: 19. 


$


 Bellynkxia brachycalyx Bremek.


Bellynkxia brachycalyx Bremek. = Morinda brachycalyx (Bremek.) Steyerm.

Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1972: 385. 


$


 Beloglottis bicaudata (Ames) Garay



Beloglottis bicaudata (Ames) Garay

Synonyms: Beloglottis bicaudata Ames
Reference: Garay, L. A., 1978: 253; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: OP  


$


 Beloglottis costaricensis (F. Rchb.) Schltr.



Beloglottis costaricensis (F. Rchb.) Schltr.

Synonyms: Beloglottis costaricensis (F. Rchb.) Kuntze, Beloglottis costaricensis F. Rchb.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 132; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Belonanthus angustifolius Schmale



Belonanthus angustifolius Schmale

Reference: Flora Peru: 1378: 319. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands. 3500-4000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 3321* (B)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Belonanthus crassipes (Weddell) Graebn.



Belonanthus crassipes (Weddell) Graebn.

Synonyms: Belonanthus crassipes (Wedd.) Hoeck, Belonanthus crassipes Wedd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1378: 319; Seitz, W., 1976: 415. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: disturbed areas, grasslands. 3500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui 11129 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, La Libertad.


$


 Belonanthus hispidus (Wedd.) Graebn.


Belonanthus hispidus (Wedd.) Graebn. = Valeriana niphobia Briq.

Reference: FP 1378: 319; Eriksen, B., 1989: 13. 


$


 Belonanthus longitubulosus Schmale



Belonanthus longitubulosus Schmale

Reference: Flora Peru: 1378: 319. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 3000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 2491* (B), Smith 8093 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Belonanthus spathulatus (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Schmale



Belonanthus spathulatus (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Schmale

Synonyms: Belonanthus spathulatus (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers., Belonanthus spathulatus Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1378: 320; Seitz, W., 1976: 415. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: grasslands. 3000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Macbride 3011 (F)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Beloperone appendiculata (Ruiz & Pav.) Nees


Beloperone appendiculata (Ruiz & Pav.) Nees = Justicia appendiculata (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl

$


 Beloperone baenitzii H. Winkler


Beloperone baenitzii H. Winkler = Justicia baenitzii (H. Winkler) C. Ezcurra

Reference: Ezcurra, C., 1988: 348. 


$


 Beloperone calycina Nees


Beloperone calycina Nees = Justicia calycina (Nees) V.A.W. Wassell

Reference: Graham, V. A. W., 1988: 610; Wasshausen, pers. comm.. 


$


 Beloperone ciliata Nees, nom. illeg.


Beloperone ciliata Nees, nom. illeg. = Justicia radicans M. Vahl

Reference: Graham, V. A. W., 1988: 604; Wasshausen, pers. comm.. 


$


 Beloperone monopleurantha Lindau


Beloperone monopleurantha Lindau = Justicia monopleurantha (Lindau) Wassh.

Reference: Lindau, G., 1904: 415; Wasshausen, pers. comm.. 


$


 Beloperone pubinervia Lindau


Beloperone pubinervia Lindau = Justicia appendiculata (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl

$


 Beloperone pyrrhostachya Lindau


Beloperone pyrrhostachya Lindau = Justicia pyrrhostachya (Lindau) Wassh.

Reference: Lindau, G., 1904: 417; Wasshausen, pers. comm.. 


$


 Beloperone scansilis Rizzini


Beloperone scansilis Rizzini = Justicia scansilis (Rizzini) V.A.W. Wassell

Reference: Graham, V. A. W., 1988: 617. 


$


 Beloperone sessiliflora Lindau


Beloperone sessiliflora Lindau = Justicia sessilifolia (Lindau) Wassh.

Reference: Lindau, G., 1922: 247. 


$


 Beloperone soukupii Standl. & F.A. Barkley


Beloperone soukupii Standl. & F.A. Barkley = Justicia soukupii (Standl. & F.A. Barkley) V.A.W. Wassell

Reference: Graham, V. A. W., 1988: 604. 


$


 Beloperone weberbaueri Lindau


Beloperone weberbaueri Lindau = Justicia weberbaueri (Lindau) Wassh.

Reference: Lindau, G., 1922: 247; Wasshausen, pers. comm.. 


$


 Belotia grewiifolia A. Rich.


Belotia grewiifolia A. Rich. = Trichospermum grewiifolium (A. Rich.) Kostermans

$


 Benitzia suaveolens Karsten


Benitzia suaveolens Karsten = Gymnosiphon suaveolens (Karsten) Urb.

Reference: Maas, P. J. M., H. Maas-van de Kamer, J. van Benthem, H. C. M. Snelders, & T. B&uuml;bsamen, 1986: 118. 


$


 Benthamantha caribaea (Jacq.) Kuntze


Benthamantha caribaea (Jacq.) Kuntze = Coursetia caribaea (Jacq.) Lavin var. caribaea 

Reference: Lavin, M., 1988: 112. 


$


 Benthamantha ochroleuca (Jacq.) Alefeld


Benthamantha ochroleuca (Jacq.) Alefeld = Coursetia caribaea var. ochroleuca (Jacq.) Lavin

Reference: FP 21: 389; Lavin, M., 1988: 131. 


$


 Berberis agapatensis Lechler



Berberis agapatensis Lechler

Reference: Flora Peru: 1273: 668; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 273. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean II-III: grasslands, shrublands. 2000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Lechler 2646* (P photo F!), N&uacute;&ntilde;ez 7219 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Puno.


$


 Berberis armata Citerne



Berberis armata Citerne

Reference: Flora Peru: 1273: 668; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 263. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. . 
Voucher: Gay s.n.* (P photo F!), Dombey s.n. (B photo F!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Berberis barbeyana Schneider



Berberis barbeyana Schneider

Reference: Flora Peru: 1273: 669; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 291. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: forests. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (G photo F!), Ch&aacute;vez 3484 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco.


$


 Berberis beauverdiana C. Schneider



Berberis beauverdiana C. Schneider

Reference: Flora Peru: 1273: 669; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 290. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2000-3000 m. 
Note: The voucher cited in the Flora of Peru, Weberbauer 4199, has been placed tentatively under Berberis multiflora.  
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (G photo F!), L&oacute;pez 9036 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Piura.


$


 Berberis benoistiana J.F. Macbr.



Berberis benoistiana J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1273: 669; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 273. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean III: grasslands, shrublands. 4000-4500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Macbride 4455* (F)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Berberis boliviana Lechler



Berberis boliviana Lechler

Synonyms: Berberis boliviana (Lechler) Schneid.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1273: 670; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 271. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III: shrublands. 2500-4500 m. 
Note: Cited in the Flora of Peru as B. conferta var. boliviana. 
Voucher: Vargas 9985 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Berberis brumalis J.F. Macbr.



Berberis brumalis J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1273: 670; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 285. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: shrublands. 3000-3500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 6799* (B, MOL)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Berberis buceronis J.F. Macbr.



Berberis buceronis J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1273: 671; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 278. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas. 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.     
Voucher: Weberbauer 6994* (B, MOL)
Departments: La Libertad.


$


 Berberis carinata Lechler



Berberis carinata Lechler

$


 Berberis carinata var.carinata



Berberis carinata var. carinata 

Reference: Flora Peru: 1273: 671; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 265. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: rocky slopes. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Lechler 2644* (P photo F!), Dillon 1263 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Puno.


$


 Berberis carinata var.echinata Diels



Berberis carinata var. echinata Diels

Reference: Flora Peru: 1273: 671; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 266. 
Ecology. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Herrera s.n.* (B)
Departments: Cuzco.


$



$


 Berberis citernei Ahrendt



Berberis citernei Ahrendt

Synonyms: Berberis citernei Citerne non Koch
Reference: Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 259. 
Ecology: Endemic . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Gay 1164* (P photo F!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Berberis cliffortioides Diels



Berberis cliffortioides Diels

Reference: Flora Peru: 1273: 671; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 268. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: grasslands, shrublands. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Raimondi s.n.* (B), Davis 1356 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco.


$


 Berberis commutata Eichler



Berberis commutata Eichler

Synonyms: Berberis commutata Rusby
Reference: Flora Peru: 1273: 672; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 262. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 1335 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Puno.


$


 Berberis conferta Kunth


Berberis conferta Kunth = Berberis lutea Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1273: 676; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 270; D. N. Smith, pers. comm.. 


$


 Berberis conferta var. boliviana (Lechler) Schneid.


Berberis conferta var. boliviana (Lechler) Schneid. = Berberis boliviana Lechler

Reference: FP 1273: 670; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 271. 


$


 Berberis conferta var. hypopyrrantha C. Schneider


Berberis conferta var. hypopyrrantha C. Schneider = Berberis lutea Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1273: 677; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 271; D. N. Smith, pers. comm.. 


$


 Berberis conferta var. lobbiana Schneid.


Berberis conferta var. lobbiana Schneid. = Berberis lobbiana (Schneid.) C. Schneider

Reference: FP 1273: 675; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 271. 


$


 Berberis conferta var. psiloclada C. Schneider


Berberis conferta var. psiloclada C. Schneider = Berberis lutea Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1273: 677; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 272; D. N. Smith, pers. comm.. 


$


 Berberis conferta var. spruceana C. Schneider


Berberis conferta var. spruceana C. Schneider = Berberis spruceana (C. Schneider) Ahrendt

Reference: FP 1273: 677; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 269. 


$


 Berberis divaricata Rusby


Berberis divaricata Rusby = Berberis commutata Eichler

Reference: FP 1273: 672; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 262. 


$


 Berberis dryandriphylla Diels



Berberis dryandriphylla Diels

Reference: Flora Peru: 1273: 672; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 281. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Andean II: shrublands. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Herrera 1742* (B), Vargas 3941 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Berberis flexuosa Ruiz & Pav.



Berberis flexuosa Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1273: 672; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 260. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: rocky slopes, shrublands. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (B photo F!), Stevens 21973 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Jun&iacute;n, Lima.


$


 Berberis gayi Citerne non Koch


Berberis gayi Citerne non Koch = Berberis citernei Ahrendt

Reference: FP 1273: 673; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 259. 


$


 Berberis glauca Ruiz & Pav.


Berberis glauca Ruiz & Pav. = Berberis lutea Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1273: 676; D. N. Smith, pers. comm.. 


$


 Berberis grandiflora Turcz.



Berberis grandiflora Turcz.

Reference: Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 275. 
Ecology: Native tree. Andean II: grasslands, shrublands. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: D&iacute;az 2157 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Berberis heterophylla Juss. ex Poir.



Berberis heterophylla Juss. ex Poir.

Reference: Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 233. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: forests. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Young 2101 (MOL!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Berberis hochreutinerana J.F. Macbr.



Berberis hochreutinerana J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1273: 673; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 293. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: grasslands, shrublands. 3000-3500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 6831* (F)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Berberis huanucensis (C. Schneider) J.F. Macbr.


Berberis huanucensis  (C. Schneider) J.F. Macbr. = Berberis lutea Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1273: 674; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 266; D. N. Smith, pers. comm.. 


$


 Berberis humbertiana J.F. Macbr.



Berberis humbertiana J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1273: 674; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 270. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: grasslands, shrublands. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Gay s.n.* (P), Vargas 7686 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho, Cuzco.


$


 Berberis jelskiana C. Schneider



Berberis jelskiana C. Schneider

Reference: Flora Peru: 1273: 675; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 281. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: grasslands, shrublands. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Jelski 232* (B photo F!), S&aacute;nchez 2689 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Berberis latifolia Ruiz & Pav.



Berberis latifolia Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1273: 675; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 264. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA photo F!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Berberis lobbiana (Schneid.) C. Schneider



Berberis lobbiana (Schneid.) C. Schneider

Synonyms: Berberis lobbiana Schneid.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1273: 675; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 271. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean II-III: forests, cloud forests. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Antu&ntilde;z 235 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Berberis loxensis Benth.



Berberis loxensis Benth.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1273: 675; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 293. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: cloud forests, shrublands. 2500-3500 m. 
Note: Part of complex; cited specimen tentatively determined.   
Voucher: Young 1485 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, La Libertad, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Berberis lutea Ruiz & Pav.



Berberis lutea Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Berberis lutea (C. Schneider) Ahrendt, Berberis lutea (C. Schneider) J.F. Macbr., Berberis lutea (Kunth) DC., Berberis lutea C. Schneider, Berberis lutea C. Schneider, Berberis lutea C. Schneider, Berberis lutea Kunth, Berberis lutea Ruiz & Pav., Berberis lutea Ruiz & Pav., Berberis lutea Rusby
Reference: Flora Peru: 1273: 676; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 266; D. N. Smith, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 2500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n 793* (G photo F!), L&oacute;pez 8339 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lima, Pasco, Piura, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Berberis lutea var. conferta (Kunth) DC.


Berberis lutea var. conferta (Kunth) DC. = Berberis lutea Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1273: 676; D. N. Smith, pers. comm.. 


$


 Berberis monosperma Ruiz & Pav.



Berberis monosperma Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1273: 677; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 260. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: grasslands, shrublands. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: N&eacute;e s.n.* (MA photo F!), Lechler 2642 
Departments: Cajamarca, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Puno.


$


 Berberis multiflora Benth.



Berberis multiflora Benth.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1273: 678; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 292. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean II: shrublands. 2000-3000 m. 
Note: Peruvian collections under this name may represent an undescribed species.  
Voucher: D&iacute;az 4003 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca.


$


 Berberis paniculata Jussieu ex DC.



Berberis paniculata Jussieu ex DC.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1273: 678; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 291. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: The type, Jussieu s.n., may be from Ecuador according to the Flora of Peru. 
Voucher: Jussieu s.n.* (P photo F!), D&iacute;az 2722 (MO!)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Berberis peruviana Schellenberg



Berberis peruviana Schellenberg

Reference: Flora Peru: 1273: 678; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 263. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 5897* (B)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Berberis phyllacantha Rusby


Berberis phyllacantha Rusby = Berberis lutea Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1273: 676; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 268; D. N. Smith, pers. comm.. 


$


 Berberis podophylla C. Schneider



Berberis podophylla C. Schneider

Reference: Flora Peru: 1273: 679; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 285. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: shrublands. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 3137*  (B photo F!), Sag&aacute;stegui 7710 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca.


$


 Berberis psiloclada (C. Schneider) Ahrendt


Berberis psiloclada (C. Schneider) Ahrendt = Berberis lutea Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 272; D. N. Smith, pers. comm.. 


$


 Berberis rotunda J.F. Macbr.


Berberis rotunda J.F. Macbr. = Xylosma cordatum (Kunth) Gilg

Reference: FP 732: 32; Sleumer, H., 1980: 166. 
Note: As a syn. of Xylosma cordatum (H.B.K.) Gilg (Flacourtiaceae)  


$


 Berberis saxicola Lechler



Berberis saxicola Lechler

Reference: Flora Peru: 1273: 679; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 270. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III: shrublands. 2500- > 4500 m. 
Note: Possibly conspecific with B. lutea.  
Voucher: Lechler 2096* (P photo F!), N&uacute;&ntilde;ez 9856 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Berberis spruceana (C. Schneider) Ahrendt



Berberis spruceana (C. Schneider) Ahrendt

Synonyms: Berberis spruceana C. Schneider
Reference: Flora Peru: 1273: 677; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 269. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: This taxon (as a variety) was discussed under B. lutea R. & P. in the Flora of Peru. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4157 (B)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Berberis tomentosa Ruiz & Pav.



Berberis tomentosa Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 265. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: shrublands. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA photo F!), Young 2795 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Berberis undulata Lindl.



Berberis undulata Lindl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1273: 679. 
Note: Cited in the Flora of Peru as an uncertain taxon.  


$


 Berberis virgata Ruiz & Pav.


Berberis virgata Ruiz & Pav. = Berberis lutea Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1273: 679; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 266; D. N. Smith, pers. comm.. 


$


 Berberis virgata var. huanucensis C. Schneider


Berberis virgata var. huanucensis C. Schneider = Berberis lutea Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1273: 674; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 266; D. N. Smith, pers. comm.. 


$


 Berberis weberbaueri C. Schneider



Berberis weberbaueri C. Schneider

Reference: Flora Peru: 1273: 680; Ahrendt, L. W. A., 1961: 260. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: grasslands, shrublands. 3000-3500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 2680* (B photo F!, MOL)
Departments: Ancash.


$


 Bergia capensis L.



Bergia capensis L.

Reference: Molau, U., 1983: 22. 
Ecology: Introduced aquatic herb. Coastal: swamps. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ellenberg 1377 (U)
Departments: Tumbes.


$


 Bernardia jacquiniana M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Bernardia jacquiniana M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 157; Webster, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Bernardinia agelaeoides Schellenberg


Bernardinia agelaeoides Schellenberg = Pseudoconnarus agelaeoides (Schellenberg) Forero

Reference: FP 640: 1120; Forero, E., 1983: 131. 


$


 Bernoullia swietenioides Gleason


Bernoullia swietenioides Gleason = Huberodendron swietenioides (Gleason) Ducke

Reference: FP 1303: 608; Spichiger, R., J. Meroz, P. Loizeau, & L. Stutz de Ortega, 1990: 5. 


$


 Berteroa peruviana DC.


Berteroa peruviana DC. = Draba peruviana (DC.) O.E. Schulz

Reference: FP 614: 959. 


$


 Bertholletia excelsa Humb. & Bonpl.



Bertholletia excelsa Humb. & Bonpl.

Reference: Mori, S. A. & G. T. Prance, 1990: 114. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Revilla 150 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.


$


 Bertiera guianensis Aubl.



Bertiera guianensis Aubl.

$


 Bertiera guianensis subsp.guianensis



Bertiera guianensis subsp. guianensis 

Synonyms: Bertiera guianensis guianensis Poeppig ex Schumann pro syn., Bertiera guianensis var. guianensis Steyerm.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 94; Steyermark, J. A., 1967: 318. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, grasslands, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 1085 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Bertiera guianensis subsp.pubiflora Steyerm.



Bertiera guianensis subsp. pubiflora Steyerm.

Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1967: 318. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1500 m. 
Note: This taxon should probably be recognized  as a separate species. 
Voucher: Klug 2164* (NY), Tunqui 902 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Bertiera guianensis var. glabrifolia Steyerm.


Bertiera guianensis var. glabrifolia Steyerm. = Bertiera guianensis subsp. guianensis 

Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1967: 318. 


$


 Bertiera parviflora Spruce ex Schumann



Bertiera parviflora Spruce ex Schumann

Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 95; Steyermark, J. A., 1967: 321. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: The use of this name in the Flora of Peru included both true B. parviflora and B. guianensis var. pubifolia. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez et al. 7406 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Besleria acutifolia Benth.


Besleria acutifolia Benth. = Besleria solanoides Kunth

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1939: 418. 


$


 Besleria aggregata (Mart.) Hanst.



Besleria aggregata (Mart.) Hanst.

Synonyms: Besleria aggregata (C. Morton) C. Morton, Besleria aggregata (C. Morton) C. Morton, Besleria aggregata (Mart.) Hanst., Besleria aggregata (Mart.) Hoehne, Besleria aggregata C. Morton, Besleria aggregata C. Morton, Besleria aggregata Fritsch, Besleria aggregata Mart.
Reference: Morton, C. V., 1968: 136. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 4666 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Besleria aggregata var. loretensis (C. Morton) C. Morton


Besleria aggregata var. loretensis (C. Morton) C. Morton = Besleria aggregata (Mart.) Hanst.

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1968: 136. 


$


 Besleria aggregata var. mexiae (C. Morton) C. Morton


Besleria aggregata var. mexiae (C. Morton) C. Morton = Besleria aggregata (Mart.) Hanst.

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1968: 136. 


$


 Besleria angusta C. Morton



Besleria angusta C. Morton

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1968: 135. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 5023* (US), Ferreyra 12736 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Besleria arbusta L. E. Skog



Besleria arbusta L. E. Skog

Reference: Skog, L. E., 1987: 231. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 5619* (US!), Schunke 7216 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Besleria barbata (Poepp.) Hanst.



Besleria barbata (Poepp.) Hanst.

Synonyms: Besleria barbata Fritsch, Besleria barbata Poepp.
Reference: Morton, C. V., 1968: 132. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, rocky slopes. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 1508* (W), Berlin 915 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Besleria bivalvis L. f.


Besleria bivalvis L. f. = Mendoncia bivalvis (L. f.) Merr.

Reference: Merrill, E. D., 1948: 213. 


$


 Besleria bonodora Vell.


Besleria bonodora Vell. = Brunfelsia bonodora (Vell.) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 1349: 152. 
Note: NN  


$


 Besleria caligula C. Morton


Besleria caligula C. Morton = Gasteranthus caligula (C. Morton) Wiehler

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1975: 154. 


$


 Besleria capitata Poepp.



Besleria capitata Poepp.

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1968: 144. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. . 
Voucher: Poeppig 1622* (W), Smith 1289 (USM!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Pasco.


$


 Besleria citrina Fritsch



Besleria citrina Fritsch

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1968: 137. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 4618* (B destroyed)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Besleria coccinea Aubl.


Besleria coccinea Aubl. = Drymonia coccinea (Aublet) Wiehler

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1973: 324. 


$


 Besleria compta C. Morton



Besleria compta C. Morton

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1968: 140. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 2926* (US!), Spruce 4564 (K)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Besleria concolor Fritsch



Besleria concolor Fritsch

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1968: 134. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 1194* (B photo US!)
Departments: Puno.


$


 Besleria corallinus Fritsch


Besleria corallinus Fritsch = Gasteranthus corallinus (Fritsch) Wiehler

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1975: 154. 


$


 Besleria costaricensis (Oerst.) Hanst.


Besleria costaricensis (Oerst.) Hanst. = Besleria solanoides Kunth

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1939: 418. 


$


 Besleria densiflora Fritsch


Besleria densiflora Fritsch = Besleria barbata (Poepp.) Hanst.

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1968: 132; Skog, pers. comm.. 


$


 Besleria divaricata Poepp. & Endl.



Besleria divaricata Poepp. & Endl.

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1968: 141. 
Ecology. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (W), Mexia 6322 (F)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Loreto, Puno.


$


 Besleria drymonia Steud.


Besleria drymonia Steud. = Drymonia serrulata (Jacq.) Mart.

$


 Besleria emendata C. Morton



Besleria emendata C. Morton

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1968: 137. 
Ecology: Endemic herb, shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Allard 21713* (US), Hutchison et al. 6043A (UC, USM!)
Departments: Loreto, Ucayali.


$


 Besleria ferreyrae C. Morton



Besleria ferreyrae C. Morton

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1968: 139. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Ferreyra 989* (US)
Departments: Ucayali.


$


 Besleria furva C. Morton



Besleria furva C. Morton

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1968: 137. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Spruce 4955* (K)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Besleria gracilenta C. Morton



Besleria gracilenta C. Morton

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1968: 132. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: forests. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Mexia 4136* (GH), Schunke 5245 (USM!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Besleria horizontalis C. Morton



Besleria horizontalis C. Morton

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1968: 145. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: forests. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Vargas 3252* (US)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Besleria hutchisonii C. Morton



Besleria hutchisonii C. Morton

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1968: 142. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Hutchison et al. 5937* (US!, USM!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Besleria ignea Fritsch


Besleria ignea Fritsch = Besleria aggregata (Mart.) Hanst.

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1968: 136; Skog, pers. comm.. 


$


 Besleria ignea var. loretensis C. Morton


Besleria ignea var. loretensis C. Morton = Besleria aggregata (Mart.) Hanst.

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1968: 137; Skog, pers. comm.. 


$


 Besleria ignea var. mexiae C. Morton


Besleria ignea var. mexiae C. Morton = Besleria aggregata (Mart.) Hanst.

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1968: 137; Skog, pers. comm.. 


$


 Besleria imberbis C. Morton



Besleria imberbis C. Morton

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1968: 132. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Raimondi 5334* (B destroyed)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Besleria immitis C.V. Morton



Besleria immitis C.V. Morton

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1968: 139. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: McDaniel & Rimachi 18988 (USM!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Besleria lucida Poepp.



Besleria lucida Poepp.

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1968: 134. 
Ecology. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (W), Mexia 4158 (G)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Besleria membranacea C.V. Morton



Besleria membranacea C.V. Morton

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1968: 133. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Klug 3994* (US), Ferreyra 7975 (USM!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Besleria minutiflora Fritsch



Besleria minutiflora Fritsch

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1968: 134. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ule 6211* (B destroyed)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Besleria moorei C.V. Morton



Besleria moorei C.V. Morton

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1968: 141. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Moore et al. 8583* (US!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Besleria obliqua C. Morton


Besleria obliqua C. Morton = Besleria solanoides Kunth

$


 Besleria pallidiflora Fritsch



Besleria pallidiflora Fritsch

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1968: 134. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 2117* (B destroyed)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Besleria peruviana Fritsch



Besleria peruviana Fritsch

$


 Besleria peruviana var.dissimilis C. Morton



Besleria peruviana var. dissimilis C. Morton

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1939: 452. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Tessmann 3170* (B destroyed)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Besleria peruviana var.occulta C. Morton



Besleria peruviana var. occulta C. Morton

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1939: 453. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Killip & Smith 24086* (US!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Besleria peruviana var.peruviana



Besleria peruviana var. peruviana 

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1968: 144. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 1958* (B destroyed, photo US)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Besleria placita C. Morton



Besleria placita C. Morton

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1968: 132. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Allard 20851* (US!), Ferreyra 1901 (US!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Besleria racemosa C. Morton



Besleria racemosa C. Morton

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1939: 450. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Klug 2660* (US)


$


 Besleria rupestris C.V. Morton


Besleria rupestris C.V. Morton = Gasteranthus wendlandianus (Hanst.) Wiehler

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1975: 156. 


$


 Besleria serrulata Jacq.


Besleria serrulata Jacq. = Drymonia serrulata (Jacq.) Mart.

$


 Besleria solanoides Kunth



Besleria solanoides Kunth

Synonyms: Besleria solanoides (Oerst.) Hanst., Besleria solanoides Benth., Besleria solanoides C. Morton, Besleria solanoides Oerst.
Reference: Morton, C. V., 1939: 418; Morton, C. V., 1968: 132. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub, tree. . 
Voucher: Jelski 24 (B)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Besleria spectabilis Kunth


Besleria spectabilis Kunth = Drymonia serrulata (Jacq.) Mart.

$


 Besleria sprucei Britton



Besleria sprucei Britton

$


 Besleria sprucei var.flavescens C. Morton



Besleria sprucei var. flavescens C. Morton

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1968: 135. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui 5867* (US!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Besleria sprucei var.sprucei



Besleria sprucei var. sprucei 

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1968: 135. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 13969 (US)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Besleria tetrangularis Ruiz ex Hanst.



Besleria tetrangularis Ruiz ex Hanst.

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1968: 134. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Weberbauer 1172 (B)
Departments: Arequipa, Jun&iacute;n, Puno.


$


 Besleria trichiata C. Morton



Besleria trichiata C. Morton

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1968: 134. 
Ecology. 1500-2000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Killip & Smith 25955* (US)
Departments: Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Besleria vargasii C. Morton



Besleria vargasii C. Morton

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1968: 135. 
Ecology. 1000-1500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Vargas 3732* (US)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Besleria variabilis C.V. Morton



Besleria variabilis C.V. Morton

Synonyms: Besleria variabilis C. Morton, Besleria variabilis C. Morton
Reference: Morton, C. V., 1968: 134. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 2912* (US), Ferreyra 1624 (US)
Departments: Ayacucho, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Besleria variabilis fo. barbatula C. Morton


Besleria variabilis fo. barbatula C. Morton = Besleria variabilis C.V. Morton

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1968: 134. 


$


 Besleria variabilis fo. pallida C. Morton


Besleria variabilis fo. pallida C. Morton = Besleria variabilis C.V. Morton

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1968: 134. 


$


 Besleria wendlandianus Hanst.


Besleria wendlandianus Hanst. = Gasteranthus wendlandianus (Hanst.) Wiehler

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1975: 156. 


$


 Besleria wurdackii C. Morton



Besleria wurdackii C. Morton

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1968: 147. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Wurdack 1955* (US!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Biancaea decapetela (Roth) O. Deg.


Biancaea decapetela (Roth) O. Deg. = Caesalpinia decapetala (Roth) Alston in R. Trimen var. decapetala 

$


 Biancaea sepiaria (Roxb.) Todaro


Biancaea sepiaria (Roxb.) Todaro = Caesalpinia decapetala (Roth) Alston in R. Trimen var. decapetala 

Reference: FP 21: 195; Isely, D., 1975: 38. 


$


 Bidens abadiae DC.



Bidens abadiae DC.

$


 Bidens abadiae var.abadiae



Bidens abadiae var. abadiae 

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1937: 357. 
Ecology: herb. . 
Voucher: Abadia s.n.* (G-DC)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Bidens abadiae var.pilosoides Sherff



Bidens abadiae var. pilosoides Sherff

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1937: 358. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. . 
Voucher: Cuming 1041* (K), Rose 18740 (NY)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Bidens alausensis Kunth


Bidens alausensis Kunth = Bidens pilosa var. alausensis (Kunth) Sherff

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1937: 450. 


$


 Bidens andicola Kunth



Bidens andicola Kunth

$


 Bidens andicola var.andicola



Bidens andicola var. andicola 

Synonyms: Bidens andicola andicola Scherff
Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1937: 494. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands. 3000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Dillon et al. 1258 (F!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Puno.


$


 Bidens andicola var.descomposita Kuntze



Bidens andicola var. descomposita Kuntze

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1937: 499. 
Ecology. 1500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 441 (F!)
Departments: Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Bidens bipinnata var. cynapiifolia (Kunth) M. G&oacute;mez


Bidens bipinnata var. cynapiifolia (Kunth) M. G&oacute;mez = Bidens cynapiifolia Kunth

$


 Bidens buchtienii Scherff


Bidens buchtienii Scherff = Bidens andicola var. andicola 

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1937: 502. 


$


 Bidens calcicola Greenm.


Bidens calcicola Greenm. = Bidens pilosa var. calcicola (Greenm.) Scherff

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1937: 455. 


$


 Bidens cynapiifolia Kunth



Bidens cynapiifolia Kunth

Synonyms: Bidens cynapiifolia (Kunth) M. G&oacute;mez
Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1937: 468. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Rimachi 7344 (NY)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes.


$



$


 Bidens exigua Sherff



Bidens exigua Sherff

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1937: 382. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: rocky slopes. 500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Townsend 1513* (US!), Macbride 2873 (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lima, Moquegua.


$


 Bidens humilis Kunth


Bidens humilis Kunth = Bidens triplinervia var. triplinervia 

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1937: 502. 


$


 Bidens laevis (L.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenburg



Bidens laevis (L.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenburg

Synonyms: Bidens laevis L.
Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1937: 313. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Wurdack 892 (NY)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Bidens leucantha Willd.


Bidens leucantha Willd. = Bidens pilosa fo. radiata Sch. Bip.

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1937: 430. 


$


 Bidens macrantha Wedd.


Bidens macrantha Wedd. = Bidens triplinervia var. macrantha (Wedd.) Sherff

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1937: 499. 


$


 Bidens mollis Poepp.


Bidens mollis Poepp. = Bidens triplinervia var. mollis (Poepp.) Sherff

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1937: 522. 


$


 Bidens monticola Poepp.



Bidens monticola Poepp.

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1937: 167. 
Ecology. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (W), Killip & Smith 24114 (NY)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Bidens nivea L.


Bidens nivea L. = Melanthera nivea (L.) Small

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1937: 640. 


$


 Bidens ocymifolia Lam.


Bidens ocymifolia Lam. = Acmella alba var. alba 

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1937: 197. 


$


 Bidens patula Gardner


Bidens patula Gardner = Bidens segetum var. patula (Gardner) Sherff

$


 Bidens pilosa fo.radiata Sch. Bip.



Bidens pilosa fo. radiata Sch. Bip.

Synonyms: Bidens pilosa radiata Willd.
Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1937: 430. 
Ecology. 0-4000 m. 
Voucher: Klug 4264 (NY)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lima, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Bidens pilosa L.



Bidens pilosa L.

$


 Bidens pilosa var.alausensis (Kunth) Sherff



Bidens pilosa var. alausensis (Kunth) Sherff

Synonyms: Bidens pilosa alausensis Kunth, Bidens pilosa alausensis Kunth
Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1937: 450. 
Ecology. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Wurdack 449 (NY)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Bidens pilosa var.calcicola (Greenm.) Scherff



Bidens pilosa var. calcicola (Greenm.) Scherff

Synonyms: Bidens pilosa calcicola Greenm.
Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1937: 455. 
Ecology. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Wurdack 444 (NY)
Departments: Amazonas, La Libertad.


$


 Bidens pilosa var. dubia (Cass.) O. E. Schultz


Bidens pilosa var. dubia (Cass.) O. E. Schultz = Bidens pilosa var. minor (Blume) Sherff

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1937: 422. 


$


 Bidens pilosa var.minor (Blume) Sherff



Bidens pilosa var. minor (Blume) Sherff

Synonyms: Bidens pilosa var. minor (Cass.) O. E. Schultz, Bidens pilosa var. minor Blume
Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1937: 421. 
Ecology. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Grant 7452 (NY)
Departments: Arequipa, Lima, Piura.


$


 Bidens pilosa var.pilosa



Bidens pilosa var. pilosa 

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1937: 412. 
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I-III, Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-4000 m. 
Voucher: Fosberg 28211 (NY)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Tacna.


$


 Bidens pseudocosmos Sherff



Bidens pseudocosmos Sherff

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1937: 410. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: disturbed areas, riversides. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 2904 (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Lima.


$


 Bidens refracta Brandegee


Bidens refracta Brandegee = Bidens riparia var. refracta (Brandegee) O.E. Schulz

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1937: 475. 


$


 Bidens rhombifolia Sch. Bip.


Bidens rhombifolia Sch. Bip. = Heterosperma ovatifolia Cav.

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1937: 642. 


$


 Bidens riparia Kunth



Bidens riparia Kunth

$


 Bidens riparia var.refracta (Brandegee) O.E. Schulz



Bidens riparia var. refracta (Brandegee) O.E. Schulz

Synonyms: Bidens riparia refracta Brandegee
Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1937: 475. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 3006 (NY)
Departments: Loreto, Piura, Tumbes.


$


 Bidens riparia var.riparia



Bidens riparia var. riparia 

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1937: 474. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Coastal: disturbed areas, riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 3006 (NY)
Departments: Loreto, Piura, Tumbes.


$


 Bidens rubifolia Kunth



Bidens rubifolia Kunth

Synonyms: Bidens rubifolia C. Martius ex Colla
Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1937: 187. 
Ecology. 500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 22490 (NY)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Bidens scandens L.


Bidens scandens L. = Salmea scandens (L.) DC.

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1937: 643. 


$


 Bidens scandicina Kunth


Bidens scandicina Kunth = Bidens pilosa var. alausensis (Kunth) Sherff

Reference: Hieronymus, G., 1905: 496. 


$


 Bidens segetum C. Martius ex Colla


Bidens segetum C. Martius ex Colla = Bidens rubifolia Kunth

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1937: 194. 


$


 Bidens segetum var.patula (Gardner) Sherff



Bidens segetum var. patula (Gardner) Sherff

Synonyms: Bidens segetum patula Gardner
Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1937: 197. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 23453 (NY)
Departments: Cajamarca, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Bidens squarrosa Kunth



Bidens squarrosa Kunth

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1937: 179. 
Ecology. 500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 5348 (NY)
Departments: Cajamarca, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Bidens sundaica var. minor Blume


Bidens sundaica var. minor Blume = Bidens pilosa var. minor (Blume) Sherff

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1937: 421. 


$


 Bidens triplinervia Kunth



Bidens triplinervia Kunth

$


 Bidens triplinervia var.macrantha (Wedd.) Sherff



Bidens triplinervia var. macrantha (Wedd.) Sherff

Synonyms: Bidens triplinervia macrantha Wedd.
Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1937: 510. 
Ecology. 2000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 3501 (NY)
Departments: Amazonas, Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Pasco, Puno.


$


 Bidens triplinervia var.mollis (Poepp.) Sherff



Bidens triplinervia var. mollis (Poepp.) Sherff

Synonyms: Bidens triplinervia mollis Poepp.
Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1937: 520. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: forests. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 1377* (W), Wurdack 48 (NY)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Bidens triplinervia var.triplinervia



Bidens triplinervia var. triplinervia 

Synonyms: Bidens triplinervia triplinervia Kunth
Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1937: 506. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Andean II-III: disturbed areas. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Smith & V&aacute;squez 3451 (NY)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Pasco, Piura, Puno.


$


 Bidens verticillata L.


Bidens verticillata L. = Trichospira verticillata (L.) S.F. Blake

Reference: FP 1420: 6. 


$


 Bifrenaria floribunda (Schltr.) C. Schweinf.


Bifrenaria floribunda (Schltr.) C. Schweinf. = Rudolfiella floribunda (C. Schweinf.) Hoehne

Reference: Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx. 


$


 Bifrenaria longicornis Lindl.


Bifrenaria longicornis Lindl. = Stenocoryne longicornis (Lindl.) Lindl.

Reference: FP 1473: 638; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Bifrenaria minuta Garay


Bifrenaria minuta Garay = Bifrenaria rudolfii (Hoenhe) Carnevali & G.A. Romero

Reference: FP 1510: 56. 


$


 Bifrenaria rudolfii (Hoenhe) Carnevali & G.A. Romero



Bifrenaria rudolfii (Hoenhe) Carnevali & G.A. Romero

Synonyms: Bifrenaria rudolfii Garay, Bifrenaria rudolfii Garay & Dunst., Bifrenaria rudolfii Hoenhe, Bifrenaria rudolfii Schltr.


$


 Bifrenaria sabulosa Barb. Rodr.


Bifrenaria sabulosa Barb. Rodr. = Stenocoryne longicornis (Lindl.) Lindl.

Reference: FP 1473: 638. 


$


 Bifrenaria saxicola (Schltr.) C. Schweinf.


Bifrenaria saxicola (Schltr.) C. Schweinf. = Rudolfiella saxicola (Schltr.) Hoehne

Reference: FP 1473: 639; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: NN  


$


 Bigelovia corymbosa Bartl. ex DC.


Bigelovia corymbosa Bartl. ex DC. = Galianthe corymbosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Cabral

Reference: FP 1365: 251. 


$


 Bigelowia lehmannii Hieron.


Bigelowia lehmannii Hieron. = Llerasia lindenii Triana

Reference: Blake, S. F., 1927: 113; Cuatrecasas, J., 1970: 43. 


$


 Bignonia aequinoctialis L.


Bignonia aequinoctialis L. = Cydista aequinoctialis (L.) Miers

Reference: FP 1362: 61; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 151. 


$


 Bignonia aesculifolia Kunth


Bignonia aesculifolia Kunth = Godmania aesculifolia (Kunth) Standl.

Reference: FP 1362: 91; Gentry, A. H., 1992: 47. 


$


 Bignonia africana Lam.


Bignonia africana Lam. = Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth.

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1977: 78. 


$


 Bignonia alliacea Lam.


Bignonia alliacea Lam. = Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) A.H. Gentry

Reference: FP 1362: 30; Gentry, A. H., 1979: 782. 


$


 Bignonia antisyphilitica Mart.


Bignonia antisyphilitica Mart. = Cybistax antisyphilitica (Mart.) C. Mart. ex DC.

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1992: 26. 


$


 Bignonia aurea Manso


Bignonia aurea Manso = Tabebuia aurea (Manso) Benth. & Hook. f. ex S. Moore

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1992: 144. 


$


 Bignonia binata Thunb.


Bignonia binata Thunb. = Clytostoma binatum (Thunb.) Sandwith

Reference: FP 1362: 38; Gentry, A. H., 1977: 51. 


$


 Bignonia boliviana Rusby


Bignonia boliviana Rusby = Arrabidaea corallina (Jacq.) Sandwith

Reference: FP 1362: 19; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 89. 


$


 Bignonia brachypoda A. DC.


Bignonia brachypoda A. DC. = Arrabidaea brachypoda (A. DC.) Bureau

Reference: FP 1362: 18; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 78. 


$


 Bignonia bracteolata A. DC.


Bignonia bracteolata A. DC. = Arrabidaea bracteolata (A. DC.) Sandwith

Reference: FP 1362: 17. 


$


 Bignonia brevipes Rusby


Bignonia brevipes Rusby = Stizophyllum riparium (Kunth) Sandwith

Reference: FP 1362: 55; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 349. 


$


 Bignonia callistegioides Cham.


Bignonia callistegioides Cham. = Clytostoma callistegioides (Cham.) Bureau ex Griseb.

$


 Bignonia campanulata Cham.


Bignonia campanulata Cham. = Clytostoma campanulatum (Cham.) Bureau & K. Schum.

$


 Bignonia candicans Richard


Bignonia candicans Richard = Arrabidaea candicans (Richard) A. DC.

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1982: 79. 


$


 Bignonia capensis Thunb.


Bignonia capensis Thunb. = Tecoma capensis (Thunb.) Lindl.

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1977: 162. 


$


 Bignonia castaneaefolia (D. Don) A. DC.


Bignonia castaneaefolia (D. Don) A. DC. = Tecoma castanifolia (D. Don) Melch.

Reference: FP 1362: 80; Gentry, A. H., 1992: 278. 


$


 Bignonia chica Bonpl. in Humb. & Bonpl.


Bignonia chica Bonpl. in Humb. & Bonpl. = Arrabidaea chica (Bonpl. in Humb. & Bonpl.) Verl.

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1982: 85. 


$


 Bignonia chrysantha Jacq.


Bignonia chrysantha Jacq. = Tabebuia chrysantha (Jacq.) Nicholson subsp. chrysantha 

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1992: 165. 


$


 Bignonia chrysoleuca Kunth


Bignonia chrysoleuca Kunth = Anemopaegma chrysoleucum (Kunth) Sandwith

Reference: FP 1362: 36; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 49. 


$


 Bignonia cinnamomea A. DC.


Bignonia cinnamomea A. DC. = Arrabidaea cinnamomea (A. DC.) Sandwith

Reference: FP 1362: 19. 


$


 Bignonia clematis Kunth


Bignonia clematis Kunth = Pleonotoma clematis (Kunth) Miers

Reference: FP 1362: 70. 
Note: NN  


$


 Bignonia copaia Aubl.


Bignonia copaia Aubl. = Jacaranda copaia subsp. copaia 

Reference: FP 1362: 24; Gentry, A. H., 1992: 68. 


$


 Bignonia corallina Jacq.


Bignonia corallina Jacq. = Arrabidaea corallina (Jacq.) Sandwith

Reference: FP 1362: 19; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 89. 


$


 Bignonia corymbifera Vahl


Bignonia corymbifera Vahl = Lundia corymbifera (Vahl) Sandwith

Reference: FP 1362: 59; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 217. 


$


 Bignonia crucigera L.


Bignonia crucigera L. = Pithecoctenium crucigerum (L.) A.H. Gentry

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1982: 302. 


$


 Bignonia echinata Jacq.


Bignonia echinata Jacq. = Pithecoctenium crucigerum (L.) A.H. Gentry

Reference: FP 1362: 44; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 302. 


$


 Bignonia elongata Vahl


Bignonia elongata Vahl = Distictella elongata (Vahl) Urb.

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1982: 174. 


$


 Bignonia flavida A. DC.


Bignonia flavida A. DC. = Memora flavida (A. DC.) Bureau & K. Schum.

Reference: FP 1362: 67; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 269. 


$


 Bignonia fulva Cav.


Bignonia fulva Cav. = Tecoma fulva (Cav.) G. Don

Reference: FP 1362: 81; Gentry, A. H., 1992: 279. 


$


 Bignonia guarume Dombey ex A. P. de Candolle, nom. nud., pro syn.


Bignonia guarume Dombey ex A. P. de Candolle, nom. nud., pro syn. = Tecoma guarume A. DC.

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1992: 281. 


$


 Bignonia hymenaea A. DC.


Bignonia hymenaea A. DC. = Mansoa hymenaea (A. DC.) A.H. Gentry

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1982: 236. 


$


 Bignonia impressa Rusby


Bignonia impressa Rusby = Adenocalymma impressum (Rusby) Sandwith

Reference: FP 1362: 32; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 24. 


$


 Bignonia inaequalis DC. ex Splitgerber


Bignonia inaequalis DC. ex Splitgerber = Arrabidaea inaequalis (DC. ex Splitgerber) Schumann

Reference: FP 1362: 21; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 100. 


$


 Bignonia kerere Aubl.


Bignonia kerere Aubl. = Mansoa kerere (Aubl.) A.H. Gentry

Reference: FP 1362: 34; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 239. 


$


 Bignonia latifolia Richard


Bignonia latifolia Richard = Callichlamys latifolia (Richard) Schum.

Reference: FP 1362: 56; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 121. 


$


 Bignonia leucantha Vell.


Bignonia leucantha Vell. = Sparattosperma leucanthum (Vell.) Schumann

Reference: FP 1362: 91; Gentry, A. H., 1992: 116. 


$


 Bignonia longa Vell.


Bignonia longa Vell. = Lundia cordata A. DC.

Reference: FP 1362: 58. 
Note: NN  


$


 Bignonia longiflora Cav.


Bignonia longiflora Cav. = Macranthisiphon longiflorus (Cav.) Schum.

Reference: FP 1362: 48; Gentry, A. H., 1977: 90. 


$


 Bignonia magnoliaefolia Kunth


Bignonia magnoliaefolia Kunth = Distictella magnoliifolia (Kunth) Sandwith

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1982: 177. 


$


 Bignonia melioides S. Moore


Bignonia melioides S. Moore = Pleonotoma melioides (S. Moore) A.H. Gentry

$


 Bignonia meyeniana Schauer


Bignonia meyeniana Schauer = Tecoma fulva (Cav.) G. Don

Reference: FP 1362: 81; Gentry, A. H., 1992: 279. 


$


 Bignonia obliqua Kunth


Bignonia obliqua Kunth = Arrabidaea corallina (Jacq.) Sandwith

Reference: FP 1362: 19; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 89. 


$


 Bignonia obovata Hook. & Arn.


Bignonia obovata Hook. & Arn. = Stemmadenia obovata (Hook. & Arn.) K. Schum.

Reference: Allorge, L., 1985: 42. 
Note: Synonym of Stemmadenia obovata (Hooker & Arnott) Schumann (Apocynaceae)  


$


 Bignonia paniculata L.


Bignonia paniculata L. = Amphilophium paniculatum var. molle (Schltdl. & Cham.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1362: 54; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 33. 


$


 Bignonia pannosa A. DC.


Bignonia pannosa A. DC. = Amphilophium pannosum (A. DC.) Bureau & K. Schum.

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1982: 39. 


$


 Bignonia patellifera Schltdl.


Bignonia patellifera Schltdl. = Arrabidaea patellifera (Schltdl.) Sandwith

Reference: FP 1362: 27; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 111. 


$


 Bignonia pearcei Rusby


Bignonia pearcei Rusby = Arrabidaea pearcei (Rusby) Schum. ex Urb.

Reference: FP 1362: 22; Gentry, A. H., 1977: 40. 


$


 Bignonia perforata Cham.


Bignonia perforata Cham. = Stizophyllum riparium (Kunth) Sandwith

Reference: FP 1362: 55. 


$


 Bignonia platyphylla Cham.


Bignonia platyphylla Cham. = Arrabidaea brachypoda (A. DC.) Bureau

Reference: FP 1362: 18; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 78. 


$


 Bignonia pratensis Poepp. ex Bureau & K. Schum.


Bignonia pratensis Poepp. ex Bureau & K. Schum. = Xylophragma pratense (Bureau & Schumann ex Schumann) Sprague

Reference: FP 1362: 65. 


$


 Bignonia prieurei A. DC.


Bignonia prieurei A. DC. = Mussatia prieurei (A. DC.) Bureau ex Schumann

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1982: 282. 


$


 Bignonia pubescens L.


Bignonia pubescens L. = Arrabidaea pubescens (L.) A.H. Gentry

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1982: 113. 


$


 Bignonia purpurea Lodd. ex Hook. f.


Bignonia purpurea Lodd. ex Hook. f. = Clytostoma binatum (Thunb.) Sandwith

Reference: FP 1362: 38; Gentry, A. H., 1977: 51. 


$


 Bignonia pyramidata Richard


Bignonia pyramidata Richard = Paragonia pyramidata (Richard) Bureau

Reference: FP 1362: 46; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 287. 


$


 Bignonia quadrivalvis Jacq.


Bignonia quadrivalvis Jacq. = Melloa quadrivalvis (Jacq.) A.H. Gentry

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1982: 253. 


$


 Bignonia quinquefolia Vell.


Bignonia quinquefolia Vell. = Cybistax antisyphilitica (Mart.) C. Mart. ex DC.

Reference: FP 1362: 90; Gentry, A. H., 1992: 26. 


$


 Bignonia radiata L.


Bignonia radiata L. = Argylia radiata (L.) D. Don

Reference: FP 1362: 77; Gentry, A. H., 1992: 9. 


$


 Bignonia radicans L.


Bignonia radicans L. = Campsis radicans Seem.

Reference: FP 1362: 78. 


$


 Bignonia riparia Kunth


Bignonia riparia Kunth = Stizophyllum riparium (Kunth) Sandwith

Reference: FP 1362: 55; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 349. 


$


 Bignonia rodigasiana L. Lindley


Bignonia rodigasiana L. Lindley = Macfadyena unguis-cati (L.) A.H. Gentry

$


 Bignonia roseo-alba Ridl.


Bignonia roseo-alba Ridl. = Tabebuia roseo-alba (Ridl.) Sandwith

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1992: 251. 


$


 Bignonia rusbyi Britton ex Rusby


Bignonia rusbyi Britton ex Rusby = Distictella magnoliifolia (Kunth) Sandwith

Reference: FP 1362: 45; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 177. 


$


 Bignonia selloi Sprengel


Bignonia selloi Sprengel = Arrabidaea selloi (Sprengel) Sandwith

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1982: 116. 


$


 Bignonia serratifolia Vahl


Bignonia serratifolia Vahl = Tabebuia serratifolia (Vahl) Nicholson

Reference: FP 1362: 89; Gentry, A. H., 1992: 254. 


$


 Bignonia stans L.


Bignonia stans L. = Tecoma stans (L.) Jussieu ex Humboldt, Bonpland & Kunth var. stans 

Reference: FP 1362: 84; Gentry, A. H., 1992: 285. 


$


 Bignonia tenuiflora A. DC.


Bignonia tenuiflora A. DC. = Tecoma tenuiflora (A. DC.) Fabris

Reference: FP 1362: 82; Gentry, A. H., 1992: 291. 
Note: NN  


$


 Bignonia tetragonoloba Jacq.


Bignonia tetragonoloba Jacq. = Ceratophytum tetragonolobum (Jacq.) Sprague & Sandwith

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1982: 129. 


$


 Bignonia triflora Pav. ex A. DC.


Bignonia triflora Pav. ex A. DC. = Coutarea hexandra (Jacq.) K. Schum.

Reference: FP 1365: 54. 
Note: Syn. of Coutarea hexandra (Jacquin) K. Schumann (Rubiaceae).  


$


 Bignonia umbrosa Kunth


Bignonia umbrosa Kunth = Lundia corymbifera (Vahl) Sandwith

Reference: FP 1362: 59; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 217. 


$


 Bignonia uncata Andrews


Bignonia uncata Andrews = Macfadyena uncata (Andrews) Sprague & Sandwith

Reference: FP 1362: 71; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 227. 


$


 Bignonia unguis-cati L.


Bignonia unguis-cati L. = Macfadyena unguis-cati (L.) A.H. Gentry

Reference: FP 1362: 72; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 229. 


$


 Bignonia variabilis Jacq.


Bignonia variabilis Jacq. = Pleonotoma variabilis (Jacq.) Miers

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1982: 315. 


$


 Bignonia venusta Ker-Gawler


Bignonia venusta Ker-Gawler = Pyrostegia venusta (Ker-Gawler) Miers

Reference: FP 1362: 57; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 327. 


$


 Bignonia verrucifera Schltdl.


Bignonia verrucifera Schltdl. = Mansoa verrucifera (Schltdl.) A.H. Gentry

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1982: 245. 


$


 Bignonia viridiflora Loddiges


Bignonia viridiflora Loddiges = Cybistax antisyphilitica (Mart.) C. Mart. ex DC.

Reference: FP 1362: 90; Gentry, A. H., 1992: 26. 


$


 Bihai marginata Griggs


Bihai marginata Griggs = Heliconia marginata (Griggs) Pittier

$


 Billardiera paniculata Vahl


Billardiera paniculata Vahl = Coussarea paniculata (Vahl) Standl.

Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1967: 367. 


$


 Billbergia baraquiniana Lem.


Billbergia baraquiniana Lem. = Billbergia decora Poepp. & Endl.

Reference: Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 2021. 
Note: nom. nud.  


$


 Billbergia boliviensis Baker


Billbergia boliviensis Baker = Billbergia decora Poepp. & Endl.

Reference: FP 1179: 584; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 2021. 


$


 Billbergia chantinii Carri&egrave;re


Billbergia chantinii Carri&egrave;re = Aechmea chantinii fo. chantinii 

Reference: Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1896. 


$


 Billbergia contracta Mart. ex Schult. f.


Billbergia contracta Mart. ex Schult. f. = Aechmea contracta (Mart. ex Schult. f.) Baker

Reference: FP 1179: 590; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1893. 


$


 Billbergia corymbosa Mart. ex Schult.f.


Billbergia corymbosa Mart. ex Schult.f. = Aechmea corymbosa (Mart. ex Schult.f.) Mez

Reference: Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1785. 


$


 Billbergia decora Poepp. & Endl.



Billbergia decora Poepp. & Endl.

Synonyms: Billbergia decora Baker, Billbergia decora Lem., Billbergia decora Lem.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1179: 584; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 2021. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (W lost), Killip & Smith 27646 (US!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Billbergia formosa Ule



Billbergia formosa Ule

Reference: Flora Peru: 1179: 585; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 2018. 
Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ule 60-P* (B photo F), D&iacute;az et al. 1086 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Billbergia incarnata (Ruiz & Pav.) Schult.f.



Billbergia incarnata (Ruiz & Pav.) Schult.f.

Synonyms: Billbergia incarnata Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1179: 585; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 2016. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Vargas & Fern&aacute;ndez 50 (US!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Billbergia lanuginosa hort. ex Beer


Billbergia lanuginosa hort. ex Beer = Aechmea nudicaulis (L.) Griseb. var. nudicaulis 

Reference: FP 1179: 590; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1923. 
Note: nom. nud.  


$


 Billbergia lutea Roem. & Schult.


Billbergia lutea Roem. & Schult. = Aechmea nudicaulis (L.) Griseb. var. nudicaulis 

Reference: FP 1179: 590; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1880. 
Note: NN  


$


 Billbergia nudicaulis (L.) Lindl.


Billbergia nudicaulis (L.) Lindl. = Aechmea nudicaulis (L.) Griseb. var. nudicaulis 

Reference: FP 1179: 590; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1923. 


$


 Billbergia oblonga Mart.


Billbergia oblonga Mart. = Aechmea nudicaulis var. cuspidata Baker

Reference: FP 1179: 590; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1924. 
Note: NN  


$


 Billbergia paniculata Mart. ex Schult.f.


Billbergia paniculata Mart. ex Schult.f. = Aechmea penduliflora Andr&eacute;

Reference: FP 1179: 589; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1855. 


$


 Billbergia quadricolor hort. ex Baker


Billbergia quadricolor hort. ex Baker = Aechmea nudicaulis (L.) Griseb. var. nudicaulis 

Reference: FP 1179: 590; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1923. 


$


 Billbergia robertreadii E. Gross & Rauh



Billbergia robertreadii E. Gross & Rauh

Reference: Rauh, W., 1987: 89. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Rauh 26163* (HEID)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Billbergia stenopetala Harms



Billbergia stenopetala Harms

Reference: Flora Peru: 1179: 585; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 2016. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Tessmann 3060* (B photo F!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Billbergia tessmannii Harms



Billbergia tessmannii Harms

Reference: Flora Peru: 1179: 584; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 2018. 
Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Tessmann 5318* (B photo F!), Klug 1324 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Billbergia tillandsioides C. Mart. ex Schult. & Schult.f.


Billbergia tillandsioides C. Mart. ex Schult. & Schult.f. = Aechmea tillandsioides (C. Mart. ex Schult. & Schult.f.) Baker

Reference: Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1902; Luther, pers. comm.. 


$


 Binaria confertiflora (Benth.) Schmitz


Binaria confertiflora (Benth.) Schmitz = Bauhinia confertiflora Benth.

$


 Binaria herrerae (Britton & Rose) Schmitz


Binaria herrerae (Britton & Rose) Schmitz = Bauhinia herrerae (Britton & Rose) Standl. & Steyerm.

$


 Binaria kunthiana (Vogel) Schmitz


Binaria kunthiana (Vogel) Schmitz = Bauhinia guianensis var. kunthiana (Vogel) Wunderlin

Note: NN  


$


 Binaria longipetala (Benth.) Schmitz


Binaria longipetala (Benth.) Schmitz = Bauhinia glabra Jacq.

$


 Binaria rutilans (Spruce ex Benth.) Schmitz


Binaria rutilans (Spruce ex Benth.) Schmitz = Bauhinia rutilans Spruce ex Benth.

$


 Binghamia acanthura (Vaupel) Borg


Binghamia acanthura (Vaupel) Borg = Cleistocactus acanthurus (Vaupel) D.R. Hunt

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1455. 


$


 Binghamia acrantha (Vaupel) Britton & Rose


Binghamia acrantha (Vaupel) Britton & Rose = Haageocereus limensis (Salm-Dyck) F. Ritter

Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1920: 168; Rauh, W., 1958: 374. 


$


 Binghamia aurivilla (K. Schum.) Backeb.


Binghamia aurivilla (K. Schum.) Backeb. = Cleistocactus icosagonus (Kunth) A. Weber

$


 Binghamia australis (Backeb.) Werdermann


Binghamia australis (Backeb.) Werdermann = Haageocereus australis Backeb.

$


 Binghamia chosicensis (Werdermann & Backeberg) J. West


Binghamia chosicensis (Werdermann & Backeberg) J. West = Haageocereus multangularis (Haw.) F. Ritter

$


 Binghamia climaxantha Werdermann


Binghamia climaxantha Werdermann = XHaagespostoa climaxantha (Werdermann) G.D. Rowley

Reference: Werdermann, E., 1937: 4; Croizat, L., 1942: 148; Rowley, G. D., 1982: 76. 


$


 Binghamia decumbens (Vaupel) Werdermann


Binghamia decumbens (Vaupel) Werdermann = Haageocereus decumbens (Vaupel) Backeb.

$


 Binghamia eriotricha (Werdermann & Backeberg) Borg


Binghamia eriotricha (Werdermann & Backeberg) Borg = Cleistocactus acanthurus (Vaupel) D.R. Hunt

$


 Binghamia humboldtii (Kunth) Backeb.


Binghamia humboldtii (Kunth) Backeb. = Cleistocactus icosagonus (Kunth) A. Weber

Reference: Rauh, W., 1958: 324; Madsen, J. E., 1989: 16. 


$


 Binghamia icosagona (Kunth) Backeb.


Binghamia icosagona (Kunth) Backeb. = Cleistocactus icosagonus (Kunth) A. Weber

Reference: Madsen, J. E., 1989: 16. 


$


 Binghamia laredensis (Backeb.) Werdermann


Binghamia laredensis (Backeb.) Werdermann = Haageocereus pacalaensis Backeb.

$


 Binghamia melanostele (Vaupel) Britton & Rose


Binghamia melanostele (Vaupel) Britton & Rose = Espostoa melanostele (Vaupel) Borg

Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1920: 167. 


$


 Binghamia multangularis (Willd.) Britton & Rose


Binghamia multangularis (Willd.) Britton & Rose = Haageocereus multangularis (Haw.) F. Ritter

Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1923: 279; Ritter, F., 1981: 1400. 
Note: Treated under H. multangularis var. multangularis by Ritter (1981).  


$


 Binghamia multangularis var. limensis (Salm-Dyck) Borg


Binghamia multangularis var. limensis (Salm-Dyck) Borg = Haageocereus limensis (Salm-Dyck) F. Ritter

$


 Binghamia olowinskiana (Backeb.) W.T. Marshall


Binghamia olowinskiana (Backeb.) W.T. Marshall = Haageocereus limensis (Salm-Dyck) F. Ritter

$


 Binghamia pacalaensis (Backeb.) Werdermann


Binghamia pacalaensis (Backeb.) Werdermann = Haageocereus pacalaensis Backeb.

$


 Binghamia plagiostoma (Vaupel) Backeb.


Binghamia plagiostoma (Vaupel) Backeb. = Borzicactus plagiostoma (Vaupel) Britton & Rose

$


 Binghamia platinospina (Werdermann & Backeberg) Werdermann


Binghamia platinospina (Werdermann & Backeberg) Werdermann = Haageocereus platinospinus (Werdermann & Backeberg) Backeb.

$


 Binghamia pseudomelanostele (Werdermann & Backeberg) Backeb.


Binghamia pseudomelanostele (Werdermann & Backeberg) Backeb. = Haageocereus multangularis (Haw.) F. Ritter

$


 Binghamia versicolor (Werdermann & Backeberg) J. West


Binghamia versicolor (Werdermann & Backeberg) J. West = Haageocereus versicolor (Werdermann & Backeberg) Backeb.

$


 Biophytum amazonicum R. Knuth



Biophytum amazonicum R. Knuth

Reference: Flora Peru: 643: 602; Knuth, R., 1930: 416. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Tessmann s.n.* (B)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Biophytum dendroides (Kunth) DC.



Biophytum dendroides (Kunth) DC.

Synonyms: Biophytum dendroides Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 643: 602; Lourteig, A., 1980: 827. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Included in the Flora of Peru as expected; Lourtieg (1980) lists its range as Mexico to Ecuador.  


$


 Biophytum foxii Sprague



Biophytum foxii Sprague

Reference: Flora Peru: 643: 603; Knuth, R., 1930: 416. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Fox s.n.* , Ayala 3205 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Biophytum globuliflorum R. Knuth



Biophytum globuliflorum R. Knuth

Reference: Flora Peru: 643: 603; Knuth, R., 1930: 403. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Tessman 4037* (B), Tessmann 3886 
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Biophytum juninense R. Knuth



Biophytum juninense R. Knuth

Reference: Flora Peru: 643: 604. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 26755* 
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Biophytum peruvianum R. Knuth



Biophytum peruvianum R. Knuth

Reference: Flora Peru: 643: 604; Knuth, R., 1930: 402. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas. 0-1500 m. 
Note: Despite the name, the type is from Bolivia. 
Voucher: Mathias & Taylor 5344 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Biophytum somnians (C. Martius & Zuccarini ex Zuccarini) R. Knuth



Biophytum somnians (C. Martius & Zuccarini ex Zuccarini) R. Knuth

Synonyms: Biophytum somnians C. Martius & Zuccarini ex Zuccarini
Reference: Flora Peru: 643: 605; Knuth, R., 1930: 416. 
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests on white sand, riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Criollo 1791 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Biophytum soukupii Lourteig



Biophytum soukupii Lourteig

Reference: Lourteig, A., 1980: 833. 
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, rocky slopes. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 7640* (MO!), Schunke 6546 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Biophytum tessmannii R. Knuth



Biophytum tessmannii R. Knuth

Reference: Flora Peru: 643: 605; Knuth, R., 1930: 404; Lourteig, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Tessmann 4741* (B, destroyed)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Bisboeckelera irrigua (Nees) Kuntze



Bisboeckelera irrigua (Nees) Kuntze

Synonyms: Bisboeckelera irrigua Nees
Reference: Koyama, T., 1967: 38. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 8016 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Biscutella chilensis Lag. ex DC.


Biscutella chilensis Lag. ex DC. = Cremolobus chilensis (Lag. ex DC.) DC.

Reference: Khanna, K. R. & R. C. Rollins, 1965: 148. 


$


 Biscutella peruviana Lam.


Biscutella peruviana Lam. = Cremolobus peruvianus (Lam.) DC.

Reference: FP 614: 943; Khanna, K. R. & R. C. Rollins, 1965: 145. 


$


 Biscutella suffruticosa DC.


Biscutella suffruticosa DC. = Cremolobus suffruticosus (DC.) D.C.

Reference: Khanna, K. R. & R. C. Rollins, 1965: 147. 


$


 Bishopanthus soliceps H. Rob.



Bishopanthus soliceps H. Rob.

Reference: Robinson, H., 1983: 63. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: King & Bishop 9280* (US!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Bixa arborea Huber



Bixa arborea Huber

$


 Bixa excelsa Gleason & Krukoff



Bixa excelsa Gleason & Krukoff

Reference: Flora Peru: 732: 11. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Young 168 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Bixa odorata Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don


Bixa odorata Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don = Bixa orellana L.

Reference: FP 732: 11; Molau, U., 1983: 4. 


$


 Bixa orellana L.



Bixa orellana L.

Synonyms: Bixa orellana Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don
Reference: Flora Peru: 732: 11; Molau, U., 1983: 4. 
Ecology: Cultivated shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Smith 4069 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Bixa orellana var. urucurana (Willd.) Kuntze ex Pilg.


Bixa orellana var. urucurana (Willd.) Kuntze ex Pilg. = Bixa urucurana Willd.

Reference: FP 725: 12; Molau, U., 1983: 5. 


$


 Bixa platycarpa Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don



Bixa platycarpa Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don

Reference: Flora Peru: 732: 12; Molau, U., 1983: 5. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Kayap 825 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Bixa sphaerocarpa Triana


Bixa sphaerocarpa Triana = Bixa urucurana Willd.

Reference: FP 732: 12; Molau, U., 1983: 5. 


$


 Bixa urucurana Willd.



Bixa urucurana Willd.

Synonyms: Bixa urucurana (Willd.) Kuntze ex Pilg., Bixa urucurana Triana
Reference: Flora Peru: 732: 12; Molau, U., 1983: 5. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 31432 (F!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.


$


 Blakea boliviensis (Cogn. ex Harms) Kuntze


Blakea boliviensis (Cogn. ex Harms) Kuntze = Topobea multiflora (D. Don) Triana

Reference: FP 761: 512; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 380. 


$


 Blakea bracteata Gleason



Blakea bracteata Gleason

$


 Blakea bracteata Gleason subsp.bracteata



Blakea bracteata Gleason subsp. bracteata 

Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 367. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: McDaniel & Rimachi 17142 (AMAZ!, US!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Blakea brasiliensis Cogn.



Blakea brasiliensis Cogn.

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 510. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Blakea calycanthus Markgr.


Blakea calycanthus Markgr. = Blakea rosea (Ruiz & Pav.) D. Don

Reference: FP 761: 514; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 374. 


$


 Blakea caudata Triana


Blakea caudata Triana = Blakea rosea (Ruiz & Pav.) D. Don

Reference: FP 761: 514; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 374. 


$


 Blakea chanchamayensis J.F. Macbr.


Blakea chanchamayensis J.F. Macbr. = Blakea latifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) D. Don

Reference: FP 761: 511. 


$


 Blakea ciliata Markgr.



Blakea ciliata Markgr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 511; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 369. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Tessmann 4200* (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto.


$


 Blakea gracilis Hemsl.



Blakea gracilis Hemsl.

$


 Blakea hirsuta Berg ex Triana



Blakea hirsuta Berg ex Triana

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 511. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 2042* (US), Tunqui 129 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Blakea hirsuta var. hirsutissima J.F. Macbr.


Blakea hirsuta var. hirsutissima J.F. Macbr. = Blakea hirsutissima (J.F. Macbr.) Wurdack

Reference: FP 761: 511. 


$


 Blakea hirsutissima (J.F. Macbr.) Wurdack



Blakea hirsutissima (J.F. Macbr.) Wurdack

Synonyms: Blakea hirsutissima J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1972: 207. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Tessmann 4493* , Schunke 4293 (US)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Blakea incerta J.F. Macbr.


Blakea incerta J.F. Macbr. = Blakea repens (Ruiz & Pav.) D. Don

Reference: FP 761: 514; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 356. 


$


 Blakea latifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) D. Don



Blakea latifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) D. Don

Synonyms: Blakea latifolia J.F. Macbr., Blakea latifolia Naudin, Blakea latifolia Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 511. 
Ecology. 500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* , Woytkowski 7482 (US!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Blakea mexiae Gleason



Blakea mexiae Gleason

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 512. 
Ecology: Native tree, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Mexia 8307* (MO!), Berlin 369 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Blakea multiflora D. Don


Blakea multiflora D. Don = Topobea multiflora (D. Don) Triana

Reference: FP 761: 512; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 380. 


$


 Blakea ovalis (Ruiz & Pav.) D. Don



Blakea ovalis (Ruiz & Pav.) D. Don

Synonyms: Blakea ovalis Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 513. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (US!), McDaniel & Rimachi 18437 (US!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto.


$


 Blakea paludosa Gleason



Blakea paludosa Gleason

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 513. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean II: disturbed areas. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 25671* (US!), Woytkowski 5567 (US!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Pasco.


$


 Blakea portentosa Wurdack



Blakea portentosa Wurdack

Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 373. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb, shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 804 (US!, USM!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Blakea repens (Ruiz & Pav.) D. Don



Blakea repens (Ruiz & Pav.) D. Don

Synonyms: Blakea repens J.F. Macbr., Blakea repens Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 514; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 356. 
Ecology. 1000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Foster et al. 7726 (US!), Foster et al. 7726 US!
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Blakea rosea (Ruiz & Pav.) D. Don



Blakea rosea (Ruiz & Pav.) D. Don

Synonyms: Blakea rosea Markgr., Blakea rosea Ruiz & Pav., Blakea rosea Triana
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 514; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 374. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* , Ayala 2364 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto.


$


 Blakea rostrata Berg ex Triana



Blakea rostrata Berg ex Triana

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 515. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Lechler 2401* (US), Vargas 11795 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Puno.


$


 Blakea rotundifolia D. Don



Blakea rotundifolia D. Don

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 515. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Blakea sawadae J.F. Macbr.



Blakea sawadae J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 515; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 373. 
Ecology. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 26086 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco, Puno.


$


 Blakea sessiliflora Naudin


Blakea sessiliflora Naudin = Blakea latifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) D. Don

Reference: FP 761: 511. 


$


 Blakea spruceana Cogn.



Blakea spruceana Cogn.

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 516; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 370. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 34528 (US!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Blakea standleyana J.F. Macbr.



Blakea standleyana J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 516. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Mexia 8307* (UC)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Blakea villosa Cogn.



Blakea villosa Cogn.

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 516. 
Ecology. 1500-2000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 5032* 
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Blechum brownei fo. brownei


Blechum brownei fo. brownei = Blechum pyramidatum (Lam.) Urb.

Reference: Gibson, D. N., 1974: 342; Wasshausen, pers. comm.. 


$


 Blechum brownei fo. puberulum Leonard


Blechum brownei fo. puberulum Leonard = Blechum pyramidatum (Lam.) Urb.

Reference: Leonard, E. C., 1951: 60; Wasshausen, pers. comm.. 


$


 Blechum brownei Juss.


Blechum brownei Juss. = Blechum pyramidatum (Lam.) Urb.

Reference: Gibson, D. N., 1974: 342; Wasshausen, pers. comm.. 


$


 Blechum pyramidatum (Lam.) Urb.



Blechum pyramidatum (Lam.) Urb.

Synonyms: Blechum pyramidatum, Blechum pyramidatum Juss., Blechum pyramidatum Lam., Blechum pyramidatum Leonard
Reference: Durkee, L. H., 1986: 32; Wasshausen, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests on white sand, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison 1434 (US!, USM)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes, Ucayali.


$


 Blepharitheca floribunda (A. DC.) Pichon


Blepharitheca floribunda (A. DC.) Pichon = Cuspidaria floribunda (A. DC.) A.H. Gentry

Reference: FP 1362: 23. 


$


 Blepharocalyx eggersii (Kiaersk.) Landrum



Blepharocalyx eggersii (Kiaersk.) Landrum

Synonyms: Blepharocalyx eggersii Kiaersk.
Reference: Landrum, L. R., 1986: 121. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez et al. 13774 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Blepharocalyx salicifolius (Kunth) O. Berg



Blepharocalyx salicifolius (Kunth) O. Berg

Synonyms: Blepharocalyx salicifolius Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 760: 810; Landrum, L. R., 1986: 122. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Blepharodon nitidum (Vell.) J.F. Macbr.



Blepharodon nitidum (Vell.) J.F. Macbr.

Synonyms: Blepharodon nitidum Vell.
Reference: Morillo, G., 1976: 116. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 8278 (MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Blepharodon peruvianum Schltr.


Blepharodon peruvianum Schltr. = Vailia mucronata Rusby

Reference: Morillo, G., 1976: 153. 


$


 Blepharodon salicinum Decne.



Blepharodon salicinum Decne.

Synonyms: Blepharodon salicinum (Poepp.) K. Schum. in Engl. & Prantl, nom. superfl., Blepharodon salicinum Poepp.


$


 Blepharodon trivialis (Poepp.) K. Schum. in Engl. & Prantl, nom. superfl.


Blepharodon trivialis (Poepp.) K. Schum. in Engl. & Prantl, nom. superfl. = Blepharodon salicinum Decne.

Reference: Morillo, G., 1976: 153. 


$


 Bletia capitata R. Br.


Bletia capitata R. Br. = Elleanthus capitatus (R. Br.) Rchb. f.

Reference: FP 1438: 53. 


$


 Bletia catenulata Ruiz & Pav.



Bletia catenulata Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Bletia catenulata Barb. Rodr., Bletia catenulata Bateman ex Hook. f., Bletia catenulata Cogn., Bletia catenulata Hort., Bletia catenulata Poepp. & Endl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 562; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Andean II: grasslands. . 
Voucher: Pastorelli illus.  
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Bletia ciliata C. Presl


Bletia ciliata C. Presl = Sobralia ciliata (C. Presl) C. Schweinf. & Foldats

Reference: FP 1510: 3; Garay, L. A., 1978: 114; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Bletia ensiformis Ruiz & Pav.


Bletia ensiformis Ruiz & Pav. = Encyclia cyperifolia (C. Schweinf.) Carnevali & I. Ramirez

Reference: FP 1467: 431, 565. 


$


 Bletia mandonii Schltr.



Bletia mandonii Schltr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 565; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Bletia nodosa (L.) Rchb. f.


Bletia nodosa (L.) Rchb. f. = Brassavola nodosa (L.) Lindl.

Reference: FP 1473: 538; Carnevali, pers. comm.. 
Note: NN  


$


 Bletia parviflora Ruiz & Pav.



Bletia parviflora Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 566. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Bletia purpurea (Lam.) DC.



Bletia purpurea (Lam.) DC.

Synonyms: Bletia purpurea Lam.
Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. . 
Voucher: Pastorelli illus.  


$


 Bletia repanda Ruiz & Pav.



Bletia repanda Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 566. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   Listed in the Flora of Peru as an obscure species. 


$


 Bletia rodriguesii Cogn.


Bletia rodriguesii Cogn. = Bletia catenulata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1473: 562. 


$


 Bletia sanguinea Poepp. & Endl.


Bletia sanguinea Poepp. & Endl. = Bletia catenulata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1473: 562. 


$


 Bletia sherrattiana Bateman ex Hook. f.


Bletia sherrattiana Bateman ex Hook. f. = Bletia catenulata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1473: 562. 


$


 Bletia uniflora Ruiz & Pav.



Bletia uniflora Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 566. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   Listed in the Flora of Peru as an obscure species. 


$


 Bletia venosa Rchb. f.


Bletia venosa Rchb. f. = Brassavola venosa Lindl.

Reference: FP 1473: 538; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Bletia watsoni Hort.


Bletia watsoni Hort. = Bletia catenulata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1473: 562. 


$


 Blochmannia peruviana Poepp. ex Meisn.


Blochmannia peruviana Poepp. ex Meisn. = Triplaris poeppigiana Wedd.

Reference: FP 1251: 467. 


$


 Blochmannia weigeltiana Rechb.


Blochmannia weigeltiana Rechb. = Triplaris weigeltiana (Rechb.) Kuntze

Reference: Brandbyge, J., 1986: 563. 


$


 Blondea latifolia Richard


Blondea latifolia Richard = Sloanea latifolia (Rich.) Schum.

Reference: Smith Jr., C. E., 1954: 80. 


$


 Blotiella lindeniana (Hook.) R.M. Tryon



Blotiella lindeniana (Hook.) R.M. Tryon

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 39. 
Ecology. . 
Voucher: Kanehira 140 (US)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Blumea lyrata (Kunth) V.M. Badillo


Blumea lyrata (Kunth) V.M. Badillo = Blumea viscosa (Mill.) V.M. Badillo

Reference: FP 27926: 20. 


$


 Blumea viscosa (Mill.) D'Arcy


Blumea viscosa (Mill.) D'Arcy = Blumea viscosa (Mill.) V.M. Badillo

Reference: FP 27926: 20. 


$


 Blumea viscosa (Mill.) V.M. Badillo



Blumea viscosa (Mill.) V.M. Badillo

Synonyms: Blumea viscosa (Kunth) Britt. & Millsp., Blumea viscosa (Kunth) Cuatrec., Blumea viscosa (Kunth) V.M. Badillo, Blumea viscosa (Kunth) V.M. Badillo, Blumea viscosa (Mill.) D'Arcy, Blumea viscosa (Mill.) D'Arcy, Blumea viscosa Kunth, Blumea viscosa Mill.
Reference: Flora Peru: 27926: 20. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui & Mostacero 11361 (HUT, MO)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lambayeque.


$


 Blumenbachia grandiflora Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don


Blumenbachia grandiflora Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don = Caiophora contorta (Desrousseaux) C. Presl

Reference: FP 742: 172. 


$


 Blumenbachia micrantha Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don


Blumenbachia micrantha Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don = Klaprothia fasciculata (C. Presl) Poston

Reference: FP 742: 146. 


$


 Blumenbachia pterosperma G. Don


Blumenbachia pterosperma G. Don = Caiophora pterosperma (G. Don) Urb. & Gilg

$


 Blumenbachia punicea G. Don


Blumenbachia punicea G. Don = Loasa punicea (G. Don) Ruiz & Pav. ex A. L&ouml;pez

$


 Blumenbachia sepiaria Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don


Blumenbachia sepiaria Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don = Caiophora sepiaria (G. Don) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 742: 178. 


$


 Boberella peruviana (L.) E. H. L. Krause


Boberella peruviana (L.) E. H. L. Krause = Physalis peruviana L.

$


 Bocagea aromatica (Triana & Planchon) Britton


Bocagea aromatica (Triana & Planchon) Britton = Oxandra espintana (Spruce ex Benth.) Baill.

Reference: FP 1277: 703. 


$


 Bocagea espintana Spruce ex Benth.


Bocagea espintana Spruce ex Benth. = Oxandra espintana (Spruce ex Benth.) Baill.

Reference: FP 1277: 703. 


$


 Bocagea mattogrossensis R.E. Fr.


Bocagea mattogrossensis R.E. Fr. = Bocageopsis mattogrossensis (R.E. Fr.) R.E. Fr.

Reference: FP 26553: 35. 


$


 Bocagea multiflora Mart.


Bocagea multiflora Mart. = Bocageopsis multiflora (Mart.) R. E. Fries

Reference: Maas, P. J. M., E. A. Mennega & L. Y. Th. Westra, 1987: 35. 


$


 Bocageopsis mattogrossensis (R.E. Fr.) R.E. Fr.



Bocageopsis mattogrossensis (R.E. Fr.) R.E. Fr.

Synonyms: Bocageopsis mattogrossensis R.E. Fr.
Reference: Maas, P. J. M., E. A. Mennega & L. Y. Th. Westra, 1987: 35. 
Ecology: Native treelet. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Maas et al. 6242 (MO!, MOL!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Bocageopsis multiflora (Mart.) R. E. Fries



Bocageopsis multiflora (Mart.) R. E. Fries

Synonyms: Bocageopsis multiflora Mart.


$


 Bocconia frutescens L.



Bocconia frutescens L.

Synonyms: Bocconia frutescens Hutchinson
Reference: Gereau, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 1000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 23239 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Bocconia frutescens var. integrifolia Kuntze


Bocconia frutescens var. integrifolia Kuntze = Bocconia integrifolia Humb. & Bonpl.

Reference: FP 612: 935. 


$


 Bocconia integrifolia Humb. & Bonpl.



Bocconia integrifolia Humb. & Bonpl.

Synonyms: Bocconia integrifolia Kuntze, Bocconia integrifolia Standl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 612: 935; Gereau, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native tree. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 1500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Bonpland s.n.* (P-H&B), Metcalf 30516 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad, Pasco, Piura, Puno.


$


 Bocconia macbrideana Standl.


Bocconia macbrideana Standl. = Bocconia integrifolia Humb. & Bonpl.

Reference: FP 612: 935; Gereau, pers. comm.. 


$


 Bocconia pearcei Hutchinson


Bocconia pearcei Hutchinson = Bocconia frutescens L.

Reference: FP 612: 936; Gereau, pers. comm.. 


$


 Bocoa alterna (Benth.) R.S. Cowan



Bocoa alterna (Benth.) R.S. Cowan

Synonyms: Bocoa alterna Benth.
Reference: Cowan, R. S., 1974: 115. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Foster & d'Achille 11933 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Madre de Dios.


$


 Boehmeria angustifolia Kunth


Boehmeria angustifolia Kunth = Phenax angustifolius (Kunth) Wedd.

Reference: FP 1235: 356; Burger, W., 1977: 242. 


$


 Boehmeria anomala (Wedd.) Killip



Boehmeria anomala (Wedd.) Killip

Synonyms: Boehmeria anomala Wedd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1235: 353. 
Ecology: Native shrub, subshrub, tree. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests, rocky slopes. 500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Spruce 3962* (G photo F!), Smith et al. 1574 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Boehmeria aspera (Wedd.) Blume


Boehmeria aspera (Wedd.) Blume = Pouzolzia poeppigiana (Wedd.) Killip

Reference: FP 1235: 365. 


$


 Boehmeria aspera Wedd.



Boehmeria aspera Wedd.

Synonyms: Boehmeria aspera Wedd., Boehmeria aspera Weddell hom. illeg.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1235: 353; Burger, W., 1977: 229. 
Ecology: Native shrub, subshrub, tree. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, riversides. 1000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Davidson & Jones 9135 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Boehmeria ballotaefolia Kunth


Boehmeria ballotaefolia Kunth = Phenax rugosus (Poir.) Wedd.

Reference: FP 1235: 358. 


$


 Boehmeria brevirostris Wedd.



Boehmeria brevirostris Wedd.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1235: 353. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 2039(p.p.)* , Killip & Smith 25168 (US)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Boehmeria caudata Sw.



Boehmeria caudata Sw.

Synonyms: Boehmeria caudata Blume
Reference: Flora Peru: 1235: 354; Burger, W., 1977: 230. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I-II: cloud forests, disturbed areas, forests, rocky slopes. 1000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 36166 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco, Piura, Puno.


$


 Boehmeria discolor Poepp. ex Blume


Boehmeria discolor Poepp. ex Blume = Pouzolzia poeppigiana (Wedd.) Killip

Reference: FP 1235: 365; Killip, E. P., 1931: 347. 


$


 Boehmeria discolor Poepp. ex Wedd.


Boehmeria discolor Poepp. ex Wedd. = Pouzolzia poeppigiana (Wedd.) Killip

Reference: FP 1235: 365; Killip, E. P., 1931: 347. 


$


 Boehmeria diversifolia Weddell hom. illeg.


Boehmeria diversifolia Weddell hom. illeg. = Boehmeria aspera Wedd.

Reference: FP 1235: 353. 


$


 Boehmeria fallax var. cordata Wedd.


Boehmeria fallax var. cordata Wedd. = Boehmeria fallax Wedd.

Reference: FP 1235: 354. 


$


 Boehmeria fallax Wedd.



Boehmeria fallax Wedd.

Synonyms: Boehmeria fallax Wedd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1235: 354. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: forests. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 2036* , Peyton & Peyton 1237 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Boehmeria formicaria Poepp. ex Wedd.


Boehmeria formicaria Poepp. ex Wedd. = Pouzolzia formicaria (Poepp. ex Wedd.) Wedd.

Reference: FP 1235: 364. 


$


 Boehmeria hirta Sw.


Boehmeria hirta Sw. = Phenax hirtus (Sw.) Wedd.

Reference: FP 1235: 357. 


$


 Boehmeria hirta Weddell hom. illeg.


Boehmeria hirta Weddell hom. illeg. = Boehmeria mathewsii Killip

Reference: FP 1235: 355. 


$


 Boehmeria mathewsii Killip



Boehmeria mathewsii Killip

Synonyms: Boehmeria mathewsii Killip hom. illeg., Boehmeria mathewsii Weddell hom. illeg.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1235: 355. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 2039* (p.p.) (K)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Boehmeria obliqua Poepp. ex Wedd.


Boehmeria obliqua Poepp. ex Wedd. = Pouzolzia obliqua (Wedd.) Wedd.

Reference: FP 1235: 365; Killip, E. P., 1960: 194. 


$


 Boehmeria pallida (Rusby) Killip


Boehmeria pallida (Rusby) Killip = Boehmeria pavonii Wedd.

Reference: FP 1235: 355. 


$


 Boehmeria pavonii var. anomala Wedd.


Boehmeria pavonii var. anomala Wedd. = Boehmeria anomala (Wedd.) Killip

Reference: FP 1235: 353. 


$


 Boehmeria pavonii var. diversifolia Wedd.


Boehmeria pavonii var. diversifolia Wedd. = Boehmeria aspera Wedd.

Reference: FP 1235: 353, 355. 


$


 Boehmeria pavonii Wedd.



Boehmeria pavonii Wedd.

Synonyms: Boehmeria pavonii (Rusby) Killip, Boehmeria pavonii Pavon ex Weddell pro syn., Boehmeria pavonii Rusby
Reference: Flora Peru: 1235: 355. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests, riversides, rocky slopes. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz s.n.* (B photo F!), Croat 51130 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Boehmeria peruviana Blume


Boehmeria peruviana Blume = Boehmeria caudata Sw.

Reference: FP 1235: 354. 


$


 Boehmeria ramiflora Jacq.



Boehmeria ramiflora Jacq.

Reference: Burger, W., 1977: 234. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I: disturbed areas. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Croat 57906 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Boehmeria weddelliana Killip hom. illeg.


Boehmeria weddelliana Killip hom. illeg. = Boehmeria mathewsii Killip

Reference: FP 1235: 355. 


$


 Boerhavia adscendens Willd.


Boerhavia adscendens Willd. = Boerhavia coccinea Mill.

Reference: FP 1258: 537. 


$


 Boerhavia caribaea Jacq.


Boerhavia caribaea Jacq. = Boerhavia coccinea Mill.

Reference: FP 1258: 537; Burger, W., 1983: 187. 


$


 Boerhavia chaerophylloides (Sm.) Willd.


Boerhavia chaerophylloides (Sm.) Willd. = Astrephia chaerophylloides (Sm.) DC.

Reference: Eriksen, B., 1989: 6. 
Note: Syn. of Astrephia chaerophylloides (J.E. Smith) DC. (Valerianaceae)  


$


 Boerhavia coccinea Mill.



Boerhavia coccinea Mill.

Synonyms: Boerhavia coccinea Dombey ex Vahl, Boerhavia coccinea Jacq., Boerhavia coccinea Lag. & Rodr., Boerhavia coccinea Rich., Boerhavia coccinea Vahl, Boerhavia coccinea Willd., Boerhavia coccinea Willd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1258: 537. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas, lomas. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui 11365 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Piura, Tacna.


$


 Boerhavia coccinea var. leiocarpa (Heimerl) Standl.


Boerhavia coccinea var. leiocarpa (Heimerl) Standl. = Boerhavia diffusa L.

Reference: FP 1258: 538; Adams, C., 1972: 261. 


$


 Boerhavia decumbens Vahl


Boerhavia decumbens Vahl = Boerhavia coccinea Mill.

Reference: FP 1258: 537. 


$


 Boerhavia diffusa L.



Boerhavia diffusa L.

Synonyms: Boerhavia diffusa (Heim.) Adams, Boerhavia diffusa (Heimerl) Standl., Boerhavia diffusa Heimerl, Boerhavia diffusa Rich.
Reference: Adams, C., 1972: 261. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 0-2500 m. 
Note: Spelled Boerhaavia in the Flora of Peru. 
Voucher: Vargas 401 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Apur&iacute;mac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Boerhavia diffusa var. leiocarpa (Heim.) Adams


Boerhavia diffusa var. leiocarpa (Heim.) Adams = Boerhavia diffusa L.

Reference: FP 1258: 538; Adams, C., 1972: 261. 


$


 Boerhavia erecta L.



Boerhavia erecta L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1258: 538. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I, Coastal: beach, desert, disturbed areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Llatas 579 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lambayeque, Piura, Tumbes.


$


 Boerhavia excelsa Willd.


Boerhavia excelsa Willd. = Commicarpus tuberosus (Lam.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1258: 539. 


$


 Boerhavia hirsuta Willd.


Boerhavia hirsuta Willd. = Boerhavia coccinea Mill.

Reference: FP 1258: 537. 


$


 Boerhavia litoralis Kunth


Boerhavia litoralis Kunth = Commicarpus tuberosus (Lam.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1258: 539. 


$


 Boerhavia paniculata fo. leiocarpa Heimerl


Boerhavia paniculata fo. leiocarpa Heimerl = Boerhavia diffusa L.

Reference: FP 1258: 538; Adams, C., 1972: 261. 


$


 Boerhavia paniculata Rich.


Boerhavia paniculata Rich. = Boerhavia diffusa L.

Reference: FP 1258: 537. 


$


 Boerhavia patula Dombey ex Vahl


Boerhavia patula Dombey ex Vahl = Boerhavia coccinea Mill.

Reference: FP 1258: 537. 


$


 Boerhavia polymorpha Rich.


Boerhavia polymorpha Rich. = Boerhavia coccinea Mill.

Reference: FP 1258: 537. 


$


 Boerhavia scandens L.


Boerhavia scandens L. = Commicarpus scandens (L.) Standl.

Reference: Meikle, R. D., 1978: 245. 


$


 Boerhavia tuberosa Lam.


Boerhavia tuberosa Lam. = Commicarpus tuberosus (Lam.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1258: 539. 


$


 Boerhavia verbenaceae Killip



Boerhavia verbenaceae Killip

Reference: Flora Peru: 1258: 538. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Haught 8* , Haught 229 (US)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Boerhavia viscosa Lag. & Rodr.


Boerhavia viscosa Lag. & Rodr. = Boerhavia coccinea Mill.

Reference: FP 1258: 537. 


$


 Boerhavia weberbaueri Heimerl



Boerhavia weberbaueri Heimerl

Reference: Heimerl, A., 1932: 460. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Coastal: desert. 0-500 m. 
Note: Probably a synonym of Boerhavia verbenacea. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 5933* (B photo F), S&aacute;nchez 3082 (MO!)
Departments: La Libertad, Piura.


$


 Bogenhardia crispa (L.) Kearney


Bogenhardia crispa (L.) Kearney = Herissantia crispa (L.) Brizicky

Reference: FP 1302: 494; Brizicky, G. K., 1968: 279; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 44. 


$


 Bolax cladorrhizus (Ruiz & Pav.) Spreng.


Bolax cladorrhizus (Ruiz & Pav.) Spreng. = Azorella crenata (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Reference: FP 1293: 23; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 12. 


$


 Bolax crenatus (Ruiz & Pav.) Spreng.


Bolax crenatus (Ruiz & Pav.) Spreng. = Azorella crenata (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Reference: FP 1293: 23; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 12. 


$


 Bolax multifidus (Ruiz & Pav.) Spreng. ex Roem. & Schult.


Bolax multifidus (Ruiz & Pav.) Spreng. ex Roem. & Schult. = Azorella multifida (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Reference: FP 1293: 25; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 10. 


$


 Bolboschoenus maritimus (L.) Palla


Bolboschoenus maritimus (L.) Palla = Scirpus maritimus var. maritimus 

Reference: 38299; 935. 


$


 Bolboschoenus maritimus subsp. paludosus (A. Nelson) &aacute;. L&ouml;ve & D. L&ouml;ve


Bolboschoenus maritimus subsp. paludosus (A. Nelson) &aacute;. L&ouml;ve & D. L&ouml;ve = Scirpus maritimus var. digynus Godron

Reference: Davidse, pers. comm.. 


$


 Bolboschoenus maritimus var. paludosus (A. Nelson) K&uuml;k.


Bolboschoenus maritimus var. paludosus (A. Nelson) K&uuml;k. = ?  

Reference: Davidse, pers. comm.. 


$


 Bolivicereus pisacensis Knize


Bolivicereus pisacensis Knize = Corryocactus erectus (Backeb.) F. Ritter

Reference: Knize, K., 1968: 252; 8315; 1281. 


$


 Bolivicereus samaipatanus C&aacute;rdenas


Bolivicereus samaipatanus C&aacute;rdenas = Cleistocactus samaipatensis (C&aacute;rdenas) D.R. Hunt

Reference: Cardenas, M., 1951: 91; Kimnach, M., 1960: 93; Hunt, D., 1992: 37. 


$


 Bolivicereus serpens (H.B.K.) Backeb.


Bolivicereus serpens (H.B.K.) Backeb. = Cleistocactus serpens (Kunth) A. Weber

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1387; Hunt, D., 1992: 37. 


$


 Bolivicereus soukupii Knize


Bolivicereus soukupii Knize = Corryocactus erectus (Backeb.) F. Ritter

Reference: Knize, K., 1968: 252; Hunt, D., 1992: 37. 


$


 Bolivicereus tenuiserpens (Rauh & Backeb.) Backeb.


Bolivicereus tenuiserpens (Rauh & Backeb.) Backeb. = Cleistocactus tenuiserpens Rauh & Backeb.

Reference: Hunt, D., 1992: 37. 


$


 Bollea hirtzii Waldvogel



Bollea hirtzii Waldvogel

Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 12. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Bennett 4487 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Bomarea albimontana D. N. Smith & Gereau



Bomarea albimontana D. N. Smith & Gereau

Reference: Smith, D. N. & R. E. Gereau, 1991: 504. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean III: shrublands. 3500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Smith et al. 12701* (MO!, USM), Smith 8240 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Ancash.


$


 Bomarea amoena (Herbert) M. Roem.



Bomarea amoena (Herbert) M. Roem.

Synonyms: Bomarea amoena Herbert, Bomarea amoena Herbert
Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 658. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: cloud forests. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* , Vargas 3824 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Bomarea ampayesana Vargas



Bomarea ampayesana Vargas

Reference: Vargas C., C., 1943: 130. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: cloud forests, rocky slopes. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 1015* (CUZ), Boeke 3215 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cuzco.


$


 Bomarea anceps (Ruiz & Pav.) Herbert



Bomarea anceps (Ruiz & Pav.) Herbert

Synonyms: Bomarea anceps Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 649; Young, K. R. & B. Le&oacute;n, 1990: 13. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: grasslands, seasonally inundated areas. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* , Young 2490 (F!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Bomarea andimarcana (Herbert) Baker


Bomarea andimarcana (Herbert) Baker = Bomarea crocea (Ruiz & Pav.) Herbert

Reference: FP 1190: 644. 


$


 Bomarea angustissima Killip



Bomarea angustissima Killip

Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 655. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean II-III: forests. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 4409* (F), Stein & Todzia 2043 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Bomarea aurantiaca Herbert



Bomarea aurantiaca Herbert

Synonyms: Bomarea aurantiaca Herbert, Bomarea aurantiaca Kraenzl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 649. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands. 1500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 1160* , N&uacute;&ntilde;ez 8201A (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Puno.


$


 Bomarea ayavacensis Kraenzl.



Bomarea ayavacensis Kraenzl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 657. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 6373* (photo MO)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Bomarea biflora C. Vargas C.



Bomarea biflora C. Vargas C.

Reference: Vargas C., C., 1946: 72. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Bomarea bracteata (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Herbert



Bomarea bracteata (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Herbert

Synonyms: Bomarea bracteata Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 640. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: forests. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* , Johns & Pearsall s.n. (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Bomarea brevis (Herbert) Baker



Bomarea brevis (Herbert) Baker

Synonyms: Bomarea brevis Baker, Bomarea brevis Herbert
Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 646. 
Ecology: Native herb, vine. Andean II-III: grasslands, shrublands. 1500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Young & Sullivan 555 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Puno, Ucayali.


$


 Bomarea campanuliflora Killip



Bomarea campanuliflora Killip

Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 640. 
Ecology. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Raimondi 10229* 
Departments: Puno.


$


 Bomarea campylophylla Killip



Bomarea campylophylla Killip

Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 657. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean II: elfin forests. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4961* , Stein & Todzia 2288 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Bomarea caudata Killip



Bomarea caudata Killip

Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 653. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 7559* (B)
Departments: Ayacucho.


$


 Bomarea cernua Grisebach ex Baker



Bomarea cernua Grisebach ex Baker

Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 650. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean II: cloud forests. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Lechler 2597* , Stein & Todzia 2418A (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Bomarea cerratea Vargas



Bomarea cerratea Vargas

Reference: Vargas C., C., 1954: 153. 
Ecology. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Cerrate & Tovar 1934* (USM)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Bomarea coccinea (Ruiz & Pav.) Baker



Bomarea coccinea (Ruiz & Pav.) Baker

Synonyms: Bomarea coccinea (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Herbert, Bomarea coccinea Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 646. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: riversides. 1000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n. , Stein et al. 3821 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Bomarea cordifolia (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Herb.



Bomarea cordifolia (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Herb.

Synonyms: Bomarea cordifolia Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 660. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (photo MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Bomarea cornigera Herbert



Bomarea cornigera Herbert

Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 647. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   Type locality uncertain, possibly Peru. 
Voucher: Mathews 1659* 


$


 Bomarea cornuta Herb.



Bomarea cornuta Herb.

Synonyms: Bomarea cornuta (Herbert) Baker
Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 657; Young, K. R. & B. Le&oacute;n, 1990: 13. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean I-II: cloud forests, grasslands, rocky slopes. 1000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 1161* , Stein & Todzia 2230 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Bomarea crinita Herbert



Bomarea crinita Herbert

Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 653. 
Ecology. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 1664* , Weberbauer 4434 (MOL!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Bomarea crocea (Ruiz & Pav.) Herbert



Bomarea crocea (Ruiz & Pav.) Herbert

Synonyms: Bomarea crocea (Herbert) Baker, Bomarea crocea (Herbert) M. Roem., Bomarea crocea Herbert, Bomarea crocea Kraenzl., Bomarea crocea Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 644. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands. 3500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* , N&uacute;&ntilde;ez & Arque 8321 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima.


$


 Bomarea cruenta Kraenzl.



Bomarea cruenta Kraenzl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 645. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: bogs. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 4395* (photo & frag. F!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Bomarea cuzcoensis Vargas



Bomarea cuzcoensis Vargas

Reference: Vargas C., C., 1946: 74. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Bomarea declinata (Poepp. & Endl.) Klotzsch ex Kunth



Bomarea declinata (Poepp. & Endl.) Klotzsch ex Kunth

Synonyms: Bomarea declinata Herbert, Bomarea declinata Kraenzl., Bomarea declinata Poepp. & Endl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 662. 
Ecology. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 1586* 
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Bomarea densiflora Herb.



Bomarea densiflora Herb.

Synonyms: Bomarea densiflora Herbert
Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 652. 
Ecology: Native vine. Andean II: elfin forests. 1500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 1667* , Smith & V&aacute;squez 3564 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Piura.


$


 Bomarea densifolia Vargas



Bomarea densifolia Vargas

Reference: Vargas C., C., 1945: 40. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 3000-4000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Vargas 2725* (CUZ, MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Bomarea denticulata (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Herbert



Bomarea denticulata (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Herbert

Synonyms: Bomarea denticulata Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 652. 
Ecology: Native vine. Andean II: forests. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* , Smith 8186 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Pasco.


$


 Bomarea dispar Herbert


Bomarea dispar Herbert = Bomarea declinata (Poepp. & Endl.) Klotzsch ex Kunth

Reference: FP 1190: 662. 


$


 Bomarea distichifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Baker



Bomarea distichifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Baker

Synonyms: Bomarea distichifolia (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Herbert, Bomarea distichifolia Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Gereau, pers. comm. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: cloud forests, grasslands. 1500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* , Foster & Smith 9081 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco, Piura, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Bomarea distichophylla (Ruiz & Pav.) Baker



Bomarea distichophylla (Ruiz & Pav.) Baker

Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 646. 
Note: Hebert (1837) illegitimately "corrected" Ruiz & Pavon's epithet to "distichophylla"; Baker (1882) perpetuated the error when transferring the name to Bomarea.  See Brummit & Taylor, 1990  (Gereau, pers. comm.). 


$


 Bomarea dolichocarpa Killip



Bomarea dolichocarpa Killip

Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 661. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests, lomas. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 26306* , Gentry & Revilla 16237 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes, Ucayali.


$


 Bomarea dulcis (Hooker) Beauverd



Bomarea dulcis (Hooker) Beauverd

Synonyms: Bomarea dulcis (Herbert) M. Roem., Bomarea dulcis (Hooker) Baker, Bomarea dulcis (Hooker) Herbert, Bomarea dulcis (Hooker) M. Roem., Bomarea dulcis Herbert, Bomarea dulcis Hooker, Bomarea dulcis M. Roem., Bomarea dulcis M. Roem.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 642. 
Ecology: Native vine. Andean II-III: rocky slopes, shrublands. 3000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Smith et al. 9769 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Moquegua, Puno.


$


 Bomarea edulis (Tussac) Herb.



Bomarea edulis (Tussac) Herb.

Synonyms: Bomarea edulis Tussac


$


 Bomarea edulis var. cornuta (Herbert) Baker


Bomarea edulis var. cornuta (Herbert) Baker = Bomarea cornuta Herb.

Reference: FP 1190: 657. 


$


 Bomarea edulis var. ovata (Cavanilles) Baker


Bomarea edulis var. ovata (Cavanilles) Baker = Bomarea ovata (Cav.) Mirbel

Reference: FP 1190: 659. 


$



$


 Bomarea endotrachys Kraenzl.


Bomarea endotrachys Kraenzl. = Bomarea purpurea (Ruiz & Pav.) Herb.

Reference: FP 1190: 651. 


$


 Bomarea engleriana Kraenzl.



Bomarea engleriana Kraenzl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 656. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean III: disturbed areas. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 3307* , Gentry et al. 37481 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Pasco.


$


 Bomarea ferreyrae Vargas



Bomarea ferreyrae Vargas

Reference: Vargas C., C., 1954: 153. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 9311* (USM)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Bomarea fiebrigiana Kraenzl.



Bomarea fiebrigiana Kraenzl.

Synonyms: Bomarea fiebrigiana (Kraenzlin) Kraenzl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 641. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Mexia 4258 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Puno.


$


 Bomarea filicaulis Kraenzl.



Bomarea filicaulis Kraenzl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 650. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: grasslands. 3000-3500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 3384* (B photo F!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Bomarea fimbriata (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Herbert


Bomarea fimbriata (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Herbert = Bomarea rosea (Ruiz & Pav.) Herbert

Reference: FP 1190: 648. 


$


 Bomarea fimbriata var. paltarumensis Herbert


Bomarea fimbriata var. paltarumensis Herbert = Bomarea sanguinea Kraenzl.

Reference: FP 1190: 654. 


$


 Bomarea formosissima (Ruiz & Pav.) Herb.



Bomarea formosissima (Ruiz & Pav.) Herb.

Synonyms: Bomarea formosissima Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 654. 
Ecology: Native vine. Andean II-III: shrublands. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* , Smith & Pretel 1534 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Pasco, Puno.


$


 Bomarea glaucescens (Kunth) Baker



Bomarea glaucescens (Kunth) Baker

Synonyms: Bomarea glaucescens Kunth


$


 Bomarea glaucescens var. dulcis (Hooker) Baker


Bomarea glaucescens var. dulcis (Hooker) Baker = Bomarea dulcis (Hooker) Beauverd

Reference: FP 1190: 642. 


$


 Bomarea glaucescens var. puberula (Herbert) Baker


Bomarea glaucescens var. puberula (Herbert) Baker = Bomarea puberula (Herbert) Kraenzl.

Reference: FP 1190: 641. 


$


 Bomarea glomerata Herbert


Bomarea glomerata Herbert = Bomarea setacea (Ruiz & Pav.) Herb.

Reference: FP 1190: 651. 


$


 Bomarea glomerata var. longifolia M. Roem.


Bomarea glomerata var. longifolia M. Roem. = Bomarea purpurea (Ruiz & Pav.) Herb.

Reference: FP 1190: 651. 


$


 Bomarea grandifolia (Kunth) Herbert


Bomarea grandifolia (Kunth) Herbert = Bomarea latifolia (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Herbert

Reference: FP 1190: 660. 


$


 Bomarea herrerae Vargas



Bomarea herrerae Vargas

Reference: Vargas C., C., 1945: 40. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean III: forests. 3500-4000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Vargas 2258* (CUZ, MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Bomarea hookeriana Herbert



Bomarea hookeriana Herbert

Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 660. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean I: grasslands. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* , Schunke 6229 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Bomarea involucrosa (Herbert) Baker



Bomarea involucrosa (Herbert) Baker

Synonyms: Bomarea involucrosa (Herbert) M. Roem., Bomarea involucrosa Beauverd, Bomarea involucrosa Herbert
Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 640. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 2500-4500 m. 
Voucher: N&uacute;&ntilde;ez & Delgado 7917 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Puno.


$


 Bomarea isopetala Kraenzl.



Bomarea isopetala Kraenzl.

$


 Bomarea killipii Vargas



Bomarea killipii Vargas

Reference: Vargas C., C., 1944: 216. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: forests. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Vargas 3493* (Hb. Vargas, MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Bomarea klugii Killip



Bomarea klugii Killip

Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 648. 
Ecology: Endemic liana. Andean I-II: forests. 1000-2000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Klug 3410* (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Bomarea latifolia (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Herbert



Bomarea latifolia (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Herbert

Synonyms: Bomarea latifolia (Kunth) Herbert, Bomarea latifolia Kunth, Bomarea latifolia Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 660. 
Ecology. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* 
Departments: Arequipa.


$


 Bomarea lobbiana Kraenzl.



Bomarea lobbiana Kraenzl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 662. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   The type was wrongly labeled "Peru".  


$


 Bomarea longistyla Vargas



Bomarea longistyla Vargas

Reference: Vargas C., C., 1965: 158. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Region uncertain: rocky slopes. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Cerrate 4123* (CUZ)
Departments: Ancash.


$


 Bomarea loreti Kraenzl.



Bomarea loreti Kraenzl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 653. 
Ecology. 1000-1500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Ule 46* (B photo MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Bomarea lyncina Herbert


Bomarea lyncina Herbert = Bomarea pardina Herb.

Reference: FP 1190: 661; Neuendorf, M., 1977: 56. 


$


 Bomarea macleanica Herbert


Bomarea macleanica Herbert = Bomarea aurantiaca Herbert

Reference: FP 1190: 649. 


$


 Bomarea macranthera Kraenzl.



Bomarea macranthera Kraenzl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 650. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean II: disturbed areas. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 2201* (B photo MO!), Young & Sullivan 588 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Bomarea macrocarpa (Ruiz & Pav.) Herbert


Bomarea macrocarpa (Ruiz & Pav.) Herbert = Bomarea ovata (Cav.) Mirbel

Reference: FP 1190: 659. 


$


 Bomarea maculata Killip ex Vargas



Bomarea maculata Killip ex Vargas

Reference: Vargas C., C., 1946: 70. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Bomarea nematocaulon Killip



Bomarea nematocaulon Killip

Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 655. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 4870* (F), Ferreyra 1207 (USM!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Bomarea nervosa (Herbert) Baker



Bomarea nervosa (Herbert) Baker

Synonyms: Bomarea nervosa Herbert
Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 645. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: cloud forests, disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 1500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Stein & Todzia 2075 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Bomarea obovata Herb.



Bomarea obovata Herb.

Synonyms: Bomarea obovata Kraenzl.


$


 Bomarea oligantha Baker



Bomarea oligantha Baker

Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 662. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   Based on a cultivated specimen said to have been of Peruvian origin. 


$


 Bomarea ovata (Cav.) Mirbel



Bomarea ovata (Cav.) Mirbel

Synonyms: Bomarea ovata (Cavanilles) Baker, Bomarea ovata (Herbert) Herbert, Bomarea ovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Herbert, Bomarea ovata Cav., Bomarea ovata Herbert, Bomarea ovata Herbert, Bomarea ovata Herbert, Bomarea ovata Herbert, Bomarea ovata Kraenzl., Bomarea ovata Ruiz & Pav., Bomarea ovata Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 658. 
Ecology: Native vine. Andean II-III, Coastal: disturbed areas, lomas, shrublands. 1500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Franquemont & Franquemont 268B (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Madre de Dios, Moquegua, Pasco, Piura, Puno.


$


 Bomarea ovata var. cavanillesiana Herbert


Bomarea ovata var. cavanillesiana Herbert = Bomarea ovata (Cav.) Mirbel

Reference: FP 1190: 658. 


$


 Bomarea pardina Herb.



Bomarea pardina Herb.

Synonyms: Bomarea pardina Herbert, Bomarea pardina Kraenzl.
Reference: Neuendorf, M., 1977: 56. 
Ecology: Native vine. Andean I-III: forests. 1000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Klug 3472 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Bomarea parvifolia Baker



Bomarea parvifolia Baker

Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 656. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Maclean s.n.* (K)


$


 Bomarea patinii Baker



Bomarea patinii Baker

$


 Bomarea petraea Kraenzl.



Bomarea petraea Kraenzl.

Synonyms: Bomarea petraea (Kraenzlin) Kraenzl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 643. 
Ecology. 3500-4000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 476* (B)
Departments: Puno.


$


 Bomarea phyllostachya Masters ex Baker



Bomarea phyllostachya Masters ex Baker

Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 643. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, forests. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Stein et al. 4030 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Bomarea pillawantense Vargas



Bomarea pillawantense Vargas

Reference: Vargas C., C., 1969: 40. 
Ecology. 1000-2000 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 6754* (CUZ)
Departments: Cuzco, Puno.


$


 Bomarea porrecta Killip



Bomarea porrecta Killip

Synonyms: Bomarea porrecta Kraenzl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 641. 
Ecology. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Lobb s.n.* (B), West 8107 (MO!)
Departments: La Libertad.


$


 Bomarea praeusta Kraenzl.



Bomarea praeusta Kraenzl.

Synonyms: Bomarea praeusta Herbert
Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 656. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean III: rocky slopes. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Lobb s.n.* (B), Vargas 1278 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Puno.


$


 Bomarea puberula (Herbert) Kraenzl.



Bomarea puberula (Herbert) Kraenzl.

Synonyms: Bomarea puberula (Herbert) Baker, Bomarea puberula (Herbert) M. Roem., Bomarea puberula Herbert
Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 641. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: grasslands. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 1165* , Macbride & Featherstone 1824 (F!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Bomarea pumila Grisebach ex Baker



Bomarea pumila Grisebach ex Baker

Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 644. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: grasslands, shrublands. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Foster 9060 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Cuzco, Pasco.


$


 Bomarea punctata Herbert


Bomarea punctata Herbert = Bomarea ovata (Cav.) Mirbel

Reference: FP 1190: 659. 


$


 Bomarea purpurea (Ruiz & Pav.) Herb.



Bomarea purpurea (Ruiz & Pav.) Herb.

Synonyms: Bomarea purpurea Kraenzl., Bomarea purpurea M. Roem., Bomarea purpurea Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 651; Young, K. R. & B. Le&oacute;n, 1990: 13. 
Ecology: Native vine. Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* , D&iacute;az & Osores 2574 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, La Libertad, Pasco, Piura, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Bomarea purpurea var. amoena Herbert


Bomarea purpurea var. amoena Herbert = Bomarea amoena (Herbert) M. Roem.

Reference: FP 1190: 658. 


$


 Bomarea purpurea var. guancana Herbert


Bomarea purpurea var. guancana Herbert = Bomarea amoena (Herbert) M. Roem.

Reference: FP 1190: 658. 


$


 Bomarea recurva Baker


Bomarea recurva Baker = Bomarea brevis (Herbert) Baker

Reference: FP 1190: 646. 


$


 Bomarea rosea (Ruiz & Pav.) Herbert



Bomarea rosea (Ruiz & Pav.) Herbert

Synonyms: Bomarea rosea (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Herbert, Bomarea rosea Ruiz & Pav., Bomarea rosea Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 648. 
Ecology: Native liana, vine. Andean II: elfin forests. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Foster et al. 7673 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco.


$


 Bomarea sanguinea Kraenzl.



Bomarea sanguinea Kraenzl.

Synonyms: Bomarea sanguinea Herb., Bomarea sanguinea Herbert
Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 654. 
Ecology: Native vine. Andean II-III: cloud forests, rocky slopes. 2000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4918* (B), N&uacute;&ntilde;ez & Arque 8312 (F!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Bomarea sclerophylla Kraenzl.



Bomarea sclerophylla Kraenzl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 650. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean II-III: elfin forests. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 3352* (B photo MO!), Smith 7731 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Pasco.


$


 Bomarea secundifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Baker



Bomarea secundifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Baker

Synonyms: Bomarea secundifolia (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Herbert, Bomarea secundifolia Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 645. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: grasslands. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n. (MA), Macbride & Featherstone 4962 (F!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Bomarea setacea (Ruiz & Pav.) Herb.



Bomarea setacea (Ruiz & Pav.) Herb.

Synonyms: Bomarea setacea Herbert, Bomarea setacea Herbert, Bomarea setacea Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 651; Young, K. R. & B. Le&oacute;n, 1990: 13. 
Ecology: Native vine. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, elfin forests, rocky slopes. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* , Smith 4118 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Bomarea simplex Herbert


Bomarea simplex Herbert = Bomarea ovata (Cav.) Mirbel

Reference: FP 1190: 659. 


$


 Bomarea speciosa Killip



Bomarea speciosa Killip

Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 661. 
Ecology: Native vine. Andean II: rocky slopes, shrublands. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 3711* (F!), Rimachi 4912 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Bomarea sternbergiiflora Kraenzl.


Bomarea sternbergiiflora Kraenzl. = Bomarea obovata Herb.

Reference: FP 1190: 662. 


$


 Bomarea stricta Kraenzl.


Bomarea stricta Kraenzl. = Bomarea porrecta Killip

Reference: FP 1190: 641. 


$


 Bomarea stuebelii Pax



Bomarea stuebelii Pax

Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 647. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean II: shrublands. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Stuebel s.n.* (B), D&iacute;az 2178 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad.


$


 Bomarea subglobosa Herb.


Bomarea subglobosa Herb. = Bomarea sanguinea Kraenzl.

Reference: Macbride, J. F., 1936: 654. 


$


 Bomarea sulphurea Kraenzl.


Bomarea sulphurea Kraenzl. = Bomarea pardina Herb.

Reference: FP 1190: 661; Neuendorf, M., 1977: 56. 


$


 Bomarea superba Herbert



Bomarea superba Herbert

Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 654. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean II-III: disturbed areas. 2000-4500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Mathews 1663* (K)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Bomarea tacnaense Vargas



Bomarea tacnaense Vargas

Reference: Vargas C., C., 1965: 155. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: rocky slopes. 3500-4000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Vargas 13025* (CUZ)
Departments: Tacna.


$


 Bomarea tarmensis Kraenzl.



Bomarea tarmensis Kraenzl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 658. 
Ecology: Native vine. Andean I: disturbed areas, grasslands. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 1846* (MOL!), Stein & Todzia 2350 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco, Ucayali.


$


 Bomarea tomentosa var. ebracteata Herbert


Bomarea tomentosa var. ebracteata Herbert = Bomarea densiflora Herb.

Reference: FP 1190: 652. 


$


 Bomarea tomentosa var. pangoensis Herbert


Bomarea tomentosa var. pangoensis Herbert = Bomarea setacea (Ruiz & Pav.) Herb.

Reference: FP 1190: 651. 


$


 Bomarea torta (Kunth) Herb.



Bomarea torta (Kunth) Herb.

Synonyms: Bomarea torta Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 647. 
Ecology: Native vine. Andean II-III: disturbed areas. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland s.n.* (P), Dillon & Whalen 4033 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, La Libertad.


$


 Bomarea tribrachiata Kraenzl.


Bomarea tribrachiata Kraenzl. = Bomarea ovata (Cav.) Mirbel

Reference: FP 1190: 659. 


$


 Bomarea ulei Kraenzl.


Bomarea ulei Kraenzl. = Bomarea declinata (Poepp. & Endl.) Klotzsch ex Kunth

Reference: FP 1190: 662. 


$


 Bomarea uniflora (M. Roem.) Killip



Bomarea uniflora (M. Roem.) Killip

Synonyms: Bomarea uniflora M. Roem., Bomarea uniflora Mathews ex Herbert pro syn.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 643. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands. 4000- > 4500 m. 
Note: The Flora of Peru uses an incorrect author citation B. uniflora (Mathews) Killip. 
Voucher: Mathews 864* (K), Boeke 1116 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Lima, Pasco.


$



$


 Bomarea variabilis Herbert


Bomarea variabilis Herbert = Bomarea ovata (Cav.) Mirbel

Reference: FP 1190: 659. 


$


 Bomarea variabilis var. simplex (Herbert) Herbert


Bomarea variabilis var. simplex (Herbert) Herbert = Bomarea ovata (Cav.) Mirbel

Reference: FP 1190: 659. 


$


 Bomarea velascoana Vargas



Bomarea velascoana Vargas

Reference: Vargas C., C., 1943: 130. 
Ecology. 3500-4000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Vargas 1536* (CUZ)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Bomarea weberbaueriana Kraenzl.


Bomarea weberbaueriana Kraenzl. = Bomarea aurantiaca Herbert

Reference: FP 1190: 649. 


$


 Bomarea zosterifolia Killip



Bomarea zosterifolia Killip

Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 642. 
Ecology. 3000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Matinet 742* , Smith & Goodwin 8777 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash.


$


 Bombacopsis paraensis (Ducke) A. Robyns



Bombacopsis paraensis (Ducke) A. Robyns

Synonyms: Bombacopsis paraensis Ducke
Reference: Robyns, A., 1963: 213. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Hartshorn 1696 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto.


$


 Bombacopsis trinitensis (Urb.) A. Robyns


Bombacopsis trinitensis (Urb.) A. Robyns = Pachira trinitensis Urb.

Reference: Steyermark, J. A. & W. D. Stevens, 1988: 398. 


$


 Bombax aquaticum (Aubl.) Schumann


Bombax aquaticum (Aubl.) Schumann = Pachira aquatica Aubl.

Reference: FP 1303: 596; Robyns, A., 1963: 234. 


$


 Bombax balanoides Ulbrich


Bombax balanoides Ulbrich = Pseudobombax septenatum (Jacq.) Dugand

Reference: FP 1303: 596; Robyns, A., 1963: 34. 


$


 Bombax discolor Kunth


Bombax discolor Kunth = Eriotheca discolor (Kunth) Robyns

Reference: FP 1303: 597; Robyns, A., 1963: 160. 


$


 Bombax globosum Aubl.


Bombax globosum Aubl. = Eriotheca globosa (Aubl.) A. Robyns

Reference: Robyns, A., 1963: 142. 


$


 Bombax marginatum (St. Hilaire) Schumann


Bombax marginatum (St. Hilaire) Schumann = Pseudobombax marginatum (St. Hilaire) Robyns

Reference: FP 1303: 597; Robyns, A., 1963: 73. 


$


 Bombax munguba C. Martius & Zuccarini


Bombax munguba C. Martius & Zuccarini = Pseudobombax munguba (C. Martius & Zuccarini) Dugand

Reference: FP 1303: 598; Robyns, A., 1963: 38. 


$


 Bombax orinocense Kunth


Bombax orinocense Kunth = Cochlospermum orinocense (Kunth) Steud.

Reference: FP 726: 13; Poppendieck, H.-H., 1981: 14. 


$


 Bombax paraense Ducke


Bombax paraense Ducke = Bombacopsis paraensis (Ducke) A. Robyns

Reference: FP 1303: 598; Robyns, A., 1963: 213. 


$


 Bombax pentandrum L.


Bombax pentandrum L. = Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn.

Reference: FP 1303: 602. 


$


 Bombax pyramidale Cav. ex Lam.


Bombax pyramidale Cav. ex Lam. = Ochroma pyramidale (Cav. ex Lam.) Urb.

Reference: FP 1303: 607. 


$


 Bombax ruizii Schumann


Bombax ruizii Schumann = Eriotheca ruizii (Schumann) Robyns

Reference: FP 1303: 599; Robyns, A., 1963: 162. 


$


 Bombax sclerophyllum Ducke


Bombax sclerophyllum Ducke = Eriotheca macrophylla subsp. sclerophylla (Ducke) Robyns

Reference: Robyns, A., 1963: 162. 


$


 Bombax septenatum Jacq.


Bombax septenatum Jacq. = Pseudobombax septenatum (Jacq.) Dugand

Reference: Robyns, A., 1963: 32. 


$


 Bombax spruceanum (Decaisne) Ducke


Bombax spruceanum (Decaisne) Ducke = Pachira insignis (Sw.) Sw. ex Savigny

Reference: FP 1303: 600; Robyns, A., 1963: 248. 


$


 Bombax vargasii Cuatrec.


Bombax vargasii Cuatrec. = Eriotheca vargasii (Cuatrecasas) Robyns

Reference: FP 1303: 600; Robyns, A., 1963: 165. 


$


 Bombax vitifolium Willd.


Bombax vitifolium Willd. = Cochlospermum vitifolium (Willd.) Spreng.

Reference: FP 732: 14; Poppendieck, H.-H., 1981: 9. 


$


 Bombax weberbaueri Cuatrec.


Bombax weberbaueri Cuatrec. = Eriotheca discolor (Kunth) Robyns

Reference: FP 1303: 601; Robyns, A., 1963: 160. 


$


 Bonafousia brachyantha Boiteau & L. Allorge


Bonafousia brachyantha Boiteau & L. Allorge = Tabernaemontana luciliae Leeuwenberg

Reference: Leeuwenberg, A. J. M., 1988: 14. 


$


 Bonafousia columbiensis L. Allorge


Bonafousia columbiensis L. Allorge = Tabernaemontana columbiensis (L. Allorge) Leeuwenb.

Reference: Leeuwenberg, A. J. M., 1988: 5. 


$


 Bonafousia coriacea (Link ex Roem. & Schult.) Boiteau & L. Allorge


Bonafousia coriacea (Link ex Roem. & Schult.) Boiteau & L. Allorge = Tabernaemontana coriacea Link ex Roem. & Schult.

Reference: Leeuwenberg, pers. comm.. 
Note: NN  


$


 Bonafousia hirtula (Mart. ex M&uuml;ll. Arg.) Markgr.


Bonafousia hirtula (Mart. ex M&uuml;ll. Arg.) Markgr. = Tabernaemontana hirtula Mart. ex M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: FP 1343: 405. 


$


 Bonafousia juruana Markgr.


Bonafousia juruana Markgr. = Tabernaemontana siphilitica (L. f.) Leeuwenb.

Reference: FP 1343: 405; Leeuwenberg, pers. comm.. 


$


 Bonafousia killipii (Woodson) Markgr.


Bonafousia killipii (Woodson) Markgr. = Tabernaemontana siphilitica (L. f.) Leeuwenb.

Reference: FP 1343: 406; Leeuwenberg, pers. comm.. 


$


 Bonafousia latiflora Miers


Bonafousia latiflora Miers = Tabernaemontana flavicans Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.

Reference: FP 1343: 404. 


$


 Bonafousia longituba Markgr.


Bonafousia longituba Markgr. = Tabernaemontana markgrafiana J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 1343: 406. 


$


 Bonafousia macrocalyx (M&uuml;ll. Arg.) Boiteau & L. Allorge


Bonafousia macrocalyx (M&uuml;ll. Arg.) Boiteau & L. Allorge = Tabernaemontana macrocalyx M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: Leeuwenberg, pers. comm.. 


$


 Bonafousia maxima (Markgr.) Boiteau & L. Allorge


Bonafousia maxima (Markgr.) Boiteau & L. Allorge = Tabernaemontana maxima Markgr.

Reference: Leeuwenberg, pers. comm.. 
Note: NN  


$


 Bonafousia muelleriana (Mart. ex A. Muell.) Boiteau & L. Allorge


Bonafousia muelleriana (Mart. ex A. Muell.) Boiteau & L. Allorge = Tabernaemontana macrocalyx M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: Leeuwenberg, pers. comm.. 


$


 Bonafousia obliqua Miers


Bonafousia obliqua Miers = Tabernaemontana undulata Vahl

Reference: Leeuwenberg, pers. comm.. 


$


 Bonafousia olivacea (M&uuml;ll. Arg.) Miers


Bonafousia olivacea (M&uuml;ll. Arg.) Miers = Tabernaemontana olivacea M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: FP 1343: 408; Leeuwenberg, pers. comm.. 


$


 Bonafousia sananho (Ruiz & Pav.) Markgr.


Bonafousia sananho (Ruiz & Pav.) Markgr. = Tabernaemontana sananho Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1343: 409; van Beek, T. A., R. Verpoorte, A. Baerheim Svendsen, A. J. M. Leeuwenberg & N. G. Bisset, 1984: 17. 


$


 Bonafousia siphilitica (L. f.) L. Allorge


Bonafousia siphilitica (L. f.) L. Allorge = Tabernaemontana siphilitica (L. f.) Leeuwenb.

Reference: Leeuwenberg, pers. comm.. 


$


 Bonafousia tessmannii Markgr.


Bonafousia tessmannii Markgr. = Tabernaemontana siphilitica (L. f.) Leeuwenb.

Reference: FP 1343: 410. 


$


 Bonafousia tetrastachya (Kunth) Markgr.


Bonafousia tetrastachya (Kunth) Markgr. = Tabernaemontana siphilitica (L. f.) Leeuwenb.

Reference: FP 1343: 411; van Beek, T. A., R. Verpoorte, A. Baerheim Svendsen, A. J. M. Leeuwenberg & N. G. Bisset, 1984: 17. 


$


 Bonafousia undulata (Vahl) A. DC.


Bonafousia undulata (Vahl) A. DC. = Tabernaemontana undulata Vahl

Reference: FP 1343: 411. 


$


 Bonamia peruviana Ooststr.



Bonamia peruviana Ooststr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1344: 477. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 232* (F), Lleras 17123 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Bonapartea juncea Ruiz & Pav.


Bonapartea juncea Ruiz & Pav. = Tillandsia juncea (Ruiz & Pav.) Poir.

Reference: FP 1179: 555; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1977: 916. 


$


 Bonapartea strobilantha Ruiz & Pav.


Bonapartea strobilantha Ruiz & Pav. = Guzmania strobilantha (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez

Reference: FP 1179: 573; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1331. 


$


 Bonatea pauciflora Lindl.


Bonatea pauciflora Lindl. = Habenaria trifida Kunth

Reference: FP 1438: 32; Garay, L. A., 1978: 39; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Bonnaya origanifolia Spreng.


Bonnaya origanifolia Spreng. = Lindernia diffusa (L.) Wettst.

Reference: FP 1361: 687. 


$


 Bonnetia paniculata Spruce ex Benth.



Bonnetia paniculata Spruce ex Benth.

Synonyms: Bonnetia paniculata (Spruce) Wawra, Bonnetia paniculata Spruce ex Benth.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1311: 730. 
Voucher: Spruce 4809* (K), Klug 3450 
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Bonnetia parviflora Spruce ex Benth.


Bonnetia parviflora Spruce ex Benth. = Bonnetia paniculata Spruce ex Benth.

Reference: FP 1311: 730. 


$


 Bontia germinans L.


Bontia germinans L. = Avicennia germinans (L.) L.

Reference: FP 1286: 721; Howard, R. A., 1989: 212. 


$


 Boopis monocephala Phil.


Boopis monocephala Phil. = Moschopsis monocephala (Phil.) Reiche

Reference: FP 1382: 491. 


$


 Borago officinalis L.



Borago officinalis L.

Reference: Miller, J. S., 1988: 460. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb. Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-3500 m. 
Voucher: N&uacute;&ntilde;ez 6632 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Lima.


$


 Borismene japurensis (Mart.) Barneby



Borismene japurensis (Mart.) Barneby

Synonyms: Borismene japurensis (Mart.) Eichler, Borismene japurensis Mart.
Reference: Barneby, R. C., 1972: 145. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 10 (NY!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Borojoa claviflora (K. Schum.) Cuatrec.



Borojoa claviflora (K. Schum.) Cuatrec.

Synonyms: Borojoa claviflora (K. Schum.) Kuntze, Borojoa claviflora K. Schum.
Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1966: 475. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests on white sand, seasonally inundated areas, terra firme forests. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Spruce 4477* (C photo F!), Croat 20823 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Borreria alata (Aubl.) DC.



Borreria alata (Aubl.) DC.

Synonyms: Borreria alata Aubl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 250; Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 1931. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Williams 1487 (F!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Borreria assurgens (Ruiz & Pav.) Griseb.



Borreria assurgens (Ruiz & Pav.) Griseb.

Synonyms: Borreria assurgens Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Grisebach, A., 1874: 159. 
Ecology: Native herb, vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: cloud forests, disturbed areas, riversides. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 34208 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad, Lima, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes.


$


 Borreria capitata (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.



Borreria capitata (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.

$


 Borreria capitata fo.capitata



Borreria capitata fo. capitata 

Synonyms: Borreria capitata capitata Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 250; Steyermark, J. A., 1972: 820. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Andean I-II: disturbed areas. 1000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA frag. F!), Vargas 9657 (F!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Puno.


$


 Borreria capitata fo.ferruginea (A. St. Hilaire) Steyerm.



Borreria capitata fo. ferruginea (A. St. Hilaire) Steyerm.

Synonyms: Borreria capitata ferruginea A. St. Hilaire
Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1972: 822. 
Ecology. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 24787 (F!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Borreria capitata var.suaveolens (G. Mey.) Steyerm.



Borreria capitata var. suaveolens (G. Mey.) Steyerm.

Synonyms: Borreria capitata suaveolens G. Mey., Borreria capitata var. suaveolens (G. Mey.) Schumann
Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1972: 825. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Borreria capitata var.tenella (Kunth) Steyerm.



Borreria capitata var. tenella (Kunth) Steyerm.

Synonyms: Borreria capitata tenella (Kunth) Cham. & Schltdl., Borreria capitata tenella Kunth
Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1972: 823. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests, grasslands. 500-3000 m. 
Note: Treated incorrectly in the Flora of Peru as B. suaveolens. 
Voucher: Isern 2106 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Borreria corymbosa (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.


Borreria corymbosa (Ruiz & Pav.) DC. = Galianthe corymbosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Cabral

Reference: FP 1365: 250; Cabral, E. L., 1991: 241. 


$


 Borreria dichotoma (Kunth) Cham. & Schltdl.


Borreria dichotoma (Kunth) Cham. & Schltdl. = Diodia dichotoma (Kunth) Schum.

Reference: FP 1365: 246; Steyermark, J. A., 1972: 244. 


$


 Borreria laevis (Lam.) Griseb.


Borreria laevis (Lam.) Griseb. = Spermacoce tenuior L.

Reference: FP 1365: 251; Verdcourt, B., 1983: 545. 


$


 Borreria latifolia (Aubl.) K. Schum.



Borreria latifolia (Aubl.) K. Schum.

Synonyms: Borreria latifolia Aubl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 252; Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 1926. 
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 1689 (F!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Borreria ocymoides (Burman f.) DC.



Borreria ocymoides (Burman f.) DC.

Synonyms: Borreria ocymoides Burman f.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 252. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   This name is misapplied as used in the Flora of Peru (Verdcourt, 1983). 


$


 Borreria peruviana (Pers.) Lyman B. Smith & Downs


Borreria peruviana (Pers.) Lyman B. Smith & Downs = Galianthe corymbosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Cabral

Reference: Cabral, E. L., 1991: 241. 


$


 Borreria repens DC.



Borreria repens DC.

Synonyms: Borreria repens (DC.) Fosberg & Powell, Borreria repens Gideon
Reference: Verdcourt, B., 1983: 547. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, riversides. 0-1500 m. 
Note: This taxon is treated as B. ocymoides in the Flora of Peru. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Killip & Smith 25596 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Borreria suaveolens G. Mey.


Borreria suaveolens G. Mey. = Borreria capitata var. suaveolens (G. Mey.) Steyerm.

Reference: FP 1365: 253; Steyermark, J. A., 1972: 825. 
Note: NN  


$


 Borreria tenella (Kunth) Cham. & Schltdl.


Borreria tenella (Kunth) Cham. & Schltdl. = Borreria capitata var. tenella (Kunth) Steyerm.

Reference: FP 1365: 253; Steyermark, J. A., 1972: 823. 


$


 Borreria tenella var. suaveolens (G. Mey.) Schumann


Borreria tenella var. suaveolens (G. Mey.) Schumann = Borreria capitata var. suaveolens (G. Mey.) Steyerm.

Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1972: 825. 
Note: NN  


$


 Borreria umbellata Sprengel


Borreria umbellata Sprengel = Emmeorhiza umbellata (Sprengel) Schum.

Reference: FP 1365: 242; Steyermark, J. A., 1972: 784. 


$


 Borrichia peruviana DC.



Borrichia peruviana DC.

Synonyms: Borrichia peruviana Lam., Borrichia peruviana Willd.
Reference: Semple, J. C., 1979: 693. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   Based on a sterile collection possibly representing an introduction that did not become established (Semple, 1979). 
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (G-DC)


$


 Borzicactella serpens (Kunth) F. Ritter


Borzicactella serpens (Kunth) F. Ritter = Cleistocactus serpens (Kunth) A. Weber

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1387; Hunt, D., 1992: 37. 


$


 Borzicactella tenuiserpens (Rauh & Backeb.) F. Ritter


Borzicactella tenuiserpens (Rauh & Backeb.) F. Ritter = Cleistocactus tenuiserpens Rauh & Backeb.

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1387; Hunt, D., 1992: 37. 


$


 Borzicactus acanthurus (Vaupel) Britton & Rose


Borzicactus acanthurus (Vaupel) Britton & Rose = Cleistocactus acanthurus (Vaupel) D.R. Hunt

Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1920: 161; Rauh, W., 1958: 296; Ritter, F., 1981: 1455. 


$


 Borzicactus aurantiacus (Vaupel) Kimnach & Hutchison


Borzicactus aurantiacus (Vaupel) Kimnach & Hutchison = Matucana aurantiaca (Vaupel) Buxb.

Reference: Kimnach, M. & P. C. Hutchison, 1957: 47; Ritter, F., 1981: 1489; Hunt, D., 1992: 37. 


$


 Borzicactus aurantiacus var. calvescens (Kimnach & Hutchison) Donald


Borzicactus aurantiacus var. calvescens (Kimnach & Hutchison) Donald = Matucana aurantiaca (Vaupel) Buxb.

Reference: Donald, J. D., 1971: 10; Ritter, F., 1981: 1489. 


$


 Borzicactus aurantiacus var. megalanthus (F. Ritter) Donald


Borzicactus aurantiacus var. megalanthus (F. Ritter) Donald = Matucana blancii Backeb.

Reference: Donald, J. D., 1971: 10; Ritter, F., 1981: 1499. 


$


 Borzicactus aureiflorus (F. Ritter) Donald


Borzicactus aureiflorus (F. Ritter) Donald = Matucana aureiflora F. Ritter

Reference: Donald, J. D., 1971: 10; Ritter, F., 1981: 1509. 


$


 Borzicactus aurivillus (K. Schum.) Britton & Rose


Borzicactus aurivillus (K. Schum.) Britton & Rose = Cleistocactus icosagonus (Kunth) A. Weber

Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1920: 226; Madsen, J. E., 1989: 16; Hunt, D., 1992: 37. 


$


 Borzicactus cajamarcensis F. Ritter


Borzicactus cajamarcensis F. Ritter = Cleistocactus fieldianus (Britton & Rose) D.R. Hunt

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1375; Hunt, D., 1992: 37. 


$


 Borzicactus calvescens Kimnach & Hutchison


Borzicactus calvescens Kimnach & Hutchison = Matucana aurantiaca (Vaupel) Buxb.

Reference: Kimnach, M. & P. C. Hutchison, 1957: 111; Donald, J. D., 1971: 10; Ritter, F., 1981: 1489. 


$


 Borzicactus calviflorus F. Ritter


Borzicactus calviflorus F. Ritter = Cleistocactus fieldianus (Britton & Rose) D.R. Hunt

Reference: Ritter, F., 1964: 118; Hunt, D., 1992: 37. 


$


 Borzicactus celsianus (Lem. ex Salm-Dyck) Kimnach


Borzicactus celsianus (Lem. ex Salm-Dyck) Kimnach = Oreocereus celsianus (Lem. ex Salm-Dyck) Riccob.

Reference: Kimnach, M., 1960: 59; Ritter, F., 1980: 696. 


$


 Borzicactus decumbens (Vaupel) Britton & Rose


Borzicactus decumbens (Vaupel) Britton & Rose = Haageocereus decumbens (Vaupel) Backeb.

Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1920: 162; Hunt, D., 1992: 37. 


$


 Borzicactus doelzianus (Backeb.) Kimnach


Borzicactus doelzianus (Backeb.) Kimnach = Oreocereus doelzianus (Backeb.) Borg

Reference: Kimnach, M., 1960: 59. 


$


 Borzicactus eriotrichus (Werdermann & Backeberg) Backeb.


Borzicactus eriotrichus (Werdermann & Backeberg) Backeb. = Cleistocactus acanthurus (Vaupel) D.R. Hunt

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1455. 


$


 Borzicactus faustianus Backeb.


Borzicactus faustianus Backeb. = Cleistocactus acanthurus (Vaupel) D.R. Hunt

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1459. 


$


 Borzicactus fieldianus Britton & Rose


Borzicactus fieldianus Britton & Rose = Cleistocactus fieldianus (Britton & Rose) D.R. Hunt

Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1923: 278; Rauh, W., 1958: 287; Hunt, D. & N. Taylor, 1987: 92. 


$


 Borzicactus fieldianus var. tesselatus (Akers & Buining) Krainz


Borzicactus fieldianus var. tesselatus (Akers & Buining) Krainz = Cleistocactus fieldianus (Britton & Rose) D.R. Hunt

$


 Borzicactus formosus (F. Ritter) Donald


Borzicactus formosus (F. Ritter) Donald = Matucana formosa F. Ritter

Reference: Donald, J. D., 1971: 10; Ritter, F., 1981: 1494; Hunt, D., 1992: 37. 


$


 Borzicactus fruticosus (F. Ritter) Donald


Borzicactus fruticosus (F. Ritter) Donald = Matucana fruticosa F. Ritter

Reference: Donald, J. D., 1971: 10; Ritter, F., 1981: 1495; Hunt, D., 1992: 37. 


$


 Borzicactus gracilis var. aticensis (Rauh & Backeb.) Krainz


Borzicactus gracilis var. aticensis (Rauh & Backeb.) Krainz = Cleistocactus sextonianus (Backeb.) D.R. Hunt

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1460. 


$


 Borzicactus gracilis var. camanaensis (Rauh & Backeb.) Krainz


Borzicactus gracilis var. camanaensis (Rauh & Backeb.) Krainz = Cleistocactus sextonianus (Backeb.) D.R. Hunt

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1460. 


$


 Borzicactus haynei (Otto ex Salm-Dyck) Kimnach


Borzicactus haynei (Otto ex Salm-Dyck) Kimnach = Matucana haynei (Otto ex Salm-Dyck) Britton & Rose

Reference: Kimnach, M., 1960: 92; Hunt, D., 1992: 37. 


$


 Borzicactus huagalensis Donald & A.B. Lau


Borzicactus huagalensis Donald & A.B. Lau = Matucana huagalensis (Donald & A.B. Lau) Bregmann

Reference: Donald, J. D., 1970: 33; Bregman, R., A. Meerstadt, P. Melis & A. B. Pullen, 1988: 155; Hunt, D., 1992: 37. 


$


 Borzicactus humboldtii (Kunth) Britton & Rose


Borzicactus humboldtii (Kunth) Britton & Rose = Cleistocactus icosagonus (Kunth) A. Weber

Reference: Rauh, W., 1958: 324; Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1920: 163; Madsen, J. E., 1989: 16. 


$


 Borzicactus icosagonus (DC.) Britton & Rose


Borzicactus icosagonus (DC.) Britton & Rose = Cleistocactus icosagonus (Kunth) A. Weber

Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1920: 163; Rauh, W., 1958: 324; Madsen, J. E., 1989: 16. 


$


 Borzicactus icosagonus fo. aurantiaciflorus (Backeb.) Krainz


Borzicactus icosagonus fo. aurantiaciflorus (Backeb.) Krainz = Cleistocactus icosagonus (Kunth) A. Weber

Reference: Madsen, J. E., 1989: 17. 


$


 Borzicactus intertextus (F. Ritter) Donald


Borzicactus intertextus (F. Ritter) Donald = Matucana intertexta F. Ritter

Reference: Donald, J. D., 1971: 10; Ritter, F., 1981: 1498; Hunt, D., 1992: 37. 


$


 Borzicactus intertextus var. celendinensis (F. Ritter) Donald


Borzicactus intertextus var. celendinensis (F. Ritter) Donald = Matucana celendinensis F. Ritter

Reference: Donald, J. D., 1971: 10; Ritter, F., 1981: 1491; Bregman, R., A. Meerstadt, P. Melis & A. B. Pullen, 1988: 101. 
Note: See note under Matucana celendinensis.  


$


 Borzicactus jajoianus Backeb.


Borzicactus jajoianus Backeb. = Cleistocactus sepium (Kunth) A. Weber

Reference: Backeberg, C. & F. M. Knuth, 1935: 194, 411; Rauh, W., 1958: 298; Ritter, F., 1981: 1462. 


$


 Borzicactus keller-badensis (Backeberg & Krainz) Krainz


Borzicactus keller-badensis (Backeberg & Krainz) Krainz = Cleistocactus acanthurus (Vaupel) D.R. Hunt

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1459. 


$


 Borzicactus krahnii Donald


Borzicactus krahnii Donald = Matucana krahnii (Donald) Bregmann

Reference: Donald, J. D., 1979: 52; Bregman, R., A. Meerstadt, P. Melis & A. B. Pullen, 1987: 158; Hunt, D., 1992: 37. 


$


 Borzicactus leucotrichus (Philippi) Kimnach


Borzicactus leucotrichus (Philippi) Kimnach = Oreocereus leucotrichus (Philippi) Wagenknecht

Reference: Kimnach, M., 1960: 93; Ritter, F., 1980: 1117; Hunt, D., 1992: 36. 


$


 Borzicactus madisoniorum Hutchison


Borzicactus madisoniorum Hutchison = Matucana madisoniorum (Hutchison) G.D. Rowley

Reference: Hutchison, P. C., 1963: 167; Rowley, G. D., 1973: 10; Ritter, F., 1981: 1487. 


$


 Borzicactus madisoniorum var. pujupatii Donald & A.B. Lau


Borzicactus madisoniorum var. pujupatii Donald & A.B. Lau = Matucana pujupatii (Donald & A.B. Lau) Bregmann

Reference: Donald, J. D., 1971: 71; Rowley, G. D., 1973: 10; Bregman, R., 1988: 179. 


$


 Borzicactus myriacanthus (Vaupel) Donald


Borzicactus myriacanthus (Vaupel) Donald = Matucana myriacantha (Vaupel) Buxb.

Reference: Hunt, D., 1992: 37. 
Note: See note under Matucana myriacantha.  


$


 Borzicactus neoroezlii F. Ritter


Borzicactus neoroezlii F. Ritter = Cleistocactus neoroezlii (F. Ritter) Buxb.

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1378; Hunt, D., 1992: 37. 


$


 Borzicactus oreodoxus (F. Ritter) Donald


Borzicactus oreodoxus (F. Ritter) Donald = Matucana oreodoxa (F. Ritter) Slaba

Reference: Donald, J. D., 1971: 10; Ritter, F., 1981: 1486; Hunt, D., 1992: 37. 


$


 Borzicactus paucicostatus (F. Ritter) Donald


Borzicactus paucicostatus (F. Ritter) Donald = Matucana paucicostata F. Ritter

Reference: Donald, J. D., 1971: 10; Ritter, F., 1981: 1501; Hunt, D., 1992: 37. 


$


 Borzicactus paucicostatus fo. robustispinus Donald & A.B. Lau


Borzicactus paucicostatus fo. robustispinus Donald & A.B. Lau = Matucana paucicostata F. Ritter

Reference: Donald, J. D., 1971: 73. 


$


 Borzicactus piscoensis (Rauh & Backeb.) Rauh & Backeb.


Borzicactus piscoensis (Rauh & Backeb.) Rauh & Backeb. = Oreocereus piscoensis (Rauh & Backeb.) F. Ritter

Reference: Rauh, W., 1958: 291; Ritter, F., 1981: 1365. 


$


 Borzicactus plagiostoma (Vaupel) Britton & Rose



Borzicactus plagiostoma (Vaupel) Britton & Rose

Synonyms: Borzicactus plagiostoma (Vaupel) Backeb., Borzicactus plagiostoma Vaupel
Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1920: 163; Ritter, F., 1981: 1381; Hunt, D., 1992: 37. 
Ecology: Endemic Erect, branched or columnar cactus. Andean II: shrublands. 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Weberbauer 3906* (B), Ritter 577 (U)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Borzicactus platinospinus (Werdermann & Backeberg) Borg


Borzicactus platinospinus (Werdermann & Backeberg) Borg = Haageocereus platinospinus (Werdermann & Backeberg) Backeb.

$


 Borzicactus purpureus F. Ritter



Borzicactus purpureus F. Ritter

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1383; Hunt, D., 1992: 37. 
Ecology: Endemic Erect, branched or columnar cactus. Andean I: dry valleys, rocky slopes. 1000-1500 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Ritter 577a* (U)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Borzicactus ritteri (Buining) Donald


Borzicactus ritteri (Buining) Donald = Matucana ritteri Buining

Reference: Donald, J. D., 1971: 10; Ritter, F., 1981: 1503; Hunt, D., 1992: 37. 


$


 Borzicactus roezlii (F. Haage ex Schumann) Backeb.


Borzicactus roezlii (F. Haage ex Schumann) Backeb. = Cleistocactus roezlii (F. Haage ex Schumann) Backeb.

$


 Borzicactus samaipatanus (C&aacute;rdenas) Kimnach


Borzicactus samaipatanus (C&aacute;rdenas) Kimnach = Cleistocactus samaipatensis (C&aacute;rdenas) D.R. Hunt

Reference: Kimnach, M., 1960: 93; Hunt, D., 1992: 38. 


$


 Borzicactus samnensis F. Ritter



Borzicactus samnensis F. Ritter

Reference: Ritter, F., 1964: 118; Ritter, F., 1981: 1383; Hunt, D., 1992: 38. 
Ecology: Endemic Terrestrial, scandent cactus. Andean I-II: shrublands. 1000-2000 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Ritter 304* (ZSS)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, La Libertad.


$


 Borzicactus sepium (Kunth) Britton & Rose


Borzicactus sepium (Kunth) Britton & Rose = Cleistocactus sepium (Kunth) A. Weber

Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1920: 160; Hunt, D., 1992: 38. 


$


 Borzicactus sepium var. roezlii (F. Haage ex Schumann) Borg


Borzicactus sepium var. roezlii (F. Haage ex Schumann) Borg = Cleistocactus roezlii (F. Haage ex Schumann) Backeb.

$


 Borzicactus serpens (Kunth) Kimnach


Borzicactus serpens (Kunth) Kimnach = Cleistocactus serpens (Kunth) A. Weber

Reference: Kimnach, M., 1960: 95; Ritter, F., 1981: 1387; Hunt, D., 1992: 38. 


$


 Borzicactus sextonianus (Backeb.) Kimnach


Borzicactus sextonianus (Backeb.) Kimnach = Cleistocactus sextonianus (Backeb.) D.R. Hunt

Reference: Kimnach, M., 1960: 95; Ritter, F., 1981: 1471; Hunt, D., 1992: 38. 


$


 Borzicactus sulcifer (Rauh & Backeb.) Kimnach


Borzicactus sulcifer (Rauh & Backeb.) Kimnach = Loxanthocereus sulcifer Rauh & Backeb.

Reference: Kimnach, M., 1960: 95; Ritter, F., 1981: 1472; Hunt, D., 1992: 38. 


$


 Borzicactus tenuiserpens (Rauh & Backeb.) Kimnach


Borzicactus tenuiserpens (Rauh & Backeb.) Kimnach = Cleistocactus tenuiserpens Rauh & Backeb.

Reference: Kimnach, M., 1960: 95; Hunt, D., 1992: 38. 


$


 Borzicactus tesselatus Akers & Buining


Borzicactus tesselatus Akers & Buining = Cleistocactus fieldianus (Britton & Rose) D.R. Hunt

Reference: Akers, J. F. & A. F. H. Buining, 1954: 81. 


$


 Borzicactus tuberculatus Donald


Borzicactus tuberculatus Donald = Matucana tuberculata (Donald) Bregman #et al.#

Reference: Donald, J. D., 1979: 55; Bregman, R., A. Meerstadt, P. Melis, & A. B. Pullen, 1987: 175; Hunt, D., 1992: 38. 


$


 Borzicactus weberbaueri (Vaupel) Donald


Borzicactus weberbaueri (Vaupel) Donald = Matucana weberbaueri (Vaupel) Backeb.

Reference: Donald, J. D., 1971: 10; Hunt, D., 1992: 38. 


$


 Borzicactus weberbaueri var. flammeus Donald


Borzicactus weberbaueri var. flammeus Donald = Matucana weberbaueri (Vaupel) Backeb.

$


 Borzicactus weberbaueri var. myriacanthus (Vaupel) Donald


Borzicactus weberbaueri var. myriacanthus (Vaupel) Donald = Matucana myriacantha (Vaupel) Buxb.

Reference: Donald, J. D., 1971: 10; Ritter, F., 1981: 1500. 


$


 Borzicactus zanderi Backeb.



Borzicactus zanderi Backeb.

Reference: Backeberg, C., 1931: 187; Hunt, D., 1992: 38. 
Ecology: Endemic Terrestrial, scandent cactus. . 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  Not treated by Ritter (1981). 
Voucher: Backeberg s.n.* 


$


 Bothriochloa alta (Hitchc.) Henrard



Bothriochloa alta (Hitchc.) Henrard

Synonyms: Bothriochloa alta Hitchc.
Reference: McVaugh, R., 1983: 77. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: grasslands. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 6428 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Bothriochloa barbinodis (Lag.) Herter



Bothriochloa barbinodis (Lag.) Herter

Synonyms: Bothriochloa barbinodis (Trin. ex E. Fourn.) Hack. ex L.H. Dewey, Bothriochloa barbinodis (Trin. ex E. Fourn.) Herter, Bothriochloa barbinodis Lag., Bothriochloa barbinodis Trin. ex E. Fourn.
Reference: McVaugh, R., 1983: 77; Tovar, O., 1986: 50. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: lomas. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry 16478 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Lima.


$


 Bothriochloa exaristata (Nash) Henrard



Bothriochloa exaristata (Nash) Henrard

Synonyms: Bothriochloa exaristata Nash
Reference: Allred, K. W. & F. W. Gould, 1983: 182. 
Ecology: Native herb. Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: L&oacute;pez & Sag&aacute;stegui 7908 (MO!)
Departments: La Libertad.


$


 Bothriochloa laguroides (DC.) Herter



Bothriochloa laguroides (DC.) Herter

Synonyms: Bothriochloa laguroides (DC.) Hack., Bothriochloa laguroides DC.
Reference: Allred, K. W. & F. W. Gould, 1983: 178. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: S&aacute;nchez 2388 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Bothriochloa perforata (Trin. ex E. Fourn.) Herter


Bothriochloa perforata (Trin. ex E. Fourn.) Herter = Bothriochloa barbinodis (Lag.) Herter

Reference: McVaugh, R., 1983: 78. 


$


 Bothriochloa saccharoides (Sw.) Rydb.



Bothriochloa saccharoides (Sw.) Rydb.

$


 Bothriochloa saccharoides (Sw.) Rydb. subsp.saccharoides



Bothriochloa saccharoides (Sw.) Rydb. subsp. saccharoides 

Synonyms: Bothriochloa saccharoides saccharoides Sw.
Reference: McVaugh, R., 1983: 80. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-3500 m. 
Voucher: King et al. 315 (F!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Bothriochloa saccharoides subsp.parvispiculus (A. Hitchc.) Davidse



Bothriochloa saccharoides subsp. parvispiculus (A. Hitchc.) Davidse

Synonyms: Bothriochloa saccharoides subsp. parvispiculus Hitchc., Bothriochloa saccharoides var. parvispiculus (Hitchc.) Standl.
Reference: Allred, K. W. & F. W. Gould, 1983: 175; Tovar, O., 1957: 98. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-III: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 1000-4000 m. 
Note: New combination made in Appendix 1.  
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 14029 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Bothriospora corymbosa (Benth.) Hook. f.



Bothriospora corymbosa (Benth.) Hook. f.

Synonyms: Bothriospora corymbosa Benth.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 98. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, seasonally inundated areas, riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Rimachi 4159 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Ucayali.


$


 Botryarrhena pendula Ducke



Botryarrhena pendula Ducke

Reference: Ducke, A., 1932: 477. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Croat 18692 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Botrychium cicutarium (Savigny) Sw.


Botrychium cicutarium (Savigny) Sw. = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 8. 


$


 Botrychium schaffneri Underw.



Botrychium schaffneri Underw.

Reference: Flora Peru: 2132: 6. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 1000-2000 m. 
Voucher: Peyton & Peyton 504 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco.


$


 Botrychium virginianum (L.) Sw.



Botrychium virginianum (L.) Sw.

Reference: Flora Peru: 2132: 8. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 1000-2000 m. 
Voucher: Smith 2897 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco.


$


 Botrychium virginianum var. mexicanum Hook. & Grev.


Botrychium virginianum var. mexicanum Hook. & Grev. = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 8. 


$


 Botryopsis spruceana Eichl.


Botryopsis spruceana Eichl. = Chondrodendron tomentosum Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1274: 687; Krukoff, B. A. & H. N. Moldenke, 1938: 16. 


$


 Bouchea boyacana Moldenke



Bouchea boyacana Moldenke

$


 Bouchea boyacana var.glabrata Moldenke



Bouchea boyacana var. glabrata Moldenke

Reference: Moldenke, H. N., 1966: 242. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Hutchinson & Wright 6592* (MO!)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Bouchea fluminensis (Vell. Conc.) Moldenke



Bouchea fluminensis (Vell. Conc.) Moldenke

Synonyms: Bouchea fluminensis Vell.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 656; Troncoso, N. S., 1974: 349. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Rimachi 4726 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Bougainvillea buttiana Holttum & Standl.



Bougainvillea buttiana Holttum & Standl.

Reference: Standley, P. C. & J. A. Steyermark, 1944: 44. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Note: Species in Bougainvillea are tenative because of cultivation selection and hybridization. 
Voucher: Gentry 58186 (MO!)
Departments: Tumbes.


$


 Bougainvillea glabra Choisy



Bougainvillea glabra Choisy

Synonyms: Bougainvillea glabra (Choisy) Hook. in Curtis
Reference: Flora Peru: 1258: 529. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Williams 1477 (F)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Bougainvillea lehmannii Heimerl



Bougainvillea lehmannii Heimerl

Reference: 0032606, : 466. 
Ecology. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: N&uacute;&ntilde;ez 6404 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Bougainvillea pachyphylla Heimerl ex Standl.



Bougainvillea pachyphylla Heimerl ex Standl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1258: 530. 
Ecology. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Raimondi 8703* (B photo F!), Sag&aacute;stegui 8290 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Piura.


$


 Bougainvillea peruviana Humb. & Bonpl.



Bougainvillea peruviana Humb. & Bonpl.

Synonyms: Bougainvillea peruviana (Humb. & Bonpl.) Poir.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1258: 530. 
Ecology. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland s.n.* (P-H&B), L&oacute;pez 8942 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Piura, Tumbes.


$


 Bougainvillea spectabilis var. glabra (Choisy) Hook. in Curtis


Bougainvillea spectabilis var. glabra (Choisy) Hook. in Curtis = Bougainvillea glabra Choisy

Reference: FP 1258: 529. 


$


 Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd.



Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1258: 530. 
Ecology: Cultivated shrub, tree. Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Cook & Gilbert 2075 (US)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Bougainvillea spinosa (Cav.) Heimerl



Bougainvillea spinosa (Cav.) Heimerl

Synonyms: Bougainvillea spinosa Cav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1258: 531. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7414 (B)
Departments: Tacna.


$


 Bougueria nubicola Decne.



Bougueria nubicola Decne.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1375: 280. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands. 2000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Hawkes et al. 5079 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Puno.


$


 Boussingaultia baselloides Kunth


Boussingaultia baselloides Kunth = Anredera baselloides (Kunth) Baill.

Reference: Sperling, C. R., 1987: 214. 


$


 Boussingaultia boliviensis (Hauman) J.F. Macbr.


Boussingaultia boliviensis (Hauman) J.F. Macbr. = Anredera ramosa (Moq.) Eliasson

Reference: FP 1265: 577; Sperling, C. R., 1987: 222. 


$


 Boussingaultia cordifolia Ten.


Boussingaultia cordifolia Ten. = Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis

Reference: Sperling, C. R., 1987: 183. 


$


 Boussingaultia diffusa (Moq.) Volkens


Boussingaultia diffusa (Moq.) Volkens = Anredera diffusa (Moq.) Sperling

Reference: FP 1265: 576; Sperling, C. R., 1987: 234. 


$


 Boussingaultia filiformis (Moquin-Tandon) Hauman


Boussingaultia filiformis (Moquin-Tandon) Hauman = Anredera ramosa (Moq.) Eliasson

Reference: FP 1265: 577; Sperling, C. R., 1987: 222. 


$


 Boussingaultia marginata (Kunth) Britton ex Rusby


Boussingaultia marginata (Kunth) Britton ex Rusby = Anredera marginata (Kunth) Sperling

Reference: Sperling, C. R., 1987: 254. 


$


 Boussingaultia minor Diels



Boussingaultia minor Diels

Reference: Flora Peru: 1265: 577. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Sperling (1987: 266) lists this as an uncertain species. 


$


 Boussingaultia ramosa (Moq.) Hemsl.



Boussingaultia ramosa (Moq.) Hemsl.

$


 Boussingaultia ramosa var. boliviensis Hauman


Boussingaultia ramosa var. boliviensis Hauman = Anredera ramosa (Moq.) Eliasson

Reference: FP 1265: 577; Sperling, C. R., 1987: 222. 


$


 Boussingaultia weberbaueri Ulbr.


Boussingaultia weberbaueri Ulbr. = Anredera baselloides (Kunth) Baill.

Reference: FP 1265: 578; Sperling, C. R., 1987: 214. 


$


 Bouteloua aristidoides (Kunth) Griseb.



Bouteloua aristidoides (Kunth) Griseb.

Synonyms: Bouteloua aristidoides (J. Presl) Kunth, Bouteloua aristidoides J. Presl, Bouteloua aristidoides Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 194; Gould, F. W., 1979: 388. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I, Coastal: beach, rocky slopes. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: L&oacute;pez et al. 9198 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Piura, Tumbes.


$


 Bouteloua curtipendula (Michx.) Torr.



Bouteloua curtipendula (Michx.) Torr.

Synonyms: Bouteloua curtipendula Michx.
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 194. 
Note: The Peruvian collections of this species are referred to B. curtipendula var. caespitosa by Gould (1979). 


$


 Bouteloua curtipendula var.caespitosa Gould & Kapadia



Bouteloua curtipendula var. caespitosa Gould & Kapadia

Reference: Gould, F. W., 1979: 377. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: desert, dry valleys, rocky slopes. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui 14039 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Apur&iacute;mac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Lambayeque, Puno.


$


 Bouteloua disticha (Kunth) Benth.



Bouteloua disticha (Kunth) Benth.

Synonyms: Bouteloua disticha (Hook. f.) Benth. ex S. Watson, Bouteloua disticha Hook. f., Bouteloua disticha Kunth, Bouteloua disticha Pilg.
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 195; Gould, F. W., 1979: 366. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I, Coastal: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: S&aacute;nchez 2980 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lambayeque, La Libertad, Piura, Tumbes.


$


 Bouteloua media (E. Fourn.) Gould & Kapadia



Bouteloua media (E. Fourn.) Gould & Kapadia

Synonyms: Bouteloua media E. Fourn.
Reference: Gould, F. W., 1979: 366. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-III: disturbed areas, riversides. 0-4000 m. 
Note: According to Tovar (pers. comm.) this species may be equal to Bouteloua curtipendula var. caespitosa. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 22771 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Apur&iacute;mac, Cajamarca.


$


 Bouteloua pilosa (Hook. f.) Benth. ex S. Watson


Bouteloua pilosa (Hook. f.) Benth. ex S. Watson = Bouteloua disticha (Kunth) Benth.

Reference: FP 719: 195; Gould, F. W., 1979: 366. 


$


 Bouteloua piurensis Pilg.


Bouteloua piurensis Pilg. = Bouteloua disticha (Kunth) Benth.

Reference: FP 719: 195; Gould, F. W., 1979: 366. 


$


 Bouteloua simplex Lag.


Bouteloua simplex Lag. = Chondrosum simplex (Lag.) Kunth

Reference: FP 719: 195; Clayton, W. D., 1982: 417. 


$


 Bowdichia brasiliensis (Tul.) Ducke


Bowdichia brasiliensis (Tul.) Ducke = Diplotropis brasiliensis (Tul.) Benth.

Reference: Spichiger, R., J. Meroz, P. Loizeau & L. Stutz de Ortega, 1989: 316; Lima, H. C. de, 1985: 69. 


$


 Bowdichia martiusii (Benth.) Ducke


Bowdichia martiusii (Benth.) Ducke = Diplotropis martiusii Benth.

Reference: Lima, H. C. de, 1985: 70. 


$


 Bowlesia acutangula Benth.


Bowlesia acutangula Benth. = Bowlesia lobata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1293: 30; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1965: 20; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 17. 


$


 Bowlesia acutiloba H. Wolff


Bowlesia acutiloba H. Wolff = Bowlesia lobata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1293: 30; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1965: 20; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 17. 


$


 Bowlesia argenticaulis Mathias & Constance



Bowlesia argenticaulis Mathias & Constance

Reference: Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1971: 99. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: disturbed areas, grasslands, shrublands. 3500-4000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Hutchison et al. 6261* (MO!)
Departments: La Libertad.


$


 Bowlesia asiatica Nasir


Bowlesia asiatica Nasir = Bowlesia incana Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1293: 30; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1965: 33. 
Note: NN  


$


 Bowlesia brevipes Phil. ex Reiche


Bowlesia brevipes Phil. ex Reiche = Bowlesia incana Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1293: 30. 
Note: NN  


$


 Bowlesia cirrosa Phil.


Bowlesia cirrosa Phil. = Bowlesia tropaeolifolia Gillies & Hook.

Reference: FP 1293: 36; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1965: 15. 


$


 Bowlesia diversifolia Meyen


Bowlesia diversifolia Meyen = Bowlesia tropaeolifolia Gillies & Hook.

Reference: FP 1293: 30; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1965: 15. 
Note: Questionably placed in synonymy under B. lobata R. & P. in the Flora of Peru.  


$


 Bowlesia flabilis J.F. Macbr.



Bowlesia flabilis J.F. Macbr.

Synonyms: Bowlesia flabilis (Bentham) Drude, Bowlesia flabilis Kuntze
Reference: Flora Peru: 1293: 29; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1965: 36. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub, vine. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 1718* (F)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Puno.


$


 Bowlesia flexilis Meyen


Bowlesia flexilis Meyen = Bowlesia tropaeolifolia Gillies & Hook.

Reference: FP 1293: 36; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1965: 15. 


$


 Bowlesia geraniifolia Cham. & Schltdl.


Bowlesia geraniifolia Cham. & Schltdl. = Bowlesia incana Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1293: 30; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1965: 31. 
Note: NN  


$


 Bowlesia incana fo. crassifolia Urb.


Bowlesia incana fo. crassifolia Urb. = Bowlesia incana Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1293: 30; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1965: 31. 
Note: NN  


$


 Bowlesia incana fo. tenera (Sprengel) Urb.


Bowlesia incana fo. tenera (Sprengel) Urb. = Bowlesia incana Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1293: 30; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1965: 31. 
Note: NN  


$


 Bowlesia incana Ruiz & Pav.



Bowlesia incana Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Bowlesia incana (Sprengel) Urb., Bowlesia incana C. Presl ex DC., Bowlesia incana Cham. & Schltdl., Bowlesia incana J.M. Coult. & Rose, Bowlesia incana Larra&ntilde;aga, Bowlesia incana Nasir, Bowlesia incana Phil., Bowlesia incana Phil. ex Reiche, Bowlesia incana Spreng., Bowlesia incana Urb.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1293: 30; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1965: 31. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Although claimed as Peruvian in origin, the type material is from "Concepcion de Chile" (Mathias & Constance, 1965). 


$


 Bowlesia lobata Ruiz & Pav.



Bowlesia lobata Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Bowlesia lobata Benth., Bowlesia lobata H. Wolff
Reference: Flora Peru: 1293: 30; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1965: 20; Tzvelev, N. N., 1971: 17. 
Ecology. 2500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz s.n.* (B photo F), Killip & Smith 21605 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Lima, Pasco, Puno.


$


 Bowlesia lobata var. chiclensis Ball


Bowlesia lobata var. chiclensis Ball = Bowlesia setigera H. Wolff

Reference: FP 1293: 33; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1965: 50; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 19. 


$


 Bowlesia lobata var. humifusa Ball


Bowlesia lobata var. humifusa Ball = Bowlesia tenella Meyen

Reference: FP 1293: 35; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1965: 47. 


$


 Bowlesia mandonii Rusby


Bowlesia mandonii Rusby = Bowlesia tenella Meyen

Reference: FP 1293: 35; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1965: 47. 


$


 Bowlesia nodiflora C. Presl ex DC.


Bowlesia nodiflora C. Presl ex DC. = Bowlesia incana Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1293: 30; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1965: 31. 
Note: NN  


$


 Bowlesia palmata Ruiz & Pav.



Bowlesia palmata Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Bowlesia palmata Kuntze
Reference: Flora Peru: 1293: 32; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1965: 52; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 19. 
Ecology: Native herb, vine. Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas, lomas, rocky slopes. 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (P), Hutchison 1308 (UC)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Bowlesia palmata var. acutangula Kuntze


Bowlesia palmata var. acutangula Kuntze = Bowlesia flabilis J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 1293: 29, 30; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1965: 36; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 18. 


$


 Bowlesia palmata var. lacerata Kuntze


Bowlesia palmata var. lacerata Kuntze = Bowlesia palmata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1293: 32; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1965: 32; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 19. 


$


 Bowlesia pulchella Wedd.


Bowlesia pulchella Wedd. = Bowlesia tropaeolifolia Gillies & Hook.

Reference: FP 1293: 36; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1965: 15. 


$


 Bowlesia rotundifolia Phil.


Bowlesia rotundifolia Phil. = Bowlesia incana Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1293: 30; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1965: 33. 
Note: NN  


$


 Bowlesia rubra Larra&ntilde;aga


Bowlesia rubra Larra&ntilde;aga = Bowlesia incana Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1293: 30; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1965: 33. 
Note: NN  


$


 Bowlesia rupestris H. Wolff


Bowlesia rupestris H. Wolff = Bowlesia tropaeolifolia Gillies & Hook.

Reference: FP 1293: 37; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1965: 15. 


$


 Bowlesia septentrionalis J.M. Coult. & Rose


Bowlesia septentrionalis J.M. Coult. & Rose = Bowlesia incana Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1293: 30; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1965: 33. 


$


 Bowlesia setigera H. Wolff



Bowlesia setigera H. Wolff

Synonyms: Bowlesia setigera Ball
Reference: Flora Peru: 1293: 33; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1965: 50; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 19. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands. 1500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 2659* (B photo F), Killip & Smith 21641 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Lima.


$


 Bowlesia sodiroana H. Wolff



Bowlesia sodiroana H. Wolff

Reference: Flora Peru: 1293: 34; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1965: 43; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 18. 
Ecology: Native herb, vine. Andean I-III, Coastal: grasslands, lomas. 0-4000 m. 
Voucher: Worth & Morrison 15714 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Lima.


$


 Bowlesia tenella Meyen



Bowlesia tenella Meyen

Synonyms: Bowlesia tenella Ball, Bowlesia tenella Rusby
Reference: Flora Peru: 1293: 35; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1965: 47. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: rocky slopes. 3500-4500 m. 
Note:   
Voucher: Meyen s.n.* (B photo F), Smith et al. 9677 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Puno, Tacna.


$


 Bowlesia tenera Spreng.


Bowlesia tenera Spreng. = Bowlesia incana Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1293: 30; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1965: 31. 
Note: NN  


$


 Bowlesia tropaeolifolia Gillies & Hook.



Bowlesia tropaeolifolia Gillies & Hook.

Synonyms: Bowlesia tropaeolifolia Domin, Bowlesia tropaeolifolia H. Wolff, Bowlesia tropaeolifolia Meyen, Bowlesia tropaeolifolia Meyen, Bowlesia tropaeolifolia Phil., Bowlesia tropaeolifolia Reiche, Bowlesia tropaeolifolia Speg., Bowlesia tropaeolifolia Speg., Bowlesia tropaeolifolia Wedd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1293: 36; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1965: 15. 
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Andean II-III: grasslands, rocky slopes, shrublands. 3000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7349 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Moquegua, Pasco, Puno, Tacna.


$


 Bowlesia tropaeolifolia var. cirrosa Reiche


Bowlesia tropaeolifolia var. cirrosa Reiche = Bowlesia tropaeolifolia Gillies & Hook.

Reference: FP 1293: 36; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1965: 15. 


$


 Bowlesia tropaeolifolia var. gayana Domin


Bowlesia tropaeolifolia var. gayana Domin = Bowlesia tropaeolifolia Gillies & Hook.

Reference: FP 1293: 37; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1965: 15. 


$


 Bowlesia tropaeolifolia var. heterophylla Speg.


Bowlesia tropaeolifolia var. heterophylla Speg. = Bowlesia tropaeolifolia Gillies & Hook.

Reference: FP 1293: 37; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1965: 15. 


$


 Bowlesia tropaeolifolia var. patagonica Speg.


Bowlesia tropaeolifolia var. patagonica Speg. = Bowlesia tropaeolifolia Gillies & Hook.

Reference: FP 1293: 37; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1965: 15. 


$


 Brachiaria arrecta (Hack. ex T. Durand & Schinz) Stent


Brachiaria arrecta (Hack. ex T. Durand & Schinz) Stent = Urochloa arrecta (Hack. ex T. Durand & Schinz) Morrone & Zuloaga

Reference: Morrone, O. & F. O. Zuloaga, 1992: 69; Stent, S. M., 1924: 263. 


$


 Brachiaria brizantha (Hochst. ex A. Rich.) Stapf


Brachiaria brizantha (Hochst. ex A. Rich.) Stapf = Urochloa brizantha (Hochst. ex A. Rich.) R.D. Webster

Reference: Morrone, O. & F. O. Zuloaga, 1992: 70. 


$


 Brachiaria decumbens Stapf


Brachiaria decumbens Stapf = Urochloa decumbens (Stapf) R.D. Webster

$


 Brachiaria eminii (Mez) Robyns


Brachiaria eminii (Mez) Robyns = Urochloa eminii (Mez) Davidse

Reference: , : 336. 


$


 Brachiaria fasciculata (Sw.) Parodi


Brachiaria fasciculata (Sw.) Parodi = Urochloa fasciculata (Sw.) R.D. Webster

Reference: Morrone, O. & F. O. Zuloaga, 1992: 77; Parodi, L. R., 1969: 96. 


$


 Brachiaria lorentziana (Mez) Parodi


Brachiaria lorentziana (Mez) Parodi = Urochloa lorentziana (Mez) Morrone & Zuloaga

Reference: Morrone, O. & F. O. Zuloaga, 1992: 82; Parodi, L. R., 1969: 99; Tovar, O., 1986: 50. 


$


 Brachiaria mollis (Sw.) Parodi


Brachiaria mollis (Sw.) Parodi = Urochloa mollis (Sw.) Morrone & Zuloaga

Reference: Morrone, O. & F. O. Zuloaga, 1992: 85; Tovar, O., 1981: 108. 


$


 Brachiaria mutica (Forssk.) Stapf


Brachiaria mutica (Forssk.) Stapf = Urochloa mutica (Forssk.) Nguyen

Reference: Morrone, O. & F. O. Zuloaga, 1992: 88; Pohl, R. W., 1980: 105. 


$


 Brachiaria oblita (Swallen) Tovar


Brachiaria oblita (Swallen) Tovar = Urochloa oblita (Swallen) Morrone & Zuloaga

Reference: Morrone, O. & F. O. Zuloaga, 1992: 92; Tovar, O., 1986: 50. 


$


 Brachiaria ramosa (L.) Stapf


Brachiaria ramosa (L.) Stapf = Urochloa ramosa (L.) Nguyen

Reference: Clayton, W. D. & S. A. Renvoize, 1982: 599. 


$


 Brachiaria ruziziensis Germ. & Evrard


Brachiaria ruziziensis Germ. & Evrard = Urochloa ruziziensis (Germ. & Evrard) Morrone & Zuloaga

Reference: Morrone, O. & F. O. Zuloaga, 1992: 101. 


$


 Brachionidium phalangiferum Garay



Brachionidium phalangiferum Garay

Reference: Flora Peru: 1510: 32. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Brachionidium serratum Schltr.



Brachionidium serratum Schltr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1467: 360; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Brachistus actinocalyx H. Winkler


Brachistus actinocalyx H. Winkler = Lycianthes actinocalyx (H. Winkler) Bitter

$


 Brachistus ciliatus (Kunth) Miers


Brachistus ciliatus (Kunth) Miers = Capsicum rhomboideum (Dunal) Kuntze

Reference: Hunziker, pers. comm.. 


$


 Brachistus coccineus Rusby


Brachistus coccineus Rusby = Capsicum coccineum (Rusby) Hunziker

Reference: Hunziker, A. T., 1956: 73. 


$


 Brachistus dumetorum (Dunal) Miers


Brachistus dumetorum (Dunal) Miers = Capsicum rhomboideum (Dunal) Kuntze

Reference: Hunziker, pers. comm.. 


$


 Brachistus fasciculatus Rusby


Brachistus fasciculatus Rusby = Lycianthes fasciculata (Rusby) Bitter

$


 Brachistus haughtii Svenson


Brachistus haughtii Svenson = Capsicum rhomboideum (Dunal) Kuntze

Reference: FP 1349: 72; Hunziker, A. T., 1969: 167. 


$


 Brachistus hookerianus Miers


Brachistus hookerianus Miers = Capsicum hookerianum (Miers) Kuntze

Reference: A. T. Hunziker, pers. comm.. 


$


 Brachistus lanceaefolius Miers


Brachistus lanceaefolius Miers = Capsicum pubescens Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1349: 72; Hunziker, A. T., 1969: 167. 


$


 Brachistus leptocaulis Rusby


Brachistus leptocaulis Rusby = Lycianthes leptocaulis (Rusby) Rusby

$


 Brachistus macrophyllus (Kunth ex Dunal) Miers


Brachistus macrophyllus (Kunth ex Dunal) Miers = Witheringia solanacea L'H&eacute;r.

Reference: FP 1349: 73; Hunziker, A. T., 1969: 136. 


$


 Brachistus mollis (Kunth) Miers


Brachistus mollis (Kunth) Miers = Capsicum rhomboideum (Dunal) Kuntze

Reference: FP 1349: 74; Hunziker, A. T., 1969: 167; Hunziker, A. T., 1971: 251. 


$


 Brachistus pringlei S. Watson


Brachistus pringlei S. Watson = Capsicum rhomboideum (Dunal) Kuntze

Reference: Hunziker, pers. comm.. 


$


 Brachistus rhomboideus (Dunal) Miers


Brachistus rhomboideus (Dunal) Miers = Capsicum rhomboideum (Dunal) Kuntze

Reference: Hunziker, pers. comm.. 


$


 Brachistus spruceanus (Hunziker) D'Arcy



Brachistus spruceanus (Hunziker) D'Arcy

Synonyms: Brachistus spruceanus Hunziker


$


 Brachtia andina Rchb. f.



Brachtia andina Rchb. f.

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Pastorelli illus.  


$


 Brachychiton acerifolius (Cunn.) Macarthur



Brachychiton acerifolius (Cunn.) Macarthur

Synonyms: Brachychiton acerifolius A. Cunn.
Reference: Guymer, G. P., 1988: 225. 
Ecology: Cultivated tree. Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Soukup 2900 (US!)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Brachychiton populneus (Schott & Endlicher) R. Br.



Brachychiton populneus (Schott & Endlicher) R. Br.

$


 Brachychiton populneus subsp.populneus



Brachychiton populneus subsp. populneus 

Synonyms: Brachychiton populneus populneus Schott & Endlicher
Reference: Soukup, J., 1974: 74; Guymer, G. P., 1988: 232. 
Ecology: Cultivated tree. Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Encarnaci&oacute;n 285 (MO!)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Brachyloma longifolium (Lindl.) Oerst.


Brachyloma longifolium (Lindl.) Oerst. = Kohleria spicata (Kunth) Oerst.

$


 Brachyloma petiolare (Benth.) Oerst.


Brachyloma petiolare (Benth.) Oerst. = Kohleria spicata (Kunth) Oerst.

$


 Brachynema ramiflorum Benth.



Brachynema ramiflorum Benth.

Reference: Sleumer, H. , 1984: 100. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Rimachi 4465 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Brachyotum alpinum Cogn.



Brachyotum alpinum Cogn.

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 265; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 91. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Brachyotum andreanum Cogn.



Brachyotum andreanum Cogn.

Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 85. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: D&iacute;az & V&aacute;squez 2990 (US!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Piura.


$


 Brachyotum angustifolium Wurdack



Brachyotum angustifolium Wurdack

Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1953: 401. 
Ecology. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 1253* (K), Smith & V&aacute;squez 5035 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Brachyotum asperum Cogn.


Brachyotum asperum Cogn. = Brachyotum radula Triana

Reference: FP 761: 265; Wurdack, J. J., 1953: 367. 


$


 Brachyotum barbeyanum Cogn.



Brachyotum barbeyanum Cogn.

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 265; Wurdack, J. J., 1953: 366. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: shrublands. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (G), Wurdack 1620 (US!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Brachyotum benthamianum Triana



Brachyotum benthamianum Triana

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 266; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 85. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I: forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Stein & Todzia 2201 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Brachyotum callosum J.F. Macbr.


Brachyotum callosum J.F. Macbr. = Brachyotum rostratum (Naudin) Triana

Reference: FP 761: 274; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 94. 


$


 Brachyotum campanulare (Bonpl.) Triana



Brachyotum campanulare (Bonpl.) Triana

Synonyms: Brachyotum campanulare Bonpl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 266; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 84. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: shrublands. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Bird 1076 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Brachyotum canescens (Bonpl.) Triana


Brachyotum canescens (Bonpl.) Triana = Brachyotum ledifolium (Desr.) Triana

Reference: FP 761: 266; Wurdack, J. J., 1953: 371. 
Note: NN  


$


 Brachyotum cernuum (Bonpl.) Triana



Brachyotum cernuum (Bonpl.) Triana

Synonyms: Brachyotum cernuum Bonpl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 267; Wurdack, J. J., 1953: 385. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Brachyotum cogniauxii Wurdack



Brachyotum cogniauxii Wurdack

Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1953: 392. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: elfin forests. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 15660* (PH), Smith 6090 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, La Libertad.


$


 Brachyotum confertum (Bonpl.) Triana



Brachyotum confertum (Bonpl.) Triana

Synonyms: Brachyotum confertum Bonpl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 267; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 92. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Brachyotum coronatum (Triana) Wurdack



Brachyotum coronatum (Triana) Wurdack

Synonyms: Brachyotum coronatum (Triana) Cogn., Brachyotum coronatum Cogn., Brachyotum coronatum Triana
Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1965: 379. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 3211* (K), D&iacute;az & Osores 2598 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca.


$


 Brachyotum cutervoanum Wurdack



Brachyotum cutervoanum Wurdack

Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1967: 257. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: forests. 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui 5384* (US!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Brachyotum figueroae J.F. Macbr.



Brachyotum figueroae J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 267; Wurdack, J. J., 1953: 398. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: rocky slopes, riversides. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 2504* (NY)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Lambayeque, La Libertad.


$


 Brachyotum floribundum Griseb. ex Triana ex Cogn.


Brachyotum floribundum Griseb. ex Triana ex Cogn. = Brachyotum sanguinolentum (Naud.) Triana

Reference: FP 761: 268; Wurdack, J. J., 1953: 378. 


$


 Brachyotum grisebachii Cogn.



Brachyotum grisebachii Cogn.

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 268; Wurdack, J. J., 1953: 380. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III: forests. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Lechler 4066* (US!), Foster & Wachter 7534 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco, Puno.


$


 Brachyotum huancavelicae Wurdack



Brachyotum huancavelicae Wurdack

Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1953: 381. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: shrublands. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Stork & Horton 10295* (F photo MO!), Raimondi 10202 (USM)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Brachyotum intermedium Wurdack



Brachyotum intermedium Wurdack

Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1953: 367. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Mathews 3219 p.p. (K)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Brachyotum ledifolium (Desr.) Triana



Brachyotum ledifolium (Desr.) Triana

Synonyms: Brachyotum ledifolium (Bonpl.) Triana, Brachyotum ledifolium Bonpl., Brachyotum ledifolium Desr., Brachyotum ledifolium Naudin, Brachyotum ledifolium Naudin
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 268; Wurdack, J. J., 1953: 371; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 87. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Brachyotum longisepalum Wurdack



Brachyotum longisepalum Wurdack

Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1965: 381. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: grasslands. 3000-4500 m. 
Voucher: L&oacute;pez & Sag&aacute;stegui 3338* (US), Smith et al. 10416 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, La Libertad.


$


 Brachyotum lutescens (R. & P.) Triana



Brachyotum lutescens (R. & P.) Triana

Synonyms: Brachyotum lutescens Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 269; Wurdack, J. J., 1953: 400. 
Ecology. 1500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (US!), Macbride 4927 (US!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto.


$


 Brachyotum lycopodioides Triana



Brachyotum lycopodioides Triana

Synonyms: Brachyotum lycopodioides Markgr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 269; Wurdack, J. J., 1953: 396. 
Ecology. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4399* (MOL!, US!), Wurdack 1411 (AMAZ!, US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Brachyotum markgrafii Wurdack



Brachyotum markgrafii Wurdack

Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1953: 395. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: elfin forests. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Pearce s.n.* (K), van der Werff et al. 8573 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco.


$


 Brachyotum maximowiczii Cogn.



Brachyotum maximowiczii Cogn.

$


 Brachyotum maximowiczii var.longifolium Wurdack



Brachyotum maximowiczii var. longifolium Wurdack

Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1953: 369. 
Ecology. 3000-3500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Pennell 15857* (PH photo US!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Brachyotum maximowiczii var.maximowiczii



Brachyotum maximowiczii var. maximowiczii 

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 270; Wurdack, J. J., 1953: 369. 
Ecology. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 1256* (K), Barbour 3227 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Brachyotum microphyllum (Naudin) Triana



Brachyotum microphyllum (Naudin) Triana

Synonyms: Brachyotum microphyllum Naudin
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 270. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Brachyotum minimum Markgr.


Brachyotum minimum Markgr. = Brachyotum lycopodioides Triana

Reference: FP 761: 270; Wurdack, J. J., 1953: 396. 


$


 Brachyotum multinervium Wurdack



Brachyotum multinervium Wurdack

Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1965: 379. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas. 3000-3500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Wurdack 1304* (US!), Plowman 5570 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Brachyotum multituberculum Wurdack



Brachyotum multituberculum Wurdack

Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1953: 394. 
Ecology. 3000-3500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Williams 7587* (F)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Brachyotum naudinii Triana



Brachyotum naudinii Triana

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 270; Wurdack, J. J., 1953: 383. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: disturbed areas. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (F), Vargas 575 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, La Libertad, Piura.


$


 Brachyotum nutans Gleason



Brachyotum nutans Gleason

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 271; Wurdack, J. J., 1953: 382. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: grasslands. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 13847* (US!), Cook & Gibert 1244 (US!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cuzco.


$


 Brachyotum parvifolium Cogn.



Brachyotum parvifolium Cogn.

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 271; Wurdack, J. J., 1953: 366. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas. 1500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4406* (US!), Ferreyra 15471 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Lambayeque.


$


 Brachyotum pentlandii (Naud.) Triana



Brachyotum pentlandii (Naud.) Triana

Synonyms: Brachyotum pentlandii Naudin
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 271. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Brachyotum quinquenerve (Ruiz & Pav.) Triana



Brachyotum quinquenerve (Ruiz & Pav.) Triana

$


 Brachyotum quinquenerve var.pusillum Wurdack



Brachyotum quinquenerve var. pusillum Wurdack

Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1953: 361. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, dry valleys. 1500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 15772* (PH), Smith 4807 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Piura, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Brachyotum quinquenerve var.quinquenerve



Brachyotum quinquenerve var. quinquenerve 

Synonyms: Brachyotum quinquenerve quinquenerve Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 222; Wurdack, J. J., 1953: 360. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I-II: grasslands, shrublands. 500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Smith 8206 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco.


$


 Brachyotum racemosum Cogn.


Brachyotum racemosum Cogn. = Brachyotum coronatum (Triana) Wurdack

Reference: FP 761: 272; Wurdack, J. J., 1965: 379. 


$


 Brachyotum radula Triana



Brachyotum radula Triana

Synonyms: Brachyotum radula Cogn.
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 273; Wurdack, J. J., 1953: 369. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: cloud forests. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 3210* (US!), Hutchison & Bismarck 6466 (US!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca.


$


 Brachyotum rosmarinifolium (R. & P.) Triana



Brachyotum rosmarinifolium (R. & P.) Triana

Synonyms: Brachyotum rosmarinifolium Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 273; Wurdack, J. J., 1953: 397. 
Ecology. 3000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (F), Metcalf 30458 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Brachyotum rostratum (Naudin) Triana



Brachyotum rostratum (Naudin) Triana

Synonyms: Brachyotum rostratum Cogn., Brachyotum rostratum J.F. Macbr., Brachyotum rostratum Naudin
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 274; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 94. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands, rocky slopes. 2500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (F), D&iacute;az 2902 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad, Pasco, Piura, Puno.


$


 Brachyotum sanguinolentum (Naud.) Triana



Brachyotum sanguinolentum (Naud.) Triana

Synonyms: Brachyotum sanguinolentum Griseb. ex Triana ex Cogn., Brachyotum sanguinolentum Naudin
Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1953: 378. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: elfin forests. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Stein & Todzia 2321 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Pasco.


$


 Brachyotum strigosum (L.f.) Triana



Brachyotum strigosum (L.f.) Triana

Synonyms: Brachyotum strigosum Bonpl., Brachyotum strigosum L.f.
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 274. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Brachyotum trianaei Cogn.


Brachyotum trianaei Cogn. = Brachyotum rostratum (Naudin) Triana

Reference: FP 761: 274; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 94. 


$


 Brachyotum tyrianthinum J.F. Macbr.



Brachyotum tyrianthinum J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 275; Wurdack, J. J., 1953: 384. 
Ecology. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 1438* (US!), S&aacute;nchez 833 (US!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Brachyotum virescens (Naudin) Wurdack



Brachyotum virescens (Naudin) Wurdack

Synonyms: Brachyotum virescens Cogn.
Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1988: 296. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: D&iacute;az & Bale&oacute;n 2218 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Brachyotum weberbaueri Cogn.



Brachyotum weberbaueri Cogn.

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 275; Wurdack, J. J., 1953: 373. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: cloud forests. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4405* (MOL!, US!), Hutchison & Wright 5683 (US!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Brachypodium distachyon (L.) P. Beauv.



Brachypodium distachyon (L.) P. Beauv.

Synonyms: Brachypodium distachyon L.
Reference: 0010982, : 334. 
Ecology: Introduced herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: S&aacute;nchez 2003 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco.


$


 Brachypodium mexicanum (Roem. & Schult.) Link



Brachypodium mexicanum (Roem. & Schult.) Link

Synonyms: Brachypodium mexicanum Roem. & Schult.
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 117; Tovar, O., 1957: 16. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands, riversides. 2500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Smith & Goodwin 8823 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Brachypodium peruvianum Roem. & Schult. ex Kunth


Brachypodium peruvianum Roem. & Schult. ex Kunth = Triticum peruvianum Lam.

Reference: Chase, A. & C. D. Niles, 1962: 364. 
Note: NN  


$


 Brachystele lechleri Schltr.


Brachystele lechleri Schltr. = Brachystele unilateralis (Poir.) Schltr.

Reference: FP 1438: 140; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Brachystele ulaei (Cogn.) Schltr.



Brachystele ulaei (Cogn.) Schltr.

Synonyms: Brachystele ulaei Cogn.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 148; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Brachystele unilateralis (Poir.) Schltr.



Brachystele unilateralis (Poir.) Schltr.

Synonyms: Brachystele unilateralis (Schltr.) C. Schweinf., Brachystele unilateralis Schltr.
Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Lechler 2133 
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Puno.


$


 Bradburya brasiliana (L.) Kuntze


Bradburya brasiliana (L.) Kuntze = Centrosema brasilianum (L.) Benth. var. brasilianum 

Reference: Barbosa-Fevereiro, V. P., 1977: 176; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 269. 


$


 Bradburya macrocarpa (Benth.) Kuntze


Bradburya macrocarpa (Benth.) Kuntze = Centrosema macrocarpum Benth.

Reference: Barbosa-Fevereiro, V. P., 1977: 187. 
Note: NN  


$


 Bradburya plumieri (Turpin ex Pers.) Kuntze


Bradburya plumieri (Turpin ex Pers.) Kuntze = Centrosema plumieri (Turpin ex Pers.) Benth.

Reference: Barbosa-Fevereiro, V. P., 1977: 171; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 270. 


$


 Bradburya pubescens (Benth.) Kuntze


Bradburya pubescens (Benth.) Kuntze = Centrosema pubescens Benth.

Reference: Barbosa-Fevereiro, V. P., 1977: 185. 


$


 Bradburya triquetra (Hoffmanns. ex Benth.) Kuntze


Bradburya triquetra (Hoffmanns. ex Benth.) Kuntze = Centrosema triquetrum (Hoffmanns. ex Benth.) Benth.

Reference: Barbosa-Fevereiro, V. P., 1977: 170. 


$


 Bradburya vexillata (Benth.) Kuntze


Bradburya vexillata (Benth.) Kuntze = Centrosema vexillatum Benth.

Reference: Barbosa-Fevereiro, V. P., 1977: 175. 


$


 Bradburya virginiana (L.) Kuntze


Bradburya virginiana (L.) Kuntze = Centrosema virginianum (L.) Benth.

Reference: Barbosa-Fevereiro, V. P., 1977: 190; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 271. 


$


 Braemia vittata (Lindl.) Jenny



Braemia vittata (Lindl.) Jenny

Synonyms: Braemia vittata (Lindl.) Rchb. f., Braemia vittata (Ruiz & Pav.) Willd., Braemia vittata Lindl., Braemia vittata Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Jenny, R., 1985: 38. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: forests on white sand. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: van der Werff 9836 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Bramia indica Lam.


Bramia indica Lam. = Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell

Reference: FP 1361: 480. 


$


 Bramia monnieri (L.) Pennell


Bramia monnieri (L.) Pennell = Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell

Reference: FP 1361: 480. 


$


 Brandesia elongata (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Mart.


Brandesia elongata (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Mart. = Alternanthera elongata var. elongata 

Reference: FP 1255: 497. 


$


 Brandesia lanceolata Benth.


Brandesia lanceolata Benth. = Alternanthera mexicana (Schltdl.) Hieron.

Reference: FP 1255: 500; Eliasson, U., 1987: 91. 


$


 Brandesia mexicana Schltdl.


Brandesia mexicana Schltdl. = Alternanthera mexicana (Schltdl.) Hieron.

Reference: FP 1255: 503; Eliasson, U., 1987: 91. 


$


 Brandesia porrigens (Jacq.) Mart.


Brandesia porrigens (Jacq.) Mart. = Alternanthera porrigens (Jacq.) Kuntze var. porrigens 

Reference: FP 1255: 506. 


$


 Brandesia pubiflora Benth.


Brandesia pubiflora Benth. = Alternanthera pubiflora (Benth.) Kuntze

Reference: FP 1255: 506; Eliasson, U., 1987: 95. 


$


 Brasiliopuntia brasiliensis (Willd.) A. Berger


Brasiliopuntia brasiliensis (Willd.) A. Berger = Opuntia brasiliensis (Willd.) Haw.

Reference: Hunt, D., 1992: 38. 


$


 Brassavola amazonica Poepp. & Endl.



Brassavola amazonica Poepp. & Endl.

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Brassavola cebolleta Rchb. f.



Brassavola cebolleta Rchb. f.

Synonyms: Brassavola cebolleta C. Schweinf., Brassavola cebolleta Kraenzl.
Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 9782 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Brassavola chocoensis Kraenzl.


Brassavola chocoensis Kraenzl. = Brassavola cebolleta Rchb. f.

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Brassavola grandiflora Lindl.



Brassavola grandiflora Lindl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 538; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Brassavola nodosa (L.) Lindl.



Brassavola nodosa (L.) Lindl.

Synonyms: Brassavola nodosa (L.) Rchb. f., Brassavola nodosa (L.) Sw., Brassavola nodosa L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 538; Carnevali, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Brassavola ovaliformis C. Schweinf.


Brassavola ovaliformis C. Schweinf. = Brassavola cebolleta Rchb. f.

Reference: FP 1473: 538; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Brassavola retusa Lindl.



Brassavola retusa Lindl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1510: 46; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Brassavola venosa Lindl.



Brassavola venosa Lindl.

Synonyms: Brassavola venosa Rchb. f.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 538; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru. Known from Central America  


$


 Brassia arcuigera Rchb. f.



Brassia arcuigera Rchb. f.

Synonyms: Brassia arcuigera (Rchb. f.) Nash, Brassia arcuigera Rchb. f.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1484: 835; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 23 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Brassia aurorae Bennett



Brassia aurorae Bennett

Reference: Bennett Jr., D. E., 1992: 87. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: grasslands. 1500-2000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Bennett & Bennett 3811* (USM)
Departments: Pasco.


$


 Brassia bicolor Rolfe


Brassia bicolor Rolfe = Brassia wageneri Rchb. f.

Reference: FP 1484: 836; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Brassia bidens Lindl.



Brassia bidens Lindl.

Synonyms: Brassia bidens (Lindl.) Rchb. f., Brassia bidens Hooker
Reference: Flora Peru: 1484: 836; Carnevali, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru. Endemic to the Guianas area.  


$


 Brassia brachypus Rchb. f.


Brassia brachypus Rchb. f. = Ada brachypus (Rchb. f.) N.H. Williams

Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 2. 


$


 Brassia caudata (L.) Lindl.



Brassia caudata (L.) Lindl.

Synonyms: Brassia caudata L., Brassia caudata Rchb. f., Brassia caudata Rolfe, Brassia caudata Willd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1484: 837; Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 13. 
Ecology. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 5306 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Brassia cauliformis C. Schweinf.



Brassia cauliformis C. Schweinf.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1484: 837; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. Andean II: shrublands. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7823* 
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Brassia cryptophthalma Rchb. f.


Brassia cryptophthalma Rchb. f. = Brassia wageneri Rchb. f.

Reference: FP 1484: 840; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Brassia elegantula Rchb. f.


Brassia elegantula Rchb. f. = Ada elegantula (Rchb. f.) N.H. Williams

Reference: FP 1484: 840; Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 3. 


$


 Brassia euodes Rchb. f.


Brassia euodes Rchb. f. = Ada elegantula (Rchb. f.) N.H. Williams

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Brassia filomenoi Schltr.



Brassia filomenoi Schltr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1484: 841; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Brassia forgetiana Hort.


Brassia forgetiana Hort. = Brassia lanceana Lindl.

Reference: FP 1484: 841; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Brassia glumacea Lindl.


Brassia glumacea Lindl. = Ada glumacea (Lindl.) N.H. Williams

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Brassia hexodonta Rchb. f. & Warsz.


Brassia hexodonta Rchb. f. & Warsz. = Brassia villosa Lindl.

Reference: FP 1484: 846. 


$


 Brassia juninensis C. Schweinf.


Brassia juninensis C. Schweinf. = Brassia koehlerorum Schltr.

Reference: FP 1484: 842; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Brassia koehlerorum Schltr.



Brassia koehlerorum Schltr.

Synonyms: Brassia koehlerorum C. Schweinf.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1484: 844; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 5660* 
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Brassia lanceana Lindl.



Brassia lanceana Lindl.

Synonyms: Brassia lanceana Hort.
Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Pastorelli illus.  


$


 Brassia lanceana var. viridiflora Hooker


Brassia lanceana var. viridiflora Hooker = Brassia bidens Lindl.

Reference: FP 1484: 836. 
Note: NN  


$


 Brassia lawrenceana Lindl.



Brassia lawrenceana Lindl.

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Pastorelli illus.  


$


 Brassia lawrenceana var. longissima Rchb. f.


Brassia lawrenceana var. longissima Rchb. f. = Brassia arcuigera Rchb. f.

Reference: FP 1484: 844; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Brassia lewisii Rolfe


Brassia lewisii Rolfe = Brassia caudata (L.) Lindl.

Reference: FP 1484: 837; Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 13. 


$


 Brassia longicuspis Rchb. f.


Brassia longicuspis Rchb. f. = Ada ocanensis (Lindl.) N.H. Williams

Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 2. 


$


 Brassia longissima (Rchb. f.) Nash


Brassia longissima (Rchb. f.) Nash = Brassia arcuigera Rchb. f.

Reference: FP 1484: 844; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Brassia neglecta Rchb. f.



Brassia neglecta Rchb. f.

Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 14. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 28010 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto.


$


 Brassia ocanensis Lindl.


Brassia ocanensis Lindl. = Ada ocanensis (Lindl.) N.H. Williams

Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 4. 


$


 Brassia peruviana Poepp. & Endl.



Brassia peruviana Poepp. & Endl.

Synonyms: Brassia peruviana (Poepp. & Endl.) Rchb. f.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1484: 845; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. . 
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* 
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Brassia signata Rchb. f.



Brassia signata Rchb. f.

Synonyms: Brassia signata Rchb. f.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1484: 845; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx. 
Ecology: Native emergent. . 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Brassia spathacea Linden & Reichenbach f.


Brassia spathacea Linden & Reichenbach f. = Ada ocanensis (Lindl.) N.H. Williams

Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 4. 


$


 Brassia thyrsodes Rchb. f.



Brassia thyrsodes Rchb. f.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1484: 846; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru. Known from Bolivia.  


$


 Brassia villosa Lindl.



Brassia villosa Lindl.

Synonyms: Brassia villosa (Lindley) Rchb. f., Brassia villosa Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1484: 846; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Brassia wageneri Rchb. f.



Brassia wageneri Rchb. f.

Synonyms: Brassia wageneri (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f., Brassia wageneri Rchb. f., Brassia wageneri Rolfe
Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 15. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I: seasonally inundated areas. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Bennett & Bismarck 1406 (MO)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Brassica campestris L.


Brassica campestris L. = Brassica rapa subsp. campestris (L.) Clapham

Reference: FP 614: 945. 


$


 Brassica juncea (L.) Cosson



Brassica juncea (L.) Cosson

Synonyms: Brassica juncea L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 614: 945; Rollins, R. C., 1948: 104. 
Ecology: Introduced herb. Amazonian, Andean I-III: forests. 0-4000 m. 
Voucher: Brunel 891 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch



Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch

Synonyms: Brassica nigra L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 614: 945. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas. 0-3500 m. 
Voucher: Brunel 493 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Lima, Loreto.


$


 Brassica oleracea L.



Brassica oleracea L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 614: 945. 
Ecology. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Brunel 482 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Brassica rapa L.



Brassica rapa L.

$


 Brassica rapa subsp.campestris (L.) Clapham



Brassica rapa subsp. campestris (L.) Clapham

Synonyms: Brassica rapa campestris L.
Reference: Mostacero, I., 1976: 9. 
Ecology: Introduced herb. Amazonian, Andean I-III: disturbed areas. 0-4500 m. 
Voucher: L&oacute;pez 1074 (HUT)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Brassica rapa subsp.rapa



Brassica rapa subsp. rapa 

$


 Braya cachensis Spegazzini


Braya cachensis Spegazzini = Aschersoniodoxa cachensis (Spegazzini) Al-Shehbaz

Reference: Al-Shehbaz, I. A., 1990: 392. 


$


 Braya calycina (Desv.) Wedd.


Braya calycina (Desv.) Wedd. = Brayopsis calycina (Desv.) Gilg & Muschl.

Reference: FP 614: 970; Al-Shehbaz, I. A., 1989: 620. 


$


 Braya densiflora Muschl.


Braya densiflora Muschl. = Weberbauera spathulifolia (A. Gray) O.E. Schulz

Reference: FP 614: 972; Al-Shehbaz, I. A., 1990: 227. 


$


 Brayopsis alpaminae Gilg & Muschl.



Brayopsis alpaminae Gilg & Muschl.

$


 Brayopsis alpaminae subsp.alpaminae



Brayopsis alpaminae subsp. alpaminae 

Synonyms: Brayopsis alpaminae alpaminae (Gilg & Muschl.) Baehni & Macbr., Brayopsis alpaminae alpaminae Gilg & Muschl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 614: 970; Al-Shehbaz, I. A., 1989: 622. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: rocky slopes. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 5123* (B!), Macbride 3074 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Brayopsis alpaminae subsp.smithii Al-Shehbaz



Brayopsis alpaminae subsp. smithii Al-Shehbaz

Reference: Al-Shehbaz, I. A., 1989: 623. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: rocky slopes.  > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Smith et al. 10663* (MO!), Smith & Cautivo 10288 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash.


$


 Brayopsis alpaminae var. argentea O.E. Schulz


Brayopsis alpaminae var. argentea O.E. Schulz = Brayopsis calycina (Desv.) Gilg & Muschl.

Reference: Al-Shehbaz, I. A., 1989: 620. 


$


 Brayopsis argentea Gilg & Muschl.


Brayopsis argentea Gilg & Muschl. = Brayopsis calycina (Desv.) Gilg & Muschl.

Reference: Al-Shehbaz, I. A., 1989: 620. 


$


 Brayopsis calycina (Desv.) Gilg & Muschl.



Brayopsis calycina (Desv.) Gilg & Muschl.

Synonyms: Brayopsis calycina (Desv.) Baehni & Macbr., Brayopsis calycina (Desv.) Kuntze, Brayopsis calycina (Desv.) Wedd., Brayopsis calycina (Desv.) Wedd., Brayopsis calycina (Gilg & Muschl.) Baehni & Macbride, Brayopsis calycina (Gilg & Muschler) Baehni & Macbr., Brayopsis calycina (O.E. Schulz) Baehni & Macbride, Brayopsis calycina Desv., Brayopsis calycina Gilg & Muschl., Brayopsis calycina Gilg & Muschler, Brayopsis calycina O.E. Schulz, Brayopsis calycina O.E. Schulz, Brayopsis calycina O.E. Schulz
Reference: Flora Peru: 614: 970; Al-Shehbaz, I. A., 1989: 620. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands. 4000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Smith & Goodwin 8889 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Lima, Moquegua.


$


 Brayopsis calycina fo. leiophylla O.E. Schulz


Brayopsis calycina fo. leiophylla O.E. Schulz = Brayopsis calycina (Desv.) Gilg & Muschl.

Reference: Al-Shehbaz, I. A., 1989: 620. 


$


 Brayopsis calycina var. filiformis O.E. Schulz


Brayopsis calycina var. filiformis O.E. Schulz = Brayopsis calycina (Desv.) Gilg & Muschl.

Reference: FP 614: 970; Al-Shehbaz, I. A., 1989: 620. 


$


 Brayopsis monimocalyx O.E. Schulz



Brayopsis monimocalyx O.E. Schulz

Reference: Al-Shehbaz, I. A., 1989: 622. 
Ecology. 4000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Petersen & Hjerting 1100 (C!)
Departments: Puno.


$


 Brayopsis pycnophylla Gilg & Muschl.


Brayopsis pycnophylla Gilg & Muschl. = Brayopsis alpaminae subsp. alpaminae 

Reference: FP 614: 970; Al-Shehbaz, I. A., 1989: 622. 


$


 Brayopsis trichocarpa (Muschler) Gilg & Muschl.


Brayopsis trichocarpa (Muschler) Gilg & Muschl. = Weberbauera trichocarpa (Muschl.) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 614: 973; Al-Shehbaz, I. A., 1990: 240. 


$


 Brayopsis weberbaueri Gilg & Muschler


Brayopsis weberbaueri Gilg & Muschler = Brayopsis calycina (Desv.) Gilg & Muschl.

Reference: FP 614: 971; Al-Shehbaz, I. A., 1989: 620. 


$


 Brayulinea densa (Willd.) Small


Brayulinea densa (Willd.) Small = Guilleminea densa (Willd.) Moq.

Reference: FP 1255: 489. 


$


 Bredemeyera altissima (Poepp.) A. W. Bennett



Bredemeyera altissima (Poepp.) A. W. Bennett

$


 Bredemeyera altissima var.altissima



Bredemeyera altissima var. altissima 

Synonyms: Bredemeyera altissima altissima Poepp.
Reference: Flora Peru: 670: 908; Marques, M. do C. M., 1980: 279. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Note: Marques (1980) limits distribution of species to Venezuela and Brazil. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 4636 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Bredemeyera altissima var. amazonica Chodat ex J. F. Macbride


Bredemeyera altissima var. amazonica Chodat ex J. F. Macbride = Bredemeyera lucida (Benth.) A.W. Benn.

Reference: FP 670: 908. 


$


 Bredemeyera densiflora A. W. Bennett



Bredemeyera densiflora A. W. Bennett

$


 Bredemeyera densiflora var.densiflora



Bredemeyera densiflora var. densiflora 

Reference: Flora Peru: 670: 908; Marques, M. do C. M., 1980: 281. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: In the Flora of Peru, Macbride (1950) treats at the species level. 
Voucher: Spruce 4801* (P), Belshaw 3474 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Bredemeyera floribunda Willd.



Bredemeyera floribunda Willd.

Reference: Flora Peru: 670: 908; Marques, M. do C. M., 1980: 274. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub, vine. Andean I: disturbed areas, riversides, shrublands. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Belshaw 3352 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Bredemeyera lucida (Benth.) A.W. Benn.



Bredemeyera lucida (Benth.) A.W. Benn.

Synonyms: Bredemeyera lucida (Benth.) Klotzsch ex Hasskarl, pro syn., Bredemeyera lucida Benth., Bredemeyera lucida Chodat ex J. F. Macbride
Reference: Flora Peru: 670: 908; Marques, M. do C. M., 1980: 277. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Note: Marques (1980) recognizes no Peruvian material of either B. altissima or B. lucida. 
Voucher: Revilla 122 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Bredemeyera lucida (Benth.) Klotzsch ex Hasskarl, pro syn.


Bredemeyera lucida (Benth.) Klotzsch ex Hasskarl, pro syn. = Bredemeyera lucida (Benth.) A.W. Benn.

Reference: Marques, M. do C. M., 1980: 277. 


$


 Bredemeyera myrtifolia fo.myrtifolia Spruce ex A.W. Benn.



Bredemeyera myrtifolia fo. myrtifolia Spruce ex A.W. Benn.

Reference: Flora Peru: 670: 909. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Bredemeyera myrtifolia fo.parvifolia (A. W. Bennett) Marques



Bredemeyera myrtifolia fo. parvifolia (A. W. Bennett) Marques

Synonyms: Bredemeyera myrtifolia parvifolia A. W. Bennett, Bredemeyera myrtifolia parvifolia Spruce ex A.W. Benn.
Reference: Marques, M. do C. M., 1980: 283. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub, vine. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests on white sand. 0-500 m. 
Note: The Flora of Peru treats at the species level on page 909. 
Voucher: Mathews 1621* (K), van der Werff et al. 10156 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Bredemeyera myrtifolia Spruce ex A.W. Benn.



Bredemeyera myrtifolia Spruce ex A.W. Benn.

$


 Bredemeyera parviflora A. W. Bennett


Bredemeyera parviflora A. W. Bennett = Bredemeyera myrtifolia fo. parvifolia (A. W. Bennett) Marques

Reference: FP 670: 909; Marques, M. do C. M., 1980: 283. 


$


 Breweria linifolia Sprengel


Breweria linifolia Sprengel = Wahlenbergia linarioides var. linarioides 

Reference: FP 1381: 387. 


$


 Breynia indica L.


Breynia indica L. = Capparis indica (L.) Druce

Reference: FP 617: 1000; Dugand, A., 1941: 35. 


$


 Brickellia diffusa (Vahl) A. Gray



Brickellia diffusa (Vahl) A. Gray

Synonyms: Brickellia diffusa Vahl
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 223, 488. 
Ecology. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Mexia 8028 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lambayeque, La Libertad.


$


 Brickellia microphylla (DC.) Hieron.


Brickellia microphylla (DC.) Hieron. = Nothobaccharis candolleana (Steud.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 487. 


$


 Briquetia spicata (Kunth) Fryxell



Briquetia spicata (Kunth) Fryxell

Synonyms: Briquetia spicata (Kunth) C. Presl, Briquetia spicata (Kunth) R.E. Fr., Briquetia spicata Kunth
Reference: Fryxell, P. A., 1988: 136. 
Ecology: Native shrub, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I, Coastal: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Klug 4245 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes.


$


 Briquetina incarum J.F. Macbr.


Briquetina incarum J.F. Macbr. = Citronella incarum (J.F. Macbr.) R.A. Howard

Reference: FP 693: 228. 


$


 Briquetina melliodora Sleumer


Briquetina melliodora Sleumer = Citronella melliodora (Sleumer) R.A. Howard

Reference: FP 693: 229; Howard, R. A., 1942: 77. 


$


 Briquetina mollis Sleumer


Briquetina mollis Sleumer = Citronella incarum (J.F. Macbr.) R.A. Howard

Reference: FP 693: 228; Howard, R. A., 1942: 77. 


$


 Brittonamra caribaea (Jacq.) Kuntze


Brittonamra caribaea (Jacq.) Kuntze = Coursetia caribaea (Jacq.) Lavin var. caribaea 

Reference: Lavin, M., 1988: 112. 


$


 Brittonamra caribaea var. ochroleuca (Jacq.) Kuntze


Brittonamra caribaea var. ochroleuca (Jacq.) Kuntze = Coursetia caribaea var. ochroleuca (Jacq.) Lavin

Reference: Lavin, M., 1988: 131. 


$


 Briza erecta Lam.


Briza erecta Lam. = Chascolytrum erectum (Lam.) Desv.

Reference: Matthei, O., 1975: 69. 
Note: NN  


$


 Briza macrostachya (J. Presl) Steud.


Briza macrostachya (J. Presl) Steud. = Chascolytrum erectum (Lam.) Desv.

Reference: Matthei, O., 1975: 69. 
Note: NN  


$


 Briza mandoniana (Griseb.) Henrard


Briza mandoniana (Griseb.) Henrard = Poidium monandrum (Hack.) Matthei

Reference: FP 719: 129; Matthei, O., 1975: 103. 


$


 Briza microstachya (J. Presl) Steud.


Briza microstachya (J. Presl) Steud. = Chascolytrum subaristatum (Lam.) Desv.

Reference: Matthei, O., 1975: 79. 


$


 Briza minor L.



Briza minor L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 130. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb. Andean II: disturbed areas, lomas. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui & Mostacero 9055 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lima.


$


 Briza monandra (Hack.) Pilg.


Briza monandra (Hack.) Pilg. = Poidium monandrum (Hack.) Matthei

Reference: FP 719: 129; Tovar, O., 1957: 34; Matthei, O., 1975: 103. 


$


 Briza monandra var. condensata Standl.


Briza monandra var. condensata Standl. = ?  

Reference: FP 719: 129; Matthei, O., 1975: 122. 
Note: =Poa sp.  


$


 Briza poaemorpha (J. Presl) Henrard


Briza poaemorpha (J. Presl) Henrard = Poidium poaemorphum (J. Presl) Matthei

Reference: Matthei, O., 1975: 108. 
Note: NN  


$


 Briza reniformis (J. Presl) Steud.


Briza reniformis (J. Presl) Steud. = Chascolytrum subaristatum (Lam.) Desv.

Reference: Matthei, O., 1975: 79. 


$


 Briza rufa (J. Presl) Steud.


Briza rufa (J. Presl) Steud. = Poidium rufum (J. Presl) Matthei

Reference: Matthei, O., 1975: 98. 


$


 Briza subaristata Lam.


Briza subaristata Lam. = Chascolytrum subaristatum (Lam.) Desv.

Reference: Matthei, O., 1975: 79. 


$


 Brizopyrum calycinum J. Presl


Brizopyrum calycinum J. Presl = Dissanthelium calycinum (J. Presl) Hitchc.

Reference: FP 719: 148; Swallen, J. R. & O. Tovar, 1965: 372. 


$


 Brizopyrum ovatum Nees ex Steud.



Brizopyrum ovatum Nees ex Steud.

$


 Brizopyrum subspicatum J. Presl


Brizopyrum subspicatum J. Presl = Poa subspicata (J. Presl) Kunth

Reference: FP 719: 128; Tovar, O., 1965: 29. 


$


 Bromelia ananas L.


Bromelia ananas L. = Ananas comosus var. comosus 

Reference: FP 1179: 592; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 2062. 


$


 Bromelia antiacantha Bertol.



Bromelia antiacantha Bertol.

Synonyms: Bromelia antiacantha (Bertoloni) Beer, Bromelia antiacantha (Vriese) Beer, Bromelia antiacantha de Vriese
Reference: Flora Peru: 1179: 578; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1658. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Bromelia commeliniana de Vriese


Bromelia commeliniana de Vriese = Bromelia antiacantha Bertol.

Reference: FP 1179: 579; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1659. 
Note: NN  


$


 Bromelia comosa L.


Bromelia comosa L. = Ananas comosus var. comosus 

Reference: FP 1179: 592; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 2062. 


$


 Bromelia fastuosa Lindl.


Bromelia fastuosa Lindl. = Bromelia pinguin L.

Reference: FP 1179: 578; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1665. 
Note: NN  


$


 Bromelia fernandae E. Morren


Bromelia fernandae E. Morren = Aechmea fernandae (E. Morren) Baker

Reference: Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1940. 


$


 Bromelia goeldiana L.B. Sm.



Bromelia goeldiana L.B. Sm.

Reference: Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1668. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Foster 12100 (F!)
Departments: Madre de Dios.


$


 Bromelia incarnata Ruiz & Pav.


Bromelia incarnata Ruiz & Pav. = Billbergia incarnata (Ruiz & Pav.) Schult.f.

Reference: FP 1179: 585; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 2016. 


$


 Bromelia lanuginosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Beer


Bromelia lanuginosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Beer = Puya lanuginosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Schult.f.

Reference: FP 1179: 506; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1974: 163. 


$


 Bromelia longifolia Rudge


Bromelia longifolia Rudge = Streptocalyx longifolius (Rudge) Baker

Reference: Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1519. 


$


 Bromelia lutea G. Mey.


Bromelia lutea G. Mey. = Aechmea nudicaulis var. cuspidata Baker

Reference: FP 1179: 590; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1923. 
Note: NN  


$


 Bromelia mertensii Mey.?


Bromelia mertensii Mey.? = Aechmea mertensii (Mey.?) Schult. f.

Reference: FP 1179: 588; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1809. 


$


 Bromelia nudicaulis L.


Bromelia nudicaulis L. = Aechmea nudicaulis (L.) Griseb. var. nudicaulis 

Reference: FP 1179: 590; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1923. 


$


 Bromelia pinguin L.


Bromelia pinguin L. = ?  

Reference: Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1665. 
Note: NN  


$


 Bromelia poeppigii Mez



Bromelia poeppigii Mez

Reference: Flora Peru: 1179: 578; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1669. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Poeppig 1824* (W lost)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Bromelia pyramidata (Ruiz & Pav.) Beer


Bromelia pyramidata (Ruiz & Pav.) Beer = Puya pyramidata (Ruiz & Pav.) Schult.f.

Reference: FP 1179: 505; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1974: 125. 


$


 Bromelia scarlatina (hort. ex H&eacute;rincq) Morren



Bromelia scarlatina (hort. ex H&eacute;rincq) Morren

Reference: Smith, L. B. & R. W. Read, 1982: 54. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Plowman et al. 7032 (F, USM)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Bromelia tarapotina Ule



Bromelia tarapotina Ule

Reference: Flora Peru: 1179: 578; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1678. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ule 6682* (B photo F), Maas et al. 5984 (US!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Bromidium anomalum (Trin.) D&ouml;ll


Bromidium anomalum (Trin.) D&ouml;ll = Agrostis koelerioides Desv.

Reference: Rugolo de Agrasar, Z. E., 1982: 197. 


$


 Bromidium caespitosum Nees & Meyen


Bromidium caespitosum Nees & Meyen = Calamagrostis preslii (J. Presl) Hitchc.

Reference: FP 719: 159. 


$


 Bromidium hygrometricum var. caespitosum Kuntze


Bromidium hygrometricum var. caespitosum Kuntze = Calamagrostis preslii (J. Presl) Hitchc.

Reference: FP 719: 159; Tovar, O., 1960: 48. 


$


 Bromidium hygrometricum var. tandilense Kuntze


Bromidium hygrometricum var. tandilense Kuntze = Agrostis tandilensis (Kuntze) Parodi

Reference: Rosengurtt, B., B. R. Arrillaga de Maffei & P. Izaguirre de Artuco, 1970: 23. 


$


 Bromidium rigescens (J. Presl) Nees & Meyen


Bromidium rigescens (J. Presl) Nees & Meyen = Calamagrostis rigescens (J. Presl) Scribn.

Reference: FP 719: 160; Tovar, O., 1960: 49. 


$


 Bromidium rigescens var. brevifolium Nees


Bromidium rigescens var. brevifolium Nees = Calamagrostis rigescens (J. Presl) Scribn.

Reference: FP 719: 160; Tovar, O., 1960: 49. 


$


 Bromidium spectabile Nees & Meyen ex Nees


Bromidium spectabile Nees & Meyen ex Nees = Calamagrostis rigescens (J. Presl) Scribn.

Reference: FP 719: 160; Tovar, O., 1960: 49. 


$


 Bromus berterianus Colla



Bromus berterianus Colla

Synonyms: Bromus berterianus Desv.
Reference: Matthei, O., 1986: 51. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, forests, shrublands. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: S&aacute;nchez 2753 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Bromus buchtienii Hack.


Bromus buchtienii Hack. = Bromus pitensis Kunth

Reference: FP 719: 115; Pinto-Escobar, P., 1981: 453. 


$


 Bromus carinatus Hook. & Arn.



Bromus carinatus Hook. & Arn.

Reference: McVaugh, R., 1983: 101. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: disturbed areas. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Smith 2980 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Bromus catharticus Vahl



Bromus catharticus Vahl

$


 Bromus catharticus var.catharticus



Bromus catharticus var. catharticus 

Synonyms: Bromus catharticus catharticus J. Presl, Bromus catharticus catharticus J. Presl, Bromus catharticus catharticus Kunth, Bromus catharticus catharticus Kunth, Bromus catharticus catharticus Nees ex Steud., Bromus catharticus catharticus Steud., Bromus catharticus catharticus Steud. ex Lechler
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 116; Pinto-Escobar, P., 1986: 22; Tovar, O., 1957: 13. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-III, Coastal: disturbed areas, grasslands, lomas, rocky slopes. 500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (P), Sullivan & Sullivan 811 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Puno.


$


 Bromus catharticus var.striatus (Hitchc.) Pinto



Bromus catharticus var. striatus (Hitchc.) Pinto

Synonyms: Bromus catharticus striatus Hitchc.
Reference: Pinto-Escobar, P., 1986: 26. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Coastal: desert, disturbed areas, lomas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Hitchcock 22386* (US), Ferreyra 8710 (F, USM)
Departments: Arequipa, Ayacucho, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Bromus depauperatus J. Presl


Bromus depauperatus J. Presl = Festuca presliana Hitchc.

Reference: FP 719: 121; Tovar, pers. comm. 
Note: NN  


$


 Bromus distachyos L.


Bromus distachyos L. = Brachypodium distachyon (L.) P. Beauv.

Reference: , : 334. 


$


 Bromus frigidus Ball


Bromus frigidus Ball = Bromus pitensis Kunth

Reference: FP 719: 115; Pinto-Escobar, P., 1981: 453. 


$


 Bromus inermis Leyss.



Bromus inermis Leyss.

Reference: Hitchcock, A. S., 1950: 38. 
Ecology: Introduced herb. Andean II: disturbed areas. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: S&aacute;nchez 2906 (CPUN)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Bromus lanatus Kunth



Bromus lanatus Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 115; Pinto-Escobar, P., 1986: 28; Tovar, O., 1957: 14. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands, rocky slopes, shrublands. 3000-4500 m. 
Voucher: S&aacute;nchez et al. 2961 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Puno.


$


 Bromus lenis J. Presl


Bromus lenis J. Presl = Bromus pitensis Kunth

Reference: FP 719: 115; Pinto-Escobar, P., 1981: 453. 


$


 Bromus mathewsii Steud.


Bromus mathewsii Steud. = Bromus catharticus var. catharticus 

Reference: FP 719: 116; Hardy, D. S., 1988: 23. 


$


 Bromus pitensis Kunth



Bromus pitensis Kunth

Synonyms: Bromus pitensis Ball, Bromus pitensis Hack., Bromus pitensis J. Presl, Bromus pitensis J. Presl ex Steud.
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 115; Pinto-Escobar, P., 1986: 30; Tovar, O., 1957: 15. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands, rocky slopes, shrublands. 3000-4500 m. 
Voucher: S&aacute;nchez & Molau 2931 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Pasco, Puno.


$


 Bromus preslii Kunth


Bromus preslii Kunth = Bromus catharticus var. catharticus 

Reference: Pinto-Escobar, P., 1986: 22. 


$


 Bromus segetum Kunth



Bromus segetum Kunth

Reference: Pinto-Escobar, P., 1981: 456. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: forests. 2000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Wurdack 1308 (US, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Piura, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Bromus spicatus Nees


Bromus spicatus Nees = Tripogon spicatus (Nees) Ekman

Reference: FP 719: 189. 


$


 Bromus striatus Hitchc.


Bromus striatus Hitchc. = Bromus catharticus var. striatus (Hitchc.) Pinto

Reference: FP 719: 115; Pinto-Escobar, P., 1986: 26. 


$


 Bromus tacna Steud. ex Lechler


Bromus tacna Steud. ex Lechler = Bromus catharticus var. catharticus 

Reference: Hardy, D. S., 1988: 22. 
Note: nom. nud.  


$


 Bromus tenuis J. Presl ex Steud.


Bromus tenuis J. Presl ex Steud. = Bromus pitensis Kunth

Reference: FP 719: 115; Pinto-Escobar, P., 1981: 453. 


$


 Bromus trinii Desv.


Bromus trinii Desv. = Bromus berterianus Colla

Reference: FP 719: 116; Pinto-Escobar, P., 1986: 19. 


$


 Bromus unioloides Kunth


Bromus unioloides Kunth = Bromus catharticus var. catharticus 

Reference: FP 719: 116; Hardy, D. S., 1988: 22; Tovar, O., 1957: 13. 


$


 Bromus villosissimus Hitchc.



Bromus villosissimus Hitchc.

Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 116; Pinto-Escobar, P., 1986: 19. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: grasslands, rocky slopes.  > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 854* (F), Smith 10642 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Bromus virgatus J. Presl


Bromus virgatus J. Presl = Gouinia virgata (J. Presl) Scribn.

Reference: FP 719: 188. 


$


 Bromus weberbaueri Pilg.


Bromus weberbaueri Pilg. = Festuca casapaltensis Ball

Reference: FP 719: 118; Tovar, O., 1972: 46. 


$


 Brosimopsis lactescens S. Moore


Brosimopsis lactescens S. Moore = Brosimum lactescens (S. Moore) C.C. Berg

Reference: Berg, C. C., 1972: 177. 


$


 Brosimopsis obovata Ducke


Brosimopsis obovata Ducke = Brosimum acutifolium subsp. obovatum (Ducke) C.C. Berg

Reference: Berg, C. C., 1972: 176. 


$


 Brosimum acutifolium Huber



Brosimum acutifolium Huber

$


 Brosimum acutifolium subsp.obovatum (Ducke) C.C. Berg



Brosimum acutifolium subsp. obovatum (Ducke) C.C. Berg

Synonyms: Brosimum acutifolium obovatum Ducke
Reference: Berg, C. C., 1972: 176. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 2178 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.


$


 Brosimum alicastrum subsp.bolivarense (Pittier) C.C. Berg



Brosimum alicastrum subsp. bolivarense (Pittier) C.C. Berg

Synonyms: Brosimum alicastrum bolivarense Mildbr., Brosimum alicastrum bolivarense Pittier
Reference: Berg, C. C., 1972: 171. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: terra firme forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Foster 9915 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Brosimum alicastrum Sw.



Brosimum alicastrum Sw.

$


 Brosimum amplicoma Ducke


Brosimum amplicoma Ducke = Brosimum parinarioides subsp. amplicoma (Ducke) C.C. Berg

Reference: Berg, C. C., 1972: 206. 


$


 Brosimum aubletii Poepp. & Endl.


Brosimum aubletii Poepp. & Endl. = Brosimum guianense (Aubl.) Huber

Reference: FP 1233: 317; Berg, C. C., 1972: 181. 


$


 Brosimum echinocarpum Poepp. & Endl.


Brosimum echinocarpum Poepp. & Endl. = Mayna odorata Aubl.

Reference: FP 1233: 317; Berg, C. C., 1972: 219; Sleumer, H., 1980: 27. 


$


 Brosimum guianense (Aubl.) Huber



Brosimum guianense (Aubl.) Huber

Synonyms: Brosimum guianense Aubl., Brosimum guianense Mildbr., Brosimum guianense Poepp. & Endl.
Reference: Berg, C. C., 1972: 181. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, seasonally inundated areas, terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Solomon 3514 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Ucayali.


$


 Brosimum lactescens (S. Moore) C.C. Berg



Brosimum lactescens (S. Moore) C.C. Berg

Synonyms: Brosimum lactescens S. Moore
Reference: Berg, C. C., 1972: 177; Spichiger, R., J. Meroz, P. Loizeau & L. Stutz de Ortega, 1989: 22. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: seasonally inundated areas, terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 9700 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco.


$


 Brosimum longifolium Ducke


Brosimum longifolium Ducke = Brosimum utile subsp. longifolium (Ducke) C.C. Berg

Reference: Berg, C. C., 1972: 201. 


$


 Brosimum mello-barretoi Standl.


Brosimum mello-barretoi Standl. = Naucleopsis mello-barretoi (Standl.) C.C. Berg

Reference: Berg, C. C., 1972: 131. 


$


 Brosimum ovatifolium Ducke


Brosimum ovatifolium Ducke = Brosimum utile subsp. ovatifolium (Ducke) C.C. Berg

Reference: Berg, C. C., 1972: 202. 


$


 Brosimum paraense Huber


Brosimum paraense Huber = Brosimum rubescens Taub.

Reference: FP 1233: 317; Berg, C. C., 1972: 189. 


$


 Brosimum parinarioides Ducke



Brosimum parinarioides Ducke

$


 Brosimum parinarioides subsp.amplicoma (Ducke) C.C. Berg



Brosimum parinarioides subsp. amplicoma (Ducke) C.C. Berg

Synonyms: Brosimum parinarioides amplicoma Ducke
Reference: Berg, C. C., 1972: 206; Spichiger, R., J. Meroz, P. Loizeau & L. Stutz de Ortega, 1989: 24. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 31198 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Ucayali.


$


 Brosimum potabile Ducke



Brosimum potabile Ducke

Reference: Berg, C. C., 1972: 204; Spichiger, R., J. Meroz, P. Loizeau & L. Stutz de Ortega, 1989: 24. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Spichiger & Loizeau 3011 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Brosimum rubescens Taub.



Brosimum rubescens Taub.

Synonyms: Brosimum rubescens (Huber) Benoist, Brosimum rubescens (Taub.) Pittier, Brosimum rubescens (Taub.) Taub., Brosimum rubescens Huber
Reference: Berg, C. C., 1972: 189; Spichiger, R., J. Meroz, P. Loizeau & L. Stutz de Ortega, 1989: 27. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: terra firme forests, forests on white sand. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Williams 725 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Brosimum tessmannii Mildbr.


Brosimum tessmannii Mildbr. = Brosimum guianense (Aubl.) Huber

Reference: FP 1233: 317; Berg, C. C., 1972: 181. 


$


 Brosimum uleanum Mildbr.


Brosimum uleanum Mildbr. = Brosimum alicastrum subsp. bolivarense (Pittier) C.C. Berg

Reference: FP 1233: 318; Berg, C. C., 1972: 171. 


$


 Brosimum utile (Kunth) Pittier



Brosimum utile (Kunth) Pittier

$


 Brosimum utile subsp.longifolium (Ducke) C.C. Berg



Brosimum utile subsp. longifolium (Ducke) C.C. Berg

Synonyms: Brosimum utile longifolium Ducke
Reference: Berg, C. C., 1972: 201. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Cited collection questionably determined to this subspecies.  
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 2574 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Brosimum utile subsp.ovatifolium (Ducke) C.C. Berg



Brosimum utile subsp. ovatifolium (Ducke) C.C. Berg

Synonyms: Brosimum utile ovatifolium Ducke
Reference: Berg, C. C., 1972: 202; Spichiger, R., J. Meroz, P. Loizeau & L. Stutz de Ortega, 1989: 27. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas, terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 11538 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto.


$


 Brossaea mucronata (Remy) Kuntze


Brossaea mucronata (Remy) Kuntze = Gaultheria eriophylla var. mucronata (Remy) Luteyn

Reference: Luteyn, J. L., 1989: 15. 


$


 Brossaea secunda (Remy) Kuntze


Brossaea secunda (Remy) Kuntze = Gaultheria buxifolia var. secunda (Remy) Luteyn

Reference: Luteyn, J. L., 1989: 13. 


$



$


 Broughtonia grandiflora (Kunth) Sprengel


Broughtonia grandiflora (Kunth) Sprengel = Maxillaria grandiflora (Kunth) Lindl.

Reference: FP 1473: 700; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Broughtonia maculata (Kunth) Sprengel


Broughtonia maculata (Kunth) Sprengel = Zygopetalum maculatum (H.B.K.) Garay

Reference: FP 1473: 714; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Broussonetia brasiliensis Mart.


Broussonetia brasiliensis Mart. = Maclura brasiliensis (Mart.) Endl.

Reference: FP 1233: 310; Kaastra, R. C., 1973: 71. 


$


 Browallia abbreviata Benth.



Browallia abbreviata Benth.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 147; Carranza, O. D., 1977: 10. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: disturbed areas. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 3546 (USM)
Departments: Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Browallia acutiloba Sagastegui & D. D. Carranza



Browallia acutiloba Sagastegui & D. D. Carranza

Reference: Sag&aacute;stegui-Alva, A. & D. Dios Carranza, 1980: 215. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: L&oacute;pez et al. 7679 (HUT)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lambayeque.


$


 Browallia americana L.



Browallia americana L.

Synonyms: Browallia americana Benth., Browallia americana D. Don, Browallia americana Dammer, Browallia americana Dunal, Browallia americana Graham, Browallia americana Kunth, Browallia americana L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 148; D'Arcy, W. G., 1973: 578; Hunziker, A. T., 1978: 117. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 4217 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, Lima, Piura, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Browallia cordata D. Don


Browallia cordata D. Don = Browallia americana L.

Reference: FP 1349: 149; D'Arcy, W. G., 1973: 578. 


$


 Browallia demissa L.


Browallia demissa L. = Browallia americana L.

Reference: FP 1349: 148. 


$


 Browallia dombeyana Dammer


Browallia dombeyana Dammer = Browallia americana L.

Reference: FP 1349: 148; D'Arcy, W. G., 1973: 578. 


$


 Browallia grandiflora Graham


Browallia grandiflora Graham = Browallia americana L.

Reference: FP 1349: 149; D'Arcy, W. G., 1973: 578. 


$


 Browallia jamesonii Benth.


Browallia jamesonii Benth. = Streptosolen jamesonii (Benth.) Miers

Reference: FP 1349: 151. 


$


 Browallia peduncularis Benth.


Browallia peduncularis Benth. = Browallia americana L.

Reference: FP 1349: 149; D'Arcy, W. G., 1973: 578. 


$


 Browallia speciosa Hook.



Browallia speciosa Hook.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 150; D'Arcy, W. G., 1973: 580. 
Ecology: Native herb. . 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui 7722 (HUT)
Departments: Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica.


$


 Browallia viscosa Kunth


Browallia viscosa Kunth = Browallia americana L.

Reference: FP 1349: 150; D'Arcy, W. G., 1973: 580. 


$


 Brownea ariza Benth.



Brownea ariza Benth.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 132. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Brownea cauliflora Poepp.


Brownea cauliflora Poepp. = Browneopsis cauliflora (Poepp.) Huber

Reference: FP 21: 133; Klitgaard, B. B., 1991: 447. 


$


 Brownea excelsa (Pittier) J.F. Macbr.


Brownea excelsa (Pittier) J.F. Macbr. = Browneopsis excelsa Pittier

Reference: FP 21: 135; Klitgaard, B. B., 1991: 447. 


$


 Brownea grandiceps Jacq.



Brownea grandiceps Jacq.

Synonyms: Brownea grandiceps (Jacq.) Kuntze, Brownea grandiceps Standl.
Reference: Klitgaard, B. B., 1991: 440. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 11 (F)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto.


$


 Brownea leucantha Jacq.



Brownea leucantha Jacq.

Synonyms: Brownea leucantha (Jacq.) Kuntze


$


 Brownea loretensis Standl.


Brownea loretensis Standl. = Brownea grandiceps Jacq.

Reference: FP 21: 133; Klitgaard, B. B., 1991: 440. 


$


 Brownea macbrideana Standl. ex J.F. Macbr.


Brownea macbrideana Standl. ex J.F. Macbr. = Brownea macrophylla Linden ex Mast.

Reference: FP 21: 134; Klitgaard, B. B., 1991: 442. 


$


 Brownea macrophylla Linden ex Mast.



Brownea macrophylla Linden ex Mast.

Synonyms: Brownea macrophylla Standl. ex J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Klitgaard, B. B., 1991: 442. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 2035 (MO)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Brownea peruviana J.F. Macbr.


Brownea peruviana J.F. Macbr. = Browneopsis peruviana (J.F. Macbr.) Klitgaard

Reference: FP 21: 134; Klitgaard, B. B., 1991: 447. 


$


 Brownea ucayalina (Huber) Ducke


Brownea ucayalina (Huber) Ducke = Browneopsis ucayalina Huber

Reference: FP 21: 135; Klitgaard, B. B., 1991: 447. 


$


 Browneopsis cauliflora (Poepp.) Huber



Browneopsis cauliflora (Poepp.) Huber

Synonyms: Browneopsis cauliflora (Poepp.) Kuntze, Browneopsis cauliflora Poepp.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 133; Klitgaard, B. B., 1991: 447. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Note: Treated under Brownea in the Flora of Peru.  
Voucher: Poeppig 2314* (W), Klug 4163 (US)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Browneopsis excelsa Pittier



Browneopsis excelsa Pittier

Synonyms: Browneopsis excelsa (Pittier) J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 135; Klitgaard, B. B., 1991: 447. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Treated under Brownea in the Flora of Peru.  
Voucher: Schunke 2530 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Ucayali.


$


 Browneopsis peruviana (J.F. Macbr.) Klitgaard



Browneopsis peruviana (J.F. Macbr.) Klitgaard

Synonyms: Browneopsis peruviana J.F. Macbr.


$


 Browneopsis ucayalina Huber



Browneopsis ucayalina Huber

Synonyms: Browneopsis ucayalina (Huber) Ducke
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 135; Klitgaard, B. B., 1991: 447. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Treated under Brownea in the Flora of Peru.  
Voucher: Huber MG 1566* (BM), Berlin 3575 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Browningia albiceps F. Ritter



Browningia albiceps F. Ritter

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1322; Hunt, D., 1992: 38. 
Ecology: Endemic Erect, branched cactus. Andean I: dry valleys, rocky slopes. 1000-1500 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Ritter 1319* (U)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Browningia altissima (F. Ritter) Buxb.



Browningia altissima (F. Ritter) Buxb.

Synonyms: Browningia altissima (F. Ritter) Backeb., Browningia altissima F. Ritter
Reference: Hunt, D., 1992: 38. 
Ecology: Endemic Erect, branched cactus. Amazonian: shrublands. 0-500 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Ritter 291* (ZSS)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Browningia amstutziae (Rauh & Backeb.) Hutchison ex Buxb.



Browningia amstutziae (Rauh & Backeb.) Hutchison ex Buxb.

Synonyms: Browningia amstutziae Rauh & Backeb.
Reference: Hunt, D., 1992: 38. 
Ecology: Endemic Erect, branched cactus. Andean III: rocky slopes. 3500-4000 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Rauh K5 [1956]* (ZSS)
Departments: Pasco.


$


 Browningia candelaris (Meyen) Britton & Rose



Browningia candelaris (Meyen) Britton & Rose

Synonyms: Browningia candelaris Meyen
Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1920: 63; Rauh, W., 1958: 282; Ritter, F., 1981: 1320. 
Ecology: Native Erect, branched or columnar cactus. Andean II: rocky slopes, shrublands. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Meyen s.n.* (B), Rose 18794 (US)
Departments: Arequipa, Tacna.


$


 Browningia chlorocarpa (Kunth) W.T. Marshall



Browningia chlorocarpa (Kunth) W.T. Marshall

Synonyms: Browningia chlorocarpa (Kunth) Backeb., Browningia chlorocarpa (Kunth) Backeb., Browningia chlorocarpa (Kunth) Borg, Browningia chlorocarpa (Kunth) DC., Browningia chlorocarpa Kunth
Reference: Marshall, W. T. & T. M. Bock, 1945: 114; Ritter, F., 1981: 1314; Hunt, D., 1992: 38. 
Ecology: Endemic Erect, branched cactus. Andean II: disturbed areas, dry valleys, rocky slopes, shrublands. 1500-2500 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  Treated under Gymnanthocereus by Ritter (1981). 
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland s.n.* (P-H&B), Ritter 290 (U)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Browningia columnaris F. Ritter



Browningia columnaris F. Ritter

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1323; Hunt, D., 1992: 38. 
Ecology: Endemic Erect, branched cactus. Andean II: dry valleys, rocky slopes. 1500-2500 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Ritter 1294* (U)
Departments: Ayacucho.


$


 Browningia hertlingiana (Rauh) Buxb.



Browningia hertlingiana (Rauh) Buxb.

Synonyms: Browningia hertlingiana (Backeb.) Rauh, Browningia hertlingiana Akers, Browningia hertlingiana Backeb.
Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1322; Hunt, D., 1992: 38. 
Ecology: Endemic Erect, branched or columnar cactus. Andean II: dry valleys, rocky slopes. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Ritter 149 (U)
Departments: Ayacucho.


$


 Browningia icaensis F. Ritter



Browningia icaensis F. Ritter

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1320; Hunt, D., 1992: 38. 
Ecology: Endemic Erect, branched cactus. Andean II: dry valleys, rocky slopes, shrublands. 1500-3000 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Ritter 193* (U)
Departments: Ica.


$


 Browningia microsperma (Werdermann & Backeberg) W.T. Marshall



Browningia microsperma (Werdermann & Backeberg) W.T. Marshall

Synonyms: Browningia microsperma (Werdermann & Backeberg) Backeb., Browningia microsperma Werdermann & Backeberg, Browningia microsperma Werdermann & Backeberg
Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1322; Hunt, D., 1992: 38. 
Ecology: Endemic Erect, branched cactus. Andean II: rocky slopes, shrublands. 1500-2000 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Ritter 568 (U)
Departments: Pasco.


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 Browningia pilleifera (F. Ritter) Hutchison



Browningia pilleifera (F. Ritter) Hutchison

Synonyms: Browningia pilleifera F. Ritter
Reference: Hutchison, P. C., 1968: 23; Ritter, F., 1981: 1316; Hunt, D., 1992: 39. 
Ecology: Endemic Erect, branched cactus. Andean I: dry valleys, rocky slopes. 500-1500 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  Treated under Gymnanthocereus by Ritter (1981). 
Voucher: Ritter 659* (U), Hutchison & Krahn 4955 (US)
Departments: Amazonas.


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 Browningia riosaniensis (Backeb.) G.D. Rowley



Browningia riosaniensis (Backeb.) G.D. Rowley

Synonyms: Browningia riosaniensis Backeb., Browningia riosaniensis Backeb.
Reference: Rowley, G. D., 1982: 48; Hunt, D., 1992: 39. 
Ecology: Endemic Erect, branched cactus. Andean I, Coastal: dry valleys, rocky slopes. 500-1000 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  Treated under Rauhcereus by Ritter (1981: 1345). 
Voucher: Rauh K75 [1956]* (ZSS), Rauh K141 [1956] (ZSS)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lambayeque.


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 Browningia viridis (Rauh & Backeb.) Buxb.



Browningia viridis (Rauh & Backeb.) Buxb.

Synonyms: Browningia viridis F. Ritter, Browningia viridis Rauh & Backeb.
Reference: Hunt, D., 1992: 36. 
Ecology: Endemic Erect, branched or columnar cactus. Andean II: dry valleys, rocky slopes. 1500-3000 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Rauh K69b [1954]* (ZSS), Ritter 169 (U)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho.


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 Brugmansia arborea (L.) Lagerh.



Brugmansia arborea (L.) Lagerh.

Synonyms: Brugmansia arborea L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 78. 
Ecology: Cultivated shrub, tree. . 
Voucher: Lockwood 542 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n.


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 Brugmansia bicolor Pers.


Brugmansia bicolor Pers. = Brugmansia sanguinea (Ruiz & Pav.) D. Don

Reference: FP 1349: 79. 


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 Brugmansia candida Pers.



Brugmansia candida Pers.

Synonyms: Brugmansia candida (Pers.) Pasquale, Brugmansia candida (Pers.) Safford, Brugmansia candida Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 78; D'Arcy, W. G., 1973: 583. 
Ecology. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MO!), D&iacute;az et al. 2681 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, Lima, Loreto, Pasco, Piura, Tumbes.


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 Brugmansia cornigera (Hooker) Lagerh.



Brugmansia cornigera (Hooker) Lagerh.

Synonyms: Brugmansia cornigera Hooker


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 Brugmansia sanguinea (Ruiz & Pav.) D. Don



Brugmansia sanguinea (Ruiz & Pav.) D. Don

Synonyms: Brugmansia sanguinea Pers., Brugmansia sanguinea Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 79. 
Ecology. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* , D&iacute;az et al. 2713 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Puno.


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 Brugmansia suaveolens (Willd.) Bercht. & C. Presl



Brugmansia suaveolens (Willd.) Bercht. & C. Presl

Synonyms: Brugmansia suaveolens Willd.


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 Brunellia briquetii Baehni



Brunellia briquetii Baehni

Reference: Flora Peru: 634: 1040; Cuatrecasas, J., 1970: 149. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean II: forests. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (G photo F! with frag.), Jelski 100 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca.


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 Brunellia brunnea J.F. Macbr.



Brunellia brunnea J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 634: 1040; Cuatrecasas, J., 1970: 97. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean II: forests. 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 6969* (F!)
Departments: Cuzco.


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 Brunellia carpishensis Cuatrec.



Brunellia carpishensis Cuatrec.

Synonyms: Brunellia carpishensis Cuatrec.
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1985: 69. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean II: forests. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Asplund 13066* (S), Asplund 13065 (US!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


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 Brunellia cutervensis Cuatrec.



Brunellia cutervensis Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1985: 64. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean II: forests. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: L&oacute;pez et al. 6709* (US), D&iacute;az et al. 2123 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


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 Brunellia cuzcoensis Cuatrec.



Brunellia cuzcoensis Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1970: 143. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean II: forests. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 13967* (US!), Vargas 17827 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco.


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 Brunellia dichapetaloides J.F. Macbr.



Brunellia dichapetaloides J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 634: 1041; Cuatrecasas, J., 1970: 95. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean II: forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Schunke 83* (F!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


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 Brunellia dulcis J.F. Macbr.



Brunellia dulcis J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 634: 1041; Cuatrecasas, J., 1970: 163. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean II: forests. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Sawada 74* (F!), Vargas 137 (F!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Pasco.


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 Brunellia hexasepala Loes.



Brunellia hexasepala Loes.

Reference: Flora Peru: 634: 1042; Cuatrecasas, J., 1970: 134. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean II: forests. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 734* (B photo F! with frag.)
Departments: Puno.


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 Brunellia inermis Ruiz & Pav.



Brunellia inermis Ruiz & Pav.

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 Brunellia inermis var.inermis



Brunellia inermis var. inermis 

Reference: Flora Peru: 634: 1042; Cuatrecasas, J., 1970: 124. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean II: forests. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n 23/67* (MA), Stein & Todzia 2291 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Pasco.


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 Brunellia inermis var. petiolulata Cuatrec.


Brunellia inermis var. petiolulata Cuatrec. = Brunellia carpishensis Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1985: 69. 


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 Brunellia sibundoya Cuatrec.



Brunellia sibundoya Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1970: 78. 
Ecology: Native tree. Andean II: forests. 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Based on herbarium specimens not determined to subspecies. 
Voucher: Smith & Pretel 7611 (MO!)
Departments: Pasco.


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 Brunellia stenoptera Diels



Brunellia stenoptera Diels

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1970: 101. 
Ecology: Native tree. Andean II: forests. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: van der Werff et al. 8622 (MO!)
Departments: Pasco.


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 Brunellia ternata Loes.


Brunellia ternata Loes. = Brunellia weberbaueri Loes.

Reference: FP 634: 1043; Cuatrecasas, J., 1970: 136. 


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 Brunellia weberbaueri Loes.



Brunellia weberbaueri Loes.

Synonyms: Brunellia weberbaueri Loes.
Reference: Flora Peru: 634: 1043; Cuatrecasas, J., 1970: 136. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean II: cloud forests, shrublands. 1500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6781* (F!), Macbride 4882 (F!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Pasco.


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 Brunfelsia bonodora (Vell.) J.F. Macbr.



Brunfelsia bonodora (Vell.) J.F. Macbr.

Synonyms: Brunfelsia bonodora Vell.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 152; Plowman, T., 1973: 264. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Besleria is Gesneriaceae.  


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 Brunfelsia chiricaspi Plowman



Brunfelsia chiricaspi Plowman

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 Brunfelsia grandiflora D. Don



Brunfelsia grandiflora D. Don

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 Brunfelsia grandiflora D. Don subsp.grandiflora



Brunfelsia grandiflora D. Don subsp. grandiflora 

Synonyms: Brunfelsia grandiflora grandiflora (D. Don) Miers
Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 153; Plowman, T., 1973: 292. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, terra firme forests. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* , V&aacute;squez et al. 3092 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


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 Brunfelsia grandiflora subsp.schultesii Plowman



Brunfelsia grandiflora subsp. schultesii Plowman

Reference: Plowman, T., 1973: 259. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 7778 (US)
Departments: Cuzco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Brunfelsia hydrangaeformis (Pohl) Benth.



Brunfelsia hydrangaeformis (Pohl) Benth.

Synonyms: Brunfelsia hydrangaeformis Pohl
Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 153; Plowman, T., 1973: 318. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


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 Brunfelsia latifolia (Pohl) Benth.



Brunfelsia latifolia (Pohl) Benth.

Synonyms: Brunfelsia latifolia (Benth.) Miers, Brunfelsia latifolia Benth., Brunfelsia latifolia Pohl


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 Brunfelsia maritima Benth.


Brunfelsia maritima Benth. = Brunfelsia latifolia (Pohl) Benth.

Reference: FP 1349: 153. 
Note: NN  


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 Brunfelsia mire Monach.



Brunfelsia mire Monach.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 154; Plowman, T., 1973: 343. 
Ecology. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez et al. 4370 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Loreto.


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 Bryonia glandulosa Poepp. & Endl.


Bryonia glandulosa Poepp. & Endl. = Cayaponia glandulosa (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn.

Reference: Jeffrey, C., 1971: 221. 


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 Bryophyllum calycinum Salisb.


Bryophyllum calycinum Salisb. = Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers.

Reference: FP 626: 1015. 


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 Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) Kurz


Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) Kurz = Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers.

Reference: FP 626: 1015. 


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 Bubroma grandiflorum Willd. ex Spreng.


Bubroma grandiflorum Willd. ex Spreng. = Theobroma grandiflorum (Willd. ex Spreng.) Schum.

Reference: FP 1304: 656; Cuatrecasas, J., 1964: 552. 


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 Bucephalon racemosum L.


Bucephalon racemosum L. = Trophis racemosa subsp. racemosa 

Reference: FP 1233: 308. 
Note: NN  


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 Buchenavia amazonia Al-Mayah & Stace



Buchenavia amazonia Al-Mayah & Stace

Reference: Al-Mayah, A. R. A. & C. A. Stace, 1989: 1127. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: van der Werff 9944 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Buchenavia grandis Ducke



Buchenavia grandis Ducke

Reference: Al-Mayah, A.-R. A., 1983:. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & Jaramillo 56115 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


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 Buchenavia macrophylla Spruce ex Eichler



Buchenavia macrophylla Spruce ex Eichler

Reference: Flora Peru: 759: 228; Al-Mayah, A.-R. A., 1983:. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Spruce 2507* , V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 3171 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Buchenavia oxycarpa Mart. & Eichler



Buchenavia oxycarpa Mart. & Eichler

Synonyms: Buchenavia oxycarpa Spruce ex Eichler
Reference: Flora Peru: 759: 229. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Spruce 4945* (K), Rimachi 2513 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Buchenavia pallidovirens Cuatrec.



Buchenavia pallidovirens Cuatrec.

Reference: Al-Mayah, A.-R. A., 1983:. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ancuash 432 (US)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto.


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 Buchenavia parvifolia Ducke



Buchenavia parvifolia Ducke

Reference: Stace, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Arevalo 9013 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Buchenavia punctata Spruce ex Eichler


Buchenavia punctata Spruce ex Eichler = Buchenavia oxycarpa Mart. & Eichler

Reference: FP 759: 229; Al-Mayah, A.-R. A., 1983:. 


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 Buchenavia reticulata Eichler



Buchenavia reticulata Eichler

Reference: Al-Mayah, A.-R. A., 1983:. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Spruce 3453* , V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 4627 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Buchenavia sericocarpa Ducke



Buchenavia sericocarpa Ducke

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 Buchenavia tomentosa Eichler



Buchenavia tomentosa Eichler

Reference: Stace, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez et al. 10455 (MO!)
Departments: Ucayali.


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 Buchenavia viridiflora Ducke



Buchenavia viridiflora Ducke

Reference: Al-Mayah, A.-R. A., 1983:. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Rimachi 2304 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Buchnera elongata Hemsl.


Buchnera elongata Hemsl. = Buchnera pusilla Kunth

Reference: FP 1361: 512. 


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 Buchnera grandiflora L. f.


Buchnera grandiflora L. f. = Escobedia grandiflora (L. f.) Kuntze

Reference: Holmgren, N. H. & U. Molau, 1984: 148. 


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 Buchnera leiantha Standl.


Buchnera leiantha Standl. = Buchnera weberbaueri Diels

Reference: FP 1361: 514. 


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 Buchnera lithospermifolia Benth.


Buchnera lithospermifolia Benth. = Buchnera pusilla Kunth

Reference: FP 1361: 512. 
Note: sensu Bentham  


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 Buchnera lithospermifolia Standl.


Buchnera lithospermifolia Standl. = Buchnera rosea Kunth

Reference: FP 1361: 513. 
Note: sensu Standley  


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 Buchnera major Polakowsky


Buchnera major Polakowsky = Buchnera pusilla Kunth

Reference: FP 1361: 512. 


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 Buchnera palustris (Aubl.) Spreng.



Buchnera palustris (Aubl.) Spreng.

Synonyms: Buchnera palustris Aubl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 512. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


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 Buchnera pilosa Benth.


Buchnera pilosa Benth. = Buchnera pusilla Kunth

Reference: FP 1361: 512. 


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 Buchnera pusilla Kunth



Buchnera pusilla Kunth

Synonyms: Buchnera pusilla Benth., Buchnera pusilla Benth., Buchnera pusilla Bertol., Buchnera pusilla Hemsl., Buchnera pusilla Polakowsky
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 512. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


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 Buchnera rosea Kunth



Buchnera rosea Kunth

Synonyms: Buchnera rosea Schmidt., Buchnera rosea Standl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 513. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


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 Buchnera rosea var. congesta Schmidt.


Buchnera rosea var. congesta Schmidt. = Buchnera rosea Kunth

Reference: FP 1361: 513. 


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 Buchnera tinctoria Bertol.


Buchnera tinctoria Bertol. = Buchnera pusilla Kunth

Reference: FP 1361: 512. 


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 Buchnera weberbaueri Diels



Buchnera weberbaueri Diels

Synonyms: Buchnera weberbaueri Standl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 514. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


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 Bucholzia ficoidea (L.) Mart.


Bucholzia ficoidea (L.) Mart. = Alternanthera paronychioides St. Hilaire

Reference: FP 1255: 498; Mears, J., 1977: 7. 


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 Bucholzia lupulina (Kunth) Mart.


Bucholzia lupulina (Kunth) Mart. = Alternanthera lupulina Kunth

Reference: FP 1255: 501. 


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 Bucholzia philoxeroides Mart.


Bucholzia philoxeroides Mart. = Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb.

Reference: FP 1255: 505; Mears, J., 1977: 14. 


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 Buchtienia boliviensis Schltr.



Buchtienia boliviensis Schltr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 128; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 1000-1500 m. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


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 Buchtienia rosea Garay



Buchtienia rosea Garay

Reference: Garay, L. A., 1978: 23. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. . 
Voucher: Vargas 7381* (AMES)
Departments: Cuzco.


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 Buddleja americana L.



Buddleja americana L.

Synonyms: Buddleja americana L., Buddleja americana Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1341: 241; Norman, E. M., 1982: 13. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, rocky slopes, shrublands, terra firme forests. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Solomon 3101 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Loreto, Pasco, Piura, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes, Ucayali.


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 Buddleja betonicaefolia Lam.


Buddleja betonicaefolia Lam. = Lepechinia betonicaefolia (Lam.) Epling

Reference: FP 1341: 242; Norman, E. M., 1982: 20. 


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 Buddleja blattaria J.F. Macbr.



Buddleja blattaria J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1341: 242; Norman, E. M., 1982: 7. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: forests, rocky slopes, shrublands. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6046* (F!), Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 8246 (MO!)
Departments: Piura.


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 Buddleja bullata Kunth



Buddleja bullata Kunth

Synonyms: Buddleja bullata Kraenzl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1341: 245; Norman, E. M., 1982: 12. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: forests, rocky slopes. 2000-3500 m. 
Note: Treated as a synonym of B. incana in the Flora of Peru. 
Voucher: Ferreyra & Acleto 15398 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, Lima, La Libertad.


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 Buddleja buxifolia Kraenzl.


Buddleja buxifolia Kraenzl. = Buddleja coriacea Remy

Reference: FP 1341: 242; Norman, pers. comm.. 


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 Buddleja chenopodiifolia Kraenzl.



Buddleja chenopodiifolia Kraenzl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1341: 243. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean II: rocky slopes, shrublands. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 5519* (F!), Stork & Horton 10785 (F!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho, Huancavelica.


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 Buddleja connata Ruiz & Pav.


Buddleja connata Ruiz & Pav. = Buddleja globosa Hope

Reference: FP 1341: 245. 
Note: NN  


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 Buddleja coriacea Remy



Buddleja coriacea Remy

Synonyms: Buddleja coriacea Kraenzl., Buddleja coriacea Kraenzl., Buddleja coriacea Kraenzl., Buddleja coriacea Kraenzl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1341: 243. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, shrublands. 3000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Smith 2975 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Puno.


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 Buddleja davidii Franch.



Buddleja davidii Franch.

Reference: Norman, E. M., 1982: 20. 
Ecology: Cultivated shrub. . 
Voucher: Soukup 2952 (F!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


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 Buddleja diffusa Ruiz & Pav.



Buddleja diffusa Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1341: 244. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, rocky slopes, shrublands. 1000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Dillon et al. 1122 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Puno.


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 Buddleja globosa Hope


Buddleja globosa Hope = ?  

Reference: FP 1341: 245. 
Note: NN  


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 Buddleja globosa Lam.


Buddleja globosa Lam. = Buddleja globosa Hope

Reference: FP 1341: 245. 
Note: NN  


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 Buddleja incana Ruiz & Pav.



Buddleja incana Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Buddleja incana Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 1341: 245; Norman, E. M., 1982: 11. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands, riversides, shrublands. 3000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Ferreyra 15130 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Pasco.


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 Buddleja interrupta Kunth



Buddleja interrupta Kunth

Synonyms: Buddleja interrupta Kraenzl., Buddleja interrupta Zahlbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1341: 244; Norman, E. M., 1982: 20. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, dry valleys. 1000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland s.n.* (P!), Smith & V&aacute;squez 3394 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Lambayeque.


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 Buddleja lanata var. peruviana J.F. Macbr.


Buddleja lanata var. peruviana J.F. Macbr. = Buddleja polycephala var. peruviana (J.F. Macbr.) E. M. Norman

Reference: FP 1341: 247; Norman, E. M., 1982: 6. 


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 Buddleja ledifolia Kraenzl.


Buddleja ledifolia Kraenzl. = Buddleja pichinchensis Kunth

Reference: FP 1341: 246; Norman, E. M., 1982: 10. 


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 Buddleja longifolia Kunth



Buddleja longifolia Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 1341: 245; Norman, E. M., 1982: 19. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean II: disturbed areas, forests. 2000-3000 m. 
Note: Treated as a synonym of B. incana in the Flora of Peru. 
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland 3675* (P!), Raimondi 576 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca.


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 Buddleja montana Britton



Buddleja montana Britton

Reference: Flora Peru: 1341: 246; Norman, E. M., 1982: 10. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Metcalf 30711 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Puno.


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 Buddleja multiceps Kraenzl.



Buddleja multiceps Kraenzl.

Reference: Norman, E. M., 1982: 10. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: forests. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: L&oacute;pez & Sag&aacute;stegui 5435 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Huancavelica.


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 Buddleja occidentalis L.


Buddleja occidentalis L. = Buddleja americana L.

Reference: FP 1341: 241; Norman, E. M., 1982: 13. 


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 Buddleja pichinchensis Kunth



Buddleja pichinchensis Kunth

Synonyms: Buddleja pichinchensis Kraenzl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1341: 246; Norman, E. M., 1982: 8. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Buddleja pilulifera Kraenzl.


Buddleja pilulifera Kraenzl. = Buddleja interrupta Kunth

Reference: FP 1341: 244. 


$


 Buddleja polycephala Kunth



Buddleja polycephala Kunth

$


 Buddleja polycephala var.peruviana (J.F. Macbr.) E. M. Norman



Buddleja polycephala var. peruviana (J.F. Macbr.) E. M. Norman

Synonyms: Buddleja polycephala var. peruviana J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Norman, E. M., 1982: 6. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: shrublands. 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 6360* (F!)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Buddleja polycephala var.polycephala



Buddleja polycephala var. polycephala 

Reference: Flora Peru: 1341: 247; Norman, E. M., 1982: 6. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: shrublands. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland 3469* (B!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Piura.


$


 Buddleja rhododendroides Kraenzl.


Buddleja rhododendroides Kraenzl. = Buddleja coriacea Remy

Reference: FP 1341: 247; Norman, pers. comm.. 


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 Buddleja rufescens Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.



Buddleja rufescens Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.

Reference: Norman, E. M., 1982: 13; E. Norman, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas, dry valleys, riversides. 0-2000 m. 
Note: Treated as a synonym of B. americana by Norman (1982).  
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland 3528* (B), Ferreyra 10386 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Ica, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Piura.


$


 Buddleja rugosa Kunth


Buddleja rugosa Kunth = Buddleja incana Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1341: 245; Norman, E. M., 1982: 11. 


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 Buddleja soratae Kraenzl.



Buddleja soratae Kraenzl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1313: 156; Norman, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean II: forests. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 24382 (F!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Buddleja spicata Ruiz & Pav.


Buddleja spicata Ruiz & Pav. = Buddleja americana L.

Reference: FP 1341: 248; Norman, E. M., 1982: 13. 


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 Buddleja szyszylowiczii Zahlbr.


Buddleja szyszylowiczii Zahlbr. = Buddleja interrupta Kunth

Reference: FP 1341: 244. 


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 Buddleja ususch Kraenzl.


Buddleja ususch Kraenzl. = Buddleja coriacea Remy

Reference: FP 1341: 248; Norman, pers. comm.. 


$


 Buddleja utilis Kraenzl.


Buddleja utilis Kraenzl. = Buddleja coriacea Remy

Reference: FP 1341: 248; Norman, pers. comm.. 


$


 Buddleja vernixia Kraenzl.


Buddleja vernixia Kraenzl. = Buddleja bullata Kunth

Reference: FP 1341: 248; Norman, E. M., 1982: 12. 


$


 Buena acuminata (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.


Buena acuminata (Ruiz & Pav.) DC. = Hillia parasitica Jacq.

Reference: FP 1365: 48. 


$


 Buena acutifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Wedd.


Buena acutifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Wedd. = Ladenbergia acutifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Klotzsch

Reference: FP 1365: 39. 


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 Buena bullata (Wedd.) Wedd.


Buena bullata (Wedd.) Wedd. = Ladenbergia bullata (Wedd.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1365: 40. 


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 Buena carua (Wedd.) Wedd.


Buena carua (Wedd.) Wedd. = Ladenbergia carua (Wedd.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1365: 40; Standley, P. C., 1931: 274. 


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 Buena crassifolia (Pav. ex DC.) Wedd.


Buena crassifolia (Pav. ex DC.) Wedd. = Ladenbergia crassifolia (Pav. ex DC.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1365: 41; Standley, P. C., 1931: 200. 


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 Buena heterophylla (Wedd.) Wedd.


Buena heterophylla (Wedd.) Wedd. = Ladenbergia heterophylla (Wedd.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1365: 43; Standley, P. C., 1930: 18. 


$



$


 Buena obtusifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.


Buena obtusifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) DC. = Cosmibuena grandiflora (Ruiz & Pav.) Rusby

Reference: FP 1365: 49. 


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 Buena stenocarpa (Lambert) Wedd.


Buena stenocarpa (Lambert) Wedd. = Ladenbergia stenocarpa (Lambert) Klotzsch

Reference: FP 1365: 45. 


$



$


 Buesia mirifica (C.V. Morton) Copel.


Buesia mirifica (C.V. Morton) Copel. = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 58. 


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 Buesiella pusilla C. Schweinf.



Buesiella pusilla C. Schweinf.

Synonyms: Buesiella pusilla (C. Schweinf.) Garay
Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 569; 1510: 71; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 1500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Pastorelli illus.  


$


 Bulbophyllum bracteosum C. Schweinf.


Bulbophyllum bracteosum C. Schweinf. = Bulbophyllum steyermarkii Foldats

Reference: FP 1510: 48; Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 16. 


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 Bulbophyllum incarum Kraenzl.



Bulbophyllum incarum Kraenzl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 567; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 951* 
Departments: Puno.


$


 Bulbophyllum meridense Rchb. f.



Bulbophyllum meridense Rchb. f.

Synonyms: Bulbophyllum meridense (Rchb. f.) Lindl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 568; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


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 Bulbophyllum pachyrhachis (A. Rich.) Griseb.



Bulbophyllum pachyrhachis (A. Rich.) Griseb.

Synonyms: Bulbophyllum pachyrhachis A. Rich.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1510: 49; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Bulbophyllum steyermarkii Foldats



Bulbophyllum steyermarkii Foldats

Synonyms: Bulbophyllum steyermarkii C. Schweinf.
Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 16. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean II: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison & von Bismarck 3474 (UC)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Bulbophyllum weberbauerianum Kraenzl.



Bulbophyllum weberbauerianum Kraenzl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 568; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 540* 
Departments: Puno.


$


 Bulbostylis arenaria (Nees) Lindm.


Bulbostylis arenaria (Nees) Lindm. = Bulbostylis juncoides var. juncoides 

Reference: FP 735: 283; Kral, R., 1971: 93. 


$


 Bulbostylis barbata (Rottb.) C.B. Clarke



Bulbostylis barbata (Rottb.) C.B. Clarke

Synonyms: Bulbostylis barbata (Nees) Boeckl., Bulbostylis barbata (Nees) Britton, Bulbostylis barbata (Nees) C.B. Clarke, Bulbostylis barbata Nees, Bulbostylis barbata Rottb.
Reference: Flora Peru: 735: 284; Koyama, T., 1979: 245. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Bulbostylis capillaris (L.) C.B. Clarke



Bulbostylis capillaris (L.) C.B. Clarke

Synonyms: Bulbostylis capillaris (J. Presl & C. Presl) H. Pfeiff., Bulbostylis capillaris (L.) Britton, Bulbostylis capillaris J. Presl & C. Presl, Bulbostylis capillaris L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 735: 283; Kral, R., 1971: 98. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 22609 (NY!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Puno.


$


 Bulbostylis capillaris var. coarctata (Elliott) J.F. Macbr.


Bulbostylis capillaris var. coarctata (Elliott) J.F. Macbr. = Bulbostylis ciliatifolia var. coarctata (Ell.) Kral

Reference: FP 735: 284; Kral, R., 1971: 96. 


$


 Bulbostylis ciliatifolia var.coarctata (Ell.) Kral



Bulbostylis ciliatifolia var. coarctata (Ell.) Kral

Synonyms: Bulbostylis ciliatifolia coarctata Elliott, Bulbostylis ciliatifolia fo. coarctata (Elliott) H. Pfeiff., Bulbostylis ciliatifolia var. coarctata (Elliott) Britton, Bulbostylis ciliatifolia var. coarctata (Elliott) J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Kral, R., 1971: 96. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   No Peruvian specimens are cited by Kral (1971). 


$


 Bulbostylis fimbriatus (Nees) C.B. Clarke


Bulbostylis fimbriatus (Nees) C.B. Clarke = Bulbostylis barbata (Rottb.) C.B. Clarke

Reference: FP 735: 284; Koyama, T., 1979: 245. 


$


 Bulbostylis hirtella (Schrad. ex Schult.) Nees ex Urb.


Bulbostylis hirtella (Schrad. ex Schult.) Nees ex Urb. = Bulbostylis juncoides var. juncoides 

Reference: FP 735: 284; Kral, R., 1971: 93. 


$


 Bulbostylis junciformis (Kunth) C.B. Clarke



Bulbostylis junciformis (Kunth) C.B. Clarke

Synonyms: Bulbostylis junciformis (Kunth) Britton, Bulbostylis junciformis Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 735: 284; Kral, R., 1971: 80. 
Ecology: Native herb. .. 0-500 m. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   No Peruvian specimens are cited by Kral (1971). 
Voucher: Gentry & N&uacute;&ntilde;ez 69569 (MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios.


$


 Bulbostylis juncoides (Vahl) K&uuml;k. ex Osten



Bulbostylis juncoides (Vahl) K&uuml;k. ex Osten

$


 Bulbostylis juncoides var.juncoides



Bulbostylis juncoides var. juncoides 

Synonyms: Bulbostylis juncoides juncoides (Nees) J.F. Macbr., Bulbostylis juncoides juncoides (Nees) Lindm., Bulbostylis juncoides juncoides (Schrad. ex Schult.) H. Pfeiff., Bulbostylis juncoides juncoides (Schrad. ex Schult.) Nees ex Urb., Bulbostylis juncoides juncoides Kunth, Bulbostylis juncoides juncoides Nees, Bulbostylis juncoides juncoides Schrad. ex Schult., Bulbostylis juncoides juncoides Vahl, Bulbostylis juncoides var. juncoides H. Pfeiff.
Reference: Flora Peru: 735: 285; Kral, R., 1971: 93. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands, shrublands. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Dillon et al. 2836 (NY!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad.


$


 Bulbostylis juncoides var.lorentzii (Boeckl.) K&uuml;k.



Bulbostylis juncoides var. lorentzii (Boeckl.) K&uuml;k.

Synonyms: Bulbostylis juncoides lorentzii Boeckl.


$


 Bulbostylis scabra (J. Presl & C. Presl) C.B. Clarke



Bulbostylis scabra (J. Presl & C. Presl) C.B. Clarke

Synonyms: Bulbostylis scabra (J. Presl & C. Presl) H. Pfeiff., Bulbostylis scabra J. Presl & C. Presl
Reference: Flora Peru: 735: 285. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Bulbostylis tenuifolia (Rudge) J.F. Macbr.



Bulbostylis tenuifolia (Rudge) J.F. Macbr.

Synonyms: Bulbostylis tenuifolia (Kunth) Poir., Bulbostylis tenuifolia (Rudge) Britton, Bulbostylis tenuifolia (Rudge) Nees, Bulbostylis tenuifolia Kunth, Bulbostylis tenuifolia Rudge
Reference: Flora Peru: 735: 285; Kral, R., 1971: 99. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas. 500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Smith & Brack 3090 (NY!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Bulbostylis vestita (Kunth) C.B. Clarke



Bulbostylis vestita (Kunth) C.B. Clarke

Synonyms: Bulbostylis vestita Kunth
Reference: Kral, R., 1971: 79. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas, grasslands. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: McDaniel 14239 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Bulnesia retama (Gillies ex Hooker & Arnott) Griseb.



Bulnesia retama (Gillies ex Hooker & Arnott) Griseb.

Synonyms: Bulnesia retama Engl., Bulnesia retama Gillies ex Hooker & Arnott
Reference: Flora Peru: 653: 652; Porter, D. M., 1974: 343; Palacios, R. A. & J. H. Hunziker, 1984: 308. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I, Coastal: desert, rocky slopes. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Hunziker 10009 (MO!)
Departments: Ica.


$


 Bulnesia retama var. weberbaueri Engl.


Bulnesia retama var. weberbaueri Engl. = Bulnesia retama (Gillies ex Hooker & Arnott) Griseb.

Reference: Palacios, R. A. & J. H. Hunziker, 1984: 308. 


$


 Bumelia cuneifolia Rudge


Bumelia cuneifolia Rudge = Chrysophyllum cuneifolium (Rudge) A. DC.

Reference: Pennington, T. D., 1990: 593. 


$


 Bumelia manglillo (Lam.) Willd.


Bumelia manglillo (Lam.) Willd. = Myrsine manglilla (Lam.) R. Br.

Reference: Pipoly, pers. comm.. 


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 Bumelia obtusifolia Roem. & Schult.


Bumelia obtusifolia Roem. & Schult. = Sideroxylon obtusifolium (Roem. & Schult.) T.D. Penn. subsp. obtusifolium 

Reference: FP 1297: 139; Pennington, T. D., 1990: 114. 


$


 Bunchosia angustifolia A. Juss.


Bunchosia angustifolia A. Juss. = Bunchosia armeniaca (Cav.) DC.

Reference: FP 665: 919; Cuatrecasas, J., 1958: 587. 


$


 Bunchosia argentea (Jacq.) DC.



Bunchosia argentea (Jacq.) DC.

Synonyms: Bunchosia argentea Jacq.
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1958: 580. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: terra firme forests. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 4095 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Pasco.


$


 Bunchosia armeniaca (Cav.) DC.



Bunchosia armeniaca (Cav.) DC.

Synonyms: Bunchosia armeniaca A. Juss., Bunchosia armeniaca Cav., Bunchosia armeniaca Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don
Reference: Flora Peru: 665: 857; Cuatrecasas, J., 1958: 587. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: riversides, terra firme forests. 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (MA), Terborgh 6122 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Bunchosia berlinii W.R. Anderson



Bunchosia berlinii W.R. Anderson

Reference: Anderson, W. R., 1987: 61. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian: forests, terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Berlin 1777* (MICH), Kayap 289 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Bunchosia bonplandiana A. Juss.



Bunchosia bonplandiana A. Juss.

Reference: Anderson, W. R., 1987: 63. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: cloud forests. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 4032 (MICH)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Bunchosia decussiflora W.R. Anderson



Bunchosia decussiflora W.R. Anderson

Reference: Anderson, W. R., 1981: 279. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests, riversides. 0-500 m. 
Note: Cited voucher is questionably determined.  
Voucher: Gentry et al. 21846 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Bunchosia elliptica Todaro



Bunchosia elliptica Todaro

Reference: Flora Peru: 665: 858; Cuatrecasas, J., 1958: 584. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Cuatrecasas (1958) indicates that this species, described from a cultivated plant, may represent only a form of B. hookeriana. 
Voucher: Croat 18505 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Bunchosia fluminensis fo. systyla Nied.


Bunchosia fluminensis fo. systyla Nied. = Bunchosia systyla (Nied.) Dobson

Reference: Dobson III, F. H., 1983: 275. 
Note: NN  


$


 Bunchosia fluminensis Griseb.


Bunchosia fluminensis Griseb. = Bunchosia maritima (Vell. Conc.) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 665: 860; Dobson III, F. H., 1976: 157. 
Note: NN  


$


 Bunchosia glandulifera (Jacq.) Kunth



Bunchosia glandulifera (Jacq.) Kunth

Synonyms: Bunchosia glandulifera Jacq.
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1958: 582; Anderson, W. R., 1981: 278. 
Ecology: Cultivated tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Fosberg 28994 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Bunchosia glandulosa (Cav.) DC.



Bunchosia glandulosa (Cav.) DC.

Synonyms: Bunchosia glandulosa Cav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 665: 858; Anderson, W. R., 1988: 600. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Bunchosia hookeriana A. Juss.



Bunchosia hookeriana A. Juss.

Reference: Flora Peru: 665: 858; Cuatrecasas, J., 1958: 583; Anderson, W. R., 1981: 279. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: terra firme forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (K), Solomon 3430 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Bunchosia lanceolata fo. leiocarpa Nied.


Bunchosia lanceolata fo. leiocarpa Nied. = Bunchosia lindeniana A. Juss.

Reference: FP 665: 859; Dobson III, F. H., 1976: 106; W. R. Anderson, pers. comm.. 
Note: NN  


$


 Bunchosia lindeniana A. Juss.



Bunchosia lindeniana A. Juss.

Synonyms: Bunchosia lindeniana Nied.
Reference: Flora Peru: 665: 860; Dobson III, F. H., 1976: 106; W. R. Anderson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   The collection cited in the Flora of Peru, Raimondi s.n., was misidentified. 


$


 Bunchosia maritima (Vell. Conc.) J.F. Macbr.



Bunchosia maritima (Vell. Conc.) J.F. Macbr.

Synonyms: Bunchosia maritima Griseb., Bunchosia maritima Vell.
Reference: Flora Peru: 665: 860; Cuatrecasas, J., 1958: 584; Dobson III, F. H., 1976: 157. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Bunchosia media (Aiton) DC.



Bunchosia media (Aiton) DC.

Synonyms: Bunchosia media Aiton
Reference: Flora Peru: 665: 861; Anderson, W. R., 1988: 602. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Bunchosia plowmanii W.R. Anderson



Bunchosia plowmanii W.R. Anderson

Reference: Anderson, W. R., 1987: 66. 
Ecology: Native shrub, treelet. Andean I, Coastal: disturbed areas, dry valleys, forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Plowman 5442* (MICH), Hutchison & Wright 3437 (F)
Departments: Lambayeque, Tumbes.


$


 Bunchosia squarrosa Griseb.


Bunchosia squarrosa Griseb. = Tetrapterys styloptera A. Juss.

Reference: Anderson, W. R., 1981: 256. 


$


 Bunchosia systyla (Nied.) Dobson



Bunchosia systyla (Nied.) Dobson

Synonyms: Bunchosia systyla Nied.
Reference: Dobson III, F. H., 1983: 275. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   The Flora of Peru mentions the forma listed here in synonymy under B. maritima.  The species is expected in Peru. 


$


 Buphthalmum lineare Willd.


Buphthalmum lineare Willd. = Borrichia peruviana DC.

Reference: Semple, J. C., 1979: 693. 


$


 Buphthalmum peruvianum Lam.


Buphthalmum peruvianum Lam. = Borrichia peruviana DC.

Reference: Semple, J. C., 1979: 693. 


$


 Burdachia prismatocarpa C. Martius ex Adr. Jussieu



Burdachia prismatocarpa C. Martius ex Adr. Jussieu

$


 Burdachia prismatocarpa var.loretoensis W.R. Anderson



Burdachia prismatocarpa var. loretoensis W.R. Anderson

Reference: Flora Peru: 665: 871; Anderson, W. R., 1981: 143. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests, riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 5146* (MO!), V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 1094 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Burlingtonia batemanii (Poepp. & Endl.) Lindl. ex Cogn.


Burlingtonia batemanii (Poepp. & Endl.) Lindl. ex Cogn. = Rodriguezia batemanii Poepp. & Endl.

Reference: FP 1473: 771; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Burlingtonia rubescens Lindl.


Burlingtonia rubescens Lindl. = Rodriguezia batemanii Poepp. & Endl.

Reference: FP 1473: 771; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Burmannia kalbreyeri Oliv.



Burmannia kalbreyeri Oliv.

Reference: Maas, P. J. M., H. Maas-van de Kamer, J. van Benthem, H. C. M. Snelders, & T. B&uuml;bsamen, 1986: 47. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Wallk&ouml;er 14-18688 (WU)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Burmannia stuebelii Hieron. & Schltr.



Burmannia stuebelii Hieron. & Schltr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1207: 767; Maas, P. J. M., H. Maas-van de Kamer, J. van Benthem, H. C. M. Snelders, & T. B&uuml;bsamen, 1986: 79. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 1500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Stuebel 25B* (B), Hutchison & Wright 5501 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Burmannia tenella Benth.



Burmannia tenella Benth.

Reference: Maas, P. J. M., H. Maas-van de Kamer, J. van Benthem, H. C. M. Snelders, & T. B&uuml;bsamen, 1986: 55. 
Ecology: Native saphrophyte. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Wolfe 12301 (NA)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Burmeistera asteriscus E. Wimm.


Burmeistera asteriscus E. Wimm. = Centropogon peruvianus (E. Wimm.) McVaugh

Reference: FP 1381: 392; Stein, B. A., 1987: 495. 


$


 Burmeistera macrocarpa (A. Zahlbruckner) E. Wimm.


Burmeistera macrocarpa (A. Zahlbruckner) E. Wimm. = Centropogon macrocarpus A. Zahlbruckner

Reference: FP 1381: 393; Stein, B. A., 1987: 495. 


$


 Burmeistera microphylla Donn. Sm.



Burmeistera microphylla Donn. Sm.

Reference: Stein, B. A., 1987: 495. 
Ecology: Native vine. Andean II: rocky slopes. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Stein & Todzia 2198 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Burmeistera pallida (Drake) E. Wimm.


Burmeistera pallida (Drake) E. Wimm. = Burmeistera ramosa E. Wimm.

Reference: Jeppesen, S., 1981: 40. 
Note: If Jeppesen's synonymy is correct, this name has priority .  


$


 Burmeistera peruviana E. Wimm.


Burmeistera peruviana E. Wimm. = Centropogon peruvianus (E. Wimm.) McVaugh

Reference: FP 1381: 393; Stein, B. A., 1987: 495. 


$


 Burmeistera ramosa E. Wimm.



Burmeistera ramosa E. Wimm.

Synonyms: Burmeistera ramosa (Drake) E. Wimm., Burmeistera ramosa Drake, Burmeistera ramosa E. Wimm.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 393; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 41; Stein, B. A., 1987: 495. 
Ecology: Native herb, vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Tessmann 2725* (NY), Smith & V&aacute;squez 4608 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Burmeistera ramosa var. campii E. Wimm.


Burmeistera ramosa var. campii E. Wimm. = Burmeistera ramosa E. Wimm.

Reference: Jeppesen, S., 1981: 40. 


$


 Burmeistera tricolorata E. Wimm.


Burmeistera tricolorata E. Wimm. = Siphocampylus rusbyanus Britton

Reference: FP 1381: 393; Stein, B. A., 1987: 496. 


$


 Burmeistera weberbaueri A. Zahlbruckner


Burmeistera weberbaueri A. Zahlbruckner = Siphocampylus oscitans B. A. Stein

Reference: FP 1381: 394; Stein, B. A., 1987: 492; Stein, B. A., 1987: 496. 


$


 Bursera graveolens (Kunth) Triana & Planch.



Bursera graveolens (Kunth) Triana & Planch.

Synonyms: Bursera graveolens (B.L. Rob.) J.F. Macbr., Bursera graveolens B.L. Rob., Bursera graveolens Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 659: 712. 
Ecology: Native tree. Andean I-II: forests, rocky slopes. 1000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 9958 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Piura, Tumbes.


$


 Bursera graveolens fo. malacophylla (B.L. Rob.) J.F. Macbr.


Bursera graveolens fo. malacophylla (B.L. Rob.) J.F. Macbr. = Bursera graveolens (Kunth) Triana & Planch.

Reference: FP 659: 712; Daly, pers. comm.. 


$


 Bursera klugii (J. F. Macbride) J.F. Macbr.


Bursera klugii (J. F. Macbride) J.F. Macbr. = Protium klugii J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 659: 712; Daly, D. C., 1989: 23. 


$


 Bursera malacophylla B.L. Rob.


Bursera malacophylla B.L. Rob. = Bursera graveolens (Kunth) Triana & Planch.

Reference: FP 659: 712; Daly, pers. comm.. 


$


 Byrsonima amazonica Griseb.


Byrsonima amazonica Griseb. = Byrsonima densa (Poir.) DC.

Reference: FP 665: 867; Anderson, W. R., 1981: 106. 
Note: NN  


$


 Byrsonima arthropoda A. Juss.



Byrsonima arthropoda A. Juss.

Reference: Flora Peru: 665: 864; Anderson, W. R., 1981: 87. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests, riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 2214* (G), Barbour 5674 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Byrsonima chrysophylla Kunth



Byrsonima chrysophylla Kunth

Synonyms: Byrsonima chrysophylla A. Juss., Byrsonima chrysophylla A. Juss.
Reference: Flora Peru: 665: 864; Anderson, W. R., 1981: 94. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 6108 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Byrsonima coccolobifolia Kunth



Byrsonima coccolobifolia Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 665: 864; Cuatrecasas, J., 1958: 618; Anderson, W. R., 1981: 97. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4596 (F)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Byrsonima coriacea (Sw.) DC.



Byrsonima coriacea (Sw.) DC.

Synonyms: Byrsonima coriacea Sw.
Reference: Flora Peru: 665: 865; W. R. Anderson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Byrsonima coriacea var. spicata (Cav.) Nied.


Byrsonima coriacea var. spicata (Cav.) Nied. = Byrsonima spicata (Cav.) Kunth

Reference: FP 665: 866; Cuatrecasas, J., 1958: 602; Anderson, W. R., 1981: 95. 


$


 Byrsonima cowanii W.R. Anderson



Byrsonima cowanii W.R. Anderson

Reference: Anderson, W. R., 1981: 123. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests, terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Specimen cited is questionably determined. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez et al. 6198 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Byrsonima crassifolia (L.) Kunth



Byrsonima crassifolia (L.) Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 665: 866; Cuatrecasas, J., 1958: 607; Anderson, W. R., 1981: 91. 


$


 Byrsonima crassifolia var.crassifolia



Byrsonima crassifolia var. crassifolia 

Synonyms: Byrsonima crassifolia crassifolia L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 665: 866; Cuatrecasas, J., 1958: 607; Anderson, W. R., 1981: 91. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Byrsonima crassifolia var.peruviana Nied.



Byrsonima crassifolia var. peruviana Nied.

Reference: Flora Peru: 665: 867. 
Ecology. 1500-2000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 1107* (B)
Departments: Puno.


$


 Byrsonima crispa A. Juss.



Byrsonima crispa A. Juss.

Reference: Anderson, W. R., 1981: 89. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Hartshorn 1718 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Byrsonima densa (Poir.) DC.



Byrsonima densa (Poir.) DC.

Synonyms: Byrsonima densa Griseb., Byrsonima densa Poir.
Reference: Flora Peru: 665: 867; Anderson, W. R., 1981: 106; W. R. Anderson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Byrsonima fluminensis Nied.


Byrsonima fluminensis Nied. = Byrsonima japurensis A. Juss.

Reference: FP 665: 868; Anderson, W. R., 1981: 100. 


$


 Byrsonima japurensis A. Juss.



Byrsonima japurensis A. Juss.

Synonyms: Byrsonima japurensis (Nied.) Cuatrec., Byrsonima japurensis Nied.
Reference: Anderson, W. R., 1981: 100. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: D&iacute;az et al. 2489 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Byrsonima japurensis subsp. fluminensis (Nied.) Cuatrec.


Byrsonima japurensis subsp. fluminensis (Nied.) Cuatrec. = Byrsonima japurensis A. Juss.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1958: 627; Anderson, W. R., 1981: 100. 


$


 Byrsonima laxiflora Griseb.



Byrsonima laxiflora Griseb.

Reference: Flora Peru: 665: 868; W. R. Anderson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   The three collections cited in the Flora of Peru have not yet been redetermined, but the type is from Minas Gerais, Brazil, so this species is not expected in Peru. 


$


 Byrsonima nitida Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don


Byrsonima nitida Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don = Bunchosia armeniaca (Cav.) DC.

Reference: FP 665: 857. 


$


 Byrsonima peruviana A. Juss.


Byrsonima peruviana A. Juss. = Byrsonima chrysophylla Kunth

Reference: FP 665: 864. 


$


 Byrsonima peruviana var. eglandulosa A. Juss.


Byrsonima peruviana var. eglandulosa A. Juss. = Byrsonima chrysophylla Kunth

Reference: FP 665: 864. 


$


 Byrsonima phlomoides (Sprengel) G. Don


Byrsonima phlomoides (Sprengel) G. Don = Tetrapterys phlomoides (Sprengel) Nied.

Reference: FP 665: 808. 
Note: NN  


$


 Byrsonima poeppigiana A. Juss.



Byrsonima poeppigiana A. Juss.

Reference: Flora Peru: 665: 869; Anderson, W. R., 1981: 85. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Revilla 309 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Byrsonima poeppigiana var. velutina Nied.


Byrsonima poeppigiana var. velutina Nied. = Byrsonima schunkei W.R. Anderson

Reference: FP 665: 869; Anderson, W. R., 1982: 101. 


$


 Byrsonima putumayensis Cuatrec.



Byrsonima putumayensis Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1958: 601. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: D&iacute;az & Jaramillo 1389 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Byrsonima schunkei W.R. Anderson



Byrsonima schunkei W.R. Anderson

Synonyms: Byrsonima schunkei Nied.
Reference: Anderson, W. R., 1982: 101. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 3929* (MO!), V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 2469 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Byrsonima sericea DC.



Byrsonima sericea DC.

Reference: Flora Peru: 665: 869; Cuatrecasas, J., 1958: 601. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Byrsonima spicata (Cav.) Kunth



Byrsonima spicata (Cav.) Kunth

Synonyms: Byrsonima spicata (Cav.) Nied., Byrsonima spicata Cav.
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1958: 602; Anderson, W. R., 1981: 95. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, rocky slopes, terra firme forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 2233 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Byrsonima stipulina J.F. Macbr.



Byrsonima stipulina J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 665: 870. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests on white sand, terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 1041* (US), Croat 20066 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Bystropogon andinus Britton ex Rusby


Bystropogon andinus Britton ex Rusby = Minthostachys andina (Britton ex Rusby) Epling

Reference: FP 1287: 745; Epling, C., 1936: 166. 


$


 Bystropogon canus Benth.


Bystropogon canus Benth. = Minthostachys tomentosa (Benth.) Epling

Reference: FP 1287: 748. 


$


 Bystropogon glabrescens Benth.


Bystropogon glabrescens Benth. = Minthostachys glabrescens (Bentham) Epling

Reference: FP 1287: 746; Epling, C., 1936: 165. 


$


 Bystropogon mandonianus Briq.


Bystropogon mandonianus Briq. = Minthostachys mandoniana (Briquet) Epling

Reference: FP 1287: 746; Epling, C., 1936: 167. 


$


 Bystropogon mollis Kunth


Bystropogon mollis Kunth = Minthostachys mollis Griseb.

Reference: FP 1287: 748; Epling, C., 1936: 165. 
Note: nom. illeg.  


$


 Bystropogon pavonianus Briq.


Bystropogon pavonianus Briq. = Minthostachys tomentosa (Benth.) Epling

Reference: FP 1287: 748. 


$


 Bystropogon setosus Briq.


Bystropogon setosus Briq. = Minthostachys setosa (Briquet) Epling

Reference: FP 1287: 747; Epling, C., 1936: 166. 


$


 Bystropogon sidifolium L'H&eacute;r.


Bystropogon sidifolium L'H&eacute;r. = Hyptis sidifolia (L'H&eacute;r.) Briq.

Reference: FP 1287: 740; Epling, C., 1949: 278. 


$


 Bystropogon spicatus Benth.


Bystropogon spicatus Benth. = Minthostachys spicata (Bentham) Epling

Reference: FP 1287: 746; Epling, C., 1936: 165. 


$


 Bystropogon tomentosus Benth.


Bystropogon tomentosus Benth. = Minthostachys tomentosa (Benth.) Epling

Reference: FP 1287: 748; Epling, C., 1936: 165. 


$


 Byttneria aculeata (Jacq.) Jacq.



Byttneria aculeata (Jacq.) Jacq.

Synonyms: Byttneria aculeata Jacq., Byttneria aculeata Jacq., Byttneria aculeata Lam., Byttneria aculeata Mildbr., Byttneria aculeata Presl, Byttneria aculeata Ruiz & Pav., Byttneria aculeata Turcz., Byttneria aculeata Willdenow ex Schultes
Reference: Flora Peru: 1304: 634; Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1976: 126. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub, vine. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 4126 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Byttneria acuminata Willdenow ex Schultes


Byttneria acuminata Willdenow ex Schultes = Byttneria aculeata (Jacq.) Jacq.

Reference: FP 1304: 635; Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1976: 127. 


$


 Byttneria amazonica Poepp. ex K. Schum.


Byttneria amazonica Poepp. ex K. Schum. = Byttneria catalpaefolia Jacq. subsp. catalpaefolia 

Reference: Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1976: 351. 
Note: nom. nud.  


$


 Byttneria ancistrodonta Mildbr.



Byttneria ancistrodonta Mildbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1304: 636; Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1976: 82. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub, vine. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Tessmann 5294* (B photo F!), V&aacute;squez 2288 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto.


$


 Byttneria asplundii Crist&oacute;bal



Byttneria asplundii Crist&oacute;bal

Reference: Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1976: 114. 
Ecology. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 10882 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Byttneria asterotricha Mildbr.



Byttneria asterotricha Mildbr.

Reference: Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1976: 377. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub. Amazonian: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry 43327 (MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios.


$


 Byttneria attenuatifolia Cristobal



Byttneria attenuatifolia Cristobal

Reference: Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1976: 389. 
Ecology: Endemic liana, vine. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 567* (US), Revilla 654 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Byttneria aurantiaca Mildbr.



Byttneria aurantiaca Mildbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1304: 636; Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1976: 105. 
Ecology: Native shrub, vine. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Tessmann 5292* (B photo F!), V&aacute;squez 329 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Byttneria benensis Britton



Byttneria benensis Britton

Synonyms: Byttneria benensis Britton
Reference: Flora Peru: 1304: 636; Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1976: 361. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: N&uacute;&ntilde;ez 5685 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Madre de Dios.


$


 Byttneria boliviana Britton


Byttneria boliviana Britton = Byttneria benensis Britton

Reference: FP 1304: 637; Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1976: 361. 


$


 Byttneria carthagenensis Jacq.


Byttneria carthagenensis Jacq. = Byttneria aculeata (Jacq.) Jacq.

Reference: FP 1304: 634; Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1976: 126. 


$


 Byttneria catalpaefolia Jacq.



Byttneria catalpaefolia Jacq.

$


 Byttneria catalpaefolia Jacq. subsp.catalpaefolia



Byttneria catalpaefolia Jacq. subsp. catalpaefolia 

Synonyms: Byttneria catalpaefolia catalpaefolia Poepp. ex K. Schum.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1304: 637; Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1976: 351. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub. Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, riversides. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: van der Werff 8642 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Byttneria corchorifolia Turcz.


Byttneria corchorifolia Turcz. = Byttneria parviflora Benth.

Reference: FP 1304: 638. 


$


 Byttneria cordata Lam.



Byttneria cordata Lam.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1304: 638; Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1976: 165. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Dombey 679* (P photo F!), Cerrate 4314 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Ica, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Pasco, Piura.


$


 Byttneria coriacea Britton



Byttneria coriacea Britton

Synonyms: Byttneria coriacea Schumann & Ulbrich
Reference: Flora Peru: 1304: 638; Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1976: 197. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub, vine. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, riversides, seasonally inundated areas, swamps. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gr&aacute;ndez 584 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Ucayali.


$


 Byttneria corylifolia Kunth ex Schult.



Byttneria corylifolia Kunth ex Schult.

Reference: Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1976: 162. 
Ecology: Native shrub. . 
Voucher: Mathews 2127 (K)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Byttneria dielsii Mildbr.


Byttneria dielsii Mildbr. = Byttneria glabrescens Benth.

Reference: FP 1304: 640; Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1976: 153. 


$


 Byttneria discolor Benth.


Byttneria discolor Benth. = Byttneria fulva Poepp.

Reference: FP 1304: 639; Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1976: 374. 


$


 Byttneria divaricata Benth.



Byttneria divaricata Benth.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1304: 639; Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1976: 69. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Byttneria eriogona Mildbr.


Byttneria eriogona Mildbr. = Byttneria parviflora Benth.

Reference: FP 1304: 640; Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1976: 168. 


$


 Byttneria fulva Poepp.



Byttneria fulva Poepp.

Synonyms: Byttneria fulva Benth.
Reference: Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1976: 374. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub, vine. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez 4836 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Byttneria glabrescens Benth.



Byttneria glabrescens Benth.

Synonyms: Byttneria glabrescens Mildbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1304: 640; Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1976: 153. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub. Andean I: forests. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & D&iacute;az 58253 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cuzco, La Libertad, Piura, Tumbes.


$


 Byttneria hirsuta Ruiz & Pav.



Byttneria hirsuta Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Byttneria hirsuta (Ruiz & Pav.) Rusby
Reference: Flora Peru: 1304: 641; Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1976: 187. 
Ecology: Native shrub, treelet, vine. Andean II: disturbed areas, dry valleys, forests, riversides, shrublands. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: 	Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Boeke 2083 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Pasco.


$


 Byttneria lateralis Presl


Byttneria lateralis Presl = Byttneria aculeata (Jacq.) Jacq.

Reference: FP 1304: 634; Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1976: 127. 


$


 Byttneria lopez-mirandae Cristobal



Byttneria lopez-mirandae Cristobal

Reference: Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1976: 159. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: rocky slopes. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: L&oacute;pez et al. 2195* (CTES), Stein 4025 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, La Libertad, Piura.


$


 Byttneria melantha Martius ex K. Schum.



Byttneria melantha Martius ex K. Schum.

Reference: Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1976: 75. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: D&iacute;az 4 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Byttneria myriantha Schumann & Ulbrich


Byttneria myriantha Schumann & Ulbrich = Byttneria coriacea Britton

Reference: FP 1304: 641; Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1976: 197. 


$


 Byttneria ovata Lam.



Byttneria ovata Lam.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1304: 642; Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1976: 172. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, rocky slopes, shrublands. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Jussieu s.n.* (photo F!), Smith 6084 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, La Libertad.


$


 Byttneria parviflora Benth.



Byttneria parviflora Benth.

Synonyms: Byttneria parviflora Mildbr., Byttneria parviflora Turcz.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1304: 642; Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1976: 168. 
Ecology. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison et al. 3454 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Tumbes.


$


 Byttneria peruviana Turcz.


Byttneria peruviana Turcz. = Byttneria aculeata (Jacq.) Jacq.

Reference: FP 1304: 642; Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1976: 127. 


$


 Byttneria pescapraeifolia Britton



Byttneria pescapraeifolia Britton

Reference: Flora Peru: 1304: 643; Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1976: 371. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Young 127 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Madre de Dios.


$


 Byttneria rhamnifolia Benth.



Byttneria rhamnifolia Benth.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1304: 643; Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1976: 200. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Byttneria schunkei C. L. Cristobal



Byttneria schunkei C. L. Cristobal

Reference: Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1985: 125. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 6606* (CTES), Schunke 4567 (US!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Byttneria sulcata Ruiz & Pav.


Byttneria sulcata Ruiz & Pav. = Byttneria aculeata (Jacq.) Jacq.

Reference: FP 1304: 638. 


$


 Byttneria tereticaulis Lam.


Byttneria tereticaulis Lam. = Byttneria aculeata (Jacq.) Jacq.

Reference: FP 1304: 644; Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1976: 126. 


$


 Byttneria tessmannii Mildbr.


Byttneria tessmannii Mildbr. = Byttneria aculeata (Jacq.) Jacq.

Reference: FP 1304: 644; Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1976: 128. 


$


 Byttneria uaupensis Spruce ex Schumann



Byttneria uaupensis Spruce ex Schumann

Reference: Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1976: 386. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Revilla 3689 (CTES!, MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Byttneria urosepala Mildbr.



Byttneria urosepala Mildbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1304: 644; Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1976: 206. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, vine. Amazonian: disturbed areas, rocky slopes, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Raimondi 12487* (USM photo MO!), Ayala 548 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Loreto.


$


 Byttneria vargasii C. L. Cristobal



Byttneria vargasii C. L. Cristobal

Reference: Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1976: 151. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, dry valleys, riversides, rocky slopes. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: 	Vargas 9736* (MO!), Vargas 9771 (F)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho, Cuzco.


$


 Byttneria weberbaueri Mildbr.



Byttneria weberbaueri Mildbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1304: 645; Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1976: 175. 
Ecology: Endemic liana. Andean II: disturbed areas, riversides. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4219* (F), Smith 3072 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Pasco.


$


 Caballeria dentata Ruiz & Pav.


Caballeria dentata Ruiz & Pav. = Geissanthus dentatus (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 1335: 187. 


$


 Caballeria dependens Ruiz & Pav.


Caballeria dependens Ruiz & Pav. = Myrsine dependens (Ruiz & Pav.) Spreng.

Reference: FP 1335: 167; Pipoly III, J. J., 1992: 8. 


$


 Caballeria ferruginea Ruiz & Pav.


Caballeria ferruginea Ruiz & Pav. = Myrsine coriacea (Sw.) R. Br. ex Roem. & Schult.

Reference: FP 1335: 168; Pipoly III, J. J., 1992: 8. 


$


 Caballeria latifolia Ruiz & Pav.


Caballeria latifolia Ruiz & Pav. = Myrsine latifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Sprengel

Reference: FP 1335: 170. 


$


 Caballeria magnifolia Pavon ex DC.


Caballeria magnifolia Pavon ex DC. = Myrsine latifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Sprengel

Reference: Mez, C., 1902: 387. 


$


 Caballeria myrtifolia Ruiz & Pav.


Caballeria myrtifolia Ruiz & Pav. = Myrsine dependens (Ruiz & Pav.) Spreng.

Reference: FP 1335: 167. 


$


 Caballeria oblonga Ruiz & Pav.


Caballeria oblonga Ruiz & Pav. = Myrsine manglilla (Lam.) R. Br.

Reference: FP 1335: 171. 


$


 Caballeria pellucida Ruiz & Pav.


Caballeria pellucida Ruiz & Pav. = Myrsine pellucida (Ruiz & Pav.) Spreng.

Reference: FP 1335: 173; Pipoly III, J. J., 1992: 8. 


$


 Caballeria venosissima Ruiz & Pav.


Caballeria venosissima Ruiz & Pav. = Gentlea propinqua (Kunth) Lundell

Reference: FP 1335: 186. 


$


 Cabomba aquatica Aubl.



Cabomba aquatica Aubl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1269: 639. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   Orgaard (1991) does not indicate a Peruvian distribution for this species. The Flora of Peru voucher, KIllip & Smith 29282 from Loreto, was not cited.  McDaniel (pers. comm.) indicates that he has not observed any species of Cabomba in Loreto. 


$


 Cabomba furcata Schult. & Schult. f.



Cabomba furcata Schult. & Schult. f.

Synonyms: Cabomba furcata Gardner
Reference: Olgaard, M., 1991: 196. 
Ecology: Native aquatic herb. Amazonian: floating, seasonally inundated areas, submerged. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Barbour 4885 (MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios.


$


 Cabomba piauhyensis Gardner


Cabomba piauhyensis Gardner = Cabomba furcata Schult. & Schult. f.

Reference: Olgaard, M., 1991: 196. 


$


 Cabralea canjerana (Vell.) Mart. subsp.canjerana



Cabralea canjerana (Vell.) Mart. subsp. canjerana 

Synonyms: Cabralea canjerana canjerana C. DC., Cabralea canjerana canjerana Vell.
Reference: Pennington, T. D., B. T. Styles & D. A. H. Taylor, 1981: 235. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 4527 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Cabralea canjerana (Vell.) Mart.



Cabralea canjerana (Vell.) Mart.

$


 Cabralea insignis C. DC.


Cabralea insignis C. DC. = Ruagea insignis (C. DC.) T.D. Penn.

Reference: Pennington, T. D., B. T. Styles & D. A. H. Taylor, 1981: 249. 


$


 Cabralea poeppigii C. DC.


Cabralea poeppigii C. DC. = Cabralea canjerana (Vell.) Mart. subsp. canjerana 

Reference: FP 663: 776; Pennington, T. D., B. T. Styles & D. A. H. Taylor, 1981: 237. 


$


 Cabralea weberbaueri Harms


Cabralea weberbaueri Harms = Ruagea glabra Triana & Planch.

Reference: FP 663: 757; Pennington, T. D., B. T. Styles & D. A. H. Taylor, 1981: 243. 


$


 Cabrera chrysoblepharis Lag.


Cabrera chrysoblepharis Lag. = Axonopus chrysoblepharis (Lag.) Chase

Reference: Black, G. A., 1963: 161; Tovar, O., 1981: 108. 


$


 Cacabus flavus I.M. Johnst.


Cacabus flavus I.M. Johnst. = Exodeconus flavus (I.M. Johnst.) Axelius & D'Arcy

Reference: FP 1349: 24; Axelius, B. & W. G. D'Arcy, 1993: 14. 


$


 Cacabus inflatus (R. & P.) Miers


Cacabus inflatus (R. & P.) Miers = Nolana inflata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1288: 842. 


$


 Cacabus maritimus (Benth.) Benth. & Hook. f.


Cacabus maritimus (Benth.) Benth. & Hook. f. = Exodeconus maritimus (Benth.) D'Arcy

Reference: FP 1349: 24. 


$


 Cacabus miersii (Hook. f.) Wettst.


Cacabus miersii (Hook. f.) Wettst. = Exodeconus miersii (Hook. f.) D'Arcy

Reference: Hunziker, pers. comm.. 
Note: NN  


$


 Cacabus multiflorus Dammer


Cacabus multiflorus Dammer = Exodeconus maritimus (Benth.) D'Arcy

Reference: FP 1349: 24. 


$


 Cacabus nolanoides Miers


Cacabus nolanoides Miers = Exodeconus prostratus (L'Heritier) Raf.

Reference: FP 1349: 24. 


$


 Cacabus parviflorus Rusby


Cacabus parviflorus Rusby = Physalis viscosa L.

Reference: FP 1349: 23. 


$


 Cacabus prostratus (L'Heritier) Bernh.


Cacabus prostratus (L'Heritier) Bernh. = Exodeconus prostratus (L'Heritier) Raf.

Reference: FP 1349: 24. 


$


 Cacabus pusillus Bitter


Cacabus pusillus Bitter = Exodeconus pusillus (Bitter) Axelius, ined.

Reference: FP 1349: 26. 


$


 Cacalia argyropappa (Buek) Kuntze


Cacalia argyropappa (Buek) Kuntze = Vernonia salzmannii DC.

Reference: FP 1416: 46. 


$


 Cacalia aschenborniana (Schauer) Kuntze


Cacalia aschenborniana (Schauer) Kuntze = Vernonia patens Kunth

Reference: FP 1416: 35. 


$


 Cacalia baccharoides (H.B.K.) Kuntze


Cacalia baccharoides (H.B.K.) Kuntze = Vernonia patens Kunth

Reference: FP 1416: 35. 


$


 Cacalia brachiata (Benth.) Kuntze


Cacalia brachiata (Benth.) Kuntze = Vernonia brachiata Benth. ex Oerst.

Reference: FP 1416: 41. 


$


 Cacalia bullata (Benth.) Kuntze


Cacalia bullata (Benth.) Kuntze = Vernonia canescens Kunth

Reference: FP 1416: 44. 


$


 Cacalia canescens (Benth.) Kuntze


Cacalia canescens (Benth.) Kuntze = Vernonia canescens Kunth

Reference: FP 1416: 44. 


$


 Cacalia cordifolia L.f.


Cacalia cordifolia L.f. = Mikania cordifolia (L.f.) Willd.

Reference: FP 1418: 17; King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 490. 


$


 Cacalia ferruginea (Less.) Kuntze


Cacalia ferruginea (Less.) Kuntze = Vernonia ferruginea Less.

Reference: FP 1416: 33. 


$


 Cacalia gracilis (H.B.K.) Kuntze


Cacalia gracilis (H.B.K.) Kuntze = Vernonia gracilis Kunth

Reference: FP 1416: 31. 


$


 Cacalia haenkeana (DC.) Kuntze


Cacalia haenkeana (DC.) Kuntze = Vernonia patens Kunth

Reference: FP 1416: 35. 


$


 Cacalia involucrata Kunth


Cacalia involucrata Kunth = Lasiocephalus involucratus (Kunth) Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1978: 310. 


$


 Cacalia lanceolaris (DC.) Kuntze


Cacalia lanceolaris (DC.) Kuntze = Vernonia patens Kunth

Reference: FP 1416: 35. 


$


 Cacalia laurifolia (DC.) Kuntze


Cacalia laurifolia (DC.) Kuntze = Vernonia laurifolia DC.

Reference: FP 1416: 32. 


$


 Cacalia mikaniaefolia DC.


Cacalia mikaniaefolia DC. = Paracalia jungioides (Hook. & Arn.) Cuatrec.

$


 Cacalia mollis (H.B.K.) Kuntze


Cacalia mollis (H.B.K.) Kuntze = Vernonia canescens Kunth

Reference: FP 1416: 44. 


$


 Cacalia moritziana (Schultz-Bip.) Kuntze


Cacalia moritziana (Schultz-Bip.) Kuntze = Vernonia gracilis Kunth

Reference: FP 1416: 31. 


$


 Cacalia myriocephala (DC.) Kuntze


Cacalia myriocephala (DC.) Kuntze = Vernonia myriocephala DC.

Reference: FP 1416: 43. 


$


 Cacalia patens (H.B.K.) Kuntze


Cacalia patens (H.B.K.) Kuntze = Vernonia patens Kunth

Reference: FP 1416: 35. 


$


 Cacalia salzmannii (DC.) Kuntze


Cacalia salzmannii (DC.) Kuntze = Vernonia salzmannii DC.

Reference: FP 1416: 46. 


$


 Cacalia scorpioides (Lam.) Kuntze


Cacalia scorpioides (Lam.) Kuntze = Vernonia scorpioides (Lam.) Pers.

Reference: FP 1416: 39. 


$


 Cacalia sordidopapposa (Hieron.) Kuntze


Cacalia sordidopapposa (Hieron.) Kuntze = Vernonia sordidopapposa Hieron.

Reference: FP 1416: 32. 


$


 Cacalia suaveolens (H.B.K.) Kuntze


Cacalia suaveolens (H.B.K.) Kuntze = Vernonia patens Kunth

Reference: FP 1416: 35. 


$


 Cacalia ternata Vell.


Cacalia ternata Vell. = Mikania ternata (Vell.) B. Robinson

Reference: FP 1418: 51; King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 491. 


$


 Cacalia tournefortioides (H.B.K.) Kuntze


Cacalia tournefortioides (H.B.K.) Kuntze = Vernonia scorpioides (Lam.) Pers.

Reference: FP 1416: 39. 


$


 Cacao sylvestris Aubl.


Cacao sylvestris Aubl. = Theobroma subincanum Mart.

Reference: FP 1304: 659; Cuatrecasas, J., 1964: 563. 


$


 Cacara tuberosa (Lam.) Britton


Cacara tuberosa (Lam.) Britton = Pachyrhizus tuberosus (Lam.) Spreng.

Reference: Duke, J. A., 1981: 184; Sorensen, M., 1988: 185. 


$


 Cacosmia rugosa Kunth



Cacosmia rugosa Kunth

$


 Cacosmia rugosa Kunth var.rugosa



Cacosmia rugosa Kunth var. rugosa 

Reference: Robinson, H., 1976: 47. 
Ecology. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 23136 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Piura, La Libertad.


$


 Cacosmia rugosa var.kingii H. Rob.



Cacosmia rugosa var. kingii H. Rob.

Reference: Robinson, H., 1976: 48. 
Ecology. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Fosberg 27777* (F!), Weberbauer 6304 (US)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Cacosmia rugosa var.nivea Hieron.



Cacosmia rugosa var. nivea Hieron.

Reference: Hieronymus, G., 1901: 619. 
Ecology. 1500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Dillon & Turner 1669 (F!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Cacoucia coccinea Aubl.


Cacoucia coccinea Aubl. = Combretum cacoucia Exell

Reference: FP 759: 224; Exell, A. W., 1953: 124. 
Note: NN  


$


 Cactus aureus Meyen


Cactus aureus Meyen = Corryocactus aureus (Meyen) Hutchison

Reference: Buxbaum, F., 1963: 9; Ritter, F., 1981: 1279. 


$


 Cactus brasiliensis (A. Berger) Willd.


Cactus brasiliensis (A. Berger) Willd. = Opuntia brasiliensis (Willd.) Haw.

Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1919: 209. 


$


 Cactus chlorocarpus Kunth


Cactus chlorocarpus Kunth = Browningia chlorocarpa (Kunth) W.T. Marshall

Reference: Rauh, W., 1958: 326; Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1920: 224; Marshall, W. T. & T. M. Bock, 1945: 114. 


$


 Cactus cylindricus Lam.


Cactus cylindricus Lam. = Opuntia cylindrica (Lam.) DC.

Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1919: 77; Madsen, J. E., 1989: 48. 


$


 Cactus ficus-indica L.


Cactus ficus-indica L. = Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) J.S. Mill.

Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1919: 177. 


$


 Cactus horridus Kunth


Cactus horridus Kunth = Pereskia horrida DC.

Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1919: 21; Leuenberger, B. E., 1986: 67. 


$


 Cactus humboldtii Kunth


Cactus humboldtii Kunth = Cleistocactus icosagonus (Kunth) A. Weber

Reference: Madsen, J. E., 1989: 16. 


$


 Cactus icosagonus Kunth


Cactus icosagonus Kunth = Cleistocactus icosagonus (Kunth) A. Weber

Reference: Weber, A., 1904: 34; Madsen, J. E., 1989: 16. 


$


 Cactus laetus Kunth


Cactus laetus Kunth = Armatocereus laetus (Kunth) Backeb. ex A.W. Hill

Reference: Backeberg, C. & F. M. Knuth, 1935: 176; Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1920: 99; Ritter, F., 1981: 1275. 


$


 Cactus lanatus Kunth


Cactus lanatus Kunth = Espostoa lanata (Kunth) Britton & Rose

Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1920: 61; Rauh, W., 1958: 521; Ritter, F., 1981: 1437. 


$


 Cactus micrantha Kunth


Cactus micrantha Kunth = Rhipsalis micrantha (Kunth) DC.

Reference: Barthlott, W., 1974: 647; Ritter, F., 1981: 1261; Ritter, F., 1981: 1261. 


$


 Cactus multangularis Willd.


Cactus multangularis Willd. = Haageocereus multangularis (Haw.) F. Ritter

Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1923: 279. 


$


 Cactus nanus Kunth


Cactus nanus Kunth = Opuntia pubescens Wendland ex Pfeiffer

Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1919: 217; Madsen, J. E., 1989: 53. 


$


 Cactus peruvianus L.



Cactus peruvianus L.

Reference: Hunt, D., 1992: 98. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Hunt (1992) indicates that this name was incorrectly equated with Neoraimondia by Ritter (1981: 1267).  Kiesling (1982: 445) transferred this taxon to Stenocereus; Hunt (1992: 132) indicated that this taxon should actually be treated as a synonym of Cereus repandus. 


$


 Cactus phyllanthus L.


Cactus phyllanthus L. = Epiphyllum phyllanthus (L.) Haw. var. phyllanthus 

Reference: Kimnach, M., 1964: 113; Madsen, J. E., 1989: 31. 


$


 Cactus pubescens (Wendland ex Pfeiffer) Lem.


Cactus pubescens (Wendland ex Pfeiffer) Lem. = Opuntia pubescens Wendland ex Pfeiffer

Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1919: 101; Madsen, J. E., 1989: 53. 


$


 Cactus sepium Kunth


Cactus sepium Kunth = Cleistocactus sepium (Kunth) A. Weber

Reference: Weber, A., 1904: 36; Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1920: 160. 


$


 Cactus serpens Kunth


Cactus serpens Kunth = Cleistocactus serpens (Kunth) A. Weber

Reference: Weber, A., 1904: 39; Ritter, F., 1981: 1387. 


$


 Cactus townsendii Britton & Rose


Cactus townsendii Britton & Rose = Melocactus peruvianus Vaupel

Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1922: 234; Taylor, N. P., 1991: 66. 


$


 Cactus tunicatus Lehmann


Cactus tunicatus Lehmann = Opuntia tunicata (Lehmann) Link & Otto

Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1919: 65; Madsen, J. E., 1989: 60. 


$


 Cactus villosus Monv.


Cactus villosus Monv. = Neoporteria villosa (Monv.) A. Berger

Reference: Ritter, F., 1980: 1032. 


$


 Caesalpinia ancashiana Ulibarri



Caesalpinia ancashiana Ulibarri

Reference: Ulibarri, E. A., 1990: 231. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, rocky slopes, shrublands. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Gomez 94* (USM), S&aacute;nchez 990 (SI)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca.


$


 Caesalpinia andreana Micheli


Caesalpinia andreana Micheli = Caesalpinia cassioides Willd.

Reference: FP 21: 191. 


$


 Caesalpinia bicolor C.H. Wright


Caesalpinia bicolor C.H. Wright = Caesalpinia cassioides Willd.

Reference: FP 21: 191; Isely, D., 1975: 36. 


$


 Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb.



Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb.

Synonyms: Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Fleming, Caesalpinia bonduc L., Caesalpinia bonduc L., Caesalpinia bonduc L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 190; Isely, D., 1975: 35; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 37. 
Ecology: Cultivated liana, shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Foster & Terborgh 6373 (F, USM)
Departments: Lima, Madre de Dios, Tumbes.


$


 Caesalpinia bonducella (L.) Fleming


Caesalpinia bonducella (L.) Fleming = Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb.

Reference: FP 21: 190; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 37. 


$


 Caesalpinia cassioides var. pardoana (Harms) J.F. Macbr.


Caesalpinia cassioides var. pardoana (Harms) J.F. Macbr. = Caesalpinia cassioides Willd.

Reference: FP 21: 190; Lewis, pers. comm.. 


$


 Caesalpinia cassioides Willd.



Caesalpinia cassioides Willd.

Synonyms: Caesalpinia cassioides (Harms) J.F. Macbr., Caesalpinia cassioides (Kunth) Sprengel, Caesalpinia cassioides C.H. Wright, Caesalpinia cassioides Harms, Caesalpinia cassioides Kunth, Caesalpinia cassioides Micheli
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 191. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I-II: forests. 500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 3601 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Caesalpinia chicamana Killip & J.F. Macbr.



Caesalpinia chicamana Killip & J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 191. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Coastal: dry valleys, rocky slopes. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Smyth 74* (US)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Caesalpinia corymbosa Benth.


Caesalpinia corymbosa Benth. = Caesalpinia paipai Ruiz & Pav. var. paipai 

Reference: FP 21: 193. 


$


 Caesalpinia crista L.


Caesalpinia crista L. = Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb.

Reference: FP 21: 190; Cowan, R. S., 1971: 600; Isely, D., 1975: 35. 
Note: Make author here "auct. non L."  


$


 Caesalpinia decapetala (Roth) Alston in R. Trimen



Caesalpinia decapetala (Roth) Alston in R. Trimen

$


 Caesalpinia decapetala (Roth) Alston in R. Trimen var.decapetala



Caesalpinia decapetala (Roth) Alston in R. Trimen var. decapetala 

Synonyms: Caesalpinia decapetala decapetala (Roth) O. Deg., Caesalpinia decapetala decapetala (Roxb.) Todaro, Caesalpinia decapetala decapetala Roth, Caesalpinia decapetala decapetala Roxb.
Reference: Isely, D., 1975: 38, 193. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I, Coastal: disturbed areas, riversides. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Smith & Le&oacute;n 1341A (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Caesalpinia egena (J.F. Macbr.) J.F. Macbr.


Caesalpinia egena (J.F. Macbr.) J.F. Macbr. = Hoffmannseggia viscosa var. egena J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 21: 192; Lewis, pers. comm.. 


$


 Caesalpinia gilliesii (Wallich ex Hook.) Benth.


Caesalpinia gilliesii (Wallich ex Hook.) Benth. = Caesalpinia gilliesii (Wallich ex Hook.) Dietrich

Reference: Isely, D., 1975: 40, 193. 


$


 Caesalpinia gilliesii (Wallich ex Hook.) Dietrich



Caesalpinia gilliesii (Wallich ex Hook.) Dietrich

Synonyms: Caesalpinia gilliesii (Wallich ex Hook.) Benth., Caesalpinia gilliesii (Wallich ex Hook.) Klotzsch, Caesalpinia gilliesii Wallich ex Hook.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 192; 445: 40, 193. 
Ecology: Cultivated shrub. Region uncertain: disturbed areas. . 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   No voucher collection seen although reported as cultivated in Peru by the Flora of Peru. 


$


 Caesalpinia glabrata Kunth


Caesalpinia glabrata Kunth = Caesalpinia paipai Ruiz & Pav. var. paipai 

Reference: FP 21: 193. 


$


 Caesalpinia insignis (Kunth) Sprengel


Caesalpinia insignis (Kunth) Sprengel = Caesalpinia cassioides Willd.

Reference: FP 21: 191. 


$


 Caesalpinia miranda (Sandwith) J.F. Macbr.


Caesalpinia miranda (Sandwith) J.F. Macbr. = Hoffmannseggia miranda Sandwith

Reference: FP 21: 193; Ulibarri, E. A., 1987: 234. 


$


 Caesalpinia paipai Ruiz & Pav.



Caesalpinia paipai Ruiz & Pav.

$


 Caesalpinia paipai Ruiz & Pav. var.paipai



Caesalpinia paipai Ruiz & Pav. var. paipai 

Synonyms: Caesalpinia paipai paipai (Benth.) Britton & Killip, Caesalpinia paipai paipai Benth., Caesalpinia paipai paipai Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 193; Lewis, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree, treelet. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: dry valleys, lomas. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Timan&aacute; 328 (K)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, Lima, La Libertad, Loreto, Piura, Tumbes.


$


 Caesalpinia paipai var.pubens J.F. Macbr.



Caesalpinia paipai var. pubens J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 193. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Coastal: dry valleys, rocky slopes. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 5994* (F)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Caesalpinia pardoana Harms


Caesalpinia pardoana Harms = Caesalpinia cassioides Willd.

Reference: FP 21: 191; Lewis, pers. comm.. 


$


 Caesalpinia pectinata Cav.


Caesalpinia pectinata Cav. = Caesalpinia spinosa (Molina) Kuntze

Reference: FP 21: 195; Carrillo, F. E., 1974: 61; Isely, D., 1975: 47. 


$


 Caesalpinia praecox Ruiz & Pav.


Caesalpinia praecox Ruiz & Pav. = Cercidium praecox (Ruiz & Pav.) Harms subsp. praecox 

Reference: FP 21: 187; Burkart, A. & A. Carter, 1976: 308. 


$


 Caesalpinia prostrata (Lagerh. ex DC.) J.F. Macbr.


Caesalpinia prostrata (Lagerh. ex DC.) J.F. Macbr. = Hoffmannseggia prostrata Lagerh. ex DC.

Reference: FP 21: 194; Lewis, pers. comm.. 


$


 Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw.



Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw.

Synonyms: Caesalpinia pulcherrima L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 194; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 40. 
Ecology: Cultivated shrub. Amazonian, Andean I, Coastal: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & Smith 44959 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Lima, La Libertad, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Piura, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes.


$


 Caesalpinia sepiaria Roxb.


Caesalpinia sepiaria Roxb. = Caesalpinia decapetala (Roth) Alston in R. Trimen var. decapetala 

Reference: FP 21: 195; Isely, D., 1975: 38. 


$


 Caesalpinia spinosa (Molina) Kuntze



Caesalpinia spinosa (Molina) Kuntze

Synonyms: Caesalpinia spinosa (Kunth) Benth. ex Reiche, Caesalpinia spinosa (Molina) Britton & Rose, Caesalpinia spinosa Cav., Caesalpinia spinosa Kunth, Caesalpinia spinosa Molina, Caesalpinia spinosa Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 195; Carrillo, F. E., 1974: 61; Isely, D., 1975: 47; Lewis, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Andean I-II, Coastal: lomas, shrublands. 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 23350 (K, MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Ica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Madre de Dios, Piura, Tacna.


$


 Caesalpinia stipulata (Sandwith) J.F. Macbr.


Caesalpinia stipulata (Sandwith) J.F. Macbr. = Hoffmannseggia stipulata Sandwith

Reference: FP 21: 196; Ulibarri, E. A., 1987: 234. 


$


 Caesalpinia tara Ruiz & Pav.


Caesalpinia tara Ruiz & Pav. = Caesalpinia spinosa (Molina) Kuntze

Reference: FP 21: 195; Carrillo, F. E., 1974: 61. 


$


 Caesalpinia ternata (Philippi) J.F. Macbr.


Caesalpinia ternata (Philippi) J.F. Macbr. = Hoffmannseggia ternata Philippi

Reference: FP 21: 196; Lewis, pers. comm.. 


$


 Caesalpinia tinctoria (Kunth) Benth. ex Reiche


Caesalpinia tinctoria (Kunth) Benth. ex Reiche = Caesalpinia spinosa (Molina) Kuntze

Reference: FP 21: 195; Lewis, pers. comm.. 


$


 Caesalpinia trichocarpa Griseb.



Caesalpinia trichocarpa Griseb.

Reference: Burkart, A., 1952: 174; Ulibarri, E. A., 1987: 231. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 14616 (USM)
Departments: Ancash.


$


 Caesalpinia viscosa (Ruiz & Pav.) J.F. Macbr.


Caesalpinia viscosa (Ruiz & Pav.) J.F. Macbr. = Hoffmannseggia viscosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Hook. & Arn. var. viscosa 

Reference: FP 21: 197. 


$


 Caesia spinosa Vell.


Caesia spinosa Vell. = Cormonema spinosum (Vell.) Reiss.

Reference: FP 1299: 400; Johnston, M. C., 1971: 51. 
Note: NN  


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 Caesulia radicans Willd.


Caesulia radicans Willd. = Enydra radicans (Willd.) Lack

Reference: Lack, H. W., 1980: 6. 


$


 Caiophora absinthiifolia C. Presl


Caiophora absinthiifolia C. Presl = Caiophora coronata (Gillies ex Arnott) Hook. & Arn.

$


 Caiophora aequatoriana Urb. & Gilg



Caiophora aequatoriana Urb. & Gilg

Reference: Flora Peru: 742: 169. 
Ecology. 3500-4000 m. 
Note: Spelled "aequatoreana" in the Flora of Peru. Stuebel 35A is also cited in the Flora of Peru under C. buraeavi. 
Voucher: Raimondi s.n.* (B), Stuebel 35a (B)
Departments: Ancash, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Caiophora andina Urb. & Gilg



Caiophora andina Urb. & Gilg

Reference: Flora Peru: 742: 170. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Caiophora buraeavi Urb. & Gilg



Caiophora buraeavi Urb. & Gilg

$


 Caiophora canarinoides (Lenn&eacute; & K. Koch) Urb. & Gilg



Caiophora canarinoides (Lenn&eacute; & K. Koch) Urb. & Gilg

Synonyms: Caiophora canarinoides (Lenne & C. Koch) Britton, Caiophora canarinoides Lenn&eacute; & C. Koch
Reference: Flora Peru: 742: 171. 
Ecology. 3000-3500 m. 
Note: M. Poston (1990) uses spelling "Caiophora" and does not include parenthetical authors. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 862 
Departments: Puno.


$



$


 Caiophora carduifolia C. Presl



Caiophora carduifolia C. Presl

Reference: Flora Peru: 742: 171. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. . 
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* 
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Caiophora chuquitensis (Meyen) Urb. & Gilg



Caiophora chuquitensis (Meyen) Urb. & Gilg

Synonyms: Caiophora chuquitensis Meyen
Reference: Flora Peru: 742: 171. 
Ecology: Native herb. . 
Voucher: Meyen s.n.* (B)
Departments: Ayacucho, Puno.


$


 Caiophora cinerea Urb. & Gilg



Caiophora cinerea Urb. & Gilg

Reference: Flora Peru: 742: 172. 
Ecology: Native herb. . 
Voucher: D'Orbigny 287* (W photo MO!)


$


 Caiophora cirsiifolia C. Presl



Caiophora cirsiifolia C. Presl

Synonyms: Caiophora cirsiifolia Urb. & Gilg, Caiophora cirsiifolia Wedd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 742: 172. 
Ecology. 3500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 5222 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Puno.


$



$


 Caiophora contorta (Desrousseaux) C. Presl



Caiophora contorta (Desrousseaux) C. Presl

Synonyms: Caiophora contorta Desr., Caiophora contorta Ruiz & Pav. ex E.A. L&oacute;pez, Caiophora contorta Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don, Caiophora contorta Urb. & Gilg
Reference: Flora Peru: 742: 172. 
Ecology. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (P), Poston 230 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lima.


$


 Caiophora coronata (Gillies ex Arnott) Hook. & Arn.



Caiophora coronata (Gillies ex Arnott) Hook. & Arn.

Synonyms: Caiophora coronata C. Presl, Caiophora coronata Gillies ex Arn., Caiophora coronata Meyen
Reference: Flora Peru: 742: 173. 
Ecology. 4000-4500 m. 
Note: As Cajophora coronata Hooker & Arnott in the Flora of Peru. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 2600 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco, Moquegua, Puno.


$


 Caiophora cymbifera Urb. & Gilg



Caiophora cymbifera Urb. & Gilg

Reference: Flora Peru: 742: 173. 
Ecology: Native herb. . 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   Urban & Gilg list type as "Lobb s.n. Columbia (K)"; the Flora of Peru states: "Peru (?)". 
Voucher: Lobb s.n.* (K)


$


 Caiophora heptamera (Weddell) Urb. & Gilg



Caiophora heptamera (Weddell) Urb. & Gilg

Synonyms: Caiophora heptamera Wedd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 742: 174. 
Note: Not reconfirmed. ; not Loasa heptamera Britton.  OP;  


$


 Caiophora horrida (Britton) Urb. & Gilg



Caiophora horrida (Britton) Urb. & Gilg

Synonyms: Caiophora horrida Britton, Caiophora horrida Britton
Reference: Flora Peru: 742: 174. 
Ecology. 3500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 3314 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco.


$


 Caiophora lechleri Urb. & Gilg


Caiophora lechleri Urb. & Gilg = Caiophora cirsiifolia C. Presl

Reference: FP 742: 172. 


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 Caiophora macrantha Killip



Caiophora macrantha Killip

Reference: Flora Peru: 742: 175. 
Ecology. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 4468* (F)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Caiophora madrequisa Killip



Caiophora madrequisa Killip

Reference: Flora Peru: 742: 175. 
Ecology. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Cook & Gilbert 294* (US), Vargas 2252 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Caiophora mandoniana Urb. & Gilg



Caiophora mandoniana Urb. & Gilg

Reference: Flora Peru: 742: 176. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


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 Caiophora pachylepis Urb. & Gilg



Caiophora pachylepis Urb. & Gilg

Reference: Flora Peru: 742: 176. 
Ecology: Native vine. . 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   
Voucher: Castlenau s.n.* (K)


$


 Caiophora pauciseta Killip



Caiophora pauciseta Killip

Reference: Flora Peru: 742: 176. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: rocky slopes. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Kalenborn 48* (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Caiophora pavonii Urb. & Gilg


Caiophora pavonii Urb. & Gilg = Caiophora pterosperma (G. Don) Urb. & Gilg

$


 Caiophora pentlandii (Paxton) G. Don ex Loudon



Caiophora pentlandii (Paxton) G. Don ex Loudon

Synonyms: Caiophora pentlandii Pax.
Reference: Flora Peru: 742: 177. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Solomon 3059 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Puno.


$


 Caiophora preslii Urb. & Gilg


Caiophora preslii Urb. & Gilg = Caiophora contorta (Desrousseaux) C. Presl

Reference: FP 742: 172. 


$


 Caiophora pterosperma (G. Don) Urb. & Gilg



Caiophora pterosperma (G. Don) Urb. & Gilg

Synonyms: Caiophora pterosperma G. Don, Caiophora pterosperma Ruiz & Pav. ex A. L&ouml;pez, Caiophora pterosperma Urb. & Gilg
Reference: Flora Peru: 742: 177. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA photo MO!), Woytkowski 6676 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Caiophora rosulata (Weddell) Urb. & Gilg



Caiophora rosulata (Weddell) Urb. & Gilg

Synonyms: Caiophora rosulata Wedd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 742: 178. 
Ecology. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Weddell s.n.* , Pennell 13320 
Departments: Arequipa, Moquegua, Tacna.


$


 Caiophora scarlatina Urb. & Gilg



Caiophora scarlatina Urb. & Gilg

Reference: Flora Peru: 742: 178. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean II: rocky slopes. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 392* (B photo MO!), Pennell 13262 
Departments: Puno.


$


 Caiophora sepiaria (G. Don) J.F. Macbr.



Caiophora sepiaria (G. Don) J.F. Macbr.

Synonyms: Caiophora sepiaria Ruiz & Pav., Caiophora sepiaria Ruiz & Pav. ex A. L&ouml;pez, Caiophora sepiaria Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don
Reference: Flora Peru: 742: 178. 
Ecology. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* , Smith & V&aacute;squez 3446 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad, Tacna.


$


 Caiophora serropetala J.F. Macbr.



Caiophora serropetala J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 742: 179. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. . 
Voucher: Woytkowski 39* 
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Caiophora smithii Killip



Caiophora smithii Killip

Reference: Flora Peru: 742: 180. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 24419* 
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Caiophora sphaerocarpa Urb. & Gilg



Caiophora sphaerocarpa Urb. & Gilg

Reference: Flora Peru: 742: 180. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


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 Caiophora stenocarpa Urb. & Gilg



Caiophora stenocarpa Urb. & Gilg

Reference: Flora Peru: 742: 180. 
Ecology. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Maclean s.n.* , Vargas 9275 (MO!)
Departments: Tacna.


$


 Caiophora superba R. A. Phil.



Caiophora superba R. A. Phil.

Synonyms: Caiophora superba Wedd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 742: 181. 
Ecology. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7468 (B)
Departments: Moquegua.


$


 Caiophora tenuis Killip



Caiophora tenuis Killip

Reference: Flora Peru: 742: 181. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 3560* (F)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Caiophora vargasii Standl. & F.A. Barkley



Caiophora vargasii Standl. & F.A. Barkley

Reference: Standley, P. C. & F. A. Barkley , 1947: 81. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 2392* (F!), Vargas 2657 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Cajanus bicolor DC.


Cajanus bicolor DC. = Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.

Reference: FP 21: 339; Van der Maesen, L. J. G., 1986: 70. 


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 Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.



Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.

Synonyms: Cajanus cajan DC., Cajanus cajan L., Cajanus cajan Sprengel
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 339; Duke, J. A., 1981: 33; Van der Maesen, L. J. G., 1986: 65. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas. 0-1500 m. 
Note: Treated in the Flora of Peru as a synonym of C. bicolor.  
Voucher: Hart 633 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, Lima, Loreto, Piura, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cajanus indicus Sprengel


Cajanus indicus Sprengel = Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.

Reference: FP 21: 339; Duke, J. A., 1981: 33; Van der Maesen, L. J. G., 1986: 68. 


$


 Calacinum chilense (Meisn.) J.F. Macbr.


Calacinum chilense (Meisn.) J.F. Macbr. = Muehlenbeckia hastulata (Smith) I.M. Johnst.

Reference: FP 1251: 454. 


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 Calacinum fruticulosum (Walp.) J.F. Macbr.


Calacinum fruticulosum (Walp.) J.F. Macbr. = Muehlenbeckia fruticulosa (Walp.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1251: 453. 


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 Calacinum hastulatum (Smith) J.F. Macbr.


Calacinum hastulatum (Smith) J.F. Macbr. = Muehlenbeckia hastulata (Smith) I.M. Johnst.

Reference: FP 1251: 454. 


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 Calacinum leptobotrys (Meisner) J.F. Macbr.


Calacinum leptobotrys (Meisner) J.F. Macbr. = Muehlenbeckia tamnifolia (Kunth) Meisn.

Reference: FP 1251: 455. 


$


 Calacinum peruvianum (Meisner) J.F. Macbr.


Calacinum peruvianum (Meisner) J.F. Macbr. = Muehlenbeckia tamnifolia (Kunth) Meisn.

Reference: FP 1251: 455. 


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 Calacinum tamnifolium (Kunth) J.F. Macbr.


Calacinum tamnifolium (Kunth) J.F. Macbr. = Muehlenbeckia tamnifolia (Kunth) Meisn.

Reference: FP 1251: 455. 


$


 Calacinum tiliifolium (Wedd.) J.F. Macbr.


Calacinum tiliifolium (Wedd.) J.F. Macbr. = Muehlenbeckia tiliifolia Wedd. var. tiliifolia 

Reference: FP 1251: 456. 


$


 Calacinum volcanicum (Benth.) J.F. Macbr.


Calacinum volcanicum (Benth.) J.F. Macbr. = Muehlenbeckia volcanica (Benth.) Endl.

Reference: FP 1251: 456; Brandbyge, J., 1989: 28. 


$


 Caladium bicolor (Aiton) Vent.



Caladium bicolor (Aiton) Vent.

Synonyms: Caladium bicolor Aiton
Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 483; Madison, M. T., 1981: 370; Croat, T. B. & N. Lambert, 1986: 59. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: N&uacute;&ntilde;ez 6212 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco.


$


 Caladium fragrantissimum Hook.


Caladium fragrantissimum Hook. = Philodendron fragrantissimum (Hook.) G. Don

$


 Caladium humboldtii Schott



Caladium humboldtii Schott

Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 483; Croat, T. B. & N. Lambert, 1986: 62. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Caladium picturatum K. Koch & Bouche



Caladium picturatum K. Koch & Bouche

Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 483; Bunting, G., 1979: 192; Croat, T. B. & N. Lambert, 1986: 62. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 2286 (W)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Caladium pubescens N.E. Br.


Caladium pubescens N.E. Br. = Xanthosoma pubescens Poepp.

Reference: FP 853: 484; Madison, M. T., 1981: 361. 


$


 Calamagrostis agapatea Steud. ex Lechler


Calamagrostis agapatea Steud. ex Lechler = Calamagrostis humboldtiana Steud.

Reference: FP 719: 158. 


$


 Calamagrostis alba (J. Presl) Steud.



Calamagrostis alba (J. Presl) Steud.

Synonyms: Calamagrostis alba (D&ouml;ll) Parodi, Calamagrostis alba D&ouml;ll, Calamagrostis alba J. Presl
Reference: Tovar, O., 1960: 23. 
Ecology: Native herb. . 
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (PR)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Calamagrostis amoena (Pilg.) Pilg.



Calamagrostis amoena (Pilg.) Pilg.

Synonyms: Calamagrostis amoena (Wedd.) Pilg., Calamagrostis amoena Pilg., Calamagrostis amoena Wedd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 155; Tovar, O., 1960: 67. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: rocky slopes. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 541 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Puno.


$


 Calamagrostis ampliflora Tovar



Calamagrostis ampliflora Tovar

Reference: Tovar, O., 1960: 16. 
Ecology. 4000-4500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Hitchcock 22327* (US)
Departments: Pasco.


$


 Calamagrostis anomala Steud. ex Lechler


Calamagrostis anomala Steud. ex Lechler = Nassella pubiflora (Trin. & Rupr.) Desv.

Reference: FP 719: 176. 


$


 Calamagrostis antoniana (Griseb.) Steud. ex Hitchc.



Calamagrostis antoniana (Griseb.) Steud. ex Hitchc.

Synonyms: Calamagrostis antoniana (Griseb.) Parodi, Calamagrostis antoniana Griseb., Calamagrostis antoniana Pilg., Calamagrostis antoniana Steud. ex Lechler
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 155; Tovar, O., 1960: 46. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 2500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 7184 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Puno.


$


 Calamagrostis antoniana Steud. ex Lechler


Calamagrostis antoniana Steud. ex Lechler = Calamagrostis antoniana (Griseb.) Steud. ex Hitchc.

Reference: FP 719: 155; Tovar, O., 1960: 46. 


$


 Calamagrostis armata (D&ouml;ll) Parodi


Calamagrostis armata (D&ouml;ll) Parodi = Calamagrostis alba (J. Presl) Steud.

Reference: Tovar, O., 1960: 23. 


$


 Calamagrostis arundinacea (L.) Roth


Calamagrostis arundinacea (L.) Roth = Calamagrostis haenkeana Hitchc.

Reference: FP 719: 157. 


$


 Calamagrostis beyrichiana Nees ex D&ouml;ll


Calamagrostis beyrichiana Nees ex D&ouml;ll = Calamagrostis longearistata (Wedd.) Hack. ex Sodiro

Reference: FP 719: 155; Tovar, O., 1960: 22. 


$


 Calamagrostis breviaristata (Wedd.) Pilg.



Calamagrostis breviaristata (Wedd.) Pilg.

Synonyms: Calamagrostis breviaristata (Philippi) Kuntze, Calamagrostis breviaristata Philippi, Calamagrostis breviaristata Wedd.
Reference: Tovar, O., 1960: 27. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 3500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Weddell 3* (P), Weberbauer 6898 
Departments: Arequipa, Tacna.


$


 Calamagrostis brevifolia (J. Presl) Steud.



Calamagrostis brevifolia (J. Presl) Steud.

Synonyms: Calamagrostis brevifolia J. Presl
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 155; Tovar, O., 1960: 32. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: disturbed areas, grasslands, rocky slopes. 4000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (PR), Tovar 6508 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Pasco.


$


 Calamagrostis cabrerae Parodi



Calamagrostis cabrerae Parodi

Synonyms: Calamagrostis cabrerae (Parodi) Parodi
Reference: Tovar, O., 1986: 50. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7317 (US!)
Departments: Moquegua.


$


 Calamagrostis caespitosa Scribn.


Calamagrostis caespitosa Scribn. = Calamagrostis preslii (J. Presl) Hitchc.

Reference: FP 719: 160; Tovar, O., 1960: 48. 


$


 Calamagrostis cajatambensis Pilg.


Calamagrostis cajatambensis Pilg. = Calamagrostis rigescens (J. Presl) Scribn.

Reference: FP 719: 160; Tovar, O., 1960: 49. 


$


 Calamagrostis calvescens Pilg.


Calamagrostis calvescens Pilg. = Calamagrostis heterophylla (Wedd.) Pilg.

Reference: FP 719: 157; Tovar, O., 1960: 53; Tovar, O., 1986: 50. 


$


 Calamagrostis cephalantha Pilg.



Calamagrostis cephalantha Pilg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 156; Tovar, O., 1960: 33. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands, rocky slopes.  > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 1003* (B)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Pasco, Puno.


$


 Calamagrostis chrysantha (J. Presl) Steud.



Calamagrostis chrysantha (J. Presl) Steud.

Synonyms: Calamagrostis chrysantha (Desv.) Kuntze, Calamagrostis chrysantha (J. Presl) Mez, Calamagrostis chrysantha J. Presl, Calamagrostis chrysantha Steud. ex Lechler
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 156; Tovar, O., 1960: 17. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: bogs, grasslands, rocky slopes. 4000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (PR), Tovar 2530 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Puno.


$


 Calamagrostis chrysostachya (Desv.) Kuntze


Calamagrostis chrysostachya (Desv.) Kuntze = Calamagrostis chrysantha (J. Presl) Steud.

Reference: Tovar, O., 1960: 18. 


$


 Calamagrostis coarctata (Kunth) Steud.



Calamagrostis coarctata (Kunth) Steud.

Synonyms: Calamagrostis coarctata Kunth
Reference: Tovar, O., 1960: 61. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands. 3500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Smith et al. 9236 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Calamagrostis coronalis Tovar



Calamagrostis coronalis Tovar

Reference: Tovar, O., 1984: 6. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands. 4000- > 4500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Tovar 2860* (US, USM!)
Departments: Huancavelica.


$


 Calamagrostis curvula (Wedd.) Pilg.



Calamagrostis curvula (Wedd.) Pilg.

Synonyms: Calamagrostis curvula Wedd.
Reference: Tovar, O., 1960: 29. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands. 4000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison & Tovar 4264 (US!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Lima, Moquegua, Puno.


$


 Calamagrostis cuzcoensis Tovar



Calamagrostis cuzcoensis Tovar

Reference: Tovar, O., 1985: 12. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: grasslands. 4000-4500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Tovar & Rivas 8905* (US, USM!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Calamagrostis densiflora (J. Presl) Steud.



Calamagrostis densiflora (J. Presl) Steud.

Synonyms: Calamagrostis densiflora J. Presl
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 156; Tovar, O., 1960: 37. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 4000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (PR), Smith  8264 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Calamagrostis eminens (J. Presl) Steud.



Calamagrostis eminens (J. Presl) Steud.

Synonyms: Calamagrostis eminens (J. Presl) Mez, Calamagrostis eminens J. Presl, Calamagrostis eminens Wedd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 156; Tovar, O., 1960: 12. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: bogs, riversides. 3500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (PR), Tovar 860 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad, Pasco, Puno.


$


 Calamagrostis filifolia (Wedd.) Pilg.


Calamagrostis filifolia (Wedd.) Pilg. = Calamagrostis amoena (Pilg.) Pilg.

Reference: Tovar, O., 1960: 70. 


$


 Calamagrostis fuscata (J. Presl) Steud.



Calamagrostis fuscata (J. Presl) Steud.

Synonyms: Calamagrostis fuscata J. Presl
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 157; Tovar, O., 1960: 74. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands, riversides. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (PR), Macbride 3364 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco, Puno.


$


 Calamagrostis glacialis (Wedd.) Hitchc.



Calamagrostis glacialis (Wedd.) Hitchc.

Synonyms: Calamagrostis glacialis Wedd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 157; Tovar, O., 1960: 40. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands, riversides. 4000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Davis et al. 1566 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Calamagrostis haenkeana Hitchc.



Calamagrostis haenkeana Hitchc.

Synonyms: Calamagrostis haenkeana (L.) Roth, Calamagrostis haenkeana J. Presl
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 157. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (PR)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Calamagrostis heterophylla (Wedd.) Pilg.



Calamagrostis heterophylla (Wedd.) Pilg.

Synonyms: Calamagrostis heterophylla Ball, Calamagrostis heterophylla Pilg., Calamagrostis heterophylla Pilg., Calamagrostis heterophylla Pilg., Calamagrostis heterophylla Steud. ex Lechler, Calamagrostis heterophylla Wedd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 157; Tovar, O., 1960: 53. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands, riversides. 3000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 417* (P), Tovar 2496 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Pasco, Puno.


$


 Calamagrostis heterophylla var. pubescens Pilg.


Calamagrostis heterophylla var. pubescens Pilg. = Calamagrostis heterophylla (Wedd.) Pilg.

Reference: FP 719: 157; Tovar, O., 1960: 53. 


$


 Calamagrostis heterophylla var. robustior Pilg.


Calamagrostis heterophylla var. robustior Pilg. = Calamagrostis heterophylla (Wedd.) Pilg.

Reference: FP 719: 157; Tovar, O., 1960: 53. 


$


 Calamagrostis humboldtiana Steud.



Calamagrostis humboldtiana Steud.

Synonyms: Calamagrostis humboldtiana (J. Presl) Steud., Calamagrostis humboldtiana J. Presl, Calamagrostis humboldtiana Kunth, Calamagrostis humboldtiana Steud. ex Lechler
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 158. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands. 3000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Sullivan et al. 1023 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Pasco, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Calamagrostis intermedia (J. Presl) Steud.


Calamagrostis intermedia (J. Presl) Steud. = Calamagrostis humboldtiana Steud.

Reference: FP 719: 158; Tovar, O., 1960: 43. 


$


 Calamagrostis jamesonii Steud.



Calamagrostis jamesonii Steud.

Synonyms: Calamagrostis jamesonii (Pilg.) Pilg., Calamagrostis jamesonii Pilg.
Reference: Tovar, O., 1960: 28. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: rocky slopes. 3500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison & Tovar 4264 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Huancavelica, Lima, Puno.


$


 Calamagrostis ligulata (Kunth) Hitchc.



Calamagrostis ligulata (Kunth) Hitchc.

Synonyms: Calamagrostis ligulata Kunth, Calamagrostis ligulata Pilg.
Reference: Tovar, O., 1960: 13. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 3000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Hitchcock 22250 (US)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco, Puno.


$


 Calamagrostis longearistata (Wedd.) Hack. ex Sodiro



Calamagrostis longearistata (Wedd.) Hack. ex Sodiro

Synonyms: Calamagrostis longearistata Hack., Calamagrostis longearistata Nees ex D&ouml;ll, Calamagrostis longearistata Trin., Calamagrostis longearistata Wedd.
Reference: Tovar, O., 1960: 22. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, grasslands. 1000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Smith 4093 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad, Pasco.


$


 Calamagrostis macbridei Tovar



Calamagrostis macbridei Tovar

Reference: Tovar, O., 1960: 62. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: rocky slopes. 4000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 998* (US)
Departments: Ancash, Pasco.


$


 Calamagrostis macrophylla (Pilg.) Pilg.



Calamagrostis macrophylla (Pilg.) Pilg.

Synonyms: Calamagrostis macrophylla Pilg.
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 158; Tovar, O., 1960: 75. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands, riversides. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Boeke 1911 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad, Puno.


$


 Calamagrostis minima (Pilg.) Tovar



Calamagrostis minima (Pilg.) Tovar

Synonyms: Calamagrostis minima Pilg.
Reference: Tovar, O., 1960: 52. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands. 4000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 953* (B), Tovar 3219 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Pasco, Puno.


$


 Calamagrostis mollis Pilg.



Calamagrostis mollis Pilg.

Reference: Tovar, O., 1986: 51. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands. 3500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Tovar 2835 (US)
Departments: Huancavelica.


$


 Calamagrostis montevidensis Nees



Calamagrostis montevidensis Nees

Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 159. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Often misapplied to C. longearistata (Davidse, pers. comm.).   


$


 Calamagrostis montevidensis var. armata D&ouml;ll


Calamagrostis montevidensis var. armata D&ouml;ll = Calamagrostis alba (J. Presl) Steud.

Reference: Tovar, O., 1960: 23. 


$


 Calamagrostis montevidensis var. linearis Hack.


Calamagrostis montevidensis var. linearis Hack. = Calamagrostis longearistata (Wedd.) Hack. ex Sodiro

Reference: Tovar, O., 1960: 22. 


$


 Calamagrostis mutica Steud. ex Lechler


Calamagrostis mutica Steud. ex Lechler = Calamagrostis chrysantha (J. Presl) Steud.

Reference: FP 719: 156. 


$


 Calamagrostis nitidula Pilg.


Calamagrostis nitidula Pilg. = Calamagrostis rigida (Kunth) Trin. ex Steud.

Reference: FP 719: 160; Tovar, O., 1960: 41. 


$


 Calamagrostis nitidula var. elata Pilg.


Calamagrostis nitidula var. elata Pilg. = Calamagrostis rigida (Kunth) Trin. ex Steud.

Reference: FP 719: 160. 


$


 Calamagrostis nitidula var. macrantha Pilg.


Calamagrostis nitidula var. macrantha Pilg. = Calamagrostis rigida (Kunth) Trin. ex Steud.

Reference: FP 719: 160. 


$


 Calamagrostis ovata (J. Presl) Steud.



Calamagrostis ovata (J. Presl) Steud.

Synonyms: Calamagrostis ovata (J. Presl) Mez, Calamagrostis ovata J. Presl
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 159; Tovar, O., 1960: 19. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: disturbed areas, grasslands, rocky slopes. 4000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (PR), Peyton & Peyton 111 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco, Puno.


$


 Calamagrostis pallens (J. Presl) Steud.


Calamagrostis pallens (J. Presl) Steud. = Calamagrostis recta (Kunth) Trin. ex Steud.

Reference: FP 719: 160; Tovar, O., 1960: 79. 


$


 Calamagrostis planifolia (Kunth) Trin. ex Steud.



Calamagrostis planifolia (Kunth) Trin. ex Steud.

Synonyms: Calamagrostis planifolia Kunth
Reference: Hitchcock, A. S., 1927: 368. 
Ecology: Native herb. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland s.n.* (P)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Calamagrostis podophora Pilg.


Calamagrostis podophora Pilg. = Calamagrostis ligulata (Kunth) Hitchc.

Reference: FP 719: 159; Tovar, O., 1960: 13. 


$


 Calamagrostis preslii (J. Presl) Hitchc.



Calamagrostis preslii (J. Presl) Hitchc.

Synonyms: Calamagrostis preslii J. Presl, Calamagrostis preslii Kunth, Calamagrostis preslii Kuntze, Calamagrostis preslii Nees & Meyen, Calamagrostis preslii Scribn.
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 159; Tovar, O., 1960: 48. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 2000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (PR), Dillon et al. 3364 (MO!)
Departments: Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Moquegua, Pasco.


$


 Calamagrostis pungens Tovar



Calamagrostis pungens Tovar

Reference: Tovar, O., 1960: 61. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: grasslands. 3500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Salaverry 106* (US)
Departments: Huancavelica.


$


 Calamagrostis rauhii Tovar



Calamagrostis rauhii Tovar

Reference: Tovar, O., 1960: 78. 
Ecology. 4000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Rauh & Hirsch P-1724* (US), Rauh & Hirsch P-1723 (US!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Calamagrostis recta (Kunth) Trin. ex Steud.



Calamagrostis recta (Kunth) Trin. ex Steud.

Synonyms: Calamagrostis recta (J. Presl) Steud., Calamagrostis recta J. Presl, Calamagrostis recta Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 160; Tovar, O., 1960: 79. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands, riversides, shrublands. 2000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 5283 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Puno.


$


 Calamagrostis rigescens (J. Presl) Scribn.



Calamagrostis rigescens (J. Presl) Scribn.

Synonyms: Calamagrostis rigescens (J. Presl) Nees & Meyen, Calamagrostis rigescens J. Presl, Calamagrostis rigescens Meyen ex Nees, Calamagrostis rigescens Nees, Calamagrostis rigescens Nees & Meyen ex Nees, Calamagrostis rigescens Pilg., Calamagrostis rigescens Trin.
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 160; Tovar, O., 1960: 48. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands, riversides, swamps. 3500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (PR), Gentry 21661 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Pasco, Puno.


$


 Calamagrostis rigida (Kunth) Trin. ex Steud.



Calamagrostis rigida (Kunth) Trin. ex Steud.

Synonyms: Calamagrostis rigida Kunth, Calamagrostis rigida Pilg., Calamagrostis rigida Pilg., Calamagrostis rigida Pilg.
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 160; Tovar, O., 1960: 42. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands. 3500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Smith et al. 5735 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Puno.


$


 Calamagrostis rupestris Trin.


Calamagrostis rupestris Trin. = Calamagrostis longearistata (Wedd.) Hack. ex Sodiro

Reference: Tovar, O., 1960: 22. 


$


 Calamagrostis sandiensis Pilg.


Calamagrostis sandiensis Pilg. = Calamagrostis antoniana (Griseb.) Steud. ex Hitchc.

Reference: FP 719: 155; Tovar, O., 1960: 47. 


$


 Calamagrostis spiciformis Hack. ex Stuck.



Calamagrostis spiciformis Hack. ex Stuck.

Reference: Tovar, O., 1960: 63. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands. 3000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Smith 8271 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Calamagrostis spicigera (J. Presl) Steud.



Calamagrostis spicigera (J. Presl) Steud.

Synonyms: Calamagrostis spicigera J. Presl
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 161; Tovar, O., 1960: 36. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: grasslands. 4000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (PR), Vargas 6578 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Calamagrostis stuebelii (Pilg.) Pilg.


Calamagrostis stuebelii (Pilg.) Pilg. = Calamagrostis jamesonii Steud.

Reference: Tovar, O., 1960: 28. 


$


 Calamagrostis swallenii Tovar



Calamagrostis swallenii Tovar

Reference: Tovar, O., 1960: 66. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 4000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Tovar 1168* (US), Smith & Cautivo 10286 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Huancavelica.


$


 Calamagrostis tarmensis Pilg.



Calamagrostis tarmensis Pilg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 161; Tovar, O., 1960: 71. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 2500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 2460* (MOL), Smith 8110 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad, Pasco.


$


 Calamagrostis tenuifolia Kunth


Calamagrostis tenuifolia Kunth = Muhlenbergia tenuifolia (Kunth) Kunth

Reference: Peterson, P. M. & C. R. Annable, 1991: 88. 


$


 Calamagrostis trichophylla Pilg.



Calamagrostis trichophylla Pilg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 161; Tovar, O., 1960: 71. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 3500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4873* (B), Peyton & Peyton 275 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Calamagrostis variegata (Philippi) Kuntze


Calamagrostis variegata (Philippi) Kuntze = Calamagrostis breviaristata (Wedd.) Pilg.

Reference: Tovar, O., 1960: 27. 


$


 Calamagrostis vicunarum (Wedd.) Pilg.



Calamagrostis vicunarum (Wedd.) Pilg.

Synonyms: Calamagrostis vicunarum Pilg., Calamagrostis vicunarum Pilg., Calamagrostis vicunarum Pilg., Calamagrostis vicunarum Pilg., Calamagrostis vicunarum Pilg., Calamagrostis vicunarum Wedd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 161; Tovar, O., 1960: 57. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 3000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Sullivan & Sullivan 814 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Pasco, Puno.


$


 Calamagrostis vicunarum var. abscondita Pilg.


Calamagrostis vicunarum var. abscondita Pilg. = Calamagrostis vicunarum (Wedd.) Pilg.

Reference: FP 719: 161; Tovar, O., 1960: 57. 


$


 Calamagrostis vicunarum var. elatior Pilg.


Calamagrostis vicunarum var. elatior Pilg. = Calamagrostis vicunarum (Wedd.) Pilg.

Reference: FP 719: 161; Tovar, O., 1960: 57. 


$


 Calamagrostis vicunarum var. humilior Pilg.


Calamagrostis vicunarum var. humilior Pilg. = Calamagrostis vicunarum (Wedd.) Pilg.

Reference: FP 719: 161; Tovar, O., 1960: 57. 


$


 Calamagrostis vicunarum var. minima Pilg.


Calamagrostis vicunarum var. minima Pilg. = Calamagrostis minima (Pilg.) Tovar

Reference: FP 719: 161. 


$


 Calamagrostis vicunarum var. setulosa Pilg.


Calamagrostis vicunarum var. setulosa Pilg. = Calamagrostis vicunarum (Wedd.) Pilg.

Reference: FP 719: 161; Tovar, O., 1960: 57. 


$


 Calamagrostis vicunarum var. tenuior Pilg.


Calamagrostis vicunarum var. tenuior Pilg. = Calamagrostis vicunarum (Wedd.) Pilg.

Reference: FP 719: 161; Tovar, O., 1960: 57. 


$


 Calamagrostis violacea (Wedd.) Hitchc.



Calamagrostis violacea (Wedd.) Hitchc.

Synonyms: Calamagrostis violacea Wedd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 162. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6898 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Moquegua, Puno.


$


 Calamagrostis weberbaueri Tovar



Calamagrostis weberbaueri Tovar

Reference: Tovar, O., 1984: 3. 
Ecology. 4000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6622* (US)
Departments: Ancash, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Calampelis scaber (Ruiz & Pav.) D. Don


Calampelis scaber (Ruiz & Pav.) D. Don = Eccremocarpus scaber Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1362: 99; Sandwith, N. Y., 1965: 407. 


$


 Calandrinia acaulis Kunth



Calandrinia acaulis Kunth

$


 Calandrinia acaulis var.acaulis



Calandrinia acaulis var. acaulis 

Reference: Flora Peru: 1263: 569; Franquemont, C., T. Plowman, E. Franquemont, S. R. King, C. Niezgoda, W. Davis & C. R. Sperling, 1990: 92. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 2500-4500 m. 
Note: According to D. Ford and M. Hershkovitz (pers. comm.), the application of this name by many authors has been incorrect. 
Voucher: Stein et al. 1997 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Ica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Pasco, Puno.


$


 Calandrinia acaulis var.magna J.F. Macbr.



Calandrinia acaulis var. magna J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1263: 569. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 606* (F), Killip & Smith 21648 (US)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Calandrinia adenosperma I.M. Johnst.


Calandrinia adenosperma I.M. Johnst. = Cistanthe paniculata (Ruiz & Pav.) Carolin ex Hershkovitz

Reference: FP 1263: 571; Hershkovitz, M. A., 1991: 216. 


$


 Calandrinia alba (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.



Calandrinia alba (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.

Synonyms: Calandrinia alba (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze, Calandrinia alba Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1263: 569; Franquemont, C., T. Plowman, E. Franquemont, S. R. King, C. Niezgoda, W. Davis & C. R. Sperling, 1990: 92. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I-III, Coastal: disturbed areas, grasslands, rocky slopes. 0-4000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Macbride 5908 (F)
Departments: Arequipa, Lima.


$


 Calandrinia calycina Philippi


Calandrinia calycina Philippi = Cistanthe calycina (Philippi) Carolin ex Hershkovitz

Reference: Hershkovitz, M. A., 1991: 220. 


$


 Calandrinia carolinii Hershkovitz & D. I. Ford



Calandrinia carolinii Hershkovitz & D. I. Ford

Synonyms: Calandrinia carolinii Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Ward, , 1983: 282. 
Ecology.  > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Pav&oacute;n 36* (P), Macbride 2981 (F)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Calandrinia caulescens Kunth


Calandrinia caulescens Kunth = Calandrinia ciliata (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.

Reference: FP 1263: 569; Mostacero, I., 1976: 7. 


$


 Calandrinia cerrateae Anon Suarez


Calandrinia cerrateae Anon Suarez = Montia fontana L.

Reference: A&ntilde;on Suarez de Cullen, D. C., 1957: 29; Ford & Hershkovitz, pers. comm.. 


$


 Calandrinia ciliata (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.



Calandrinia ciliata (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.

Synonyms: Calandrinia ciliata (Kunth) Sprengel, Calandrinia ciliata DC., Calandrinia ciliata Haw., Calandrinia ciliata Kunth, Calandrinia ciliata Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1263: 569; Mostacero, I., 1976: 7; Franquemont, C., T. Plowman, E. Franquemont, S. R. King, C. Niezgoda, W. Davis & C. R. Sperling, 1990: 92. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-III, Coastal: disturbed areas, grasslands, rocky slopes. 0-4500 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 13277 (F)
Departments: Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Arequipa, Cuzco, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Moquegua, Puno.


$


 Calandrinia crenata (Ruiz & Pav.) J.F. Macbr.


Calandrinia crenata (Ruiz & Pav.) J.F. Macbr. = Cistanthe paniculata (Ruiz & Pav.) Carolin ex Hershkovitz

Reference: FP 1263: 570; Hershkovitz, pers. comm.. 


$


 Calandrinia cumingii Hook. & Arn.


Calandrinia cumingii Hook. & Arn. = Montiopsis cumingii (Hook. & Arn.) Ford

Reference: Ford, pers. comm.. 


$


 Calandrinia lingulata (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.


Calandrinia lingulata (Ruiz & Pav.) DC. = Cistanthe lingulata (Ruiz & Pav.) Hershkovitz

Reference: FP 1263: 570. 


$


 Calandrinia linomimeta Diels



Calandrinia linomimeta Diels

Reference: Flora Peru: 1263: 570. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I: rocky slopes. 500-1000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   Hershkovitz (pers. comm.) believes this is probably Talinum polygaloides. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4788* (B)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Calandrinia pachypoda Diels



Calandrinia pachypoda Diels

$


 Calandrinia pachypoda Diels subsp. pachypoda


Calandrinia pachypoda Diels subsp. pachypoda = Talinum triangulare (Jacq.) Willd.

Reference: FP 1263: 571; Kelley, W. A. & J. R. Swanson, 1986: 173; Hershkovitz, M. A., 1991: 223. 


$


 Calandrinia paniculata (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.


Calandrinia paniculata (Ruiz & Pav.) DC. = Cistanthe paniculata (Ruiz & Pav.) Carolin ex Hershkovitz

Reference: FP 1263: 571; Hershkovitz, M. A., 1991: 216. 


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 Calandrinia phacosperma DC.


Calandrinia phacosperma DC. = Calandrinia ciliata (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.

Reference: FP 1263: 570; Mostacero, I., 1976: 9. 


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 Calandrinia quivensis J.F. Macbr.


Calandrinia quivensis J.F. Macbr. = Cistanthe lingulata (Ruiz & Pav.) Hershkovitz

Reference: FP 1263: 571; Hershkovitz, pers. comm.. 


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 Calandrinia ruizii J.F. Macbr.


Calandrinia ruizii J.F. Macbr. = Cistanthe paniculata (Ruiz & Pav.) Carolin ex Hershkovitz

Reference: FP 1263: 572; Hershkovitz, M. A., 1991: 216. 


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 Calandrinia weberbaueri Diels


Calandrinia weberbaueri Diels = Cistanthe weberbaueri (Diels) Carolin ex Hershkovitz

Reference: FP 1263: 572; Hershkovitz, M. A., 1991: 218. 


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 Calathea aberrans Huber


Calathea aberrans Huber = Calathea pachystachya (Poepp. & Endl.) Ahumada

Reference: FP 1205: 745; Kennedy, H., L. Andersson & M. Hagberg, 1988: 96. 


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 Calathea allouia (Aubl.) Lindl.



Calathea allouia (Aubl.) Lindl.

Synonyms: Calathea allouia Aubl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1205: 745; Kennedy, H., L. Andersson & M. Hagberg, 1988: 87. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Plowman et al. 6566 (F!)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Calathea altissima (Poepp. & Endl.) K&ouml;rn.



Calathea altissima (Poepp. & Endl.) K&ouml;rn.

Synonyms: Calathea altissima Poepp. & Endl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1205: 746; Kennedy, H., L. Andersson & M. Hagberg, 1988: 90. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: forests, riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 29767 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


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 Calathea attenuata Kennedy



Calathea attenuata Kennedy

Reference: Kennedy, H., L. Andersson & M. Hagberg, 1988: 123. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 823 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Calathea bambusacea Poepp. & Endl.


Calathea bambusacea Poepp. & Endl. = Ischnosiphon gracilis subsp. gracilis 

Reference: FP 1205: 757; Andersson, L., 1977: 65. 


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 Calathea capitata (Ruiz & Pav.) Lindl.



Calathea capitata (Ruiz & Pav.) Lindl.

Synonyms: Calathea capitata Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Kennedy, H., L. Andersson & M. Hagberg, 1988: 120. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Wasshausen & Encarnaci&oacute;n 613 (USM!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Loreto, Madre de Dios.


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 Calathea casupito (Jacq.) G.F.W. Mey.



Calathea casupito (Jacq.) G.F.W. Mey.

Synonyms: Calathea casupito Jacq.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1205: 746; Kennedy, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


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 Calathea chrysoleuca (Poepp. & Endl.) K&ouml;rn.



Calathea chrysoleuca (Poepp. & Endl.) K&ouml;rn.

Synonyms: Calathea chrysoleuca Poepp. & Endl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1205: 746; Kennedy, H., L. Andersson & M. Hagberg, 1988: 72. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests on white sand, terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 54619 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


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 Calathea comosa (L. f.) Lindl.



Calathea comosa (L. f.) Lindl.

Synonyms: Calathea comosa L. f.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1205: 746; Kennedy, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


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 Calathea contamanensis Huber



Calathea contamanensis Huber

Reference: Flora Peru: 1205: 747; Kennedy, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


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 Calathea contrafenestra H.A. Kenn.



Calathea contrafenestra H.A. Kenn.

Reference: Kennedy, H., L. Andersson & M. Hagberg, 1988: 108. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 39536 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Calathea crotalifera Watson



Calathea crotalifera Watson

Synonyms: Calathea crotalifera Petersen
Reference: Kennedy, H., L. Andersson & M. Hagberg, 1988: 25. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: cloud forests, disturbed areas. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 7249 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Calathea dicephala (Poepp. & Endl.) Ahumada



Calathea dicephala (Poepp. & Endl.) Ahumada

Synonyms: Calathea dicephala Poepp. & Endl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1205: 747. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: riversides, rocky slopes. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 1547* (W), Gentry 25617 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


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 Calathea enclitica J.F. Macbr.



Calathea enclitica J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1205: 747. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Williams 1955* , Gentry et al. 29100 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Calathea exscapa (Poepp. & Endl.) Ahumada



Calathea exscapa (Poepp. & Endl.) Ahumada

Synonyms: Calathea exscapa Poepp. & Endl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1205: 747; Kennedy, H., L. Andersson & M. Hagberg, 1988: 71. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: riversides. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 2332* (W), Kennedy et al. 3655 (F!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Calathea gigas Gagnep.


Calathea gigas Gagnep. = Calathea majestica (Linden) Kennedy

Reference: FP 1205: 748; Kennedy, pers. comm.. 


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 Calathea inocephala (Kuntze) H.A. Kenn. & Nicolson



Calathea inocephala (Kuntze) H.A. Kenn. & Nicolson

Synonyms: Calathea inocephala Kuntze
Reference: Kennedy, H., L. Andersson & M. Hagberg, 1988: 92. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 31392 (F!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto.


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 Calathea insignis Petersen


Calathea insignis Petersen = Calathea crotalifera Watson

Reference: FP 1205: 748; Kennedy, H., L. Andersson & M. Hagberg, 1988: 25. 


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 Calathea jocosa J.F. Macbr.



Calathea jocosa J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1205: 748. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   Based on a possible mixed collection with the leaf definitely C. wallisii (Kennedy, pers. comm.). 
Voucher: Williams 3986* (F)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Calathea klugii J.F. Macbr.


Calathea klugii J.F. Macbr. = Calathea micans (Mathieu) K&ouml;rn.

Reference: FP 1205: 748; Kennedy, H., L. Andersson & M. Hagberg, 1988: 131. 


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 Calathea laetevirens Huber



Calathea laetevirens Huber

Reference: Kennedy, H., L. Andersson & M. Hagberg, 1988: 73. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Huber s.n.* (MG)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Calathea lanata Petersen



Calathea lanata Petersen

Reference: Flora Peru: 1205: 749. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: riversides. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Berlin 878 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


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 Calathea lateralis (Ruiz & Pav.) Lindl.



Calathea lateralis (Ruiz & Pav.) Lindl.

Synonyms: Calathea lateralis (Ruiz & Pav.) Poepp. & Endl., Calathea lateralis Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1205: 749. 
Ecology. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Foster 4032 (F!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.


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 Calathea laxa Poepp. & Endl.


Calathea laxa Poepp. & Endl. = Monotagma laxum (Poepp. & Endl.) Schum.

Reference: FP 1205: 763. 


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 Calathea legrelliana (Linden) Regel



Calathea legrelliana (Linden) Regel

Reference: Flora Peru: 1205: 749. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


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 Calathea leucophaea Poepp. & Endl.


Calathea leucophaea Poepp. & Endl. = Ischnosiphon leucophaeus (Poepp. & Endl.) Ahumada subsp. leucophaeus 

Reference: FP 1205: 758; Andersson, L., 1977: 78. 


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 Calathea lindeniana Wallis & Andre



Calathea lindeniana Wallis & Andre

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 Calathea loeseneri J.F. Macbr.



Calathea loeseneri J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1205: 749; Kennedy, H., L. Andersson & M. Hagberg, 1988: 105. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Klug 940* (F!), Gentry et al. 24847 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios.


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 Calathea longipetiolata Kennedy



Calathea longipetiolata Kennedy

Reference: Kennedy, H., 1983: 1432. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Plowman 6000* (F!), Schunke 10943 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


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 Calathea lucianii (Linden) Cogniaux & Marchal



Calathea lucianii (Linden) Cogniaux & Marchal

Synonyms: Calathea lucianii Linden
Reference: Kennedy, H., 1982: 18. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Kennedy & Plowman 3654 (F)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Calathea lutea (Aubl.) Schult.



Calathea lutea (Aubl.) Schult.

Synonyms: Calathea lutea Aubl., Calathea lutea Jacq.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1205: 750; Kennedy, H., L. Andersson & M. Hagberg, 1988: 31. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Foster 3084 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


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 Calathea majestica (Linden) Kennedy



Calathea majestica (Linden) Kennedy

Synonyms: Calathea majestica Gagnep., Calathea majestica Linden
Reference: Kennedy, H., L. Andersson & M. Hagberg, 1988: 98. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 38106 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


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 Calathea micans (Mathieu) K&ouml;rn.



Calathea micans (Mathieu) K&ouml;rn.

Synonyms: Calathea micans J.F. Macbr., Calathea micans Mathieu
Reference: Flora Peru: 1205: 750; Kennedy, H., L. Andersson & M. Hagberg, 1988: 131. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Foster et al. 7825 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco.


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 Calathea microcephala (Poepp. & Endl.) K&ouml;rn.



Calathea microcephala (Poepp. & Endl.) K&ouml;rn.

Synonyms: Calathea microcephala Poepp. & Endl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1205: 750; Kennedy, H., L. Andersson & M. Hagberg, 1988: 127. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 45912 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.


$


 Calathea mishuyacu J.F. Macbr.



Calathea mishuyacu J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1205: 751; Kennedy, H., L. Andersson & M. Hagberg, 1988: 68. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 416* (F!), V&aacute;squez et al. 8954 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Calathea nodosa Rusby



Calathea nodosa Rusby

Reference: Flora Peru: 1205: 749; Kennedy, H., L. Andersson & M. Hagberg, 1988: 36; Kennedy, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Although treated as a synonym of C. lateralis by Kennedy et al. (1988), it is now believed to represent a distinct species (Kennedy, pers. comm.).  


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 Calathea pachystachya (Poepp. & Endl.) Ahumada



Calathea pachystachya (Poepp. & Endl.) Ahumada

Synonyms: Calathea pachystachya Huber, Calathea pachystachya Poepp. & Endl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1205: 751; Kennedy, H., L. Andersson & M. Hagberg, 1988: 96. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: forests. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (LE), Schunke 9674 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Calathea pacifica Linden & Andre



Calathea pacifica Linden & Andre

Reference: Flora Peru: 1205: 751. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Calathea parkeri Poepp. & Endl.


Calathea parkeri Poepp. & Endl. = Monotagma spicatum (Aubl.) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 1205: 764. 


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 Calathea pavonii K&ouml;rn.



Calathea pavonii K&ouml;rn.

Synonyms: Calathea pavonii Hook
Reference: Flora Peru: 1205: 751. 
Ecology. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 10787 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Calathea pearcei Rusby



Calathea pearcei Rusby

Reference: Rusby, H. H., 1896: 123. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Foster & Wachter 7272 (USM!)
Departments: Madre de Dios.


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 Calathea peruviana K&ouml;rn.



Calathea peruviana K&ouml;rn.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1205: 751. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. .. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Plowman 5867 (F!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Calathea poeppigiana Loes. ex H.A. Kenn.



Calathea poeppigiana Loes. ex H.A. Kenn.

Reference: Kennedy, H., L. Andersson & M. Hagberg, 1988: 77. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 27207 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


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 Calathea propinqua (Poepp. & Endl.) K&ouml;rn.



Calathea propinqua (Poepp. & Endl.) K&ouml;rn.

Synonyms: Calathea propinqua Poepp. & Endl.
Reference: Kennedy, H., L. Andersson & M. Hagberg, 1988: 66. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Wachter et al. 157 (USM!)
Departments: Cuzco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco.


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 Calathea pseudoveitchiana Kennedy



Calathea pseudoveitchiana Kennedy

Reference: Kennedy, H., 1983: 1429; Kennedy, H., 1985: 1891. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Kennedy 4044* (US), Plowman & Davis 5003-A (F!)
Departments: Cuzco.


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 Calathea roseopicta (Linden) Regel



Calathea roseopicta (Linden) Regel

Synonyms: Calathea roseopicta Linden
Reference: Flora Peru: 1205: 752. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 27118 (F!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Calathea rotundifolia Poepp. & Endl.


Calathea rotundifolia Poepp. & Endl. = Ischnosiphon rotundifolius (Poepp. & Endl.) Ahumada

Reference: FP 1205: 760; Andersson, L., 1977: 69. 


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 Calathea sanderiana (Sander) Gentil



Calathea sanderiana (Sander) Gentil

Synonyms: Calathea sanderiana Huber, Calathea sanderiana Sander
Reference: Kennedy, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Huber s.n. (MG)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


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 Calathea schunkei H.A. Kenn.



Calathea schunkei H.A. Kenn.

Reference: Kennedy, H., 1982: 18. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Kennedy & Plowman 3663* (GH), Schunke 4491 (F)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Calathea silvosa J.F. Macbr.



Calathea silvosa J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1205: 752. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 11* (F!), Plowman et al.  (F!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Calathea smaragdina Lindl.


Calathea smaragdina Lindl. = Monotagma smaragdinum (Lindl.) K. Schum. in Engl.

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 Calathea sophiae Huber



Calathea sophiae Huber

Reference: Flora Peru: 1205: 752. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Huber MG/3297* (F!), Foster et al. 9237 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco.


$


 Calathea standleyi J.F. Macbr.



Calathea standleyi J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1205: 753; Kennedy, H., L. Andersson & M. Hagberg, 1988: 74. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 26263* (F!), Foster et al. 9366 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.


$


 Calathea straminea Petersen



Calathea straminea Petersen

$


 Calathea tubispatha Hook


Calathea tubispatha Hook = Calathea pavonii K&ouml;rn.

Reference: FP 1205: 751. 


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 Calathea ucayalina Huber



Calathea ucayalina Huber

Reference: Flora Peru: 1205: 753. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


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 Calathea ulotricha J.F. Macbr.



Calathea ulotricha J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1205: 753. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Williams 4921* (F)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Calathea undulata Linden & Andre



Calathea undulata Linden & Andre

Reference: Flora Peru: 1205: 753. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Wallis s.n.* 
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Calathea ursina Standl.



Calathea ursina Standl.

Reference: Standley, P.C., 1940: 70. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 294* (F)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Calathea variegata Linden ex Ahumada



Calathea variegata Linden ex Ahumada

Reference: Kennedy, H., L. Andersson & M. Hagberg, 1988: 94. 
Ecology. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Huashikat 1300 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Jun&iacute;n.


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 Calathea veitchiana Hook.



Calathea veitchiana Hook.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1205: 753; Kennedy, H., L. Andersson & M. Hagberg, 1988: 106. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Reported by Kennedy et al. (1988) to be endemic to Ecuador. 


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 Calathea velutina (Poepp. & Endl.) Koern.



Calathea velutina (Poepp. & Endl.) Koern.

Synonyms: Calathea velutina Poepp. & Endl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1205: 754. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Kennedy & Plowman 3569 (USM!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Pasco.


$


 Calathea virginalis Linden



Calathea virginalis Linden

Reference: Flora Peru: 1205: 754. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


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 Calathea wallisi (Linden) Regel



Calathea wallisi (Linden) Regel

Synonyms: Calathea wallisi Linden
Reference: Flora Peru: 1205: 754. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Foster et al. 7852 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Pasco, Ucayali.


$


 Calathea williamsi J.F. Macbr.



Calathea williamsi J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1205: 754. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Williams 2541* (F!), Plowman et al. 6793 (USM!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Calathea zingiberina K&ouml;rn.



Calathea zingiberina K&ouml;rn.

Reference: Kennedy, H., L. Andersson & M. Hagberg, 1988: 102. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


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 Calatola columbiana Sleumer



Calatola columbiana Sleumer

Reference: Howard, R. A., 1942: 17. 
Ecology: Native tree. Andean II: forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Note: This species and Calatola venezuelana as identified in Peru may be the same species. There is also a small-fruited undescribed species. 
Voucher: Smith 1728 (MO!)
Departments: Pasco.


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 Calatola venezuelana Pittier



Calatola venezuelana Pittier

Reference: Flora Peru: 693: 223; Howard, R. A., 1942: 18. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Ancuash 209 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Calceolaria aequilateralis Edwin


Calceolaria aequilateralis Edwin = Calceolaria trilobata subsp. aequilateralis (Edwin) Molau

Reference: FP 1361: 554; Molau, U., 1988: 242. 


$


 Calceolaria ajugoides Kranzl.



Calceolaria ajugoides Kranzl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 555; Molau, U., 1988: 184. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: rocky slopes. 0-3500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 5765* (F), Straw 2340 (US, USM)
Departments: Arequipa, Ayacucho.


$


 Calceolaria alba Ruiz & Pav.



Calceolaria alba Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 555. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Calceolaria alternifolia Cav.


Calceolaria alternifolia Cav. = Calceolaria linearis Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1361: 556; Molau, U., 1988: 134. 


$


 Calceolaria altissima Kranzl.


Calceolaria altissima Kranzl. = Calceolaria inflexa Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1361: 601; Molau, U., 1988: 56. 


$



$


 Calceolaria anagalloides Kraenzl.


Calceolaria anagalloides Kraenzl. = Calceolaria dichotoma Lam.

Reference: FP 1361: 585; Molau, U., 1988: 282. 


$


 Calceolaria angustiflora Hook.


Calceolaria angustiflora Hook. = Calceolaria angustiflora Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1361: 649. 


$


 Calceolaria angustiflora Ruiz & Pav.



Calceolaria angustiflora Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Calceolaria angustiflora Cav., Calceolaria angustiflora Cav., Calceolaria angustiflora Hook., Calceolaria angustiflora Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 556; Molau, U., 1988: 182. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, subshrub. Andean I-II: shrublands. 1000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (F), Hutchison & Saravia 7099 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Lima, La Libertad, Moquegua.


$


 Calceolaria anisanthera Pennell



Calceolaria anisanthera Pennell

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 211. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: cloud forests, shrublands. 1500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 8150 (HUT, MO!)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Calceolaria annua Edwin



Calceolaria annua Edwin

Synonyms: Calceolaria annua Edwin
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 557; Molau, U., 1988: 249. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: rocky slopes, shrublands. 2000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Pennell & Ferreyra 15245* (US), Pennell 14409 (US)
Departments: Ancash, Lima.


$


 Calceolaria aperta Edwin



Calceolaria aperta Edwin

$


 Calceolaria aperta subsp.aperta



Calceolaria aperta subsp. aperta 

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 558; Molau, U., 1988: 195. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: shrublands. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 14642* (US), Cerrate & Ferreyra 8276 (USM)
Departments: Ancash, Lima.


$


 Calceolaria aperta subsp.incana (Molau) Molau



Calceolaria aperta subsp. incana (Molau) Molau

Synonyms: Calceolaria aperta incana Molau
Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 195. 
Ecology. 3000-3500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 10114 (GB, HUT)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Calceolaria apurimacensis Lopez Guillen


Calceolaria apurimacensis Lopez Guillen = Calceolaria chaetostemon Pennell

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 203. 


$


 Calceolaria arborescens Edwin


Calceolaria arborescens Edwin = Calceolaria viscosa Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1361: 559; Molau, U., 1988: 83. 


$


 Calceolaria arbuscula Molau



Calceolaria arbuscula Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 83. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: cloud forests. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Barbour 3432* (GB), Barbour 3147 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, La Libertad, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Calceolaria argentea Kunth



Calceolaria argentea Kunth

Synonyms: Calceolaria argentea Kranzl., Calceolaria argentea Lopez Guillen
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 560; Molau, U., 1988: 136. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: forests, rocky slopes. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Bonpland 3503* (P), Hutchison & Wright 5236 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Piura.


$


 Calceolaria atahualpae Kraenzl.



Calceolaria atahualpae Kraenzl.

$


 Calceolaria atahualpae subsp.atahualpae



Calceolaria atahualpae subsp. atahualpae 

Synonyms: Calceolaria atahualpae atahualpae Kranzl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 561; Molau, U., 1988: 53. 
Ecology: Native vine. Andean II-III: cloud forests. 1500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4964* (B destroyed, photo F), Vargas 774 (CUZ, MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cuzco, Huancavelica.


$


 Calceolaria atahualpae subsp.witasekiana (Kraenzl.) Molau



Calceolaria atahualpae subsp. witasekiana (Kraenzl.) Molau

Synonyms: Calceolaria atahualpae witasekiana Kraenzl., Calceolaria atahualpae witasekiana Kranzl.
Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 54. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean II-III: elfin forests, shrublands. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 5576* (F), Stork & Horton 10333 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Calceolaria aurea Pennell



Calceolaria aurea Pennell

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 561; Molau, U., 1988: 173. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: grasslands, shrublands. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 13772* (CUZ, US), Vargas 9407 (CUZ, MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco.


$


 Calceolaria ballotifolia Kranzl.



Calceolaria ballotifolia Kranzl.

Synonyms: Calceolaria ballotifolia Edwin, Calceolaria ballotifolia Edwin
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 562; Molau, U., 1988: 194. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: cloud forests, disturbed areas. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7036* (F, MOL!), Fosberg 28037 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, La Libertad.


$


 Calceolaria barbata Molau



Calceolaria barbata Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 132. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: rocky slopes, shrublands. 3000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Molau et al. 1707* (HUT), Edwin & Schunke 3631 (F, USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca.


$


 Calceolaria bartsiaefolia Wedd.



Calceolaria bartsiaefolia Wedd.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 563; Molau, U., 1988: 149. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Calceolaria bicolor Ruiz & Pav.



Calceolaria bicolor Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Calceolaria bicolor Edwin, Calceolaria bicolor Kraenzl., Calceolaria bicolor Kraenzl., Calceolaria bicolor Lindl., Calceolaria bicolor Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 563; Molau, U., 1988: 189. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean II-III: shrublands. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MO!), Pennell & Ferreyra 15242 (US)
Departments: Ancash, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lima, La Libertad, Pasco.


$


 Calceolaria bicrenata Ruiz & Pav.



Calceolaria bicrenata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 563; Molau, U., 1988: 186. 
Ecology: Endemic herb, subshrub, vine. Andean II-III: cloud forests, shrublands. 1500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n  s.n.* (F), Hutchison et al. 6199 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Pasco.


$


 Calceolaria bifida Willd. ex Link


Calceolaria bifida Willd. ex Link = Calceolaria rosmarinifolia Lam.

Reference: FP 1361: 630; Molau, U., 1988: 118. 


$


 Calceolaria biflora Ruiz & Pav.


Calceolaria biflora Ruiz & Pav. = Calceolaria dichotoma Lam.

Reference: FP 1361: 585; Molau, U., 1988: 282. 


$


 Calceolaria bipinnatifida Phil.


Calceolaria bipinnatifida Phil. = Calceolaria pinnata subsp. pinnata 

Reference: FP 1361: 619; Molau, U., 1988: 247. 


$


 Calceolaria boliviana (Britton ex Rusby) Pennell



Calceolaria boliviana (Britton ex Rusby) Pennell

Synonyms: Calceolaria boliviana Britton ex Rusby, Calceolaria boliviana Kraenzl., Calceolaria boliviana Pennell
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 565; Molau, U., 1988: 10815. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: cloud forests, disturbed areas. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 3937 (CUZ, MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Puno.


$


 Calceolaria boliviana var.boliviana



Calceolaria boliviana var. boliviana 

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 566. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Calceolaria boliviana var. speciosa (Pennell) Edwin


Calceolaria boliviana var. speciosa (Pennell) Edwin = Calceolaria speciosa Pennell

Reference: FP 1361: 566; Molau, U., 1988: 107. 


$


 Calceolaria brachyantha Edwin


Calceolaria brachyantha Edwin = Calceolaria cajabambae Kraenzl.

Reference: FP 1361: 566; Molau, U., 1988: 139. 


$


 Calceolaria buchtieniana Kraenzl.



Calceolaria buchtieniana Kraenzl.

Synonyms: Calceolaria buchtieniana Lopez Guillen, Calceolaria buchtieniana Pennell
Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 112. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III: grasslands. 2500-4500 m. 
Note: Without specimen data reported. 
Voucher: Soukup 854* (F)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Calceolaria bullata Molau



Calceolaria bullata Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 220. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Carriker s.n.* (PH)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Calceolaria caespitosa Molau



Calceolaria caespitosa Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 275. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: disturbed areas. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 10018* (GB, HUT), Molau & &ouml;hman 1812 (GB, HUT)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Calceolaria cajabambae Kraenzl.



Calceolaria cajabambae Kraenzl.

Synonyms: Calceolaria cajabambae Edwin, Calceolaria cajabambae Edwin, Calceolaria cajabambae Lopez Guillen, Calceolaria cajabambae Lopez Guillen, Calceolaria cajabambae Lopez Guillen
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 567; Molau, U., 1988: 139. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, subshrub. Andean II-III: shrublands. 2500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 3062* (MOL!), Hutchison et al. 6132 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, La Libertad, Pasco.


$


 Calceolaria cajamarcensis Lopez Guillen


Calceolaria cajamarcensis Lopez Guillen = Calceolaria melissifolia subsp. melissifolia 

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 143. 


$


 Calceolaria callunoides Kraenzl.


Calceolaria callunoides Kraenzl. = Calceolaria weberbaueriana Kraenzl.

Reference: FP 1361: 568; Molau, U., 1988: 152. 


$


 Calceolaria calycina Benth.



Calceolaria calycina Benth.

Synonyms: Calceolaria calycina Kraenzl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 569; Molau, U., 1988: 226. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: cloud forests, shrublands. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (K), Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 7946 (HUT, MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad, Piura.


$


 Calceolaria cantensis Lopez Guillen


Calceolaria cantensis Lopez Guillen = Calceolaria chelidonioides Kunth

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 266. 


$


 Calceolaria celendinensis Lopez Guillen


Calceolaria celendinensis Lopez Guillen = Calceolaria tripartita Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 262. 


$


 Calceolaria cerasifolia Benth.


Calceolaria cerasifolia Benth. = Calceolaria nivalis subsp. cerasifolia (Benth.) Molau

Reference: FP 1361: 569; Molau, U., 1988: 85. 


$


 Calceolaria chaetostemon Pennell



Calceolaria chaetostemon Pennell

Synonyms: Calceolaria chaetostemon Lopez Guillen, Calceolaria chaetostemon Lopez Guillen
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 571; Molau, U., 1988: 202. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 231* (F), Vargas 7079 (CUZ, MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cuzco.


$


 Calceolaria chelidonioides Kunth



Calceolaria chelidonioides Kunth

Synonyms: Calceolaria chelidonioides Edwin, Calceolaria chelidonioides Lopez Guillen, Calceolaria chelidonioides Lopez Guillen, Calceolaria chelidonioides Pennell
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 644; Molau, U., 1988: 266. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: grasslands, seasonally inundated areas. 1000-3500 m. 
Voucher: L&oacute;pez et al. 7780 (HUT, MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Moquegua, Piura, Puno.


$


 Calceolaria chelidonioides subsp. gibbaeformis Lopez Guillen


Calceolaria chelidonioides subsp. gibbaeformis Lopez Guillen = Calceolaria conocarpa Pennell

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 250. 


$


 Calceolaria chelidonioides subsp. serratifolia Lopez Guillen


Calceolaria chelidonioides subsp. serratifolia Lopez Guillen = Calceolaria tripartita Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 261. 


$


 Calceolaria chelidonioides subsp. truncata Lopez Guillen


Calceolaria chelidonioides subsp. truncata Lopez Guillen = Calceolaria tripartita Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 262. 


$


 Calceolaria chimborazensis Willd. ex Link


Calceolaria chimborazensis Willd. ex Link = Calceolaria lamiifolia Kunth

Reference: FP 1361: 563; Molau, U., 1988: 191. 
Note: NN  


$


 Calceolaria chrysocalyx Pennell


Calceolaria chrysocalyx Pennell = Calceolaria flexuosa subsp. chrysocalyx (Pennell) Mplau

Reference: FP 1361: 571; Molau, U., 1988: 199. 


$


 Calceolaria chrysosphaera Pennell



Calceolaria chrysosphaera Pennell

Synonyms: Calceolaria chrysosphaera Pennell
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 572; Molau, U., 1988: 59. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean I-II: disturbed areas. 1000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 14045* (US), Vargas 2173 (CUZ, MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Calceolaria colcamarensis Edwin


Calceolaria colcamarensis Edwin = Calceolaria velutinoides Edwin

Reference: FP 1361: 573; Molau, U., 1988: 165. 


$


 Calceolaria collanensis Edwin


Calceolaria collanensis Edwin = Calceolaria cuneiformis subsp. cuneiformis 

Reference: FP 1361: 574; Molau, U., 1988: 176. 


$


 Calceolaria comosa Pennell



Calceolaria comosa Pennell

$


 Calceolaria comosa Pennell subsp.comosa



Calceolaria comosa Pennell subsp. comosa 

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 166. 
Ecology: Native subshrub. Andean II: forests, shrublands. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 5732 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Calceolaria comosa subsp.elegans Molau



Calceolaria comosa subsp. elegans Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 168. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean II-III: forests, shrublands. 2000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Molau et al. 1709* (CPUN, GB), Hutchison & Wright 5235 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Calceolaria concava Molau



Calceolaria concava Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 144. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: grasslands, shrublands. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Molau 870* (S, USM), Molau 876 (S, USM)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Calceolaria connatifolia Pennell



Calceolaria connatifolia Pennell

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 575; Molau, U., 1988: 99. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: shrublands. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 15906* (US), Wurdack 1631 (US)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca.


$


 Calceolaria conocarpa Pennell



Calceolaria conocarpa Pennell

Synonyms: Calceolaria conocarpa Lopez Guillen
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 583; Molau, U., 1988: 250. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas. 1500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 13794* (CUZ, F), Metcalf 30486 (MO)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Calceolaria conocarpa subsp. irregularis Lopez Guillen


Calceolaria conocarpa subsp. irregularis Lopez Guillen = Calceolaria chelidonioides Kunth

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 266. 


$


 Calceolaria cordifolia Molau



Calceolaria cordifolia Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 196. 
Ecology: Endemic herb, subshrub. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7577* (F), Chanco 756 (USM)
Departments: Ayacucho, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Calceolaria cordiformis Edwin



Calceolaria cordiformis Edwin

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 575; Molau, U., 1981: 176. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean I-II: forests. 1000-2000 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 15924* (PH), Hutchison & Wright 6597 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Cajamarca, Piura.


$


 Calceolaria corymbosa Ruiz & Pav.



Calceolaria corymbosa Ruiz & Pav.

$


 Calceolaria corymbosa var.corymbosa



Calceolaria corymbosa var. corymbosa 

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 577; Molau, U., 1988: 161. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Calceolaria corymbosa var. perennis Edwin


Calceolaria corymbosa var. perennis Edwin = Calceolaria rugulosa Edwin

Reference: FP 1361: 160; Molau, U., 1988: 160. 


$


 Calceolaria crenata Lam.



Calceolaria crenata Lam.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 577; Molau, U., 1988: 126. 


$


 Calceolaria crenulata Pennell


Calceolaria crenulata Pennell = Calceolaria boliviana (Britton ex Rusby) Pennell

Reference: FP 1361: 578; Molau, U., 1988: 108. 


$


 Calceolaria croceopunctata Edwin


Calceolaria croceopunctata Edwin = Calceolaria ballotifolia Kranzl.

Reference: FP 1361: 578; Molau, U., 1988: 194. 


$


 Calceolaria cumbemayensis Molau



Calceolaria cumbemayensis Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 217. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: disturbed areas, grasslands. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Molau & S&aacute;nchez 850* (S, USM), Molau et al. 466 (S, USM)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Calceolaria cuneiformis Ruiz & Pav.



Calceolaria cuneiformis Ruiz & Pav.

$


 Calceolaria cuneiformis subsp.cuneiformis



Calceolaria cuneiformis subsp. cuneiformis 

Synonyms: Calceolaria cuneiformis cuneiformis Edwin, Calceolaria cuneiformis cuneiformis Meyen. ex Walp. et Schau.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 579; Molau, U., 1988: 176. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: rocky slopes, shrublands. 1500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MO!), Pennell 14713 (US, USM)
Departments: Ancash, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Calceolaria cuneiformis subsp.xerophila Molau



Calceolaria cuneiformis subsp. xerophila Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 177. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: grasslands, shrublands. 2500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 5781* (F), Ferreyra  5462 (US, USM)
Departments: Arequipa, Ayacucho.


$


 Calceolaria cuzcoensis Kranzlin


Calceolaria cuzcoensis Kranzlin = Calceolaria virgata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 156. 


$


 Calceolaria cypripediiflora Kraenzl.



Calceolaria cypripediiflora Kraenzl.

Synonyms: Calceolaria cypripediiflora Pennell, Calceolaria cypripediiflora Pennell
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 580; Molau, U., 1988: 70. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: forests. 1500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 504* (B destroyed, photo F), Metcalf 30541 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Puno.


$


 Calceolaria decus-montium Kranzl.


Calceolaria decus-montium Kranzl. = Calceolaria argentea Kunth

Reference: FP 1361: 581; Molau, U., 1988: 136. 


$


 Calceolaria deflexa Ruiz & Pav.



Calceolaria deflexa Ruiz & Pav.

$


 Calceolaria deflexa subsp.cuneata Molau



Calceolaria deflexa subsp. cuneata Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 97. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: forests. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Molau et al. 484* (S, USM), Hutchison et al. 6204 (F, USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, La Libertad.


$


 Calceolaria deflexa subsp.deflexa



Calceolaria deflexa subsp. deflexa 

Synonyms: Calceolaria deflexa var. deflexa Edwin
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 581; Molau, U., 1988: 96. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: forests, shrublands. 2000-4000 m. 
Note: Appears in the Flora of Peru as C. deflexa var. deflexa. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n (probably leg. Dombey) s.n.* (MA), Hutchison et al. 6156 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Ancash, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Calceolaria deflexa var. aurantiaca Edwin


Calceolaria deflexa var. aurantiaca Edwin = Calceolaria deflexa subsp. deflexa 

Reference: FP 1361: 583; Molau, U., 1988: 96. 


$


 Calceolaria deflexa var.deflexa



Calceolaria deflexa var. deflexa 

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 582. 


$


 Calceolaria deflexa Willd. ex Link


Calceolaria deflexa Willd. ex Link = Calceolaria nivalis Kunth subsp. nivalis 

Reference: FP 1361: 614. 


$


 Calceolaria delicatula Kraenzl.


Calceolaria delicatula Kraenzl. = Calceolaria pinnata subsp. delicatula (Kraenzl.) Molau

Reference: FP 1361: 583; Molau, U., 1988: 248. 


$


 Calceolaria densiflora Molau



Calceolaria densiflora Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 163. 
Ecology: Endemic herb, subshrub. Andean II: shrublands. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Sandeman 4101* (K), Pennell 15920 (NY)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Calceolaria dentifolia Edwin



Calceolaria dentifolia Edwin

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 584; Molau, U., 1988: 79. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: forests, shrublands. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 15162* (US), Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 8512 (HUT, MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Calceolaria dichotoma Lam.



Calceolaria dichotoma Lam.

Synonyms: Calceolaria dichotoma Kraenzl., Calceolaria dichotoma Kraenzl., Calceolaria dichotoma Pennell, Calceolaria dichotoma Ruiz & Pav., Calceolaria dichotoma Smith
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 585; Molau, U., 1988: 282. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: forests, lomas. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Dombey 81* (P), Vargas 3423 (CUZ, MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Lima, Piura.


$


 Calceolaria diffusa Lindl.


Calceolaria diffusa Lindl. = Calceolaria bicolor Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1361: 563; Molau, U., 1988: 189. 


$


 Calceolaria discotheca Molau



Calceolaria discotheca Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 58. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean II: forests. 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Wurdack 849* (F)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Calceolaria divaricata Kunth



Calceolaria divaricata Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 586; Molau, U., 1981: 170. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub, vine. Andean I-II, Coastal: forests. 1000-2000 m. 
Voucher: Bompland 3471* (P), Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 8795 (HUT, MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Piura.


$


 Calceolaria diversifolia Kranzlin


Calceolaria diversifolia Kranzlin = Calceolaria myriophylla Kraenzl.

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 180. 


$


 Calceolaria drepanantha Pennell


Calceolaria drepanantha Pennell = Calceolaria cypripediiflora Kraenzl.

Reference: FP 1361: 580; Molau, U., 1988: 70. 


$


 Calceolaria elliptica Wedd.


Calceolaria elliptica Wedd. = Calceolaria parvifolia subsp. parvifolia 

Reference: FP 1361: 577; Molau, U., 1988: 170. 


$


 Calceolaria endopogon Kranzl.


Calceolaria endopogon Kranzl. = Calceolaria tetragona subsp. endopogon (Kranzl.) Molau

Reference: FP 1361: 587; Molau, U., 1988: 81. 


$


 Calceolaria endotrachys Kraenzl.


Calceolaria endotrachys Kraenzl. = Calceolaria engleriana subsp. engleriana 

Reference: FP 1361: 587; Molau, U., 1988: 104. 


$


 Calceolaria engleriana Kraenzl.



Calceolaria engleriana Kraenzl.

$


 Calceolaria engleriana subsp. acuminata Pennell


Calceolaria engleriana subsp. acuminata Pennell = Calceolaria engleriana subsp. engleriana 

Reference: FP 1361: 587; Molau, U., 1988: 104. 


$


 Calceolaria engleriana subsp.engleriana



Calceolaria engleriana subsp. engleriana 

Synonyms: Calceolaria engleriana engleriana Kraenzl., Calceolaria engleriana engleriana Kraenzl., Calceolaria engleriana engleriana Kraenzl., Calceolaria engleriana engleriana Kraenzl., Calceolaria engleriana engleriana Kraenzl., Calceolaria engleriana engleriana Kranzl., Calceolaria engleriana subsp. engleriana Pennell
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 587; Molau, U., 1988: 102, 104. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III: forests, grasslands, shrublands. 2000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 923* (B photo F, MOL!), Tovar 79 (MOL, US)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Puno.


$


 Calceolaria engleriana subsp.lutea Molau



Calceolaria engleriana subsp. lutea Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 106. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: cloud forests. 1500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Molau 751* (S), Vargas 4400 (CUZ, MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Calceolaria epilobioides Kraenzl.


Calceolaria epilobioides Kraenzl. = Calceolaria engleriana subsp. engleriana 

Reference: FP 1361: 587; Molau, U., 1988: 104. 


$


 Calceolaria ericoides subsp.peruviana Molau



Calceolaria ericoides subsp. peruviana Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 130. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, grasslands, rocky slopes. 3000-3500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Molau & Dillon 491* (S), Raimondi 2024 (USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Lambayeque.


$


 Calceolaria excelsior Kranzl.


Calceolaria excelsior Kranzl. = Calceolaria atahualpae subsp. witasekiana (Kraenzl.) Molau

Reference: FP 1361: 561; Molau, U., 1988: 54. 


$


 Calceolaria extensa Benth.



Calceolaria extensa Benth.

Synonyms: Calceolaria extensa Molau
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 589; Molau, U., 1988: 58. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean II: cloud forests. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 1679* (K), Plowman 5578 (GH, USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho.


$


 Calceolaria extensa Griseb.


Calceolaria extensa Griseb. = Calceolaria virgata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1361: 650. 


$


 Calceolaria ferreyrae Lopez Guillen


Calceolaria ferreyrae Lopez Guillen = Calceolaria argentea Kunth

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 136. 


$


 Calceolaria ferruginea Cav.



Calceolaria ferruginea Cav.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 630; Molau, U., 1988: 119. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Cited in the Flora of Peru as a synonym of C. rosmarinifolia.  


$


 Calceolaria fiebrigiana Kraenzl.


Calceolaria fiebrigiana Kraenzl. = Calceolaria plectranthifolia Walpers

Reference: FP 1361: 590; Molau, U., 1988: 279. 


$


 Calceolaria flacca Molau


Calceolaria flacca Molau = Calceolaria extensa Benth.

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 58. 


$


 Calceolaria flexuosa Ruiz & Pav.



Calceolaria flexuosa Ruiz & Pav.

$


 Calceolaria flexuosa subsp.chrysocalyx (Pennell) Mplau



Calceolaria flexuosa subsp. chrysocalyx (Pennell) Mplau

Synonyms: Calceolaria flexuosa chrysocalyx Pennell
Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 199. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean II-III: cloud forests, shrublands. 1500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 2090 (CUZ, MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cuzco, Puno.


$


 Calceolaria flexuosa subsp.flexuosa



Calceolaria flexuosa subsp. flexuosa 

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 563; Molau, U., 1988: 199. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean II-III: shrublands. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Woytkowski 34257 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n.


$



$


 Calceolaria flosparva Edwin


Calceolaria flosparva Edwin = Calceolaria mexicana Benth. subsp. mexicana 

Reference: FP 1361: 590; Molau, U., 1988: 256. 


$


 Calceolaria foliosa Meyen. ex Walp. et Schau.


Calceolaria foliosa Meyen. ex Walp. et Schau. = Calceolaria cuneiformis subsp. cuneiformis 

Reference: FP 1361: 579. 


$


 Calceolaria forgetti Skan


Calceolaria forgetti Skan = Calceolaria virgata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 156. 


$


 Calceolaria fuchsiaefolia Hemsl.


Calceolaria fuchsiaefolia Hemsl. = Calceolaria nivalis Kunth subsp. nivalis 

Reference: FP 1361: 581; Molau, U., 1988: 84. 


$


 Calceolaria furcata Pennell


Calceolaria furcata Pennell = Calceolaria cypripediiflora Kraenzl.

Reference: FP 1361: 580; Molau, U., 1988: 70. 


$


 Calceolaria fusca Pennell



Calceolaria fusca Pennell

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 88. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: forests, shrublands. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 10227 (HUT)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Calceolaria gaultherioides Molau



Calceolaria gaultherioides Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 94. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, forests, shrublands. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Edwin & Schunke 3639* (F, USM), Luteyn & Cotton 11434 (GB)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Calceolaria gemelliflora Cav.


Calceolaria gemelliflora Cav. = Calceolaria angustiflora Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1361: 649; Molau, U., 1988: 182. 


$


 Calceolaria glauca Ruiz & Pav.



Calceolaria glauca Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Calceolaria glauca Cav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 591; Molau, U., 1988: 162. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, subshrub. Andean II-III: shrublands. 1500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (F), Hutchison & Wright 7080 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Huancavelica, Lima.


$


 Calceolaria glechomifolia Kraenzl.


Calceolaria glechomifolia Kraenzl. = Calceolaria rotundifolia Kunth

Reference: FP 1361: 633; Molau, U., 1981: 180. 


$


 Calceolaria gossypina subsp. jaroslaviana Lopez Guillen


Calceolaria gossypina subsp. jaroslaviana Lopez Guillen = Calceolaria buchtieniana Kraenzl.

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 112. 


$


 Calceolaria graminifolia Kunth


Calceolaria graminifolia Kunth = Calceolaria rosmarinifolia Lam.

Reference: FP 1361: 630; Molau, U., 1988: 118. 


$


 Calceolaria grandepinnata Edwin


Calceolaria grandepinnata Edwin = Calceolaria chelidonioides Kunth

Reference: FP 1361: 592; Molau, U., 1988: 266. 


$


 Calceolaria hartwegii Benth.


Calceolaria hartwegii Benth. = Calceolaria rosmarinifolia Lam.

Reference: FP 1361: 630; Molau, U., 1988: 118. 


$


 Calceolaria hedera Edwin


Calceolaria hedera Edwin = Calceolaria triloba Edwin

Reference: FP 1361: 593; Molau, U., 1988: 216. 


$


 Calceolaria herrerae Kraenzl.


Calceolaria herrerae Kraenzl. = Calceolaria sparsiflora Kuntze

Reference: FP 1361: 639; Molau, U., 1988: 174. 


$


 Calceolaria herrerae var. ramossissima Kraenzl.


Calceolaria herrerae var. ramossissima Kraenzl. = Calceolaria sparsiflora Kuntze

Reference: FP 1361: 639; Molau, U., 1988: 174. 


$


 Calceolaria herzogiana Kraenzl.


Calceolaria herzogiana Kraenzl. = Calceolaria trilobata subsp. herzogiana (Kraenzl.) Molau

Reference: FP 1361: 594; Molau, U., 1988: 243. 


$


 Calceolaria heterophylioides Kranzl.


Calceolaria heterophylioides Kranzl. = Calceolaria punicea Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1361: 577; Molau, U., 1988: 69. 


$


 Calceolaria heterophylla Ruiz & Pav.



Calceolaria heterophylla Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 595; Molau, U., 1988: 69. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: shrublands. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MO!), Macbride 4154 (F)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Calceolaria heterophylla Willd.


Calceolaria heterophylla Willd. = Calceolaria tripartita Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1361: 644; Molau, U., 1988: 261. 
Note: nom. illeg.  


$


 Calceolaria hians Penny ex Don



Calceolaria hians Penny ex Don

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 577; Molau, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru. A cultivated hybrid of Chilean ancestry.  


$


 Calceolaria hirsuta Benth.



Calceolaria hirsuta Benth.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 595. 
Note: The Flora of Peru uses this incorrect species citation.  The correct species is C. hispida Bentham. 


$


 Calceolaria hirsuta Molau



Calceolaria hirsuta Molau

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 595; Molau, U., 1988: 60. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: forests, shrublands. 3000-3500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Barbour 3404* (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Calceolaria hirsutula Pennell


Calceolaria hirsutula Pennell = Calceolaria chrysosphaera Pennell

Reference: FP 1361: 595; Molau, U., 1988: 60. 


$


 Calceolaria hispida Benth.



Calceolaria hispida Benth.

$


 Calceolaria hispida subsp.acaulis Molau



Calceolaria hispida subsp. acaulis Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 211. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Molau & S&aacute;nchez 845* (CPUN, S), Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 8898 (HUT, MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, La Libertad.


$


 Calceolaria hispida subsp.hispida



Calceolaria hispida subsp. hispida 

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 595; Molau, U., 1988: 208. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I-III: forests, shrublands. 1000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (K), Hutchison & Wright 5739 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Lima, La Libertad, Piura.


$


 Calceolaria hopeana Morris ex Don



Calceolaria hopeana Morris ex Don

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 577; Molau, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru. A cultivated hybrid of Chilean ancestry.  


$


 Calceolaria huamachucensis Lopez Guillen


Calceolaria huamachucensis Lopez Guillen = Calceolaria cajabambae Kraenzl.

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 139. 


$


 Calceolaria humilis Edwin


Calceolaria humilis Edwin = Calceolaria virgata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1361: 596; Molau, U., 1988: 156. 


$


 Calceolaria hutchisonii Edwin


Calceolaria hutchisonii Edwin = Calceolaria rotundifolia Kunth

Reference: FP 1361: 597; Molau, U., 1981: 180. 


$


 Calceolaria hyssopifolia Kunth



Calceolaria hyssopifolia Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 598; Molau, U., 1988: 97. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Calceolaria inamoena Kraenzl.



Calceolaria inamoena Kraenzl.

$


 Calceolaria inamoena subsp.inamoena



Calceolaria inamoena subsp. inamoena 

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 598; Molau, U., 1988: 179. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III: shrublands. 2000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4833* (B, destroyed, photo  F), Vargas 8078 (CUZ, MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Moquegua, Tacna.


$


 Calceolaria inamoena subsp.millefoliata (Kraenzl.) Molau



Calceolaria inamoena subsp. millefoliata (Kraenzl.) Molau

Synonyms: Calceolaria inamoena millefoliata Kraenzl.
Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 180. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: shrublands, grasslands. 2500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 5770* (S), Gentry et al. 23270 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Ayacucho.


$


 Calceolaria inaudita Kranzlin



Calceolaria inaudita Kranzlin

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 599; Molau, U., 1988: 271. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean III: forests. 4000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 3085* (MOL!), Maldonado s.n. (GB)
Departments: Ancash.


$


 Calceolaria incachacensis Kraenzl.


Calceolaria incachacensis Kraenzl. = Calceolaria engleriana subsp. engleriana 

Reference: FP 1361: 587. 


$


 Calceolaria incana Molau


Calceolaria incana Molau = Calceolaria aperta subsp. incana (Molau) Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 195. 


$


 Calceolaria incarum Kraenzl.



Calceolaria incarum Kraenzl.

$


 Calceolaria incarum subsp.incarum



Calceolaria incarum subsp. incarum 

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 599; Molau, U., 1988: 219. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 2500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 2762* (MOL!), Hutchison 7312 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Ancash, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lima.


$


 Calceolaria incarum subsp.sanchezii Molau



Calceolaria incarum subsp. sanchezii Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 220. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: forests, shrublands. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Molau & S&aacute;nchez 853* (CPUN, S), Ferreyra 3273 (US, USM)
Departments: Cajamarca, La Libertad.


$


 Calceolaria inflexa fo. altissima (Kranzl.) Edwin


Calceolaria inflexa fo. altissima (Kranzl.) Edwin = Calceolaria inflexa Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1361: 601. 


$


 Calceolaria inflexa fo.inflexa



Calceolaria inflexa fo. inflexa 

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 601. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Calceolaria inflexa Ruiz & Pav.



Calceolaria inflexa Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Calceolaria inflexa (Kranzl.) Edwin, Calceolaria inflexa Benth., Calceolaria inflexa Kranzl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 600; Molau, U., 1988: 56. 
Ecology. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (F), Hutchison et al. 5952 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Pasco.


$


 Calceolaria involuta Ruiz & Pav.


Calceolaria involuta Ruiz & Pav. = Calceolaria salicifolia subsp. salicifolia 

Reference: FP 1361: 601; Molau, U., 1988: 78. 


$


 Calceolaria kraenzliniae Kraenzl.


Calceolaria kraenzliniae Kraenzl. = Calceolaria calycina Benth.

Reference: FP 1361: 569; Molau, U., 1988: 226. 


$


 Calceolaria laevis Molau



Calceolaria laevis Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 140. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean II-III: grasslands. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Molau & S&aacute;nchez 851* (CPUN, S), Ferreyra 3334A (US, USM)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Calceolaria lamiifolia Kunth



Calceolaria lamiifolia Kunth

Synonyms: Calceolaria lamiifolia Kunth, Calceolaria lamiifolia Willd. ex Link
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 563; Molau, U., 1988: 191. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Cited in the Flora of Peru as a synonym of C. bicrenata.  


$


 Calceolaria lancifolia Willd. ex Link


Calceolaria lancifolia Willd. ex Link = ?  

Reference: FP 1361: 563; Molau, pers. comm.. 
Note: NN  


$


 Calceolaria lasiocalyx Pennell



Calceolaria lasiocalyx Pennell

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 602; Molau, U., 1988: 57. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean I-II: grasslands, rocky slopes, shrublands. 1000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 3760* (PH), Vargas 5199 (CUZ, PH)
Departments: Cuzco, Puno.


$


 Calceolaria laxa Benth.


Calceolaria laxa Benth. = Calceolaria inflexa Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1361: 601; Molau, U., 1988: 56. 


$


 Calceolaria leptantha Pennell



Calceolaria leptantha Pennell

Synonyms: Calceolaria leptantha Pennell
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 603; Molau, U., 1988: 196. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean II: cloud forests. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 13793* (CUZ, US), Iltis & Ugent 553 (F, USM)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cuzco.


$


 Calceolaria leucantha Edwin


Calceolaria leucantha Edwin = Calceolaria ballotifolia Kranzl.

Reference: FP 1361: 603; Molau, U., 1988: 194. 


$


 Calceolaria linearioides Edwin


Calceolaria linearioides Edwin = Calceolaria cajabambae Kraenzl.

Reference: FP 1361: 604; Molau, U., 1988: 139. 


$


 Calceolaria linearis Ruiz & Pav.



Calceolaria linearis Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Calceolaria linearis Cav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 604; Molau, U., 1988: 134. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 2500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA frag. F), Hutchison et al. 6287 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Ancash, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lima, La Libertad, Piura.


$



$


 Calceolaria llamaensis (Edwin) Molau



Calceolaria llamaensis (Edwin) Molau

Synonyms: Calceolaria llamaensis Edwin
Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 161. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean II: forests, shrublands. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Molau 880 (S, USM)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Calceolaria lobata Cav.



Calceolaria lobata Cav.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 606; Molau, U., 1988: 205. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: forests, shrublands. 1500-4500 m. 
Voucher: N&eacute;e s.n.* (MA frag. F), Hutchison et al. 5885 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Lima, Moquegua, Puno.


$


 Calceolaria lojensis Pennell



Calceolaria lojensis Pennell

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 234. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: forests, shrublands. 1000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Ochoa  1780 (MOL!)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Calceolaria longiinternodia Edwin


Calceolaria longiinternodia Edwin = Calceolaria bicolor Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1361: 607; Molau, U., 1988: 189. 


$


 Calceolaria lopezii Edwin


Calceolaria lopezii Edwin = Calceolaria utricularioides Benth.

Reference: FP 1361: 608; Molau, U., 1981: 184; Molau, U., 1988: 286. 


$


 Calceolaria ludens Kranzlin



Calceolaria ludens Kranzlin

Synonyms: Calceolaria ludens Kraenzl.
Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 106. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: grasslands, rocky slopes. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 5788* (B destroyed, F), Killip & Smith 22164 (US)
Departments: Ayacucho, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Calceolaria luteocalyx Edwin



Calceolaria luteocalyx Edwin

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 608; Molau, U., 1988: 70. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean II: forests, shrublands. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 15549* (PH), Wurdack 848 (US, USM)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Calceolaria lysimachioides Kraenzl.


Calceolaria lysimachioides Kraenzl. = Calceolaria dichotoma Lam.

Reference: FP 1361: 585; Molau, U., 1988: 282. 


$


 Calceolaria macrocalyx Kraenzl.


Calceolaria macrocalyx Kraenzl. = Calceolaria bicolor Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1361: 563; Molau, U., 1988: 189. 


$


 Calceolaria macrocarpa Pennell


Calceolaria macrocarpa Pennell = Calceolaria sparsiflora Kuntze

Reference: FP 1361: 609; Molau, U., 1988: 174. 


$


 Calceolaria maculata Edwin



Calceolaria maculata Edwin

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 610; Molau, U., 1988: 201. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub, vine. Andean II-III: forests, shrublands. 1500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 15215* (US), Edwin & Schunke 3609 (F, USM)
Departments: Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Calceolaria malacophylla Kraenzl.


Calceolaria malacophylla Kraenzl. = Calceolaria bicolor Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 189. 


$


 Calceolaria mandoniana Kraenzl.



Calceolaria mandoniana Kraenzl.

Synonyms: Calceolaria mandoniana (Kraenzl.) Penn.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 644; Molau, U., 1988: 259. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: riversides. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 2340 (CUZ, MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Calceolaria mathewsii Benth.


Calceolaria mathewsii Benth. = Calceolaria scapiflora (Ruiz & Pavon) Benth.

Reference: FP 1361: 635; Molau, U., 1988: 272. 


$


 Calceolaria meistantha Pennell


Calceolaria meistantha Pennell = Calceolaria dichotoma Lam.

Reference: FP 1361: 585; Molau, U., 1988: 284. 


$


 Calceolaria melissifolia Benth.



Calceolaria melissifolia Benth.

$


 Calceolaria melissifolia subsp.melissifolia



Calceolaria melissifolia subsp. melissifolia 

Synonyms: Calceolaria melissifolia melissifolia Lopez Guillen
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 633; Molau, U., 1988: 143. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, subshrub. Andean II: forests, shrublands. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 1677* (K), Hutchison et al. 6179 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad.


$


 Calceolaria melissifolia subsp.pseudoscabra (Edwin) Molau



Calceolaria melissifolia subsp. pseudoscabra (Edwin) Molau

Synonyms: Calceolaria melissifolia pseudoscabra Edwin
Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 144. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean II: forests, shrublands. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 15213* (PH), Fosberg 28097 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Calceolaria mexicana Benth.



Calceolaria mexicana Benth.

$


 Calceolaria mexicana Benth. subsp.mexicana



Calceolaria mexicana Benth. subsp. mexicana 

Synonyms: Calceolaria mexicana mexicana Edwin, Calceolaria mexicana mexicana Sodiro ex Kraenzl.
Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 253. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-III: rocky slopes. 1000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 7288 (CUZ, MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Puno.


$


 Calceolaria micans Molau



Calceolaria micans Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 142. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean II-III: grasslands. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Molau & S&aacute;nchez 855* (S, USM), Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 9023 (HUT, MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, La Libertad.


$


 Calceolaria micrantha Pennell


Calceolaria micrantha Pennell = Calceolaria tripartita Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1361: 611; Molau, U., 1988: 261. 


$


 Calceolaria millefoliata Kraenzl.


Calceolaria millefoliata Kraenzl. = Calceolaria inamoena subsp. millefoliata (Kraenzl.) Molau

Reference: FP 1361: 611; Molau, U., 1988: 180. 


$


 Calceolaria moyobambae Kraenzl.



Calceolaria moyobambae Kraenzl.

Synonyms: Calceolaria moyobambae Edwin
Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 82. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: forests, shrublands. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Stubel 55* (B destroyed photo F), Hutchison & Wright 5731* (neotype MO!, USM)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Calceolaria multiflora Cav.


Calceolaria multiflora Cav. = Calceolaria angustiflora Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1361: 649; Molau, U., 1988: 182. 


$


 Calceolaria myriophylla Kraenzl.



Calceolaria myriophylla Kraenzl.

Synonyms: Calceolaria myriophylla Kranzlin
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 612; Molau, U., 1988: 180. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: shrublands. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4861* (B destroyed, photo F), Vargas 1770 (CUZ, MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cuzco.


$


 Calceolaria myrtilloides Kraenzl.


Calceolaria myrtilloides Kraenzl. = Calceolaria viscosa Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1361: 613; Molau, U., 1988: 83. 


$


 Calceolaria neglecta Molau



Calceolaria neglecta Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 177. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: shrublands, rocky slopes. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Molau 796* (S, USM), Soukup 2769 (F, USM)
Departments: Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima.


$


 Calceolaria nivalis Kunth



Calceolaria nivalis Kunth

$


 Calceolaria nivalis Kunth subsp.nivalis



Calceolaria nivalis Kunth subsp. nivalis 

Synonyms: Calceolaria nivalis nivalis Hemsl., Calceolaria nivalis nivalis Kunth, Calceolaria nivalis nivalis Willd. ex Link
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 613; Molau, U., 1988: 84. 
Ecology. 1500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Bonpland 3269* (B-W), L&oacute;pez et al. 7720 (HUT, MO!)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Calceolaria nivalis subsp.cerasifolia (Benth.) Molau



Calceolaria nivalis subsp. cerasifolia (Benth.) Molau

Synonyms: Calceolaria nivalis cerasifolia Benth.
Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 85. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: forests, grasslands, rocky slopes. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 1684* (K), Hutchinson & Bennett 4632 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Calceolaria obliqua Molau



Calceolaria obliqua Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 215. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: forests, shrublands. 3500-4000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Molau 874* (S)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Calceolaria oblonga Ruiz & Pav.



Calceolaria oblonga Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Calceolaria oblonga (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 614; Molau, U., 1988: 68. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I-II: cloud forests. 1000-2000 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 25952* (neotype PH), Ellenberg 8926 (GB)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Pasco.


$


 Calceolaria obscura Pennell


Calceolaria obscura Pennell = Calceolaria chelidonioides Kunth

Reference: FP 1361: 645; Molau, U., 1988: 266. 


$


 Calceolaria olivacea Molau



Calceolaria olivacea Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 109. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 4352* (F), Woytkowski 142 (F)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Calceolaria oreophila Molau



Calceolaria oreophila Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 98. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, subshrub. Andean II: shrublands. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Sandeman 4201* (K), Ferreyra 8433 (USM)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Calceolaria ovata Smith


Calceolaria ovata Smith = Calceolaria dichotoma Lam.

Reference: FP 1361: 585; Molau, U., 1988: 282. 


$


 Calceolaria padifolia Kunth


Calceolaria padifolia Kunth = Calceolaria nivalis Kunth subsp. nivalis 

Reference: FP 1361: 614; Molau, U., 1988: 84. 


$


 Calceolaria pallascensis Edwin


Calceolaria pallascensis Edwin = Calceolaria weberbaueriana Kraenzl.

Reference: FP 1361: 615; Molau, U., 1988: 153. 


$


 Calceolaria palustris Sodiro ex Kraenzl.


Calceolaria palustris Sodiro ex Kraenzl. = Calceolaria mexicana Benth. subsp. mexicana 

Reference: FP 1361: 616; Molau, U., 1988: 254. 


$


 Calceolaria paralia Hook.



Calceolaria paralia Hook.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 577; Molau, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru. A Chilean species.  


$


 Calceolaria parvifolia subsp.parvifolia



Calceolaria parvifolia subsp. parvifolia 

Synonyms: Calceolaria parvifolia parvifolia Wedd.
Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 170. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean III: grasslands. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Metcalf 30690 (MO!)
Departments: Moquegua, Puno.


$


 Calceolaria parvifolia Wedd.



Calceolaria parvifolia Wedd.

$


 Calceolaria paucifolia Edwin & Wooden


Calceolaria paucifolia Edwin & Wooden = Calceolaria plectranthifolia Walpers

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 279. 


$


 Calceolaria pavonii Benth.



Calceolaria pavonii Benth.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 616; Molau, U., 1988: 235. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: rocky slopes, shrublands. 1000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 3042* (K), Hutchison et al. 5964 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Piura.


$


 Calceolaria pearceana Kranzl.


Calceolaria pearceana Kranzl. = Calceolaria atahualpae subsp. atahualpae 

Reference: FP 1361: 617; Molau, U., 1988: 53. 


$


 Calceolaria percaespitosa Wooden



Calceolaria percaespitosa Wooden

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 275. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands. 3000-4000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: L&oacute;pez et al. 7835* (F, HUT), Molau et al. 1695 (CPUN, GB)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Calceolaria perfoliata Ruiz & Pav.



Calceolaria perfoliata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 616. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Calceolaria phaceliifolia Edwin



Calceolaria phaceliifolia Edwin

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 618; Molau, U., 1988: 206. 
Ecology: Endemic herb, subshrub. Andean II-III: forests, shrublands. 2500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 15320* (US), Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 10030 (HUT, MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, La Libertad.


$


 Calceolaria pilosa Molau



Calceolaria pilosa Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 214. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: shrublands. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Sgastegui et al. 10015* (GB, HUT), Molau & &ouml;hman 1808 (GB, HUT)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Calceolaria pinnata L.



Calceolaria pinnata L.

$


 Calceolaria pinnata subsp.delicatula (Kraenzl.) Molau



Calceolaria pinnata subsp. delicatula (Kraenzl.) Molau

Synonyms: Calceolaria pinnata delicatula Kraenzl.
Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 248. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I-III, Coastal: shrublands. 1000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 3842* (B destroyed), Molau et al. 1819* (Neotype GB, HUT)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Lambayeque, La Libertad, Piura.


$


 Calceolaria pinnata subsp.pinnata



Calceolaria pinnata subsp. pinnata 

Synonyms: Calceolaria pinnata pinnata Phil., Calceolaria pinnata pinnata Salisb.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 619; Molau, U., 1988: 247. 
Ecology: Native herb. Coastal: lomas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 8054 (US, USM)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Lima.


$


 Calceolaria pisacomensis Meyen ex Walpers



Calceolaria pisacomensis Meyen ex Walpers

Synonyms: Calceolaria pisacomensis Meyen nom. nud.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 620; Molau, U., 1988: 152. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, subshrub. Andean II-III: shrublands, rocky slopes. 2000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Meyen s.n.* (B destroyed), Ferreyra 2598* (neotype GB, USM)
Departments: Arequipa, Moquegua.


$


 Calceolaria pisacomensis Meyen nom. nud.


Calceolaria pisacomensis Meyen nom. nud. = Calceolaria pisacomensis Meyen ex Walpers

Reference: FP 1361: 620; Molau, U., 1988: 152. 


$


 Calceolaria plectranthifolia Walpers



Calceolaria plectranthifolia Walpers

Synonyms: Calceolaria plectranthifolia Edwin & Wooden, Calceolaria plectranthifolia Kraenzl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 620; Molau, U., 1988: 279. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: shrublands. 1500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Meyen s.n.* (B destroyed), Molau et al. 572* (neotype S)
Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco, Moquegua, Puno, Tacna.


$


 Calceolaria procera Pennell



Calceolaria procera Pennell

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 621; Molau, U., 1988: 116. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: forests. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 2653* (PH), Gentry et al. 19404 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Calceolaria pseudoscabra Edwin


Calceolaria pseudoscabra Edwin = Calceolaria melissifolia subsp. pseudoscabra (Edwin) Molau

Reference: FP 1361: 621; Molau, U., 1988: 144. 


$


 Calceolaria pulchella Salisb.


Calceolaria pulchella Salisb. = Calceolaria pinnata subsp. pinnata 

Reference: FP 1361: 619; Molau, U., 1988: 247. 


$


 Calceolaria pulverulenta Ruiz & Pav.



Calceolaria pulverulenta Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 622; Molau, U., 1988: 148. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: shrublands. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA not found), Hjerting & Petersen 1177* (neotype C)
Departments: Ancash, Lima.


$


 Calceolaria pumila Edwin



Calceolaria pumila Edwin

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 622; Molau, U., 1988: 286. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas. 2500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Pennell & Anderson 15078* (PH), Molau & S&aacute;nchez 863 (CPUN, GB)
Departments: Cajamarca, La Libertad, Pasco.


$


 Calceolaria punicea Ruiz & Pav.



Calceolaria punicea Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Calceolaria punicea Kranzl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 614; Molau, U., 1988: 68. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: shrublands. 1500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Macbride 3729 (F)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Calceolaria puru-puru Kraenzl.


Calceolaria puru-puru Kraenzl. = Calceolaria tripartita Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1361: 644; Molau, U., 1988: 261. 


$


 Calceolaria ramosa Molau



Calceolaria ramosa Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 54. 
Ecology. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Molau 820* (S), Weberbauer 5596 (F)
Departments: Ayacucho, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Calceolaria ramosissima Kraenzl.


Calceolaria ramosissima Kraenzl. = Calceolaria ludens Kranzlin

Reference: FP 1361: 623; Molau, U., 1988: 156. 


$


 Calceolaria ramosissima Kraenzl.


Calceolaria ramosissima Kraenzl. = ?  

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 107. 


$


 Calceolaria ranunculoides Kraenzl.


Calceolaria ranunculoides Kraenzl. = Calceolaria tripartita Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1361: 624; Molau, U., 1988: 261. 


$


 Calceolaria rariflora Molau



Calceolaria rariflora Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 153. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 3500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Molau 806* (S), Macbride & Featherstone 1059 (F)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Calceolaria reichlinii Edwin



Calceolaria reichlinii Edwin

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 625; Molau, U., 1988: 137. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: shrublands. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Pennell & Ferreyra 14853* (PH), Hutchison & Wright 5095 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Cajamarca, La Libertad.


$


 Calceolaria revoluta Penn.



Calceolaria revoluta Penn.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 627; Molau, U., 1988: 112. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, subshrub. Andean II-III: cloud forests, shrublands. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 13802* (US), Vargas 3208 (CUZ, MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Calceolaria rhacodes Kranzl.



Calceolaria rhacodes Kranzl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 627; Molau, U., 1988: 216. 
Ecology: Endemic herb, subshrub. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 5809* (US), Ferreyra 7212 (US, USM)
Departments: Arequipa, Ayacucho.


$


 Calceolaria rhizomatosa Kranzl.


Calceolaria rhizomatosa Kranzl. = Calceolaria engleriana subsp. engleriana 

Reference: FP 1361: 628; Molau, U., 1988: 104. 


$


 Calceolaria rhododendroides Kraenzl.



Calceolaria rhododendroides Kraenzl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 629; Molau, U., 1988: 93. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, shrublands. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4242* (MOL, frag. F), Edwin & Schunke 3633 (US, USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, La Libertad.


$


 Calceolaria riccioi Lopez Guillen


Calceolaria riccioi Lopez Guillen = Calceolaria tetragona subsp. endopogon (Kranzl.) Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 81. 


$


 Calceolaria rivularis Kraenzl.



Calceolaria rivularis Kraenzl.

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 252. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: shrublands. 1500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 13703 (US)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Calceolaria rosmarinifolia Lam.



Calceolaria rosmarinifolia Lam.

Synonyms: Calceolaria rosmarinifolia Benth., Calceolaria rosmarinifolia Kunth, Calceolaria rosmarinifolia Willd. ex Link
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 630; Molau, U., 1988: 118. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   The Flora of Peru uses the incorrect spelling C. rosmariniifolia. 


$


 Calceolaria rotundifolia Kunth



Calceolaria rotundifolia Kunth

Synonyms: Calceolaria rotundifolia Edwin, Calceolaria rotundifolia Kraenzl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 579; Molau, U., 1988: 270. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6048* (US), Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 8250 (HUT, MO!)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Calceolaria rufescens Molau



Calceolaria rufescens Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 317. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: shrublands. 3000-3500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Molau & Eriksen 3434* (GB)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Calceolaria rugulosa Edwin



Calceolaria rugulosa Edwin

Synonyms: Calceolaria rugulosa Edwin
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 630; Molau, U., 1988: 160. 
Ecology: Native subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I-III, Coastal: lomas, rocky slopes. 0-4000 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 15917* (US), Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 8357 (HUT, MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Huancavelica, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Piura.


$


 Calceolaria rupestris Molau



Calceolaria rupestris Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 113. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: grasslands, rocky slopes, shrublands. 3000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Molau 797* (S, USM), Tovar 210 (MOL, US)
Departments: Ayacucho, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima.


$


 Calceolaria sagasteguiana Rosencranz


Calceolaria sagasteguiana Rosencranz = Calceolaria trilobata subsp. aequilateralis (Edwin) Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 242. 


$


 Calceolaria salicifolia Ruiz & Pav.



Calceolaria salicifolia Ruiz & Pav.

$


 Calceolaria salicifolia subsp.nigricans Molau



Calceolaria salicifolia subsp. nigricans Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 79. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: cloud forests, shrublands. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Wurdack 1193* (US), Wurdack 1710 (US, USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, La Libertad.


$


 Calceolaria salicifolia subsp.salicifolia



Calceolaria salicifolia subsp. salicifolia 

Synonyms: Calceolaria salicifolia salicifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze, Calceolaria salicifolia salicifolia Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 631; Molau, U., 1988: 76, 78. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: shrublands. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (F), Woytkowski 34047 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Calceolaria santolinoides Kraenzl.



Calceolaria santolinoides Kraenzl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 632; Molau, U., 1988: 150. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Calceolaria sarmentosa Kraenzl.


Calceolaria sarmentosa Kraenzl. = Calceolaria tripartita Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1361: 632; Molau, U., 1988: 261. 


$


 Calceolaria saxatilis Kunth



Calceolaria saxatilis Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 563; Molau, U., 1988: 191. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Calceolaria scabiosaefolia Roem. & Schult. in L.


Calceolaria scabiosaefolia Roem. & Schult. in L. = Calceolaria tripartita Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1361: 644; Molau, U., 1988: 261. 


$


 Calceolaria scabra Ruiz & Pav.



Calceolaria scabra Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 633; Molau, U., 1988: 147. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: grasslands. 3000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n (leg. Dombey) s.n.* (MA frag. F), Tovar  319 (MOL, US)
Departments: Ayacucho, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima.


$


 Calceolaria scandens Pennell


Calceolaria scandens Pennell = Calceolaria leptantha Pennell

Reference: FP 1361: 635; Molau, U., 1988: 196. 


$


 Calceolaria scapiflora (Ruiz & Pavon) Benth.



Calceolaria scapiflora (Ruiz & Pavon) Benth.

Synonyms: Calceolaria scapiflora Benth., Calceolaria scapiflora Pennell, Calceolaria scapiflora Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 635; Molau, U., 1988: 272. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: grasslands. 3500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Vargas 20474 (CUZ, MA)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Pasco.


$


 Calceolaria scapiflora subsp. dentifolia Pennell


Calceolaria scapiflora subsp. dentifolia Pennell = Calceolaria scapiflora (Ruiz & Pavon) Benth.

Reference: FP 1361: 635; Molau, U., 1988: 272. 


$


 Calceolaria sclerophylla Molau



Calceolaria sclerophylla Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 277. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean III: shrublands. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Molau et al. 574* (S), Weberbauer 7330 (F)
Departments: Moquegua.


$


 Calceolaria serrata Lam.



Calceolaria serrata Lam.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 636; Molau, U., 1988: 164. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Calceolaria sibthorpioides Kunth



Calceolaria sibthorpioides Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 636; Molau, U., 1988: 213. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: forests, shrublands. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Bonpland s.n.* (P), Molau 885 (CPUN, S)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Calceolaria simulans Edwin


Calceolaria simulans Edwin = Calceolaria tenuis Benth.

Reference: FP 1361: 637; Molau, U., 1988: 249. 


$


 Calceolaria solanifolia Edwin


Calceolaria solanifolia Edwin = Calceolaria moyobambae Kraenzl.

Reference: FP 1361: 638; Molau, U., 1988: 82. 


$


 Calceolaria sonchensis Pennell ex Edwin



Calceolaria sonchensis Pennell ex Edwin

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 639; Molau, U., 1988: 227. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: riversides. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Pennell 15791* (US)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Calceolaria soukupii Lopez Guillen


Calceolaria soukupii Lopez Guillen = Calceolaria tripartita Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 261. 


$


 Calceolaria sparsiflora Kuntze



Calceolaria sparsiflora Kuntze

Synonyms: Calceolaria sparsiflora Kraenzl., Calceolaria sparsiflora Kraenzl., Calceolaria sparsiflora Pennell
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 639; Molau, U., 1988: 174. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III: forests, shrublands. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Stork & Horton 10734 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Calceolaria speciosa Pennell



Calceolaria speciosa Pennell

Synonyms: Calceolaria speciosa (Pennell) Edwin
Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 107. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub, vine. Andean II-III: cloud forests. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 13816* (F), Vargas 23 (CUZ, F)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Calceolaria subscaposa Edwin


Calceolaria subscaposa Edwin = Calceolaria annua Edwin

Reference: FP 1361: 641; Molau, U., 1988: 249. 


$


 Calceolaria tenuifolia Pennell


Calceolaria tenuifolia Pennell = Calceolaria buchtieniana Kraenzl.

Reference: FP 1361: 604; Molau, U., 1988: 112. 


$


 Calceolaria tenuis Benth.



Calceolaria tenuis Benth.

Synonyms: Calceolaria tenuis Edwin
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 641; Molau, U., 1988: 249. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 1047* (K), L&oacute;pez et al. 8359 (HUT, MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima.


$


 Calceolaria ternata Molau



Calceolaria ternata Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 163. 
Ecology: Native subshrub. Andean II: shrublands. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: L&oacute;pez et al. 7718 (HUT)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Calceolaria terniflora Cav.


Calceolaria terniflora Cav. = Calceolaria glauca Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1361: 556; Molau, U., 1988: 162. 


$


 Calceolaria tetragona Benth.



Calceolaria tetragona Benth.

$


 Calceolaria tetragona subsp.endopogon (Kranzl.) Molau



Calceolaria tetragona subsp. endopogon (Kranzl.) Molau

Synonyms: Calceolaria tetragona endopogon Kranzl., Calceolaria tetragona endopogon Lopez Guillen
Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 81. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: forests, shrublands. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6136* (F), Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 8479 (HUT, MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Jun&iacute;n, Piura.


$


 Calceolaria tetragona subsp.tetragona



Calceolaria tetragona subsp. tetragona 

Synonyms: Calceolaria tetragona tetragona (Benth.) Kuntze
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 642; Molau, U., 1988: 80. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: forests, shrublands. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (BM), Edwin & Schunke 3629 (F, USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, La Libertad.


$


 Calceolaria tomentosa Ruiz & Pav.



Calceolaria tomentosa Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 642; Molau, U., 1988: 239. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: forests, rocky slopes. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Ferreyra 3738 (PH, USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad, Pasco.


$


 Calceolaria triandra (Cav.) M. Vahl


Calceolaria triandra (Cav.) M. Vahl = Porodittia triandra (Cav.) G. Don

Reference: FP 1361: 701; Molau, U., 1988: 42. 


$


 Calceolaria trifida Ruiz & Pav.


Calceolaria trifida Ruiz & Pav. = Calceolaria bicolor Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1361: 563; Molau, U., 1988: 189. 


$


 Calceolaria triloba Edwin



Calceolaria triloba Edwin

Synonyms: Calceolaria triloba Edwin
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 644; Molau, U., 1988: 216. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean II-III: forests, grasslands, shrublands. 2500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 15371* (PH), L&oacute;pez et al. 8328 (HUT, MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, La Libertad.


$


 Calceolaria trilobata Hemsl.



Calceolaria trilobata Hemsl.

$


 Calceolaria trilobata subsp.aequilateralis (Edwin) Molau



Calceolaria trilobata subsp. aequilateralis (Edwin) Molau

Synonyms: Calceolaria trilobata aequilateralis Edwin, Calceolaria trilobata aequilateralis Rosencranz
Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 242. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: forests. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 15905* (PH), Fosberg 23034 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca.


$


 Calceolaria trilobata subsp.herzogiana (Kraenzl.) Molau



Calceolaria trilobata subsp. herzogiana (Kraenzl.) Molau

Synonyms: Calceolaria trilobata herzogiana Kraenzl.
Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 243. 
Ecology. 1500-4000 m. 
Voucher: L&oacute;pez et al. 8365 (HUT, MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco.


$


 Calceolaria tripartita Ruiz & Pav.



Calceolaria tripartita Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Calceolaria tripartita Kraenzl., Calceolaria tripartita Kraenzl., Calceolaria tripartita Kraenzl., Calceolaria tripartita Lopea Guillen, Calceolaria tripartita Lopez Guillen, Calceolaria tripartita Lopez Guillen, Calceolaria tripartita Lopez Guillen, Calceolaria tripartita Lopez Guillen, Calceolaria tripartita Lopez Guillen, Calceolaria tripartita Lopez Guillen, Calceolaria tripartita Lopez Guillen, Calceolaria tripartita Lopez Guillen, Calceolaria tripartita Lopez Guillen, Calceolaria tripartita Lopez Guillen, Calceolaria tripartita Lopez Guillen, Calceolaria tripartita Lopez Guillen, Calceolaria tripartita Pennell, Calceolaria tripartita Roem. & Schult. in L., Calceolaria tripartita Willd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 644; Molau, U., 1988: 261. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III, Coastal: forests, riversides. 1500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA not found), Pennell 14406* (neotype PH)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Pasco, Piura, Puno.


$


 Calceolaria tripartita subsp. cajamarcensis Lopez Guillen


Calceolaria tripartita subsp. cajamarcensis Lopez Guillen = Calceolaria tripartita Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 261. 


$


 Calceolaria tripartita subsp. candelabris Lopea Guillen


Calceolaria tripartita subsp. candelabris Lopea Guillen = Calceolaria tripartita Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 261. 


$


 Calceolaria tripartita subsp. chumpitazii Lopez Guillen


Calceolaria tripartita subsp. chumpitazii Lopez Guillen = Calceolaria tripartita Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 261. 


$


 Calceolaria tripartita subsp. crenatifolia Lopez Guillen


Calceolaria tripartita subsp. crenatifolia Lopez Guillen = Calceolaria tripartita Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 261. 


$


 Calceolaria tripartita subsp. diversifolia Lopez Guillen


Calceolaria tripartita subsp. diversifolia Lopez Guillen = Calceolaria tripartita Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 261. 


$


 Calceolaria tripartita subsp. inaequalis Lopez Guillen


Calceolaria tripartita subsp. inaequalis Lopez Guillen = Calceolaria tripartita Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 261. 


$


 Calceolaria tripartita subsp. longipedunculata Lopez Guillen


Calceolaria tripartita subsp. longipedunculata Lopez Guillen = Calceolaria tripartita Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 261. 


$


 Calceolaria tripartita subsp. retroflexa Lopez Guillen


Calceolaria tripartita subsp. retroflexa Lopez Guillen = Calceolaria tripartita Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 261. 


$


 Calceolaria tripartita var. mandoniana (Kraenzl.) Penn.


Calceolaria tripartita var. mandoniana (Kraenzl.) Penn. = Calceolaria mandoniana Kraenzl.

Reference: FP 1361: 644; Molau, U., 1988: 259. 


$


 Calceolaria trivialis Kranzlin


Calceolaria trivialis Kranzlin = Calceolaria virgata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 156. 


$


 Calceolaria truxillensis Lopez Guillen


Calceolaria truxillensis Lopez Guillen = Calceolaria cajabambae Kraenzl.

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 139. 


$


 Calceolaria truxillensis subsp. pivotiformis Lopez Guillen


Calceolaria truxillensis subsp. pivotiformis Lopez Guillen = Calceolaria cajabambae Kraenzl.

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 139. 


$


 Calceolaria uniflora Ruiz & Pav.


Calceolaria uniflora Ruiz & Pav. = Calceolaria virgata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 156. 


$


 Calceolaria urubambae Kraenzl.


Calceolaria urubambae Kraenzl. = Calceolaria engleriana subsp. engleriana 

Reference: FP 1361: 587; Molau, U., 1988: 104. 


$


 Calceolaria utricularioides Benth.



Calceolaria utricularioides Benth.

Synonyms: Calceolaria utricularioides Edwin
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 647; Molau, U., 1988: 286. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I-III: forests, lomas. 500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 473* (K), Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 6378 (HUT, MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, Lima, La Libertad, Piura.


$


 Calceolaria vaccinioides Kranzlin



Calceolaria vaccinioides Kranzlin

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 55. 
Ecology: Native vine. Andean II-III: cloud forests. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Molau 768* (S, USM), Metcalf 30481 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Puno.


$


 Calceolaria variifolia Edwin



Calceolaria variifolia Edwin

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 648; Molau, U., 1988: 164. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, subshrub. Andean I-II, Coastal: shrublands. 1000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Pennell & Ferreyra 14916* (US), Hutchison & Bismarck 6339 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Cajamarca, Piura.


$


 Calceolaria velardei Lopez Guillen


Calceolaria velardei Lopez Guillen = Calceolaria tripartita Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 261. 


$


 Calceolaria velutinoides Edwin



Calceolaria velutinoides Edwin

Synonyms: Calceolaria velutinoides Edwin
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 648; Molau, U., 1988: 165. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean II: forests, rocky slopes, shrublands. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 15555* (US), Wurdack 454 (F)
Departments: Amazonas, La Libertad.


$


 Calceolaria verticillata Ruiz & Pav.


Calceolaria verticillata Ruiz & Pav. = Calceolaria angustiflora Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1361: 649; Molau, U., 1988: 182. 


$


 Calceolaria viminalis Kraenzl.


Calceolaria viminalis Kraenzl. = Calceolaria engleriana subsp. engleriana 

Reference: FP 1361: 587; Molau, U., 1988: 104. 


$


 Calceolaria virgata fo. llamaensis Edwin


Calceolaria virgata fo. llamaensis Edwin = Calceolaria llamaensis (Edwin) Molau

Reference: FP 1361: 652; Molau, U., 1988: 161. 


$


 Calceolaria virgata fo.virgata



Calceolaria virgata fo. virgata 

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 650. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Calceolaria virgata Ruiz & Pav.



Calceolaria virgata Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Calceolaria virgata Edwin, Calceolaria virgata Griseb., Calceolaria virgata Kraenzl., Calceolaria virgata Kranzlin, Calceolaria virgata Kranzlin, Calceolaria virgata Ruiz & Pav., Calceolaria virgata Skan
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 650; Molau, U., 1988: 156. 
Ecology: Native subshrub. Andean II-III, Coastal: forests, shrublands. 1500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA frag. F), Hutchison & Wright 5740 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Pasco, Piura.


$


 Calceolaria viscosa Ruiz & Pav.



Calceolaria viscosa Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Calceolaria viscosa Edwin, Calceolaria viscosa Kraenzl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 652; Molau, U., 1988: 83. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: forests, shrublands. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (F), L&oacute;pez & Sag&aacute;stegui 8166 (MO!, HUT)
Departments: Ancash, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Calceolaria vulpina Kranzl.



Calceolaria vulpina Kranzl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 653; Molau, U., 1988: 67. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 3000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6551* (MOL!, US), Killip & Smith 22143 (US)
Departments: Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Calceolaria weberbaueriana Kraenzl.



Calceolaria weberbaueriana Kraenzl.

Synonyms: Calceolaria weberbaueriana Edwin, Calceolaria weberbaueriana Kraenzl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 653; Molau, U., 1988: 152. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, subshrub. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands. 3000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 3284* (F, MOL!), L&oacute;pez et al. 7443 (HUT, MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, La Libertad, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Calceolaria witasekiana Kraenzl.


Calceolaria witasekiana Kraenzl. = Calceolaria atahualpae subsp. witasekiana (Kraenzl.) Molau

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 54. 


$


 Calceolaria yolandae Lopez Guillen


Calceolaria yolandae Lopez Guillen = Calceolaria chaetostemon Pennell

Reference: Molau, U., 1988: 203. 


$



$


 Calceolaria zanatilla Kraenzl.


Calceolaria zanatilla Kraenzl. = Calceolaria boliviana (Britton ex Rusby) Pennell

Reference: FP 1361: 566; Molau, U., 1988: 108. 


$


 Caldasia andicola Lag. ex DC.


Caldasia andicola Lag. ex DC. = Oreomyrrhis andicola (Kunth) Hook. f.

Reference: FP 1293: 85; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1953: 365; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 57. 


$


 Caldasia chaerophyllaea DC.


Caldasia chaerophyllaea DC. = Oreomyrrhis andicola (Kunth) Hook. f.

Reference: FP 1293: 85; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1953: 365; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 57. 


$


 Caldasia chaerophyllaea var. glabriuscula DC.


Caldasia chaerophyllaea var. glabriuscula DC. = Oreomyrrhis andicola (Kunth) Hook. f.

Reference: FP 1293: 85; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1953: 365; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 57. 


$


 Caldasia chaerophyllaea var. hirsuta DC.


Caldasia chaerophyllaea var. hirsuta DC. = Oreomyrrhis andicola (Kunth) Hook. f.

Reference: FP 1293: 85; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1953: 365; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 57. 


$


 Caldasia chaerophylloides Lag.


Caldasia chaerophylloides Lag. = Oreomyrrhis andicola (Kunth) Hook. f.

Reference: FP 1293: 85; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1953: 365; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 57. 


$


 Caldasia lasiopetala Lag. ex DC.


Caldasia lasiopetala Lag. ex DC. = Oreomyrrhis andicola (Kunth) Hook. f.

Reference: FP 1293: 85; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1953: 365; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 57. 


$


 Calea aspera Jacq.


Calea aspera Jacq. = Melanthera aspera (Jacq.) Small

$


 Calea coriacea DC.



Calea coriacea DC.

$


 Calea jelskii Hieron.



Calea jelskii Hieron.

Reference: Hieronymus, G., 1905: 496. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, grasslands. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Jelski 743* (frag. US), Dillon et al. 2880 (F!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Calea montana Klatt



Calea montana Klatt

$


 Calea szyszylowiczii Hieron.



Calea szyszylowiczii Hieron.

Reference: Hieronymus, G., 1905: 497. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: shrublands. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Jelski 651* & 744* (B syntypes), Hutchison & Wright 3950 (NY, UC)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Calea ulei Hieron.



Calea ulei Hieron.

Reference: Hieronymus, G., 1906: 204. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I: forests. . 
Voucher: Ule 6380* (F!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Calea umbellulata Hochr.



Calea umbellulata Hochr.

$


 Caliphruria castelnaeana Baill.


Caliphruria castelnaeana Baill. = Eucharis castelnaeana (Baill.) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 1190: 674; Meerow, A. W., 1989: 201. 


$


 Caliphruria korsakoffii (Traub) Meerow



Caliphruria korsakoffii (Traub) Meerow

Synonyms: Caliphruria korsakoffii Traub
Reference: Meerow, A. W., 1989: 217. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I: forests. 1000-1500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Traub 1060* (MO)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Callaeum antifebrile (Griseb.) D.M. Johnson



Callaeum antifebrile (Griseb.) D.M. Johnson

Synonyms: Callaeum antifebrile (Griseb.) Nied., Callaeum antifebrile Griseb., Callaeum antifebrile Nied.
Reference: Johnson, D. M., 1986: 349. 
Ecology: Cultivated liana, shrub, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, riversides. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA photo F), Mexia 6330 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lima, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Callaeum psilophyllum (A. Juss.) D. M. Johnson



Callaeum psilophyllum (A. Juss.) D. M. Johnson

Synonyms: Callaeum psilophyllum (A. Juss.) Griseb., Callaeum psilophyllum A. Juss.
Reference: Johnson, D. M., 1986: 351. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Callaeum reticulatum D.M. Johnson



Callaeum reticulatum D.M. Johnson

Reference: Johnson, D. M., 1986: 348. 
Ecology: Native liana, vine. Andean I, Coastal: forests, riversides, rocky slopes. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 3387* (MO!), Woytkowski 5664 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Piura.


$


 Calliandra amazonica Benth.


Calliandra amazonica Benth. = Zapoteca amazonica (Benth.) H. Hern&aacute;ndez

Reference: FP 21: 67; Hern&aacute;ndez, H. M., 1989: 858. 


$


 Calliandra angustifolia Spruce ex Benth.



Calliandra angustifolia Spruce ex Benth.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 68; Brunner, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree, treelet. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, riversides. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Smith 2822 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Calliandra bombycina Spruce ex Benth.



Calliandra bombycina Spruce ex Benth.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 68. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, semi-deciduous forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Spruce 4235* (K), Knapp et al. 7045 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Calliandra caracasana (Jacq.) Benth.


Calliandra caracasana (Jacq.) Benth. = Zapoteca caracasana (Jacq.) H.M. Hern. subsp. caracasana 

Reference: FP 21: 69; Hern&aacute;ndez, H. M., 1989: 828. 


$


 Calliandra carbonaria Benth.



Calliandra carbonaria Benth.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 69; Silva, M. de A., 1980: 14; Brunner, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: riversides, rocky slopes, seasonally inundated areas, terra firme forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Foster & d'Achille 11989 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Calliandra chotanoana Harms



Calliandra chotanoana Harms

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 70. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean I: forests. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7123* (B photo F), Hutchison & Wright 5869 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca.


$


 Calliandra cumingii Benth.



Calliandra cumingii Benth.

Synonyms: Calliandra cumingii M. Martens & Galeotti
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 70; Schery, R. W., 1950: 262. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   
Voucher: Mathews s.n. (K)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Calliandra decrescens Killip & J.F. Macbr.



Calliandra decrescens Killip & J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 71. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Klug 152* (US), Macbride 791 (F)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Calliandra expansa Benth.



Calliandra expansa Benth.

Synonyms: Calliandra expansa Pav. ex Benth.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 71. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 11741 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Hu&aacute;nuco, La Libertad.


$


 Calliandra filipes Benth.


Calliandra filipes Benth. = Zapoteca filipes (Benth.) H. Hern&aacute;ndez

Reference: FP 21: 71; Hern&aacute;ndez, H. M., 1989: 818. 


$


 Calliandra flavida Urb.


Calliandra flavida Urb. = Zapoteca portoricensis subsp. flavida (Urb.) H.M. Hern.

Reference: Hern&aacute;ndez, H. M., 1989: 825. 


$


 Calliandra latifolia (L.) Griseb.


Calliandra latifolia (L.) Griseb. = Zygia latifolia (L.) Fawc. & Rendle

Reference: Rico, pers. comm.. 


$


 Calliandra magdalenae (Bertero ex DC.) Benth.



Calliandra magdalenae (Bertero ex DC.) Benth.

Synonyms: Calliandra magdalenae (Bertero ex DC.) Britton & Rose, Calliandra magdalenae Bertero ex DC.
Reference: Schery, R. W., 1950: 259. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests, riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Foster & d'Achille 10074 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Pasco.


$


 Calliandra mollissima (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Benth.



Calliandra mollissima (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Benth.

Synonyms: Calliandra mollissima (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Poir., Calliandra mollissima Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 72. 
Ecology: Native shrub, treelet. Andean II: rocky slopes, shrublands. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Bonpland s.n.* (P-H&B), Macbride 7134 (F)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Calliandra portoricensis (Jacq.) Benth.


Calliandra portoricensis (Jacq.) Benth. = Zapoteca portoricensis var. portoricensis 

Reference: FP 21: 72; Hern&aacute;ndez, H. M., 1989: 818. 


$


 Calliandra prostrata Benth.



Calliandra prostrata Benth.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 73; Gutte, G, K. M&uuml;ller & C. M&uuml;ller, 1986: 193. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean I-II, Coastal: forests, lomas. 500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Maclean s.n.* (K), Dillon & Dillon 3936 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Lima.


$


 Calliandra rotundifolia Killip & J.F. Macbr.



Calliandra rotundifolia Killip & J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 73. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Klug 421* (US)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Calliandra saman (Jacq.) Griseb.


Calliandra saman (Jacq.) Griseb. = Albizia saman (Jacq.) F. Muell.

Reference: Rico, pers. comm.. 


$


 Calliandra subnervosa Benth.



Calliandra subnervosa Benth.

$


 Calliandra tenuiflora Benth.



Calliandra tenuiflora Benth.

Reference: Ducke, A., 1949: 50; Silva, M. de A., 1980: 30; Roosmalen, M. G. M. van, 1985: 230. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Huashikat 1273 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Pasco.


$


 Calliandra tumbeziana J.F. Macbr.



Calliandra tumbeziana J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 73. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, treelet. Andean II: forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7677* (F), V&aacute;squez & Vargas 7991 (USM!)
Departments: Tumbes.


$


 Calliandra weberbaueri Harms


Calliandra weberbaueri Harms = Zapoteca caracasana subsp. weberbaueri (Harms) H.M. Hern.

Reference: FP 21: 72; Hern&aacute;ndez, H. M., 1989: 832. 


$


 Callicarpa acuminata Kunth



Callicarpa acuminata Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 701; L&oacute;pez-Palacios, S., 1977: 217. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Croat 51101 (M0!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Callicarpa cordifolia Ruiz & Pav.


Callicarpa cordifolia Ruiz & Pav. = Aegiphila cordifolia (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Moldenke

Reference: FP 1286: 706. 


$


 Callicarpa globiflora Ruiz & Pav.


Callicarpa globiflora Ruiz & Pav. = Aegiphila integrifolia var. integrifolia 

Reference: FP 1286: 711; L&oacute;pez-Palacios, S., 1977: 87. 


$


 Callicarpa integrifolia Jacq.


Callicarpa integrifolia Jacq. = Aegiphila integrifolia (Jacq.) Jacq. ex B.D. Jacks.

Reference: FP 1286: 711; L&oacute;pez-Palacios, S., 1977: 87. 


$


 Callicarpa longifolia Lam.



Callicarpa longifolia Lam.

Reference: Bailey, L. & E. Bailey, 1976: 201. 
Ecology: Cultivated shrub. Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 8911 (MO!)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Callichlamys latifolia (Richard) Schum.



Callichlamys latifolia (Richard) Schum.

Synonyms: Callichlamys latifolia Richard
Reference: Flora Peru: 1362: 56; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 121. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Klug 4203 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Callipsyche eucrosioides Herbert


Callipsyche eucrosioides Herbert = Eucrosia eucrosioides (Herbert) Pax

Reference: FP 1190: 689; Meerow, A. W., 1987: 485. 


$


 Callipsyche mexicana M. Roem.


Callipsyche mexicana M. Roem. = Eucrosia eucrosioides (Herbert) Pax

Reference: FP 1190: 689. 


$


 Callipsyche mirabilis Baker


Callipsyche mirabilis Baker = Eucrosia mirabilis (Baker) Pax

Reference: Meerow, A. W., 1987: 484. 


$


 Callisia cordifolia (Sw.) E.S. Anderson & Woodson



Callisia cordifolia (Sw.) E.S. Anderson & Woodson

Synonyms: Callisia cordifolia (Sw.) Rohweder, Callisia cordifolia Sw.


$


 Callisia gracilis (Kunth) D.R. Hunt



Callisia gracilis (Kunth) D.R. Hunt

Synonyms: Callisia gracilis Kunth
Reference: Faden, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 7346 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Callisia monandra (Sw.) Schultes f.



Callisia monandra (Sw.) Schultes f.

Synonyms: Callisia monandra (Sw.) H. Moore, Callisia monandra Sw.


$


 Callisia repens (Jacq.) L.



Callisia repens (Jacq.) L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1181: 606. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: forests, rocky slopes. 500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 6043 (NY!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Callithauma angustifolium Herbert


Callithauma angustifolium Herbert = Stenomesson viridiflorum (Ruiz & Pav.) Benth. & Hook. f.

$


 Callithauma spathulatum Herbert


Callithauma spathulatum Herbert = Rauhia multiflora (Kunth) Ravenna

Reference: FP 1190: 683; Ravenna, P., 1969: 61. 


$


 Callithauma viridiflorum (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Herbert


Callithauma viridiflorum (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Herbert = Stenomesson viridiflorum (Ruiz & Pav.) Benth. & Hook. f.

Reference: FP 1190: 683. 


$


 Callithauma viridiflorum var. elwesii Baker


Callithauma viridiflorum var. elwesii Baker = Stenomesson elwesii (Baker) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 1190: 679. 


$


 Callitriche deflexa A. Braun ex Hegelm.



Callitriche deflexa A. Braun ex Hegelm.

Synonyms: Callitriche deflexa (Engelman) Hegelmaier, Callitriche deflexa Fassett
Reference: Flora Peru: 675: 236; Fassett, N. C., 1951: 148. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Callitriche deflexa var. austinii (Engelman) Hegelmaier


Callitriche deflexa var. austinii (Engelman) Hegelmaier = Callitriche deflexa A. Braun ex Hegelm.

Reference: FP 675: 236. 
Note: NN  


$


 Callitriche deflexa var. subsessilis Fassett


Callitriche deflexa var. subsessilis Fassett = Callitriche deflexa A. Braun ex Hegelm.

Reference: FP 675: 236; Fassett, N. C., 1951: 150. 
Note: NN  


$


 Callitriche heteropoda Engelm. ex Hegelm.



Callitriche heteropoda Engelm. ex Hegelm.

Reference: Flora Peru: 675: 236; Fassett, N. C., 1951: 172. 
Ecology: Native aquatic herb. Andean II-III: floating, submerged. 3000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 23490 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Puno.


$


 Callitriche nubigena Fassett



Callitriche nubigena Fassett

Reference: Fassett, N. C., 1951: 191. 
Ecology: Native aquatic herb. Andean II: submerged. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Smith et al. 11741 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash.


$


 Callitriche terrestris Raf.



Callitriche terrestris Raf.

$


 Callitriche terrestris subsp.turfosa (Bert. emend. Hegelm.) Bacig.



Callitriche terrestris subsp. turfosa (Bert. emend. Hegelm.) Bacig.

Synonyms: Callitriche terrestris turfosa Bert. emend. Hegelm., Callitriche terrestris turfosa Bert. nom. nud.
Reference: Bacigalupo, N. M., 1979: 392; Philbrick, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native aquatic herb. Region uncertain: submerged. . 
Note: The Flora of Peru lists this taxon at the specific level, where as Bacigalupo (1979) considers it better placed at the subspecific level. 
Voucher: Guette 1664 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Lima.


$


 Callitriche turfosa Bert. emend. Hegelm.


Callitriche turfosa Bert. emend. Hegelm. = Callitriche terrestris subsp. turfosa (Bert. emend. Hegelm.) Bacig.

Reference: FP 675: 237; Fassett, N. C., 1951: 147; Bacigalupo, N. M., 1979: 392. 


$


 Callitriche turfosa Bert. nom. nud.


Callitriche turfosa Bert. nom. nud. = Callitriche terrestris subsp. turfosa (Bert. emend. Hegelm.) Bacig.

Reference: FP 675: 237; Fassett, N. C., 1951: 147; Bacigalupo, N. M., 1979: 392. 


$


 Calocarpum buchananifolium (Pierre) Dubard


Calocarpum buchananifolium (Pierre) Dubard = Pouteria procera (Martius) T.D. Penn.

Reference: FP 1297: 138; Pennington, T. D., 1990: 504. 


$


 Calonyction aculeatum (L.) House


Calonyction aculeatum (L.) House = Ipomoea alba L.

Reference: FP 1344: 485; Austin, D. F., 1982: 35; Austin, D. F., 1985: 29. 


$


 Calonyction clavatum Don


Calonyction clavatum Don = Ipomoea clavata (Don) Ooststr. ex J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 1344: 490; Austin, D. F., 1985: 31. 


$


 Calonyction pteripes Don


Calonyction pteripes Don = Operculina pteripes (Don) O'Donell

Reference: FP 1344: 479. 


$


 Calophanes ciliatus Nees


Calophanes ciliatus Nees = Dyschoriste ciliata (Nees) Kuntze

Reference: Kobuski, C., 1928: 48. 


$


 Calophanes repens Nees


Calophanes repens Nees = Dyschoriste repens (Nees) Kuntze

Reference: Kobuski, C., 1928: 52. 


$


 Calophyllum brasiliense Cambess.



Calophyllum brasiliense Cambess.

Reference: Engler, A., 1878: 398. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas, terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry 51137 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Calophyllum longifolium Kunth



Calophyllum longifolium Kunth

$


 Calophyllum madruno Kunth


Calophyllum madruno Kunth = Garcinia madruno (Kunth) Hammel

Reference: Hammel, B., 1989: 928. 


$


 Calophysa dentata Triana


Calophysa dentata Triana = Clidemia sprucei Gleason

Reference: FP 761: 494; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 295. 


$


 Calophysa dispar (O. Berg) Triana


Calophysa dispar (O. Berg) Triana = Clidemia dimorphica J.F. Macbr.

$


 Calophysa heterophylla (Desrousseaux) Triana


Calophysa heterophylla (Desrousseaux) Triana = Clidemia heterophylla (Desr. in Lamarck) Gleason

$


 Calophysa tococoidea DC.


Calophysa tococoidea DC. = Clidemia tococoidea (DC.) Gleason

Reference: FP 761: 495; Wurdack, J. J., 1960: 241. 
Note: NN  


$


 Caloplectus macrophyllus Oerst.


Caloplectus macrophyllus Oerst. = Drymonia macrophylla (Oerst.) H.E. Moore

$


 Calopogonium caeruleum (Benth.) Sauvalle



Calopogonium caeruleum (Benth.) Sauvalle

Synonyms: Calopogonium caeruleum Benth.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 336; Carvalho-Okano, R. M. de & H. de H. Leitao Filho, 1985: 35; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 266. 
Ecology: Native subshrub, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: riversides. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 6188 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Puno, Ucayali.


$


 Calopogonium galactioides (Kunth) Benth. ex Hemsl.



Calopogonium galactioides (Kunth) Benth. ex Hemsl.

Synonyms: Calopogonium galactioides (Kunth) Benth., Calopogonium galactioides (Kunth) DC., Calopogonium galactioides Kunth
Reference: Carvalho-Okano, R. M. de & H. de H. Leitao Filho, 1985: 36. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 6000 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Calopogonium mucunoides Desv.



Calopogonium mucunoides Desv.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 336; Carvalho-Okano, R. M. de & H. de H. Leitao Filho, 1985: 32; Duke, J. A., 1981: 37; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 266. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Dudley 10031 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Calostigma peruvianum Markgr.



Calostigma peruvianum Markgr.

Reference: Markgraf, F., 1933: 788. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA photo F!)


$


 Calotheca macrostachya J. Presl


Calotheca macrostachya J. Presl = Chascolytrum erectum (Lam.) Desv.

Reference: Matthei, O., 1975: 69. 


$


 Calotheca microstachya J. Presl


Calotheca microstachya J. Presl = Chascolytrum subaristatum (Lam.) Desv.

Reference: Matthei, O., 1975: 79. 


$


 Calotheca reniformis J. Presl


Calotheca reniformis J. Presl = Chascolytrum subaristatum (Lam.) Desv.

Reference: Matthei, O., 1975: 79. 


$


 Calotheca stricta var. mandoniana Griseb.


Calotheca stricta var. mandoniana Griseb. = Poidium monandrum (Hack.) Matthei

Reference: FP 719: 129; Matthei, O., 1975: 103. 


$


 Caltha alata A.W. Hill


Caltha alata A.W. Hill = Caltha sagittata Cav.

Reference: FP 1272: 661; Lourteig, A., 1956: 52. 


$


 Caltha sagittata Cav.



Caltha sagittata Cav.

Synonyms: Caltha sagittata A.W. Hill
Reference: Flora Peru: 1272: 661; Lourteig, A., 1956: 52. 
Ecology.  > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Stafford 704 (K)
Departments: Puno.


$


 Calycera pulvinata J. Remy



Calycera pulvinata J. Remy

Synonyms: Calycera pulvinata (J. Remy) Miers
Reference: Flora Peru: 1382: 490. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: riversides. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Asplund 2605 (A)
Departments: Cuzco, Puno.


$


 Calycobolus sericeus (Kunth) House



Calycobolus sericeus (Kunth) House

Synonyms: Calycobolus sericeus (Kunth) Choisy, Calycobolus sericeus Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 1344: 478. 
Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry 58615 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Ucayali.


$


 Calycolpus calophyllus (Kunth) O. Berg



Calycolpus calophyllus (Kunth) O. Berg

Synonyms: Calycolpus calophyllus Kunth
Reference: McVaugh, R., 1969: 241. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 11771 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Calycolpus moritzianus (O. Berg) Burret



Calycolpus moritzianus (O. Berg) Burret

Synonyms: Calycolpus moritzianus McVaugh, Calycolpus moritzianus O. Berg
Reference: Flora Peru: 760: 791; Landrum, L. R., 1989: 13. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Calycolpus roraimensis Steyerm.



Calycolpus roraimensis Steyerm.

Reference: McVaugh, R., 1969: 245. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & N&uacute;&ntilde;ez 69605 (MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios.


$


 Calycophyllum acreanum Ducke


Calycophyllum acreanum Ducke = Remijia megistocaula Krause

Reference: Ducke, A., 1935: 70. 


$



$


 Calycophyllum obovatum (Ducke) Ducke



Calycophyllum obovatum (Ducke) Ducke

Synonyms: Calycophyllum obovatum Ducke
Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 197. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests on white sand. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & Aronson 25307 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto.


$


 Calycophyllum spruceanum (Benth.) Hook. f. ex K. Schum.



Calycophyllum spruceanum (Benth.) Hook. f. ex K. Schum.

Synonyms: Calycophyllum spruceanum Benth.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 49; Standley, P. C., 1931: 276. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 41407 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Calycophyllum stanleyanum Schomb.


Calycophyllum stanleyanum Schomb. = Wittmackanthus stanleyanus (Schomb.) Kuntze

Reference: Steyermark, J. A. & J. H. Kirkbride Jr., 1975: 508. 


$


 Calycophyllum tubulosum DC.


Calycophyllum tubulosum DC. = Pogonopus tubulosus (DC.) Schumann

Reference: FP 1365: 55; Standley, P. C., 1931: 277. 


$


 Calycophysum pedunculatum H. Karst. & Triana



Calycophysum pedunculatum H. Karst. & Triana

Reference: Jeffrey, C., 1971: 193. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 6579 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Calycophysum weberbaueri Harms



Calycophysum weberbaueri Harms

Reference: Flora Peru: 1379: 363; Jeffrey, C., 1971: 194. 
Ecology: Endemic liana. Andean II: forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 7926* (B)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Calycorectes macrocalyx Rusby


Calycorectes macrocalyx Rusby = Eugenia macrocalyx (Rusby) McVaugh

Reference: FP 760: 709; McVaugh, R., 1969: 192. 


$


 Calycorectes wurdackii McVaugh



Calycorectes wurdackii McVaugh

Reference: McVaugh, R., 1969: 225. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Wurdack 2399* (F!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Calymenia viscosa (Cav.) Pers.


Calymenia viscosa (Cav.) Pers. = Mirabilis viscosa Cav.

Reference: FP 1258: 545. 


$


 Calymmanthium fertile F. Ritter



Calymmanthium fertile F. Ritter

Reference: Ritter, F., 1966: 117; Ritter, F., 1981: 1266; Hunt, D., 1992: 39. 
Ecology: Endemic Erect, branched cactus. Andean I: dry valleys. 500-1000 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Ritter 1295* (U)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Calymmanthium substerile F. Ritter



Calymmanthium substerile F. Ritter

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1263; Hunt, D., 1992: 39. 
Ecology: Endemic Erect, branched or columnar cactus. Andean I: dry valleys, rocky slopes. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ritter 315* (ZSS)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Calyplectus acuminatus Ruiz & Pav.


Calyplectus acuminatus Ruiz & Pav. = Lafoensia acuminata (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.

Reference: FP 753: 219; Lourteig, A., 1985: 146; Lourteig, A., 1989: 34. 


$


 Calyptranthes bipennis O. Berg



Calyptranthes bipennis O. Berg

Reference: Flora Peru: 760: 597. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Croat 18466 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Calyptranthes brevispicata McVaugh



Calyptranthes brevispicata McVaugh

Reference: Flora Peru: 760: 598; McVaugh, R., 1956: 181. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Klug 2040* (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Calyptranthes crebra McVaugh



Calyptranthes crebra McVaugh

Reference: Flora Peru: 760: 599; McVaugh, R., 1956: 181. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian: forests on white sand. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 78* (F!), V&aacute;squez et al. 8090 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Calyptranthes cuspidata DC.



Calyptranthes cuspidata DC.

Reference: Flora Peru: 760: 600. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Croat 17758 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Calyptranthes densiflora Poepp. ex O. Berg



Calyptranthes densiflora Poepp. ex O. Berg

Reference: Flora Peru: 760: 600. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: terra firme forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 2019* (frag. F!), Barbour 5483 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Calyptranthes fragrans Ruiz ex O. Berg


Calyptranthes fragrans Ruiz ex O. Berg = Calyptranthes paniculata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 760: 606. 


$


 Calyptranthes gigantifolia McVaugh


Calyptranthes gigantifolia McVaugh = Calyptranthes speciosa var. gigantifolia (McVaugh) McVaugh

Reference: FP 760: 613. 


$


 Calyptranthes krugioides McVaugh



Calyptranthes krugioides McVaugh

Reference: Flora Peru: 760: 601; McVaugh, R., 1956: 182. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Williams 3675* (F!), Torres 920 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Calyptranthes longifolia O. Berg



Calyptranthes longifolia O. Berg

Synonyms: Calyptranthes longifolia Diels
Reference: Flora Peru: 760: 602. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: seasonally inundated areas, terra firme forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 2162* (frag. F!), V&aacute;squez 4863 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Calyptranthes macrophylla O. Berg



Calyptranthes macrophylla O. Berg

Reference: Flora Peru: 760: 603; McVaugh, R., 1958: 75. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Pipoly et al. 12749 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Calyptranthes maxima McVaugh



Calyptranthes maxima McVaugh

Reference: Flora Peru: 760: 604; McVaugh, R., 1956: 182. 
Ecology. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry 43416 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, Puno.


$


 Calyptranthes multiflora O. Berg



Calyptranthes multiflora O. Berg

Synonyms: Calyptranthes multiflora O. Berg
Reference: Flora Peru: 760: 605; McVaugh, R., 1969: 74. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Williams 1089 (F!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Calyptranthes paniculata Ruiz & Pav.



Calyptranthes paniculata Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Calyptranthes paniculata Ruiz ex O. Berg
Reference: Flora Peru: 760: 606; McVaugh, R., 1958: 75. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Ruiz s.n.* (F!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Calyptranthes pleophlebia Diels


Calyptranthes pleophlebia Diels = Calyptranthes longifolia O. Berg

Reference: FP 760: 602. 


$


 Calyptranthes plicata McVaugh



Calyptranthes plicata McVaugh

Reference: Flora Peru: 760: 607; McVaugh, R., 1956: 182. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests on white sand, seasonally inundated areas, terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ancuash 194 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Calyptranthes poeppigiana O. Berg


Calyptranthes poeppigiana O. Berg = Calyptranthes multiflora O. Berg

Reference: FP 760: 605; McVaugh, R., 1958: 75. 


$


 Calyptranthes pulchella DC.



Calyptranthes pulchella DC.

Reference: Flora Peru: 760: 608; McVaugh, R., 1958: 76. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Wright 10942 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Calyptranthes pullei Burret ex Amshoff



Calyptranthes pullei Burret ex Amshoff

Reference: McVaugh, R., 1958: 77. 
Ecology: Native treelet. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: D&iacute;az & Jaramillo 1520 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Calyptranthes rufotomentosa McVaugh



Calyptranthes rufotomentosa McVaugh

Reference: Flora Peru: 760: 609; McVaugh, R., 1956: 183. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Calyptranthes ruiziana O. Berg



Calyptranthes ruiziana O. Berg

Reference: Flora Peru: 760: 610. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests, riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz s.n.* (US!), V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 11614 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Calyptranthes sessilis McVaugh



Calyptranthes sessilis McVaugh

Reference: Flora Peru: 760: 611; McVaugh, R., 1956: 183. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Williams 4583* (F!), Killip & Smith 27603 (F!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Calyptranthes simulata McVaugh



Calyptranthes simulata McVaugh

Reference: Flora Peru: 760: 612; McVaugh, R., 1956: 184. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests on white sand, seasonally inundated areas, terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 1614* (MO!), Gentry et al. 29906 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Calyptranthes speciosa Sagot



Calyptranthes speciosa Sagot

$


 Calyptranthes speciosa var.gigantifolia (McVaugh) McVaugh



Calyptranthes speciosa var. gigantifolia (McVaugh) McVaugh

Synonyms: Calyptranthes speciosa gigantifolia McVaugh
Reference: Flora Peru: 760: 613; McVaugh, R., 1956: 181. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Klug 4277* (MO!), V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 9120 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Calyptranthes speciosa var.speciosa



Calyptranthes speciosa var. speciosa 

Reference: McVaugh, R., 1958: 79. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree, treelet. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Barbour 5485 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.


$


 Calyptranthes tessmannii Burret ex McVaugh



Calyptranthes tessmannii Burret ex McVaugh

Reference: Flora Peru: 760: 614; McVaugh, R., 1956: 184. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Tessmann 4832* (frag. F!), Gr&aacute;ndez et al. 1558 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto.


$


 Calyptranthes tridymantha Diels



Calyptranthes tridymantha Diels

Reference: Flora Peru: 760: 615. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Calyptrella cucullata (Pav. ex D. Don) Triana


Calyptrella cucullata (Pav. ex D. Don) Triana = Graffenrieda cucullata (Pav. ex D. Don) L.O. Williams

Reference: FP 761: 325; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 44. 


$


 Calyptrella gracilis Triana


Calyptrella gracilis Triana = Graffenrieda gracilis (Triana) L.O. Williams

Reference: FP 761: 325; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 43. 


$


 Calyptrella robusta Cogn.


Calyptrella robusta Cogn. = Graffenrieda robusta (Cogn.) L.O. Williams

Reference: FP 761: 326; Williams, L. O., 1963: 564. 


$


 Calyptrella tristis Triana


Calyptrella tristis Triana = Graffenrieda tristis (Triana) L.O. Williams

Reference: FP 761: 326; Williams, L. O., 1963: 564. 


$


 Calyptrocarya angustifolia Nees


Calyptrocarya angustifolia Nees = Calyptrocarya glomerulata (Brongn.) Urb.

Reference: FP 735: 313. 


$


 Calyptrocarya bicolor (H. Pfeiff.) T. Koyama



Calyptrocarya bicolor (H. Pfeiff.) T. Koyama

Synonyms: Calyptrocarya bicolor H. Pfeiff.
Reference: Flora Peru: 735: 313; Koyama, T., 1967: 43. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 29992 (NY!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Calyptrocarya fragifera Kunth


Calyptrocarya fragifera Kunth = Calyptrocarya glomerulata (Brongn.) Urb.

Reference: FP 735: 313; Koyama, T., 1967: 44. 


$


 Calyptrocarya glomerulata (Brongn.) Urb.



Calyptrocarya glomerulata (Brongn.) Urb.

Synonyms: Calyptrocarya glomerulata Brongn., Calyptrocarya glomerulata Kunth, Calyptrocarya glomerulata Nees
Reference: Flora Peru: 735: 313; Koyama, T., 1967: 44. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Barbour 4782 (NY!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Calyptrocarya luzuliformis T. Koyama



Calyptrocarya luzuliformis T. Koyama

Reference: Koyama, T., 1967: 44. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz 1259 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Calyptrocarya poeppigiana Kunth



Calyptrocarya poeppigiana Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 735: 313; Koyama, T., 1967: 41. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* , Schunke 10874 (NY!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Calyptrogyne synanthera (Mart.) Burret


Calyptrogyne synanthera (Mart.) Burret = Pholidostachys synanthera (Mart.) H.E. Moore

Reference: FP 39695: 334. 


$


 Calyptrogyne weberbaueri Burret


Calyptrogyne weberbaueri Burret = Pholidostachys synanthera (Mart.) H.E. Moore

Reference: FP 39695: 334. 


$


 Calyptromyrcia elegans (DC.) O. Berg


Calyptromyrcia elegans (DC.) O. Berg = Myrcia guianensis (Aubl.) DC.

Reference: FP 760: 628; McVaugh, R., 1969: 91. 


$


 Calyptromyrcia spixiana (DC.) O. Berg


Calyptromyrcia spixiana (DC.) O. Berg = Myrcia guianensis (Aubl.) DC.

Reference: FP 760: 628; McVaugh, R., 1969: 91. 


$


 Calyptronoma synanthera (Mart.) L.H. Bailey


Calyptronoma synanthera (Mart.) L.H. Bailey = Pholidostachys synanthera (Mart.) H.E. Moore

Reference: FP 39695: 334. 


$


 Calyptronoma weberbaueri (Burret) L.H. Bailey


Calyptronoma weberbaueri (Burret) L.H. Bailey = Pholidostachys synanthera (Mart.) H.E. Moore

Reference: FP 39695: 334. 


$


 Calystegia sepium (L.) R. Br.



Calystegia sepium (L.) R. Br.

Synonyms: Calystegia sepium L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1344: 525. 
Ecology: Introduced vine. Coastal: disturbed areas, swamps. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Goodspeed 11341 (MO!)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Calystegia setifera (Poir. in Lam.) Meisn. in Mart.


Calystegia setifera (Poir. in Lam.) Meisn. in Mart. = Ipomoea setifera Poir. in Lam.

Reference: FP 1344: 506. 


$


 Calytriplex obovata Ruiz & Pav.


Calytriplex obovata Ruiz & Pav. = Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell

Reference: FP 1361: 480. 


$


 Calyxhymenia expansa Ruiz & Pav.


Calyxhymenia expansa Ruiz & Pav. = Mirabilis expansa (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1258: 541. 


$


 Calyxhymenia ovata Ruiz & Pav.


Calyxhymenia ovata Ruiz & Pav. = Mirabilis ovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Meigen

Reference: FP 1258: 544. 


$


 Calyxhymenia prostrata Ruiz & Pav.


Calyxhymenia prostrata Ruiz & Pav. = Mirabilis prostrata (Ruiz & Pav.) Heimerl

Reference: FP 1258: 544. 


$


 Calyxhymenia viscosa (Cav.) Ruiz & Pav.


Calyxhymenia viscosa (Cav.) Ruiz & Pav. = Mirabilis viscosa Cav.

Reference: FP 1258: 545. 


$


 Camaridium affine Schltr.


Camaridium affine Schltr. = Maxillaria camaridii Rchb. f.

Reference: FP 1473: 685; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Camaridium alatum Lindl.


Camaridium alatum Lindl. = Cyrtidiorchis alata (Lindl.) Rauschert

Reference: Garay, L. A., 1962: 525; Rauschert, S., 1982: 560; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Camaridium arbuscula Lindl.


Camaridium arbuscula Lindl. = Maxillaria arbuscula (Lindl.) Rchb. f.

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Camaridium aureum (Poepp. & Endl.) Hoehne


Camaridium aureum (Poepp. & Endl.) Hoehne = Maxillaria aurea (Poepp. & Endl.) L.O. Williams

Reference: FP 1473: 680; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Camaridium aureum var. giganteum (Lindl.) Hoehne


Camaridium aureum var. giganteum (Lindl.) Hoehne = Maxillaria gigantea (Lindl.) Dodson

Reference: FP 1473: 681. 


$


 Camaridium cassapense (Rchb. f.) Schltr.


Camaridium cassapense (Rchb. f.) Schltr. = Maxillaria graminifolia (Kunth) Rchb. f.

Reference: FP 1473: 712; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Camaridium densifolium (Poepp. & Endl.) Benth.


Camaridium densifolium (Poepp. & Endl.) Benth. = Maxillaria densifolia (Poepp. & Endl.) Rchb. f.

Reference: FP 1473: 692; Dodson, pes. comm. 


$


 Camaridium equitans Schltr.


Camaridium equitans Schltr. = Maxillaria equitans (Schltr.) Garay

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Camaridium exaltatum Kraenzl.


Camaridium exaltatum Kraenzl. = Maxillaria exaltata (Kraenzlin) C. Schweinf.

Reference: FP 1473: 695; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Camaridium graminifolium (H.B.K.) Rchb. f.


Camaridium graminifolium (H.B.K.) Rchb. f. = Maxillaria graminifolia (Kunth) Rchb. f.

Reference: FP 1473: 699; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Camaridium grandiflorum (Lindl.) Schltr.


Camaridium grandiflorum (Lindl.) Schltr. = Maxillaria luteorubra (Lindl.) Rchb. f.

Reference: FP 1473: 710; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Camaridium longibracteatum (Lindl.) Lindl.


Camaridium longibracteatum (Lindl.) Lindl. = Maxillaria luteorubra (Lindl.) Rchb. f.

Reference: FP 1473: 709; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Camaridium luteo-rubrum Lindl.


Camaridium luteo-rubrum Lindl. = Maxillaria luteorubra (Lindl.) Rchb. f.

Reference: FP 1473: 712; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Camaridium ochroleucum Lindl.


Camaridium ochroleucum Lindl. = Maxillaria camaridii Rchb. f.

Reference: FP 1473: 684; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Camaridium pendulum Barb. Rodr.


Camaridium pendulum Barb. Rodr. = Maxillaria pendens (Barb. Rodr. ) Pabst

Reference: Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx. 


$


 Camaridium purpureum Sprengel


Camaridium purpureum Sprengel = Maxillaria parviflora (Poepp. & Endl.) Garay

Reference: FP 1473: 724; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Camaridium vandiforme Schltr.


Camaridium vandiforme Schltr. = Maxillaria equitans (Schltr.) Garay

Reference: FP 1473: 740; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cameraria tamaquarina Aubl.


Cameraria tamaquarina Aubl. = Malouetia tamaquarina var. tamaquarina 

Reference: Woodson Jr., R. E., 1935: 252. 


$


 Camissonia dentata Reiche var.dentata



Camissonia dentata Reiche var. dentata 

Synonyms: Camissonia dentata dentata Cav.
Reference: Raven, P. H., 1969: 341. 
Ecology. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 13327 (F)
Departments: Arequipa.


$


 Camissonia dentata (Cav.) Reiche



Camissonia dentata (Cav.) Reiche

$


 Campanula arida Kunth


Campanula arida Kunth = Wahlenbergia arida (Kunth) Griseb.

Reference: FP 1381: 386; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 6. 
Note: Jeppesen (1981a) treated this as a synonym of Wahlenbergia linarioides.  


$


 Campanula biflora Ruiz & Pav.


Campanula biflora Ruiz & Pav. = Triodanis biflora (Ruiz & Pav.) Greene

Reference: FP 1381: 385; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 4; McVaugh, R., 1945: 31. 


$


 Campanula chilensis Molina


Campanula chilensis Molina = Wahlenbergia linarioides (Lam.) A. DC.

Reference: FP 1381: 387; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 6. 


$


 Campanula filiformis Ruiz & Pav.


Campanula filiformis Ruiz & Pav. = Wahlenbergia linarioides var. filiformis (Ruiz & Pav.) A. DC.

Reference: FP 1381: 387; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 6. 


$


 Campanula linarioides Lam.


Campanula linarioides Lam. = Wahlenbergia linarioides (Lam.) A. DC.

Reference: FP 1381: 387; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 6. 


$


 Campanula montevidensis Sprengel


Campanula montevidensis Sprengel = Triodanis biflora (Ruiz & Pav.) Greene

Reference: Jeppesen, S., 1981: 4; McVaugh, R., 1945: 31. 


$


 Campelia scandens Hassk.


Campelia scandens Hassk. = Tradescantia zanonia (L.) Sw.

Reference: Faden, pers. comm.. 


$


 Campelia zanonia (L.) Kunth


Campelia zanonia (L.) Kunth = Tradescantia zanonia (L.) Sw.

Reference: FP 1181: 594. 


$


 Campomanesia cornifolia Kunth


Campomanesia cornifolia Kunth = Campomanesia lineatifolia Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 760: 812; Landrum, L. R., 1986: 41. 


$


 Campomanesia lineatifolia Ruiz & Pav.



Campomanesia lineatifolia Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Campomanesia lineatifolia DC., Campomanesia lineatifolia Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 760: 812; Landrum, L. R., 1986: 41. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (F!), V&aacute;squez 767 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Campomanesia speciosa (Diels) McVaugh



Campomanesia speciosa (Diels) McVaugh

Synonyms: Campomanesia speciosa Diels
Reference: Flora Peru: 760: 813; Landrum, L. R., 1986: 63. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub, tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ule 5483* (frag. F), Smith 4011 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$



$


 Campsiandra angustifolia Spruce ex Benth.



Campsiandra angustifolia Spruce ex Benth.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 203; Cowan, R. S., 1961: 71. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 31668 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Campsiandra comosa Benth.



Campsiandra comosa Benth.

$


 Campsiandra comosa var.laurifolia (Benth.) R.S. Cowan



Campsiandra comosa var. laurifolia (Benth.) R.S. Cowan

Synonyms: Campsiandra comosa laurifolia Benth., Campsiandra comosa laurifolia Poepp.
Reference: Cowan, R. S., 1953: 112. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 7613 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Campsiandra laurifolia Benth.


Campsiandra laurifolia Benth. = Campsiandra comosa var. laurifolia (Benth.) R.S. Cowan

Reference: FP 21: 204; Cowan, R. S., 1953: 112. 


$


 Campsiandra rosea Poepp.


Campsiandra rosea Poepp. = Campsiandra comosa var. laurifolia (Benth.) R.S. Cowan

Reference: FP 21: 204. 
Note: Treated as a synonym under C. laurifolia in the Flora of Peru.  


$


 Campsis radicans Seem.



Campsis radicans Seem.

Synonyms: Campsis radicans L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1362: 78. 
Ecology: Cultivated liana. Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Seibert 2332 (MO!)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Campylocentrum colombianum Schltr.



Campylocentrum colombianum Schltr.

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Campylocentrum ecuadorense Schltr.



Campylocentrum ecuadorense Schltr.

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Campylocentrum fasciola (Lindl.) Cogn.



Campylocentrum fasciola (Lindl.) Cogn.

Synonyms: Campylocentrum fasciola (Lindley) Rchb. f., Campylocentrum fasciola Ames, Campylocentrum fasciola Fawc. & Rendle, Campylocentrum fasciola Lindl., Campylocentrum fasciola Rchb. f., Campylocentrum fasciola Schltr., Campylocentrum fasciola Schltr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1484: 985; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 0-1000 m. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Campylocentrum hondurense Ames



Campylocentrum hondurense Ames

Reference: Carnevali, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: N&uacute;&ntilde;ez et al. 11029 (MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios.


$


 Campylocentrum jamaicense (Reichenbach f. & Wullschlaegel) Bentham ex Fawcett


Campylocentrum jamaicense (Reichenbach f. & Wullschlaegel) Bentham ex Fawcett = Campylocentrum micranthum (Lindl.) Rolfe

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Campylocentrum kuntzei Bong.


Campylocentrum kuntzei Bong. = Campylocentrum micranthum (Lindl.) Rolfe

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Campylocentrum lankesteri Ames


Campylocentrum lankesteri Ames = Campylocentrum fasciola (Lindl.) Cogn.

Reference: FP 1484: 985. 


$


 Campylocentrum loretoense Schltr.


Campylocentrum loretoense Schltr. = Campylocentrum fasciola (Lindl.) Cogn.

Reference: FP 1484: 985. 


$


 Campylocentrum mattogrossense Hoehne


Campylocentrum mattogrossense Hoehne = Campylocentrum robustum Cogn.

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Campylocentrum micranthum (Lindl.) Rolfe



Campylocentrum micranthum (Lindl.) Rolfe

Synonyms: Campylocentrum micranthum (Lindl.) Rchb. f., Campylocentrum micranthum (Reichenbach f. & Wullschlaegel) Bentham ex Fawcett, Campylocentrum micranthum Ames, Campylocentrum micranthum Bong., Campylocentrum micranthum Lindl., Campylocentrum micranthum Lindl., Campylocentrum micranthum Rchb. f. & Wullschl., Campylocentrum micranthum Rchb. f. & Wullschl., Campylocentrum micranthum Schltr., Campylocentrum micranthum Schltr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1484: 985; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Croat 20391 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Campylocentrum minutum C. Schweinf.



Campylocentrum minutum C. Schweinf.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1484: 986; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Campylocentrum multiflorum Schltr.


Campylocentrum multiflorum Schltr. = Campylocentrum fasciola (Lindl.) Cogn.

Reference: FP 1484: 985. 


$


 Campylocentrum panamense Ames


Campylocentrum panamense Ames = Campylocentrum micranthum (Lindl.) Rolfe

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Campylocentrum peniculus Schltr.


Campylocentrum peniculus Schltr. = Campylocentrum micranthum (Lindl.) Rolfe

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Campylocentrum poeppigii (Reichenbach f.) Rolfe



Campylocentrum poeppigii (Reichenbach f.) Rolfe

Synonyms: Campylocentrum poeppigii Rchb. f.
Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Campylocentrum polystachyum (Lindl.) Rolfe



Campylocentrum polystachyum (Lindl.) Rolfe

Synonyms: Campylocentrum polystachyum Lindl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1510: 80; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 500-1500 m. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Campylocentrum robustum Cogn.



Campylocentrum robustum Cogn.

Synonyms: Campylocentrum robustum Hoehne
Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. . 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Campylocentrum stenanthum Schltr.


Campylocentrum stenanthum Schltr. = Campylocentrum micranthum (Lindl.) Rolfe

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Campylocentrum sullivanii Fawc. & Rendle


Campylocentrum sullivanii Fawc. & Rendle = Campylocentrum fasciola (Lindl.) Cogn.

Reference: FP 1484: 985. 


$


 Campylocentrum ulaei Cogn.



Campylocentrum ulaei Cogn.

$


 Campylocentrum ulaei var.peruvianum C. Schweinf.



Campylocentrum ulaei var. peruvianum C. Schweinf.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1484: 988; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I: forests. 500-1500 m. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Campyloneurum nitidissimum (Mett.) Ching



Campyloneurum nitidissimum (Mett.) Ching

Reference: Leon, B., 1990: 212. 


$


 Campyloneurum nitidissimum var.abruptum (Lindm.) B. Le&oacute;n



Campyloneurum nitidissimum var. abruptum (Lindm.) B. Le&oacute;n

Reference: Leon, B., 1990: 212. 
Ecology: Native saphrophyte. Region uncertain: rocky slopes. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Croat 51658 (MO!)


$


 Campylosiphon purpurascens Benth.



Campylosiphon purpurascens Benth.

Reference: Maas, P. J. M., H. Maas-van de Kamer, J. van Benthem, H. C. M. Snelders, & T. B&uuml;bsamen, 1986: 41. 
Ecology: Native saphrophyte. Amazonian: forests on white sand, riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez et al. 5289 (AMAZ!, MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Canavalia altissima (Jacq.) Macfadyen


Canavalia altissima (Jacq.) Macfadyen = Mucuna urens (L.) Medik.

$


 Canavalia boliviana Piper



Canavalia boliviana Piper

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 318; Sauer, J., 1964: 146. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Canavalia brasiliensis C. Mart. ex Benth.



Canavalia brasiliensis C. Mart. ex Benth.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 319; Sauer, J., 1964: 144. 
Ecology: Cultivated vine. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 23645 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lima, Madre de Dios.


$


 Canavalia dictyota Piper



Canavalia dictyota Piper

Reference: Sauer, J., 1964: 147. 
Ecology: Native vine. Andean I-II: forests. 1000-2000 m. 
Voucher: Klug 3577 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC.



Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC.

Synonyms: Canavalia ensiformis (L.) Savi, Canavalia ensiformis L.
Reference: Sauer, J., 1964: 142; Duke, J. A., 1981: 39. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb, shrub, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Croat 19985 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Canavalia eurycarpa Piper



Canavalia eurycarpa Piper

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 319; Sauer, J., 1964: 122. 
Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, riversides. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 4580* (F), Foster 2590 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Canavalia glabra (M. Martens & Galeotti) J. Sauer



Canavalia glabra (M. Martens & Galeotti) J. Sauer

Synonyms: Canavalia glabra (M. Martens & Galeotti) Standl., Canavalia glabra M. Martens & Galeotti
Reference: Sauer, J., 1964: 130. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & Jaramillo 41341 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Canavalia grandiflora Benth.



Canavalia grandiflora Benth.

Synonyms: Canavalia grandiflora (Benth.) Piper
Reference: Sauer, J., 1964: 132. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: forests, riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & N&uacute;&ntilde;ez 54200 (MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios.


$


 Canavalia lasiocalyx Kuntze


Canavalia lasiocalyx Kuntze = Canavalia mattogrossensis (Barb. Rodr. ) Malme

Reference: FP 21: 320; Sauer, J., 1964: 133. 


$


 Canavalia maritima (Aubl.) Thouars


Canavalia maritima (Aubl.) Thouars = Canavalia rosea (Sw.) DC.

Reference: FP 21: 320; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 258. 


$


 Canavalia maritima (Aubl.) Urb.


Canavalia maritima (Aubl.) Urb. = Canavalia rosea (Sw.) DC.

Reference: FP 21: 320; Sauer, J., 1964: 163. 


$


 Canavalia mattogrossensis (Barb. Rodr. ) Malme



Canavalia mattogrossensis (Barb. Rodr. ) Malme

Synonyms: Canavalia mattogrossensis (Barb. Rodr. ) Piper, Canavalia mattogrossensis (Kuntze) Piper, Canavalia mattogrossensis Barb. Rodr., Canavalia mattogrossensis Kuntze
Reference: Sauer, J., 1964: 133. 
Ecology: Native liana, vine. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & D&iacute;az 58670 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Madre de Dios.


$


 Canavalia parviflora Benth.



Canavalia parviflora Benth.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 321; Sauer, J., 1964: 122. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   The collection cited in the Flora of Peru, Killip & Smith 23813, was redetermined by Sauer (1964: 122) as C. eurycarpa. 


$


 Canavalia peruviana Piper


Canavalia peruviana Piper = Dioclea virgata (Rich.) Amshoff

Reference: FP 21: 321; Maxwell, R. H., 1969: 340; Sauer, J., 1964: 146. 


$


 Canavalia piperi Killip & J.F. Macbr.



Canavalia piperi Killip & J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 322; Sauer, J., 1964: 141. 
Ecology: Cultivated liana, vine. Amazonian, Andean II: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Cook & Gilbert 1604* (US), Ferreyra 9615 (USM!)
Departments: Cuzco, Lima.


$


 Canavalia plagiosperma Piper



Canavalia plagiosperma Piper

Reference: Sauer, J., 1964: 141; Duke, J. A., 1981: 43. 
Ecology: Cultivated liana, vine. Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Maldonado s.n. (F)


$


 Canavalia reflexa (Hook. f.) C. Wright


Canavalia reflexa (Hook. f.) C. Wright = Dioclea reflexa Hook. f.

Reference: Maxwell, R. H., 1980: 671. 


$


 Canavalia rosea (Sw.) DC.



Canavalia rosea (Sw.) DC.

Synonyms: Canavalia rosea (Aubl.) Thouars, Canavalia rosea (Aubl.) Urb., Canavalia rosea Aubl., Canavalia rosea Sw.
Reference: Sauer, J., 1964: 164; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 258. 
Ecology: Native vine. Coastal: beach. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Haught 64/208 (F)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Canavalia sericophylla Ducke



Canavalia sericophylla Ducke

Reference: Ducke, A., 1949: 222; Sauer, J., 1964: 123. 
Ecology: Native vine. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 8081 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Canavalia villosa var. glabra (M. Martens & Galeotti) Standl.


Canavalia villosa var. glabra (M. Martens & Galeotti) Standl. = Canavalia glabra (M. Martens & Galeotti) J. Sauer

Reference: Sauer, J., 1964: 130. 


$


 Canavalia wurdackii Aymard & Cuello



Canavalia wurdackii Aymard & Cuello

Reference: Aymard C., G. & N. Cuello A., 1991: 88. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean II: forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Wurdack 1107* (US)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Canna bangii Kranzlin



Canna bangii Kranzlin

$


 Canna coccinea Mill.


Canna coccinea Mill. = Canna indica L.

Reference: FP 1204: 739; Maas, P. J. M. & H. Maas, 1988: 6. 


$


 Canna concinna Bouche


Canna concinna Bouche = Canna indica L.

Reference: FP 1204: 739; Maas, pers. comm.. 


$


 Canna edulis Ker Gawl.


Canna edulis Ker Gawl. = Canna indica L.

Reference: FP 1204: 739; Maas, P. J. M. & H. Maas, 1988: 6. 


$


 Canna flaccida Salisb.



Canna flaccida Salisb.

Reference: Segeren, W. & P. J. M. Maas, 1971: 675. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Williams 2738 (F!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Canna formosa Bouche


Canna formosa Bouche = Canna indica L.

Reference: FP 1204: 740; Maas, P. J. M. & H. Maas, 1988: 6. 


$


 Canna glauca L.



Canna glauca L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1204: 740; Maas, P. J. M. & H. Maas, 1988: 5. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas, riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Williams 5729 (F!)
Departments: Cuzco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Canna indica L.



Canna indica L.

Synonyms: Canna indica Bouche, Canna indica Bouche, Canna indica Ker Gawl., Canna indica Lindl., Canna indica Mill., Canna indica Roscoe
Reference: Flora Peru: 1204: 740; Maas, P. J. M. & H. Maas, 1988: 6. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry 28912 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Canna iridiflora Ruiz & Pav.



Canna iridiflora Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1204: 740. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: forests. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Peyton & Peyton 1359 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Canna jaegeriana Urb.



Canna jaegeriana Urb.

Reference: Maas, P. J. M. & H. Maas, 1988: 7. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: disturbed areas. 500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Barbour 4140 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Pasco, Puno, Ucayali.


$


 Canna lambertii Lindl.


Canna lambertii Lindl. = Canna indica L.

Reference: FP 1204: 740; Maas, P. J. M. & H. Maas, 1988: 6. 


$


 Canna lanuginosa Roscoe


Canna lanuginosa Roscoe = Canna indica L.

Reference: FP 1204: 741; Maas, P. J. M. & H. Maas, 1988: 6. 


$


 Canna paniculata Ruiz & Pav.



Canna paniculata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1204: 741; Maas, P. J. M. & H. Maas, 1988: 4. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, grasslands. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 7356 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Canna tuerckheimii Kraenzl.



Canna tuerckheimii Kraenzl.

Reference: Maas, P. J. M. & H. Maas, 1988: 8. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb. . 
Note: No voucher cited by Maas & Maas (1988). 


$


 Cannabis sativa L.



Cannabis sativa L.

Reference: Terrell, E. E., S. R. Hill, J. H. Wiersema & W. E. Rice, 1985: 35. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb, shrub. Andean I, Coastal: disturbed areas. . 
Note: Known from Peru; no voucher collection seen. 


$


 Cantua alutacea Infantes



Cantua alutacea Infantes

Reference: Flora Peru: 1295: 115; Infantes, J. G., 1962: 88. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, forests, shrublands. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Infantes 5654 (USM)
Departments: Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Puno.


$


 Cantua bicolor Lemaire



Cantua bicolor Lemaire

Reference: Infantes, J. G., 1962: 91. 
Ecology. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Soukup 363 (F)
Departments: Puno.


$


 Cantua breviflora Jussieu


Cantua breviflora Jussieu = Gilia laciniata var. laciniata 

Reference: FP 1295: 125. 


$


 Cantua buxifolia Jussieu ex Lamarck



Cantua buxifolia Jussieu ex Lamarck

Synonyms: Cantua buxifolia Pers., Cantua buxifolia Ruiz & Pav., Cantua buxifolia Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1295: 115; Franquemont, C., T. Plowman, E. Franquemont, S. R. King, C. Niezgoda, W. Davis & C. R. Sperling, 1990: 91. 
Ecology. 2500-4000 m. 
Note: National flower of Peru. 
Voucher: Jussieu 4933* (P), Ferreyra 9976 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Pasco, Puno.


$


 Cantua buxifolia var. lanceolata (Peter) Brand


Cantua buxifolia var. lanceolata (Peter) Brand = Cantua tomentosa Cav.

Reference: FP 1295: 115; Infantes, J. G., 1962: 93. 


$


 Cantua buxifolia var. ovata (Cavanilles) Brand


Cantua buxifolia var. ovata (Cavanilles) Brand = Cantua ovata Cav.

Reference: FP 1295: 115; Infantes, J. G., 1962: 99. 


$


 Cantua candelilla Brand



Cantua candelilla Brand

Reference: Flora Peru: 1295: 117. 
Ecology. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 1428* (B, MOL), Metcalf 30363 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Moquegua, Tacna.


$


 Cantua cordata Jussieu



Cantua cordata Jussieu

$


 Cantua cuzcoensis Infantes



Cantua cuzcoensis Infantes

Reference: Flora Peru: 1295: 118; Infantes, J. G., 1962: 102. 
Ecology. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 2327* (USM), Vargas 9785 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad.


$


 Cantua dependens Pers.


Cantua dependens Pers. = Cantua buxifolia Jussieu ex Lamarck

Reference: FP 1295: 115. 


$


 Cantua flexuosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.



Cantua flexuosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Synonyms: Cantua flexuosa Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1295: 118. 
Ecology. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MO!), Duncan 2700 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Pasco.


$


 Cantua hibrida Herrera



Cantua hibrida Herrera

$


 Cantua laciniata Poir.


Cantua laciniata Poir. = Gilia laciniata var. laciniata 

Reference: FP 1295: 125. 


$


 Cantua lanceolata Peter in Engler & Prantl.


Cantua lanceolata Peter in Engler & Prantl. = Cantua tomentosa Cav.

Reference: FP 1295: 115; Infantes, J. G., 1962: 93. 


$


 Cantua longifolia Brand



Cantua longifolia Brand

Reference: Flora Peru: 1295: 119. 
Ecology. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7039* (F, MOL), Knapp 7556 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, La Libertad.


$


 Cantua loxensis Willd.


Cantua loxensis Willd. = Cantua pyrifolia Juss. ex Lam.

Reference: FP 1295: 120. 


$


 Cantua ochroleuca Brand


Cantua ochroleuca Brand = Cantua pyrifolia Juss. ex Lam.

Reference: FP 1295: 120. 


$


 Cantua ovata Cav.



Cantua ovata Cav.

Synonyms: Cantua ovata (Cavanilles) Brand, Cantua ovata D. Don, Cantua ovata Pers.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1295: 115; Infantes, J. G., 1962: 99. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: forests. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: N&eacute;e s.n.* (MA), Infantes 5602 (INF, USM)
Departments: Ancash, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Cantua peruviana J.F. Gmel.


Cantua peruviana J.F. Gmel. = Cantua pyrifolia Juss. ex Lam.

Reference: FP 1295: 120. 


$


 Cantua pyrifolia Juss. ex Lam.



Cantua pyrifolia Juss. ex Lam.

Synonyms: Cantua pyrifolia Brand, Cantua pyrifolia J.F. Gmel., Cantua pyrifolia Willd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1295: 120. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean II: disturbed areas, forests, shrublands. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Jussieu 4931* (P), Sag&aacute;stegui 8560 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Pasco, Piura.


$


 Cantua quercifolia Juss.



Cantua quercifolia Juss.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1295: 121. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas, shrublands. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Jussieu 4932* (P), Hutchison 3482 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Lima, Piura.


$


 Cantua theaefolia D. Don


Cantua theaefolia D. Don = Cantua ovata Cav.

Reference: FP 1295: 115; Infantes, J. G., 1962: 99. 


$


 Cantua tomentosa Cav.



Cantua tomentosa Cav.

Synonyms: Cantua tomentosa (Peter) Brand, Cantua tomentosa Peter in Engler & Prantl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1295: 115; Infantes, J. G., 1962: 93. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, forests, shrublands. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Cavanilles s.n.* (MA), Infantes 4635 (USM)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Lima.


$


 Cantua uniflora Pers.


Cantua uniflora Pers. = Cantua ovata Cav.

Reference: FP 1295: 115; Infantes, J. G., 1962: 93. 


$


 Capanea affinis Fritsch



Capanea affinis Fritsch

Synonyms: Capanea affinis Fritsch, Capanea affinis Fritsch, Capanea affinis Fritsch, Capanea affinis Fritsch, Capanea affinis Fritsch
Reference: Fritsch, K., 1914: 434. 
Ecology: Endemic herb, vine. Andean II: forests. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Wurdack 908 (US!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca.


$


 Capanea andina Fritsch


Capanea andina Fritsch = Capanea affinis Fritsch

Reference: Fritsch, K., 1914: 434. 


$


 Capanea hansteinii Fritsch


Capanea hansteinii Fritsch = Capanea affinis Fritsch

$


 Capanea peruviana Fritsch


Capanea peruviana Fritsch = Capanea affinis Fritsch

$


 Capanea quitensis Fritsch


Capanea quitensis Fritsch = Capanea affinis Fritsch

$


 Capanea urceolata Fritsch


Capanea urceolata Fritsch = Capanea affinis Fritsch

$


 Caperonia castaneifolia (L.) St. Hilaire



Caperonia castaneifolia (L.) St. Hilaire

Synonyms: Caperonia castaneifolia L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 96; Webster, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native herb. . 
Voucher: Spruce 2473 
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Caperonia palustris (L.) St. Hilaire



Caperonia palustris (L.) St. Hilaire

Synonyms: Caperonia palustris L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 97. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 3954 
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Caperonia zaponzeta Mansf.



Caperonia zaponzeta Mansf.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 97. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Tessmann 3386* 
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Capethia integrifolia (DC.) Britton


Capethia integrifolia (DC.) Britton = Oreithales integrifolia (DC.) Schltdl.

Reference: FP 1272: 641; Lourteig, A., 1956: 212. 


$


 Capethia weddellii Britton


Capethia weddellii Britton = Oreithales integrifolia (DC.) Schltdl.

Reference: FP 1272: 641; Lourteig, A., 1956: 212. 


$


 Capirona decorticans Spruce



Capirona decorticans Spruce

Synonyms: Capirona decorticans Standl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 46; Kirkbride Jr., J. H., 1985: 50. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Spruce 4202* (K), V&aacute;squez et al. 6207 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$



$


 Capirona erythroxylon Standl.


Capirona erythroxylon Standl. = Pogonopus erythroxylon (Standl.) Kirkbride

Reference: Kirkbride Jr., J. H., 1985: 54. 


$



$



$



$


 Capparis acutifolia J. F. Macbride hom. illeg.


Capparis acutifolia J. F. Macbride hom. illeg. = Capparis sola J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 617: 1003. 


$


 Capparis angulata Ruiz & Pav. ex DC.


Capparis angulata Ruiz & Pav. ex DC. = Capparis scabrida Kunth

Reference: FP 617: 998. 
Note: Treated in Flora of Peru under this name.  


$


 Capparis avicennifolia Kunth



Capparis avicennifolia Kunth

Synonyms: Capparis avicennifolia (Humb., Bonpl. & Kunth) Seem., Capparis avicennifolia Ruiz Lopez & Pavon ex DC. nom illeg.
Reference: Flora Peru: 617: 1002; Woodson Jr., R. E. & Schery, R. W., 1948: 97. 
Ecology: Native shrub, treelet. Andean I, Coastal: beach, desert, disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Humboldt s.n.* (G photo F!), Stevens 21985 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Ica, Lambayeque, La Libertad, Piura.


$


 Capparis baducca L.



Capparis baducca L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 617: 998; Jacobs, M., 1965: 435. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Following lectotypification by Jacobs (1965), this is an Old World species. 


$


 Capparis breynia L.


Capparis breynia L. = Capparis indica (L.) Druce

Reference: FP 617: 1000; Dugand, A., 1941: 35. 


$


 Capparis cordata Ruiz & Pav. ex DC.


Capparis cordata Ruiz & Pav. ex DC. = Capparis crotonoides Kunth

Reference: FP 617: 999; Dugand, A., 1941: 36. 


$


 Capparis crotonoides Kunth



Capparis crotonoides Kunth

Synonyms: Capparis crotonoides Ruiz & Pav. ex DC.
Reference: Flora Peru: 617: 999; Dugand, A., 1941: 36. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I, Coastal: desert, riversides, rocky slopes, shrublands. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Trujillo s.n.* , Stevens 21986 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Lambayeque, La Libertad, Piura.


$


 Capparis cynophallophora L.


Capparis cynophallophora L. = Capparis flexuosa L.

Reference: FP 617: 999; Woodson Jr., R. E. & Schery, R. W., 1948: 94. 
Note: nom. illeg.  


$


 Capparis cynophallophora L.



Capparis cynophallophora L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 617: 1002; Woodson Jr., R. E. & Schery, R. W., 1948: 90. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Capparis detonsa Triana & Planch.



Capparis detonsa Triana & Planch.

Reference: Dugand, A., 1941: 37. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree, treelet. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Berlin 1787 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Capparis eucalyptifolia Haught



Capparis eucalyptifolia Haught

Reference: Flora Peru: 617: 999. 
Ecology: Endemic treelet. . 
Voucher: Haught F96* , Weberbauer 4814 
Departments: La Libertad, Piura.


$


 Capparis flexuosa L.



Capparis flexuosa L.

Synonyms: Capparis flexuosa L., Capparis flexuosa L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 617: 999; Woodson Jr., R. E. & Schery, R. W., 1948: 94. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I, Coastal: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1500 m. 
Note: Included in the Flora of Peru as an expected species. This is an extremely variable species.  
Voucher: D&iacute;az 3044 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Lambayeque, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes.


$


 Capparis frondosa Jacq.



Capparis frondosa Jacq.

Reference: Flora Peru: 617: 998; Woodson Jr., R. E. & Schery, R. W., 1948: 95. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Treated in Flora of Peru as Capparis baducca.  
Voucher: Schunke 6321 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes.


$


 Capparis gaudichaudiana Eichler


Capparis gaudichaudiana Eichler = Capparis scabrida Kunth

Reference: FP 617: 1000. 
Note: Treated in Flora of Peru as separate species.  


$


 Capparis guaguaensis Steyerm.



Capparis guaguaensis Steyerm.

Reference: Steyermark, J., 1951: 238. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Note: The name Capparis macrophylla has been widely and inappropriately used for this species. 
Voucher: Rimachi 264 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Capparis indica (L.) Druce



Capparis indica (L.) Druce

Synonyms: Capparis indica (L.) Fawc. & Rendle, Capparis indica L., Capparis indica L.
Reference: Druce, G., 1914: 415. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   This name published in Febuary 1914, while combination used in Flora of Peru was published in June. 


$


 Capparis indica (L.) Fawc. & Rendle


Capparis indica (L.) Fawc. & Rendle = Capparis indica (L.) Druce

Reference: FP 617: 1000; Dugand, A., 1941: 35. 
Note: nom. illeg.  


$


 Capparis lanceolata Ruiz & Pav. ex DC.


Capparis lanceolata Ruiz & Pav. ex DC. = Capparis mollis Kunth

Reference: FP 617: 999. 


$


 Capparis laurina Kunth


Capparis laurina Kunth = Capparis petiolaris Kunth

Reference: FP 617: 1000. 


$


 Capparis macrocarpa Ruiz & Pav. ex DC.


Capparis macrocarpa Ruiz & Pav. ex DC. = Capparis petiolaris Kunth

Reference: FP 617: 1000; Dugand, A., 1941: 43. 


$


 Capparis macrophylla Kunth



Capparis macrophylla Kunth

Synonyms: Capparis macrophylla Gilg ex Ule
Reference: Dugand, A., 1941: 40. 
Ecology: Native tree, treelet. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Tunqui 91 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Capparis magnifica Gilg ex Ule


Capparis magnifica Gilg ex Ule = Capparis macrophylla Kunth

Reference: FP 617: 1001. 


$


 Capparis mollis Kunth



Capparis mollis Kunth

Synonyms: Capparis mollis Ruiz & Pav. ex DC.
Reference: Flora Peru: 617: 1001. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree, treelet. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas. 0-1500 m. 
Note: Treated by Iltis (ex Hb. MO) as an unpublished subspecies of C. flexuosa, using the name lanceolata. 
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland s.n.* (B photo F!), D&iacute;az 2061 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Lambayeque, La Libertad, Piura.


$


 Capparis nitida Ruiz & Pav. ex DC.



Capparis nitida Ruiz & Pav. ex DC.

Synonyms: Capparis nitida Triana & Planch.
Reference: Flora Peru: 617: 10001; Dugand, A., 1941: 45. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides. 0-1000 m. 
Note: Treated by Iltis (ex Hb. MO) as an unpublished subspecies of C. amplissima, using the name pendula. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (G photo F!), Klug 4369 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Capparis odoratissima Jacq.



Capparis odoratissima Jacq.

Reference: Flora Peru: 617: 1002; Woodson Jr., R. E. & Schery, R. W., 1948: 89. 
Note: Not reconfirmed. , and not expected in Peru (Iltis, pers. comm.).  Included in the Flora of Peru on the basis of a Pavon specimen determined by Briquet (perhaps wrongly so).  


$


 Capparis ovalifolia Ruiz Lopez & Pavon ex DC. nom illeg.


Capparis ovalifolia Ruiz Lopez & Pavon ex DC. nom illeg. = Capparis avicennifolia Kunth

Reference: FP 617: 1002; Woodson Jr., R. E. & Schery, R. W., 1948: 97. 


$


 Capparis pachaca Kunth



Capparis pachaca Kunth

Reference: Iltis, H., 1965: 57. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Note: The Peruvian entity is a closely related but unpublished species. 
Voucher: R&iacute;os 5 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Capparis pendula Triana & Planch.


Capparis pendula Triana & Planch. = Capparis nitida Ruiz & Pav. ex DC.

Reference: Dugand, A., 1941: 45. 


$


 Capparis petiolaris Kunth



Capparis petiolaris Kunth

Synonyms: Capparis petiolaris Kunth, Capparis petiolaris Ruiz & Pav. ex DC.
Reference: Flora Peru: 617: 1000; Dugand, A., 1941: 43. 
Ecology: Native tree, treelet. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 7802 (MO!)
Departments: Piura, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Capparis prisca J.F. Macbr.



Capparis prisca J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 617: 1002. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7167* , Hutchison 6317 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lambayeque, La Libertad, Piura.


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 Capparis quina J.F. Macbr.



Capparis quina J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 617: 1003. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1000 m. 
Note: Treated by Iltis (ex Hb. MO) as an unpublished subspecies of C. pachaca. 
Voucher: Williams 6282* , Zegarra 12 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Capparis scabrida Kunth



Capparis scabrida Kunth

Synonyms: Capparis scabrida Eichler, Capparis scabrida Ruiz & Pav. ex DC.
Reference: Flora Peru: 617: 998. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree, treelet. Andean I-II, Coastal: beach, desert, dry valleys, shrublands. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Smith 4221 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Lambayeque, La Libertad, Piura.


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 Capparis schunkei J.F. Macbr.



Capparis schunkei J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 617: 1003. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, terra firme forests. 0-1500 m. 
Note: Possibly conspecific with C. pittieri Standley (Iltis, pers. comm.). 
Voucher: Schunke 418* , V&aacute;squez 2524 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Capparis sola J.F. Macbr.



Capparis sola J.F. Macbr.

Synonyms: Capparis sola J. F. Macbride hom. illeg.
Reference: Flora Peru: 617: 1003. 
Ecology: Native shrub, subshrub, tree, treelet. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, seasonally inundated areas, terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Klug 961* , Berlin 3502 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Capparis sprucei Eichler



Capparis sprucei Eichler

Reference: Flora Peru: 617: 354. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, treelet. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   It is suggested in the Flora of Peru that this maybe synonymous with C. macrocarpa (=C. petiolaris as treated here). 
Voucher: Spruce 3986* 
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Capparis tarapotensis Eichler



Capparis tarapotensis Eichler

Reference: Flora Peru: 617: 1004. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I: forests. 500-1500 m. 
Note: Treated by Iltis (ex Hb. MO) as an unpublished subspecies of C. flexuosa. 
Voucher: Spruce 4406* (G photo F!), Woytkowski 35107 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Capraria biflora L.



Capraria biflora L.

Synonyms: Capraria biflora A. DC. ex Benth., Capraria biflora Griseb., Capraria biflora Kunth, Capraria biflora Vahl, Capraria biflora Willd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 655. 
Ecology. 0-3500 m. 
Voucher: Peyton & Peyton 190 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Loreto.


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 Capraria crustacea L.


Capraria crustacea L. = Lindernia crustacea (L.) F. Muell.

Reference: FP 1361: 686. 


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 Capraria durantifolia L.


Capraria durantifolia L. = Stemodia durantifolia (L.) Sw.

Reference: FP 1361: 708. 


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 Capraria gratioloides L.


Capraria gratioloides L. = Lindernia dubia (L.) Pennell subsp. dubia 

Reference: FP 1361: 687. 


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 Capraria hirsuta Kunth


Capraria hirsuta Kunth = Capraria biflora L.

Reference: FP 1361: 655. 


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 Capraria humilis Solander in Ait.


Capraria humilis Solander in Ait. = Stemodia verticillata (Mill.) Hassl.

Reference: FP 1361: 709; Holmgren, N. H. & U. Molau, 1984: 23. 


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 Capraria lanceolata Vahl


Capraria lanceolata Vahl = Capraria biflora L.

Reference: FP 1361: 655. 


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 Capraria mexicana Griseb.


Capraria mexicana Griseb. = Capraria biflora L.

Reference: FP 1361: 655. 


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 Capraria peruviana Benth.



Capraria peruviana Benth.

Synonyms: Capraria peruviana Hooker, Capraria peruviana Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 656. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I, Coastal: riversides. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui 12416 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Lambayeque, La Libertad.


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 Capraria semiserrata var. berterii A. DC. ex Benth.


Capraria semiserrata var. berterii A. DC. ex Benth. = Capraria biflora L.

Reference: FP 1361: 655. 


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 Capraria semiserrata Willd.


Capraria semiserrata Willd. = Capraria biflora L.

Reference: FP 1361: 655. 


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 Capriola dactylon (L.) Kuntze


Capriola dactylon (L.) Kuntze = Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.

Reference: FP 719: 190. 


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 Capriola dactylon var. maritima (Kunth) Hitchc.


Capriola dactylon var. maritima (Kunth) Hitchc. = Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.

Reference: FP 719: 190. 


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 Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik.



Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik.

Synonyms: Capsella bursa-pastoris L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 614: 952. 
Ecology: Introduced herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands, shrublands. 2500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Smith et al. 12098 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Puno.


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 Capsicum annuum L.



Capsicum annuum L.

Synonyms: Capsicum annuum L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 70. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests, rocky slopes. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Plowman et al. 18 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Capsicum baccatum L.



Capsicum baccatum L.

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 Capsicum baccatum var.pendulum (Willd.) Eshbaugh



Capsicum baccatum var. pendulum (Willd.) Eshbaugh

Synonyms: Capsicum baccatum pendulum Willd.
Reference: Eshbaugh, W. H., 1968: 52. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: N&uacute;&ntilde;ez et al. 6799 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Capsicum ciliatum (Kunth) Kuntze


Capsicum ciliatum (Kunth) Kuntze = Capsicum rhomboideum (Dunal) Kuntze

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 Capsicum coccineum (Rusby) Hunziker



Capsicum coccineum (Rusby) Hunziker

Synonyms: Capsicum coccineum Rusby
Reference: Hunziker, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native shrub, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Foster 3484 (US)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Capsicum eggersii Bitter


Capsicum eggersii Bitter = Capsicum hookerianum (Miers) Kuntze

Reference: FP 1349: 71. 


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 Capsicum frutescens L.


Capsicum frutescens L. = Capsicum annuum L.

Reference: FP 1349: 71. 


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 Capsicum haughtii (Svenson) J.F. Macbr.


Capsicum haughtii (Svenson) J.F. Macbr. = Capsicum rhomboideum (Dunal) Kuntze

Reference: FP 1349: 72; Hunziker, A. T., 1969: 167. 


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 Capsicum hookerianum (Miers) Kuntze



Capsicum hookerianum (Miers) Kuntze

Synonyms: Capsicum hookerianum Bitter, Capsicum hookerianum Dunal in DC., Capsicum hookerianum Miers
Reference: Hunziker, A. T., 1969: 165. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7684 (F)
Departments: Tumbes.


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 Capsicum lanceaefolium (Miers) Kuntze


Capsicum lanceaefolium (Miers) Kuntze = Capsicum pubescens Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1349: 72; Hunziker, A. T., 1969: 167. 


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 Capsicum macrophyllum (Kunth ex Dunal) Standl.


Capsicum macrophyllum (Kunth ex Dunal) Standl. = Witheringia solanacea L'H&eacute;r.

Reference: FP 1349: 73; Hunziker, A. T., 1969: 138. 


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 Capsicum mendax (van Heurck & Muell. Arg.) J.F. Macbr.


Capsicum mendax (van Heurck & Muell. Arg.) J.F. Macbr. = Capsicum rhomboideum (Dunal) Kuntze

Reference: FP 1349: 73; Hunziker, A. T., 1971: 252. 


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 Capsicum molle (H.B.K.) Kuntze


Capsicum molle (H.B.K.) Kuntze = Capsicum rhomboideum (Dunal) Kuntze

Reference: FP 1349: 74; Hunziker, A. T., 1971: 252. 


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 Capsicum pendulum Willd.


Capsicum pendulum Willd. = Capsicum baccatum var. pendulum (Willd.) Eshbaugh

Reference: FP 1349: 74. 


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 Capsicum pubescens Ruiz & Pav.



Capsicum pubescens Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Capsicum pubescens (Miers) Kuntze, Capsicum pubescens Miers
Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 75; Hunziker, A. T., 1969: 167. 
Ecology. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* , N&uacute;&ntilde;ez 7537 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Lima.


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 Capsicum rhomboideum (Dunal) Kuntze



Capsicum rhomboideum (Dunal) Kuntze

Synonyms: Capsicum rhomboideum (Dunal) Dunal, Capsicum rhomboideum (Dunal) Dunal, Capsicum rhomboideum (Dunal) Miers, Capsicum rhomboideum (Dunal) Miers, Capsicum rhomboideum (H.B.K.) Kuntze, Capsicum rhomboideum (Kunth) Dunal, Capsicum rhomboideum (Kunth) Kuntze, Capsicum rhomboideum (Kunth) Miers, Capsicum rhomboideum (Kunth) Miers, Capsicum rhomboideum (Svenson) J.F. Macbr., Capsicum rhomboideum (van Heurck & Muell. Arg.) J.F. Macbr., Capsicum rhomboideum Dunal, Capsicum rhomboideum Dunal, Capsicum rhomboideum Dunal, Capsicum rhomboideum Dunal, Capsicum rhomboideum Kunth, Capsicum rhomboideum S. Watson, Capsicum rhomboideum Svenson, Capsicum rhomboideum Van Heurck & M&uuml;ll. Arg., Capsicum rhomboideum Walpers
Reference: Hunziker, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui & Leiva 12515 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Piura.


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 Capsicum scolnikianum Hunziker



Capsicum scolnikianum Hunziker

Reference: Hunziker, A. T., 1961: 213. 
Ecology: Native herb. . 
Voucher: Scolnik 1389* (CORD)
Departments: Piura.


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 Capsicum sinense Jacq.



Capsicum sinense Jacq.

Synonyms: Capsicum sinense Fingerhut
Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 75. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb. Andean I: disturbed areas. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: N&uacute;&ntilde;ez et al. 6799 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


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 Capsicum solanaceum var. macrophylla (Kunth ex Dunal) Kuntze


Capsicum solanaceum var. macrophylla (Kunth ex Dunal) Kuntze = Witheringia solanacea L'H&eacute;r.

Reference: FP 1349: 73; Hunziker, A. T., 1969: 138. 


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 Capsicum solanaceum var. pubescens Kuntze


Capsicum solanaceum var. pubescens Kuntze = Witheringia solanacea L'H&eacute;r.

Reference: FP 1349: 73; Hunziker, A. T., 1969: 138. 


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 Capsicum tovarii Eshbaugh, Smith & Nickrent



Capsicum tovarii Eshbaugh, Smith & Nickrent

Reference: Eshbaugh, W. H., P. G. Smith & D. L. Nickrent, 1983: 55. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. . 
Departments: Ayacucho.


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 Capsicum toxicarium Fingerhut


Capsicum toxicarium Fingerhut = Capsicum sinense Jacq.

Reference: FP 1349: 75. 


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 Caraguata conifera Andr&eacute;


Caraguata conifera Andr&eacute; = Guzmania conifera (Andr&eacute;) Andr&eacute; ex Mez

Reference: FP 1179: 572; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1977: 1326. 


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 Caraguata lindenii (Andr&eacute;) Baker


Caraguata lindenii (Andr&eacute;) Baker = Guzmania lindenii var. lindenii 

Reference: FP 1179: 574; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1977: 1316. 


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 Caraguata pulchella Andr&eacute;


Caraguata pulchella Andr&eacute; = Tillandsia seemannii (Baker) Mez

Reference: FP 1179: 534; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1977: 1022. 


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 Caraguata schlumbergerii Baker


Caraguata schlumbergerii Baker = Guzmania morreniana var. morreniana 

Reference: FP 1179: 573; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1977: 1321. 


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 Caraguata violacea Andr&eacute;


Caraguata violacea Andr&eacute; = Tillandsia ionochroma Andr&eacute; ex Mez

Reference: FP 1179: 563; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1977: 746. 


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 Caraipa densifolia subsp.densifolia



Caraipa densifolia subsp. densifolia 

Reference: Kubitzki, K., 1978: 106; V&aacute;squez M., R., 1991: 1007. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas, terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Croat 19885 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


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 Caraipa grandifolia subsp.grandifolia



Caraipa grandifolia subsp. grandifolia 

Reference: Kubitzki, K., 1978: 120; V&aacute;squez M., R., 1991: 1007. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas, terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez 6211 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Caraipa jaramilloi Vasquez



Caraipa jaramilloi Vasquez

Reference: V&aacute;squez M., R., 1991: 1003. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez 6528* (MO!), Grandez 682 (AMAZ)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco.


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 Caraipa myrcioides Ducke



Caraipa myrcioides Ducke

Reference: V&aacute;squez M., R., 1991: 1007. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry 26911 (AMAZ, MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios, Pasco.


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 Caraipa paniculata Mart.


Caraipa paniculata Mart. = Haploclathra paniculata (Martius) Benth.

Reference: Lleras, E., 1972: 134. 


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 Caraipa punctulata Ducke



Caraipa punctulata Ducke

Reference: Kubitzki, K., 1978: 125; V&aacute;squez M., R., 1991: 1007. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: riversides, seasonally inundated areas, terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez 4816 (AMAZ, MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Caraipa tereticaulis Tul.



Caraipa tereticaulis Tul.

Reference: V&aacute;squez M., R., 1991: 1008. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests on white sand. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez 5520 (AMAZ, MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Caraipa utilis Vasquez



Caraipa utilis Vasquez

Reference: V&aacute;squez M., R., 1991: 1004. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian: forests on white sand, terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: V&aacute;squez 5543* (MO!), V&aacute;squez 6144 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Caraipa valioi Paula



Caraipa valioi Paula

Reference: V&aacute;squez M., R., 1991: 1008. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez 9618 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Carapa cauliflora Poepp.


Carapa cauliflora Poepp. = Guarea casimiriana Harms in Engler & Prantl

Reference: FP 663: 758; Pennington, T. D., B. T. Styles & D. A. H. Taylor, 1981: 333. 


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 Carapa guianensis Aubl.



Carapa guianensis Aubl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 663: 729; Pennington, T. D., B. T. Styles & D. A. H. Taylor, 1981: 407. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 9243 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Carapa sericea Poepp.


Carapa sericea Poepp. = Guarea trunciflora C. DC.

Reference: FP 663: 774; Pennington, T. D., B. T. Styles & D. A. H. Taylor, 1981: 340. 


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 Cardamine africana L.



Cardamine africana L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 614: 961. 
Ecology: Introduced herb. Andean II: cloud forests, riversides. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Barbour 2878 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas.


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 Cardamine bonariensis Pers.



Cardamine bonariensis Pers.

Synonyms: Cardamine bonariensis (Persoon) O.E. Schulz, Cardamine bonariensis A. Gray


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 Cardamine bonariensis subsp.bonariensis



Cardamine bonariensis subsp. bonariensis 

Reference: Flora Peru: 614: 962. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-III: grasslands, shrublands. 1000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Smith et al. 9836 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


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 Cardamine bonariensis var.flaccida (Cham. & Schltdl.) J.F. Macbr.



Cardamine bonariensis var. flaccida (Cham. & Schltdl.) J.F. Macbr.

Synonyms: Cardamine bonariensis flaccida Cham. & Schltdl., Cardamine bonariensis flaccida Steud., Cardamine bonariensis subsp. flaccida O.E. Schulz, Cardamine bonariensis var. flaccida (Steud.) J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 614: 962. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


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 Cardamine bonariensis var. minima (Steud.) J.F. Macbr.


Cardamine bonariensis var. minima (Steud.) J.F. Macbr. = Cardamine bonariensis var. flaccida (Cham. & Schltdl.) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 614: 962. 


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 Cardamine flaccida Cham. & Schltdl.


Cardamine flaccida Cham. & Schltdl. = Cardamine bonariensis var. flaccida (Cham. & Schltdl.) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 614: 962. 


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 Cardamine flaccida subsp. bonariensis (Persoon) O.E. Schulz


Cardamine flaccida subsp. bonariensis (Persoon) O.E. Schulz = Cardamine bonariensis Pers.

Reference: FP 614: 962. 


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 Cardamine flaccida subsp. minima O.E. Schulz


Cardamine flaccida subsp. minima O.E. Schulz = Cardamine bonariensis var. flaccida (Cham. & Schltdl.) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 614: 962. 


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 Cardamine jamesonii Hook.



Cardamine jamesonii Hook.

Reference: Flora Peru: 614: 963. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


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 Cardamine killipii O.E. Schulz



Cardamine killipii O.E. Schulz

Reference: Flora Peru: 614: 963. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


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 Cardamine laxa var. pumila A. Gray


Cardamine laxa var. pumila A. Gray = Cardamine bonariensis Pers.

Reference: FP 614: 962. 


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 Cardamine minima Steud.


Cardamine minima Steud. = Cardamine bonariensis var. flaccida (Cham. & Schltdl.) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 614: 962. 


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 Cardamine nana C. Mueller


Cardamine nana C. Mueller = Rorippa nana (Schlecht.) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Al-Shehbaz, pers. comm.. 


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 Cardamine ovata Benth.



Cardamine ovata Benth.

Reference: Flora Peru: 614: 963; Rollins, R. C., 1948: 101. 
Ecology. 2000-4500 m. 
Voucher: N&uacute;&ntilde;ez & Pyrke 9211 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Puno.


$


 Cardamine ovata var. unijuga O.E. Schulz


Cardamine ovata var. unijuga O.E. Schulz = ?  

Reference: FP 614: 963. 


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 Cardamine sarmentosa Soland. ex Forst.


Cardamine sarmentosa Soland. ex Forst. = Rorippa sarmentosa (Soland. ex Forst.) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 614: 966. 


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 Cardenanthus peruvianus R. C. Foster



Cardenanthus peruvianus R. C. Foster

Reference: Foster, R. C., 1962: 301. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: shrublands. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7387* (F!)
Departments: Tacna.


$


 Cardenanthus shepardae R. C. Foster



Cardenanthus shepardae R. C. Foster

Reference: Foster, R. C., 1945: 5. 
Ecology. 3000-3500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Shepard 99* (G)
Departments: Puno.


$


 Cardenanthus vargasii R. C. Foster



Cardenanthus vargasii R. C. Foster

Reference: Foster, R. C., 1950: 24. 
Ecology. 4000-4500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Vargas 7135* (G)
Departments: Puno.


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 Cardionema ramosissima (Weinmann) Nelson & J.F. Macbr.



Cardionema ramosissima (Weinmann) Nelson & J.F. Macbr.

Synonyms: Cardionema ramosissima Bartl., Cardionema ramosissima Weinmann
Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 616. 
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Andean II-III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 2000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Smith et al. 11934 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lima, La Libertad, Puno.


$


 Cardiospermum altissimum Poepp.


Cardiospermum altissimum Poepp. = Serjania altissma (Poepp.) Radlk.

Reference: FP 1298: 299. 


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 Cardiospermum corindum fo. villosum (Miller) Radlk.


Cardiospermum corindum fo. villosum (Miller) Radlk. = Cardiospermum corindum L.

Reference: FP 1298: 362. 


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 Cardiospermum corindum L.



Cardiospermum corindum L.

Synonyms: Cardiospermum corindum (Miller) Radlk., Cardiospermum corindum Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 1298: 362. 
Ecology: Native vine. Andean II: riversides, rocky slopes, shrublands. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Stork & Horton 9380 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Apur&iacute;mac, Arequipa, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Piura, Lima, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Cardiospermum elegans Kunth


Cardiospermum elegans Kunth = Cardiospermum grandiflorum Sw.

Reference: FP 1298: 363; Croat, T. B., 1977: 429. 


$


 Cardiospermum grandiflorum Sw.



Cardiospermum grandiflorum Sw.

Synonyms: Cardiospermum grandiflorum Kunth, Cardiospermum grandiflorum Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 1298: 363. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, semi-deciduous forests, riversides. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Knapp 7992 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cardiospermum halicacabum L.



Cardiospermum halicacabum L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1298: 364. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas, riversides, rocky slopes, shrublands. 0-3500 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 12328 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes.


$


 Cardiospermum halicacabum var. microcarpum (Kunth in H.B.K.) Blume


Cardiospermum halicacabum var. microcarpum (Kunth in H.B.K.) Blume = Cardiospermum microcarpum Kunth in H.B.K.

Reference: FP 1298: 364; Croat, T. B., 1977: 431. 


$


 Cardiospermum hispidum Kunth


Cardiospermum hispidum Kunth = Cardiospermum grandiflorum Sw.

Reference: FP 1298: 363. 


$


 Cardiospermum loxense Kunth


Cardiospermum loxense Kunth = Cardiospermum corindum L.

Reference: Radlkofer, L., 1932: 398. 


$


 Cardiospermum microcarpum Kunth in H.B.K.



Cardiospermum microcarpum Kunth in H.B.K.

Synonyms: Cardiospermum microcarpum (Kunth in H.B.K.) Blume
Reference: Flora Peru: 1298: 364; Croat, T. B., 1977: 431. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, shrublands. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Huashikat 769 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Carduus lanceolatus L.


Carduus lanceolatus L. = Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten.

Reference: FP 1419: 4. 


$


 Carduus marianus L.


Carduus marianus L. = Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.

Reference: FP 1419: 6. 


$


 Carduus vulgaris Savi


Carduus vulgaris Savi = Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten.

Reference: FP 1419: 4. 


$


 Carex acutata Boott



Carex acutata Boott

Reference: Flora Peru: 735: 315. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Carex atropurpurea Boeckl.


Carex atropurpurea Boeckl. = Carex fecunda var. atropurpurea (Boeckl.) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 735: 318; Sag&aacute;stegui-Alva, A., 1959: 269. 


$


 Carex beecheyana Boott ex Desv.



Carex beecheyana Boott ex Desv.

Reference: Flora Peru: 735: 315. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Carex boliviensis Van Heurck & M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Carex boliviensis Van Heurck & M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: Young, K. R. & B. Le&oacute;n, 1990: 32. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: disturbed areas. 3500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Smith & V&aacute;squez 3481 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, La Libertad.


$


 Carex bonariensis Desf. ex Poir.



Carex bonariensis Desf. ex Poir.

Reference: 0010982, : 338. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: riversides. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 8031 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Carex bonplandii Kunth



Carex bonplandii Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 735: 316. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: disturbed areas, grasslands, riversides. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & Smith 44880 (NY!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Puno.


$


 Carex brachycalama Griseb.



Carex brachycalama Griseb.

Reference: Flora Peru: 735: 316; 0010982, : 340; Wheeler, G. A., 1988: 154. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: disturbed areas. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 1274 (F)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Carex cladostachya Wahlenb.


Carex cladostachya Wahlenb. = Carex polystachya Sw. ex Wahlb.

Reference: FP 735: 316. 


$


 Carex crinalis Boott



Carex crinalis Boott

Synonyms: Carex crinalis J. Presl & C. Presl
Reference: Flora Peru: 735: 317. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: disturbed areas, grasslands, seasonally inundated areas. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 1802 (NY!)
Departments: Ancash, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Carex ecuadorica K&uuml;k.



Carex ecuadorica K&uuml;k.

Reference: Flora Peru: 735: 317. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Carex fecunda Steud.



Carex fecunda Steud.

$


 Carex fecunda var.atropurpurea (Boeckl.) J.F. Macbr.



Carex fecunda var. atropurpurea (Boeckl.) J.F. Macbr.

Synonyms: Carex fecunda atropurpurea Boeckl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 735: 318. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Carex fecunda var.fecunda



Carex fecunda var. fecunda 

Synonyms: Carex fecunda fecunda Steudel in Lechler
Reference: Flora Peru: 735: 317. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Dillon et al. 4414 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Puno.


$


 Carex fuscoata Boecheler


Carex fuscoata Boecheler = Carex pichinchensis Kunth

$


 Carex gayana var.densa K&uuml;k.



Carex gayana var. densa K&uuml;k.

$


 Carex hamata Sw.


Carex hamata Sw. = Uncinia hamata (Sw.) Urb.

Reference: FP 735: 313. 


$


 Carex hebetata Boott



Carex hebetata Boott

Reference: Flora Peru: 735: 318; 0010982, : 340. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: grasslands. 3500-4500 m. 
Voucher: L&oacute;pez et al. 7526 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Jun&iacute;n, Lima.


$


 Carex hermaphrodita Jacq.


Carex hermaphrodita Jacq. = Cyperus hermaphroditus var. hermaphroditus 

Reference: FP 735: 271; Tucker, G. C., 1983: 51. 


$


 Carex hypsipedos C.B. Clarke



Carex hypsipedos C.B. Clarke

Synonyms: Carex hypsipedos K&uuml;k.
Reference: Flora Peru: 735: 318; Wheeler, G. A., 1988: 149. 
Ecology: Native herb. . 
Voucher: Weberbauer 2617* (B photo F), Tovar 6847 (USM!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Carex jamesonii Boott



Carex jamesonii Boott

Reference: Flora Peru: 735: 318; 0010982, : 340. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: disturbed areas. 1500-2000 m. 
Note: Based on material not determined to variety. 
Voucher: Gutte & L&oacute;pez 3759 (LZ)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Carex jamesonii var. chordalis (Liebm.) K&uuml;k.


Carex jamesonii var. chordalis (Liebm.) K&uuml;k. = Carex jamesonii var. gracilis Bailey

Reference: FP 735: 318. 


$


 Carex jamesonii var.gracilis Bailey



Carex jamesonii var. gracilis Bailey

Synonyms: Carex jamesonii var. gracilis (Liebm.) K&uuml;k.
Reference: Flora Peru: 735: 318. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: disturbed areas. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 1652 (NY!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Carex lemanniana Boott



Carex lemanniana Boott

$


 Carex macloviana D'Urv.



Carex macloviana D'Urv.

Reference: Flora Peru: 735: 319. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Carex mandoniana Boeckl.



Carex mandoniana Boeckl.

Synonyms: Carex mandoniana Liebm.
Reference: Flora Peru: 735: 319. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Carex marcida Boott in Hook.


Carex marcida Boott in Hook. = Carex praegracilis (Hemsl.) Boott

Reference: FP 735: 319. 


$


 Carex microglochin subsp.fuegina K&uuml;k.



Carex microglochin subsp. fuegina K&uuml;k.

Reference: Kuekenthal, G., 1909: 109. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Le&oacute;n & Young 1545A (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Carex microglochin Wahlenb.



Carex microglochin Wahlenb.

Reference: 0010982, : 338. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: disturbed areas. 4000-4500 m. 
Note: Based on material not determined to subspecies.  
Voucher: Gutte 3272 (LZ)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Carex peruviana J. Presl & C. Presl


Carex peruviana J. Presl & C. Presl = Carex crinalis Boott

Reference: FP 735: 317. 


$


 Carex phleoides Cav.


Carex phleoides Cav. = Uncinia phleoides (Cav.) Pers.

Reference: FP 735: 314. 


$


 Carex pichinchensis Kunth



Carex pichinchensis Kunth

Synonyms: Carex pichinchensis (Boott) Boott, Carex pichinchensis Boecheler, Carex pichinchensis Boeckl., Carex pichinchensis Steud.
Reference: Flora Peru: 735: 319. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: disturbed areas. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 8402 (NY!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Carex pichinchensis var. dura (Boott) Boott


Carex pichinchensis var. dura (Boott) Boott = Carex pichinchensis Kunth

Reference: Davidse, pers. comm.. 


$


 Carex pinetorum Liebm.


Carex pinetorum Liebm. = Carex mandoniana Boeckl.

Reference: FP 735: 319. 


$


 Carex polystachya Sw. ex Wahlb.



Carex polystachya Sw. ex Wahlb.

Synonyms: Carex polystachya Wahlenb.
Reference: Flora Peru: 735: 316. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, grasslands. 500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 24231 (NY!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco, Piura, Puno.


$


 Carex praegracilis (Hemsl.) Boott



Carex praegracilis (Hemsl.) Boott

Synonyms: Carex praegracilis Boott in Hook.
Reference: Flora Peru: 735: 319. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands. 3000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Smith & C&aacute;ceres 2232 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad.


$


 Carex pseudocyperus L.



Carex pseudocyperus L.

$


 Carex pseudocyperus var.polysticha (Boeckl.) K&uuml;k.



Carex pseudocyperus var. polysticha (Boeckl.) K&uuml;k.

Reference: Flora Peru: 735: 320. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands. 3000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Hitchcock 22215 (NY!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Lima.


$


 Carex ruiziana Boeckl.


Carex ruiziana Boeckl. = Carex pichinchensis Kunth

Reference: FP 735: 309. 


$


 Carex ruizianus Boeckl.


Carex ruizianus Boeckl. = ?  

Reference: FP 735: 271. 


$


 Carex sachapata Steud.


Carex sachapata Steud. = Carex pichinchensis Kunth

Reference: Kuekenthal, G., 1909: 405. 


$


 Carex seditiosa Steudel in Lechler


Carex seditiosa Steudel in Lechler = Carex fecunda var. fecunda 

Reference: FP 735: 317. 


$


 Carex setifolia Kunze ex Kunth.



Carex setifolia Kunze ex Kunth.

Reference: Flora Peru: 735: 320. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Carex umbellata var. depressa K&uuml;k.


Carex umbellata var. depressa K&uuml;k. = Carex hypsipedos C.B. Clarke

Reference: FP 735: 318. 
Note: var. of Carex umbellata Schkuhr  


$


 Carica acuta O. Heilbornn


Carica acuta O. Heilbornn = Carica quercifolia (A. St.-Hil.) Hieron.

Reference: FP 741: 135; Badillo M., V., 1971: 89. 


$


 Carica aprica V.M. Badillo



Carica aprica V.M. Badillo

Reference: Badillo M., V., 1971: 96. 
Ecology. 1000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 6688* (MO!), Cano 2169 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, La Libertad, Piura.


$


 Carica augusti Harms



Carica augusti Harms

Reference: Flora Peru: 741: 135; Badillo M., V., 1971: 81. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: forests. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 7563* (F!)
Departments: Ayacucho.


$


 Carica candicans Gray



Carica candicans Gray

Synonyms: Carica candicans (Gray) A. DC., Carica candicans Raimondi
Reference: Flora Peru: 741: 136; Badillo M., V., 1971: 98; Cuya Matos, O., 1992: 75. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I-II, Coastal: forests, lomas, riversides. 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: U.S. Epl. Exped. s.n.* (US), Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 12455 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Ica, Lima, La Libertad, Moquegua, Piura.


$


 Carica digitata Poepp. & Endl.


Carica digitata Poepp. & Endl. = Jacaratia digitata (Poepp. & Endl.) Solms

Reference: FP 741: 142; Badillo M., V., 1971: 40. 


$


 Carica erythrocarpa Linden & Andre


Carica erythrocarpa Linden & Andre = Carica monoica Desf.

Reference: FP 741: 137; Badillo M., V., 1971: 116. 


$


 Carica glandulosa DC.



Carica glandulosa DC.

Synonyms: Carica glandulosa Solms-Laubach
Reference: Badillo M., V., 1971: 81. 
Ecology. 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: Macora s.n.* (G), Hutchison & Bismarck 6377 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Carica heterophylla Poepp. & Endl.


Carica heterophylla Poepp. & Endl. = Carica microcarpa Jacq. subsp. microcarpa 

Reference: FP 741: 137; Badillo M., V., 1983: 46. 


$


 Carica integrifolia Raimondi


Carica integrifolia Raimondi = Carica candicans Gray

Reference: FP 741: 136; Badillo M., V., 1971: 98. 


$


 Carica lanceolata (DC.,A.) Solms-Laubach


Carica lanceolata (DC.,A.) Solms-Laubach = Carica quercifolia (A. St.-Hil.) Hieron.

Reference: FP 741: 138; Badillo M., V., 1971: 88. 


$


 Carica leptantha Harms


Carica leptantha Harms = Carica parviflora (A. DC.) Solms

Reference: FP 741: 139; Badillo M., V., 1971: 77. 


$


 Carica microcarpa Jacq.



Carica microcarpa Jacq.

$


 Carica microcarpa Jacq. subsp.microcarpa



Carica microcarpa Jacq. subsp. microcarpa 

Synonyms: Carica microcarpa microcarpa A. DC., Carica microcarpa microcarpa O. Heilborn, Carica microcarpa microcarpa Poepp. & Endl., Carica microcarpa subsp. microcarpa (Poepp. & Endl.) V.M. Badillo
Reference: Badillo M., V., 1983: 46. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez et. al. 3395 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Carica microcarpa subsp. heterophylla (Poepp. & Endl.) V.M. Badillo


Carica microcarpa subsp. heterophylla (Poepp. & Endl.) V.M. Badillo = Carica microcarpa Jacq. subsp. microcarpa 

Reference: FP 23364: 46. 


$


 Carica monoica Desf.



Carica monoica Desf.

Synonyms: Carica monoica (Desf.) A. DC., Carica monoica Linden & Andre
Reference: Flora Peru: 741: 138; Badillo M., V., 1971: 116. 
Ecology. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (FI), Kayap 259 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Carica paniculata Spruce


Carica paniculata Spruce = Carica parviflora (A. DC.) Solms

Reference: FP 741: 139; Badillo M., V., 1971: 77. 


$


 Carica papaya L.



Carica papaya L.

Reference: Badillo M., V., 1971: 64. 
Ecology: Cultivated tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: Sullivan et al. 1075 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Carica parviflora (A. DC.) Solms



Carica parviflora (A. DC.) Solms

Synonyms: Carica parviflora A. DC., Carica parviflora Harms, Carica parviflora Spruce
Reference: Flora Peru: 741: 140; Badillo M., V., 1971: 77. 
Ecology. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (G), Ferreyra 12311 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lambayeque, La Libertad, Piura, Tumbes.


$


 Carica plantanifolia Solms-Laubach


Carica plantanifolia Solms-Laubach = Carica glandulosa DC.

Reference: FP 741: 140; Badillo M., V., 1971: 81. 


$


 Carica pubescens (A. DC.) Solms


Carica pubescens (A. DC.) Solms = Carica pubescens Lenne & Koch

Reference: FP 741: 140; Badillo M., V., 1971: 105. 


$


 Carica pubescens Lenne & Koch



Carica pubescens Lenne & Koch

Synonyms: Carica pubescens (A. DC.) Solms, Carica pubescens A. DC.
Reference: Badillo M., V., 1971: 105. 
Ecology: Cultivated tree. Andean I-II: forests. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* , Gentry et al. 23508 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Carica quercifolia (A. St.-Hil.) Hieron.



Carica quercifolia (A. St.-Hil.) Hieron.

Synonyms: Carica quercifolia (DC.,A.) Solms-Laubach, Carica quercifolia A. St.-Hil., Carica quercifolia DC.,A., Carica quercifolia O. Heilbornn
Reference: Badillo M., V., 1971: 87. 
Ecology: Native tree. Andean II: forests. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7170 (F)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cuzco.


$


 Carica spinosa Aubl.


Carica spinosa Aubl. = Jacaratia spinosa (Aubl.) A. DC.

Reference: Badillo M., V., 1971: 53. 


$


 Carica stipulata V.M. Badillo



Carica stipulata V.M. Badillo

Reference: Badillo M., V., 1971: 102. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I: forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 12385 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Carica stylosa O. Heilborn


Carica stylosa O. Heilborn = Carica microcarpa Jacq. subsp. microcarpa 

Reference: FP 741: 141; Badillo M., V., 1983: 46. 


$


 Carica weberbaueri Harms



Carica weberbaueri Harms

Reference: Flora Peru: 741: 142; Badillo M., V., 1971: 111. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Andean II: forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7072* (F, MOL!), Badillo 4705 (MY)
Departments: Amazonas, La Libertad.


$


 Cariniana decandra Ducke



Cariniana decandra Ducke

Reference: Prance, G. T. & S. A. Mori, 1979: 236. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 979 (US)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cariniana domestica (Mart.) Miers



Cariniana domestica (Mart.) Miers

Synonyms: Cariniana domestica Mart.
Reference: Flora Peru: 754: 239; Prance, G. T. & S. A. Mori, 1979: 225. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   The specimen cited in the Flora of Peru, Krukoff 5597, is actually from Brazil.  


$


 Cariniana estrellensis (Raddi) Kuntze



Cariniana estrellensis (Raddi) Kuntze

Synonyms: Cariniana estrellensis Casar, Cariniana estrellensis Raddi
Reference: Flora Peru: 754: 239. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Specimens cited in the Flora of Peru were collected in Rio Acre, Brazil. 


$


 Cariniana multiflora Ducke



Cariniana multiflora Ducke

Reference: Prance, G. T. & S. A. Mori, 1979: 231. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Soria 29 (F)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Carludovica acuminata Poepp. & Endl.


Carludovica acuminata Poepp. & Endl. = ?  

Reference: FP 756: 422. 
Note: NN  


$


 Carludovica acuminata Ruiz & Pav.


Carludovica acuminata Ruiz & Pav. = Asplundia acuminata (Ruiz & Pav.) Harling

Reference: FP 756: 422; Harling, G., 1958: 166. 


$


 Carludovica angustifolia Ruiz & Pav.


Carludovica angustifolia Ruiz & Pav. = Sphaeradenia angustifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Harling

Reference: FP 756: 423; Harling, G., 1958: 346. 


$


 Carludovica chelidonura Drude


Carludovica chelidonura Drude = Evodianthus funifer (Poit.) Lindm. subsp. funifer 

Reference: FP 756: 423; Harling, G., 1958: 265. 


$


 Carludovica divergens Drude



Carludovica divergens Drude

Reference: Flora Peru: 756: 424; Harling, G., 1958: 166. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Harling (1958) discusses the misuse of this name by Standley (1936, p. 424).  Carludovica divergens is only known from Brazil. 


$


 Carludovica ecuadoriensis Harling


Carludovica ecuadoriensis Harling = Asplundia ecuadoriensis (Harling) Harling

Reference: Harling, G., 1958: 188. 


$


 Carludovica elegans Dammer ex Huber, Bol.



Carludovica elegans Dammer ex Huber, Bol.

Reference: Flora Peru: 756: 424; Harling, G., 1958: 406. 
Note: Harling (1958) list this as an unidentifiable species. 


$


 Carludovica fanshawei Maguire


Carludovica fanshawei Maguire = Asplundia fanshawei (Maguire) Harling

Reference: Harling, G., 1958: 233. 


$


 Carludovica humilis Poepp. & Endl.


Carludovica humilis Poepp. & Endl. = Asplundia humilis (Poepp. & Endl.) Harling

Reference: FP 756: 425; Harling, G., 1958: 252. 


$


 Carludovica latifolia Ruiz & Pav.


Carludovica latifolia Ruiz & Pav. = Asplundia latifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Harling

Reference: FP 756: 425; Harling, G., 1958: 189. 


$


 Carludovica latifrons Drude



Carludovica latifrons Drude

Reference: Flora Peru: 756: 425; Harling, G., 1958: 204. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Spicimens cited in the Flora of Peru are redetermined by Harling (1958) as Asplundia peruviana or A. flavovaginata. 


$


 Carludovica moritziana Klotzsch


Carludovica moritziana Klotzsch = Asplundia moritziana (Klotzsch) Harling

Reference: Harling, G., 1958: 144. 


$


 Carludovica palmata Ruiz & Pav.



Carludovica palmata Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Carludovica palmata (Ruiz & Pavon) Pers., Carludovica palmata (Ruiz & Pavon) Willd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 756: 425; Harling, G., 1958: 128. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez et al. 6962 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco.


$


 Carludovica rhodocephala Harling


Carludovica rhodocephala Harling = Sphaeradenia rhodocephala (Harling) Harling

Reference: Harling, G., 1958: 391. 


$


 Carludovica steyermarkii Harling


Carludovica steyermarkii Harling = Sphaeradenia steyermarkii (Harling) Harling

Reference: Harling, G., 1958: 371. 


$


 Carludovica tetragonopus Mart. ex Drude



Carludovica tetragonopus Mart. ex Drude

Reference: Flora Peru: 756: 426; Harling, G., 1958: 253. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Specimens cited in Standley (1936) are redetermined as A. peruviana fide Harling (1958). 


$


 Carludovica trailiana Drude


Carludovica trailiana Drude = Evodianthus funifer subsp. trailianus (Drude) Harling

Reference: Harling, G., 1958: 271. 


$


 Carludovica trigona Ruiz & Pav.


Carludovica trigona Ruiz & Pav. = Geonoma trigona (Ruiz & Pav.) A.H. Gentry

Reference: FP 756: 426; Gentry, A. H., 1986: 161. 


$


 Carludovica tristicha Drude



Carludovica tristicha Drude

Reference: Harling, G., 1958: 257. 
Note: The name C. tristicha is probably an unpublished name.  It appears in the Field Museum Type Catalogue based on the collection Poeppig 2136, which is redetermined by Harling (1958) as T. bissectus (Vell. Conc.) Harling.  


$


 Carludovica williamsii Standl.


Carludovica williamsii Standl. = Dicranopygium williamsii (Standl.) Harling

Reference: FP 756: 427; Harling, G., 1958: 289. 


$


 Carolinea insignis Sw.


Carolinea insignis Sw. = Pachira insignis (Sw.) Sw. ex Savigny

Reference: Robyns, A., 1963: 247. 


$


 Carota sativa Rupr.


Carota sativa Rupr. = Daucus carota L.

Reference: FP 1293: 41. 


$


 Carphobolus asterotrichus (Poepp.) Sch. Bip.


Carphobolus asterotrichus (Poepp.) Sch. Bip. = Piptocarpha asterotrichia (Poepp.) Baker

Reference: FP 1416: 49. 


$


 Carphobolus latifolius Sch. Bip.


Carphobolus latifolius Sch. Bip. = Piptocarpha opaca (Benth.) Baker

Reference: FP 1416: 51. 


$


 Carphobolus lechleri Sch. Bip.


Carphobolus lechleri Sch. Bip. = Piptocarpha lechleri (Sch. Bip.) Baker

Reference: FP 1416: 53. 


$


 Carphobolus poeppigiana (DC.) Sch. Bip.


Carphobolus poeppigiana (DC.) Sch. Bip. = Piptocarpha poeppigiana (DC.) Baker

Reference: FP 1416: 48. 


$


 Carphobolus tereticaulis (DC.) Sch. Bip.


Carphobolus tereticaulis (DC.) Sch. Bip. = Piptocarpha poeppigiana (DC.) Baker

Reference: FP 1416: 48. 


$


 Carpodetes recurvata (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Herbert


Carpodetes recurvata (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Herbert = Stenomesson recurvatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Baker

Reference: FP 1190: 682. 


$


 Carpotroche amazonica C. Mart.



Carpotroche amazonica C. Mart.

Synonyms: Carpotroche amazonica (C. Mart.) J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 732: 16; Sleumer, H., 1980: 38. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Carpotroche longifolia (Poepp.) Benth.



Carpotroche longifolia (Poepp.) Benth.

Synonyms: Carpotroche longifolia Poepp., Carpotroche longifolia R. Schultes
Reference: Flora Peru: 732: 18; Sleumer, H., 1980: 35. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Mexia 6131 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Carpotroche mollis J.F. Macbr.


Carpotroche mollis J.F. Macbr. = Mayna grandifolia (H. Karst.) Warb.

Reference: FP 732: 16; Sleumer, H., 1980: 24. 


$


 Carpotroche parvifolia J.F. Macbr.


Carpotroche parvifolia J.F. Macbr. = Mayna parvifolia (J.F. Macbr.) Sleumer

Reference: FP 732: 19; Sleumer, H., 1980: 25. 


$


 Carpunya oblongata (Opiz in Presl) Presl


Carpunya oblongata (Opiz in Presl) Presl = Piper oblongatum Opiz in Presl

Reference: FP 1216: 198. 


$



$


 Carum carvi L.



Carum carvi L.

$


 Carum graveolens (L.) Koso-Pol.


Carum graveolens (L.) Koso-Pol. = Apium graveolens L.

Reference: FP 1293: 9. 


$


 Carum petroselinum (L.) Benth. & Hook. f.


Carum petroselinum (L.) Benth. & Hook. f. = Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Nyman

Reference: FP 1293: 91. 


$


 Carum visnaga (L.) Koso-Pol.


Carum visnaga (L.) Koso-Pol. = Ammi visnaga (L.) Lam.

Reference: FP 1293: 8. 


$


 Caryocar amygdaliforme Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don



Caryocar amygdaliforme Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don

Reference: Flora Peru: 1308: 700; Prance, G. T., 1987: 180. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Note: Also appears in some publications as "amydaliforme." 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Klug 3907 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Caryocar coccineum Pilg.


Caryocar coccineum Pilg. = Caryocar glabrum (Aubl.) Pers. subsp. glabrum 

Reference: FP 1308: 698; Prance, G. T. & M. Freitas da Silva, 1973: 40. 


$


 Caryocar glabrum (Aubl.) Pers.



Caryocar glabrum (Aubl.) Pers.

$


 Caryocar glabrum (Aubl.) Pers. subsp.glabrum



Caryocar glabrum (Aubl.) Pers. subsp. glabrum 

Synonyms: Caryocar glabrum glabrum Aubl., Caryocar glabrum glabrum Pilg., Caryocar glabrum glabrum Pilg.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1308: 699; Prance, G. T. & M. Freitas da Silva, 1973: 40; Encarnaci&oacute;n, F. & R. Spichiger, 1981: 339. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & Revilla 20682 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Caryocar harlingii Prance & Encarn.



Caryocar harlingii Prance & Encarn.

Reference: Prance, G. T., 1987: 182. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Prance & Encarnaci&oacute;n 29333* (MO!), V&aacute;squez et al. 10003 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Caryocar microcarpum Ducke



Caryocar microcarpum Ducke

Reference: Flora Peru: 1308: 700; Prance, G. T. & M. Freitas da Silva, 1973: 51. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & Revilla 21156 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Caryocar tessmannii Pilg.


Caryocar tessmannii Pilg. = Caryocar glabrum (Aubl.) Pers. subsp. glabrum 

Reference: FP 1308: 700; Prance, G. T. & M. Freitas da Silva, 1973: 40. 


$


 Caryochloa bahiensis Steud.


Caryochloa bahiensis Steud. = Luziola bahiensis (Steud.) Hitchc.

Reference: Swallen, J. R., 1965: 474. 


$


 Caryochloa montevidensis Spreng.


Caryochloa montevidensis Spreng. = Piptochaetium montevidense (Spreng.) Parodi

Reference: S&aacute;nchez V., I., 1991: 32. 


$


 Caryodaphnopsis fosteri van der Werff



Caryodaphnopsis fosteri van der Werff

Reference: Werff, H. van der, 1986: 415. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Foster 9585* (MO!), Gentry et al. 26865 (MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios.


$


 Caryodaphnopsis inaequalis (A.C. Sm.) van der Werff & Richter



Caryodaphnopsis inaequalis (A.C. Sm.) van der Werff & Richter

Synonyms: Caryodaphnopsis inaequalis A.C. Sm.
Reference: Werff, H. van der & H. G. Richter, 1985: 169. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 42759 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Caryodaphnopsis tomentosa van der Werff



Caryodaphnopsis tomentosa van der Werff

Reference: Werff, H. van der, 1991: 409. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 6387 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Caryodendron grandifolium (M&uuml;ll. Arg.) Pax



Caryodendron grandifolium (M&uuml;ll. Arg.) Pax

Synonyms: Caryodendron grandifolium M&uuml;ll. Arg.
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 154. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Listed as a synonym of C. janeirense Muell. Arg. in Huft (1989: 1077). 
Voucher: Schunke 6768 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Caryodendron orinocense H. Karst.



Caryodendron orinocense H. Karst.

Reference: Reckin, J., 1982: 105. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 56087 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Caryomene grandifolia Barneby & Krukoff



Caryomene grandifolia Barneby & Krukoff

Reference: Krukoff, B. A., 1979: 247. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 26 (NY!)
Departments: Ancash, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Cascabela peruviana (Pers.) Raf.


Cascabela peruviana (Pers.) Raf. = Thevetia peruviana (Pers.) K. Schum. in Engl. & Prantl

$


 Cascarilla acutifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Wedd.


Cascarilla acutifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Wedd. = Ladenbergia acutifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Klotzsch

Reference: FP 1365: 39. 


$


 Cascarilla bullata Wedd.


Cascarilla bullata Wedd. = Ladenbergia bullata (Wedd.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1365: 40. 


$


 Cascarilla caduciflora (Humb. & Bonpl.) Wedd.


Cascarilla caduciflora (Humb. & Bonpl.) Wedd. = Ladenbergia magnifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Klotzsch

Reference: FP 1365: 43; Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 71. 


$


 Cascarilla calyptrata Wedd.


Cascarilla calyptrata Wedd. = Ladenbergia crassifolia (Pav. ex DC.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1365: 41; Standley, P. C., 1931: 200. 


$


 Cascarilla carua Wedd.


Cascarilla carua Wedd. = Ladenbergia carua (Wedd.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1365: 40; Standley, P. C., 1931: 274. 


$


 Cascarilla gavanensis Schltdl.


Cascarilla gavanensis Schltdl. = Ladenbergia gavanensis (Schltdl.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1365: 42. 


$


 Cascarilla glandulifera Ruiz


Cascarilla glandulifera Ruiz = Cinchona glandulifera Ruiz & Pav.

$


 Cascarilla heterophylla Wedd.


Cascarilla heterophylla Wedd. = Ladenbergia heterophylla (Wedd.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1365: 43; Standley, P. C., 1930: 18. 


$


 Cascarilla macrocarpa (Vahl) Wedd.


Cascarilla macrocarpa (Vahl) Wedd. = Ladenbergia macrocarpa (Vahl) Klotzsch

Reference: Standley, P. C., 1931: 200. 


$


 Cascarilla magnifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Wedd.


Cascarilla magnifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Wedd. = Ladenbergia magnifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Klotzsch

Reference: FP 1365: 43; Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 71. 


$


 Cascarilla magnifolia var. caduciflora (Humb. & Bonpl.) Wedd.


Cascarilla magnifolia var. caduciflora (Humb. & Bonpl.) Wedd. = Ladenbergia magnifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Klotzsch

Reference: FP 1365: 43; Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 71. 


$


 Cascarilla magnifolia var. rostrata (Wedd.) Wedd.


Cascarilla magnifolia var. rostrata (Wedd.) Wedd. = Ladenbergia magnifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Klotzsch

Reference: FP 1365: 43; Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 71. 


$


 Cascarilla magnifolia var. vulgaris Wedd.


Cascarilla magnifolia var. vulgaris Wedd. = Ladenbergia magnifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Klotzsch

Reference: FP 1365: 43; Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 71. 


$


 Cascarilla riveroana Wedd.


Cascarilla riveroana Wedd. = Ladenbergia riveroana (Wedd.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1365: 45; Standley, P. C., 1931: 201. 


$


 Cascarilla rostrata Wedd.


Cascarilla rostrata Wedd. = Ladenbergia magnifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Klotzsch

Reference: FP 1365: 43; Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 71. 


$


 Cascarilla stenocarpa (Lambert) Wedd.


Cascarilla stenocarpa (Lambert) Wedd. = Ladenbergia stenocarpa (Lambert) Klotzsch

Reference: FP 1365: 45. 


$


 Casearia aculeata Jacq.



Casearia aculeata Jacq.

Synonyms: Casearia aculeata (Eichler) J.F. Macbr., Casearia aculeata L., nom. illeg. superfl., Casearia aculeata Rusby, Casearia aculeata Willd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 732: 39; Sleumer, H., 1980: 328. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, riversides, seasonally inundated areas, terra firme forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 7408 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Casearia aculeata var. tafallana (Eichler) J.F. Macbr.


Casearia aculeata var. tafallana (Eichler) J.F. Macbr. = Casearia aculeata Jacq.

Reference: FP 732: 40; Sleumer, H., 1980: 330. 


$


 Casearia arborea (Rich.) Urb.



Casearia arborea (Rich.) Urb.

Synonyms: Casearia arborea (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers., Casearia arborea Eichler, Casearia arborea Rich., Casearia arborea Ruiz & Pav., Casearia arborea Rusby, Casearia arborea Vent.
Reference: Flora Peru: 732: 40; Sleumer, H., 1980: 313. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Croat 20255 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Casearia arguta Kunth



Casearia arguta Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 732: 41; Sleumer, H., 1980: 373. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Casearia bangii Rusby


Casearia bangii Rusby = Casearia arborea (Rich.) Urb.

Reference: FP 732: 42; Sleumer, H., 1980: 315. 


$


 Casearia berberoidea Rusby


Casearia berberoidea Rusby = Casearia aculeata Jacq.

Reference: FP 732: 40; Sleumer, H., 1980: 330. 


$


 Casearia blanchetiana Miq.


Casearia blanchetiana Miq. = Casearia ulmifolia M. Vahl ex Vent.

Reference: FP 732: 42; Sleumer, H., 1980: 323. 


$


 Casearia cambessedesii Eichler


Casearia cambessedesii Eichler = Casearia ulmifolia M. Vahl ex Vent.

Reference: FP 732: 42; Sleumer, H., 1980: 323. 


$


 Casearia capitata (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.


Casearia capitata (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers. = Casearia arborea (Rich.) Urb.

Reference: FP 732: 41; Sleumer, H., 1980: 314. 


$


 Casearia celtidifolia Poepp. ex Eichler


Casearia celtidifolia Poepp. ex Eichler = Casearia ulmifolia M. Vahl ex Vent.

Reference: FP 732: 42; Sleumer, H., 1980: 323. 


$


 Casearia combaymensis Tul.



Casearia combaymensis Tul.

Synonyms: Casearia combaymensis Britton, Casearia combaymensis Eichler
Reference: Flora Peru: 732: 42; Sleumer, H., 1980: 304. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests, riversides. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Mathias & Taylor 5501 (US)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Casearia commutata Briq.


Casearia commutata Briq. = Casearia obovalis Poepp. ex Griseb.

Reference: FP 732: 46; Sleumer, H., 1980: 372. 


$


 Casearia decandra Jacq.



Casearia decandra Jacq.

Synonyms: Casearia decandra Ruiz & Pav., Casearia decandra Sleumer, Casearia decandra Willd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 732: 43; Sleumer, H., 1980: 344. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Hutchinson 1461 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Casearia fasciculata (Ruiz & Pav.) Sleumer



Casearia fasciculata (Ruiz & Pav.) Sleumer

Synonyms: Casearia fasciculata Pilg., Casearia fasciculata Poepp. ex Eichler, Casearia fasciculata Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 732: 43; Sleumer, H., 1980: 306. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: seasonally inundated areas, terra firme forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Mexia 6108 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Casearia fockeana Miq.


Casearia fockeana Miq. = Casearia mariquitensis Kunth

Reference: FP 732: 41; Sleumer, H., 1980: 363. 


$


 Casearia gossypiosperma Briq.



Casearia gossypiosperma Briq.

Reference: Sleumer, H., 1980: 384. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Aspajo 6 (F)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Madre de Dios.


$


 Casearia iquitosensis J. F. Macbride, nom. inval.


Casearia iquitosensis J. F. Macbride, nom. inval. = Casearia javitensis Kunth

Reference: FP 732: 44; Sleumer, H., 1980: 403. 


$


 Casearia javitensis Kunth



Casearia javitensis Kunth

Synonyms: Casearia javitensis J. F. Macbride, nom. inval.
Reference: Flora Peru: 732: 44; Sleumer, H., 1980: 402. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Dodson 2853 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Casearia macrophylla M. Vahl, nom. illeg.


Casearia macrophylla M. Vahl, nom. illeg. = Casearia pitumba Sleumer

Reference: FP 732: 45; Sleumer, H., 1980: 350. 


$


 Casearia macrophylla var. barbatula J.F. Macbr.


Casearia macrophylla var. barbatula J.F. Macbr. = Casearia pitumba Sleumer

Reference: FP 732: 45; Sleumer, H., 1980: 350. 


$


 Casearia maculata Pilg.


Casearia maculata Pilg. = Casearia fasciculata (Ruiz & Pav.) Sleumer

Reference: FP 732: 43; Sleumer, H., 1980: 307. 


$


 Casearia mariquitensis Kunth



Casearia mariquitensis Kunth

Synonyms: Casearia mariquitensis Miq., Casearia mariquitensis Pilg.
Reference: Sleumer, H., 1980: 363. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 6352 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Casearia mathewsii Turcz.


Casearia mathewsii Turcz. = Casearia prunifolia Kunth

Reference: Sleumer, H., 1980: 361. 


$


 Casearia membranacea Britton


Casearia membranacea Britton = Casearia combaymensis Tul.

Reference: FP 732: 42; Sleumer, H., 1980: 305. 


$


 Casearia negrensis Eichler



Casearia negrensis Eichler

Reference: Sleumer, H., 1980: 326. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Croat 20695 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Pasco.


$


 Casearia nigricans Sleumer



Casearia nigricans Sleumer

Reference: Flora Peru: 732: 45; Sleumer, H., 1980: 377. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I: forests. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4727* (F), Croat 17912 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Casearia nigricolor Sleumer



Casearia nigricolor Sleumer

Reference: Flora Peru: 732: 46; Sleumer, H., 1980: 377. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: forests. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7051* (F), L&oacute;pez 9059 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, La Libertad.


$


 Casearia obovalis Poepp. ex Griseb.



Casearia obovalis Poepp. ex Griseb.

Synonyms: Casearia obovalis Briq., Casearia obovalis Poepp. ex Eichler
Reference: Flora Peru: 732: 46; Sleumer, H., 1980: 372. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 2438* (B photo F), Kayap 640 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes.


$


 Casearia obovata Poepp. ex Eichler


Casearia obovata Poepp. ex Eichler = Casearia obovalis Poepp. ex Griseb.

Reference: FP 732: 46; Sleumer, H., 1980: 372. 


$


 Casearia ovoidea Sleumer


Casearia ovoidea Sleumer = Casearia sylvestris Sw. var. sylvestris 

Reference: FP 732: 46; Sleumer, H., 1980: 392. 


$


 Casearia parvifolia Willd.


Casearia parvifolia Willd. = Casearia decandra Jacq.

Reference: FP 732: 43; Sleumer, H., 1980: 345. 


$


 Casearia pavoniana Sleumer


Casearia pavoniana Sleumer = Casearia decandra Jacq.

Reference: FP 732: 47; Sleumer, H., 1980: 346. 


$


 Casearia petiolaris Poepp. ex Eichler


Casearia petiolaris Poepp. ex Eichler = Casearia fasciculata (Ruiz & Pav.) Sleumer

Reference: FP 732: 48; Sleumer, H., 1980: 307. 


$


 Casearia pitumba Sleumer



Casearia pitumba Sleumer

Synonyms: Casearia pitumba J. F. Macbride, nom. inval., Casearia pitumba J.F. Macbr., Casearia pitumba M. Vahl, nom. illeg.
Reference: Sleumer, H., 1980: 350. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, riversides. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 2241 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Casearia poeppigii Eichler


Casearia poeppigii Eichler = Casearia arborea (Rich.) Urb.

Reference: FP 732: 41; Sleumer, H., 1980: 314. 


$


 Casearia prunifolia Kunth



Casearia prunifolia Kunth

Synonyms: Casearia prunifolia Turcz.
Reference: Flora Peru: 732: 48; Sleumer, H., 1980: 361. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: cloud forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Bonpland 3625* (P-Humb, photo F), Revilla 507 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Casearia reginae J. F. Macbride, nom. inval.


Casearia reginae J. F. Macbride, nom. inval. = Casearia ulmifolia M. Vahl ex Vent.

Reference: Sleumer, H., 1980: 323. 
Note: nom. illeg.  


$


 Casearia resinifera Spruce ex Eichler



Casearia resinifera Spruce ex Eichler

Reference: Flora Peru: 732: 48; Sleumer, H., 1980: 325. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 307 (F)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Casearia singularis Eichler


Casearia singularis Eichler = Casearia combaymensis Tul.

Reference: FP 732: 42; Sleumer, H., 1980: 305. 


$


 Casearia spinosa Willd.


Casearia spinosa Willd. = Casearia aculeata Jacq.

Reference: FP 732: 39; Sleumer, H., 1980: 329. 
Note: nom. illeg., superfl.  


$


 Casearia stipularis Vent.


Casearia stipularis Vent. = Casearia arborea (Rich.) Urb.

Reference: FP 732: 41; Sleumer, H., 1980: 314. 


$


 Casearia sylvestris Sw.



Casearia sylvestris Sw.

$


 Casearia sylvestris Sw. var.sylvestris



Casearia sylvestris Sw. var. sylvestris 

Synonyms: Casearia sylvestris sylvestris Sleumer
Reference: Flora Peru: 732: 49; Sleumer, H., 1980: 392. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Croat 17492 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Puno.


$


 Casearia tarapotina Pilg.


Casearia tarapotina Pilg. = Casearia mariquitensis Kunth

Reference: FP 732: 49; Sleumer, H., 1980: 363. 


$


 Casearia timbuchi J. F. Macbride, nom. inval.


Casearia timbuchi J. F. Macbride, nom. inval. = Casearia pitumba Sleumer

Reference: Sleumer, H., 1980: 350. 
Note: nom. illeg.  


$


 Casearia uleana Sleumer



Casearia uleana Sleumer

Reference: Sleumer, H., 1980: 378. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas, terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ule 9625* (G), Croat 18843 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.


$


 Casearia ulmifolia M. Vahl ex Vent.



Casearia ulmifolia M. Vahl ex Vent.

Synonyms: Casearia ulmifolia Eichler, Casearia ulmifolia J. F. Macbride, nom. inval., Casearia ulmifolia Kunth, Casearia ulmifolia Miq., Casearia ulmifolia Poepp. ex Eichler
Reference: Sleumer, H., 1980: 322. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Croat 20533 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Casearia zahlbruckneri Szyszylowicz



Casearia zahlbruckneri Szyszylowicz

Reference: Sleumer, H., 1980: 370. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Jelski 347* (B photo F), D&iacute;az & Osores 2955 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Casimirella ampla (Miers) R.A. Howard



Casimirella ampla (Miers) R.A. Howard

Synonyms: Casimirella ampla (Miers) Baehni, Casimirella ampla (Miers) Engl., Casimirella ampla Huber, Casimirella ampla Miers
Reference: Howard, R. A., 1992: 168. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry 46151 (MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios.


$


 Casimiroa edulis Llave & Lex.



Casimiroa edulis Llave & Lex.

Reference: Standley, P. C., 1923: 527. 
Ecology: Cultivated shrub, tree. . 
Note: Widely cultivated but no voucher seen (Reynel, pers. comm.).  
Departments: Lima, Loreto.


$


 Casparya coccinea Klotzsch


Casparya coccinea Klotzsch = Begonia urticae L. f. var. urticae 

Reference: FP 747: 187; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 246, 253. 


$


 Casparya columnaris (Benth.) A. DC.


Casparya columnaris (Benth.) A. DC. = Begonia urticae L. f. var. urticae 

Reference: FP 747: 187; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 246, 253. 


$


 Casparya columnaris var. glabra A. DC.


Casparya columnaris var. glabra A. DC. = Begonia urticae L. f. var. urticae 

Reference: FP 747: 187; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 246, 254. 


$


 Casparya cordifolia A. DC.


Casparya cordifolia A. DC. = Begonia hirta var. cordifolia (A. DC.) Lyman B. Smith & B. G. Schubert

Reference: FP 747: 192; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 179, 254. 


$


 Casparya cordifolia var. hirta (Klotzsch) A. DC.


Casparya cordifolia var. hirta (Klotzsch) A. DC. = Begonia hirta var. hirta 

Reference: FP 747: 192; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 179, 254. 


$


 Casparya fuchsiiflora A. DC.


Casparya fuchsiiflora A. DC. = Begonia fuchsiiflora (A. DC.) Baranov & F. Barkley

Reference: Baranov, A. I. & F. A. Barkley, 1973: 220; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 169, 254. 


$


 Casparya hirta Klotzsch


Casparya hirta Klotzsch = Begonia hirta var. hirta 

Reference: FP 747: 192; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 179, 254. 


$


 Cassia absus L.


Cassia absus L. = Chamaecrista absus (L.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby var. absus 

Reference: FP 21: 154; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 664. 


$


 Cassia alata L.


Cassia alata L. = Senna alata (L.) Roxb.

Reference: FP 21: 155; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 460. 


$


 Cassia alcaparillo Kunth


Cassia alcaparillo Kunth = Senna bicapsularis var. augusti (Harms) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 157; Carrillo, F. E., 1974: 57; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 403. 


$


 Cassia andina Rose ex J. F. Macbr.


Cassia andina Rose ex J. F. Macbr. = Senna cushina (J.F. Macbr.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 161; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 475. 


$


 Cassia apoucouita Aubl.


Cassia apoucouita Aubl. = Chamaecrista apoucouita (Aubl.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 155; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1977: 284; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 642. 
Note: NN  


$


 Cassia arequipensis Vogel


Cassia arequipensis Vogel = Senna birostris var. arequipensis (Vogel) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 156; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 342. 


$


 Cassia atomaria L.


Cassia atomaria L. = Senna atomaria (L.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 156; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 588. 
Note: NN  


$


 Cassia augusti Harms


Cassia augusti Harms = Senna bicapsularis var. augusti (Harms) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 157; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 403. 


$


 Cassia aurantia R. & P. ex G. Don


Cassia aurantia R. & P. ex G. Don = Senna aurantia (R. & P. ex G. Don) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 156; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 354. 


$


 Cassia bacillaris L. f.


Cassia bacillaris L. f. = Senna bacillaris (L. f.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby var. bacillaris 

Reference: FP 21: 164; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 111. 
Note: NN  


$


 Cassia bicapsularis L.


Cassia bicapsularis L. = Senna bicapsularis (L.) Roxb. var. bicapsularis 

Reference: FP 21: 157; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 399. 


$


 Cassia bicapsularis var. augusti (Harms) J.F. Macbr.


Cassia bicapsularis var. augusti (Harms) J.F. Macbr. = Senna bicapsularis var. augusti (Harms) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 157; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 403. 


$


 Cassia bicapsularis var. tenuifolia Benth.


Cassia bicapsularis var. tenuifolia Benth. = Senna pendula var. tenuifolia (Benth.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 394. 


$


 Cassia biflora L.



Cassia biflora L.

Synonyms: Cassia biflora (L.) Pittier
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 158; Carrillo, F. E., 1974: 57; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 531; Reveal, J. L., 1992: 131. 
Note: nom. rej. prop.  Discussed under Senna pallida [=S. galegifolia (see Lourteig, 1988a: 400; Reveal, 1992)] by Irwin & Barneby (1982) as a "nom. ambig." indicating that it was based on cultivated material.  Reveal (1992) proposed that this name and C. galegifolia should be rejected.  The Flora of Peru included C. nemorosa H.B.K. [=S. galegifolia (Lourteig, 1988a)] in synonymy under C. biflora. 


$


 Cassia biflora Mill.


Cassia biflora Mill. = Aeschynomene brasiliana (Poir.) DC. var. brasiliana 

Reference: FP 21: 441; Rudd, V. E., 1955: 77; Rudd, V. E., 1959: 48. 


$


 Cassia birostris Dombey ex J. Vogel


Cassia birostris Dombey ex J. Vogel = Senna birostris (Dombey ex J. Vogel) H.S. Irwin & Barneby var. birostris 

Reference: FP 21: 158; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 344. 


$


 Cassia brachypoda Benth.


Cassia brachypoda Benth. = Chamaecrista nictitans subsp. brachypoda (Benth.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 159; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 812. 
Note: NN  


$


 Cassia brasiliana Lam.


Cassia brasiliana Lam. = Cassia grandis L. f.

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 30. 


$


 Cassia brongniartii Gaudichaud


Cassia brongniartii Gaudichaud = Senna brongniartii (Gaudichaud) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 322. 


$


 Cassia browniana (Britton & Rose) Philipson


Cassia browniana (Britton & Rose) Philipson = Chamaecrista nictitans var. paraguariensis (Chodat & Hassl.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 816. 
Note: NN  


$


 Cassia calvens J.F. Macbr.


Cassia calvens J.F. Macbr. = Chamaecrista glandulosa var. andicola H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 159; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 792. 


$


 Cassia chamaecrista fo. flavicoma (Kunth) Kuntze


Cassia chamaecrista fo. flavicoma (Kunth) Kuntze = Chamaecrista glandulosa var. flavicoma (Kunth) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 788. 


$


 Cassia chamaecrista L.


Cassia chamaecrista L. = Chamaecrista fasciculata (Michx.) Greene

Reference: FP 21: 159; Carrillo, F. E., 1974: 60; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 802. 
Note: NN  


$


 Cassia cobanensis (Britton in Britton & Rose) Lundell


Cassia cobanensis (Britton in Britton & Rose) Lundell = Senna cobanensis (Britton in Britton & Rose) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 250. 


$


 Cassia conjugata R. & P. ex Benth.


Cassia conjugata R. & P. ex Benth. = Senna brongniartii (Gaudichaud) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 160; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 322. 


$


 Cassia cookii Killip & J.F. Macbr.


Cassia cookii Killip & J.F. Macbr. = Senna mandonii (Benth.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 160; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 331. 


$


 Cassia cowanii H.S. Irwin & Barneby



Cassia cowanii H.S. Irwin & Barneby

$


 Cassia cowanii var.peruviana (J.F. Macbr.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby



Cassia cowanii var. peruviana (J.F. Macbr.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Synonyms: Cassia cowanii var. peruviana J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 26. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests, riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 336* (F, USM!), Klug 2321 (F)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Cassia cuneata DC.


Cassia cuneata DC. = Chamaecrista lineata (Sw.) Greene var. lineata 

Reference: FP 21: 161; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 754. 
Note: NN  


$


 Cassia cushina J.F. Macbr.


Cassia cushina J.F. Macbr. = Senna cushina (J.F. Macbr.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 161; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 475. 


$


 Cassia cuspidata Willd.


Cassia cuspidata Willd. = Senna pistaciifolia var. glabra (Benth.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 162; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 473. 


$


 Cassia disadena Steud.


Cassia disadena Steud. = Chamaecrista nictitans subsp. disadena (Steud.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 826. 


$


 Cassia dombeyana Vogel


Cassia dombeyana Vogel = Senna aurantia (R. & P. ex G. Don) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 156; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 354. 


$


 Cassia fasciculata Michx.


Cassia fasciculata Michx. = Chamaecrista fasciculata (Michx.) Greene

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 802. 
Note: NN  


$


 Cassia fastuosa Willd. ex Vogel



Cassia fastuosa Willd. ex Vogel

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 162; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 40. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Cassia felipensis Kunth


Cassia felipensis Kunth = Chamaecrista nictitans subsp. disadena (Steud.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 163; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 901 [index]. 


$


 Cassia fistula L.



Cassia fistula L.

Synonyms: Cassia fistula (L.) Pers., Cassia fistula (L.) Willd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 163; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 14; Reveal, J. L., 1992: 137. 
Ecology: Cultivated tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides. 0-1000 m. 
Note: nom. cons. prop.  Reveal (1992) proposes this name for conservation.  No Peru voucher seen although so reported by Irwin & Barneby (1982).  


$


 Cassia flavicoma Kunth


Cassia flavicoma Kunth = Chamaecrista glandulosa var. flavicoma (Kunth) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 164; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 788. 


$


 Cassia floribunda var. scandens (Benth.) Lasseigne


Cassia floribunda var. scandens (Benth.) Lasseigne = Senna pendula var. scandens (Benth.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 395. 


$


 Cassia foliosa G. Don


Cassia foliosa G. Don = ?  

Reference: FP 21: 183; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 55. 


$


 Cassia fraxinifolia Kunth


Cassia fraxinifolia Kunth = Senna pistaciifolia var. glabra (Benth.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 162; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 473. 


$


 Cassia fruticosa Mill.


Cassia fruticosa Mill. = Senna fruticosa (Mill.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 164; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 121. 
Note: NN  


$


 Cassia fruticosa var. benthamiana J.F. Macbr.


Cassia fruticosa var. benthamiana J.F. Macbr. = Senna bacillaris var. benthamiana (J.F. Macbr.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 165; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 114. 


$


 Cassia galegifolia L.


Cassia galegifolia L. = Senna galegifolia (L.) Barneby & Lourteig

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 56; Lourteig, A., 1988: 400. 


$


 Cassia gigantifolia (Britton & Killip) R.S. Cowan


Cassia gigantifolia (Britton & Killip) R.S. Cowan = Senna macrophylla var. gigantifolia (Britton & Killip) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 139. 


$


 Cassia glandulosa L.


Cassia glandulosa L. = Chamaecrista glandulosa (L.) Greene var. glandulosa 

Reference: FP 21: 165; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 782. 
Note: NN  


$


 Cassia glandulosa var. flavicoma (Kunth) Vogel


Cassia glandulosa var. flavicoma (Kunth) Vogel = Chamaecrista glandulosa var. flavicoma (Kunth) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 788. 


$


 Cassia grandis L. f.



Cassia grandis L. f.

Synonyms: Cassia grandis (L. f.) Pers., Cassia grandis (Lam.) Jacq., Cassia grandis Lam.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 166; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 30. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Smith et al. 6711 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cassia haughtii J.F. Macbr.


Cassia haughtii J.F. Macbr. = Senna haughtii (J.F. Macbr.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 166; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 587. 


$


 Cassia helveola J.F. Macbr.


Cassia helveola J.F. Macbr. = Senna birostris var. helveola (J.F. Macbr.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 167; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 343. 


$


 Cassia helveola var. huancavensis J.F. Macbr.


Cassia helveola var. huancavensis J.F. Macbr. = Senna birostris var. huancavensis (J.F. Macbr.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 167; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 341. 


$


 Cassia herzogii Harms


Cassia herzogii Harms = Senna herzogii (Harms) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 145. 


$


 Cassia hirsuta L.


Cassia hirsuta L. = Senna hirsuta (L.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby var. hirsuta 

Reference: FP 21: 167; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 434. 
Note: NN  


$


 Cassia hoffmannseggii C. Martius ex Benth.


Cassia hoffmannseggii C. Martius ex Benth. = Senna latifolia (G. Meyer) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 168; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 143. 


$


 Cassia hookeriana Gillies ex Hook.


Cassia hookeriana Gillies ex Hook. = Senna birostris var. hookeriana (Gillies ex Hook.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 168; Carrillo, F. E., 1974: 60; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 339. 
Note: NN  


$


 Cassia huancabambae Harms


Cassia huancabambae Harms = Senna huancabambae (Harms) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 169; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 561. 


$


 Cassia incarnata Pav. ex Benth.


Cassia incarnata Pav. ex Benth. = Senna incarnata (Pav. ex Benth.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 169; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 526. 


$


 Cassia laeta Kunth


Cassia laeta Kunth = Senna mollissima (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby var. mollissima 

Reference: FP 21: 156; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 595. 
Note: Treated as a synonym of C. atomaria in the Flora of Peru.  


$


 Cassia laevigata var. scandens Benth.


Cassia laevigata var. scandens Benth. = Senna pendula var. scandens (Benth.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 395. 


$


 Cassia laevigata Willd.


Cassia laevigata Willd. = Senna septemtrionalis (Viviani) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 170; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 366. 


$


 Cassia latifolia G. Meyer


Cassia latifolia G. Meyer = Senna latifolia (G. Meyer) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 170; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 143. 


$


 Cassia latopetiolata Dombey ex Vogel


Cassia latopetiolata Dombey ex Vogel = Senna versicolor (Meyen ex J. Vogel) H.S. Irwin & Barneby var. versicolor 

Reference: FP 21: 171; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 309. 


$


 Cassia leiandra Benth.



Cassia leiandra Benth.

$


 Cassia leiandra var. peruviana J.F. Macbr.


Cassia leiandra var. peruviana J.F. Macbr. = Cassia cowanii var. peruviana (J.F. Macbr.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 171; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 26. 


$


 Cassia leiophylla var. pubescens Benth.


Cassia leiophylla var. pubescens Benth. = Senna cobanensis (Britton in Britton & Rose) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 250. 


$


 Cassia leiophylla Vogel


Cassia leiophylla Vogel = Senna leiophylla (Vogel) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 172; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 248. 
Note: See note under Senna leiophylla.  


$


 Cassia leptadenia var. jaliscense Greenm.


Cassia leptadenia var. jaliscense Greenm. = Chamaecrista nictitans var. jaliscensis (Greenm.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 834. 


$


 Cassia leptocarpa Benth.


Cassia leptocarpa Benth. = Senna hirsuta var. leptocarpa (Benth.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 172; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 431. 
Note: NN  


$


 Cassia limensis Lam.


Cassia limensis Lam. = Senna bicapsularis (L.) Roxb. var. bicapsularis 

Reference: FP 21: 157; Carrillo, F. E., 1974: 57; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 402. 


$


 Cassia lineata Sw.


Cassia lineata Sw. = Chamaecrista lineata (Sw.) Greene var. lineata 

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 752. 
Note: NN  


$


 Cassia loretensis Killip & J.F. Macbr. ex Killip


Cassia loretensis Killip & J.F. Macbr. ex Killip = Senna loretensis (Killip & J.F. Macbr. ex Killip) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 172; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 146. 


$


 Cassia lucens var. tenuifolia (Huber) J.F. Macbr.


Cassia lucens var. tenuifolia (Huber) J.F. Macbr. = Senna silvestris (Vell.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby subsp. silvestris 

Reference: FP 21: 173. 


$


 Cassia lucens Vogel


Cassia lucens Vogel = Senna silvestris (Vell.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby subsp. silvestris 

Reference: FP 21: 173; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 89. 


$


 Cassia lutescens G. Don


Cassia lutescens G. Don = Senna multiglandulosa (Jacq.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 357. 


$


 Cassia macrophylla Kunth


Cassia macrophylla Kunth = Senna macrophylla (Kunth) H.S. Irwin & Barneby var. macrophylla 

Reference: FP 21: 174; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 140. 
Note: NN  


$


 Cassia mandonii Benth.


Cassia mandonii Benth. = Senna mandonii (Benth.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 331. 


$


 Cassia marginata Willd.


Cassia marginata Willd. = Senna polyphylla (Jacq.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby var. polyphylla 

Reference: FP 21: 179; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 519. 


$


 Cassia mollissima Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.


Cassia mollissima Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. = Senna mollissima (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby var. mollissima 

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 595. 


$


 Cassia mucronulosa (Pittier) J.F. Macbr.


Cassia mucronulosa (Pittier) J.F. Macbr. = Senna uniflora (Mill.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 144. 
Note: NN  


$


 Cassia multiglandulosa Jacq.


Cassia multiglandulosa Jacq. = Senna multiglandulosa (Jacq.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 357. 


$


 Cassia multijuga Rich.


Cassia multijuga Rich. = Senna multijuga (Rich.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby subsp. multijuga 

Reference: FP 21: 174; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 495. 


$


 Cassia nemorosa Kunth


Cassia nemorosa Kunth = Senna galegifolia (L.) Barneby & Lourteig

Reference: FP 21: 158; Carrillo, F. E., 1974: 57; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 543; Lourteig, A., 1988: 401. 


$


 Cassia obliqua (G. Don) R. & P. ex G. Don


Cassia obliqua (G. Don) R. & P. ex G. Don = Senna obliqua (G. Don) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 175; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 148. 


$


 Cassia obtusifolia L.


Cassia obtusifolia L. = Senna obtusifolia (L.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 252; Reveal, J. L., 1992: 138. 
Note: nom. cons. prop.  


$


 Cassia occidentalis L.


Cassia occidentalis L. = Senna occidentalis (L.) Link

Reference: FP 21: 175; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 436. 


$


 Cassia pallida Vahl


Cassia pallida Vahl = Senna galegifolia (L.) Barneby & Lourteig

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 531; Lourteig, A., 1988: 400. 


$


 Cassia pallidifolia J.F. Macbr.


Cassia pallidifolia J.F. Macbr. = Senna ruiziana (G. Don) H.S. Irwin & Barneby var. ruiziana 

Reference: FP 21: 176; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 152. 


$


 Cassia patellaria DC. ex Colladon


Cassia patellaria DC. ex Colladon = Chamaecrista nictitans var. ramosa (Vogel) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 176; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 818. 


$


 Cassia patellaria var. ramosa Vogel


Cassia patellaria var. ramosa Vogel = Chamaecrista nictitans var. ramosa (Vogel) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 818. 


$


 Cassia pavoniana G. Don


Cassia pavoniana G. Don = Chamaecrista glandulosa var. flavicoma (Kunth) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 177; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 788. 


$


 Cassia pearcei Benth.


Cassia pearcei Benth. = Senna pistaciifolia var. glabra (Benth.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 177; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 473. 


$


 Cassia pendula var. bracteata Lasseigne


Cassia pendula var. bracteata Lasseigne = Senna cajamarcae H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 350. 


$


 Cassia pennelliana Amshoff


Cassia pennelliana Amshoff = Chamaecrista nictitans var. paraguariensis (Chodat & Hassl.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 178; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 815. 
Note: NN  


$


 Cassia peruviana Vogel


Cassia peruviana Vogel = ?  

Reference: FP 21: 175; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 206. 


$


 Cassia picta G. Don


Cassia picta G. Don = Senna pistaciifolia var. picta (G. Don) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 178; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 473. 


$


 Cassia pilifera var. subglabra S. Moore


Cassia pilifera var. subglabra S. Moore = Senna pilifera var. subglabra (S. Moore) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 243. 


$


 Cassia pilifera Vogel


Cassia pilifera Vogel = Senna pilifera (Vogel) H.S. Irwin & Barneby var. pilifera 

Reference: FP 21: 178; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 243. 


$


 Cassia pistaciifolia var. glabra Benth.


Cassia pistaciifolia var. glabra Benth. = Senna pistaciifolia var. glabra (Benth.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 162; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 473. 
Note: This name was based on C. fraxinifolia H.B.K.  


$


 Cassia quinquangulata Rich.


Cassia quinquangulata Rich. = Senna quinquangulata (Rich.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby var. quinquangulata 

Reference: FP 21: 179; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 155. 


$


 Cassia racemosa Mill.


Cassia racemosa Mill. = Senna racemosa (Mill.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 173; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 582. 


$


 Cassia racemosa var. tenuifolia Huber


Cassia racemosa var. tenuifolia Huber = Senna silvestris (Vell.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby subsp. silvestris 

Reference: FP 21: 173; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 89. 


$


 Cassia repens Vogel


Cassia repens Vogel = Chamaecrista repens (Vogel) H.S. Irwin & Barneby var. repens 

Reference: FP 21: 179; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 744. 
Note: NN  


$


 Cassia reticulata Willd.


Cassia reticulata Willd. = Senna reticulata (Willd.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 179; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 458. 


$


 Cassia ruiziana (G. Don) Vogel


Cassia ruiziana (G. Don) Vogel = Senna ruiziana (G. Don) H.S. Irwin & Barneby var. ruiziana 

Reference: FP 21: 180; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 152. 


$


 Cassia santanderensis var. parvianthera Lasseigne


Cassia santanderensis var. parvianthera Lasseigne = Senna lasseigniana H.S. Irwin & Barneby var. lasseigniana 

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 354. 


$


 Cassia scarlatina Ducke


Cassia scarlatina Ducke = Cassia swartzioides var. scarlatina (Ducke) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 181; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 22. 


$


 Cassia secedens Ducke


Cassia secedens Ducke = Senna spinescens (Hoffmannsegg ex J. Vogel) H.S. Irwin & Barneby var. spinescens 

Reference: FP 21: 182; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 214. 


$


 Cassia septemtrionalis Viviani


Cassia septemtrionalis Viviani = Senna septemtrionalis (Viviani) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 365. 


$


 Cassia septentrionalis Zuccagni


Cassia septentrionalis Zuccagni = Senna septemtrionalis (Viviani) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 365. 


$


 Cassia serpens var. grandiflora Benth.


Cassia serpens var. grandiflora Benth. = Chamaecrista serpens var. grandiflora (Benth.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 712. 
Note: NN  


$


 Cassia silvestris Vell.


Cassia silvestris Vell. = Senna silvestris (Vell.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby subsp. silvestris 

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 89. 


$


 Cassia spectabilis DC.


Cassia spectabilis DC. = Senna spectabilis (DC.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby var. spectabilis 

Reference: FP 21: 181; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 603. 


$


 Cassia spinescens Hoffmannsegg ex J. Vogel


Cassia spinescens Hoffmannsegg ex J. Vogel = Senna spinescens (Hoffmannsegg ex J. Vogel) H.S. Irwin & Barneby var. spinescens 

Reference: FP 21: 182; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 214. 


$


 Cassia spruceana Benth.



Cassia spruceana Benth.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 182; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 19. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Known from adjacent region of eastern Ecuador; expected in lowland Loreto, Peru. 


$


 Cassia stipulata G. Don


Cassia stipulata G. Don = Chamaecrista glandulosa var. flavicoma (Kunth) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 164; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 788. 


$


 Cassia swartzioides Ducke



Cassia swartzioides Ducke

$


 Cassia swartzioides Ducke var.swartzioides



Cassia swartzioides Ducke var. swartzioides 

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 183; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 22. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ducke RB 20330* (RB), Revilla 1876 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Cassia swartzioides var.scarlatina (Ducke) H.S. Irwin & Barneby



Cassia swartzioides var. scarlatina (Ducke) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Synonyms: Cassia swartzioides scarlatina Ducke
Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 22. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 2489 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Cassia tapajozensis Ducke


Cassia tapajozensis Ducke = Senna tapajozensis (Ducke) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 175. 


$


 Cassia tenella Kunth


Cassia tenella Kunth = Chamaecrista serpens var. grandiflora (Benth.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 183; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 712. 
Note: NN  


$


 Cassia tomentosa L. f.


Cassia tomentosa L. f. = Senna multiglandulosa (Jacq.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 183; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 357. 


$


 Cassia tora L.



Cassia tora L.

Synonyms: Cassia tora (L.) Britton & Rose ex Britton & P. Wilson
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 184; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 252. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   This name was misapplied in the Flora of Peru (and elsewhere).  New World collections attributed previously to this species are generally referable to Senna obtusifolia. 


$


 Cassia tora var. obtusifolia (L.) Haines


Cassia tora var. obtusifolia (L.) Haines = Senna obtusifolia (L.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 252. 


$


 Cassia uniflora Mill.


Cassia uniflora Mill. = Senna uniflora (Mill.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Note: NN  


$


 Cassia vargasii Schery


Cassia vargasii Schery = Senna vargasii (Schery) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: Schery, R. W., 1950: 401; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 373. 


$


 Cassia versicolor Meyen ex J. Vogel


Cassia versicolor Meyen ex J. Vogel = Senna versicolor (Meyen ex J. Vogel) H.S. Irwin & Barneby var. versicolor 

Reference: FP 21: 168; Carrillo, F. E., 1974: 60; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 309. 
Note: Treated as a synonym of C. hookeriana in the Flora of Peru.  


$


 Cassia weberbaueri J.F. Macbr.


Cassia weberbaueri J.F. Macbr. = Senna mollissima (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby var. mollissima 

Reference: FP 21: 156; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 595. 
Note: Treated as a synonym of C. atomaria  in the Flora of Peru.  


$


 Cassipourea elliptica var. dentata Engl.


Cassipourea elliptica var. dentata Engl. = Cassipourea peruviana Alston

Reference: FP 758: 220. 


$


 Cassipourea peruviana Alston



Cassipourea peruviana Alston

Synonyms: Cassipourea peruviana Briq., Cassipourea peruviana Briq., Cassipourea peruviana Engl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 758: 220; Alston, A. H. G., 1925: 268. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Spruce 4005* (K), McDaniel & Rimachi 17188 (AMAZ!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cassipourea poeppigii Briq.


Cassipourea poeppigii Briq. = Cassipourea peruviana Alston

Reference: FP 758: 220. 


$


 Cassipourea ulei Briq.


Cassipourea ulei Briq. = Cassipourea peruviana Alston

Reference: FP 758: 220. 


$


 Cassupa laevis Triana


Cassupa laevis Triana = Isertia laevis (Triana) B.M. Boom

Reference: Boom, B. M., 1984: 433. 


$


 Cassytha baccifera Solander ex J. S. Miller


Cassytha baccifera Solander ex J. S. Miller = Rhipsalis baccifera (Solander ex J. S. Miller) Stearn

$


 Castalia ampla R. A. Salisbury


Castalia ampla R. A. Salisbury = Nymphaea ampla (R. A. Salisbury) DC.

Reference: FP 1269: 638. 


$


 Castanella paullinioides Spruce ex Radlk.


Castanella paullinioides Spruce ex Radlk. = Paullinia paullinioides Radlk.

Reference: Radlkofer, L., 1931: 303. 
Note: nom. nud. pro syn.  


$


 Castanella riparia Spruce ex Radlk.


Castanella riparia Spruce ex Radlk. = Paullinia sprucei J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Radlkofer, L., 1931: 305. 


$


 Castela erecta Turpin



Castela erecta Turpin

$


 Castelia cuneato-ovata Cav.


Castelia cuneato-ovata Cav. = Pitraea cuneato-ovata (Cavanilles) Caro

Reference: FP 1286: 661; Moldenke, H. N., 1975: 229. 


$


 Castiglionia lobata Ruiz & Pav.


Castiglionia lobata Ruiz & Pav. = Jatropha curcas L.

Reference: FP 674: 160; Dehgan, B. & G. L. Webster, 1979: 52. 


$


 Castilla australis Hemsl.


Castilla australis Hemsl. = Perebea guianensis Aubl. subsp. guianensis 

Reference: FP 1233: 322; Berg, C. C., 1972: 44. 


$


 Castilla elastica Sess&eacute;



Castilla elastica Sess&eacute;

$


 Castilla elastica subsp.elastica



Castilla elastica subsp. elastica 

Reference: Berg, C. C., 1972: 98. 
Ecology: Cultivated tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: @Det. by C. Reynel; could this be a problem?@  
Voucher: Gentry et al. 65628 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Castilla ulei Warb.



Castilla ulei Warb.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1233: 325; Berg, C. C., 1972: 100. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, seasonally inundated areas, terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Seibert 2192 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.


$


 Castilleja alpicola Chuang & Heckard



Castilleja alpicola Chuang & Heckard

Reference: Chuang, T. I. & L. R. Heckard, 1992: 420. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: rocky slopes. 4000-4500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 11969* (GB)
Departments: La Libertad.


$


 Castilleja arvensis Schltdl. & Cham.



Castilleja arvensis Schltdl. & Cham.

Synonyms: Castilleja arvensis Benth.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 658; Holmgren, N. H., 1978: 185. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II, Coastal: grasslands, lomas. 0-3500 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 4493 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Castilleja bracteata Edwin


Castilleja bracteata Edwin = Castilleja pumila (Benth.) Wedd.

Reference: FP 1361: 659; Holmgren, N. H. & U. Molau, 1984: 184. 


$


 Castilleja cerroana Edwin



Castilleja cerroana Edwin

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 660; Chuang, T. I. & L. R. Heckard, 1992: 423. 
Ecology. 3500-4500 m. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   
Voucher: Rauh & Hirsch P2096* (F), Ferreyra 5777 (US)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Castilleja communis Benth.


Castilleja communis Benth. = Castilleja arvensis Schltdl. & Cham.

Reference: FP 1361: 661; Holmgren, N. H., 1978: 185. 


$


 Castilleja coronopifolia Vent.


Castilleja coronopifolia Vent. = Castilleja fissifolia L. f.

Reference: FP 1361: 662. 


$


 Castilleja fissifolia L. f.



Castilleja fissifolia L. f.

Synonyms: Castilleja fissifolia Benth., Castilleja fissifolia Benth., Castilleja fissifolia Vent.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 662. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: riversides. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Dillon et al. 2796 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad.


$


 Castilleja fissifolia subvar. virgata Wedd.


Castilleja fissifolia subvar. virgata Wedd. = Castilleja virgata Dombey ex Wedd.

Reference: FP 1361: 665. 


$


 Castilleja fissifolia var. longifolia Benth.


Castilleja fissifolia var. longifolia Benth. = Castilleja fissifolia L. f.

Reference: FP 1361: 662. 


$


 Castilleja fissifolia var. pumila (Benth.) Wedd.


Castilleja fissifolia var. pumila (Benth.) Wedd. = Castilleja pumila (Benth.) Wedd.

Reference: FP 1361: 663. 


$


 Castilleja laciniata Hook. & Arn.



Castilleja laciniata Hook. & Arn.

Synonyms: Castilleja laciniata (Hook. & Arn.) Keck, Castilleja laciniata (Hook. & Arn.) Ruiz & Pav. ex A. L&ouml;pez, Castilleja laciniata Benth., Castilleja laciniata Fischer & E. Meyer, Castilleja laciniata Lehm.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 695; Chuang, T. I. & L. R. Heckard, 1991: 657; Chuang, T. I. & L. R. Heckard, 1992: 425. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: rocky slopes. 1500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Herrera 3633a (F)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cuzco.


$


 Castilleja nubigena var. pumila Benth.


Castilleja nubigena var. pumila Benth. = Castilleja pumila (Benth.) Wedd.

Reference: FP 1361: 663. 


$


 Castilleja peruviana Chuang & Hechard



Castilleja peruviana Chuang & Hechard

Reference: Chuang, T. I. & L. R. Heckard, 1992: 426. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Duncan 2846* (UC), Pennell 15732 (NY)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, La Libertad.


$


 Castilleja profunda Chuang & Heckard



Castilleja profunda Chuang & Heckard

Reference: Chuang, T. I. & L. R. Heckard, 1992: 427. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II, Coastal: desert, lomas. 0-3500 m. 
Voucher: Hitchcock 22404* (US), Cerrate 33 (UC)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lima.


$


 Castilleja pseudopallescens Edwin



Castilleja pseudopallescens Edwin

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 663. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Vargas 5800* (F)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac.


$


 Castilleja pumila (Benth.) Wedd.



Castilleja pumila (Benth.) Wedd.

Synonyms: Castilleja pumila (Benth.) Wedd., Castilleja pumila Benth., Castilleja pumila Edwin
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 663; Holmgren, N. H. & U. Molau, 1984: 183. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands. 3000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Smith 9381 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Puno.


$


 Castilleja stricta Benth.


Castilleja stricta Benth. = Castilleja fissifolia L. f.

Reference: FP 1361: 662. 


$


 Castilleja vadosa Chuang & Heckard



Castilleja vadosa Chuang & Heckard

Reference: Chuang, T. I. & L. R. Heckard, 1992: 429. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: rocky slopes, shrublands. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison et al. 6266* (UC), Wurdack 460 (F)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, La Libertad, Lima, Pasco.


$


 Castilleja virgata Dombey ex Wedd.



Castilleja virgata Dombey ex Wedd.

Synonyms: Castilleja virgata Wedd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 665. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: grasslands. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison 4393 (USM!)
Departments: Ancash.


$


 Castilleja virgayoides Edwin



Castilleja virgayoides Edwin

Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 665. 
Ecology. 3500-4000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   The Flora of Peru uses the incorrect spelling C. virgatoides. 
Voucher: Pennell 13699* (F)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Casuarina cunninghamiana Miq.



Casuarina cunninghamiana Miq.

$


 Casuarina equisetifolia L.



Casuarina equisetifolia L.

$


 Catadysia rosulans O.E. Schulz



Catadysia rosulans O.E. Schulz

Reference: Flora Peru: 614: 971. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands, rocky slopes.  > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7236* (B!), Duncan et al. 2637 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash.


$


 Catasetum barbatum (Lindl.) Lindl.



Catasetum barbatum (Lindl.) Lindl.

Synonyms: Catasetum barbatum Lindl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 584; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Catasetum callosum Lindl.



Catasetum callosum Lindl.

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Catasetum callosum var. carunculatum (Rchb. f. & Warsz.) Mansf.


Catasetum callosum var. carunculatum (Rchb. f. & Warsz.) Mansf. = Catasetum carunculatum Rchb. f. & Warsz.

Reference: FP 1473: 584; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Catasetum carunculatum Rchb. f. & Warsz.



Catasetum carunculatum Rchb. f. & Warsz.

Synonyms: Catasetum carunculatum (Rchb. f. & Warsz.) Mansf.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 584; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Catasetum charlesworthii Hort.


Catasetum charlesworthii Hort. = Catasetum naso var. charlesworthii (Hort. ) Mansf.

Reference: FP 1473: 586. 


$


 Catasetum chloranthum Cogn.


Catasetum chloranthum Cogn. = Catasetum X sodiroi Schltr.

Reference: FP 1473: 588; Romero, pers. comm.. 
Note: NN  Known from Ecuador.  


$


 Catasetum coniforme C. Schweinf.



Catasetum coniforme C. Schweinf.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 585; Romero, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Catasetum costatum (Rchb. f. (in Mexico)) Rchb. f.



Catasetum costatum (Rchb. f. (in Mexico)) Rchb. f.

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Catasetum cruciatum Schltr.


Catasetum cruciatum Schltr. = Catasetum saccatum Lindl.

Reference: FP 1473: 590. 


$


 Catasetum eburneum Rolfe


Catasetum eburneum Rolfe = Dressleria eburnea (Rolfe) Dodson

Reference: Dodson, C. H., 1975: 132. 


$


 Catasetum incurvum Klotzsch



Catasetum incurvum Klotzsch

Synonyms: Catasetum incurvum (Lindl.) Mansf., Catasetum incurvum Cogn.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 590; Romero, G. A. & R. Jenny, 1992: 243. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I-II: seasonally inundated areas. 500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Warscewicz ex Mathieu s.n.* (B photo W), Woytkowski 2 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Catasetum jarae Dodson & Bennett



Catasetum jarae Dodson & Bennett

Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 17. 
Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Bennett 4221* (MO)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Catasetum lanxiforme Senghas



Catasetum lanxiforme Senghas

Reference: Senghas, K., 1991: 22. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Seeger  O-18204* (HEID)
Departments: Loreto.


$



$


 Catasetum microglossum Rolfe



Catasetum microglossum Rolfe

Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 586; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: D&iacute;az et al. 1326 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Catasetum moorei C. Schweinf.



Catasetum moorei C. Schweinf.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1510: 50; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Pastorelli illus.  
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Catasetum multifissum Senghas



Catasetum multifissum Senghas

Reference: Senghas, K., 1991: 60. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Seeger O-18204A* (HEID)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Catasetum nanayanum Dodson & Bennett



Catasetum nanayanum Dodson & Bennett

Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 18. 
Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Bennett 3810* (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Catasetum napoense Dodson



Catasetum napoense Dodson

Reference: Dodson, C. H., 1978: 156. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Pastorelli illus.  


$


 Catasetum naso Lindl.



Catasetum naso Lindl.

$


 Catasetum naso var.charlesworthii (Hort. ) Mansf.



Catasetum naso var. charlesworthii (Hort. ) Mansf.

Synonyms: Catasetum naso charlesworthii Hort.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 586. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Catasetum peruvianum Dodson & Bennett



Catasetum peruvianum Dodson & Bennett

Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 19. 
Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Bennett & Bennett 1687* (AMES)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Catasetum planiceps Lindl.



Catasetum planiceps Lindl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 586; Romero, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Catasetum pusillum C. Schweinf.



Catasetum pusillum C. Schweinf.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 588; Romero, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Catasetum recurvatum Link



Catasetum recurvatum Link

Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 588; Romero, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Catasetum saccatum Lindl.



Catasetum saccatum Lindl.

Synonyms: Catasetum saccatum Schltr.
Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Seibert 2443 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Catasetum saccatum var. incurvum (Lindl.) Mansf.


Catasetum saccatum var. incurvum (Lindl.) Mansf. = Catasetum incurvum Klotzsch

Reference: FP 1473: 590; Romero, G. A. & R. Jenny, 1992: 243. 


$


 Catasetum schunkei Dodson & Bennett



Catasetum schunkei Dodson & Bennett

Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 20. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Bennett 3369* (SEL), Gentry et al. 19000 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Catasetum stevensonii Dodson



Catasetum stevensonii Dodson

Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 21. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Bennett 3808 (MO)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Catasetum stupendum Cogn.


Catasetum stupendum Cogn. = Catasetum incurvum Klotzsch

Reference: FP 1473: 590; Romero, G. A. & R. Jenny, 1992: 243; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Catasetum tenebrosum Kraenzl.



Catasetum tenebrosum Kraenzl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 591; Romero, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I: forests. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Wolter s.n.* (HBG!), Woytkowski 6024 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Catasetum tenuiglossum Senghas



Catasetum tenuiglossum Senghas

Reference: Senghas, K., 1991: 20. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Rauh 20410* (HEID)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Catasetum trautmannii Senghas



Catasetum trautmannii Senghas

Reference: Senghas, K., 1990: 216. 
Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Trautmann s.n.* (HEID)


$


 Catasetum tuberculatum Dodson



Catasetum tuberculatum Dodson

Reference: Dodson, C. H. & P. M. Dodson, 1982: 410. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Catasetum X violascens Rchb. f. & Warsz.



Catasetum X violascens Rchb. f. & Warsz.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 591; Romero, G. A. & R. Jenny, 1992: 246; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. . 
Note: @As Catasetum X violascens Reichb. f. & Warsc. (pro sp.)@ 
Voucher: Warscewicz 14* (K)
Departments: Cajamarca, Piura.


$


 Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don



Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don

Synonyms: Catharanthus roseus (L.) Rchb. ex K. Schum., Catharanthus roseus L.
Reference: Stearn, W. T., 1975: 31. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: N&uacute;&ntilde;ez 6547 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Lima, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cathartocarpus bacillus Pers.


Cathartocarpus bacillus Pers. = Senna bacillaris (L. f.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby var. bacillaris 

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 113. 
Note: NN  


$


 Cathartocarpus bicapsularis (L.) Ham.


Cathartocarpus bicapsularis (L.) Ham. = Senna bicapsularis (L.) Roxb. var. bicapsularis 

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 401. 


$


 Cathartocarpus brasilianus (Lam.) Jacq.


Cathartocarpus brasilianus (Lam.) Jacq. = Cassia grandis L. f.

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 30. 


$


 Cathartocarpus fistula (L.) Pers.


Cathartocarpus fistula (L.) Pers. = Cassia fistula L.

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 14. 


$


 Cathartocarpus grandis (L. f.) Pers.


Cathartocarpus grandis (L. f.) Pers. = Cassia grandis L. f.

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 30. 


$


 Cathartocarpus laetus (Kunth) G. Don


Cathartocarpus laetus (Kunth) G. Don = Senna mollissima (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby var. mollissima 

Reference: FP 21: 156; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 595. 


$


 Cathedra acuminata (Benth.) Miers



Cathedra acuminata (Benth.) Miers

Synonyms: Cathedra acuminata Benth.
Reference: Sleumer, H. , 1984: 107. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez 1205 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Cathormion corymbosum (Rich.) Burkart


Cathormion corymbosum (Rich.) Burkart = Albizia corymbosa (Rich.) G.P. Lewis & P.E. Owen

Reference: Burkart, A., 1964: 446. 


$


 Cathormium multiflorum (Kunth) Burkart


Cathormium multiflorum (Kunth) Burkart = Pithecellobium multiflorum (Kunth) Benth.

Reference: Burkart, A., 1964: 446. 


$


 Catoblastus drudei Cook & Doyle



Catoblastus drudei Cook & Doyle

Synonyms: Catoblastus drudei (Cook & Doyle) Burret, Catoblastus drudei Trail, Catoblastus drudei Trail ex Drude
Reference: Flora Peru: 39695: 359. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez et al.  3075 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Catoblastus maynensis (Spruce) Drude


Catoblastus maynensis (Spruce) Drude = Wettinia maynensis Spruce

Reference: FP 39695: 361. 


$


 Catoblastus pubescens (Karsten) H. Wendl.



Catoblastus pubescens (Karsten) H. Wendl.

Synonyms: Catoblastus pubescens Karsten
Reference: Flora Peru: 39695: 359. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Catoblastus pubescens var. krinocarpa Trail ex Drude


Catoblastus pubescens var. krinocarpa Trail ex Drude = Catoblastus drudei Cook & Doyle

Reference: FP 39695: 359. 


$


 Catocoma altissima Poepp.


Catocoma altissima Poepp. = Bredemeyera altissima var. altissima 

Reference: FP 670: 908; Marques, M. do C. M., 1980: 279. 


$


 Catocoma lucida Benth.


Catocoma lucida Benth. = Bredemeyera lucida (Benth.) A.W. Benn.

Reference: Marques, M. do C. M., 1980: 277. 


$


 Catocoma parviflora Spruce ex A.W. Benn.


Catocoma parviflora Spruce ex A.W. Benn. = Bredemeyera myrtifolia fo. parvifolia (A. W. Bennett) Marques

Reference: Marques, M. do C. M., 1980: 283. 


$


 Catocoryne linnaeoides Hook. f.



Catocoryne linnaeoides Hook. f.

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 466. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Catopheria spicata Benth.



Catopheria spicata Benth.

Reference: Epling, C., 1937: 321; Epling, C. & C. J&aacute;tiva, 1968: 295. 
Ecology: Introduced herb. Andean I: disturbed areas. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison et al. 6027 (UC)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Catopsis flexuosa Baker


Catopsis flexuosa Baker = Tillandsia bakeri L.B. Sm.

Reference: FP 1179: 538; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1977: 1048. 


$


 Catopsis garckeana Wittm.


Catopsis garckeana Wittm. = Tillandsia tetrantha var. aurantiaca (Griseb.) L.B. Sm.

Reference: FP 1179: 540. 


$


 Catopsis latifolia Ule


Catopsis latifolia Ule = Tillandsia brevilingua Mez ex Harms

Reference: FP 1179: 553; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1977: 715. 


$


 Catopsis penduliflora C.H. Wright


Catopsis penduliflora C.H. Wright = ?  

Reference: FP 1179: 512; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1974: 206. 


$


 Catopsis schumanniana Wittm.


Catopsis schumanniana Wittm. = Tillandsia adpressa var. tonduziana (Mez) L.B. Sm.

Reference: FP 1179: 539; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1977: 1050. 


$


 Catopsis sessiliflora (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez



Catopsis sessiliflora (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez

Synonyms: Catopsis sessiliflora (Ruiz & Pav.) Beer, Catopsis sessiliflora (Ruiz & Pav.) Brongn., Catopsis sessiliflora Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1179: 577; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1977: 1385. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (B), Moore 340 (US!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Catostigma drudei (Cook & Doyle) Burret


Catostigma drudei (Cook & Doyle) Burret = Catoblastus drudei Cook & Doyle

Reference: FP 39695: 359. 


$


 Cattleya dichotoma (Ruiz & Pav.) Beer


Cattleya dichotoma (Ruiz & Pav.) Beer = Sobralia dichotoma Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1438: 71. 


$


 Cattleya epidendroides hort. ex Rchb. f.


Cattleya epidendroides hort. ex Rchb. f. = Cattleya luteola Lindl.

Reference: FP 1473: 533; Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 22. 


$


 Cattleya flavida Klotzsch


Cattleya flavida Klotzsch = Cattleya luteola Lindl.

Reference: FP 1473: 533; Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 22. 


$


 Cattleya luteola Lindl.



Cattleya luteola Lindl.

Synonyms: Cattleya luteola (Lindl.) Rchb. f., Cattleya luteola Hort., Cattleya luteola hort. ex Rchb. f., Cattleya luteola Klotzsch, Cattleya luteola Rchb. f., Cattleya luteola Regel
Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 533; Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 22. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: N&uacute;&ntilde;ez et al. 11019 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cattleya luteola var. roezlii Rchb. f.


Cattleya luteola var. roezlii Rchb. f. = Cattleya luteola Lindl.

Reference: FP 1473: 533; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cattleya malouana Linden


Cattleya malouana Linden = Cattleya maxima Lindl.

Reference: FP 1473: 534; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cattleya maxima Lindl.



Cattleya maxima Lindl.

Synonyms: Cattleya maxima (Lindl.) Rchb. f., Cattleya maxima Linden
Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 534; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Cattleya meyeri Regel


Cattleya meyeri Regel = Cattleya luteola Lindl.

Reference: FP 1473: 533; Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 22. 


$


 Cattleya mooreana Withner, Allison & Guenard



Cattleya mooreana Withner, Allison & Guenard

Reference: Withner, C. L., 1988: 95. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I: disturbed areas. 500-1500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Allison & Guenard s.n.* (AMES)


$


 Cattleya rex O'Brien



Cattleya rex O'Brien

Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 535; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Bungeroth s.n.* 
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Cattleya schomburgkii Loddiges ex Lindl.


Cattleya schomburgkii Loddiges ex Lindl. = Cattleya violacea (Kunth) Rolfe

Reference: FP 1473: 535; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cattleya sulphurea Hort.


Cattleya sulphurea Hort. = Cattleya luteola Lindl.

Reference: FP 1473: 533; Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 22. 


$


 Cattleya superba Schomburgk ex Lindl.


Cattleya superba Schomburgk ex Lindl. = Cattleya violacea (Kunth) Rolfe

Reference: FP 1473: 535; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cattleya violacea (Kunth) Rolfe



Cattleya violacea (Kunth) Rolfe

Synonyms: Cattleya violacea (Kunth) Rchb. f., Cattleya violacea (Schomburgk ex Lindl.) Rchb. f., Cattleya violacea Kunth, Cattleya violacea Loddiges ex Lindl., Cattleya violacea Schomburgk ex Lindl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 535; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Pastorelli illus.  
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Caucalis carota Crantz


Caucalis carota Crantz = Daucus carota L.

Reference: FP 1293: 41. 


$


 Caucalis daucus Crantz


Caucalis daucus Crantz = Daucus carota L.

Reference: FP 1293: 41. 


$


 Caucalis nodiflora Lam.


Caucalis nodiflora Lam. = Torilis nodosa (L.) Gaertn.

Reference: FP 1293: 97. 


$


 Caucalis nodosa Scop.


Caucalis nodosa Scop. = Torilis nodosa (L.) Gaertn.

Reference: FP 1293: 97. 


$


 Caulinia guadalupensis Sprengel


Caulinia guadalupensis Sprengel = Najas guadalupensis (Sprengel) Magnus

Reference: FP 632: 89; Haynes, R. R. & L. B. Holm-Nielsen, 1986: 78. 


$


 Cavanillesia arborea (Willdenow) Schumann


Cavanillesia arborea (Willdenow) Schumann = Cavanillesia umbellata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1303: 612. 


$


 Cavanillesia cordata Ruiz & Pav. ex Spreng.


Cavanillesia cordata Ruiz & Pav. ex Spreng. = Cavanillesia umbellata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1303: 612. 


$


 Cavanillesia hylogeiton Ulbrich



Cavanillesia hylogeiton Ulbrich

Reference: Flora Peru: 1303: 610. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ule 9594* (B photo MO!), Foster 5432 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.


$


 Cavanillesia platanifolia (Bonpl. in Humb. & Bonpl.) Kunth



Cavanillesia platanifolia (Bonpl. in Humb. & Bonpl.) Kunth

Synonyms: Cavanillesia platanifolia Bonpl. in Humb. & Bonpl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1303: 611. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Cavanillesia umbellata Ruiz & Pav.



Cavanillesia umbellata Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Cavanillesia umbellata (Willdenow) Schumann, Cavanillesia umbellata Ruiz & Pav. ex Spreng., Cavanillesia umbellata Willd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1303: 612. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* , Gentry et al. 29688 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Ucayali.


$


 Cavendishia acuminata (Hook.) Hemsl.


Cavendishia acuminata (Hook.) Hemsl. = Cavendishia bracteata (Ruiz & Pav. ex J. St.-Hil.) Hoerold

Reference: FP 1325: 113; Luteyn, J. L., 1983: 140. 


$


 Cavendishia alata (Dunal) Hoerold


Cavendishia alata (Dunal) Hoerold = Thibaudia caulialata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1325: 115; Luteyn, J. L., 1983: 269. 


$


 Cavendishia beckmanniana Hoerold


Cavendishia beckmanniana Hoerold = Cavendishia bracteata (Ruiz & Pav. ex J. St.-Hil.) Hoerold

Reference: FP 1325: 114; Luteyn, J. L., 1983: 141. 


$


 Cavendishia bracteata (Ruiz & Pav. ex J. St.-Hil.) Hoerold



Cavendishia bracteata (Ruiz & Pav. ex J. St.-Hil.) Hoerold

Synonyms: Cavendishia bracteata (Hook.) Hemsl., Cavendishia bracteata (Kunth) Hoerold, Cavendishia bracteata (Ruiz & Pav. ex J. St.-Hil.) Klotzsch, Cavendishia bracteata (Ruiz & Pav. ex J. St.-Hil.) Kuntze, Cavendishia bracteata Dunal, Cavendishia bracteata Hoerold, Cavendishia bracteata Hoerold, Cavendishia bracteata Hoerold, Cavendishia bracteata Hoerold, Cavendishia bracteata Hoerold, Cavendishia bracteata Hook., Cavendishia bracteata Kunth, Cavendishia bracteata Ruiz & Pav. ex J. St.-Hil.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1325: 114; Luteyn, J. L., 1983: 137. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: cloud forests. 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: Wurdack 978 (MO)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cavendishia caulialata (Ruiz & Pav.) A.C. Sm.


Cavendishia caulialata (Ruiz & Pav.) A.C. Sm. = Thibaudia caulialata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1325: 115; Luteyn, J. L., 1983: 269. 


$


 Cavendishia complectens Hemsl.



Cavendishia complectens Hemsl.

$


 Cavendishia complectens var.striata (A.C. Sm.) Luteyn



Cavendishia complectens var. striata (A.C. Sm.) Luteyn

Synonyms: Cavendishia complectens striata A.C. Sm.
Reference: Luteyn, J. L., 1983: 120. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 4582 (CUZ photo NY)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cavendishia engleriana Hoerold



Cavendishia engleriana Hoerold

$


 Cavendishia engleriana Hoerold var.engleriana



Cavendishia engleriana Hoerold var. engleriana 

Reference: Luteyn, J. L., 1983: 230. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb, shrub. Andean I: shrublands. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Foster et al. 8979 (MO!)
Departments: Pasco.


$


 Cavendishia isernii Sleumer



Cavendishia isernii Sleumer

$


 Cavendishia isernii Sleumer var.isernii



Cavendishia isernii Sleumer var. isernii 

Reference: Luteyn, J. L., 1983: 110. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb, shrub. Andean I-II: cloud forests. 1000-2000 m. 
Voucher: Dudley 13491 (NA)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Cavendishia kraenzliniana Hoerold


Cavendishia kraenzliniana Hoerold = Cavendishia punctata (Ruiz & Pavon ex St. Hil.) Sleumer

Reference: FP 1325: 117; Luteyn, J. L., 1983: 84. 


$


 Cavendishia martii (Meisn.) A.C. Sm.



Cavendishia martii (Meisn.) A.C. Sm.

Synonyms: Cavendishia martii Hoerold, Cavendishia martii Meisn., Cavendishia martii Rusby
Reference: Flora Peru: 1325: 116; Luteyn, J. L., 1983: 80. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I-II: forests. 500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Metcalf 30566 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Madre de Dios, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cavendishia muschleriana Hoerold


Cavendishia muschleriana Hoerold = Cavendishia martii (Meisn.) A.C. Sm.

Reference: FP 1325: 116; Luteyn, J. L., 1983: 80. 


$


 Cavendishia nitida (H.B.K.) A.C. Sm.



Cavendishia nitida (H.B.K.) A.C. Sm.

Synonyms: Cavendishia nitida (H.B.K.) Klotzsch, Cavendishia nitida (Kunth) Hoerold, Cavendishia nitida Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 1325: 99; Luteyn, J. L., 1983: 223. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Cavendishia nobilis Lindl.



Cavendishia nobilis Lindl.

$


 Cavendishia nobilis var.nobilis



Cavendishia nobilis var. nobilis 

Synonyms: Cavendishia nobilis nobilis (Lindl.) Kuntze, Cavendishia nobilis nobilis Hoerold
Reference: Flora Peru: 1325: 116; Luteyn, J. L., 1983: 156. 
Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb, shrub. Andean I-II: cloud forests. 1000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Duncan et al. 2695 (NY)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco, Puno.


$


 Cavendishia paniculata Rusby


Cavendishia paniculata Rusby = Cavendishia martii (Meisn.) A.C. Sm.

Reference: FP 1325: 116; Luteyn, J. L., 1983: 80. 


$


 Cavendishia peruviana Hoerold


Cavendishia peruviana Hoerold = Cavendishia bracteata (Ruiz & Pav. ex J. St.-Hil.) Hoerold

Reference: FP 1325: 116; Luteyn, J. L., 1983: 141. 


$


 Cavendishia pubescens (Kunth) Hemsl.



Cavendishia pubescens (Kunth) Hemsl.

$


 Cavendishia pubescens var. microphylla Hoerold


Cavendishia pubescens var. microphylla Hoerold = Cavendishia bracteata (Ruiz & Pav. ex J. St.-Hil.) Hoerold

Reference: FP 1325: 114; Luteyn, J. L., 1983: 141. 
Note: A var. of C. pubescens (H.B.K.) Hemsley.  


$


 Cavendishia pubescens var.pubescens



Cavendishia pubescens var. pubescens 

Synonyms: Cavendishia pubescens pubescens Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 1325: 117; Luteyn, J. L., 1983: 179. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb, shrub, tree. Andean I-II: forests. 500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 7452 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Puno.


$


 Cavendishia punctata (Ruiz & Pavon ex St. Hil.) Sleumer



Cavendishia punctata (Ruiz & Pavon ex St. Hil.) Sleumer

Synonyms: Cavendishia punctata (Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don) Hoerold, Cavendishia punctata Hoerold, Cavendishia punctata Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don, Cavendishia punctata Ruiz & Pavon ex St. Hil.
Reference: Luteyn, J. L., 1983: 84. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I-II: cloud forests, disturbed areas. 1000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Luteyn & Lebr&oacute;n-Luteyn 5427 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco.


$


 Cavendishia punctatifolia (Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don) Hoerold


Cavendishia punctatifolia (Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don) Hoerold = Cavendishia punctata (Ruiz & Pavon ex St. Hil.) Sleumer

Reference: FP 1325: 117; Luteyn, J. L., 1983: 84. 


$


 Cavendishia sirensis Luteyn



Cavendishia sirensis Luteyn

Reference: Luteyn, J. L., 1983: 238. 
Ecology: Endemic liana, shrub, vine. Andean I-II: cloud forests, disturbed areas. 1000-2000 m. 
Voucher: Dudley 13231* (NA photo NY), Barbour 4466 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Cavendishia striata A.C. Sm.


Cavendishia striata A.C. Sm. = Cavendishia complectens var. striata (A.C. Sm.) Luteyn

Reference: Luteyn, J. L., 1983: 120. 


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 Cavendishia strobilifera (Kunth) Hoerold


Cavendishia strobilifera (Kunth) Hoerold = Cavendishia bracteata (Ruiz & Pav. ex J. St.-Hil.) Hoerold

Reference: FP 1325: 114; Luteyn, J. L., 1983: 141. 


$


 Cavendishia tarapotana (Meisn.) Benth. & Hook. f.



Cavendishia tarapotana (Meisn.) Benth. & Hook. f.

$


 Cavendishia tarapotana (Meisn.) Benth. & Hook. f. var.tarapotana



Cavendishia tarapotana (Meisn.) Benth. & Hook. f. var. tarapotana 

Synonyms: Cavendishia tarapotana tarapotana (Meisn.) Kuntze, Cavendishia tarapotana tarapotana Hoerold, Cavendishia tarapotana tarapotana Meisn.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1325: 113; Luteyn, J. L., 1983: 163. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Smith et al. 1820 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cavendishia ulbrichiana Hoerold


Cavendishia ulbrichiana Hoerold = Cavendishia bracteata (Ruiz & Pav. ex J. St.-Hil.) Hoerold

Reference: FP 1325: 114; Luteyn, J. L., 1983: 141. 


$


 Cavendishia ulei Hoerold


Cavendishia ulei Hoerold = Cavendishia bracteata (Ruiz & Pav. ex J. St.-Hil.) Hoerold

Reference: FP 1325: 118; Luteyn, J. L., 1983: 142. 


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 Cavendishia urbaniana Hoerold


Cavendishia urbaniana Hoerold = Cavendishia nobilis var. nobilis 

Reference: FP 1325: 118; Luteyn, J. L., 1983: 156. 


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 Cavendishia weberbaueri Hoerold


Cavendishia weberbaueri Hoerold = Cavendishia tarapotana (Meisn.) Benth. & Hook. f. var. tarapotana 

Reference: FP 1325: 113; Luteyn, J. L., 1983: 163. 


$


 Cayaponia amazonica (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn.



Cayaponia amazonica (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn.

Synonyms: Cayaponia amazonica (Poeppig & Endlicher) Cogn., Cayaponia amazonica Poepp. & Endl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1379: 375; Jeffrey, C., 1971: 213. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 2924* (W photo F!), Revilla 2220 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Ucayali.


$


 Cayaponia andreana Cogn.


Cayaponia andreana Cogn. = Cayaponia cruegeri (Naudin) Cogn. in A. DC. & C. DC.

Reference: Jeffrey, C., 1971: 223. 


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 Cayaponia capitata Cogn. ex Harms



Cayaponia capitata Cogn. ex Harms

Reference: Flora Peru: 1379: 376. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ule 9869* (B photo F), D&iacute;az 555 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cayaponia caulobotrys C. Jeffrey



Cayaponia caulobotrys C. Jeffrey

Reference: Jeffrey, C., 1971: 219. 
Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 7603 (K!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Cayaponia citrullifolia (Griseb.) Cogn.



Cayaponia citrullifolia (Griseb.) Cogn.

Synonyms: Cayaponia citrullifolia Griseb.


$


 Cayaponia cruegeri (Naudin) Cogn. in A. DC. & C. DC.



Cayaponia cruegeri (Naudin) Cogn. in A. DC. & C. DC.

Synonyms: Cayaponia cruegeri, Cayaponia cruegeri Cogn., Cayaponia cruegeri Naudin
Reference: Jeffrey, C., 1971: 223; Jeffrey, C., 1984: 510. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I: seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Revilla 280 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Cayaponia glandulosa (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn.



Cayaponia glandulosa (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn.

Synonyms: Cayaponia glandulosa (Naudin) Cogn., Cayaponia glandulosa Cogn., Cayaponia glandulosa Cogn., Cayaponia glandulosa Cogn., Cayaponia glandulosa Naudin, Cayaponia glandulosa Poepp. & Endl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1379: 377; Jeffrey, C., 1971: 221. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 2211 (W photo K), Woytkowski 6852 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Piura, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Cayaponia heterophylla (Naudin) Cogn.


Cayaponia heterophylla (Naudin) Cogn. = Cayaponia glandulosa (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn.

Reference: Jeffrey, C., 1971: 221. 


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 Cayaponia macrocalyx Harms



Cayaponia macrocalyx Harms

Reference: Flora Peru: 1379: 377; Jeffrey, C., 1971: 211. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I: riversides. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Tessmann 4445* (B photo F!), Huashikat 1949 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Cuzco.


$


 Cayaponia ophthalmica R.E. Schult.



Cayaponia ophthalmica R.E. Schult.

Reference: Jeffrey, C., 1971: 217; Jeffrey, C., 1984: 508. 
Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry 61737 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Cayaponia oppositifolia Harms



Cayaponia oppositifolia Harms

Reference: Flora Peru: 1379: 377. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Tessmann 4503* (B photo F!), Revilla 2239 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cayaponia ottoniana Cogn.


Cayaponia ottoniana Cogn. = Cayaponia glandulosa (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn.

Reference: Jeffrey, C., 1971: 221. 


$


 Cayaponia peruviana (Poeppig & Endlicher) Cogn.



Cayaponia peruviana (Poeppig & Endlicher) Cogn.

Synonyms: Cayaponia peruviana Poepp. & Endl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1379: 378; Jeffrey, C., 1971: 209. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean I: disturbed areas. 500-1500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Poeppig 1506* (W)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Cayaponia poeppigii Cogn.


Cayaponia poeppigii Cogn. = Cayaponia glandulosa (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn.

Reference: Jeffrey, C., 1971: 221. 


$


 Cayaponia psederifolia Standl. ex J.F. Macbr.


Cayaponia psederifolia Standl. ex J.F. Macbr. = Cayaponia tubulosa Cogn.

Reference: FP 1379: 379; Jeffrey, C., 1971: 213. 


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 Cayaponia ruizii Cogn.



Cayaponia ruizii Cogn.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1379: 379; Jeffrey, C., 1971: 209. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (B photo F!), Berlin 526 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Cayaponia smithii Standl.


Cayaponia smithii Standl. = Selysia smithii (Standl.) C. Jeffrey

Reference: FP 1379: 380. 


$


 Cayaponia tessmannii Harms



Cayaponia tessmannii Harms

Reference: Flora Peru: 1379: 380; Jeffrey, C., 1971: 211. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Tessmann 4814* (B photo F!), Klug 3913 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Cayaponia tomentosa Cogn.


Cayaponia tomentosa Cogn. = Cayaponia glandulosa (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn.

Reference: Jeffrey, C., 1971: 221. 


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 Cayaponia tubulosa Cogn.



Cayaponia tubulosa Cogn.

Synonyms: Cayaponia tubulosa Standl. ex J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1379: 379; Jeffrey, C., 1971: 213. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, seasonally inundated areas. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Klug 3475 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Ceanothus granulosus Ruiz & Pav.


Ceanothus granulosus Ruiz & Pav. = Rhamnus granulosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Weberb. ex M.C. Johnst.

Reference: FP 1299: 401; Johnston, M. C. & L. A. Johnston, 1978: 78. 


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 Ceanothus pubescens Ruiz & Pav.


Ceanothus pubescens Ruiz & Pav. = Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. polymorpha (Reissek) M.C. Johnst.

Reference: FP 1299: 401; Johnston, M. C. & L. A. Johnston, 1978: 67. 
Note: See M. C. Johnston, 1984a: 124  


$


 Cecropia acutifolia Tr&eacute;cul



Cecropia acutifolia Tr&eacute;cul

Reference: Flora Peru: 1233: 284. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. . 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Berg (pers. comm.).  
Voucher: Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (FI-WEBB)


$


 Cecropia albicans Tr&eacute;cul



Cecropia albicans Tr&eacute;cul

Reference: Flora Peru: 1233: 284; Berg, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: tree. . 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Berg (pers. comm.).  
Voucher: Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (FI-WEBB)


$


 Cecropia alexandrina Cuatrec.


Cecropia alexandrina Cuatrec. = Cecropia montana Warb. ex Snethl.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1956: 339; Berg, pers. comm.. 


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 Cecropia andina Cuatrec.



Cecropia andina Cuatrec.

Synonyms: Cecropia andina Cuatrec.
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1945: 286; Berg, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native tree. Andean II: disturbed areas, forests. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Young & Eisenberg 357 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Cecropia angustifolia Tr&eacute;cul



Cecropia angustifolia Tr&eacute;cul

Synonyms: Cecropia angustifolia Klotzsch
Reference: Flora Peru: 1233: 285; Berg, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (B photo F!), Hartshorn et al. 2694 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Pasco.


$


 Cecropia bicolor Klotzsch



Cecropia bicolor Klotzsch

Reference: Flora Peru: 1233: 285. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Berg (pers. comm.).  
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (B photo F!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Cecropia concolor Willd.



Cecropia concolor Willd.

Synonyms: Cecropia concolor Miq.
Reference: Berg, C. C., 1978: 164. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


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 Cecropia dentata Klotzsch



Cecropia dentata Klotzsch

Reference: Flora Peru: 1233: 285. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Berg (pers. comm.).  
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Cecropia digitata Klotzsch


Cecropia digitata Klotzsch = Cecropia angustifolia Tr&eacute;cul

Reference: FP 1233: 285. 


$


 Cecropia distachya Huber



Cecropia distachya Huber

Reference: Berg, C. C., 1978: 173; Spichiger, R., J. Meroz, P. Loizeau & L. Stutz de Ortega, 1989: 30. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas, swamps, terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & Jaramillo 58001 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Cecropia engleriana Snethl.



Cecropia engleriana Snethl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1233: 285; Berg, C. C., 1978: 166. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Kayap 1099 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.


$


 Cecropia ficifolia Warb. ex Snethl.



Cecropia ficifolia Warb. ex Snethl.

Synonyms: Cecropia ficifolia J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1233: 285; Berg, C. C., 1978: 171; Spichiger, R., J. Meroz, P. Loizeau & L. Stutz de Ortega, 1989: 32. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Huashikat 253 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Cecropia flagellifera Tr&eacute;cul


Cecropia flagellifera Tr&eacute;cul = Cecropia polystachya Tr&eacute;cul

Reference: FP 1233: 286; Berg, pers. comm.. 


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 Cecropia francisci Snethlage


Cecropia francisci Snethlage = Cecropia polystachya Tr&eacute;cul

Reference: FP 1233: 286; Berg, C. C., 1978: 167; Berg, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cecropia klotzschiana Miq.


Cecropia klotzschiana Miq. = Cecropia polystachya Tr&eacute;cul

Reference: FP 1233: 286; Berg, pers. comm.. 


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 Cecropia latiloba Miq.



Cecropia latiloba Miq.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1233: 286; Berg, C. C., 1978: 175. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: riversides, seasonally inundated areas, terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Maas et al. 6285 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.


$


 Cecropia leucocoma Miq.


Cecropia leucocoma Miq. = Cecropia concolor Willd.

Reference: FP 1233: 287; Berg, C. C., 1978: 164. 
Note: NN  


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 Cecropia leucophaea Poepp. ex Miq.



Cecropia leucophaea Poepp. ex Miq.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1233: 287. 
Ecology: Native tree. Andean II: cloud forests. 2000-3000 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Berg (pers. comm.).  
Voucher: Poeppig 1593* (W photo F!), Peyton & Peyton 374 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Pasco.


$


 Cecropia marginalis Cuatrec.



Cecropia marginalis Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1945: 285; Berg, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: riversides, terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Kayap 1052 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Cecropia membranacea Tr&eacute;cul



Cecropia membranacea Tr&eacute;cul

Synonyms: Cecropia membranacea Mildbr., Cecropia membranacea Snethlage ex J. F. Macbride
Reference: Berg, C. C., 1978: 174; Spichiger, R., J. Meroz, P. Loizeau & L. Stutz de Ortega, 1989: 32; Berg, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I, Coastal: disturbed areas, forests, riversides. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 61909 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lima, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.


$


 Cecropia montana Warb. ex Snethl.



Cecropia montana Warb. ex Snethl.

Synonyms: Cecropia montana Cuatrec.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1233: 287; Berg, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Ule 6845* (B photo F!), Schunke 10595 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Cecropia multiflora Snethlage



Cecropia multiflora Snethlage

Reference: Flora Peru: 1233: 288; Berg, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 1837* (B photo F!), N&uacute;&ntilde;ez & Arque  8230 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Cecropia nivea Poepp. ex Klotzsch



Cecropia nivea Poepp. ex Klotzsch

Reference: Flora Peru: 1233: 288. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. . 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Berg (pers. comm.).  
Voucher: Poeppig 1837* (B photo F!)


$


 Cecropia obtusa Tr&eacute;cul



Cecropia obtusa Tr&eacute;cul

Reference: Flora Peru: 1233: 288; Berg, C. C., 1978: 169; Berg, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


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 Cecropia palmata Willd.



Cecropia palmata Willd.

Reference: Berg, C. C., 1978: 162. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 776 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto.


$


 Cecropia pinnatiloba Klotzsch


Cecropia pinnatiloba Klotzsch = Cecropia polystachya Tr&eacute;cul

Reference: FP 1233: 289. 


$


 Cecropia polystachya Tr&eacute;cul



Cecropia polystachya Tr&eacute;cul

Synonyms: Cecropia polystachya Klotzsch, Cecropia polystachya Klotzsch, Cecropia polystachya Miq., Cecropia polystachya Ruiz ex Klotzsch, Cecropia polystachya Snethlage, Cecropia polystachya Tr&eacute;cul
Reference: Flora Peru: 1233: 289; Berg, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, riversides. 0-1500 m. 
Note: Berg (pers. comm.) indicates that C. pinnatiloba may deserve recognition as a distinct species. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (G photo F!), Ch&aacute;vez 1721 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cecropia putumayonis Cuatrec.



Cecropia putumayonis Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1945: 278; Berg, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Kayap 368 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cecropia rugosa Cuatrec.


Cecropia rugosa Cuatrec. = Cecropia andina Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1956: 335; Berg, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cecropia ruiziana Klotzsch


Cecropia ruiziana Klotzsch = Cecropia polystachya Tr&eacute;cul

Reference: FP 1233: 286. 


$


 Cecropia scabra Ruiz ex Klotzsch


Cecropia scabra Ruiz ex Klotzsch = Cecropia polystachya Tr&eacute;cul

Reference: FP 1233: 286. 


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 Cecropia sciadophylla Mart.



Cecropia sciadophylla Mart.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1233: 289; Berg, C. C., 1978: 181; Spichiger, R., J. Meroz, P. Loizeau & L. Stutz de Ortega, 1989: 35. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 6074 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Ucayali.


$


 Cecropia scutata Cuatrec.



Cecropia scutata Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1956: 334. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   This species is from Colombia, not "Peru" as indicated in Cuatrecasas (1956b) and in Index Kewensis. 


$


 Cecropia setico Snethlage ex J. F. Macbride


Cecropia setico Snethlage ex J. F. Macbride = Cecropia membranacea Tr&eacute;cul

Reference: FP 1233: 289; Berg, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cecropia standleyi J.F. Macbr.


Cecropia standleyi J.F. Macbr. = Cecropia ficifolia Warb. ex Snethl.

Reference: FP 1233: 289; Berg, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cecropia strigosa Tr&eacute;cul



Cecropia strigosa Tr&eacute;cul

Reference: Flora Peru: 1233: 290. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality. Accepted provisionally by Berg (pers. comm.).  
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (FI-WEBB)


$


 Cecropia tessmannii Mildbr.


Cecropia tessmannii Mildbr. = Cecropia membranacea Tr&eacute;cul

Reference: FP 1233: 290; Berg, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cecropia tubulosa Ruiz ex Klotzsch



Cecropia tubulosa Ruiz ex Klotzsch

Reference: Flora Peru: 1233: 290. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality. Accepted provisionally by Berg (pers. comm.).  
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (B photo F!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Cecropia utcubambana Cuatrec.



Cecropia utcubambana Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1982: 157; Berg, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean I: forests. 1000-1500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 3844* (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Cedrela angustifolia Mocino & Sesse ex DC.



Cedrela angustifolia Mocino & Sesse ex DC.

Reference: Flora Peru: 663: 720; Pennington, T. D., B. T. Styles & D. A. H. Taylor, 1981: 384. 
Note: Pennington et al. (1981) list this as a doubtful species.  The Dombey specimen cited in the Flora of Peru is probably C. lilloi.  


$


 Cedrela fissilis Vell.



Cedrela fissilis Vell.

Synonyms: Cedrela fissilis Ducke, Cedrela fissilis Ducke
Reference: Flora Peru: 663: 721; Pennington, T. D., B. T. Styles & D. A. H. Taylor, 1981: 361. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 3677 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes, Ucayali.


$


 Cedrela herrerae Harms


Cedrela herrerae Harms = Cedrela lilloi C. DC.

Reference: FP 663: 721; Pennington, T. D., B. T. Styles & D. A. H. Taylor, 1981: 368. 


$


 Cedrela huberi Ducke


Cedrela huberi Ducke = Cedrela fissilis Vell.

Reference: FP 663: 722; Pennington, T. D., B. T. Styles & D. A. H. Taylor, 1981: 363. 


$


 Cedrela lilloi C. DC.



Cedrela lilloi C. DC.

Synonyms: Cedrela lilloi Harms
Reference: Pennington, T. D., B. T. Styles & D. A. H. Taylor, 1981: 367. 
Ecology: Native tree. Andean I-II: forests. 500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 2942 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Loreto, Tumbes.


$


 Cedrela longipetiolulata Harms


Cedrela longipetiolulata Harms = Cedrela odorata L.

Reference: FP 663: 723; Pennington, T. D., B. T. Styles & D. A. H. Taylor, 1981: 375. 


$


 Cedrela macrocarpa Ducke


Cedrela macrocarpa Ducke = Cedrela fissilis Vell.

Reference: FP 663: 723; Pennington, T. D., B. T. Styles & D. A. H. Taylor, 1981: 363. 


$


 Cedrela mahagoni L.


Cedrela mahagoni L. = Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq.

Reference: Pennington, T. D., B. T. Styles & D. A. H. Taylor, 1981: 401. 


$


 Cedrela mexicana M. Roem.


Cedrela mexicana M. Roem. = Cedrela odorata L.

Reference: FP 663: 724; Pennington, T. D., B. T. Styles & D. A. H. Taylor, 1981: 374. 


$


 Cedrela montana Moritz ex Turcz.



Cedrela montana Moritz ex Turcz.

Reference: Pennington, T. D., B. T. Styles & D. A. H. Taylor, 1981: 370. 
Ecology: Native tree. Andean II-III: cloud forests, disturbed areas. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Smith 7911 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Apur&iacute;mac, Cajamarca, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco, Piura, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Cedrela odorata L.



Cedrela odorata L.

Synonyms: Cedrela odorata Harms, Cedrela odorata M. Roem.
Reference: Flora Peru: 663: 724; Pennington, T. D., B. T. Styles & D. A. H. Taylor, 1981: 374. 
Ecology: Cultivated tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Croat 19056 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lima, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Cedrela weberbaueri Harms



Cedrela weberbaueri Harms

Reference: Flora Peru: 663: 725; Pennington, T. D., B. T. Styles & D. A. H. Taylor, 1981: 385. 
Note: Pennington et al. (1981) list this as an imperfectly known species. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6568* (F!, MOL!), Macbride 3800 (F!)


$


 Cedrelinga cateniformis (Ducke) Ducke



Cedrelinga cateniformis (Ducke) Ducke

Synonyms: Cedrelinga cateniformis (Ducke) L. C&aacute;rdenas, Cedrelinga cateniformis Ducke
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 65; Ducke, A., 1949: 48; Spichiger, R., J. Meroz, P. Loizeau & L. Stutz de Ortega, 1989: 322. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests on white sand, semi-deciduous forests, terra firme forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 41549 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Ceiba insignis (Kunth) Gibbs & Semir



Ceiba insignis (Kunth) Gibbs & Semir

Synonyms: Ceiba insignis Kunth
Reference: Gibbs, P. E., J. Semir & N. D. da Cruz, 1988: 134. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Bonpland s.n.* (P-H&B)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Piura, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Ceiba mandonii Britten & Baker f.


Ceiba mandonii Britten & Baker f. = Ceiba speciosa St. Hilaire

Reference: FP 1303: 602; Gibbs, P. E., J. Semir & N. D. da Cruz, 1988: 127. 


$


 Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn.



Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn.

Synonyms: Ceiba pentandra L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1303: 602. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: N&uacute;&ntilde;ez et al. 9996 (MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios.


$


 Ceiba pubiflora (St. Hilaire) Schumann



Ceiba pubiflora (St. Hilaire) Schumann

Reference: Flora Peru: 1303: 602; Gibbs, P. E., J. Semir & N. D. da Cruz, 1988: 127. 


$


 Ceiba salmonea (Ulbrich) Bakhuisen



Ceiba salmonea (Ulbrich) Bakhuisen

Synonyms: Ceiba salmonea Ulbrich
Reference: Flora Peru: 1303: 603. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. . 
Voucher: Weberbauer 116* , Weberbauer 6770 
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Puno.


$


 Ceiba samauma (Mart.) Schum.



Ceiba samauma (Mart.) Schum.

Synonyms: Ceiba samauma Mart.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1303: 603. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Ceiba speciosa St. Hilaire



Ceiba speciosa St. Hilaire

Synonyms: Ceiba speciosa (St. Hilaire) Schumann, Ceiba speciosa Britten & Baker f., Ceiba speciosa St. Hilaire
Reference: Gibbs, P. E., J. Semir & N. D. da Cruz, 1988: 127. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Ceiba trichistandra (A. Gray) Bakhuisen



Ceiba trichistandra (A. Gray) Bakhuisen

Synonyms: Ceiba trichistandra A. Gray
Reference: Flora Peru: 1303: 604. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   The Flora of Peru lists the type as "from a garden at Lima (Wilkes  Exped.); also in Java, country of origin unknown." 


$


 Celastrus colombianus Cuatrec.



Celastrus colombianus Cuatrec.

Synonyms: Celastrus colombianus (Reisseck) Loes., Celastrus colombianus Cuatrec., Celastrus colombianus Reisseck
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1951: 81. 
Ecology: Native liana. Andean II: cloud forests. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 6919 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Celastrus confertus Ruiz & Pav.


Celastrus confertus Ruiz & Pav. = Maytenus conferta (Ruiz & Pav.) Reisseck & Loesener

Reference: FP 687: 263. 


$


 Celastrus emarginatus Ruiz & Pav.


Celastrus emarginatus Ruiz & Pav. = Maytenus retusa (Poiret) Briq.

Reference: FP 687: 267. 


$


 Celastrus macrocarpus Ruiz & Pav.


Celastrus macrocarpus Ruiz & Pav. = Maytenus macrocarpa (Ruiz & Pav.) Briq.

Reference: FP 687: 265. 


$


 Celastrus octogonus L'H&eacute;r.


Celastrus octogonus L'H&eacute;r. = Maytenus octogona (L'H&eacute;r.) DC.

Reference: FP 687: 266. 


$


 Celastrus orbicularis Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.


Celastrus orbicularis Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. = Maytenus octogona (L'H&eacute;r.) DC.

Reference: FP 687: 266. 


$


 Celastrus racemosa (Reisseck) Loes.


Celastrus racemosa (Reisseck) Loes. = Celastrus colombianus Cuatrec.

$


 Celastrus retusus Poir.


Celastrus retusus Poir. = Maytenus retusa (Poiret) Briq.

Reference: FP 687: 267. 


$


 Celastrus verticillatus Ruiz & Pav.


Celastrus verticillatus Ruiz & Pav. = Maytenus verticillata (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.

Reference: FP 687: 268. 


$


 Celeri graveolens (L.) Britton


Celeri graveolens (L.) Britton = Apium graveolens L.

Reference: FP 1293: 9. 


$


 Celmisia crocifolia (Kunth) Sch. Bip.


Celmisia crocifolia (Kunth) Sch. Bip. = Oritrophium crocifolium (Kunth) Cuatrec.

$


 Celmisia pellita (Kunth) Sch. Bip.


Celmisia pellita (Kunth) Sch. Bip. = Oritrophium peruvianum (Lam.) Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1969: 75. 


$


 Celosia argentea L.



Celosia argentea L.

$


 Celosia argentea L. var.argentea



Celosia argentea L. var. argentea 

Reference: Flora Peru: 1255: 480; Eliasson, U., 1987: 10. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Williams 1832 (F)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Celosia argentea var.cristata (L.) Kuntze



Celosia argentea var. cristata (L.) Kuntze

Synonyms: Celosia argentea cristata L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1255: 480; Eliasson, U., 1987: 10. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb. . 
Note: No voucher cited by Eliasson (1987). 


$


 Celosia cristata L.


Celosia cristata L. = Celosia argentea var. cristata (L.) Kuntze

Reference: FP 1255: 480. 


$


 Celosia echinata Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.


Celosia echinata Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. = Alternanthera pungens Kunth

Reference: FP 1255: 507; Mears, J., 1977: 9. 


$


 Celosia elongata Sprengel


Celosia elongata Sprengel = Alternanthera porrigens (Jacq.) Kuntze var. porrigens 

Reference: FP 1255: 505; Eliasson, U., 1987: 84. 


$


 Celosia grandifolia Moq.



Celosia grandifolia Moq.

Reference: Eliasson, U., 1987: 12. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Note: No voucher cited by Eliasson. 
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Celosia humifusa Kunth ex Roem. & Schult.


Celosia humifusa Kunth ex Roem. & Schult. = Alternanthera caracasana Kunth

Reference: FP 1255: 508; Mears, J., 1977: 10. 


$


 Celosia paniculata L.


Celosia paniculata L. = Chamissoa altissima (Jacq.) Kunth var. altissima 

Reference: FP 1255: 481; Sohmer, S. H., 1977: 115. 


$


 Celosia paniculata L.


Celosia paniculata L. = Iresine diffusa Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. var. diffusa 

Reference: FP 1255: 515; Eliasson, U., 1987: 15, 122. 


$


 Celosia persicaria Schinz



Celosia persicaria Schinz

Reference: Flora Peru: 1255: 481; Eliasson, U., 1987: 14. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Spruce 4929* (K), Killip & Smith 22996 (F!)
Departments: Ayacucho, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Celosia peruviana Van Spand. ex Moquin


Celosia peruviana Van Spand. ex Moquin = Alternanthera halimifolia (Lam.) Standl. ex Pittier

Reference: FP 1255: 499. 


$


 Celosia peruviana Zucc.


Celosia peruviana Zucc. = Alternanthera porrigens (Jacq.) Kuntze var. porrigens 

Reference: FP 1255: 505. 


$


 Celosia pleiogyna Kuntze


Celosia pleiogyna Kuntze = Pleuropetalum pleiogynum (Kuntze) Standl.

Reference: Eliasson, U., 1987: 6. 


$


 Celosia tomentosa Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.


Celosia tomentosa Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. = Chamissoa altissima (Jacq.) Kunth var. altissima 

Reference: FP 1255: 482; Sohmer, S. H., 1977: 116. 


$


 Celosia virgata Jacq.



Celosia virgata Jacq.

Synonyms: Celosia virgata Suessenguth
Reference: Flora Peru: 1255: 481; Eliasson, U., 1987: 10. 
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. . 
Note: No voucher cited by Eliasson.  
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Celosia virgata var. paniculata Suessenguth


Celosia virgata var. paniculata Suessenguth = Celosia virgata Jacq.

Reference: FP 1255: 481. 


$


 Celsia linearis Jacq.


Celsia linearis Jacq. = Alonsoa linearis var. linearis 

Reference: FP 1361: 472. 


$


 Celsia urticaefolia Sims


Celsia urticaefolia Sims = Alonsoa meridionalis var. meridionalis 

Reference: FP 1361: 474. 


$


 Celtis aculeata Sw.


Celtis aculeata Sw. = Celtis iguanaea (Jacq.) Sarg.

Reference: FP 1231: 271. 


$


 Celtis boliviensis Planch.


Celtis boliviensis Planch. = Celtis pubescens (Humb. & Bonpl.) Sprengel

Reference: FP 1231: 271. 


$


 Celtis canescens Kunth


Celtis canescens Kunth = Trema micrantha (L.) Blume

Reference: FP 1231: 269; Carauta, J. P. P., 1974: 114. 


$


 Celtis dichotoma (Klotzsch) Miq.



Celtis dichotoma (Klotzsch) Miq.

Synonyms: Celtis dichotoma Klotzsch, Celtis dichotoma Planch.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1231: 270; Carauta, J. P. P., 1974: 103. 
Ecology: Native shrub, treelet. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (B photo F!)
Departments: Pasco.


$


 Celtis glycycarpa C. Martius ex Miquel


Celtis glycycarpa C. Martius ex Miquel = Celtis triflora (Klotzsch) Miq.

Reference: FP 1231: 272; Carauta, J. P. P., 1974: 109. 


$


 Celtis iguanaea (Jacq.) Sarg.



Celtis iguanaea (Jacq.) Sarg.

Synonyms: Celtis iguanaea Jacq., Celtis iguanaea Kunth, Celtis iguanaea Sw.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1231: 271; Carauta, J. P. P., 1974: 104. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub, treelet. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: riversides, rocky slopes, seasonally inundated areas, terra firme forests. 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: Huashikat 1370 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Piura, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes, Ucayali.


$


 Celtis lima Sw.


Celtis lima Sw. = Trema micrantha (L.) Blume

Reference: FP 1231: 269; Carauta, J. P. P., 1974: 114. 


$


 Celtis macrophylla Kunth


Celtis macrophylla Kunth = Trema micrantha (L.) Blume

Reference: FP 1231: 269; Carauta, J. P. P., 1974: 114. 


$


 Celtis micrantha (L.) Sw.


Celtis micrantha (L.) Sw. = Trema micrantha (L.) Blume

Reference: FP 1231: 269; Carauta, J. P. P., 1974: 114. 


$


 Celtis morifolia Planch.



Celtis morifolia Planch.

Reference: Carauta, J. P. P., 1974: 105. 
Ecology: Native liana. Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 500-1000 m. 
Note: Cited voucher questionably determined.  
Voucher: Schunke 6301 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Celtis pavonii Planch.


Celtis pavonii Planch. = Celtis dichotoma (Klotzsch) Miq.

Reference: FP 1231: 270; Carauta, J. P. P., 1974: 103. 


$


 Celtis pubescens (Humb. & Bonpl.) Sprengel



Celtis pubescens (Humb. & Bonpl.) Sprengel

Synonyms: Celtis pubescens Gardner, Celtis pubescens Humb. & Bonpl., Celtis pubescens Klotzsch, Celtis pubescens Planch., Celtis pubescens Planch., Celtis pubescens Wedd., Celtis pubescens Wedd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1231: 271; Carauta, J. P. P., 1974: 106. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub, tree. Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Simpson & Schunke 414 (USM!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes.


$


 Celtis schippii Standl.



Celtis schippii Standl.

Synonyms: Celtis schippii (Standl.) Hunz. & Dottori


$


 Celtis triflora (Klotzsch) Miq.



Celtis triflora (Klotzsch) Miq.

Synonyms: Celtis triflora C. Martius ex Miquel, Celtis triflora Klotzsch
Reference: Flora Peru: 1231: 272; Carauta, J. P. P., 1974: 108. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: dry valleys, forests, rocky slopes. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 5676 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto.


$


 Celtis velutina Planch.


Celtis velutina Planch. = Celtis pubescens (Humb. & Bonpl.) Sprengel

Reference: FP 1231: 271; Carauta, J. P. P., 1974: 106. 


$


 Cenchrus brownii Roem. & Schult.



Cenchrus brownii Roem. & Schult.

Synonyms: Cenchrus brownii Spreng.
Reference: DeLisle, D. G., 1963: 278. 
Ecology: Native herb. Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 1575 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Cenchrus ciliaris L.



Cenchrus ciliaris L.

Synonyms: Cenchrus ciliaris (L.) Link
Reference: McVaugh, R., 1983: 111; Tovar, O., 1981: 108. 
Ecology: Introduced herb. Amazonian, Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Llatas  2135 (MO!)
Departments: Piura, Ucayali.


$


 Cenchrus echinatus L.



Cenchrus echinatus L.

Synonyms: Cenchrus echinatus Hitchc., Cenchrus echinatus Steud. ex Lechler
Reference: DeLisle, D. G., 1963: 283; Tovar, O., 1986: 51. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas, dry valleys. 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: Smith & V&aacute;squez 3425 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Lima, La Libertad, Piura.


$


 Cenchrus granularis L.


Cenchrus granularis L. = Hackelochloa granularis (L.) Kuntze

Reference: FP 719: 258. 


$


 Cenchrus hillebrandianus Hitchc.


Cenchrus hillebrandianus Hitchc. = Cenchrus echinatus L.

Reference: FP 719: 243; DeLisle, D. G., 1963: 283. 


$


 Cenchrus humilis Hitchc.


Cenchrus humilis Hitchc. = Cenchrus incertus M.A. Curtis

Reference: FP 719: 244. 


$


 Cenchrus incertus M.A. Curtis



Cenchrus incertus M.A. Curtis

Synonyms: Cenchrus incertus Benth., Cenchrus incertus Hitchc.
Reference: DeLisle, D. G., 1963: 308. 
Ecology: Native herb. Coastal: lomas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: L&oacute;pez 53 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Moquegua, Tacna.


$


 Cenchrus lechleri Steud. ex Lechler


Cenchrus lechleri Steud. ex Lechler = Cenchrus echinatus L.

Reference: DeLisle, D. G., 1963: 282. 


$


 Cenchrus limensis Nees ex Meyen



Cenchrus limensis Nees ex Meyen

Reference: Chase, A. & C. D. Niles, 1962: 459. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Application of this name uncertain. 


$


 Cenchrus mutilatus Kuntze


Cenchrus mutilatus Kuntze = Pennisetum montanum (Griseb.) Hack.

$


 Cenchrus myosuroides Kunth



Cenchrus myosuroides Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 244. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: disturbed areas. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Sullivan et al. 972 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lima.


$


 Cenchrus pallidus E. Fourn.


Cenchrus pallidus E. Fourn. = Cenchrus pilosus Kunth

Reference: DeLisle, D. G., 1963: 286. 


$


 Cenchrus parviflorus Poir.


Cenchrus parviflorus Poir. = Setaria parviflora (Poir.) Kergu&eacute;len

Reference: Kergu&eacute;len, M., 1987: 162. 


$


 Cenchrus pauciflorus Benth.


Cenchrus pauciflorus Benth. = Cenchrus incertus M.A. Curtis

Reference: FP 719: 244; DeLisle, D. G., 1963: 308. 


$


 Cenchrus pilosus Kunth



Cenchrus pilosus Kunth

Synonyms: Cenchrus pilosus E. Fourn.
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 244; DeLisle, D. G., 1963: 286. 
Ecology: Native herb. Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Horton 11591 (MO!)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Cenchrus racemosus L.


Cenchrus racemosus L. = Tragus racemosus (L.) All.

Reference: Anton, A. M., 1981: 57. 


$


 Cenchrus setosus Sw.


Cenchrus setosus Sw. = Pennisetum setosum (Sw.) Rich.

Reference: Killeen, T. J., 1990: 182. 


$


 Cenchrus viridis Spreng.


Cenchrus viridis Spreng. = Cenchrus brownii Roem. & Schult.

Reference: FP 719: 244; DeLisle, D. G., 1963: 278. 


$


 Centaurea melitensis L.



Centaurea melitensis L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1419: 2. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb. Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-3500 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 9856 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad.


$


 Centaurium erythraea Rafn



Centaurium erythraea Rafn

Synonyms: Centaurium erythraea Gilg
Reference: Broome, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Introduced herb. Coastal: disturbed areas, lomas. 0-500 m. 
Note: A local variant of this European plant was described a E. lomae by Glig.  
Voucher: Weberbauer 1647 (B)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Centaurium pulchellum (Sw.) Druce



Centaurium pulchellum (Sw.) Druce

Synonyms: Centaurium pulchellum Sw.
Reference: Fabris, F. A., 1983: 62. 
Ecology: Introduced herb. Andean I: disturbed areas. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui & L&oacute;pez 10552 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Centaurium quitense (Kunth) B.L. Rob.



Centaurium quitense (Kunth) B.L. Rob.

Synonyms: Centaurium quitense (Kunth) Griseb., Centaurium quitense (Kunth) Sprengel, Centaurium quitense Kunth
Reference: Broome, C. R., 1976: 416. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I, Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-1500 m. 
Note: Treated under Erythraea in the Flora of Peru.  
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui & L&oacute;pez 10522 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lambayeque.


$


 Centella asiatica (L.) Urb.



Centella asiatica (L.) Urb.

Synonyms: Centella asiatica L.
Reference: Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 34. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Only one specimen, Dombey 591 (G), has been reported, and the exact locality of this collection is unknown.  Unless it is a chance introduction, the plant would probably not be C. asiatica (the Asian diploid); all New World members of C. asiatica complex are polyploid so far as known (Constance, pers. comm.).  


$


 Centradeniastrum roseum Cogn.



Centradeniastrum roseum Cogn.

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 258. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Andean II: forests. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4086* (US!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Centratherum aristatum Cass.


Centratherum aristatum Cass. = Centratherum punctatum Cass.

Reference: FP 1416: 59. 


$


 Centratherum brachylepis Sch. Bip. ex Baker


Centratherum brachylepis Sch. Bip. ex Baker = Centratherum punctatum Cass.

Reference: FP 1416: 59. 


$


 Centratherum brevispinum Cass.


Centratherum brevispinum Cass. = Centratherum punctatum Cass.

Reference: FP 1416: 59. 


$



$


 Centratherum camporum var. longipes (Hassl.) Malme


Centratherum camporum var. longipes (Hassl.) Malme = Centratherum punctatum Cass.

Reference: FP 1416: 60. 


$


 Centratherum holotoni Baker


Centratherum holotoni Baker = Centratherum punctatum Cass.

Reference: FP 1416: 59. 


$


 Centratherum intermedium (Link) Less.


Centratherum intermedium (Link) Less. = Centratherum punctatum Cass.

Reference: FP 1416: 59. 


$


 Centratherum longispinum Cass.


Centratherum longispinum Cass. = Centratherum punctatum Cass.

Reference: FP 1416: 59. 


$


 Centratherum muticum (Kunth) Less.


Centratherum muticum (Kunth) Less. = Centratherum punctatum Cass.

Reference: FP 1416: 59. 


$


 Centratherum pulchellum (Cass.) Steud.


Centratherum pulchellum (Cass.) Steud. = Centratherum punctatum Cass.

Reference: FP 1416: 59. 


$


 Centratherum punctatum Cass.



Centratherum punctatum Cass.

Synonyms: Centratherum punctatum (Baker) Kuntze, Centratherum punctatum (Cass.) Kuntze, Centratherum punctatum (Cass.) Steud., Centratherum punctatum (Chod.) Hassl., Centratherum punctatum (Hassl.) Malme, Centratherum punctatum (Kunth) Kuntze, Centratherum punctatum (Kunth) Less., Centratherum punctatum (Link) Less., Centratherum punctatum (Schrank) Gleason, Centratherum punctatum (Schrank) Kuntze, Centratherum punctatum (Schrank) Schrank, Centratherum punctatum (Schultz-Bip. ex Baker) Kuntze, Centratherum punctatum Baker, Centratherum punctatum Baker, Centratherum punctatum Cass., Centratherum punctatum Cass., Centratherum punctatum Cass., Centratherum punctatum Cass., Centratherum punctatum Cass., Centratherum punctatum Chod., Centratherum punctatum Hassl., Centratherum punctatum Hassl., Centratherum punctatum Kunth, Centratherum punctatum Kunth, Centratherum punctatum Link, Centratherum punctatum Sch. Bip. ex Baker, Centratherum punctatum Schrank, Centratherum punctatum Vell.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1416: 59; Kirkman, L. K., 1981: 15. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 7643 (MO)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Centratherum punctatum fo. brachyphyllum Hassl.


Centratherum punctatum fo. brachyphyllum Hassl. = Centratherum punctatum Cass.

Reference: FP 1416: 59. 


$


 Centratherum punctatum fo. foliosum (Chod.) Hassl.


Centratherum punctatum fo. foliosum (Chod.) Hassl. = Centratherum punctatum Cass.

Reference: FP 1416: 59. 


$



$


 Centratherum punctatum var. foliosa Chod.


Centratherum punctatum var. foliosa Chod. = Centratherum punctatum Cass.

Reference: FP 1416: 59. 


$


 Centratherum punctatum var. longipes Hassl.


Centratherum punctatum var. longipes Hassl. = Centratherum punctatum Cass.

Reference: FP 1416: 59. 


$


 Centratherum punctatum var. parviflorum Baker


Centratherum punctatum var. parviflorum Baker = Centratherum punctatum Cass.

Reference: FP 1416: 59. 


$



$


 Centratherum violaceum (Schrank) Gleason


Centratherum violaceum (Schrank) Gleason = Centratherum punctatum Cass.

Reference: FP 1416: 60. 


$


 Centroclinium albicans D. Don


Centroclinium albicans D. Don = Onoseris albicans (D. Don) Ferreyra

Reference: Ferreyra, R., 1944: 389. 


$


 Centroclinium altissimum Poepp.


Centroclinium altissimum Poepp. = Lycoseris trinervis (Ruiz & Pav. ex D. Don) S.F. Blake

Reference: Harling, G., 1991: 34. 


$


 Centroclinium reflexum Hook.


Centroclinium reflexum Hook. = Onoseris odorata (D. Don) Hook. & Arn.

Reference: Harling, G., 1991: 34. 


$


 Centrodiscus grandifolius M&uuml;ll. Arg.


Centrodiscus grandifolius M&uuml;ll. Arg. = Caryodendron grandifolium (M&uuml;ll. Arg.) Pax

Reference: FP 674: 154. 


$


 Centroglossa peruviana Cogn.


Centroglossa peruviana Cogn. = Cryptocentrum peruvianum (Cogn.) C. Schweinf.

Reference: FP 1473: 760; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Centronia excelsa (Bonpl.) Triana


Centronia excelsa (Bonpl.) Triana = Meriania tomentosa (Cogn.) Wurdack

Reference: FP 761: 327; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 18. 


$


 Centronia laurifolia D. Don



Centronia laurifolia D. Don

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 327; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 38. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (BM)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Centronia peruviana J.F. Macbr.



Centronia peruviana J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 327. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean II: cloud forests. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Stork & Horton 9928* , Asplund 13691 (US!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Centronia reticulata Triana



Centronia reticulata Triana

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 328. 
Voucher: Spruce 4840* , Ule 6747 (US!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Centronia tomentosa Cogn.


Centronia tomentosa Cogn. = Meriania tomentosa (Cogn.) Wurdack

Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 18. 


$


 Centropetalum distichum Lindl.


Centropetalum distichum Lindl. = Fernandezia subbiflora Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1484: 982; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Centropetalum hartwegii (Rchb. f.) Kraenzl.


Centropetalum hartwegii (Rchb. f.) Kraenzl. = Fernandezia hartwegii (Reichenbach f.) Garay & Dunst.

Reference: FP 1484: 983; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx. 


$


 Centropetalum ionantherum (Rchb. f. & Warsz.) Kraenzl.


Centropetalum ionantherum (Rchb. f. & Warsz.) Kraenzl. = Fernandezia ionanthera (Rchb. f. & Warsz.) Schltr.

Reference: FP 1484: 983; Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 73. 


$


 Centropetalum nigro-signatum Kraenzl.


Centropetalum nigro-signatum Kraenzl. = Fernandezia nigro-signata (Kraenzl.) Garay & Dunst.

Reference: FP 1484: 984; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Centropetalum warscewiczii Rchb. f.


Centropetalum warscewiczii Rchb. f. = Fernandezia subbiflora Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1484: 982; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Centropogon aggregatus (Rusby) Gleason


Centropogon aggregatus (Rusby) Gleason = Centropogon granulosus C. Presl

Reference: FP 1381: 401; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 84; Stein, B. A., 1987: 273. 


$


 Centropogon aggregatus var. cardinalis (A. Zahlbruckner & Rechinger) E. Wimm.


Centropogon aggregatus var. cardinalis (A. Zahlbruckner & Rechinger) E. Wimm. = Centropogon granulosus C. Presl

Reference: FP 1381: 402. 


$


 Centropogon alsophilus E. Wimm.



Centropogon alsophilus E. Wimm.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 402; Stein, B. A., 1987: 243; Stein, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1000 m. 
Note: Jeppesen (1981) erroneously applied the name C. planchonis to this species. 
Voucher: Klug 3432* (US), Stein & Todzia 2127 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Centropogon altus E. Wimm.



Centropogon altus E. Wimm.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 402; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 255. 
Ecology: Endemic herb, shrub. Andean II: cloud forests. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 4470* (F), Stein & Todzia 2123 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Centropogon amplicorollinus (E. Wimm.) B. A. Stein



Centropogon amplicorollinus (E. Wimm.) B. A. Stein

Synonyms: Centropogon amplicorollinus E. Wimm.
Reference: Stein, B. A., 1987: 379; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 184. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: New combination made in Appendix 1.  
Voucher: Williams  1904* (F), D&iacute;az et al. 549 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Centropogon amplifolius Vatke


Centropogon amplifolius Vatke = Centropogon macrophyllus (G. Don) E. Wimm.

Reference: FP 1381: 419; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 93; Stein, B. A., 1987: 171. 


$


 Centropogon andropogon (Cav.) A. DC. in DC.


Centropogon andropogon (Cav.) A. DC. in DC. = Centropogon cornutus (L.) Druce

Reference: Jeppesen, S., 1981: 72; Stein, B. A., 1987: 135. 


$


 Centropogon angustus Gleason


Centropogon angustus Gleason = Centropogon hirtus (Cav.) C. Presl

Reference: Jeppesen, S., 1981: 88; Stein, B. A., 1987: 182. 


$


 Centropogon argutus E. Wimm.



Centropogon argutus E. Wimm.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 402; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 58; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 244. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, liana. Andean II: cloud forests. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Lobb s.n.* , Woytkowski 7815 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Centropogon asteriscus (E. Wimmer) McVaugh


Centropogon asteriscus (E. Wimmer) McVaugh = Centropogon peruvianus (E. Wimm.) McVaugh

Reference: McVaugh, R., 1949: 462; Stein, B. A., 1987: 495. 


$


 Centropogon astrotrichus E. Wimm.



Centropogon astrotrichus E. Wimm.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 403; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 238. 
Voucher: Raimondi 2897* 
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Centropogon aurantiacus Gleason


Centropogon aurantiacus Gleason = Centropogon luteus E. Wimm.

Reference: FP 1381: 418; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 93; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 246. 


$


 Centropogon auratus E. Wimm.


Centropogon auratus E. Wimm. = Centropogon reflexus C. Presl

Reference: FP 1381: 403; Stein, B. A., 1987: 395. 


$


 Centropogon bangii A. Zahlbruckner



Centropogon bangii A. Zahlbruckner

Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 403; Stein, B. A., 1987: 416. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Centropogon barbatus (Cav.) Planch.


Centropogon barbatus (Cav.) Planch. = Centropogon ferrugineus (L. f.) Gleason

Reference: FP 1381: 410; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 79. 


$


 Centropogon brittonianus A. Zahlbruckner



Centropogon brittonianus A. Zahlbruckner

Synonyms: Centropogon brittonianus Vatke
Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 404. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Centropogon bruneo-tomentosus E. Wimm.



Centropogon bruneo-tomentosus E. Wimm.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 404; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 240. 
Voucher: Raimondi 12036* (B)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Centropogon caninus E. Wimm.


Centropogon caninus E. Wimm. = Centropogon umbrosus E. Wimm.

Reference: FP 1381: 405; Stein, B. A., 1987: 177. 


$


 Centropogon caoutchouc (Kunth) Gleason



Centropogon caoutchouc (Kunth) Gleason

Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 418. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: shrublands. 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Listed in the Flora of Peru as a synonym of C. luteus "saltem p. p."; but Wimmer apparently meant that C. luteus had been misidentified by Gleason as C. caoutchouc, and he was not including the type.  
Voucher: Woytkowski 7991 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Centropogon capitatus Drake



Centropogon capitatus Drake

Synonyms: Centropogon capitatus A. Zahlbruckner, Centropogon capitatus E. Wimm., Centropogon capitatus E. Wimm.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 405; Stein, B. A., 1987: 162. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests, riversides, rocky slopes. 0-2500 m. 
Note: Treated by Jeppesen (1981b: 93) as a synonym of C. macrophyllus. 
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 5062 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Centropogon capitatus fo. hirtus A. Zahlbruckner


Centropogon capitatus fo. hirtus A. Zahlbruckner = Centropogon capitatus Drake

Reference: FP 1381: 405; Stein, B. A., 1987: 162. 


$


 Centropogon capitatus var. fieldii E. Wimm.


Centropogon capitatus var. fieldii E. Wimm. = Centropogon capitatus Drake

Reference: FP 1381: 406; Stein, B. A., 1987: 162. 


$


 Centropogon capitatus var. trichandrus E. Wimm.


Centropogon capitatus var. trichandrus E. Wimm. = Centropogon capitatus Drake

Reference: FP 1381: 406; Stein, B. A., 1987: 162. 


$


 Centropogon cardinalis A. Zahlbruckner & Rechinger


Centropogon cardinalis A. Zahlbruckner & Rechinger = Centropogon granulosus C. Presl

Reference: FP 1381: 402; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 84. 


$


 Centropogon casapiensis E. Wimm.


Centropogon casapiensis E. Wimm. = Centropogon granulosus C. Presl

Reference: FP 1381: 406; Stein, B. A., 1987: 273. 


$


 Centropogon ciliatus Gleason


Centropogon ciliatus Gleason = Centropogon sciaphilus A. Zahlbruckner

Reference: FP 1381: 424; Stein, B. A., 1987: 386. 


$


 Centropogon cinereus fo. odontosepalus E. Wimm.


Centropogon cinereus fo. odontosepalus E. Wimm. = Centropogon verbascifolius (C. Presl) Gleason

Reference: FP 1381: 427. 


$


 Centropogon cinereus Gleason


Centropogon cinereus Gleason = Centropogon verbascifolius (C. Presl) Gleason

Reference: FP 1381: 427. 


$


 Centropogon comosus Gleason



Centropogon comosus Gleason

Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 406. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Centropogon congestus Gleason



Centropogon congestus Gleason

Synonyms: Centropogon congestus Gleason
Reference: Stein, B. A., 1987: 180, 196. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Isern 2566 cited by Wimmer (1943): 180) is redetermined as C. umbrosus by Stein (pers. comm.). 


$


 Centropogon cornutus (L.) Druce



Centropogon cornutus (L.) Druce

Synonyms: Centropogon cornutus (Cav.) A. DC. in DC., Centropogon cornutus (Cav.) G. Don, Centropogon cornutus (L. f.) A. DC., Centropogon cornutus (L. f.) E. Wimm., Centropogon cornutus (L.) C. Presl, Centropogon cornutus (L.) G. Don, Centropogon cornutus Cav., Centropogon cornutus E. Wimm., Centropogon cornutus E. Wimm., Centropogon cornutus Kunth, Centropogon cornutus L., Centropogon cornutus L., Centropogon cornutus L. f., Centropogon cornutus Pohl, Centropogon cornutus Scheidweiler in Otto & Dietr., Centropogon cornutus Vell.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 407; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 72; Stein, B. A., 1987: 133. 
Ecology: Native herb, liana, shrub, subshrub, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, riversides. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Stein 2516 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes, Ucayali.


$


 Centropogon cornutus fo. leucostomus E. Wimm.


Centropogon cornutus fo. leucostomus E. Wimm. = Centropogon cornutus (L.) Druce

Reference: FP 1381: 407; Stein, B. A., 1987: 136. 


$


 Centropogon cornutus var. laevigatus (L. f.) E. Wimm.


Centropogon cornutus var. laevigatus (L. f.) E. Wimm. = Centropogon cornutus (L.) Druce

Reference: FP 1381: 407; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 72; Stein, B. A., 1987: 136. 


$


 Centropogon cuspidatus A. DC.


Centropogon cuspidatus A. DC. = Centropogon granulosus C. Presl

Reference: FP 1381: 414; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 84; Stein, B. A., 1987: 273. 


$


 Centropogon densiflorus Benth.



Centropogon densiflorus Benth.

Synonyms: Centropogon densiflorus Drake
Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 408; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 75; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 169; Stein, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   The type, Hartweg 775, was actually collected in Ecuador.  Stein (1987c: 339) cites no Peruvian specimens. 


$


 Centropogon dombeyanus (C. Presl) E. Wimm.



Centropogon dombeyanus (C. Presl) E. Wimm.

Synonyms: Centropogon dombeyanus A. DC., Centropogon dombeyanus C. Presl
Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 408; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 258. 
Ecology. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Dombey  s.n.* , Stein 3813 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Centropogon erianthus (Benth.) Benth. & Hook. f. ex Drake



Centropogon erianthus (Benth.) Benth. & Hook. f. ex Drake

Synonyms: Centropogon erianthus Benth., Centropogon erianthus E. Wimm., Centropogon erianthus E. Wimm.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 408; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 77. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean III: grasslands. 4000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Hartweg 778* 
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Centropogon erianthus var. brachysepalus E. Wimm.


Centropogon erianthus var. brachysepalus E. Wimm. = Centropogon erianthus (Benth.) Benth. & Hook. f. ex Drake

Reference: FP 1381: 409; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 250. 
Note: Cited in Wimmer (1943) as "brachyanthus", in error.  


$


 Centropogon erianthus var. diversipilis E. Wimm.


Centropogon erianthus var. diversipilis E. Wimm. = Centropogon erianthus (Benth.) Benth. & Hook. f. ex Drake

Reference: Wimmer, F. E., 1968: 842. 


$


 Centropogon erythraeus Drake



Centropogon erythraeus Drake

Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 409; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 79. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Centropogon estrellanus (E. Wimmer) E. Wimm.


Centropogon estrellanus (E. Wimmer) E. Wimm. = Centropogon urubambae E. Wimm.

Reference: Stein, B. A., 1987: 400. 


$


 Centropogon eurystomus E. Wimm.



Centropogon eurystomus E. Wimm.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 409; Stein, B. A., 1987: 231; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 181. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   The type, Spruce s.n., was collected in present-day Ecuador. 


$


 Centropogon exasperatus C. Presl


Centropogon exasperatus C. Presl = Centropogon hirtus (Cav.) C. Presl

Reference: FP 1381: 410; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 88; Stein, B. A., 1987: 182. 


$


 Centropogon fastuosus Scheidweiler in Otto & Dietr.


Centropogon fastuosus Scheidweiler in Otto & Dietr. = Centropogon cornutus (L.) Druce

Reference: FP 1381: 407; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 72; Stein, B. A., 1987: 136. 


$


 Centropogon featherstonei Gleason



Centropogon featherstonei Gleason

Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 410; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 238. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, forests, shrublands. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 1605* (F), Stein & Todzia 2059 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Centropogon ferrugineus (L. f.) Gleason



Centropogon ferrugineus (L. f.) Gleason

Synonyms: Centropogon ferrugineus (Cav.) G. Don, Centropogon ferrugineus (Cav.) Planch., Centropogon ferrugineus Cav., Centropogon ferrugineus G. Don, Centropogon ferrugineus L. f.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 410; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 79; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 225. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III: forests. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Metcalf 30740 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Centropogon ferrugineus var. vulgatus E. Wimm.


Centropogon ferrugineus var. vulgatus E. Wimm. = Centropogon intonsus Gleason

Reference: Jeppesen, S., 1981: 88. 


$


 Centropogon flexuosus var. ethnicus E. Wimm.


Centropogon flexuosus var. ethnicus E. Wimm. = Centropogon longipetiolatus E. Wimm.

Reference: Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 196. 


$


 Centropogon fuscus (G. Don) E. Wimm.



Centropogon fuscus (G. Don) E. Wimm.

Synonyms: Centropogon fuscus (G. Don) C. Presl, Centropogon fuscus G. Don
Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 411; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 243. 
Ecology: Native shrub, vine. . 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Centropogon fuscus var. gleasonii E. Wimm.


Centropogon fuscus var. gleasonii E. Wimm. = Centropogon gleasonii (E. Wimm.) E. Wimm.

Reference: FP 1381: 411; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 243. 


$


 Centropogon gamosepalus Zahlbr.



Centropogon gamosepalus Zahlbr.

Synonyms: Centropogon gamosepalus A. Zahlbruckner
Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 411; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 81; Stein, B. A., 1987: 213. 
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Spruce 4131* (W photo F!), Smith 4423 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Centropogon gesneriiformis Drake



Centropogon gesneriiformis Drake

Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 412; Stein, B. A., 1987: 204. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Andean I: cloud forests, forests. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Wasshausen & Encarnaci&oacute;n 871 (US)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Centropogon gesnerioides Gleason


Centropogon gesnerioides Gleason = Centropogon congestus Gleason

Reference: FP 1381: 412; Stein, B. A., 1987: 187. 
Note: NN  


$


 Centropogon gesnerioides var. viperinus E. Wimm.


Centropogon gesnerioides var. viperinus E. Wimm. = Centropogon umbrosus E. Wimm.

Reference: FP 1381: 412; Stein, B. A., 1987: 177. 


$


 Centropogon gesnerioides var. zelans E. Wimm.


Centropogon gesnerioides var. zelans E. Wimm. = Centropogon umbrosus E. Wimm.

Reference: FP 1381: 413; Stein, B. A., 1987: 177; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 181. 


$


 Centropogon gleasonii (E. Wimm.) E. Wimm.



Centropogon gleasonii (E. Wimm.) E. Wimm.

Synonyms: Centropogon gleasonii E. Wimm., Centropogon gleasonii Gleason
Reference: Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 243. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 4473* (F)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Centropogon gloriosus (Britton) A. Zahlbruckner



Centropogon gloriosus (Britton) A. Zahlbruckner

Synonyms: Centropogon gloriosus Britton
Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 413. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Centropogon gracilis Drake


Centropogon gracilis Drake = Centropogon densiflorus Benth.

Reference: FP 1381: 408; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 75; Stein, B. A., 1987: 342. 


$


 Centropogon grandicephalus A. Zahlbruckner


Centropogon grandicephalus A. Zahlbruckner = Centropogon gamosepalus Zahlbr.

Reference: FP 1381: 413; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 81; Stein, B. A., 1987: 213. 


$


 Centropogon granulosus C. Presl



Centropogon granulosus C. Presl

Synonyms: Centropogon granulosus (A. DC.) E. Wimm., Centropogon granulosus (A. Zahlbruckner & Rechinger) E. Wimm., Centropogon granulosus (Rusby) E. Wimm., Centropogon granulosus (Rusby) Gleason, Centropogon granulosus (Zahlbr. & Rech.) E. Wimm., Centropogon granulosus A. DC., Centropogon granulosus A. Zahlbruckner & Rechinger, Centropogon granulosus E. Wimm., Centropogon granulosus E. Wimm., Centropogon granulosus Gleason, Centropogon granulosus Rusby
Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 414; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 84; Stein, B. A., 1987: 273. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub, vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (W), Wasshausen & Encarnaci&oacute;n 721 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Pasco, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Centropogon granulosus fo. cardinalis (Zahlbr. & Rech.) E. Wimm.


Centropogon granulosus fo. cardinalis (Zahlbr. & Rech.) E. Wimm. = Centropogon granulosus C. Presl

Reference: Jeppesen, S., 1981: 84; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 170. 


$


 Centropogon granulosus var. aggregatus (Rusby) E. Wimm.


Centropogon granulosus var. aggregatus (Rusby) E. Wimm. = Centropogon granulosus C. Presl

Reference: Jeppesen, S., 1981: 84; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 170. 


$


 Centropogon granulosus var. cuspidatus (A. DC.) E. Wimm.


Centropogon granulosus var. cuspidatus (A. DC.) E. Wimm. = Centropogon granulosus C. Presl

Reference: Jeppesen, S., 1981: 84. 


$


 Centropogon hartwegii (Benth.) Benth. & Hook. f.



Centropogon hartwegii (Benth.) Benth. & Hook. f.

Synonyms: Centropogon hartwegii Benth.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 414. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


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 Centropogon hirtus (Cav.) C. Presl



Centropogon hirtus (Cav.) C. Presl

Synonyms: Centropogon hirtus (Cav.) G. Don, Centropogon hirtus C. Presl, Centropogon hirtus Cav., Centropogon hirtus Gleason
Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 415; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 88; Stein, B. A., 1987: 182. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: cloud forests, disturbed areas, riversides. 2000-3000 m. 
Note: The type, Nee s.n., is supposedly from Ecuador but was probably collected by Haenke in Peru.  The species is otherwise known only from the Department of Hu&aacute;nuco.  
Voucher: Davidson & Jones 9197 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Centropogon hypotrichus E. Wimm.



Centropogon hypotrichus E. Wimm.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 415; Stein, B. A., 1987: 454. 
Ecology: Endemic . 
Voucher: Jelski 59* (W photo F!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Centropogon incanus (Britton) A. Zahlbruckner



Centropogon incanus (Britton) A. Zahlbruckner

Synonyms: Centropogon incanus Britton
Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 415. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: cloud forests, rocky slopes. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Metcalf 30675 (MO!)
Departments: Puno.


$


 Centropogon inflatus E. Wimm.


Centropogon inflatus E. Wimm. = Centropogon roseus Rusby

Reference: FP 1381: 416; Stein, B. A., 1987: 219. 


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 Centropogon intonsus Gleason



Centropogon intonsus Gleason

Synonyms: Centropogon intonsus E. Wimm.
Reference: Jeppesen, S., 1981: 89. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


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 Centropogon isabellinus E. Wimm.



Centropogon isabellinus E. Wimm.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 416; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 256. 
Ecology: Endemic herb, shrub. Andean III: shrublands. 3500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Cook & Gilbert 1274* , N&uacute;&ntilde;ez & Arque 8278 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Centropogon lateriflorus E. Wimm.



Centropogon lateriflorus E. Wimm.

Reference: Stein, B. A., 1987: 281. 
Ecology: Native vine. Andean I-II: forests. 1000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Barbour 2975 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Centropogon latifolius E. Wimm.



Centropogon latifolius E. Wimm.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 416; Stein, B. A., 1987: 383. 
Ecology: herb, shrub, subshrub. Andean II: cloud forests, disturbed areas. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 25918* (US), Gentry et al. 29562 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Pasco.


$


 Centropogon longifolius E. Wimm.



Centropogon longifolius E. Wimm.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 417; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 223. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, subshrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, rocky slopes, shrublands. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 1186* , Stein & Kallunki 3841 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Puno.


$


 Centropogon longipetiolatus E. Wimm.



Centropogon longipetiolatus E. Wimm.

Synonyms: Centropogon longipetiolatus E. Wimm.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 417; Stein, B. A., 1987: 454. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (B photo F!)


$


 Centropogon loretensis E. Wimm.



Centropogon loretensis E. Wimm.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 417; Stein, B. A., 1987: 369. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Tessmann 3906* (B photo F!), Ancuash 620 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Centropogon luteus E. Wimm.



Centropogon luteus E. Wimm.

Synonyms: Centropogon luteus Gleason
Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 418; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 93; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 246. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: cloud forests, rocky slopes. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Stein & Todzia 2267 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Centropogon macbridei Gleason



Centropogon macbridei Gleason

Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 418; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 237. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 4183* (F)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Centropogon macrocarpus A. Zahlbruckner



Centropogon macrocarpus A. Zahlbruckner

Synonyms: Centropogon macrocarpus (A. Zahlbruckner) E. Wimm.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 393; Stein, B. A., 1987: 495. 
Ecology. . 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Centropogon macrophyllus (G. Don) E. Wimm.



Centropogon macrophyllus (G. Don) E. Wimm.

Synonyms: Centropogon macrophyllus (G. Don) C. Presl, Centropogon macrophyllus E. Wimm., Centropogon macrophyllus G. Don, Centropogon macrophyllus Vatke
Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 419; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 93; Stein, B. A., 1987: 171. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub, subshrub. Andean I-II: cloud forests, disturbed areas, forests, rocky slopes. 500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (LE), Gentry et al. 41454 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Centropogon macrophyllus fo. minoratus E. Wimm.


Centropogon macrophyllus fo. minoratus E. Wimm. = Centropogon macrophyllus (G. Don) E. Wimm.

Reference: FP 1381: 419; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 94; Stein, B. A., 1987: 171. 


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 Centropogon macrostemon A. Zahlbruckner


Centropogon macrostemon A. Zahlbruckner = Siphocampylus macrostemon (C. Presl) A. DC.

Reference: FP 1381: 458. 


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 Centropogon mandonis A. Zahlbruckner



Centropogon mandonis A. Zahlbruckner

Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 419; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 258. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 880 (MOL!)
Departments: Puno.


$


 Centropogon nervosus E. Wimm. ex Gleason



Centropogon nervosus E. Wimm. ex Gleason

Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 420; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 228. 
Ecology: Native shrub, vine. Andean II: disturbed areas, forests. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Cook & Gilbert 1374* , Stein & Todzia 2448 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Centropogon ostrinus E. Wimm.


Centropogon ostrinus E. Wimm. = Centropogon yungasensis Britton

Reference: FP 1381: 420; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 172; Stein, B. A., 1987: 390. 


$


 Centropogon pallidus Drake


Centropogon pallidus Drake = Burmeistera ramosa E. Wimm.

Reference: Jeppesen, S., 1981: 40. 
Note: If Jeppesen's synonymy is correct, this name has priority.  


$


 Centropogon pamplonensis E. Wimm.



Centropogon pamplonensis E. Wimm.

$


 Centropogon pamplonensis var. glabriflorus E. Wimm.


Centropogon pamplonensis var. glabriflorus E. Wimm. = Centropogon vernicosus A. Zahlbruckner

Reference: Stein, B. A., 1987: 456; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 185. 


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 Centropogon pamplonensis var. peruvianus E. Wimm.


Centropogon pamplonensis var. peruvianus E. Wimm. = Centropogon vernicosus A. Zahlbruckner

Reference: FP 1381: 421; Stein, B. A., 1987: 456. 


$


 Centropogon parvulus Gleason


Centropogon parvulus Gleason = Centropogon granulosus C. Presl

Reference: FP 1381: 420; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 84; Stein, B. A., 1987: 273. 


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 Centropogon pedicellaris Gleason



Centropogon pedicellaris Gleason

$


 Centropogon pedicellaris var.gallerensis Gleason



Centropogon pedicellaris var. gallerensis Gleason

Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 421; Stein, B. A., 1987: 454. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   This is a Colombian taxon; Jeppesen (1981b: 103) confused this with C. planchonis (Stein, pers. comm.). 


$


 Centropogon perlongus Gleason



Centropogon perlongus Gleason

Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 421; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 245. 
Ecology. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Cook & Gilbert 1355* , Stein & Todzia 2449 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Centropogon peruvianus (E. Wimm.) McVaugh



Centropogon peruvianus (E. Wimm.) McVaugh

Synonyms: Centropogon peruvianus (E. Wimmer) McVaugh, Centropogon peruvianus E. Wimm., Centropogon peruvianus E. Wimm.
Reference: Stein, B. A., 1987: 495. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: cloud forests, disturbed areas, forests. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Foster & Wachter 7499 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Centropogon pilosulus E. Wimm.


Centropogon pilosulus E. Wimm. = Centropogon vernicosus A. Zahlbruckner

Reference: FP 1381: 421; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 187; Stein, B. A., 1987: 456. 


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 Centropogon planchonis var. amplicorollinus E. Wimm.


Centropogon planchonis var. amplicorollinus E. Wimm. = Centropogon amplicorollinus (E. Wimm.) B. A. Stein

Reference: Stein, B. A., 1987: 379; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 184. 


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 Centropogon planchonis var. heteranthus E. Wimm.


Centropogon planchonis var. heteranthus E. Wimm. = Centropogon granulosus C. Presl

Reference: Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 184. 


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 Centropogon planchonis Zahlbr.


Centropogon planchonis Zahlbr. = Centropogon solanifolius Benth.

Reference: FP 1381: 421; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 103; Stein, B. A., 1987: 246. 
Note: NN  


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 Centropogon preslii E. Wimm.



Centropogon preslii E. Wimm.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 422; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 104; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 231. 
Ecology. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 4863 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas.


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 Centropogon puerilis E. Wimm.


Centropogon puerilis E. Wimm. = Centropogon cornutus (L.) Druce

Reference: FP 1381: 422; Stein, B. A., 1987: 136; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 201. 


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 Centropogon pulcher Zahlbr.



Centropogon pulcher Zahlbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 422; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 105; Stein, B. A., 1987: 331. 
Ecology: Endemic liana, subshrub, vine. Andean I-II: cloud forests. 500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 2164* (B photo F!), Stein & Todzia 2386 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Centropogon reflexus C. Presl



Centropogon reflexus C. Presl

Synonyms: Centropogon reflexus E. Wimm., Centropogon reflexus Gleason
Reference: Stein, B. A., 1987: 395; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 192. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean II: cloud forests, riversides. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Haenke 1919* (F), Croat 57838 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Centropogon reticulatis Drake



Centropogon reticulatis Drake

Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 423; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 106. 
Ecology: Native subshrub. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui & Cabanilles 8597 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Piura.


$


 Centropogon roseus Rusby



Centropogon roseus Rusby

Synonyms: Centropogon roseus E. Wimm.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 423; Stein, B. A., 1987: 219. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Dudley 1026 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Madre de Dios.


$


 Centropogon rubrovenosus Gleason


Centropogon rubrovenosus Gleason = Centropogon reflexus C. Presl

Reference: FP 1381: 403; Stein, B. A., 1987: 395. 


$


 Centropogon rufus E. Wimm.



Centropogon rufus E. Wimm.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 423; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 243. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 7044* 


$


 Centropogon rufus Gleason


Centropogon rufus Gleason = Centropogon gleasonii (E. Wimm.) E. Wimm.

Reference: FP 1381: 411. 


$


 Centropogon scabiosus E. Wimm.



Centropogon scabiosus E. Wimm.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 424; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 226. 
Ecology. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* , Vargas 2878 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Centropogon sciaphilus A. Zahlbruckner



Centropogon sciaphilus A. Zahlbruckner

Synonyms: Centropogon sciaphilus Gleason
Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 424; Stein, B. A., 1987: 386. 
Ecology: Endemic herb, shrub, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: cloud forests, disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 1651* (W photo F!), Gentry et al. 18848 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Centropogon silvaticus E. Wimm.



Centropogon silvaticus E. Wimm.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 424; Stein, B. A., 1987: 225. 
Ecology: Endemic herb, shrub. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 3062* (US), Berlin 22 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto.


$


 Centropogon solanifolius Benth.



Centropogon solanifolius Benth.

Synonyms: Centropogon solanifolius Zahlbr.
Reference: Jeppesen, S., 1981: 112; Stein, B. A., 1987: 246. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Centropogon subandinus Zahlbr.



Centropogon subandinus Zahlbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 425; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 116. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Centropogon subcordatus Zahlbr.



Centropogon subcordatus Zahlbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 425; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 117. 
Ecology: Native shrub. . 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Centropogon surinamensis (L.) C. Presl


Centropogon surinamensis (L.) C. Presl = Centropogon cornutus (L.) Druce

Reference: FP 1381: 407; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 72. 


$


 Centropogon tessmannii E. Wimm.



Centropogon tessmannii E. Wimm.

Synonyms: Centropogon tessmannii E. Wimm.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 425; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 118; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 215. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Wasshausen & Encarnaci&oacute;n 1095 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Loreto.


$


 Centropogon tessmannii var. tenuiflorus E. Wimm.


Centropogon tessmannii var. tenuiflorus E. Wimm. = Centropogon tessmannii E. Wimm.

Reference: FP 1381: 426; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 118. 


$


 Centropogon umbrosus E. Wimm.



Centropogon umbrosus E. Wimm.

Synonyms: Centropogon umbrosus E. Wimm., Centropogon umbrosus E. Wimm., Centropogon umbrosus E. Wimm.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 426; Stein, B. A., 1987: 177. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I-II: cloud forests, disturbed areas. 1000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 5616* (photo B), Foster & Wachter 7467 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Pasco, Puno, Ucayali.


$


 Centropogon urubambae E. Wimm.



Centropogon urubambae E. Wimm.

Synonyms: Centropogon urubambae (E. Wimmer) E. Wimm., Centropogon urubambae E. Wimm.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 426; Stein, B. A., 1987: 400; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 193. 
Ecology: Endemic herb, vine. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Cook & Gilbert 942* (US), Stein & Todzia 2387 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Centropogon urubambae var. estrellanus E. Wimm.


Centropogon urubambae var. estrellanus E. Wimm. = Centropogon urubambae E. Wimm.

Reference: FP 1381: 427; Stein, B. A., 1987: 400. 


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 Centropogon varicus McVaugh



Centropogon varicus McVaugh

Reference: McVaugh, R., 1965: 401. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, forests. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Wurdack 916* (MICH), Stein & Todzia 2217 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Centropogon verbascifolius (C. Presl) Gleason



Centropogon verbascifolius (C. Presl) Gleason

Synonyms: Centropogon verbascifolius A. DC., Centropogon verbascifolius C. Presl, Centropogon verbascifolius E. Wimm., Centropogon verbascifolius Gleason
Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 427; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 241. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Andean I-III: forests, riversides, rocky slopes. 500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Presl s.n.* , Stein et al. 3843 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Centropogon vernicosus A. Zahlbruckner



Centropogon vernicosus A. Zahlbruckner

Synonyms: Centropogon vernicosus E. Wimm., Centropogon vernicosus E. Wimm., Centropogon vernicosus E. Wimm.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 427; Stein, B. A., 1987: 456. 
Voucher: Jelski 78* , Woytkowski 6987 (MO)
Departments: Cajamarca, La Libertad, Piura.


$


 Centropogon viriduliflorus E. Wimm.



Centropogon viriduliflorus E. Wimm.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 428; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 256. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7795* , Vargas 3771 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Centropogon weberbaueri A. Zahlbruckner



Centropogon weberbaueri A. Zahlbruckner

Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 428; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 245. 
Ecology. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 3247* (MOL!), Vargas 1925 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Centropogon weddellii E. Wimm.



Centropogon weddellii E. Wimm.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 428; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 214. 
Ecology: Native shrub. . 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   ; "perhaps a species of Burmeistera according to the Flora of Peru. 
Voucher: Weddell 4646* 
Departments: Puno.


$


 Centropogon yungasensis Britton



Centropogon yungasensis Britton

Synonyms: Centropogon yungasensis A. Zahlbruckner, Centropogon yungasensis E. Wimm.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 429; Stein, B. A., 1987: 390. 
Ecology: Native shrub, vine. Andean II: cloud forests, disturbed areas. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Young 1519 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Centropogon yungasensis var. angustior A. Zahlbruckner


Centropogon yungasensis var. angustior A. Zahlbruckner = Centropogon yungasensis Britton

Reference: FP 1381: 429; Stein, B. A., 1987: 390. 


$


 Centrosema brasilianum (L.) Benth.



Centrosema brasilianum (L.) Benth.

$


 Centrosema brasilianum (L.) Benth. var.brasilianum



Centrosema brasilianum (L.) Benth. var. brasilianum 

Synonyms: Centrosema brasilianum brasilianum (L.) Hoffmannsegg, Centrosema brasilianum brasilianum (L.) Kuntze, Centrosema brasilianum brasilianum L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 340; Barbosa-Fevereiro, V. P., 1977: 176; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 269. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: McDaniel 14009 (USM!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Centrosema capitatum (Rich.) Amshoff



Centrosema capitatum (Rich.) Amshoff

Synonyms: Centrosema capitatum Rich.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 341; Barbosa-Fevereiro, V. P., 1977: 201. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Centrosema hastatum Benth.


Centrosema hastatum Benth. = Centrosema sagittatum (Kunth) Brandegee ex Riley

Reference: FP 21: 343; Barbosa-Fevereiro, V. P., 1977: 198; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 270. 


$


 Centrosema latidens Killip & J.F. Macbr.



Centrosema latidens Killip & J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 341. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Killip & Smith 27108* (US)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Centrosema latissimum Ducke


Centrosema latissimum Ducke = Centrosema triquetrum (Hoffmanns. ex Benth.) Benth.

Reference: FP 21: 343; Barbosa-Fevereiro, V. P., 1977: 170. 


$


 Centrosema macrocarpum Benth.



Centrosema macrocarpum Benth.

Synonyms: Centrosema macrocarpum (Benth.) Kuntze
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 341; Barbosa-Fevereiro, V. P., 1977: 187. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Centrosema plumieri (Turpin ex Pers.) Benth.



Centrosema plumieri (Turpin ex Pers.) Benth.

Synonyms: Centrosema plumieri (Turpin ex Pers.) Kuntze, Centrosema plumieri Turpin ex Pers.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 342; Barbosa-Fevereiro, V. P., 1977: 171; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 270. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 14532 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Centrosema prehensile Ducke


Centrosema prehensile Ducke = Centrosema tapirapoanense Hoehne

Reference: FP 21: 342; Barbosa-Fevereiro, V. P., 1977: 202. 


$


 Centrosema pubescens Benth.



Centrosema pubescens Benth.

Synonyms: Centrosema pubescens (Benth.) Kuntze
Reference: Barbosa-Fevereiro, V. P., 1977: 184. 
Ecology: Native herb, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & D&iacute;az 58378 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Lima, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Centrosema roseum Huber


Centrosema roseum Huber = Centrosema triquetrum (Hoffmanns. ex Benth.) Benth.

Reference: FP 21: 343; Barbosa-Fevereiro, V. P., 1977: 170. 


$


 Centrosema sagittatum (Kunth) Brandegee ex Riley



Centrosema sagittatum (Kunth) Brandegee ex Riley

Synonyms: Centrosema sagittatum Benth., Centrosema sagittatum Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 343; Barbosa-Fevereiro, V. P., 1977: 197. 
Ecology: Native liana. Coastal: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra et al. 10859 (USM!)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Centrosema tapirapoanense Hoehne



Centrosema tapirapoanense Hoehne

Synonyms: Centrosema tapirapoanense Ducke
Reference: Barbosa-Fevereiro, V. P., 1977: 174. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Barbour 5457 (MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Centrosema triquetrum (Hoffmanns. ex Benth.) Benth.



Centrosema triquetrum (Hoffmanns. ex Benth.) Benth.

Synonyms: Centrosema triquetrum (Hoffmanns. ex Benth.) Kuntze, Centrosema triquetrum Ducke, Centrosema triquetrum Hoffmanns. ex Benth., Centrosema triquetrum Huber
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 343; Barbosa-Fevereiro, V. P., 1977: 170. 
Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian: forests, riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Davidson 3502 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Centrosema vexillatum Benth.



Centrosema vexillatum Benth.

Synonyms: Centrosema vexillatum (Benth.) Kuntze
Reference: Barbosa-Fevereiro, V. P., 1977: 175. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 21703 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Centrosema virginianum (L.) Benth.



Centrosema virginianum (L.) Benth.

Synonyms: Centrosema virginianum (L.) Britton, Centrosema virginianum (L.) Kuntze, Centrosema virginianum L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 344; Barbosa-Fevereiro, V. P., 1977: 189. 
Ecology: Native herb, vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas. 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 1725 (MO)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, La Libertad.


$


 Centrosolenia bullata Lemaire


Centrosolenia bullata Lemaire = Nautilocalyx bullatus (Lemaire) Sprague

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1978: 30. 


$


 Centunculus minimus L.



Centunculus minimus L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1333: 151. 
Ecology: Introduced herb. Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   The voucher cited in the Flora of Peru has not been seen. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 5715 
Departments: Lima.


$


 Cephaelis acreana Krause


Cephaelis acreana Krause = Psychotria umbriana (Standl.) Steyerm.

Reference: FP 1365: 149. 


$


 Cephaelis affinis Standl.


Cephaelis affinis Standl. = Psychotria borucana (A.R. Molina) Taylor & Burger

Reference: FP 1365: 149. 


$


 Cephaelis barcellana (M&uuml;ll. Arg.) Standl.


Cephaelis barcellana (M&uuml;ll. Arg.) Standl. = Psychotria poeppigiana subsp. barcellana (M&uuml;ll. Arg.) Steyerm.

Reference: FP 1365: 150; Steyermark, J. A., 1972: 680. 


$


 Cephaelis bella Standl.


Cephaelis bella Standl. = Psychotria vasquezii C.M. Taylor

Reference: FP 1365: 150. 


$


 Cephaelis blepharophylla Standl.


Cephaelis blepharophylla Standl. = Psychotria blepharophylla (Standl.) Steyerm.

Reference: FP 1365: 151; Steyermark, J. A., 1972: 649. 


$


 Cephaelis borucana A.R. Molina


Cephaelis borucana A.R. Molina = Psychotria borucana (A.R. Molina) Taylor & Burger

Reference: Molina, A. R., 1953: 31. 


$


 Cephaelis bracteocardia DC.


Cephaelis bracteocardia DC. = Psychotria bracteocardia (DC.) M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 1616. 


$


 Cephaelis conephoroides Rusby


Cephaelis conephoroides Rusby = Coffea umbellata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1365: 156; Standley, P. C., 1931: 301. 


$


 Cephaelis cuspidulata Krause


Cephaelis cuspidulata Krause = Psychotria cuspidulata (Krause) Standl.

Reference: FP 1365: 189. 


$


 Cephaelis dolichophylla Standl.


Cephaelis dolichophylla Standl. = Psychotria dolichophylla (Standl.) C. M. Taylor

Reference: FP 1365: 151. 


$


 Cephaelis emetica (L. f.) Pers.


Cephaelis emetica (L. f.) Pers. = Psychotria emetica L. f.

Reference: FP 1365: 191. 


$


 Cephaelis flaviflora (Krause) Standl.


Cephaelis flaviflora (Krause) Standl. = Psychotria flaviflora (Krause) C.M. Taylor

Reference: FP 1365: 151. 


$


 Cephaelis hoffmannseggiana Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.


Cephaelis hoffmannseggiana Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. = Psychotria hoffmannseggiana (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 1495. 


$


 Cephaelis iodotricha (M&uuml;ll. Arg.) Standl.


Cephaelis iodotricha (M&uuml;ll. Arg.) Standl. = Psychotria iodotricha M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: FP 1365: 152; Standley, P. C., 1931: 427. 


$


 Cephaelis killipii Standl.


Cephaelis killipii Standl. = Psychotria schunkei C.M. Taylor

Reference: FP 1365: 152. 


$


 Cephaelis leucantha (Krause) Standl.


Cephaelis leucantha (Krause) Standl. = Psychotria ferreyrae C.M. Taylor

Reference: FP 1365: 152. 


$


 Cephaelis oinochrophylla Standl.


Cephaelis oinochrophylla Standl. = Psychotria oinochrophylla (Standl.) C.M. Taylor

Reference: FP 1365: 153. 


$


 Cephaelis oleandrella Standl.


Cephaelis oleandrella Standl. = Psychotria oleandrella (Standl.) C.M. Taylor

Reference: FP 1365: 153. 


$


 Cephaelis pebasensis Standl.


Cephaelis pebasensis Standl. = Psychotria pebasensis (Standl.) C.M. Taylor

Reference: FP 1365: 154. 


$


 Cephaelis peruviana Sprengel


Cephaelis peruviana Sprengel = Psychotria capitata subsp. capitata 

Reference: FP 1365: 186. 


$


 Cephaelis phaneroneura Standl.


Cephaelis phaneroneura Standl. = Psychotria peruviana Steyerm.

Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1972: 667. 


$


 Cephaelis plagiantha Standl.


Cephaelis plagiantha Standl. = Psychotria plagiantha (Standl.) C.M. Taylor

Reference: FP 1365: 191. 


$


 Cephaelis polycephala Schltdl.


Cephaelis polycephala Schltdl. = Psychotria caerulea Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1365: 184; Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 1449. 


$


 Cephaelis pubescens Hoffmanns. ex Roem. & Schult.


Cephaelis pubescens Hoffmanns. ex Roem. & Schult. = Psychotria bracteocardia (DC.) M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: FP 1365: 154; Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 1616. 


$


 Cephaelis rosea Benth.


Cephaelis rosea Benth. = Psychotria rosea (Benth.) M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: FP 1365: 154; Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 1612. 


$


 Cephaelis schraderoides (Krause) Standl.


Cephaelis schraderoides (Krause) Standl. = Psychotria schraderoides (Krause) C.M. Taylor

Reference: FP 1365: 155. 


$


 Cephaelis schunkeana Standl.


Cephaelis schunkeana Standl. = Psychotria schunkeana (Standl.) C.M. Taylor

Reference: FP 1365: 155. 


$


 Cephaelis subtomentosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Spreng.


Cephaelis subtomentosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Spreng. = Psychotria subtomentosa Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1365: 210. 


$


 Cephaelis tomentosa (Aubl.) Vahl


Cephaelis tomentosa (Aubl.) Vahl = Psychotria poeppigiana subsp. poeppigiana 

Reference: FP 1365: 155; Steyermark, J. A., 1972: 678. 


$


 Cephaelis trichocephala (Poepp. & Endl.) Standl.


Cephaelis trichocephala (Poepp. & Endl.) Standl. = Psychotria trichocephala Poepp. & Endl.

Reference: FP 1365: 156. 


$


 Cephaelis umbellata (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl.


Cephaelis umbellata (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl. = Coffea umbellata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1365: 156; Standley, P. C., 1931: 301. 


$


 Cephaelis umbriana Standl.


Cephaelis umbriana Standl. = Psychotria umbriana (Standl.) Steyerm.

Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1972: 637. 


$


 Cephaelis williamsii Standl.


Cephaelis williamsii Standl. = Psychotria zevallosii C.M. Taylor

Reference: FP 1365: 157. 


$


 Cephalacanthus maculatus Lindau



Cephalacanthus maculatus Lindau

Reference: Lindau, G., 1905: 158. 
Ecology. 1000-1500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 4647* (MOL!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cephalanthus breviflorus Spruce ex Schumann


Cephalanthus breviflorus Spruce ex Schumann = Ixora peruviana (Spruce ex K. Schum.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1365: 128. 


$


 Cephalanthus peruvianus Spruce ex K. Schum.


Cephalanthus peruvianus Spruce ex K. Schum. = Ixora peruviana (Spruce ex K. Schum.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1365: 128. 


$


 Cephalocereus blossfeldiorum Werdermann


Cephalocereus blossfeldiorum Werdermann = Espostoa blossfeldiorum (Werdermann) Buxb.

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1485. 


$


 Cephalocereus dautwitzii (F. Haage) Houghton


Cephalocereus dautwitzii (F. Haage) Houghton = Espostoa lanata (Kunth) Britton & Rose

$


 Cephalocereus melanostele Vaupel


Cephalocereus melanostele Vaupel = Espostoa melanostele (Vaupel) Borg

Reference: Vaupel, F., 1913: 12; Backeberg, C., 1931: 72. 


$


 Cephalocereus tweedyanus Britton & Rose


Cephalocereus tweedyanus Britton & Rose = Pilosocereus tweedyanus (Britton & Rose) Byles & G.D. Rowley

Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1920: 54; Byles, R. S. & G. D. Rowley, 1957: 69; Hunt, D., 1992: 40. 


$


 Cephalophora robusta Rusby


Cephalophora robusta Rusby = Hymenoxys robusta (Rusby) K.L. Parker

Reference: Parker, K., 1962: 207. 


$


 Cephaloxys graminifolia (E. Mey. ) Nees & Meyen


Cephaloxys graminifolia (E. Mey. ) Nees & Meyen = Juncus cyperoides Laharpe

$


 Cerastium arvense fo. oblongifolium (Torrey) Pennell


Cerastium arvense fo. oblongifolium (Torrey) Pennell = Cerastium arvense L.

Reference: FP 1267: 583. 


$


 Cerastium arvense L.



Cerastium arvense L.

Synonyms: Cerastium arvense (Naudin) Reiche, Cerastium arvense (Torrey) Pennell, Cerastium arvense (Wedd.) Rohrbach, Cerastium arvense Wedd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 583. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: cloud forests, grasslands. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Solomon 2881 (MO!)
Departments: Lima, Puno.


$


 Cerastium arvense var. arvensiforme (Wedd.) Rohrbach


Cerastium arvense var. arvensiforme (Wedd.) Rohrbach = Cerastium arvense L.

Reference: FP 1267: 584. 


$


 Cerastium arvense var. nervosum (Naudin) Reiche


Cerastium arvense var. nervosum (Naudin) Reiche = Cerastium arvense L.

Reference: FP 1267: 584. 


$


 Cerastium arvensiforme Wedd.


Cerastium arvensiforme Wedd. = Cerastium arvense L.

Reference: FP 1267: 584. 


$


 Cerastium behmianum Muschl.



Cerastium behmianum Muschl.

Synonyms: Cerastium behmianum Rohrbach
Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 584. 
Ecology. 4000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 338* (W photo F!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Cerastium caespitosum Gilibert


Cerastium caespitosum Gilibert = Cerastium triviale Link

Reference: FP 1267: 590; Gereau, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cerastium caespitosum Triana & Planch.


Cerastium caespitosum Triana & Planch. = Cerastium trianae Briq.

Reference: FP 1267: 589. 
Note: nom. illeg.  


$


 Cerastium candicans Wedd.



Cerastium candicans Wedd.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 584. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: bogs, grasslands. 4000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Smith et al. 9743 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Jun&iacute;n, Puno.


$


 Cerastium consanguineum Wedd.


Cerastium consanguineum Wedd. = Cerastium glomeratum Thuill.

Reference: FP 1267: 590; Duke, J. A., 1961: 95; Gereau, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cerastium crassipes Bartl.



Cerastium crassipes Bartl.

Synonyms: Cerastium crassipes Wedd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 584. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands. 4000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Haeuke s.n.* , Sullivan & Sullivan 798 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Cerastium danguyi J.F. Macbr.



Cerastium danguyi J.F. Macbr.

Synonyms: Cerastium danguyi Danguy & Chermezon
Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 585. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands, shrublands. 3000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Leon & Young 1103 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad.


$


 Cerastium floccosum Benth.



Cerastium floccosum Benth.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 585. 
Ecology: Native herb. .. 4000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 22059 (US)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Cerastium glomeratum Thuill.



Cerastium glomeratum Thuill.

Synonyms: Cerastium glomeratum, Cerastium glomeratum (Wedd.) Rohrbach, Cerastium glomeratum Wedd.
Reference: Cano, A. & N. Valencia, 1991: 59; Gereau, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-III, Coastal: disturbed areas, grasslands. 0-4000 m. 
Voucher: D&iacute;az & Osores 2558 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Puno.


$


 Cerastium humifusum Cambessedes



Cerastium humifusum Cambessedes

Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 586. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 169 
Departments: Lima.


$


 Cerastium imbricatum Kunth



Cerastium imbricatum Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 586. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands, shrublands. 4000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Smith et al. 8969 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca.


$


 Cerastium imbricatum var. mandonianum Rohrbach


Cerastium imbricatum var. mandonianum Rohrbach = Cerastium behmianum Muschl.

Reference: FP 1267: 584. 


$


 Cerastium longipedunculatum Muhl


Cerastium longipedunculatum Muhl = Cerastium nutans Raf.

Reference: FP 1267: 587. 


$


 Cerastium mollissimum Poir.



Cerastium mollissimum Poir.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 586. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands, rocky slopes, shrublands. 3500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Jussieu s.n.* (P), Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 12275 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Cerastium mucronatum Wedd.



Cerastium mucronatum Wedd.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 587. 
Ecology. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Weddell 4416* (P photo F!)
Departments: Cuzco, Lima, Puno.


$


 Cerastium nanum Muschl.



Cerastium nanum Muschl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 587. 
Ecology. 4000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 2781* (MA photo F!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Moquegua.


$


 Cerastium nutans Raf.



Cerastium nutans Raf.

Synonyms: Cerastium nutans Muhl
Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 587. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands, rocky slopes, submerged. 3000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Smith et al. 12209 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, La Libertad.


$


 Cerastium orophilum Wedd.


Cerastium orophilum Wedd. = Cerastium crassipes Bartl.

Reference: FP 1267: 584. 


$


 Cerastium peruvianum Muschl.



Cerastium peruvianum Muschl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 588. 
Ecology. 4000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Syntypes Weberbauer 2598* & 2798* (B)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Cerastium soratense Rohrbach



Cerastium soratense Rohrbach

Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 588. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: rocky slopes, shrublands.  > 4500 m. 
Note: Cited voucher questionably determined. 
Voucher: Meyen s.n. 
Departments: Ancash, Puno.


$


 Cerastium subspicatum Wedd.



Cerastium subspicatum Wedd.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 588. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands, riversides, submerged. 2500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Weddell 4653* (P photo F!), Smith et al. 11587 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Pasco, Puno.


$


 Cerastium trianae Briq.



Cerastium trianae Briq.

Synonyms: Cerastium trianae Triana & Planch.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 589. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands, shrublands. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Smith & V&aacute;squez 3294 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, La Libertad.


$


 Cerastium trianae Danguy & Chermezon


Cerastium trianae Danguy & Chermezon = Cerastium danguyi J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 1267: 585. 


$


 Cerastium trichocalyx Muschl.



Cerastium trichocalyx Muschl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 589. 
Ecology. 3000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 2983* , Weberbauer 605 
Departments: Ancash, Lima.


$


 Cerastium triviale Link



Cerastium triviale Link

Synonyms: Cerastium triviale, Cerastium triviale A. Gray, Cerastium triviale A. Gray, Cerastium triviale Gilibert
Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 590; Gereau, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: West 8154 (MO)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Puno.


$


 Cerastium tucumanense Pax



Cerastium tucumanense Pax

Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 589. 
Ecology. 3500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7374 
Departments: Puno, Tacna.


$


 Cerastium viscosum L.



Cerastium viscosum L.

$


 Cerastium viscosum var. consanguineum (Wedd.) Rohrbach


Cerastium viscosum var. consanguineum (Wedd.) Rohrbach = Cerastium glomeratum Thuill.

Reference: FP 1267: 590; Duke, J. A., 1961: 95; Gereau, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cerastium viscosum var. viscosum


Cerastium viscosum var. viscosum = Cerastium glomeratum Thuill.

Reference: FP 1267: 590; Duke, J. A., 1961: 95; Gereau, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cerastium vulgatum L.



Cerastium vulgatum L.

$


 Cerastium vulgatum var. andinum A. Gray


Cerastium vulgatum var. andinum A. Gray = Cerastium triviale Link

Reference: FP 1267: 591; Gereau, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cerastium vulgatum var. peruvianum A. Gray


Cerastium vulgatum var. peruvianum A. Gray = Cerastium triviale Link

Reference: FP 1267: 591; Gereau, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cerastium vulgatum var. vulgatum


Cerastium vulgatum var. vulgatum = Cerastium triviale Link

Reference: FP 1267: 590; Gereau, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cerastium willdenowii Kunth


Cerastium willdenowii Kunth = Cerastium mollissimum Poir. var. mollissimum 

Reference: FP 1267: 586. 


$


 Cerasus integrifolia C. Presl


Cerasus integrifolia C. Presl = Prunus integrifolia (C. Presl) Walp.

Reference: FP 635: 1086. 


$


 Ceratocephalus leiocarpus (DC.) Kuntze


Ceratocephalus leiocarpus (DC.) Kuntze = Spilanthes leiocarpa DC.

Reference: Jansen, R. K., 1981: 251. 
Note: nom. illeg.  


$


 Ceratochloa haenkeana J. Presl


Ceratochloa haenkeana J. Presl = Bromus catharticus var. catharticus 

Reference: Pinto-Escobar, P., 1986: 23. 


$


 Ceratochloa secunda J. Presl


Ceratochloa secunda J. Presl = Bromus catharticus var. catharticus 

Reference: Pinto-Escobar, P., 1986: 23. 


$


 Ceratochloa simplex Nees ex Steud.


Ceratochloa simplex Nees ex Steud. = Bromus catharticus var. catharticus 

Reference: FP 719: 116; Pinto-Escobar, P., 1986: 23. 


$


 Ceratonia chilensis Molina


Ceratonia chilensis Molina = Prosopis chilensis (Molina) Stuntz var. chilensis 

Reference: FP 21: 109; Carrillo, F. E., 1974: 53; Burkart, A., 1976: 495. 


$


 Ceratonia siliqua L.



Ceratonia siliqua L.

Reference: Duke, J. A., 1981: 50. 
Ecology: Cultivated tree. Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Encarnaci&oacute;n E-179 (USM)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Ceratophyllum australe Griseb.


Ceratophyllum australe Griseb. = Ceratophyllum muricatum subsp. australe (Griseb.) Les

Reference: Les, D. H., 1988: 85. 


$


 Ceratophyllum demersum L.



Ceratophyllum demersum L.

Reference: Les, D. H., 1986: 231. 
Ecology: Native aquatic herb. Amazonian: submerged. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: McDaniel 24173 IBE!
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Ceratophyllum muricatum subsp.australe (Griseb.) Les



Ceratophyllum muricatum subsp. australe (Griseb.) Les

Synonyms: Ceratophyllum muricatum australe Griseb.
Reference: Les, D. H., 1988: 85. 
Ecology: Native aquatic herb. Amazonian: submerged. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Encarnaci&oacute;n 26272 (US)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Ceratophytum tetragonolobum (Jacq.) Sprague & Sandwith



Ceratophytum tetragonolobum (Jacq.) Sprague & Sandwith

Synonyms: Ceratophytum tetragonolobum Jacq.
Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1982: 129. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 7956 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Ceratopteris pteridoides (Hook.) Hieron.



Ceratopteris pteridoides (Hook.) Hieron.

Synonyms: Ceratopteris pteridoides Hook.
Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 87. 
Ecology: Native aquatic herb. Region uncertain: submerged. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Asplund 14626 (US)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Ceratostema andreanum Drake


Ceratostema andreanum Drake = Semiramisia speciosa (Benth.) Klotzsch

Reference: FP 1325: 86; Luteyn, J. L., 1984: 365. 


$


 Ceratostema biflorum Poepp. & Endl.


Ceratostema biflorum Poepp. & Endl. = Thibaudia biflora (Poepp. & Endl.) Hoerold

Reference: FP 1325: 103. 


$


 Ceratostema buxifolium Field & Gardner


Ceratostema buxifolium Field & Gardner = Demosthenesia buxifolia (Field & Gardner) A.C. Sm.

Reference: FP 1325: 88. 


$


 Ceratostema callistum A.C. Sm.



Ceratostema callistum A.C. Sm.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1325: 79. 
Ecology. 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: Rauh & Hirsch 2186* (HEID), Hutchison & Bismark 6345 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lambayeque.


$


 Ceratostema coccineum Hoerold


Ceratostema coccineum Hoerold = Pellegrinia coccinea (Hoerold) Sleumer

Reference: FP 1325: 81. 


$


 Ceratostema cordifolium Dunal


Ceratostema cordifolium Dunal = Pellegrinia hirsuta (Ruiz & Pavon) Sleumer

Reference: FP 1325: 83. 


$


 Ceratostema ellipticum (Ruiz & Pavon) Benth. & Hook. f.


Ceratostema ellipticum (Ruiz & Pavon) Benth. & Hook. f. = Siphonandra elliptica (Ruiz & Pavon) Klotzsch

Reference: FP 1325: 83. 


$


 Ceratostema ferreyrae Luteyn



Ceratostema ferreyrae Luteyn

Reference: Luteyn, J. L., 1986: 487. 
Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. . 


$


 Ceratostema flexuosum (A.C. Smith) J.F. Macbr.


Ceratostema flexuosum (A.C. Smith) J.F. Macbr. = Periclesia flexuosa A.C. Sm.

Reference: FP 1325: 85. 
Note: NN  


$


 Ceratostema graebnerianum Hoerold


Ceratostema graebnerianum Hoerold = Demosthenesia mandonii (Britton) A.C. Sm.

Reference: FP 1325: 89. 


$


 Ceratostema grandiflorum Ruiz & Pav.


Ceratostema grandiflorum Ruiz & Pav. = Pellegrinia grandiflora (Ruiz & Pavon) Sleumer

Reference: FP 1325: 82. 


$


 Ceratostema harmsianum Hoerold


Ceratostema harmsianum Hoerold = Pellegrinia harmsiana (Hoerold) Sleumer

Reference: FP 1325: 82. 


$


 Ceratostema hirsuta Ruiz & Pav.


Ceratostema hirsuta Ruiz & Pav. = Pellegrinia hirsuta (Ruiz & Pavon) Sleumer

Reference: FP 1325: 83. 


$


 Ceratostema lobbii A.C. Sm.


Ceratostema lobbii A.C. Sm. = Pellegrinia hirsuta (Ruiz & Pavon) Sleumer

Reference: FP 1325: 83. 


$


 Ceratostema longiflorum Lindl.


Ceratostema longiflorum Lindl. = Pellegrinia grandiflora (Ruiz & Pavon) Sleumer

Reference: FP 1325: 82. 


$


 Ceratostema mandonii Britton


Ceratostema mandonii Britton = Demosthenesia mandonii (Britton) A.C. Sm.

Reference: FP 1325: 88. 


$


 Ceratostema microphyllum Hoerold


Ceratostema microphyllum Hoerold = Demosthenesia mandonii (Britton) A.C. Sm.

Reference: FP 1325: 89. 


$


 Ceratostema oblongifolium Dunal


Ceratostema oblongifolium Dunal = Pellegrinia hirsuta (Ruiz & Pavon) Sleumer

Reference: FP 1325: 83. 


$


 Ceratostema pearcei (Britton) A.C. Sm.


Ceratostema pearcei (Britton) A.C. Sm. = Demosthenesia pearcei (Britton) A.C. Sm.

Reference: FP 1325: 89. 


$


 Ceratostema peruvianum J.F. Gmel.



Ceratostema peruvianum J.F. Gmel.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1325: 80. 
Ecology: Native shrub. . 
Voucher: Jussieu s.n.* 


$


 Ceratostema pilgerianum Hoerold


Ceratostema pilgerianum Hoerold = Demosthenesia mandonii (Britton) A.C. Sm.

Reference: FP 1325: 89. 


$


 Ceratostema pilosum (A.C. Smith) J.F. Macbr.


Ceratostema pilosum (A.C. Smith) J.F. Macbr. = Siphonandra pilosa A.C. Sm.

Reference: FP 1325: 84. 


$


 Ceratostema rauhii Luteyn



Ceratostema rauhii Luteyn

Reference: Luteyn, J. L., 1992: 314. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Rauh 68468* (HEID)
Departments: Lambayeque.


$


 Ceratostema sanguineum Hoerold


Ceratostema sanguineum Hoerold = Demosthenesia mandonii (Britton) A.C. Sm.

Reference: FP 1325: 89. 


$


 Ceratostema spectabile Rusby


Ceratostema spectabile Rusby = Demosthenesia spectabilis (Rusby) A.C. Sm.

Reference: FP 1325: 90. 


$


 Ceratostema urbanianum Hoerold


Ceratostema urbanianum Hoerold = Pellegrinia grandiflora (Ruiz & Pavon) Sleumer

Reference: FP 1325: 82. 


$


 Ceratostema weberbauerii Hoerold


Ceratostema weberbauerii Hoerold = Siphonandra elliptica (Ruiz & Pavon) Klotzsch

Reference: FP 1325: 83. 


$


 Cerbera peruviana Pers.


Cerbera peruviana Pers. = Thevetia peruviana (Pers.) K. Schum. in Engl. & Prantl

Reference: Nowicke, J. W., 1970: 91. 


$


 Cerbera thevetia L.


Cerbera thevetia L. = Thevetia peruviana (Pers.) K. Schum. in Engl. & Prantl

Reference: FP 1343: 390. 


$


 Cercidium praecox (Ruiz & Pav.) Harms subsp.praecox



Cercidium praecox (Ruiz & Pav.) Harms subsp. praecox 

Synonyms: Cercidium praecox praecox Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 187; Burkart, A. & A. Carter, 1976: 308. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Coastal: desert, disturbed areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Fern&aacute;ndez et al. s.n. (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Ica, Lambayeque, La Libertad, Piura, Tumbes.


$


 Cercidium praecox (Ruiz & Pav.) Harms



Cercidium praecox (Ruiz & Pav.) Harms

$


 Cercidium praecox subsp.glaucum (Cav.) Burkart & Carter



Cercidium praecox subsp. glaucum (Cav.) Burkart & Carter

Synonyms: Cercidium praecox glaucum Cav.
Reference: Burkart, A. & A. Carter, 1976: 309. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Cercouratea orbignyana Tiegh.


Cercouratea orbignyana Tiegh. = Ouratea orbignyana (Tiegh.) Liesner

Reference: Van Tieghem, Ph., 1902: 277. 


$


 Cerdana alliodora Ruiz & Pav.


Cerdana alliodora Ruiz & Pav. = Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav.) Oken

Reference: FP 1285: 574; Miller, J. S., 1988: 465. 


$


 Ceresia elegans Pers.


Ceresia elegans Pers. = Paspalum ceresia (Kuntze) Chase

Reference: FP 719: 210. 


$


 Ceresia membranacea P. Beauv.


Ceresia membranacea P. Beauv. = Paspalum ceresia (Kuntze) Chase

Reference: FP 719: 210. 


$


 Cereus acanthurus Vaupel


Cereus acanthurus Vaupel = Cleistocactus acanthurus (Vaupel) D.R. Hunt

Reference: Vaupel, F., 1913: 13; Rauh, W., 1958: 296; Ritter, F., 1981: 1455. 


$


 Cereus acranthus Vaupel


Cereus acranthus Vaupel = Haageocereus limensis (Salm-Dyck) F. Ritter

Reference: Vaupel, F., 1913: 14; Rauh, W., 1958: 374; Ritter, F., 1981: 1396. 
Note: Treated under var. limemsis by Ritter (1981).  


$


 Cereus amazonicus K. Schum.



Cereus amazonicus K. Schum.

Synonyms: Cereus amazonicus (K. Schum.) Britton & Rose
Reference: Vaupel, F., 1913: 283; Castellanos, A., 1967: 77; Hunt, D., 1992: 40. 
Ecology: Endemic Climbing or sprawling cactus. Andean I: shrublands. 500-1000 m. 
Note: Not treated by Ritter (1981).  
Voucher: Ule 53* (B)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cereus apiciflorus Vaupel


Cereus apiciflorus Vaupel = Corryocactus apiciflorus (Vaupel) Hutchison

Reference: Vaupel, F., 1913: 15; Rauh, W., 1958: 251; Buxbaum, F., 1963: 9. 


$


 Cereus arequipensis Meyen


Cereus arequipensis Meyen = Neoraimondia arequipensis (Meyen) Backeb.

Reference: Rauh, W., 1958: 256; Ritter, F., 1981: 1267. 


$


 Cereus aureus Meyen


Cereus aureus Meyen = Corryocactus aureus (Meyen) Hutchison

Reference: Buxbaum, F., 1963: 9; Ritter, F., 1981: 1279. 
Note: nom. illeg.  


$


 Cereus aurivillus K. Schum.


Cereus aurivillus K. Schum. = Cleistocactus icosagonus (Kunth) A. Weber

Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1920: 226; Rauh, W., 1958: 324; Madsen, J. E., 1989: 16. 


$


 Cereus brachypetalus Vaupel


Cereus brachypetalus Vaupel = Corryocactus brachypetalus (Vaupel) Britton & Rose

Reference: Vaupel, F., 1913: 16; Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1920: 67; Rauh, W., 1958: 242. 


$


 Cereus brevistylus Schumann ex Vaupel


Cereus brevistylus Schumann ex Vaupel = Corryocactus brevistylus (Schumann ex Vaupel) Britton & Rose

Reference: Vaupel, F., 1913: 17; Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1920: 66; Ritter, F., 1981: 1279. 


$


 Cereus brittonianus Werdermann


Cereus brittonianus Werdermann = Cereus diffusus (Britton & Rose) Werdermann

Reference: Backeberg, C., 1931: 68. 
Note: Name based on Monvillea maritima Rritton & Rose.  


$


 Cereus candelaris Meyen


Cereus candelaris Meyen = Browningia candelaris (Meyen) Britton & Rose

Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1920: 63. 


$


 Cereus cartwrightianus (Britton & Rose) Werdermann


Cereus cartwrightianus (Britton & Rose) Werdermann = Armatocereus cartwrightianus (Britton & Rose) Backeb. ex A.W. Hill

Reference: Backeberg, C., 1931: 77; Madsen, J. E., 1989: 10. 


$


 Cereus celsianus (Lem. ex Salm-Dyck) A. Berger


Cereus celsianus (Lem. ex Salm-Dyck) A. Berger = Oreocereus celsianus (Lem. ex Salm-Dyck) Riccob.

Reference: Berger, A., 1905: 64; Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1920: 171. 


$


 Cereus cephalomacrostibas Werdermann & Backeberg


Cereus cephalomacrostibas Werdermann & Backeberg = Echinopsis cephalomacrostibas (Werdermann & Backeberg) Friedrich & G. Rowley

Reference: Backeberg, C., 1931: 101; Rowley, G. D., 1974: 94. 


$


 Cereus chachapoyensis Ochoa & Backeb.


Cereus chachapoyensis Ochoa & Backeb. = Corryocactus chachapoyensis Ochoa & Backeb.

Reference: Eggli, U. & N. Taylor, 1991: 39. 


$


 Cereus chlorocarpus (Kunth) DC.


Cereus chlorocarpus (Kunth) DC. = Browningia chlorocarpa (Kunth) W.T. Marshall

Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1920: 224; Marshall, W. T. & T. M. Bock, 1945: 114. 


$


 Cereus chosicensis Werdermann & Backeberg


Cereus chosicensis Werdermann & Backeberg = Haageocereus multangularis (Haw.) F. Ritter

Reference: Backeberg, C., 1931: 74; Backeberg, C. & F. M. Knuth, 1935: 207; Ritter, F., 1981: 1400. 
Note: Treated under H. multangularis var. multangularis by Ritter (1981).  


$


 Cereus cuzcoensis (Britton & Rose) Werdermann


Cereus cuzcoensis (Britton & Rose) Werdermann = Echinopsis cuzcoensis (Britton & Rose) Friedrich & G. Rowley

Reference: Backeberg, C., 1931: 101. 


$


 Cereus cylindricus (Lam.) Haw.


Cereus cylindricus (Lam.) Haw. = Opuntia cylindrica (Lam.) DC.

Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1919: 77; Madsen, J. E., 1989: 48. 


$



$


 Cereus dautwitzii Orcutt


Cereus dautwitzii Orcutt = Espostoa lanata (Kunth) Britton & Rose

Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1920: 61; Rauh, W., 1958: 521; Madsen, J. E., 1989: 37. 


$


 Cereus decumbens Vaupel


Cereus decumbens Vaupel = Haageocereus decumbens (Vaupel) Backeb.

Reference: Vaupel, F., 1913: 18; Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1920: 162. 


$


 Cereus deflexispinus Rauh & Backeb.


Cereus deflexispinus Rauh & Backeb. = Echinopsis knuthiana (Backeb.) Friedrich & G. Rowley

Reference: Backeberg, C., 1956: 14; Hunt, D., 1992: 36. 


$


 Cereus diffusus (Britton & Rose) Werdermann



Cereus diffusus (Britton & Rose) Werdermann

Synonyms: Cereus diffusus Britton & Rose, Cereus diffusus Britton & Rose, Cereus diffusus F. Ritter, Cereus diffusus Werdermann
Reference: Backeberg, C., 1931: 69; Hunt, D., 1992: 41. 
Ecology: Native Climbing or sprawling cactus. Andean I: shrublands. 500-1500 m. 
Note: No Peru voucher seen, although recorded for the country by Hunt (1992).  


$


 Cereus eriotrichus Werdermann & Backeberg


Cereus eriotrichus Werdermann & Backeberg = Cleistocactus acanthurus (Vaupel) D.R. Hunt

Reference: Backeberg, C., 1931: 80; Ritter, F., 1981: 1455. 


$


 Cereus ghiesbreghtii K. Schum.


Cereus ghiesbreghtii K. Schum. = Armatocereus ghiesbreghtii (K. Schum.) F. Ritter

Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1920: 60; Ritter, F., 1981: 1272. 


$


 Cereus haynei (Otto) Croucher


Cereus haynei (Otto) Croucher = Matucana haynei (Otto ex Salm-Dyck) Britton & Rose

Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1922: 102; Kimnach, M., 1960: 92. 


$


 Cereus humboldtii (Kunth) DC.


Cereus humboldtii (Kunth) DC. = Cleistocactus icosagonus (Kunth) A. Weber

Reference: Rauh, W., 1958: 324; Madsen, J. E., 1989: 16. 


$


 Cereus icosagonus (Kunth) DC.


Cereus icosagonus (Kunth) DC. = Cleistocactus icosagonus (Kunth) A. Weber

Reference: Weber, A., 1904: 34; Rauh, W., 1958: 324; Madsen, J. E., 1989: 16. 


$


 Cereus isogonus K. Schum.


Cereus isogonus K. Schum. = Cleistocactus icosagonus (Kunth) A. Weber

Reference: Madsen, J. E., 1989: 16. 


$


 Cereus jajoianus Backeb.


Cereus jajoianus Backeb. = Cleistocactus sepium (Kunth) A. Weber

$


 Cereus laetus (Kunth) DC.


Cereus laetus (Kunth) DC. = Armatocereus laetus (Kunth) Backeb. ex A.W. Hill

Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1920: 99; Ritter, F., 1981: 1275. 


$


 Cereus lanatus (Kunth) DC.


Cereus lanatus (Kunth) DC. = Espostoa lanata (Kunth) Britton & Rose

Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1920: 61; Ritter, F., 1981: 1437; Madsen, J. E., 1989: 37. 


$


 Cereus lanatus subsp. sericatus (Backeberg) Werdermann


Cereus lanatus subsp. sericatus (Backeberg) Werdermann = Espostoa lanata (Kunth) Britton & Rose

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1437; Madsen, J. E., 1989: 37. 


$


 Cereus lemairei Hooker


Cereus lemairei Hooker = ?  

Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1920: 189. 
Note: NN  


$


 Cereus limensis Salm-Dyck


Cereus limensis Salm-Dyck = Haageocereus limensis (Salm-Dyck) F. Ritter

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1396. 


$


 Cereus macrostibas (Schumann) A. Berger


Cereus macrostibas (Schumann) A. Berger = Neoraimondia arequipensis (Meyen) Backeb.

Reference: Backeberg, C. & F. M. Knuth, 1935: 175. 


$


 Cereus macrostibas var. roseiflorus Werdermann & Backeberg


Cereus macrostibas var. roseiflorus Werdermann & Backeberg = Neoraimondia arequipensis (Meyen) Backeb.

$


 Cereus megalanthus Schumann ex Vaupel


Cereus megalanthus Schumann ex Vaupel = Selenicereus megalanthus (Schumann ex Vaupel) Moran

Reference: Vaupel, F., 1913: 284; Moran, R., 1953: 325; Madsen, J. E., 1989: 71. 


$


 Cereus melanostele (Vaupel) Werdermann


Cereus melanostele (Vaupel) Werdermann = Espostoa melanostele (Vaupel) Borg

Reference: Backeberg, C., 1931: 72. 


$


 Cereus meyenii (Britton & Rose) Werdermann


Cereus meyenii (Britton & Rose) Werdermann = Corryocactus aureus (Meyen) Hutchison

Reference: Backeberg, C., 1931: 79. 


$


 Cereus micranthus Vaupel


Cereus micranthus Vaupel = Lepismium micranthum (Vaupel) Barthlott

Reference: Vaupel, F., 1913: 19; Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1923: 211; Barthlott, W., 1987: 99. 


$


 Cereus microspermus Werdermann & Backeberg


Cereus microspermus Werdermann & Backeberg = Browningia microsperma (Werdermann & Backeberg) W.T. Marshall

Reference: Rauh, W., 1958: 283; Ritter, F., 1981: 1322. 


$


 Cereus multangularis (Willd.) Haw.


Cereus multangularis (Willd.) Haw. = ?  

Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1923: 279; Ritter, F., 1981: 1400. 


$


 Cereus nanus (Kunth) DC.


Cereus nanus (Kunth) DC. = Opuntia pubescens Wendland ex Pfeiffer

Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1919: 217; Madsen, J. E., 1989: 53. 


$


 Cereus pacalaensis Backeb.


Cereus pacalaensis Backeb. = Haageocereus pacalaensis Backeb.

$


 Cereus pachanoi (Britton & Rose) Werdermann


Cereus pachanoi (Britton & Rose) Werdermann = Echinopsis pachanoi (Britton & Rose) Friedrich & G.D. Rowley

Reference: Madsen, J. E., 1989: 27. 


$


 Cereus peruvianus (L.) J.S. Mill.



Cereus peruvianus (L.) J.S. Mill.

Reference: Kiesling, R., 1982: 446. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Kiesling (1982) transferred this to Stenocereus; Hunt (1992: 132) indicated that this taxon should be treated as a synonym of Cereus repandus. 


$


 Cereus phyllanthus (L.) DC.


Cereus phyllanthus (L.) DC. = Epiphyllum phyllanthus (L.) Haw. var. phyllanthus 

Reference: Kimnach, M., 1964: 113; Madsen, J. E., 1989: 31. 


$


 Cereus plagiostoma Vaupel


Cereus plagiostoma Vaupel = Borzicactus plagiostoma (Vaupel) Britton & Rose

Reference: Vaupel, F., 1913: 20; Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1920: 163; Rauh, W., 1958: 324. 


$


 Cereus platinospinus Werdermann & Backeberg


Cereus platinospinus Werdermann & Backeberg = Haageocereus platinospinus (Werdermann & Backeberg) Backeb.

Reference: Backeberg, C., 1931: 74; Backeberg, C. & F. M. Knuth, 1935: 209; Ritter, F., 1981: 1418. 


$


 Cereus pseudomelanostele var. laredensis Backeb.


Cereus pseudomelanostele var. laredensis Backeb. = Haageocereus pacalaensis Backeb.

$


 Cereus pseudomelanostele Werdermann & Backeberg


Cereus pseudomelanostele Werdermann & Backeberg = Haageocereus multangularis (Haw.) F. Ritter

Reference: Backeberg, C., 1931: 74; Ritter, F., 1981: 1406. 
Note: Treated under var. pseudomelanostele by Ritter (1981).  


$


 Cereus ramulosus Salm-Dyck


Cereus ramulosus Salm-Dyck = Pseudorhipsalis ramulosa (Salm-Dyck) Barthlott

Reference: Kimnach, M., 1961: 14; Barthlott, W., 1991: 90. 


$


 Cereus repandus (L.) J.S. Mill.



Cereus repandus (L.) J.S. Mill.

Synonyms: Cereus repandus (L.) J.S. Mill., Cereus repandus (Miller) R. Kiesling
Reference: Hunt, D., 1992: 41. 
Note: Not known from Peru; see note under Cereus peruvianus.  


$


 Cereus roezlii F. Haage ex Schumann


Cereus roezlii F. Haage ex Schumann = Cleistocactus roezlii (F. Haage ex Schumann) Backeb.

$


 Cereus rosei Werdermann


Cereus rosei Werdermann = Echinopsis pachanoi (Britton & Rose) Friedrich & G.D. Rowley

Reference: Madsen, J. E., 1989: 28. 


$


 Cereus sepium (H.B.K.) DC.


Cereus sepium (H.B.K.) DC. = Cleistocactus sepium (Kunth) A. Weber

Reference: Weber, A., 1904: 36; Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1920: 160. 


$


 Cereus sericatus Backeb.


Cereus sericatus Backeb. = Espostoa lanata (Kunth) Britton & Rose

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1437; Madsen, J. E., 1989: 37. 


$


 Cereus serpens (Kunth) DC.


Cereus serpens (Kunth) DC. = Cleistocactus serpens (Kunth) A. Weber

Reference: Weber, A., 1904: 39; Ritter, F., 1981: 1387. 


$


 Cereus sextonianus Backeb.


Cereus sextonianus Backeb. = Cleistocactus sextonianus (Backeb.) D.R. Hunt

Reference: Hunt, D., 1991: 86. 


$


 Cereus squarrosus Vaupel


Cereus squarrosus Vaupel = Corryocactus squarrosus (Vaupel) Hutchison

Reference: Vaupel, F., 1913: 21; Buxbaum, F., 1963: 9; Ritter, F., 1981: 1280. 


$


 Cereus trigonodendron Schumann ex Vaupel



Cereus trigonodendron Schumann ex Vaupel

Reference: Vaupel, F., 1913: 286; Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1923: 267; Rauh, W., 1958: 509. 
Ecology: Native Erect, branched cactus. Andean I: shrublands. 500-1000 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  Not treated by Ritter (1981). 
Voucher: Ule s.n. [in 1901]* (B), Engelmann s.n. [in 1915] (US)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cereus tunicatus (Lehmann) Link & Otto


Cereus tunicatus (Lehmann) Link & Otto = Opuntia tunicata (Lehmann) Link & Otto

Reference: Madsen, J. E., 1989: 60. 


$


 Cereus vargasianus C&aacute;rdenas



Cereus vargasianus C&aacute;rdenas

Reference: Cardenas, M., 1951: 34; Rauh, W., 1958: 508; Hunt, D., 1992: 42. 
Ecology: Endemic Erect, branched cactus. Andean II: rocky slopes, shrublands. 500-1500 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  Not treated by Ritter (1981). 
Voucher: Vargas 7559* (US), Herrera s.n. (CUZ)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Cereus versicolor var. humifusus Werdermann & Backeberg


Cereus versicolor var. humifusus Werdermann & Backeberg = Haageocereus versicolor (Werdermann & Backeberg) Backeb.

Reference: Backeberg, C., 1931: 81; Ritter, F., 1981: 1423. 
Note: Treated under var. humifusus by Ritter (1981).  


$


 Cereus versicolor var. lasiacanthus Werdermann & Backeberg


Cereus versicolor var. lasiacanthus Werdermann & Backeberg = Haageocereus versicolor (Werdermann & Backeberg) Backeb.

Reference: Backeberg, C., 1931: 81; Ritter, F., 1981: 1422. 


$


 Cereus versicolor var. xanthacanthus Werdermann & Backeberg


Cereus versicolor var. xanthacanthus Werdermann & Backeberg = Haageocereus versicolor (Werdermann & Backeberg) Backeb.

Reference: Backeberg, C., 1931: 81; Ritter, F., 1981: 1422. 


$


 Cereus versicolor Werdermann & Backeberg


Cereus versicolor Werdermann & Backeberg = Haageocereus versicolor (Werdermann & Backeberg) Backeb.

Reference: Backeberg, C., 1931: 81; Rauh, W., 1958: 399; Ritter, F., 1981: 1422. 


$


 Cereus weberbaueri Schumann ex Vaupel


Cereus weberbaueri Schumann ex Vaupel = Weberbauerocereus weberbaueri (Schumann ex Vaupel) Backeb.

Reference: Vaupel, F., 1913: 22; Ritter, F., 1981: 1354. 


$


 Cereus wittii K. Schum.


Cereus wittii K. Schum. = Selenicereus wittii (K. Schum.) G.D. Rowley

Reference: Rowley, G. D., 1986: 36; Madsen, J. E., 1989: 72. 


$


 Ceroxylon crispum Burret



Ceroxylon crispum Burret

Reference: Flora Peru: 39695: 363. 
Ecology: Native tree. Andean II: forests. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6825* (F!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Ceroxylon deltoideum (Ruiz & Pav.) Kunth


Ceroxylon deltoideum (Ruiz & Pav.) Kunth = Iriartea deltoidea Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 39695: 356. 


$


 Ceroxylon latisectum Burret



Ceroxylon latisectum Burret

Reference: Flora Peru: 39695: 363. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean II: forests. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 7161* (photo US)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Ceroxylon verruculosum Burret



Ceroxylon verruculosum Burret

Reference: Flora Peru: 39695: 364. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean II: cloud forests. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 2284* , Anderson 6 (MOL)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Ceroxylon weberbaueri Burret



Ceroxylon weberbaueri Burret

Reference: Flora Peru: 39695: 364. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: forests. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 1157* 
Departments: Puno.


$


 Cervantesia bicolor Cav.



Cervantesia bicolor Cav.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1240: 416. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Probably not distinct from C. tomentosa.  
Voucher: N&eacute;e s.n.* (MA)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Cervantesia kunthiana Baill.



Cervantesia kunthiana Baill.

$


 Cervantesia tomentosa Ruiz & Pav.



Cervantesia tomentosa Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1240: 416. 
Ecology. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA photo F!), Sag&aacute;stegui 9164 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Cespedesia amazonica Huber


Cespedesia amazonica Huber = Cespedesia spathulata (Ruiz & Pav.) Planch.

Reference: FP 1307: 695. 


$


 Cespedesia spathulata (Ruiz & Pav.) Planch.



Cespedesia spathulata (Ruiz & Pav.) Planch.

Synonyms: Cespedesia spathulata Huber, Cespedesia spathulata Ruiz & Pav., Cespedesia spathulata Tiegh.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1307: 695. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: D&iacute;az 494 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cespedesia sprucei Tiegh.


Cespedesia sprucei Tiegh. = Cespedesia spathulata (Ruiz & Pav.) Planch.

Reference: FP 1307: 695. 


$


 Cestrum aberrans J.F. Macbr.


Cestrum aberrans J.F. Macbr. = Sessea confertiflora Francey

Reference: FP 1349: 92. 


$


 Cestrum affine Kunth



Cestrum affine Kunth

Synonyms: Cestrum affine Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 114. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: riversides. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: D&iacute;az et al. 2697 (MO!)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Cestrum albopunctatum Dunal


Cestrum albopunctatum Dunal = Cestrum latifolium Lam.

Reference: Francey, P., 1935: 291. 


$


 Cestrum auriculatum L'H&eacute;r.



Cestrum auriculatum L'H&eacute;r.

Synonyms: Cestrum auriculatum Dunal, Cestrum auriculatum Dunal, Cestrum auriculatum Dunal, Cestrum auriculatum Dunal, Cestrum auriculatum Dunal
Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 93. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas, lomas. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* , Sullivan et al. 944 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Piura, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes.


$


 Cestrum baenitzii Lingelsh.


Cestrum baenitzii Lingelsh. = Cestrum megalophyllum Dunal

Reference: FP 1349: 94; D'Arcy, W. G., 1973: 606. 


$


 Cestrum calycinum Kunth


Cestrum calycinum Kunth = Cestrum strigilatum Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1349: 120. 


$



$


 Cestrum campanulatum Lam.


Cestrum campanulatum Lam. = Acnistus arborescens (L.) Schltdl.

Reference: FP 1349: 44; Hunziker, A. T., 1982: 86. 


$


 Cestrum cancellatum Dunal


Cestrum cancellatum Dunal = Cestrum strigilatum Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1349: 95; Francey, P., 1935: 136. 


$


 Cestrum confertum Ruiz & Pav.


Cestrum confertum Ruiz & Pav. = Cestrum zarucchianum D'Arcy

Reference: FP 1349: 95. 


$


 Cestrum conglomeratum Ruiz & Pav.



Cestrum conglomeratum Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Cestrum conglomeratum Dunal, Cestrum conglomeratum J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 96. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: forests. 1500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Tupayachi & Galiano 1193 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Puno.


$


 Cestrum conglomeratum var. kunthii Dunal


Cestrum conglomeratum var. kunthii Dunal = Cestrum conglomeratum Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1349: 97. 


$


 Cestrum conglomeratum var. simulans J.F. Macbr.


Cestrum conglomeratum var. simulans J.F. Macbr. = Cestrum conglomeratum Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1349: 97. 


$


 Cestrum dependens (Ruiz & Pav.) J.F. Macbr.


Cestrum dependens (Ruiz & Pav.) J.F. Macbr. = Sessea dependens Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1349: 97. 


$


 Cestrum discolor Dunal


Cestrum discolor Dunal = Cestrum thyrsoideum Kunth

Reference: Francey, P., 1936: 24. 
Note: NN  


$


 Cestrum dunalii Francey



Cestrum dunalii Francey

Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 99; Francey, P., 1935: 353. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 3251* , Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 8451 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca.


$


 Cestrum ellipticum Francey



Cestrum ellipticum Francey

Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 99; Francey, P., 1935: 216. 
Ecology. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 23229 
Departments: Ayacucho.


$


 Cestrum falcatum Francey



Cestrum falcatum Francey

$


 Cestrum falcatum var.falcatum



Cestrum falcatum var. falcatum 

Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 100; Francey, P., 1935: 228. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Herrera 734* 
Departments: Cuzco, Lima.


$


 Cestrum falcatum var.soukupii J.F. Macbr.



Cestrum falcatum var. soukupii J.F. Macbr.

$


 Cestrum flexuosum Francey


Cestrum flexuosum Francey = Cestrum scandens Vahl

Reference: FP 1349: 101. 


$


 Cestrum foliosum Francey



Cestrum foliosum Francey

Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 101; Francey, P., 1935: 260. 
Ecology: Native shrub. . 
Voucher: Macbride 5203 
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Cestrum franceyi J.F. Macbr.


Cestrum franceyi J.F. Macbr. = Sessea pedicellata Francey

Reference: FP 1349: 102. 


$


 Cestrum glaucophyllum Francey



Cestrum glaucophyllum Francey

Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 103; Francey, P., 1935: 149. 
Ecology. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 25740* 
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Cestrum hediundinum Dunal


Cestrum hediundinum Dunal = ?  

$


 Cestrum humboldtii Francey



Cestrum humboldtii Francey

Synonyms: Cestrum humboldtii Francey, Cestrum humboldtii Francey
Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 104; Francey, P., 1935: 393. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 5129* , Macbride 4332 
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Cestrum humboldtii var. calycinum Francey


Cestrum humboldtii var. calycinum Francey = Cestrum humboldtii Francey

Reference: FP 1349: 104; Francey, P., 1935: 394. 


$


 Cestrum laevifolium Francey



Cestrum laevifolium Francey

Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 105; Francey, P., 1936: 62. 
Ecology. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 26074* 
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Cestrum lanuginosum Ruiz & Pav.


Cestrum lanuginosum Ruiz & Pav. = Cestrum tomentosum L. f.

Reference: FP 1349: 105; Francey, P., 1935: 168. 


$


 Cestrum lasianthum Dunal


Cestrum lasianthum Dunal = Cestrum auriculatum L'H&eacute;r.

Reference: FP 1349: 93. 


$


 Cestrum latifolium Lam.



Cestrum latifolium Lam.

Synonyms: Cestrum latifolium (Kunth) O.E. Schulz, Cestrum latifolium Dunal
Reference: Francey, P., 1935: 291; D'Arcy, W. G., 1973: 604; Hunziker, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   No Peruvian specimens are cited by Francey (1936).   


$


 Cestrum latifolium var. tenuiflorum (Kunth) O.E. Schulz


Cestrum latifolium var. tenuiflorum (Kunth) O.E. Schulz = Cestrum latifolium Lam.

Reference: Francey, P., 1935: 291. 


$


 Cestrum leptanthum Dunal


Cestrum leptanthum Dunal = Cestrum auriculatum L'H&eacute;r.

Reference: FP 1349: 93. 


$


 Cestrum leptanthum var. majus Dunal


Cestrum leptanthum var. majus Dunal = Cestrum auriculatum L'H&eacute;r.

$


 Cestrum leptanthum var. micranthum Dunal


Cestrum leptanthum var. micranthum Dunal = Cestrum auriculatum L'H&eacute;r.

$


 Cestrum longiflorum Ruiz & Pav.



Cestrum longiflorum Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Cestrum longiflorum Raf.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 106. 
Ecology. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* , Smith 5363 (MO!)
Departments: Pasco.


$


 Cestrum loretense Francey



Cestrum loretense Francey

Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 107; Francey, P., 1935: 226. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Williams 3129* (F)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Cestrum macbridei Francey



Cestrum macbridei Francey

Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 107; Francey, P., 1935: 261. 
Ecology. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 5724* 
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Cestrum maleolens J.F. Macbr.


Cestrum maleolens J.F. Macbr. = Sessea stipulata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1349: 108. 


$


 Cestrum mancoi J.F. Macbr.


Cestrum mancoi J.F. Macbr. = Sessea weberbaueri Bitter

Reference: FP 1349: 109. 


$


 Cestrum mathewsii Dunal


Cestrum mathewsii Dunal = Cestrum racemosum Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1349: 109; Francey, P., 1935: 243. 


$


 Cestrum megalophyllum Dunal



Cestrum megalophyllum Dunal

Synonyms: Cestrum megalophyllum Lingelsh.


$


 Cestrum microcalyx Francey



Cestrum microcalyx Francey

Synonyms: Cestrum microcalyx Francey, Cestrum microcalyx Francey


$


 Cestrum nemanthum Dunal



Cestrum nemanthum Dunal

Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 111; Francey, P., 1935: 306. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. . 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* 
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Cestrum obscurum Francey



Cestrum obscurum Francey

Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 111. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 1930* 
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Cestrum osnoense J.F. Macbr.


Cestrum osnoense J.F. Macbr. = Sessea graciliflora Bitter

Reference: FP 1349: 112. 


$


 Cestrum ovalifolium Francey



Cestrum ovalifolium Francey

Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 112; Francey, P., 1935: 362. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. . 
Voucher: Jelski 6549* 
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Cestrum ovato-lanceolatum Francey



Cestrum ovato-lanceolatum Francey

Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 113. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 5435* 
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Loreto.


$


 Cestrum peruvianum Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.


Cestrum peruvianum Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. = Cestrum affine Kunth

Reference: FP 1349: 114. 


$


 Cestrum petiolare Kunth



Cestrum petiolare Kunth

Synonyms: Cestrum petiolare (Kunth) Sprengel, Cestrum petiolare Roemer & Schultes
Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 114; Francey, P., 1935: 391. 
Ecology: Native shrub. . 
Voucher: Bonpland s.n.* 
Departments: Piura.


$


 Cestrum pseudo-pedicellatum Francey



Cestrum pseudo-pedicellatum Francey

Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 115; Francey, P., 1936: 29. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. . 
Note: Known only from the type, locality unknown.  
Voucher: Weberbauer 6675* 


$


 Cestrum racemosum Ruiz & Pav.



Cestrum racemosum Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Cestrum racemosum Dunal
Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 116; Francey, P., 1935: 274. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* , Smith & Brack 3120 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cestrum raimondianum Francey



Cestrum raimondianum Francey

Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 116; Francey, P., 1935: 382. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. . 
Voucher: Raimondi 1055* 
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca.


$


 Cestrum reflexum Sendtn.



Cestrum reflexum Sendtn.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 117. 
Ecology: Native shrub, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & Revilla 16311 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cestrum scandens Vahl



Cestrum scandens Vahl

Synonyms: Cestrum scandens Francey


$


 Cestrum sendtnerianum Mart.



Cestrum sendtnerianum Mart.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 118. 
Ecology. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Plowman & Schunke 11687 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cestrum serratum Dunal


Cestrum serratum Dunal = Cestrum auriculatum L'H&eacute;r.

Reference: FP 1349: 93. 


$


 Cestrum silvaticum Francey


Cestrum silvaticum Francey = Cestrum microcalyx Francey

Reference: FP 1349: 119. 


$


 Cestrum strigilatum Ruiz & Pav.



Cestrum strigilatum Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Cestrum strigilatum Dunal, Cestrum strigilatum Dunal, Cestrum strigilatum Kunth, Cestrum strigilatum Rusby
Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 120. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: terra firme forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Croat 21237 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Tacna.


$


 Cestrum tenuissimum Francey


Cestrum tenuissimum Francey = Cestrum microcalyx Francey

$


 Cestrum thyrsoideum Kunth



Cestrum thyrsoideum Kunth

Synonyms: Cestrum thyrsoideum Dunal
Reference: Francey, P., 1936: 24. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   No Peruvian specimens cited by Francey (1936).  


$


 Cestrum tomentosum L. f.



Cestrum tomentosum L. f.

Synonyms: Cestrum tomentosum Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 121. 
Ecology. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Soukup  3885 
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Piura.


$


 Cestrum undulatum Ruiz & Pav.



Cestrum undulatum Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 122; Francey, P., 1935: 384. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* , Killip & Smith 25862 
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Loreto.


$


 Cestrum unibracteatum Dunal


Cestrum unibracteatum Dunal = Cestrum strigilatum Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1349: 120. 


$


 Cestrum venosum Roemer & Schultes


Cestrum venosum Roemer & Schultes = Cestrum petiolare Kunth

Reference: FP 1349: 114; Francey, P., 1935: 391. 


$


 Cestrum weberbaueri Francey



Cestrum weberbaueri Francey

Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 123; Francey, P., 1936: 5. 
Ecology. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4254* 
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Cestrum zarucchianum D'Arcy



Cestrum zarucchianum D'Arcy

Synonyms: Cestrum zarucchianum Ruiz & Pav.


$


 Chabraea daucifolia (D. Don.) Wedd.


Chabraea daucifolia (D. Don.) Wedd. = Leucheria daucifolia (D. Don.) Crisci

$


 Chabraea laciniata Wedd.


Chabraea laciniata Wedd. = Leucheria daucifolia (D. Don.) Crisci

$


 Chaenanthe barkeri Lindl.


Chaenanthe barkeri Lindl. = Diadenium barkeri (Lindl.) Benth. & Hook. f.

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Chaenanthe micrantha (Poepp. & Endl.) Kuntze


Chaenanthe micrantha (Poepp. & Endl.) Kuntze = Diadenium micranthum Poepp. & Endl.

Reference: FP 1473: 766; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Chaenesthes gesnerioides (Kunth) Miers


Chaenesthes gesnerioides (Kunth) Miers = Iochroma gesnerioides (Kunth) Miers

Note: NN  


$


 Chaenesthes gesnerioides var. peruviana Dunal


Chaenesthes gesnerioides var. peruviana Dunal = Iochroma peruvianum (Dunal) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 1349: 50. 


$


 Chaenesthes lanceolata Miers


Chaenesthes lanceolata Miers = Iochroma cyaneum (Lindl.) Lawrence & Tucker

Reference: FP 1349: 53; Lawrence, G. H. M. & J. M. Tucker, 1955: 66. 


$


 Chaenocephalus arboreus (H.B.K.) O. Hoffm.


Chaenocephalus arboreus (H.B.K.) O. Hoffm. = Verbesina arborea Kunth

$


 Chaenocephalus jelskii Hieron.


Chaenocephalus jelskii Hieron. = Monactis hieronymi H. Rob.

Reference: Hieronymus, G., 1905: 494. 


$


 Chaetachlaena odorata D. Don


Chaetachlaena odorata D. Don = Onoseris odorata (D. Don) Hook. & Arn.

Reference: Ferreyra, R., 1944: 360. 


$


 Chaetaea aculeata Jacq.


Chaetaea aculeata Jacq. = Byttneria aculeata (Jacq.) Jacq.

Reference: Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1976: 126. 


$


 Chaetaea hirsuta (Ruiz & Pav.) Rusby


Chaetaea hirsuta (Ruiz & Pav.) Rusby = Byttneria hirsuta Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Crist&oacute;bal, C. L., 1976: 187. 


$


 Chaetanthera chiquianensis Ferreyra



Chaetanthera chiquianensis Ferreyra

Reference: Ferreyra, R., 1953: 5. 
Ecology. 2500-3500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Cerrate 1323* (USM)
Departments: Ancash.


$


 Chaetanthera cochlearifolia (A. Gray) B. Robinson



Chaetanthera cochlearifolia (A. Gray) B. Robinson

Synonyms: Chaetanthera cochlearifolia A. Gray
Reference: Ferreyra, R., 1953: 2. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: grasslands, shrublands.  > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Wilkes Exped. s.n.* (US), Dillon & Turner 1315 (F!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Lima.


$


 Chaetanthera multiflora Humb. & Bonpl.


Chaetanthera multiflora Humb. & Bonpl. = Perezia multiflora (Humb. & Bonpl.) Less.

Reference: Harling, G., 1991: 97. 


$


 Chaetanthera peruviana A. Gray



Chaetanthera peruviana A. Gray

Reference: Ferreyra, R., 1953: 4. 
Ecology. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Wilkes Exped. s.n.* (US), Weberbauer 6876 (F, USM)
Departments: Arequipa, Lima.


$


 Chaetanthera pinnatifida Humb. & Bonpl.


Chaetanthera pinnatifida Humb. & Bonpl. = Perezia pinnatifida (Humb. & Bonpl.) Wedd.

Reference: Harling, G., 1991: 102. 


$


 Chaetanthera pungens Humb. & Bonpl.


Chaetanthera pungens Humb. & Bonpl. = Perezia pungens (Humb. & Bonpl.) Less.

Reference: Harling, G., 1991: 99. 


$


 Chaetanthera stuebelii Hieron.



Chaetanthera stuebelii Hieron.

$


 Chaetaria setifolia (Kunth) Nees


Chaetaria setifolia (Kunth) Nees = Aristida setifolia Kunth

$


 Chaetaria torta Nees


Chaetaria torta Nees = Aristida torta (Nees) Kunth

Reference: FP 719: 184. 


$


 Chaetocalyx brasiliensis (Vogel) Benth.



Chaetocalyx brasiliensis (Vogel) Benth.

Synonyms: Chaetocalyx brasiliensis Vogel
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 446; Rudd, V. E., 1958: 229. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 5951 (MO)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Chaetocalyx klugii Rudd



Chaetocalyx klugii Rudd

Reference: Rudd, V. E., 1958: 232; Rudd, V. E., 1972: 297. 
Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 3114* (MO!), Schunke 1937 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Chaetocalyx platycarpa (Harms) Rudd



Chaetocalyx platycarpa (Harms) Rudd

Synonyms: Chaetocalyx platycarpa Harms
Reference: Rudd, V. E., 1958: 216. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean II: forests. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Raimondi 6714* (B photo F!), Jelski 216 (US)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Chaetocalyx weberbaueri Harms



Chaetocalyx weberbaueri Harms

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 447; Rudd, V. E., 1958: 214. 
Ecology: vine. Andean I: forests. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6020* (B photo F!), Ferreyra et al. 10901 (US, USM!)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Chaetochlamys rusbyi Lindau


Chaetochlamys rusbyi Lindau = Justicia rusbyi (Lindau) V.A.W. Wassell

Reference: Graham, V. A. W., 1988: 605. 


$


 Chaetochloa argentina (Herrm.) Hitchc.


Chaetochloa argentina (Herrm.) Hitchc. = Setaria leiantha Hack.

Reference: Nicora, E. G., 1970: 447. 


$


 Chaetochloa geniculata (Lam.) Millsp. & Chase


Chaetochloa geniculata (Lam.) Millsp. & Chase = Setaria parviflora (Poir.) Kergu&eacute;len

Reference: FP 719: 238; Kergu&eacute;len, M., 1987: 161. 


$


 Chaetochloa oblongata (Griseb.) Hitchc.


Chaetochloa oblongata (Griseb.) Hitchc. = Setaria oblongata (Griseb.) Parodi

Reference: T&uuml;rpe, A. M., 1973: 288. 


$


 Chaetochloa poiretiana (Schult.) Hitchc.


Chaetochloa poiretiana (Schult.) Hitchc. = Setaria poiretiana (Schult.) Kunth

Reference: FP 719: 238; Rominger, J. M. , 1962: 23. 


$


 Chaetochloa scandens (Schrad. ex Schult.) Scribn.


Chaetochloa scandens (Schrad. ex Schult.) Scribn. = Setaria scandens Schrad. ex Schult.

Reference: FP 719: 238; Rominger, J. M. , 1962: 74. 


$


 Chaetochloa tenacissima (Schrad.) Hitchc. & Chase


Chaetochloa tenacissima (Schrad.) Hitchc. & Chase = Setaria tenacissima Schrad.

Reference: FP 719: 239; Rominger, J. M. , 1962: 72. 


$


 Chaetochloa verticillata (L.) Scribn.


Chaetochloa verticillata (L.) Scribn. = Setaria verticillata (L.) P. Beauv.

Reference: FP 719: 239; Rominger, J. M. , 1962: 88. 


$


 Chaetochloa vulpiseta (Lam.) Hitchc. & Chase


Chaetochloa vulpiseta (Lam.) Hitchc. & Chase = Setaria vulpiseta (Lam.) Roem. & Schult.

Reference: FP 719: 239; Rominger, J. M. , 1962: 39. 


$


 Chaetocrater capitatum Ruiz & Pav.


Chaetocrater capitatum Ruiz & Pav. = Casearia arborea (Rich.) Urb.

Reference: FP 732: 41; Sleumer, H., 1980: 314. 


$


 Chaetocrater fasciculatum Ruiz & Pav.


Chaetocrater fasciculatum Ruiz & Pav. = Casearia fasciculata (Ruiz & Pav.) Sleumer

Reference: FP 732: 43; Sleumer, H., 1980: 306. 


$


 Chaetocrater reflexum Ruiz & Pav.


Chaetocrater reflexum Ruiz & Pav. = Casearia decandra Jacq.

Reference: Sleumer, H., 1980: 346. 
Note: nom. illeg.  


$


 Chaetocyperus albibracteatus (Nees & Meyen ex Kunth) Nees & Meyen


Chaetocyperus albibracteatus (Nees & Meyen ex Kunth) Nees & Meyen = Eleocharis albibracteata Nees & Meyen ex Kunth

Reference: FP 735: 279; Svenson, H. K., 1929: 178. 


$


 Chaetogastra bonplandiana Naudin


Chaetogastra bonplandiana Naudin = Brachyotum ledifolium (Desr.) Triana

Reference: FP 761: 268. 


$


 Chaetogastra clinopodifolia DC.


Chaetogastra clinopodifolia DC. = Tibouchina clinopodifolia (DC.) Cogn.

Reference: FP 761: 284. 


$


 Chaetogastra echinata (R&P) DC.


Chaetogastra echinata (R&P) DC. = ?  

$


 Chaetogastra microphylla Naudin


Chaetogastra microphylla Naudin = Brachyotum microphyllum (Naudin) Triana

Reference: FP 761: 270. 


$


 Chaetogastra pentlandii Naudin


Chaetogastra pentlandii Naudin = Brachyotum pentlandii (Naud.) Triana

Reference: FP 761: 271. 


$


 Chaetogastra rostrata Naudin


Chaetogastra rostrata Naudin = Brachyotum rostratum (Naudin) Triana

Reference: FP 761: 274; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 94. 


$


 Chaetogastra sanguinolenta Naudin


Chaetogastra sanguinolenta Naudin = Brachyotum sanguinolentum (Naud.) Triana

Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1953: 378. 


$


 Chaetogastra sulphurea Naudin


Chaetogastra sulphurea Naudin = Brachyotum ledifolium (Desr.) Triana

Reference: FP 761: 268. 


$


 Chaetospira funckii (Philipson) S.F. Blake


Chaetospira funckii (Philipson) S.F. Blake = Pseudelephantopus spiralis (Less.) Cronquist

Reference: FP 1416: 68. 


$


 Chaetospira spiralis (Less.) Aspl. & S.F. Blake


Chaetospira spiralis (Less.) Aspl. & S.F. Blake = Pseudelephantopus spiralis (Less.) Cronquist

Reference: FP 1416: 68. 


$


 Chaetospora globosa Kunth


Chaetospora globosa Kunth = Rhynchospora globosa (Kunth) Roemer & Schultes

Reference: FP 735: 298; Kuekenthal, G., 1949: 463. 


$


 Chaetotropis andina Ball


Chaetotropis andina Ball = Calamagrostis heterophylla (Wedd.) Pilg.

Reference: FP 719: 157; Tovar, O., 1960: 53. 


$


 Chaetotropis chilensis Kunth


Chaetotropis chilensis Kunth = Polypogon chilensis (Kunth) Pilg.

Reference: Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen & R. M. Klein, 1982: 506. 


$


 Chaetotropis elongata (Kunth) Bj&ouml;rkman


Chaetotropis elongata (Kunth) Bj&ouml;rkman = Polypogon elongatus Kunth

Reference: Pohl, R. W., 1980: 493. 


$


 Chalcas paniculata L.


Chalcas paniculata L. = Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack

Reference: FP 655: 660. 


$


 Chamaeanthus wittianus Ule


Chamaeanthus wittianus Ule = Geogenanthus poeppigii (Miq.) Faden

Reference: FP 1181: 608. 


$


 Chamaecalamus spectabilis Meyen ex Nees


Chamaecalamus spectabilis Meyen ex Nees = Calamagrostis rigescens (J. Presl) Scribn.

Reference: FP 719: 160; Tovar, O., 1960: 49. 


$


 Chamaecrista absus (L.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby



Chamaecrista absus (L.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

$


 Chamaecrista absus (L.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby var.absus



Chamaecrista absus (L.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby var. absus 

Synonyms: Chamaecrista absus absus (L.) Link, Chamaecrista absus absus L.
Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 664. 
Ecology: Native herb. Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Cerrate 5209 (NY!)
Departments: Cuzco, Lambayeque, Piura.


$


 Chamaecrista apoucouita (Aubl.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby



Chamaecrista apoucouita (Aubl.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Synonyms: Chamaecrista apoucouita Aubl.
Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 642. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Chamaecrista browniana Britton & Rose


Chamaecrista browniana Britton & Rose = Chamaecrista nictitans var. paraguariensis (Chodat & Hassl.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 178. 
Note: NN  


$


 Chamaecrista chamaecrista (L.) Britton


Chamaecrista chamaecrista (L.) Britton = Chamaecrista fasciculata (Michx.) Greene

Reference: FP 21: 159; Carrillo, F. E., 1974: 60; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 802. 
Note: NN  


$


 Chamaecrista fasciculata (Michx.) Greene



Chamaecrista fasciculata (Michx.) Greene

Synonyms: Chamaecrista fasciculata (L.) Britton, Chamaecrista fasciculata (L.) Schrank ex Link, Chamaecrista fasciculata L., Chamaecrista fasciculata Michx.
Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 802. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   The collections cited under Cassia chamaecrista in the Flora of Peru, Haught F6 and Raimondi s.n., were not listed among exsiccatae of Chamaecrista cited by Irwin & Barneby (1982: 848, 853). 


$


 Chamaecrista flavicoma (Kunth) Greene


Chamaecrista flavicoma (Kunth) Greene = Chamaecrista glandulosa var. flavicoma (Kunth) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 164; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 788. 


$


 Chamaecrista glandulosa (L.) Greene



Chamaecrista glandulosa (L.) Greene

$


 Chamaecrista glandulosa (L.) Greene var.glandulosa



Chamaecrista glandulosa (L.) Greene var. glandulosa 

Synonyms: Chamaecrista glandulosa glandulosa L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 165; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 788. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   The typical variety of Ch. glandulosa is known only from Jamaica.  Most of the collections cited in the Flora of Peru were redetermined as var. andicola (Irwin & Barneby, 1982: 782). 


$


 Chamaecrista glandulosa var.andicola H.S. Irwin & Barneby



Chamaecrista glandulosa var. andicola H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Synonyms: Chamaecrista glandulosa andicola J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 791. 
Ecology: Native subshrub. Andean II: dry valleys, rocky slopes. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Herrera 1184* (GH), Alayo 203 (NY)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huancavelica, La Libertad.


$


 Chamaecrista glandulosa var.balsasana H.S. Irwin & Barneby



Chamaecrista glandulosa var. balsasana H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 794. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I: dry valleys, riversides, rocky slopes. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 5428* (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Chamaecrista glandulosa var.flavicoma (Kunth) H.S. Irwin & Barneby



Chamaecrista glandulosa var. flavicoma (Kunth) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Synonyms: Chamaecrista glandulosa flavicoma (Kunth) Greene, Chamaecrista glandulosa flavicoma G. Don, Chamaecrista glandulosa flavicoma G. Don, Chamaecrista glandulosa flavicoma Kunth, Chamaecrista glandulosa fo. flavicoma (Kunth) Kuntze, Chamaecrista glandulosa var. flavicoma (Kunth) Vogel
Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 788. 
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I-III, Coastal: disturbed areas, shrublands. 0-4500 m. 
Voucher: Mostacero 1618 (NY!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Piura.


$


 Chamaecrista lineata (Sw.) Greene



Chamaecrista lineata (Sw.) Greene

$


 Chamaecrista lineata (Sw.) Greene var.lineata



Chamaecrista lineata (Sw.) Greene var. lineata 

Synonyms: Chamaecrista lineata lineata DC., Chamaecrista lineata lineata Sw.
Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 754. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Chamaecrista nictitans (L.) Moench



Chamaecrista nictitans (L.) Moench

$


 Chamaecrista nictitans subsp.brachypoda (Benth.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby



Chamaecrista nictitans subsp. brachypoda (Benth.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Synonyms: Chamaecrista nictitans brachypoda Benth.
Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 812. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   The specimen cited under Cassia brachypoda in the Flora of Peru, Spruce s.n. from Lamas, was not listed by Irwin & Barneby (1982), nor was a Peruvian distribution indicated for this taxon. 


$


 Chamaecrista nictitans subsp.disadena (Steud.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby



Chamaecrista nictitans subsp. disadena (Steud.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Synonyms: Chamaecrista nictitans disadena Kunth, Chamaecrista nictitans disadena Steud.
Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 826. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: disturbed areas. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Bonpland s.n. (P)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Chamaecrista nictitans var.jaliscensis (Greenm.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby



Chamaecrista nictitans var. jaliscensis (Greenm.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Synonyms: Chamaecrista nictitans var. jaliscensis Greenm.
Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 834. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I, Coastal: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Note: Treated under subsp. nictitans by Irwin & Barneby (1982).  
Voucher: Ferreyra 6028 (NY)
Departments: Piura, Tumbes.


$


 Chamaecrista nictitans var.paraguariensis (Chodat & Hassl.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby



Chamaecrista nictitans var. paraguariensis (Chodat & Hassl.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Synonyms: Chamaecrista nictitans paraguariensis (Britton & Rose) Philipson, Chamaecrista nictitans paraguariensis Amshoff, Chamaecrista nictitans paraguariensis Britton & Rose
Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 815. 
Note: Not known from Peru. Treated under subsp. patellaria by Irwin & Barneby (1982).  


$


 Chamaecrista nictitans var.ramosa (Vogel) H.S. Irwin & Barneby



Chamaecrista nictitans var. ramosa (Vogel) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Synonyms: Chamaecrista nictitans ramosa (DC. ex Colladon) Greene, Chamaecrista nictitans ramosa DC. ex Colladon, Chamaecrista nictitans var. ramosa Vogel
Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 818. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1000 m. 
Note: Treated under subsp. patellaria by Irwin & Barneby (1982).  
Voucher: Schunke 1418 (F)
Departments: Amazonas, Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Chamaecrista patellaria (DC. ex Colladon) Greene


Chamaecrista patellaria (DC. ex Colladon) Greene = Chamaecrista nictitans var. ramosa (Vogel) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 176; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 818. 


$


 Chamaecrista repens (Vogel) H.S. Irwin & Barneby var.repens



Chamaecrista repens (Vogel) H.S. Irwin & Barneby var. repens 

Synonyms: Chamaecrista repens repens Vogel
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 179; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 744. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   The collection cited under Cassia repens in the Flora of Peru, Ule 6723, was not listed among exsiccatae cited by Irwin & Barneby (1982: 856). 


$


 Chamaecrista repens (Vogel) H.S. Irwin & Barneby



Chamaecrista repens (Vogel) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

$


 Chamaecrista serpens (L.) Greene



Chamaecrista serpens (L.) Greene

$


 Chamaecrista serpens var.grandiflora (Benth.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby



Chamaecrista serpens var. grandiflora (Benth.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Synonyms: Chamaecrista serpens grandiflora Kunth, Chamaecrista serpens var. grandiflora Benth.
Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 712. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Chamaedorea amazonica Dammer


Chamaedorea amazonica Dammer = Chamaedorea pauciflora Mart.

Reference: FP 39695: 372. 


$


 Chamaedorea angustisecta Burret



Chamaedorea angustisecta Burret

Reference: Flora Peru: 39695: 368. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 25091* (F!), Foster 9655 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.


$


 Chamaedorea bifurcata Oerst.


Chamaedorea bifurcata Oerst. = Pholidostachys synanthera (Mart.) H.E. Moore

$


 Chamaedorea boliviensis Dammer


Chamaedorea boliviensis Dammer = Chamaedorea pinnatifrons (Jacq.) Oerst.

Reference: FP 39695: 368; Henderson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Chamaedorea cataractarum Auct. non C. Martius


Chamaedorea cataractarum Auct. non C. Martius = Chamaedorea fragrans (Ruiz & Pav.) Mart.

Reference: FP 39695: 372; Henderson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Chamaedorea depauperata Dammer


Chamaedorea depauperata Dammer = Chamaedorea pinnatifrons (Jacq.) Oerst.

Reference: FP 39695: 369; Henderson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Chamaedorea fragrans (Ruiz & Pav.) Mart.



Chamaedorea fragrans (Ruiz & Pav.) Mart.

Synonyms: Chamaedorea fragrans Auct. non C. Martius, Chamaedorea fragrans H. A. Wendland ex Dammer, Chamaedorea fragrans H. A. Wendland ex Dammer, Chamaedorea fragrans Ruiz & Pav., Chamaedorea fragrans Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 39695: 369; Henderson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Knapp & Alcorn 7422 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Chamaedorea geonomoides (Spruce) Drude


Chamaedorea geonomoides (Spruce) Drude = Chamaedorea pinnatifrons (Jacq.) Oerst.

Reference: FP 39695: 370; Henderson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Chamaedorea herrerae Burret


Chamaedorea herrerae Burret = Chamaedorea pinnatifrons (Jacq.) Oerst.

Reference: FP 39695: 370; Henderson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Chamaedorea integrifolia (Trail) Dammer


Chamaedorea integrifolia (Trail) Dammer = Chamaedorea pauciflora Mart.

Reference: FP 39695: 371. 


$


 Chamaedorea lanceolata (Ruiz & Pav.) Kunth


Chamaedorea lanceolata (Ruiz & Pav.) Kunth = Chamaedorea pinnatifrons (Jacq.) Oerst.

Reference: FP 39695: 372. 


$


 Chamaedorea lechleriana H. Wendl.


Chamaedorea lechleriana H. Wendl. = Chamaedorea pauciflora Mart.

Reference: Glassman, S. F., 1972: 73. 


$



$


 Chamaedorea linearis (Ruiz & Pav.) Mart.



Chamaedorea linearis (Ruiz & Pav.) Mart.

Synonyms: Chamaedorea linearis (Mart.) A.H. Gentry, Chamaedorea linearis (Mart.) Kuntze, Chamaedorea linearis (Ruiz & Pav.) Burret, Chamaedorea linearis A.H. Gentry, Chamaedorea linearis A.H. Gentry, Chamaedorea linearis Mart., Chamaedorea linearis Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 39695: 374. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* , Killip & Smith 24672 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Pasco.


$


 Chamaedorea megaphylla A.H. Gentry


Chamaedorea megaphylla A.H. Gentry = Chamaedorea linearis (Ruiz & Pav.) Mart.

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1986: 163; Henderson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Chamaedorea pauciflora Mart.



Chamaedorea pauciflora Mart.

Synonyms: Chamaedorea pauciflora (Trail) Dammer, Chamaedorea pauciflora Dammer, Chamaedorea pauciflora Drude in Martius, Chamaedorea pauciflora H. A. Wendland ex Dammer, Chamaedorea pauciflora H. Wendl., Chamaedorea pauciflora Trail, Chamaedorea pauciflora Trail
Reference: Flora Peru: 39695: 372. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Davis 1318 (NY!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Chamaedorea pavoniana H. A. Wendland ex Dammer


Chamaedorea pavoniana H. A. Wendland ex Dammer = Chamaedorea fragrans (Ruiz & Pav.) Mart.

Reference: FP 39695: 372; Henderson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Chamaedorea pinnatifrons (Jacq.) Oerst.



Chamaedorea pinnatifrons (Jacq.) Oerst.

Synonyms: Chamaedorea pinnatifrons (Ruiz & Pav.) Kunth, Chamaedorea pinnatifrons (Spruce) Drude, Chamaedorea pinnatifrons Burret, Chamaedorea pinnatifrons Dammer, Chamaedorea pinnatifrons Dammer, Chamaedorea pinnatifrons Ruiz & Pav., Chamaedorea pinnatifrons Spruce
Reference: Henderson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Alexiades & Pesha 43 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Chamaedorea poeppigiana (Mart.) A.H. Gentry


Chamaedorea poeppigiana (Mart.) A.H. Gentry = Chamaedorea linearis (Ruiz & Pav.) Mart.

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1986: 162; Henderson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Chamaedorea ruizii H. A. Wendland ex Dammer


Chamaedorea ruizii H. A. Wendland ex Dammer = Chamaedorea fragrans (Ruiz & Pav.) Mart.

Reference: Henderson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Chamaedorea smithii A.H. Gentry


Chamaedorea smithii A.H. Gentry = Chamaedorea linearis (Ruiz & Pav.) Mart.

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1986: 164; Henderson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Chamaefistula bacillaris (L. f.) G. Don


Chamaefistula bacillaris (L. f.) G. Don = Senna bacillaris (L. f.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby var. bacillaris 

Reference: FP 21: 164; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 113. 
Note: NN  


$


 Chamaefistula birostris (Dombey ex J. Vogel) Dombey ex J. F. Macbr.


Chamaefistula birostris (Dombey ex J. Vogel) Dombey ex J. F. Macbr. = Senna birostris (Dombey ex J. Vogel) H.S. Irwin & Barneby var. birostris 

Reference: FP 21: 158. 


$


 Chamaefistula elegans G. Don



Chamaefistula elegans G. Don

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 175; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 205. 
Ecology: Endemic . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality. .  Discussed by Irwin & Barneby (1982) but the transfer to Senna was not made. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n [or Dombey] s.n.* (BM)


$


 Chamaefistula fruticosa (Mill.) Pittier


Chamaefistula fruticosa (Mill.) Pittier = Senna fruticosa (Mill.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 164; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 121. 
Note: NN  


$


 Chamaefistula gigantifolia Britton & Killip


Chamaefistula gigantifolia Britton & Killip = Senna macrophylla var. gigantifolia (Britton & Killip) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 174; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 139. 


$


 Chamaefistula klugii Britton & Killip


Chamaefistula klugii Britton & Killip = Senna quinquangulata (Rich.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby var. quinquangulata 

Reference: FP 21: 179; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 156. 


$


 Chamaefistula laevigata (Willd.) G. Don


Chamaefistula laevigata (Willd.) G. Don = Senna septemtrionalis (Viviani) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 170; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 366. 


$


 Chamaefistula latifolia (G. Meyer) Pittier


Chamaefistula latifolia (G. Meyer) Pittier = Senna latifolia (G. Meyer) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 143. 


$


 Chamaefistula macrophylla (Kunth) G. Don


Chamaefistula macrophylla (Kunth) G. Don = Senna macrophylla (Kunth) H.S. Irwin & Barneby var. macrophylla 

Reference: FP 21: 174; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 140. 


$


 Chamaefistula obliqua G. Don


Chamaefistula obliqua G. Don = Senna obliqua (G. Don) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 175; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 148. 


$


 Chamaefistula quinquangulata (Rich.) Pittier


Chamaefistula quinquangulata (Rich.) Pittier = Senna quinquangulata (Rich.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby var. quinquangulata 

Reference: FP 21: 179; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 155. 


$


 Chamaefistula ruiziana G. Don


Chamaefistula ruiziana G. Don = Senna ruiziana (G. Don) H.S. Irwin & Barneby var. ruiziana 

Reference: FP 21: 180; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 152. 


$


 Chamaesenna laevigata (Willd.) Pittier


Chamaesenna laevigata (Willd.) Pittier = Senna septemtrionalis (Viviani) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 366. 


$


 Chamaesenna reticulata (Willd.) Pittier


Chamaesenna reticulata (Willd.) Pittier = Senna reticulata (Willd.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby

Reference: FP 21: 180; Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 458. 


$


 Chamaesyce arequipensis Croizat


Chamaesyce arequipensis Croizat = Euphorbia peruviana Wheeler

Reference: FP 674: 27. 


$


 Chamaesyce glomerifera Millsp.


Chamaesyce glomerifera Millsp. = Chamaesyce hypericifolia (L.) Millsp.

Reference: FP 674: 16. 


$


 Chamaesyce hirta (L.) Millsp.



Chamaesyce hirta (L.) Millsp.

Synonyms: Chamaesyce hirta L., Chamaesyce hirta L., Chamaesyce hirta Lam.
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 19. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 7112 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Chamaesyce hypericifolia (L.) Millsp.



Chamaesyce hypericifolia (L.) Millsp.

Synonyms: Chamaesyce hypericifolia (Millsp.) Wheeler, Chamaesyce hypericifolia L., Chamaesyce hypericifolia Millsp., Chamaesyce hypericifolia Millsp., Chamaesyce hypericifolia Rusby
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 21. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: forests, riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 18642 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Loreto.


$


 Chamaesyce hyssopifolia (L.) Small



Chamaesyce hyssopifolia (L.) Small

Synonyms: Chamaesyce hyssopifolia (L.) Boiss., Chamaesyce hyssopifolia L., Chamaesyce hyssopifolia Lam.
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 23. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Barbour 4331 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Lima, Madre de Dios.


$


 Chamaesyce lasiocarpa (Klotzsch) Arthur



Chamaesyce lasiocarpa (Klotzsch) Arthur

Synonyms: Chamaesyce lasiocarpa Klotzsch


$


 Chamaesyce mauritiana Commerson


Chamaesyce mauritiana Commerson = Chamaesyce thymifolia (L.) Millsp.

Reference: FP 674: 31. 


$


 Chamaesyce meyeniana (Klotzsch) Croizat



Chamaesyce meyeniana (Klotzsch) Croizat

Synonyms: Chamaesyce meyeniana Klotzsch
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 24. 
Ecology: Native herb. . 
Voucher: Meyer s.n.* (DAV), Llatas 2198 (DAV)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Chamaesyce micromera (Boissier ex Engelmann) Wooton & Standl.


Chamaesyce micromera (Boissier ex Engelmann) Wooton & Standl. = ?  

Reference: FP 674: 25. 
Note: NN  


$


 Chamaesyce ophthalmica (Pers.) D.G. Burch



Chamaesyce ophthalmica (Pers.) D.G. Burch

Synonyms: Chamaesyce ophthalmica Pers.


$


 Chamaesyce serpens (Kunth) Small



Chamaesyce serpens (Kunth) Small

Synonyms: Chamaesyce serpens Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 29. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-III: grasslands. 1000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Smith et al. 9841 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Lima.


$


 Chamaesyce thymifolia (L.) Millsp.



Chamaesyce thymifolia (L.) Millsp.

Synonyms: Chamaesyce thymifolia Commerson, Chamaesyce thymifolia Haw., Chamaesyce thymifolia L., Chamaesyce thymifolia Lam.
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 31. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ayala 2151 (AMAZ, MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Chamaesyce trancapatae Croizat



Chamaesyce trancapatae Croizat

Synonyms: Chamaesyce trancapatae (Croizat) J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 31. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 1257* 
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac.


$


 Chamissoa acuminata Mart.



Chamissoa acuminata Mart.

$


 Chamissoa acuminata var.maximilianii (C. Martius ex Moquin) Sohmer



Chamissoa acuminata var. maximilianii (C. Martius ex Moquin) Sohmer

Synonyms: Chamissoa acuminata maximilianii C. Martius ex Moquin
Reference: Sohmer, S. H., 1977: 122. 
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 7363 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Chamissoa acuminata var.swansonii Sohmer



Chamissoa acuminata var. swansonii Sohmer

Reference: Eliasson, U., 1987: 19; Sohmer, S. H., 1977: 124. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: forests, shrublands. 0-500 m. 
Note: No voucher cited by Eliasson (1987).  
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Chamissoa altissima (Jacq.) Kunth



Chamissoa altissima (Jacq.) Kunth

$


 Chamissoa altissima (Jacq.) Kunth var.altissima



Chamissoa altissima (Jacq.) Kunth var. altissima 

Synonyms: Chamissoa altissima altissima (L.) Kuntze, Chamissoa altissima altissima Jacq., Chamissoa altissima altissima Kunth, Chamissoa altissima altissima L., Chamissoa altissima altissima Pavon ex Moquin, Chamissoa altissima altissima Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1255: 481; Sohmer, S. H., 1977: 116. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub, vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, riversides. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 25683 (F!), Weberbauer 6964 (MOL!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes.


$


 Chamissoa altissima var.rubella Suessenguth



Chamissoa altissima var. rubella Suessenguth

Reference: Sohmer, S. H., 1977: 119. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Belshaw s.n. (GH)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Chamissoa macrocarpa Kunth


Chamissoa macrocarpa Kunth = Chamissoa altissima (Jacq.) Kunth var. altissima 

Reference: FP 1255: 482; Sohmer, S. H., 1977: 116. 


$


 Chamissoa maximilianii C. Martius ex Moquin


Chamissoa maximilianii C. Martius ex Moquin = Chamissoa acuminata var. maximilianii (C. Martius ex Moquin) Sohmer

Reference: FP 1255: 482; Sohmer, S. H., 1977: 122. 


$


 Chaptalia callacallensis Cuatrec.



Chaptalia callacallensis Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1985: 5. 
Ecology. 3000-3500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 5589* (US!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Chaptalia cordata Hieron.



Chaptalia cordata Hieron.

Reference: Harling, G., 1991: 48. 
Ecology. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Dillon & Turner 1735 (USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Piura.


$


 Chaptalia cordata var. ferrugineotomentos Hieron.


Chaptalia cordata var. ferrugineotomentos Hieron. = Chaptalia rotundifolia Don

$


 Chaptalia integerrima (Vell.) Burkhart



Chaptalia integerrima (Vell.) Burkhart

Synonyms: Chaptalia integerrima Vell.
Reference: Burkart, A., 1944: 576. 
Ecology. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: King & Bishop 9282 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Chaptalia isernina Cuatrec.



Chaptalia isernina Cuatrec.

$


 Chaptalia malcabalensis Cuatrec.



Chaptalia malcabalensis Cuatrec.

$


 Chaptalia nutans (L.) Pol.



Chaptalia nutans (L.) Pol.

Synonyms: Chaptalia nutans L.
Reference: Harling, G., 1991: 53. 
Ecology. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 5066 (USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Chaptalia oblonga D. Don



Chaptalia oblonga D. Don

Synonyms: Chaptalia oblonga (D. Don) Hieron., Chaptalia oblonga D. Don, Chaptalia oblonga Hieron., Chaptalia oblonga Ruiz & Pav. ex D. Don, Chaptalia oblonga Ruiz & Pav. ex D. Don
Reference: Harling, G., 1991: 50. 
Ecology. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Andr&eacute; 4524 (F)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Chaptalia ovalis D. Don


Chaptalia ovalis D. Don = Chaptalia oblonga D. Don

Reference: Harling, G., 1991: 50. 


$


 Chaptalia rotundifolia Don



Chaptalia rotundifolia Don

Synonyms: Chaptalia rotundifolia Hieron.


$


 Chaptalia similis R.E. Fr.



Chaptalia similis R.E. Fr.

$


 Chascolytrum erectum (Lam.) Desv.



Chascolytrum erectum (Lam.) Desv.

Synonyms: Chascolytrum erectum (J. Presl) Steud., Chascolytrum erectum J. Presl, Chascolytrum erectum Lam.
Reference: Matthei, O., 1975: 69. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Chascolytrum rufum J. Presl


Chascolytrum rufum J. Presl = Poidium rufum (J. Presl) Matthei

Reference: Matthei, O., 1975: 98. 


$


 Chascolytrum subaristatum (Lam.) Desv.



Chascolytrum subaristatum (Lam.) Desv.

Synonyms: Chascolytrum subaristatum (J. Presl) Steud., Chascolytrum subaristatum (J. Presl) Steud., Chascolytrum subaristatum J. Presl, Chascolytrum subaristatum J. Presl, Chascolytrum subaristatum Lam.
Reference: Matthei, O., 1975: 79. 
Ecology: Native herb. . 
Note: In Peru only known from the type collection of Calotheca microstachya and Calotheca reniformis, but doubt has been expressed that the locality data is correct (Hitchcock, 1927: 335). 
Voucher: Haenke s.n. (PR)


$


 Chastenaea glandulosa (R. & P.) Naudin


Chastenaea glandulosa (R. & P.) Naudin = Axinaea glandulosa Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 761: 314. 


$


 Chastenaea grandifolia Naudin


Chastenaea grandifolia Naudin = Axinaea grandifolia (Naudin) Triana

Reference: FP 761: 314; Wurdack, J. J., 1973: 190. 


$


 Chastenaea lanceolata (R. & P.) Naudin


Chastenaea lanceolata (R. & P.) Naudin = Axinaea lanceolata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 761: 315. 


$


 Chastenaea longifolia Naudin


Chastenaea longifolia Naudin = Meriania longifolia (Naud.) Cogn.

Reference: FP 761: 309. 
Note: NN  


$


 Chastenaea macrophylla Naudin


Chastenaea macrophylla Naudin = Axinaea macrophylla (Naudin) Triana

Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 33. 


$


 Chastenaea merianiae DC.


Chastenaea merianiae DC. = Axinaea merianiae (DC.) Triana

Reference: FP 761: 315. 


$


 Chaubardia heteroclita (Poepp. & Endl.) Dodson & Bennett



Chaubardia heteroclita (Poepp. & Endl.) Dodson & Bennett

Synonyms: Chaubardia heteroclita (Poepp. & Endl.) Garay, Chaubardia heteroclita C. Schweinf., Chaubardia heteroclita Poepp. & Endl.
Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 23. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I: forests. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Barbour 5409 (MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Chaubardia klugii (C. Schweinf.) Garay



Chaubardia klugii (C. Schweinf.) Garay

Synonyms: Chaubardia klugii C. Schweinf.
Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 24. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & Jaramillo 57722 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Chaubardia surinamensis Rchb. f.



Chaubardia surinamensis Rchb. f.

Reference: Dodson, C. H. & P. M. de Dodson, 1989: 411. 
Ecology. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Pastorelli illus.  


$


 Chaubardia tigrina Garay & Dunst.


Chaubardia tigrina Garay & Dunst. = Chaubardiella tigrina (Garay & Dunst.) Garay

Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 26. 


$


 Chaubardiella calceolaris Garay


Chaubardiella calceolaris Garay = Stenia calceolaris (Garay) Dodson & Bennett

Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 180. 


$


 Chaubardiella hirtzii Dodson



Chaubardiella hirtzii Dodson

Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 25. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison 6004 (UC)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Chaubardiella tigrina (Garay & Dunst.) Garay



Chaubardiella tigrina (Garay & Dunst.) Garay

Synonyms: Chaubardiella tigrina Garay & Dunst.
Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 26. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Bennett 1142 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cheilanthes andina Hook.


Cheilanthes andina Hook. = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 96. 


$


 Cheilanthes borsigniana Rchb. f. & Warsz. ex W. Koch


Cheilanthes borsigniana Rchb. f. & Warsz. ex W. Koch = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 116. 


$


 Cheilanthes chlorophylla Sw.



Cheilanthes chlorophylla Sw.

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 98. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Soukup 806 (F!)


$


 Cheilanthes elegans Desv.


Cheilanthes elegans Desv. = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 90. 


$


 Cheilanthes farinosa (Forssk.) Kaulf.



Cheilanthes farinosa (Forssk.) Kaulf.

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 100. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Bryan 555 (F!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Cheilanthes fasciculata Goldm.


Cheilanthes fasciculata Goldm. = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 94. 


$


 Cheilanthes fractifera R.M. Tryon



Cheilanthes fractifera R.M. Tryon

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 96. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 1000-2000 m. 
Voucher: Saunders 219 (BM)


$


 Cheilanthes fraseri Mett. ex Kuhn


Cheilanthes fraseri Mett. ex Kuhn = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 114. 


$


 Cheilanthes hostilis Kunze


Cheilanthes hostilis Kunze = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 38. 


$


 Cheilanthes incarum Maxon



Cheilanthes incarum Maxon

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 93. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Tryon & Tryon 5343 (MO, USM)


$


 Cheilanthes macleanii Hook.


Cheilanthes macleanii Hook. = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 96. 


$


 Cheilanthes marginata Kunth



Cheilanthes marginata Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 103. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Tryon & Tryon 5401 (MO, USM)


$


 Cheilanthes mathewsii Kunze


Cheilanthes mathewsii Kunze = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 94. 


$


 Cheilanthes micromera Link


Cheilanthes micromera Link = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 97. 


$


 Cheilanthes moritziana Kunze



Cheilanthes moritziana Kunze

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 98. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 3921 (F!)


$


 Cheilanthes myriophylla Desv.



Cheilanthes myriophylla Desv.

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 90. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 1000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Tryon & Tryon 5363 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Piura, Puno.


$


 Cheilanthes notholaenoides (Desv.) Maxon ex Weath.



Cheilanthes notholaenoides (Desv.) Maxon ex Weath.

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 97. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 1242 (F!)


$


 Cheilanthes obducta Mett. ex Kuhn


Cheilanthes obducta Mett. ex Kuhn = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 111. 


$


 Cheilanthes obtusata Presl


Cheilanthes obtusata Presl = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 36. 


$


 Cheilanthes orbignyana Kuhn



Cheilanthes orbignyana Kuhn

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 102. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Sagastequi 2937 (GH)


$


 Cheilanthes ornatissima Maxon


Cheilanthes ornatissima Maxon = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 91. 


$


 Cheilanthes parallelogramma Kunze


Cheilanthes parallelogramma Kunze = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 35. 


$


 Cheilanthes pilosa Goldm.



Cheilanthes pilosa Goldm.

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 95. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Mexia 7783 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Puno.


$


 Cheilanthes poeppigiana Kuhn



Cheilanthes poeppigiana Kuhn

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 100. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Mexia 8085 (MO!)


$


 Cheilanthes radiata (L.) J. Sm.



Cheilanthes radiata (L.) J. Sm.

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 99. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Klug 4170 (MO!, USM)


$


 Cheilanthes rufopunctata Rosenst.



Cheilanthes rufopunctata Rosenst.

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 103. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 5007 (MO!)


$


 Cheilanthes saundersii Alston


Cheilanthes saundersii Alston = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 96. 


$


 Cheilanthes scariosa (Sw.) C. Presl



Cheilanthes scariosa (Sw.) C. Presl

Reference: Flora Peru: 7300: 91. 
Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Tryon & Tryon 5457 (MO, USM)


$


 Cheilanthes squamosa Hook. & Grev.


Cheilanthes squamosa Hook. & Grev. = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 108. 


$


 Cheilanthes tripinnata Copel.


Cheilanthes tripinnata Copel. = ?  

Reference: FP 7300: 91. 


$


 Cheiloclinium anomalum Miers



Cheiloclinium anomalum Miers

Synonyms: Cheiloclinium anomalum (Miers) Peyritsch
Reference: Flora Peru: 689: 202; Roosmalen, M. G. M. van, 1985: 76. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas, terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez 5019 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.


$


 Cheiloclinium articulatum (A.C. Sm.) A.C. Sm.



Cheiloclinium articulatum (A.C. Sm.) A.C. Sm.

Synonyms: Cheiloclinium articulatum A.C. Sm.
Reference: Smith, A. C., 1940: 534. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: van der Werff et al. 10064 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Cheiloclinium cognatum (Miers) A.C. Sm.



Cheiloclinium cognatum (Miers) A.C. Sm.

Synonyms: Cheiloclinium cognatum Miers
Reference: Flora Peru: 689: 203; Dodson, C.H. & Robyns, A., 1965: 84; Roosmalen, M. G. M. van, 1985: 76. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 3851 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Cheiloclinium hippocrateoides (Peyritsch) A.C. Sm.



Cheiloclinium hippocrateoides (Peyritsch) A.C. Sm.

Synonyms: Cheiloclinium hippocrateoides Peyritsch
Reference: Flora Peru: 689: 203; Roosmalen, M. G. M. van, 1985: 76. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests on white sand, terra firme forests. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 4073 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Cheiloclinium klugii A.C. Sm.



Cheiloclinium klugii A.C. Sm.

Reference: Flora Peru: 689: 204. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: forests on white sand, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 3689* (NY), V&aacute;squez et al. 7376A (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cheiloclinium krukovii (A. C. Smith) A.C. Sm.



Cheiloclinium krukovii (A. C. Smith) A.C. Sm.

Synonyms: Cheiloclinium krukovii A.C. Sm.
Reference: Smith, A. C., 1940: 544. 
Ecology: Native liana. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry 36061 (MO)
Departments: Pasco.


$


 Cheiloclinium lineolatum (A. C. Smith) A.C. Sm.



Cheiloclinium lineolatum (A. C. Smith) A.C. Sm.

Synonyms: Cheiloclinium lineolatum A.C. Sm.
Reference: Smith, A. C., 1940: 533; Roosmalen, M. G. M. van, 1985: 76. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Croat 18465 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Ucayali.


$


 Cheiloclinium obtusum A.C. Sm.



Cheiloclinium obtusum A.C. Sm.

Reference: Flora Peru: 689: 204. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Klug 381* (NY)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Cheiloclinium pendunculatum (A.C. Sm.) A.C. Sm.



Cheiloclinium pendunculatum (A.C. Sm.) A.C. Sm.

Synonyms: Cheiloclinium pendunculatum A.C. Sm.
Reference: Smith, A. C., 1940: 538. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry 18577 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Cheiranthus incanus L.


Cheiranthus incanus L. = Matthiola incana (L.) R. Br.

$


 Cheiroglossa palmata (L.) C. Presl


Cheiroglossa palmata (L.) C. Presl = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 9. 


$


 Chelidonium majus L.



Chelidonium majus L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 612: 934. 
Note: Not reconfirmed. ;  introduced native of the Old World. 


$


 Chelonanthus acutangulus (R. & P.) Gilg


Chelonanthus acutangulus (R. & P.) Gilg = Irlbachia alata (Aubl.) Maas subsp. alata 

Reference: FP 1342: 280. 


$


 Chelonanthus alatus (Aubl.) Pulle


Chelonanthus alatus (Aubl.) Pulle = Irlbachia alata (Aubl.) Maas subsp. alata 

Reference: FP 1342: 280; Weaver Jr., R. E., 1972: 302. 


$


 Chelonanthus camporum Gilg


Chelonanthus camporum Gilg = Irlbachia alata subsp. angustifolia (Kunth) Pers. & Maas

Reference: FP 1342: 283; Maas, pers. comm.. 


$


 Chelonanthus chelonoides Gilg


Chelonanthus chelonoides Gilg = Irlbachia alata (Aubl.) Maas subsp. alata 

Reference: FP 1342: 283; Weaver Jr., R. E., 1972: 304. 


$


 Chelonanthus leucanthus Gilg



Chelonanthus leucanthus Gilg

Reference: Flora Peru: 1342: 286; Maas, pers. comm.. 


$


 Chelonanthus uliginosus (Griseb.) Gilg


Chelonanthus uliginosus (Griseb.) Gilg = Irlbachia purpurascens (Aubl.) Maas

Reference: FP 1342: 291; Weaver Jr., R. E., 1972: 309; van Heusden, E. C. H., 1986: 49. 


$


 Chelyocarpus repens F. Kahn & K. Mejia



Chelyocarpus repens F. Kahn & K. Mejia

Reference: Kahn, F. & K. Mejia, 1988: 69. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Plowman et al. 6772* (BH), Kahn & Mej&iacute;a 1973 (NY!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Chelyocarpus ulei Dammer



Chelyocarpus ulei Dammer

Synonyms: Chelyocarpus ulei Burret
Reference: Flora Peru: 39695: 331; Moore Jr., H. E., 1972: 76. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Note:   
Voucher: Moore et al. 8379 (BH, USM)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Chenopodium album L.



Chenopodium album L.

Reference: Gutte, G, K. M&uuml;ller & C. M&uuml;ller, 1986: 190. 
Ecology: herb. Andean I-III, Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-4000 m. 
Voucher: Aranjo C. s.n. (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Chenopodium ambrosioides subsp.chilense (Schrad.) Aellen



Chenopodium ambrosioides subsp. chilense (Schrad.) Aellen

Synonyms: Chenopodium ambrosioides chilense Schrad., Chenopodium ambrosioides chilense Standl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1253: 472. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Chenopodium ambrosioides var.ambrosioides L.



Chenopodium ambrosioides var. ambrosioides L.

Synonyms: Chenopodium ambrosioides ambrosioides L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1253: 471. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-III, Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-4000 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 1228 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lambayeque, Lima, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Chenopodium anthelminticum L.


Chenopodium anthelminticum L. = Chenopodium ambrosioides var. ambrosioides L.

Reference: FP 1253: 471. 


$


 Chenopodium canihua Cook


Chenopodium canihua Cook = Chenopodium quinoa Willd.

Reference: FP 1253: 475. 


$


 Chenopodium caudatum Jacq.


Chenopodium caudatum Jacq. = Amaranthus viridis L.

Reference: FP 1255: 486. 


$


 Chenopodium chilense Schrad.


Chenopodium chilense Schrad. = Chenopodium ambrosioides subsp. chilense (Schrad.) Aellen

Reference: FP 1253: 472. 


$


 Chenopodium cinereum Moq.


Chenopodium cinereum Moq. = Atriplex peruviana Moq.

Reference: FP 1253: 476. 


$


 Chenopodium hircinum Schrad.



Chenopodium hircinum Schrad.

Synonyms: Chenopodium hircinum Aellen
Reference: Flora Peru: 1253: 472. 
Ecology: Native herb. Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui 7832 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, La Libertad.


$


 Chenopodium hircinum var. andinum Aellen


Chenopodium hircinum var. andinum Aellen = Chenopodium hircinum Schrad.

Reference: FP 1253: 472. 
Note: subsp. en-hircinum Aellen var. andinum Aellen  


$


 Chenopodium incisum fo. rotundifolium Aellen


Chenopodium incisum fo. rotundifolium Aellen = Chenopodium incisum Poir.

Reference: FP 1253: 473. 
Note: var. bangii Murr fo. rotundifolium Aellen  


$


 Chenopodium incisum Poir.



Chenopodium incisum Poir.

Synonyms: Chenopodium incisum Aellen
Reference: Flora Peru: 1253: 473. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 13128 
Departments: Arequipa, Cajamarca.


$


 Chenopodium macrospermum Hook. f.



Chenopodium macrospermum Hook. f.

Reference: Gutte, G, K. M&uuml;ller & C. M&uuml;ller, 1986: 191. 
Ecology. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Gutte & M&uuml;ller 9470 (LZ, USM)
Departments: Cuzco, Lima.


$


 Chenopodium multifidum L.



Chenopodium multifidum L.

Synonyms: Chenopodium multifidum (L.) Moq.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1253: 473. 
Ecology: Native herb. Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Llatas 841 (MO!)
Departments: Lambayeque.


$


 Chenopodium murale L.



Chenopodium murale L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1253: 474. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 668 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima.


$


 Chenopodium nuttalliae Safford


Chenopodium nuttalliae Safford = Chenopodium quinoa Willd.

Reference: FP 1253: 475. 


$


 Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen



Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen

Reference: Flora Peru: 1253: 474; Hunziker, A. T., 1952: 40. 
Ecology. 0-4000 m. 
Voucher: Cook & Gilbert 161* , Vargas 228 
Departments: Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Puno.


$


 Chenopodium paniculatum Hook.


Chenopodium paniculatum Hook. = Chenopodium petiolare Kunth

Reference: FP 1253: 474. 


$


 Chenopodium paniculatum var. incanum Murr.


Chenopodium paniculatum var. incanum Murr. = Chenopodium petiolare Kunth

Reference: FP 1253: 474. 


$


 Chenopodium paniculatum var. reniforme Murr


Chenopodium paniculatum var. reniforme Murr = Chenopodium petiolare Kunth

Reference: FP 1253: 474. 


$


 Chenopodium petiolare fo. hastatum (Phil.) Aellen


Chenopodium petiolare fo. hastatum (Phil.) Aellen = Chenopodium petiolare Kunth

Reference: FP 1253: 474. 


$


 Chenopodium petiolare fo. hookeri Aellen


Chenopodium petiolare fo. hookeri Aellen = Chenopodium petiolare Kunth

Reference: FP 1253: 474. 


$


 Chenopodium petiolare fo. incanum Aellen


Chenopodium petiolare fo. incanum Aellen = Chenopodium petiolare Kunth

Reference: FP 1253: 474. 


$


 Chenopodium petiolare fo. reniforme Aellen


Chenopodium petiolare fo. reniforme Aellen = Chenopodium petiolare Kunth

Reference: FP 1253: 475. 


$


 Chenopodium petiolare fo. scutatum Aellen


Chenopodium petiolare fo. scutatum Aellen = Chenopodium petiolare Kunth

Reference: FP 1253: 474. 


$


 Chenopodium petiolare fo. trilobum Aellen


Chenopodium petiolare fo. trilobum Aellen = Chenopodium petiolare Kunth

Reference: FP 1253: 475. 


$


 Chenopodium petiolare Kunth



Chenopodium petiolare Kunth

Synonyms: Chenopodium petiolare (Phil.) Aellen, Chenopodium petiolare Aellen, Chenopodium petiolare Aellen, Chenopodium petiolare Aellen, Chenopodium petiolare Aellen, Chenopodium petiolare Aellen, Chenopodium petiolare Hook., Chenopodium petiolare Murr, Chenopodium petiolare Murr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1253: 474. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-III, Coastal: desert, disturbed areas, lomas, riversides, rocky slopes. 0-4000 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui & Mostacero 10450 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Moquegua, Tacna.


$


 Chenopodium purpurascens Jacq.



Chenopodium purpurascens Jacq.

$


 Chenopodium purpurascens var. punctulatum Moq. in A. DC.


Chenopodium purpurascens var. punctulatum Moq. in A. DC. = Chenopodium quinoa Willd.

Reference: FP 1253: 475. 


$


 Chenopodium quinoa fo. purpureum Aellen


Chenopodium quinoa fo. purpureum Aellen = Chenopodium quinoa Willd.

Reference: FP 1253: 475. 


$


 Chenopodium quinoa Willd.



Chenopodium quinoa Willd.

Synonyms: Chenopodium quinoa Aellen, Chenopodium quinoa Cook, Chenopodium quinoa Moq. in A. DC., Chenopodium quinoa Safford
Reference: Flora Peru: 1253: 476. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb. Andean I-III, Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-4000 m. 
Voucher: Brunel 942 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad, Puno.


$


 Chenopodium vagans Standl.


Chenopodium vagans Standl. = Chenopodium ambrosioides subsp. chilense (Schrad.) Aellen

Reference: FP 1253: 472. 


$


 Cherleria bisulca Bartl.


Cherleria bisulca Bartl. = Arenaria bisulca (Bartl.) Rohrbach

Reference: FP 1267: 597. 


$


 Cherleria laevis Bartl.


Cherleria laevis Bartl. = Stellaria laevis (Bartl.) Rohrbach

Reference: FP 1267: 609. 


$


 Cherleria nitida Bartl.


Cherleria nitida Bartl. = Arenaria nitida (Bartl.) Rohrbach

Reference: FP 1267: 601. 


$


 Chersodoma antennaria (Wedd.) Cabrera



Chersodoma antennaria (Wedd.) Cabrera

Synonyms: Chersodoma antennaria Wedd.
Reference: Cabrera, A. L., 1946: 352. 
Ecology.  > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 10074 (F)
Departments: Cuzco, Puno.


$


 Chersodoma arequipensis (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.



Chersodoma arequipensis (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.

Synonyms: Chersodoma arequipensis Cuatrec., Chersodoma arequipensis Ricardi & Marticorena
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1960: 185. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Hindley & Hinkley 55* (US), Pennell 13201 (F)
Departments: Arequipa.


$


 Chersodoma diclina (Wedd.) Cabrera



Chersodoma diclina (Wedd.) Cabrera

Synonyms: Chersodoma diclina Wedd.
Reference: Cabrera, A. L., 1946: 353. 
Ecology. 3500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Smith & Valencia 9968 (MO)
Departments: Ancash, Lima.


$


 Chersodoma jodopappa (Sch. Bip.) Cabrera



Chersodoma jodopappa (Sch. Bip.) Cabrera

Synonyms: Chersodoma jodopappa Sch. Bip.
Reference: Cabrera, A. L., 1946: 350. 
Ecology. 3000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Dillon et al. 3282 (F)
Departments: Arequipa.


$


 Chersodoma juanisernii (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.



Chersodoma juanisernii (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.

Synonyms: Chersodoma juanisernii Cuatrec., Chersodoma juanisernii Cuatrec.
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1960: 183. 
Ecology. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 232 (F)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Chersodoma longipedicellata Ricardi & Marticorena


Chersodoma longipedicellata Ricardi & Marticorena = Chersodoma arequipensis (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.

Reference: Ricardi, M. & C. Marticorena, 1964: 3. 


$


 Chersodoma ovopedata (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.



Chersodoma ovopedata (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.

Synonyms: Chersodoma ovopedata Cuatrec.
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1960: 185. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: shrublands.  > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 1095* (F)
Departments: Ancash, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Chevaliera fernandae (E. Morren) L.B. Sm. & W.J. Kress


Chevaliera fernandae (E. Morren) L.B. Sm. & W.J. Kress = Aechmea fernandae (E. Morren) Baker

Reference: Smith, L. B. & W. J. Kress, 1989: 78. 


$


 Chevaliera strobilacea (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. & W.J. Kress


Chevaliera strobilacea (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. & W.J. Kress = Aechmea strobilacea L.B. Sm.

Reference: Smith, L. B. & W. J. Kress, 1989: 78. 


$


 Chevaliera veitchii (Baker) E. Morren


Chevaliera veitchii (Baker) E. Morren = Aechmea veitchii Baker

Reference: FP 1179: 591; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1936. 


$


 Chevreulia acuminata Less.



Chevreulia acuminata Less.

Synonyms: Chevreulia acuminata Hook. & Arn., Chevreulia acuminata Wedd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 27926: 22. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: shrublands. 1500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 1723 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Chevreulia filiformis Hook. & Arn.


Chevreulia filiformis Hook. & Arn. = Chevreulia acuminata Less.

Reference: FP 27926: 22. 


$


 Chevreulia longipes Wedd.


Chevreulia longipes Wedd. = Chevreulia acuminata Less.

Reference: FP 27926: 22. 


$


 Chiloporus andinus Naudin


Chiloporus andinus Naudin = Miconia latifolia (D. Don) Naudin

Reference: FP 761: 384; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 274. 


$


 Chimarrhis dioica K. Schum. & Krause


Chimarrhis dioica K. Schum. & Krause = Dioicodendron dioicum (K. Schum. & Krause) Steyerm.

Reference: FP 1365: 57; Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 253. 


$


 Chimarrhis hookeri K. Schum.



Chimarrhis hookeri K. Schum.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 58. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Note: Probably a synonym of C. glabriflora Ducke of Brazil. 
Voucher: Spruce 4930* (C photo F!), Hartshorn 1687 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Chimarrhis pisoniiformis Baillon ex Schumann


Chimarrhis pisoniiformis Baillon ex Schumann = Simira pisoniiformis (Baill.) Steyerm.

Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 343. 


$


 Chimarrhis pittieri Standl.


Chimarrhis pittieri Standl. = Bathysa pittieri (Standl.) Steyerm.

Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 405. 


$


 Chimarrhis turbinata DC.



Chimarrhis turbinata DC.

Synonyms: Chimarrhis turbinata (DC.) Ducke
Reference: Candolle, A. P. de, 1830: 404. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Arevalo 8969 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Chimarrhis williamsii Standl.



Chimarrhis williamsii Standl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 58. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Williams 409* (F), Schunke 10653 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Chiococca alba (L.) Hitchc.



Chiococca alba (L.) Hitchc.

Synonyms: Chiococca alba L., Chiococca alba L., Chiococca alba M&uuml;ll. Arg., Chiococca alba Martius, Chiococca alba Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 123; Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 882. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 39793 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Chiococca anguifuga Martius


Chiococca anguifuga Martius = Chiococca alba (L.) Hitchc.

Reference: FP 1365: 123; Standley, P. C., 1931: 411. 


$


 Chiococca brachiata Ruiz & Pav.


Chiococca brachiata Ruiz & Pav. = Chiococca alba (L.) Hitchc.

Reference: FP 1365: 123; Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 884. 


$


 Chiococca brachiata var. grandifolia M&uuml;ll. Arg.


Chiococca brachiata var. grandifolia M&uuml;ll. Arg. = Chiococca alba (L.) Hitchc.

Reference: FP 1365: 123. 


$


 Chiococca racemosa L.


Chiococca racemosa L. = Chiococca alba (L.) Hitchc.

Reference: FP 1365: 123; Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 884. 


$


 Chionanthus confertus Stahl



Chionanthus confertus Stahl

Reference: St&aring;hl, B., 1991: 51. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 698 (US)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Chionanthus pubescens Kunth



Chionanthus pubescens Kunth

Synonyms: Chionanthus pubescens (Kunth) Eichler
Reference: Flora Peru: 1340: 237; St&aring;hl, B., 1991: 49. 
Ecology: Native tree. Andean II: dry valleys. 1500-2000 m. 
Note: Treated under Linociera pubescens in the Flora of Peru.  
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 6718 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca.


$


 Chionanthus wurdackii Stahl



Chionanthus wurdackii Stahl

Reference: St&aring;hl, B., 1991: 53. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Wurdack 2264* (MO)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Chionopappus benthamii S.F. Blake



Chionopappus benthamii S.F. Blake

Reference: Blake, S. F., 1935: 492; Robinson, H., 1983: 27. 
Ecology: Native subshrub. Andean II, Coastal: lomas, rocky slopes. 500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Cuming 996* (K photo US), Smith & Buddensiek 10935 (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Chiropetalum pavonianum (Muell. Arg.) Pax



Chiropetalum pavonianum (Muell. Arg.) Pax

Synonyms: Chiropetalum pavonianum M&uuml;ll. Arg.
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 94. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   The type, Ruiz & Pavon s.n., is questionably from Peru. 


$


 Chiropetalum peruvianum A. Juss.


Chiropetalum peruvianum A. Juss. = Chiropetalum quinquecuspidatum (Jussieu) Pax & K. Hoffm.

Reference: FP 674: 95. 


$


 Chiropetalum quinquecuspidatum (Jussieu) Pax & K. Hoffm.



Chiropetalum quinquecuspidatum (Jussieu) Pax & K. Hoffm.

Synonyms: Chiropetalum quinquecuspidatum (Jussieu) M&uuml;ll. Arg., Chiropetalum quinquecuspidatum A. Juss., Chiropetalum quinquecuspidatum Jussieu
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 95. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* 


$


 Chiropetalum ruizianum (Muell. Arg.) Pax & K. Hoffm.


Chiropetalum ruizianum (Muell. Arg.) Pax & K. Hoffm. = ?  

Reference: FP 674: 95; Webster, pers. comm.. 


$


 Chitonia aurea D. Don


Chitonia aurea D. Don = Miconia aurea (D. Don) Naudin

Reference: FP 761: 387; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 139. 


$


 Chitonia bubalina D. Don


Chitonia bubalina D. Don = Miconia bubalina (D. Don) Naudin

Reference: FP 761: 391; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 146. 


$


 Chitonia caudata D. Don


Chitonia caudata D. Don = Miconia donaeana Naudin

Reference: FP 761: 406. 


$


 Chitonia macrophylla D. Don


Chitonia macrophylla D. Don = Miconia serrulata (DC.) Naudin

Reference: FP 761: 453. 


$


 Chlidanthus fragrans Herbert



Chlidanthus fragrans Herbert

Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 669. 
Ecology. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Herrera 3039 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Tacna.


$


 Chloraea densipapillosa C. Schweinf.



Chloraea densipapillosa C. Schweinf.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 36; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: dry valleys, rocky slopes, shrublands. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 754* (GH), Ch&aacute;vez 3251 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac.


$


 Chloraea laxiflora Hauman



Chloraea laxiflora Hauman

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Chloraea multilineolata C. Schweinf.



Chloraea multilineolata C. Schweinf.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 37 ; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 9793* (F), Sag&aacute;stegui & Leiva 12539 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Chloraea peruviana Kraenzl.


Chloraea peruviana Kraenzl. = Chloraea undulata Raimondi ex Colunga

Reference: FP 1438: 38; 1510: 2; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Chloraea reticulata Schltr.



Chloraea reticulata Schltr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 38; Franquemont, C., T. Plowman, E. Franquemont, S. R. King, C. Niezgoda, W. Davis & C. R. Sperling, 1990: 87; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Chloraea septentrionalis Correa



Chloraea septentrionalis Correa

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Chloraea undulata Raimondi ex Colunga



Chloraea undulata Raimondi ex Colunga

Synonyms: Chloraea undulata Kraenzl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1510: 2; Franquemont, C., T. Plowman, E. Franquemont, S. R. King, C. Niezgoda, W. Davis & C. R. Sperling, 1990: 88; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: rocky slopes. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Pastorelli illus.  
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Chloraea venosa Rchb. f.



Chloraea venosa Rchb. f.

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Chloris barbata (L.) Sw.



Chloris barbata (L.) Sw.

Synonyms: Chloris barbata (L.) Sw., Chloris barbata C.D. Adams, Chloris barbata L., Chloris barbata L.
Reference: Fosberg, F. R., 1976: 178. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Barbour 4235 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Chloris beyrichiana Kunth


Chloris beyrichiana Kunth = Chloris pycnothrix Trin.

Reference: FP 719: 192; Anderson, D. E., 1974: 114. 


$


 Chloris crinita Lag.


Chloris crinita Lag. = Trichloris crinita (Lag.) Parodi

Reference: Tovar, O., 1981: 108. 


$


 Chloris curtipendula Michx.


Chloris curtipendula Michx. = Bouteloua curtipendula (Michx.) Torr.

Reference: FP 719: 194; Gould, F. W., 1979: 374. 


$


 Chloris dandyana C.D. Adams


Chloris dandyana C.D. Adams = Chloris barbata (L.) Sw.

Note: nom. illeg. superfl.  


$


 Chloris distichophylla Lag.


Chloris distichophylla Lag. = Eustachys distichophylla (Lag.) Nees

Reference: FP 719: 192; Anderson, D. E., 1974: 128. 


$


 Chloris elegans Kunth


Chloris elegans Kunth = Chloris virgata Sw.

Reference: FP 719: 193; Anderson, D. E., 1974: 60. 


$


 Chloris foliosa Willd.


Chloris foliosa Willd. = Gymnopogon foliosus (Willd.) Nees

Reference: FP 719: 191. 


$


 Chloris gayana Kunth



Chloris gayana Kunth

Reference: Tovar, O., 1981: 108. 
Ecology: Introduced herb. Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 1045 (USM!)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Chloris halophila Parodi



Chloris halophila Parodi

$


 Chloris halophila var.halophila



Chloris halophila var. halophila 

Reference: Anderson, D. E., 1974: 117. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: grasslands. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Peyton & Peyton 221 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad.


$


 Chloris halophila var.humilis Christa M&uuml;ller



Chloris halophila var. humilis Christa M&uuml;ller

Reference: Mueller, C. , 1983: 628. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Mueller & Mueller 2634* (LZ, SMF), Hitchcock 22552 (NY)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huancavelica.


$


 Chloris mollis (Nees) Swallen


Chloris mollis (Nees) Swallen = Enteropogon mollis (Nees) Clayton

Reference: Renvoize, S. A., 1984: 90; Tovar, O., 1986: 51. 


$


 Chloris paytensis Steud.


Chloris paytensis Steud. = Eustachys distichophylla (Lag.) Nees

Reference: FP 719: 192; Anderson, D. E., 1974: 128. 


$


 Chloris pluriflora (E. Fourn.) Clayton


Chloris pluriflora (E. Fourn.) Clayton = Trichloris pluriflora E. Fourn.

Reference: Anderson, D. E., 1974: 89; Clayton, W. D., 1982: 418. 


$


 Chloris polydactyla (L.) Sw.


Chloris polydactyla (L.) Sw. = Chloris barbata (L.) Sw.

Reference: FP 719: 192; Fosberg, F. R., 1976: 178. 


$


 Chloris pubescens Lag.


Chloris pubescens Lag. = Chloris virgata Sw.

Reference: FP 719: 193; Anderson, D. E., 1974: 60. 


$


 Chloris pycnothrix Trin.



Chloris pycnothrix Trin.

Synonyms: Chloris pycnothrix Kunth
Reference: Anderson, D. E., 1974: 114. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: disturbed areas. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: S&aacute;nchez 2384 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Chloris radiata (L.) Sw.



Chloris radiata (L.) Sw.

Synonyms: Chloris radiata L., Chloris radiata Steud. ex Lechler
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 192; Anderson, D. E., 1974: 110. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Coastal: disturbed areas, forests on white sand, lomas, riversides. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 26930 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, La Libertad, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Piura, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Chloris tacnensis Steud. ex Lechler


Chloris tacnensis Steud. ex Lechler = Chloris radiata (L.) Sw.

Reference: Anderson, D. E., 1974: 110. 


$


 Chloris virgata Sw.



Chloris virgata Sw.

Synonyms: Chloris virgata Kunth, Chloris virgata Lag.
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 193; Anderson, D. E., 1974: 60. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II, Coastal: lomas, rocky slopes. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & D&iacute;az 58169 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Piura, Tumbes.


$


 Chlorophora brasiliensis (Mart.) Standl. ex J.F. Macbr.


Chlorophora brasiliensis (Mart.) Standl. ex J.F. Macbr. = Maclura brasiliensis (Mart.) Endl.

Reference: FP 1233: 310; Kaastra, R. C., 1973: 71. 


$


 Chlorophora tinctoria (L.) Gaudich. ex Benth. & Hook. f.


Chlorophora tinctoria (L.) Gaudich. ex Benth. & Hook. f. = Maclura tinctoria (L.) Steud. subsp. tinctoria 

Reference: FP 1233: 310; Kaastra, R. C., 1972: 659; Berg, C. C., 1986: 244. 


$


 Chlorophytum schidospermum Baker



Chlorophytum schidospermum Baker

Reference: Flora Peru: 1187: 622; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1974: 208. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: rocky slopes. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Lechler 2382* (G), Mathias & Taylor 5042 (USM!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Chodanthus puberulus Seibert


Chodanthus puberulus Seibert = Anemopaegma puberulum (Seibert) Miranda

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1977: 28. 


$


 Chomelia albicaulis (Rusby) Steyerm.



Chomelia albicaulis (Rusby) Steyerm.

Synonyms: Chomelia albicaulis (Rusby) Standl., Chomelia albicaulis Rusby
Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1967: 340. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Note: All Peruvian specimens seen are sterile transect vouchers. 
Voucher: Gentry & Smith 45046 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Chomelia apodantha (Standl.) Steyerm.



Chomelia apodantha (Standl.) Steyerm.

Synonyms: Chomelia apodantha Standl.
Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1967: 340. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, disturbed areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 7860 (MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Chomelia barbellata Standl.



Chomelia barbellata Standl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 120. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests, seasonally inundated areas, swamps. 0-500 m. 
Note: Probably a synonym of C. brasiliana A. Richard. 
Voucher: Klug 3920* (F), Croat 20171 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$



$



$


 Chomelia klugii (Standl.) Steyerm.



Chomelia klugii (Standl.) Steyerm.

Synonyms: Chomelia klugii Standl.


$


 Chomelia malaneoides M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Chomelia malaneoides M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Synonyms: Chomelia malaneoides Standl.
Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 861. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub, tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 10214 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$



$


 Chomelia paniculata (Bartl. ex DC.) Steyerm.



Chomelia paniculata (Bartl. ex DC.) Steyerm.

Synonyms: Chomelia paniculata (Bartl. ex DC.) Poepp., Chomelia paniculata (Bartl. ex DC.) Standl., Chomelia paniculata Bartl. ex DC.
Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1967: 341. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree, liana. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (PR), Klug 2762 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Chomelia peruviana (Standl.) Steyerm.



Chomelia peruviana (Standl.) Steyerm.

Synonyms: Chomelia peruviana Standl.
Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1967: 341. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Tessmann 3481* (B), Woytkowski 6270 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$



$


 Chomelia sessilis M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Chomelia sessilis M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Synonyms: Chomelia sessilis (M&uuml;ll. Arg.) Standl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 122. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ule 9860 (B)
Departments: Madre de Dios.


$


 Chomelia unguis-cati Standl.


Chomelia unguis-cati Standl. = Chomelia malaneoides M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: FP 1365: 120; Steyermark, J. A., 1967: 339. 


$


 Chondrodendron candicans (Rich. ex DC.) Sandwith


Chondrodendron candicans (Rich. ex DC.) Sandwith = Curarea candicans (Rich. ex DC.) Barneby & Krukoff

Reference: FP 1274: 686; Barneby, R. C. & B. A. Krukoff, 1971: 12. 
Note: NN  


$


 Chondrodendron convolvulaceum Poepp.


Chondrodendron convolvulaceum Poepp. = Disciphania convolvulacea (Poepp.) Diels

Reference: FP 1274: 691; Barneby, R. C., 1970: 156. 


$


 Chondrodendron cretosum Miers


Chondrodendron cretosum Miers = Chondrodendron tomentosum Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1274: 687; Krukoff, B. A. & H. N. Moldenke, 1938: 16. 


$


 Chondrodendron iquitanum Diels


Chondrodendron iquitanum Diels = Curarea toxicofera (Wedd.) Barneby & Krukoff

Reference: FP 1274: 686; Barneby, R. C. & B. A. Krukoff, 1971: 9. 


$


 Chondrodendron polyanthum Diels


Chondrodendron polyanthum Diels = Curarea toxicofera (Wedd.) Barneby & Krukoff

Reference: FP 1274: 687; Barneby, R. C. & B. A. Krukoff, 1971: 9. 


$


 Chondrodendron tomentosum Ruiz & Pav.



Chondrodendron tomentosum Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Chondrodendron tomentosum (R. & P.) Pers., Chondrodendron tomentosum DC., Chondrodendron tomentosum Eichl., Chondrodendron tomentosum Miers
Reference: Flora Peru: 1274: 687; Krukoff, B. A. & H. N. Moldenke, 1938: 16. 
Ecology. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n 34110* (F!), Killip & Smith 28885 (NY!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Chondrodendron toxicoferum (Wedd.) Kruk. & Mold.


Chondrodendron toxicoferum (Wedd.) Kruk. & Mold. = Curarea toxicofera (Wedd.) Barneby & Krukoff

Reference: Barneby, R. C. & B. A. Krukoff, 1971: 9. 


$


 Chondrorhyncha amazonica (Reichenbach f. & Warscewicz) A.D. Hawkes


Chondrorhyncha amazonica (Reichenbach f. & Warscewicz) A.D. Hawkes = Cochleanthes amazonica (Rchb. f. & Warsz.) R.E. Schult. & Garay

Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 30. 


$


 Chondrorhyncha aurantiaca Senghas & Gerlach



Chondrorhyncha aurantiaca Senghas & Gerlach

Reference: Senghas, K. & G. Gerlach, 1991: 282. 
Ecology. 500-1500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Wurstle & Arias-Silva s.n.* (HEID)


$


 Chondrorhyncha caudata Ackerman


Chondrorhyncha caudata Ackerman = Stenia caudata (Ackerman) Dodson & Bennett

Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 181. 


$


 Chondrorhyncha fimbriata (Linden & Reichenbach f.) Rchb. f.



Chondrorhyncha fimbriata (Linden & Reichenbach f.) Rchb. f.

Synonyms: Chondrorhyncha fimbriata (Linden & Reichenbach f. ex Reichenbach f.) Garay, Chondrorhyncha fimbriata Linden & Reichenbach f., Chondrorhyncha fimbriata Linden & Reichenbach f. ex Reichenbach f.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 665; 1510: 59; Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 27. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. . 
Voucher: Bennett 4313 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Chondrorhyncha flaveola (Linden & Reichenbach f. ex Reichenbach f.) Garay


Chondrorhyncha flaveola (Linden & Reichenbach f. ex Reichenbach f.) Garay = Chondrorhyncha fimbriata (Linden & Reichenbach f.) Rchb. f.

Reference: FP 1510: 59; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Chondrorhyncha guttata (Rchb. f.) Garay


Chondrorhyncha guttata (Rchb. f.) Garay = Stenia guttata Rchb. f.

Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 182. 


$


 Chondrorhyncha lojae (Schlechter) C. Schweinf.


Chondrorhyncha lojae (Schlechter) C. Schweinf. = Kefersteinia lojae Schltr.

Reference: FP 1473: 665; 1510: 58; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Chondrorhyncha pusilla C. Schweinf.


Chondrorhyncha pusilla C. Schweinf. = Kefersteinia pusilla (C. Schweinf.) C. Schweinf.

Reference: FP 1473: 666; 1510: 59. 


$


 Chondrosum simplex (Lag.) Kunth



Chondrosum simplex (Lag.) Kunth

Synonyms: Chondrosum simplex Lag.
Reference: Clayton, W. D., 1982: 417; Tovar, O., 1957: 83. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands, shrublands. 1500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Lagasca s.n.* (MA), N&uacute;&ntilde;ez & Delgado 7936 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Moquegua, Puno.


$


 Chorisia insignis Kunth


Chorisia insignis Kunth = Ceiba insignis (Kunth) Gibbs & Semir

Reference: FP 1303: 606; Gibbs, P. E., J. Semir & N. D. da Cruz, 1988: 134. 


$


 Chorisia integrifolia Ulbrich



Chorisia integrifolia Ulbrich

Reference: Flora Peru: 1303: 606. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6195* 
Departments: Cajamarca, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Christannia salicifolia C. Presl


Christannia salicifolia C. Presl = Pineda incana Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 732: 29; Sleumer, H., 1980: 114. 


$


 Chromolaena anachoretica (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Chromolaena anachoretica (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Chromolaena anachoretica B. Robinson
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 385, 493. 
Ecology. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Mostacero 960 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Chromolaena bangii (Rusby) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Chromolaena bangii (Rusby) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Chromolaena bangii Rusby
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 385. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 13136 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Chromolaena connivens (Rusby) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Chromolaena connivens (Rusby) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Chromolaena connivens Rusby
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 386. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: riversides, rocky slopes. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 22154 (F!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Chromolaena eripsima (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Chromolaena eripsima (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Chromolaena eripsima B. Robinson
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 386. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean II: grasslands. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 3003* (B), L&oacute;pez 1800 (US!)
Departments: Ancash.


$


 Chromolaena extensa (Gardner) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Chromolaena extensa (Gardner) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Chromolaena extensa Gardner
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 386. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 18019 (US!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto.


$


 Chromolaena haughtii (B.L. Rob.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Chromolaena haughtii (B.L. Rob.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Chromolaena haughtii B.L. Rob.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 386, 494. 
Ecology: Endemic herb, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas, riversides, rocky slopes. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Haught 275* (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Piura.


$


 Chromolaena ivaefolia (L.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Chromolaena ivaefolia (L.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Chromolaena ivaefolia L., Chromolaena ivaefolia Poepp.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 386, 494. 
Ecology: Native subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests, rocky slopes. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 16542 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Chromolaena jelskii (Hieron.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Chromolaena jelskii (Hieron.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Chromolaena jelskii Hieron.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 386. 
Ecology. 500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Jelski 665* , King & Bishop 9183 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Chromolaena laevigata (Lam.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Chromolaena laevigata (Lam.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Chromolaena laevigata Lam.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 386. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests, shrublands. 500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 24625 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Chromolaena leptocephala (DC.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Chromolaena leptocephala (DC.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Chromolaena leptocephala DC., Chromolaena leptocephala DC.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 386, 494. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests, grasslands, shrublands. 1000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Mostacero 849 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Piura, Puno.


$


 Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Chromolaena odorata DC., Chromolaena odorata L.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 387, 494. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas, forests, riversides, shrublands. 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 1 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Apur&iacute;mac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, La Libertad, Piura, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Chromolaena roseorum (B.L. Rob.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Chromolaena roseorum (B.L. Rob.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Chromolaena roseorum B.L. Rob.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 387, 495. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Fosberg 27898 (US!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Chromolaena serratuloides (Kunth) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Chromolaena serratuloides (Kunth) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Chromolaena serratuloides Kunth
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 387, 495. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I-II, Coastal: lomas. 500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland s.n.* (P-H&B), Fosberg 29898 (US!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Piura.


$


 Chromolaena squalida (DC.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Chromolaena squalida (DC.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Chromolaena squalida B. Robinson, Chromolaena squalida DC.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 387, 495. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests, grasslands, shrublands. 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 25115 (F!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Chromolaena subscandens (Hieron.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Chromolaena subscandens (Hieron.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Chromolaena subscandens Hieron.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 387, 495. 
Ecology. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 22718 (US!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto.


$


 Chromolaena tenuicapitulata (Hieron.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Chromolaena tenuicapitulata (Hieron.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Chromolaena tenuicapitulata Hieron.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 387, 495. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Jelski 598* (US), Jelski 680 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco.


$


 Chrysactinium acaule (Kunth) Wedd.



Chrysactinium acaule (Kunth) Wedd.

Synonyms: Chrysactinium acaule (Kunth) Less., Chrysactinium acaule (S.F. Blake) H. Rob. & Brettell, Chrysactinium acaule Kunth, Chrysactinium acaule S.F. Blake
Reference: Robinson, H. & R. D. Brettell, 1974: 49; Robinson, H., 1983: 51. 
Ecology. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Dillon & Turner 1628 (F!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Chrysactinium amphothrix (S.F. Blake) H. Rob. & Brettell



Chrysactinium amphothrix (S.F. Blake) H. Rob. & Brettell

Synonyms: Chrysactinium amphothrix S.F. Blake
Reference: Robinson, H. & R. D. Brettell, 1974: 49. 
Ecology. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 1665* (F!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Chrysactinium arthrothrix (S.F. Blake) H. Rob. & Brettell


Chrysactinium arthrothrix (S.F. Blake) H. Rob. & Brettell = Chrysactinium acaule (Kunth) Wedd.

Reference: Robinson, H. & R. D. Brettell, 1974: 49. 


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 Chrysactinium bicolor (S.F. Blake) H. Rob. & Brettell


Chrysactinium bicolor (S.F. Blake) H. Rob. & Brettell = Chrysactinium caulescens (Hieron.) H. Rob. & Brettell

Reference: Robinson, H. & R. D. Brettell, 1974: 49. 


$


 Chrysactinium caulescens (Hieron.) H. Rob. & Brettell



Chrysactinium caulescens (Hieron.) H. Rob. & Brettell

Synonyms: Chrysactinium caulescens (S.F. Blake) H. Rob. & Brettell, Chrysactinium caulescens Hieron., Chrysactinium caulescens S.F. Blake
Reference: Robinson, H. & R. D. Brettell, 1974: 50. 
Ecology. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Stork & Horton 16330 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, La Libertad, Piura.


$


 Chrysactinium hieracioides (Kunth) H. Rob. & Brettell



Chrysactinium hieracioides (Kunth) H. Rob. & Brettell

Synonyms: Chrysactinium hieracioides (Kunth) Less., Chrysactinium hieracioides Kunth
Reference: Robinson, H. & R. D. Brettell, 1974: 50. 
Ecology. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Smith 6078 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, La Libertad.


$


 Chrysactinium rosulatum (Hieron.) H. Rob. & Brettell



Chrysactinium rosulatum (Hieron.) H. Rob. & Brettell

Synonyms: Chrysactinium rosulatum Hieron.
Reference: Robinson, H. & R. D. Brettell, 1974: 50. 
Ecology. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Dillon et al. 2782 (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, La Libertad.


$


 Chrysallidosperma smithii H.E. Moore


Chrysallidosperma smithii H.E. Moore = Syagrus smithii (H.E. Moore) Glassman

Reference: Moore Jr., H. E., 1963: 110. 


$


 Chrysanthellum indicum DC.



Chrysanthellum indicum DC.

$


 Chrysanthellum indicum var.afroamericanum Turner



Chrysanthellum indicum var. afroamericanum Turner

Reference: Turner, B. L., 1982: 291. 
Ecology. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Burkart 10490 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Chrysanthellum weberbaueri Chung



Chrysanthellum weberbaueri Chung

Reference: Chung, I.-C., 1967: 321. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. . 
Note: Turner annotated the holotype (F) and C. indicum var. afroamericanum, in 1976. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6465* (F!)
Departments: Huancavelica.


$


 Chrysanthemum coronarium L.



Chrysanthemum coronarium L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1417: 4. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb. Andean II: disturbed areas. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ridoutt s.n. (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Chrysanthemum leucanthemum L.


Chrysanthemum leucanthemum L. = Leucanthemum vulgare Lam.

Reference: FP 1417: 10. 


$


 Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.


Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. = Dendranthema morifolium (Ramat.) Tzvelev in Kom.

Reference: FP 1417: 9. 


$


 Chrysanthemum parthenium (L.) Bernh.


Chrysanthemum parthenium (L.) Bernh. = Tanacetum parthenium (L.) Sch. Bip.

Reference: FP 1417: 19. 


$


 Chrysiphiala flava (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Ker Gawler


Chrysiphiala flava (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Ker Gawler = Stenomesson flavum (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Herbert

Reference: FP 1190: 680; Ravenna, P., 1971: 81. 


$


 Chrysiphiala pauciflora Lindl. ex Hook.


Chrysiphiala pauciflora Lindl. ex Hook. = Stenomesson pauciflorum var. pauciflorum 

Reference: FP 1190: 681. 


$


 Chrysochlamys dependens Planch. & Triana



Chrysochlamys dependens Planch. & Triana

Synonyms: Chrysochlamys dependens Pl. & Tr.
Reference: Vesque, J., 1893: 176. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: riversides. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (G photo F!), Stein & Todzia 2155 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Chrysochlamys floribunda Cuatrec.



Chrysochlamys floribunda Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1950: 58. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Froehner 30 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Chrysochlamys membranacea (Planch. & Triana) Planch. & Triana



Chrysochlamys membranacea (Planch. & Triana) Planch. & Triana

Synonyms: Chrysochlamys membranacea (Planch. & Triana) D'Arcy, Chrysochlamys membranacea Planch. & Triana
Reference: D'Arcy, W.G., 1981: 1034. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ancuash 584 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Chrysochlamys micrantha Engl.



Chrysochlamys micrantha Engl.

Synonyms: Chrysochlamys micrantha (Engl.) D'Arcy
Reference: D'Arcy, W.G., 1981: 1037. 
Ecology. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4658a* (B photo F!)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Chrysochlamys multiflora Poepp.



Chrysochlamys multiflora Poepp.

$


 Chrysochlamys pachypoda Planch. & Triana



Chrysochlamys pachypoda Planch. & Triana

$


 Chrysochlamys pavonii Planch. & Triana



Chrysochlamys pavonii Planch. & Triana

Reference: Engler, A., 1923: 9. 
Ecology. 1000-2000 m. 
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (B syntype), Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (G syntype)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Chrysochlamys petiolaris Pl. & Tr.


Chrysochlamys petiolaris Pl. & Tr. = Chrysochlamys dependens Planch. & Triana

$


 Chrysochlamys ulei Engl.



Chrysochlamys ulei Engl.

Reference: Engler, A., 1923: 9. 
Ecology: Native treelet. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Foster 9637 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Chrysochlamys weberbaueri Engl.



Chrysochlamys weberbaueri Engl.

Reference: Engler, A., 1923: 8. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4658* (B photo F), Ancuash 224 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Chrysocoma herbacea Vell.


Chrysocoma herbacea Vell. = Vernonia herbacea (Vell.) Rusby

Reference: FP 1416: 46. 


$


 Chrysogonum peruvianum L.


Chrysogonum peruvianum L. = Zinnia peruviana (L.) L.

Reference: Torres, A. M., 1963: 12. 


$


 Chrysophyllum albipilum Cronquist



Chrysophyllum albipilum Cronquist

Reference: Flora Peru: 1297: 140; Pennington, T. D., 1990: 565. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Klug 4365* (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Chrysophyllum amazonicum T.D. Penn.



Chrysophyllum amazonicum T.D. Penn.

Synonyms: Chrysophyllum amazonicum Aubr&eacute;v.
Reference: Pennington, T. D., 1990: 595. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 2592 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Chrysophyllum argenteum Jacq.



Chrysophyllum argenteum Jacq.

$


 Chrysophyllum argenteum subsp.auratum (Miq.) T.D. Penn.



Chrysophyllum argenteum subsp. auratum (Miq.) T.D. Penn.

Synonyms: Chrysophyllum argenteum auratum (Miq.) Baehni, Chrysophyllum argenteum auratum A. DC., Chrysophyllum argenteum auratum Miq., Chrysophyllum argenteum var. auratum Miq.
Reference: Pennington, T. D., 1990: 545. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 2142 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Ucayali.


$


 Chrysophyllum argenteum subsp.ferrugineum (Ruiz & Pav.) T.D. Penn.



Chrysophyllum argenteum subsp. ferrugineum (Ruiz & Pav.) T.D. Penn.

Synonyms: Chrysophyllum argenteum ferrugineum (Ruiz & Pav.) Bernardi, Chrysophyllum argenteum ferrugineum (Ruiz & Pav.) Steud., Chrysophyllum argenteum ferrugineum Cronquist, Chrysophyllum argenteum ferrugineum Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Pennington, T. D., 1990: 547. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (F), Rimachi 2674 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Chrysophyllum auratum Miq.


Chrysophyllum auratum Miq. = Chrysophyllum argenteum subsp. auratum (Miq.) T.D. Penn.

Reference: Pennington, T. D., 1990: 545. 


$


 Chrysophyllum auratum var. majus Miq.


Chrysophyllum auratum var. majus Miq. = Chrysophyllum argenteum subsp. auratum (Miq.) T.D. Penn.

Reference: FP 1297: 144; Pennington, T. D., 1990: 545. 


$


 Chrysophyllum balata (Ducke) Baehni


Chrysophyllum balata (Ducke) Baehni = Chrysophyllum sanguinolentum subsp. balata (Ducke) T.D. Penn.

Reference: FP 1297: 142; Pennington, T. D., 1990: 587. 


$


 Chrysophyllum bombycinum T.D. Penn.



Chrysophyllum bombycinum T.D. Penn.

Reference: Pennington, T. D., 1990: 588. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Rimachi 3755* (K), Gentry et al. 22446 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Chrysophyllum brasiliense A. DC.


Chrysophyllum brasiliense A. DC. = Sarcaulus brasiliensis (A. DC.) Eyma subsp. brasiliensis 

Reference: FP 1297: 176; Pennington, T. D., 1990: 233. 


$


 Chrysophyllum cuneifolium (Rudge) A. DC.



Chrysophyllum cuneifolium (Rudge) A. DC.

Synonyms: Chrysophyllum cuneifolium Rudge
Reference: Pennington, T. D., 1990: 593. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Croat 20736 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Chrysophyllum cuspidatum Hoehne


Chrysophyllum cuspidatum Hoehne = Diploon cuspidatum (Hoehne) Cronquist

Reference: Pennington, T. D., 1990: 669. 


$


 Chrysophyllum ferrugineum (Ruiz & Pav.) Steud.


Chrysophyllum ferrugineum (Ruiz & Pav.) Steud. = Chrysophyllum argenteum subsp. ferrugineum (Ruiz & Pav.) T.D. Penn.

Reference: FP 1297: 145; Pennington, T. D., 1990: 547. 


$


 Chrysophyllum granatense Spreng.


Chrysophyllum granatense Spreng. = Pradosia argentea (Kunth) T.D. Penn.

Reference: FP 1297: 141. 


$


 Chrysophyllum klugii Baehni


Chrysophyllum klugii Baehni = Chrysophyllum sanguinolentum subsp. balata (Ducke) T.D. Penn.

Reference: FP 1297: 142; Pennington, T. D., 1990: 587. 


$


 Chrysophyllum longifolium Mart. & Eichler


Chrysophyllum longifolium Mart. & Eichler = Pouteria longifolia (Mart. & Eichler) T.D. Penn.

Reference: Pennington, T. D., 1990: 526. 


$


 Chrysophyllum lucentifolium subsp.pachycarpum Pires & T.D. Penn.



Chrysophyllum lucentifolium subsp. pachycarpum Pires & T.D. Penn.

Reference: Pennington, T. D., 1990: 606. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Coastal: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 25 (F)
Departments: Madre de Dios, Tumbes.


$


 Chrysophyllum macrophyllum Lam.


Chrysophyllum macrophyllum Lam. = Pouteria macrophylla (Lam.) Eyma

Reference: FP 1297: 174; Pennington, T. D., 1990: 375. 


$


 Chrysophyllum macrophyllum Mart.


Chrysophyllum macrophyllum Mart. = Sarcaulus brasiliensis (A. DC.) Eyma subsp. brasiliensis 

Reference: FP 1297: 176; Pennington, T. D., 1990: 233. 


$


 Chrysophyllum manaosense (Aubr&eacute;v.) T.D. Penn.



Chrysophyllum manaosense (Aubr&eacute;v.) T.D. Penn.

Synonyms: Chrysophyllum manaosense Aubr&eacute;v.
Reference: Pennington, T. D., 1990: 598. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests on white sand. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Croat P18644 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Chrysophyllum manglillo (Lam.) Lam.


Chrysophyllum manglillo (Lam.) Lam. = Myrsine manglilla (Lam.) R. Br.

Reference: Pipoly, pers. comm.. 


$


 Chrysophyllum ovale Rusby



Chrysophyllum ovale Rusby

Synonyms: Chrysophyllum ovale (Rusby) Bernardi
Reference: Flora Peru: 1297: 146; Pennington, T. D., 1990: 558. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Klug 2324 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Chrysophyllum pavonii Cronquist


Chrysophyllum pavonii Cronquist = Chrysophyllum argenteum subsp. ferrugineum (Ruiz & Pav.) T.D. Penn.

Reference: FP 1297: 145; Pennington, T. D., 1990: 547. 


$


 Chrysophyllum pomiferum (Eyma) T.D. Penn.



Chrysophyllum pomiferum (Eyma) T.D. Penn.

Synonyms: Chrysophyllum pomiferum Eyma
Reference: Pennington, T. D., 1990: 602. 
Ecology: Native tree. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Hartshorn 2410 (MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios.


$


 Chrysophyllum prieurii A. DC.



Chrysophyllum prieurii A. DC.

Synonyms: Chrysophyllum prieurii (A. DC.) Aubr&eacute;v., Chrysophyllum prieurii (A. DC.) Aubr&eacute;v.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1297: 171; Pennington, T. D., 1990: 600. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 1103 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Pasco.


$


 Chrysophyllum reticulatum Engl.


Chrysophyllum reticulatum Engl. = Pouteria reticulata (Engl.) Eyma subsp. reticulata 

Reference: Pennington, T. D., 1990: 297. 


$


 Chrysophyllum revolutum Mart. & Eichler



Chrysophyllum revolutum Mart. & Eichler

Synonyms: Chrysophyllum revolutum (Mart. & Eichl.) Bernardi
Reference: Flora Peru: 1297: 147; Pennington, T. D., 1990: 569. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean I: forests. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Spruce 4260 [2460] (NY), Williams 6140 (F)
Departments: Cuzco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Chrysophyllum sanguinolentum subsp.balata (Ducke) T.D. Penn.



Chrysophyllum sanguinolentum subsp. balata (Ducke) T.D. Penn.

Synonyms: Chrysophyllum sanguinolentum balata (Baehni) Cronquist, Chrysophyllum sanguinolentum balata (Ducke) Baehni, Chrysophyllum sanguinolentum balata Baehni, Chrysophyllum sanguinolentum balata Ducke
Reference: Pennington, T. D., 1990: 587. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 3699 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Chrysophyllum sanguinolentum subsp.sanguinolentum



Chrysophyllum sanguinolentum subsp. sanguinolentum 

Synonyms: Chrysophyllum sanguinolentum sanguinolentum Pierre
Reference: Pennington, T. D., 1990: 583. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 298 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Chrysophyllum sanguinolentum subsp.spurium (Ducke) T.D. Penn.



Chrysophyllum sanguinolentum subsp. spurium (Ducke) T.D. Penn.

Synonyms: Chrysophyllum sanguinolentum spurium Ducke
Reference: Pennington, T. D., 1990: 585. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Rimachi 3120 (AMAZ, MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Chrysophyllum scalare T.D. Penn.



Chrysophyllum scalare T.D. Penn.

Reference: Pennington, T. D., 1990: 590. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Bernardi 20718 (G)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Chrysophyllum sericeum A. DC.


Chrysophyllum sericeum A. DC. = Chrysophyllum argenteum subsp. auratum (Miq.) T.D. Penn.

Reference: FP 1297: 144; Pennington, T. D., 1990: 545. 


$


 Chrysophyllum ulei Krause


Chrysophyllum ulei Krause = Ecclinusa ulei (Krause) Gilly ex Cronquist

Reference: FP 1297: 142; Pennington, T. D., 1990: 630. 
Note: NN  


$


 Chrysophyllum venezuelanense (Pierre) T.D. Penn.



Chrysophyllum venezuelanense (Pierre) T.D. Penn.

Synonyms: Chrysophyllum venezuelanense Pierre
Reference: Pennington, T. D., 1990: 607. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 29662 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Chrysophyllum wurdackii (Aubr&eacute;v.) Bernardi


Chrysophyllum wurdackii (Aubr&eacute;v.) Bernardi = Pouteria cuspidata subsp. dura (Eyma) T.D. Penn.

Reference: FP 1297: 143. 


$


 Chucoa ilicifolia Cabrera



Chucoa ilicifolia Cabrera

Synonyms: Chucoa ilicifolia Ferreyra
Reference: Cabrera, A. L., 1955: 42. 
Ecology. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: L&oacute;pez 1090* (LP), Weberbauer 7017 (USM)
Departments: La Libertad.


$


 Chuncoa amazonica J.F. Gmel.


Chuncoa amazonica J.F. Gmel. = Terminalia amazonia (J.F. Gmel.) Exell

Reference: FP 759: 227; Al-Mayah, A.-R. A., 1983:. 


$


 Chuncoa oblonga (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.


Chuncoa oblonga (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers. = Terminalia oblonga (Ruiz & Pav.) Steud.

Reference: FP 759: 227; Al-Mayah, A.-R. A., 1983:. 


$


 Chuncoa obovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.


Chuncoa obovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers. = Terminalia amazonia (J.F. Gmel.) Exell

Reference: FP 759: 227; Al-Mayah, A.-R. A., 1983:. 


$


 Chupalon bracteatum (Ruiz & Pav. ex J. St.-Hil.) Kuntze


Chupalon bracteatum (Ruiz & Pav. ex J. St.-Hil.) Kuntze = Cavendishia bracteata (Ruiz & Pav. ex J. St.-Hil.) Hoerold

Reference: FP 1325: 114; Luteyn, J. L., 1983: 140. 


$


 Chupalon nobile (Lindl.) Kuntze


Chupalon nobile (Lindl.) Kuntze = Cavendishia nobilis var. nobilis 

Reference: FP 1325: 116; Luteyn, J. L., 1983: 156. 


$


 Chupalon tarapotana (Meisn.) Kuntze


Chupalon tarapotana (Meisn.) Kuntze = Cavendishia tarapotana (Meisn.) Benth. & Hook. f. var. tarapotana 

Reference: FP 1325: 113; Luteyn, J. L., 1983: 163. 


$


 Chuquiraga coccinosantha (Muschl.) Chung


Chuquiraga coccinosantha (Muschl.) Chung = Arnaldoa coccinosantha (Muschl.) Ferreyra

Reference: Chung, In-Cho, 1965: 7. 


$


 Chuquiraga horrida Muschl.


Chuquiraga horrida Muschl. = Dasyphyllum horridum (Muschl.) Tovar

Reference: Ezcurra, C., 1985: 279. 


$


 Chuquiraga johnstonii Tovar



Chuquiraga johnstonii Tovar

Reference: Tovar, O., 1952: 8. 
Ecology. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 1209* (F!), Ferreyra 6598 (F!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Pasco.


$


 Chuquiraga jussieui J.F. Gmel.



Chuquiraga jussieui J.F. Gmel.

Synonyms: Chuquiraga jussieui Humb. & Bonpl., Chuquiraga jussieui J. St.-Hil., Chuquiraga jussieui Muschl.
Reference: Tovar, O., 1952: 13; Harling, G., 1991: 22. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III: grasslands, shrublands. 2000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Gmelin sn.* (P), Weberbauer 936 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco, Lambayeque, La Libertad, Piura, Puno.


$


 Chuquiraga microphylla Humb. & Bonpl.


Chuquiraga microphylla Humb. & Bonpl. = Chuquiraga jussieui J.F. Gmel.

Reference: Ezcurra, C., 1985: 247. 


$


 Chuquiraga muschlerii Chung


Chuquiraga muschlerii Chung = Arnaldoa weberbaueri (Muschl.) Ferreyra

Reference: Chung, In-Cho, 1965: 8. 


$


 Chuquiraga peruviana J. St.-Hil.


Chuquiraga peruviana J. St.-Hil. = Chuquiraga jussieui J.F. Gmel.

Reference: Ezcurra, C., 1985: 246. 


$


 Chuquiraga pseudoruscifolia Muschl.


Chuquiraga pseudoruscifolia Muschl. = Chuquiraga jussieui J.F. Gmel.

Reference: Tovar, O., 1952: 14. 


$


 Chuquiraga rotundifolia Wedd.



Chuquiraga rotundifolia Wedd.

Synonyms: Chuquiraga rotundifolia (Wedd.) Ezc.
Reference: Tovar, O., 1952: 9. 
Ecology. 3500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Weddell s.n.* (P), Pennell 13214 (F)
Departments: Arequipa, Ayacucho, Moquegua, Tacna.


$


 Chuquiraga seleriana Muschl.


Chuquiraga seleriana Muschl. = Barnadesia horrida Muschl.

$


 Chuquiraga spinosa (Ruiz & Pav.) D. Don


Chuquiraga spinosa (Ruiz & Pav.) D. Don = Barnadesia dombeyana Less.

Reference: Cabrera, A. L., 1960: 209; Ezcurra, C., 1985: 280. 


$


 Chuquiraga spinosa Less.



Chuquiraga spinosa Less.

$


 Chuquiraga spinosa subsp.huamanpinta C. Ezcurra



Chuquiraga spinosa subsp. huamanpinta C. Ezcurra

Reference: Ezcurra, C., 1985: 243. 
Ecology. 3000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Diers 946* (LP), Dillon & Turner 1387 (F)
Departments: Ancash, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Chuquiraga spinosa subsp. rotundifolia (Wedd.) Ezc.


Chuquiraga spinosa subsp. rotundifolia (Wedd.) Ezc. = Chuquiraga rotundifolia Wedd.

$


 Chuquiraga spinosa subsp.spinosa



Chuquiraga spinosa subsp. spinosa 

Reference: Ezcurra, C., 1985: 240. 
Ecology. 3500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Dombey 447* (P), Macbride & Featherstone 1209 (F)
Departments: Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Pasco.


$


 Chuquiraga weberbaueri Tovar



Chuquiraga weberbaueri Tovar

Reference: Tovar, O., 1952: 11; Harling, G., 1991: 26. 
Ecology. 3000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 1304* (USM), Weberbauer 7009 (LM)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, La Libertad.


$


 Chusquea aristata Munro


Chusquea aristata Munro = Neurolepis aristata (Munro) Hitchc.

Reference: McClure, F. A., 1955: 101. 


$


 Chusquea aspera L.G. Clark



Chusquea aspera L.G. Clark

Reference: Clark, L. G., 1989: 92. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: cloud forests. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 10178* (MO!), Gentry et al. 22931 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto.


$


 Chusquea delicatula Hitchc.



Chusquea delicatula Hitchc.

Reference: Hitchcock, A. S., 1927: 309; McClure, F. A., 1973: 75. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: cloud forests, riversides. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Smith 2696 (US)
Departments: Pasco.


$


 Chusquea depauperata Pilg.



Chusquea depauperata Pilg.

Synonyms: Chusquea depauperata (Pilg.) McClure
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 111; Clark, L. G., 1989: 38. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: grasslands, swamps. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 3709* (MOL, US), Smith 8106 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, La Libertad, Pasco.


$


 Chusquea dombeyana Kunth



Chusquea dombeyana Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 111; McClure, F. A., 1973: 75. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: shrublands. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* , Barbour 3472 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Puno.


$


 Chusquea exasperata L.G. Clark



Chusquea exasperata L.G. Clark

Reference: Clark, L. G., 1990: 627. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Smith et al. 1713 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Pasco.


$


 Chusquea huantensis Pilg.



Chusquea huantensis Pilg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 111; McClure, F. A., 1973: 75. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: shrublands. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 5581* (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco.


$


 Chusquea humilis Lechler ex Munro


Chusquea humilis Lechler ex Munro = Chusquea tessellata Munro

Reference: Chase, A. & C. D. Niles, 1962: 490. 


$


 Chusquea inamoena Pilg.



Chusquea inamoena Pilg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 113; McClure, F. A., 1973: 75. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: shrublands. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   According to Hitchcock (1927), this taxon is probably a synonym of C. serrulata. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 2295* (MOL)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Chusquea jamesonii Steud.


Chusquea jamesonii Steud. = Chusquea scandens Kunth

Reference: McClure, F. A., 1973: 76. 


$


 Chusquea neurophylla L.G. Clark



Chusquea neurophylla L.G. Clark

Reference: Clark, L. G., 1989: 50. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: shrublands. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Barbour 3547 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Chusquea peruviana E.G. Camus



Chusquea peruviana E.G. Camus

Synonyms: Chusquea peruviana (R.K.F. Pilger (non Lindman)) Pilg., Chusquea peruviana Pilg.
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 112; McClure, F. A., 1973: 75. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III: shrublands. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 694* (P), Heller 2180 
Departments: Cuzco, Puno.


$


 Chusquea picta Pilg.



Chusquea picta Pilg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 112; McClure, F. A., 1973: 75. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: forests, riversides. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz s.n.* (B), Smith & Pretel 1515 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Chusquea polyclados Pilg.



Chusquea polyclados Pilg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 113; McClure, F. A., 1973: 76; Tovar, O., 1981: 108. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: grasslands. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: According to Hitchcock (1927: 312), this species is probably a synonym of C. serrulata. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4021* (B), S&aacute;nchez & Ruiz 1832 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca.


$


 Chusquea pubispicula Pilg.



Chusquea pubispicula Pilg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 111; McClure, F. A., 1973: 76; Tovar, O., 1986: 51. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer  688* (B)
Departments: Puno.


$


 Chusquea ramosissima (R.K.F. Pilger (non Lindman)) Pilg.


Chusquea ramosissima (R.K.F. Pilger (non Lindman)) Pilg. = Chusquea peruviana E.G. Camus

Reference: FP 719: 112. 


$


 Chusquea sandiensis Pilg.


Chusquea sandiensis Pilg. = Chusquea peruviana E.G. Camus

Reference: FP 719: 112. 


$


 Chusquea scandens Kunth



Chusquea scandens Kunth

Synonyms: Chusquea scandens Kunth, Chusquea scandens Steud.
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 112; McClure, F. A., 1973: 76. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, forests. 1500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Smith & V&aacute;squez 5047 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lambayeque, Pasco, Piura, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Chusquea serrulata Pilg.



Chusquea serrulata Pilg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 112; McClure, F. A., 1973: 76. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Chusquea simplicissima Pilg.


Chusquea simplicissima Pilg. = Chusquea tessellata Munro

Reference: FP 719: 113; Clark, L. G., 1989: 63. 


$


 Chusquea smithii L.G. Clark



Chusquea smithii L.G. Clark

Reference: Clark, L. G., 1989: 54. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: disturbed areas. 3000-4000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Smith 7730* (MO!)
Departments: Pasco.


$


 Chusquea spadicea Pilg.



Chusquea spadicea Pilg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 112; McClure, F. A., 1973: 68. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Chusquea spicata Munro


Chusquea spicata Munro = Chusquea tessellata Munro

Reference: FP 719: 113; Clark, L. G., 1989: 62. 


$


 Chusquea straminea Pilg.



Chusquea straminea Pilg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 113; McClure, F. A., 1973: 68. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: forests. 2000-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   According to Hitchcock (1927: 312) this taxon is probably a synonym of C. serrulata. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4408* (MOL)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Chusquea tarmensis Pilg.



Chusquea tarmensis Pilg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 113. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: forests. 2000-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   According to Hitchcock (1927: 312) this taxon is probably a synonym of C. serrulata. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 2129* (B)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Chusquea tessellata Munro



Chusquea tessellata Munro

Synonyms: Chusquea tessellata (Munro) McClure, Chusquea tessellata (Munro) McClure, Chusquea tessellata (Pilg.) McClure, Chusquea tessellata Lechler ex Munro, Chusquea tessellata Munro, Chusquea tessellata Pilg., Chusquea tessellata Pilg.
Reference: Clark, L. G., 1989: 62. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III: grasslands. 2500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Peyton & Peyton 935 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Madre de Dios.


$


 Chusquea venezuelae Steud.


Chusquea venezuelae Steud. = Arthrostylidium venezuelae (Steud.) McClure

Reference: McClure, F. A., 1942: 21. 


$


 Chusquea weberbaueri Pilg.


Chusquea weberbaueri Pilg. = Chusquea tessellata Munro

Reference: FP 719: 113; Clark, L. G., 1989: 63. 


$


 Chymocarpus stipulaceus Klatt ex Otto


Chymocarpus stipulaceus Klatt ex Otto = Tropaeolum dipetalum Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 644: 613; Sparre, B. & L. Andersson, 1991: 48. 


$


 Chysis aurea Lindl.



Chysis aurea Lindl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1510: 48; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Chysis bruennowiana Rchb. f. & Warsz.



Chysis bruennowiana Rchb. f. & Warsz.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 566; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I: forests. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Warscewicz s.n.* 


$


 Chytroma gigantea (Knuth) R. Knuth


Chytroma gigantea (Knuth) R. Knuth = Eschweilera gigantea (Knuth) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 754: 244; Mori, S. A. & G. T. Prance, 1990: 223. 


$


 Chytroma mexiana Knuth


Chytroma mexiana Knuth = Eschweilera gigantea (Knuth) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 754: 247; Mori, S. A. & G. T. Prance, 1990: 223. 


$


 Chytroma tessmannii Knuth


Chytroma tessmannii Knuth = Eschweilera andina (Rusby) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 754: 246; Mori, S. A. & G. T. Prance, 1990: 234. 


$


 Cicca antillana Jussieu


Cicca antillana Jussieu = Margaritaria nobilis L. f.

Reference: FP 674: 43. 


$


 Cicendia quadrangularis (Lam.) Griseb.



Cicendia quadrangularis (Lam.) Griseb.

Synonyms: Cicendia quadrangularis (Lam.) Griseb., Cicendia quadrangularis Lam.
Reference: Marticorena, C. & M. Quezada, 1985: 47. 
Ecology: Native herb. Coastal: lomas, rocky slopes. 0-1000 m. 
Note: Treated in the Flora of Peru and elsewhere under Microcala; the treatment here follows Mabberley (1990: 126, 370). 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui 7643 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Cicendia quitensis (Kunth) Griseb.


Cicendia quitensis (Kunth) Griseb. = Centaurium quitense (Kunth) B.L. Rob.

Reference: Broome, C. R., 1976: 416. 


$


 Cicer arietinum L.



Cicer arietinum L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 352; Duke, J. A., 1981: 52; McVaugh, R., 1987: 343. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Cerrate 2437 (USM!)
Departments: Ancash, Ayacucho, Ica.


$


 Ciclospermum ammi Lag.


Ciclospermum ammi Lag. = Ciclospermum leptophyllum var. leptophyllum 

Reference: FP 1293: 11; Constance, L., 1990: 277. 


$


 Ciclospermum laciniatum (DC.) Constance



Ciclospermum laciniatum (DC.) Constance

Synonyms: Ciclospermum laciniatum (Clos ex Gay) Reiche, Ciclospermum laciniatum (DC.) Urb., Ciclospermum laciniatum (Phil.) Reiche, Ciclospermum laciniatum (Philippi) H. Wolff, Ciclospermum laciniatum Clos ex Gay, Ciclospermum laciniatum DC., Ciclospermum laciniatum H. Wolff, Ciclospermum laciniatum Hook. & Arn., Ciclospermum laciniatum L'H&eacute;r. ex DC., Ciclospermum laciniatum Phil., Ciclospermum laciniatum Phil.
Reference: Constance, L., 1990: 277. 
Ecology: Native herb. Coastal: lomas, rocky slopes. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 8673 (F)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Lima, La Libertad, Moquegua, Tacna.


$


 Ciclospermum leptophyllum (Pers.) H. Eichler



Ciclospermum leptophyllum (Pers.) H. Eichler

$


 Ciclospermum leptophyllum var.leptophyllum



Ciclospermum leptophyllum var. leptophyllum 

Synonyms: Ciclospermum leptophyllum leptophyllum (Jacq.) Urb., Ciclospermum leptophyllum leptophyllum (Pers.) F. Muell. ex Benth., Ciclospermum leptophyllum leptophyllum (Pers.) Krause ex Sturm, Ciclospermum leptophyllum leptophyllum (Pers.) Sprague, comb. illeg., Ciclospermum leptophyllum leptophyllum (Pers.) Spreng., Ciclospermum leptophyllum leptophyllum Britton, Ciclospermum leptophyllum leptophyllum DC., Ciclospermum leptophyllum leptophyllum L., Ciclospermum leptophyllum leptophyllum Lag., Ciclospermum leptophyllum leptophyllum M. G&oacute;mez, Ciclospermum leptophyllum leptophyllum M.E. Jones, Ciclospermum leptophyllum leptophyllum Pers., Ciclospermum leptophyllum leptophyllum Savi, Ciclospermum leptophyllum leptophyllum Walter, Ciclospermum leptophyllum leptophyllum Willd. ex Roem. & Schult., Ciclospermum leptophyllum fo. leptophyllum (Hook. & Arn.) H. Wolff, Ciclospermum leptophyllum var. leptophyllum (Pers.) Kuntze, Ciclospermum leptophyllum var. leptophyllum H. Wolff, Ciclospermum leptophyllum var. leptophyllum Hook. & Arn.
Reference: Constance, L., 1990: 277. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-III, Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-4000 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 4083 (F)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Puno.


$


 Cicuta major Lam.


Cicuta major Lam. = Conium maculatum L.

Reference: FP 1293: 38. 


$


 Cicuta officinalis Crantz


Cicuta officinalis Crantz = Conium maculatum L.

Reference: FP 1293: 38. 


$


 Cieca bauhiniifolia (Kunth) M. Roem.


Cieca bauhiniifolia (Kunth) M. Roem. = Passiflora alnifolia Kunth

Reference: Holm-Nielsen, L. B., P. M. Jo+/rgensen & J. E. Lawesson, 1988: 38. 


$


 Cieca colubrina (Poepp. & Endl.) M. Roem.


Cieca colubrina (Poepp. & Endl.) M. Roem. = Passiflora triloba Ruiz Lopez & Pavon ex DC.

Reference: Killip, E. P., 1938: 349. 


$


 Cieca coriacea (Juss.) M. Roem.


Cieca coriacea (Juss.) M. Roem. = Passiflora coriacea Juss.

Reference: Holm-Nielsen, L. B., P. M. Jo+/rgensen & J. E. Lawesson, 1988: 25. 


$


 Cieca litoralis (Kunth) M. Roem.


Cieca litoralis (Kunth) M. Roem. = Passiflora suberosa L.

Reference: Holm-Nielsen, L. B., P. M. Jo+/rgensen & J. E. Lawesson, 1988: 27. 


$


 Cieca suberosa (L.) Moench


Cieca suberosa (L.) Moench = Passiflora suberosa L.

Reference: Holm-Nielsen, L. B., P. M. Jo+/rgensen & J. E. Lawesson, 1988: 26. 


$


 Cienfuegosia heterophylla (Vent.) Garcke



Cienfuegosia heterophylla (Vent.) Garcke

Synonyms: Cienfuegosia heterophylla Vent.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 477; Fryxell, P. A., 1969: 211. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Cienfuegosia heterophylla var. cuneata (Benth.) J.F. Macbr.


Cienfuegosia heterophylla var. cuneata (Benth.) J.F. Macbr. = Cienfuegosia tripartita (Kunth) G&uuml;rke

Reference: FP 1302: 477; Fryxell, P. A., 1969: 213. 


$


 Cienfuegosia hitchcockii (Ulbr.) O.J. Blanch.



Cienfuegosia hitchcockii (Ulbr.) O.J. Blanch.

Synonyms: Cienfuegosia hitchcockii Ulbr.
Reference: Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 34. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 10768 (USM!)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Cienfuegosia tripartita (Kunth) G&uuml;rke



Cienfuegosia tripartita (Kunth) G&uuml;rke

Synonyms: Cienfuegosia tripartita (Benth.) J.F. Macbr., Cienfuegosia tripartita (Kunth) Kuntze, Cienfuegosia tripartita (Kunth) Steud., Cienfuegosia tripartita Benth., Cienfuegosia tripartita Kunth
Reference: Fryxell, P. A., 1969: 213; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 35. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I, Coastal: disturbed areas, riversides, rocky slopes. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland 3601* (B photo F!), Hutchison & Wright 5422 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Piura, Tumbes.


$


 Ciminalis aphylla (Jacq.) Dietrich


Ciminalis aphylla (Jacq.) Dietrich = Voyria aphylla (Jacq.) Pers.

Reference: Maas, P. J. M. & P. Ruyters, 1986: 39. 


$


 Cinchona acutifolia Ruiz & Pav.


Cinchona acutifolia Ruiz & Pav. = Ladenbergia acutifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Klotzsch

Reference: FP 1365: 39. 


$


 Cinchona affinis Wedd.


Cinchona affinis Wedd. = Cinchona micrantha Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1365: 29; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 37. 


$


 Cinchona amazonica Standl.



Cinchona amazonica Standl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 25; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 26. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Williams 1747* (F), Hartshorn 1726 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Loreto, Pasco.


$


 Cinchona amygdalifolia Wedd.


Cinchona amygdalifolia Wedd. = Cinchona officinalis L.

Reference: FP 1365: 30; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 42. 


$


 Cinchona angustifolia Ruiz


Cinchona angustifolia Ruiz = Cinchona officinalis L.

Reference: FP 1365: 30; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 41. 


$


 Cinchona boliviana Wedd.


Cinchona boliviana Wedd. = Cinchona calisaya Wedd.

Reference: FP 1365: 30; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 27. 


$


 Cinchona bonplandiana Klotzsch


Cinchona bonplandiana Klotzsch = Cinchona officinalis L.

Reference: FP 1365: 30; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 42. 


$


 Cinchona caduciflora Humb. & Bonpl.


Cinchona caduciflora Humb. & Bonpl. = Ladenbergia magnifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Klotzsch

Reference: FP 1365: 43; Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 71. 


$


 Cinchona calisaya var. boliviana Wedd.


Cinchona calisaya var. boliviana Wedd. = Cinchona calisaya Wedd.

Reference: FP 1365: 30. 


$


 Cinchona calisaya var. josephiana Wedd.


Cinchona calisaya var. josephiana Wedd. = Cinchona calisaya Wedd.

Reference: FP 1365: 30. 


$


 Cinchona calisaya Wedd.



Cinchona calisaya Wedd.

Synonyms: Cinchona calisaya (Wedd.) Kuntze, Cinchona calisaya Wedd., Cinchona calisaya Wedd., Cinchona calisaya Wedd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 30; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 26. 
Ecology. 1000-1500 m. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   Standley (1936) places this in synonymy under C. officinalis, but the species is maintained by both commercial planters and Zevallos (1989). The area where the species was originally collected is subject to heavy deforestation. 
Voucher: wd  
Departments: Puno.


$


 Cinchona caloptera Miq.


Cinchona caloptera Miq. = Cinchona pubescens M. Vahl

Reference: FP 1365: 32; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 46. 


$


 Cinchona carabayensis var. lanceolata Miq.


Cinchona carabayensis var. lanceolata Miq. = Cinchona carabayensis Wedd.

Reference: FP 1365: 26; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 27. 


$


 Cinchona carabayensis Wedd.



Cinchona carabayensis Wedd.

Synonyms: Cinchona carabayensis (Wedd.) Kuntze, Cinchona carabayensis Howard, Cinchona carabayensis Miq., Cinchona carabayensis Miq.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 26; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 27. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: shrublands. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: WD  
Departments: Puno.


$


 Cinchona carua (Wedd.) Miq.


Cinchona carua (Wedd.) Miq. = Ladenbergia carua (Wedd.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1365: 40; Standley, P. C., 1931: 274. 


$


 Cinchona chahuarguera Pav&oacute;n ex DC.


Cinchona chahuarguera Pav&oacute;n ex DC. = Cinchona officinalis L.

Reference: Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 42. 


$


 Cinchona coccinea Pav. ex DC.


Cinchona coccinea Pav. ex DC. = Cinchona officinalis L.

Reference: FP 1365: 30; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 42. 
Note: pro. syn.  


$


 Cinchona colorata Lambert


Cinchona colorata Lambert = Cinchona officinalis L.

Reference: FP 1365: 30; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 41. 


$


 Cinchona condaminea Humb. & Bonpl.


Cinchona condaminea Humb. & Bonpl. = Cinchona officinalis L.

Reference: FP 1365: 30; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 41. 


$


 Cinchona condaminea var. chahuarguera Pav. ex DC.


Cinchona condaminea var. chahuarguera Pav. ex DC. = Cinchona officinalis L.

Reference: Standley, P. C., 1931: 198. 


$


 Cinchona condaminea var. lanceolata Lambert


Cinchona condaminea var. lanceolata Lambert = Cinchona officinalis L.

Reference: FP 1365: 30; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 41. 


$


 Cinchona conglomerata Pav.


Cinchona conglomerata Pav. = Cinchona humboldtiana Lambert

Reference: FP 1365: 28; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 34. 


$


 Cinchona cordifolia Mutis


Cinchona cordifolia Mutis = Cinchona pubescens M. Vahl

Reference: Standley, P. C., 1930: 13. 


$


 Cinchona coronulata Miq.



Cinchona coronulata Miq.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 26; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 28. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   Noted in the Flora of Peru "Described from Peru, but of uncertain status". 
Voucher: Lechler s.n.* 
Departments: Puno.


$


 Cinchona crassifolia Pav. ex DC.


Cinchona crassifolia Pav. ex DC. = Ladenbergia crassifolia (Pav. ex DC.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1365: 41; Standley, P. C., 1931: 200. 


$


 Cinchona crispa Tafalla ex Howard


Cinchona crispa Tafalla ex Howard = Cinchona officinalis L.

Reference: FP 1365: 30; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 42. 


$


 Cinchona decurrentifolia Pav.


Cinchona decurrentifolia Pav. = Cinchona pubescens M. Vahl

Reference: FP 1365: 32; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 46. 


$


 Cinchona delessertiana Standl.



Cinchona delessertiana Standl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 26; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 29. 
Ecology. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Matthews s.n.* (G), Hodge 6052 
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca.


$


 Cinchona delondriana Wedd.


Cinchona delondriana Wedd. = Cinchona pubescens M. Vahl

Reference: FP 1365: 32; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 46. 


$


 Cinchona dichotoma Ruiz & Pav.


Cinchona dichotoma Ruiz & Pav. = Joosia dichotoma (Ruiz & Pav.) H. Karst.

Reference: FP 1365: 33; Steyermark, J. A., 1975: 259. 


$


 Cinchona discolor Hayne


Cinchona discolor Hayne = Cinchona pubescens M. Vahl

Reference: FP 1365: 31; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 46. 


$


 Cinchona elliptica Wedd.


Cinchona elliptica Wedd. = Cinchona officinalis L.

Reference: FP 1365: 30; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 42. 


$


 Cinchona erythroderma Wedd.


Cinchona erythroderma Wedd. = Cinchona pubescens M. Vahl

Reference: FP 1365: 32; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 46. 


$


 Cinchona euneura Miq.


Cinchona euneura Miq. = Cinchona officinalis L.

Reference: FP 1365: 30; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 42. 


$


 Cinchona fusca Ruiz ex Vitman


Cinchona fusca Ruiz ex Vitman = Macrocnemum roseum (Ruiz & Pav.) Wedd.

Reference: FP 1365: 35. 


$


 Cinchona glabra Ruiz


Cinchona glabra Ruiz = Cinchona officinalis L.

Reference: Standley, P. C., 1931: 197. 


$


 Cinchona glandulifera Ruiz & Pav.



Cinchona glandulifera Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Cinchona glandulifera Pavon ex Howard, Cinchona glandulifera Ruiz, Cinchona glandulifera Ruiz & Pav. ex Triana
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 27; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 30. 
Ecology. 500-2000 m. 
Note: Augusto (1943) treats this as a synonym of C. hirsuta. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (B photo F!), Bocanegra 110 
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Puno.


$


 Cinchona glandulosa Ruiz & Pav. ex Triana


Cinchona glandulosa Ruiz & Pav. ex Triana = Cinchona glandulifera Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 30. 


$


 Cinchona govana Miq.



Cinchona govana Miq.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 28; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 32. 
Ecology: Native tree. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Lechler s.n.* 
Departments: Puno.


$


 Cinchona grandiflora Ruiz & Pav.


Cinchona grandiflora Ruiz & Pav. = Cosmibuena grandiflora (Ruiz & Pav.) Rusby

Reference: FP 1365: 49; Standley, P. C., 1930: 23. 


$


 Cinchona grandifolia Mutis ex Humboldt


Cinchona grandifolia Mutis ex Humboldt = Cinchona pubescens M. Vahl

Reference: FP 1365: 31; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 46. 


$


 Cinchona grandifolia Poir.


Cinchona grandifolia Poir. = Ladenbergia magnifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Klotzsch

Reference: FP 1365: 43; Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 71. 
Note: nom. illeg.  


$


 Cinchona haenkeana Bartl. ex DC.


Cinchona haenkeana Bartl. ex DC. = Palicourea haenkeana DC.

Reference: FP 1365: 226. 


$


 Cinchona hasskarliana Miq.


Cinchona hasskarliana Miq. = Cinchona carabayensis Wedd.

Reference: FP 1365: 26; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 27. 


$


 Cinchona heterophylla Pav&oacute;n ex DC.


Cinchona heterophylla Pav&oacute;n ex DC. = ?  

Reference: FP 1365: 28; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 33. 


$


 Cinchona hirsuta Ruiz & Pav.



Cinchona hirsuta Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Cinchona hirsuta (DC.) Kuntze, Cinchona hirsuta DC., Cinchona hirsuta DC., Cinchona hirsuta Lamb., Cinchona hirsuta Mutis ex Lamb., Cinchona hirsuta Pav&oacute;n ex DC., Cinchona hirsuta Pav., Cinchona hirsuta Pav. ex Lamb., Cinchona hirsuta Wedd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 28; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 33. 
Ecology: Native tree. . 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (G)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Cinchona howardiana Kuntze


Cinchona howardiana Kuntze = Cinchona pubescens M. Vahl

Reference: FP 1365: 32; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 46. 


$


 Cinchona humboldtiana Lambert



Cinchona humboldtiana Lambert

Synonyms: Cinchona humboldtiana (Lambert) Kuntze, Cinchona humboldtiana (Pav.) Wedd., Cinchona humboldtiana Pav., Cinchona humboldtiana Pav. ex Lamb.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 28; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 34. 
Ecology. 1000-3000 m. 
Note: Augusto (1943) treats this as a synonym of C. hirsuta. 
Voucher: Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (B photo F), Ferreyra 271 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Cinchona humboldtiana var. conglomerata (Pav.) Wedd.


Cinchona humboldtiana var. conglomerata (Pav.) Wedd. = Cinchona humboldtiana Lambert

Reference: FP 1365: 28; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 34. 


$


 Cinchona lambertiana A. Braun ex Mart.


Cinchona lambertiana A. Braun ex Mart. = Ladenbergia lambertiana (A. Braun ex Mart.) Klotzsch

Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 72. 


$


 Cinchona lanceolata Benth.


Cinchona lanceolata Benth. = Cinchona pitayensis (Wedd.) Wedd.

Reference: Standley, P. C., 1930: 12. 


$


 Cinchona lanceolata Ruiz & Pav.


Cinchona lanceolata Ruiz & Pav. = Cinchona officinalis L.

Reference: Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 41. 


$


 Cinchona lancifolia Mutis


Cinchona lancifolia Mutis = Cinchona officinalis L.

Reference: FP 1365: 30; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 41. 


$


 Cinchona lancifolia var. lanceolata Roemer & Schultes


Cinchona lancifolia var. lanceolata Roemer & Schultes = Cinchona officinalis L.

Reference: FP 1365: 30; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 42. 


$


 Cinchona lancifolia var. nitida Roemer & Schultes


Cinchona lancifolia var. nitida Roemer & Schultes = Cinchona officinalis L.

Reference: FP 1365: 30; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 42. 


$


 Cinchona lechleriana Schltdl.


Cinchona lechleriana Schltdl. = Cinchona pubescens M. Vahl

Reference: FP 1365: 32; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 46. 


$


 Cinchona legitima Ruiz ex Lamb.



Cinchona legitima Ruiz ex Lamb.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 29; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 36. 
Note: The Flora of Peru notes "described from Peru; a species of uncertain position." 


$


 Cinchona lucumifolia Pavon ex DC.


Cinchona lucumifolia Pavon ex DC. = Cinchona officinalis L.

Reference: FP 1365: 30. 


$


 Cinchona lucumifolia var. stupea Wedd.


Cinchona lucumifolia var. stupea Wedd. = Cinchona officinalis L.

Reference: FP 1365: 30; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 42. 


$


 Cinchona lutea Pav.


Cinchona lutea Pav. = Cinchona pubescens M. Vahl

Reference: FP 1365: 32; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 46. 


$


 Cinchona lutescens Ruiz ex Vitman


Cinchona lutescens Ruiz ex Vitman = Ladenbergia magnifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Klotzsch

Reference: FP 1365: 43. 


$


 Cinchona macrocalyx Pav. ex DC.


Cinchona macrocalyx Pav. ex DC. = Cinchona officinalis L.

Reference: FP 1365: 30; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 42. 


$


 Cinchona macrocalyx var. lucumifolia Pav&oacute;n ex DC.


Cinchona macrocalyx var. lucumifolia Pav&oacute;n ex DC. = Cinchona officinalis L.

Reference: FP 1365: 30; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 42. 


$


 Cinchona macrocalyx var. obtusifolia Pav&oacute;n ex DC.


Cinchona macrocalyx var. obtusifolia Pav&oacute;n ex DC. = Cinchona officinalis L.

Reference: FP 1365: 30; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 42. 


$


 Cinchona macrocalyx var. uritusinga Pav. ex DC.


Cinchona macrocalyx var. uritusinga Pav. ex DC. = Cinchona officinalis L.

Reference: FP 1365: 30; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 42. 


$


 Cinchona macrocarpa Vahl


Cinchona macrocarpa Vahl = Ladenbergia macrocarpa (Vahl) Klotzsch

Reference: Standley, P. C., 1931: 200. 


$


 Cinchona magnifolia Ruiz & Pav.


Cinchona magnifolia Ruiz & Pav. = Ladenbergia magnifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Klotzsch

Reference: FP 1365: 43; Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 71. 


$


 Cinchona micrantha Ruiz & Pav.



Cinchona micrantha Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Cinchona micrantha (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze, Cinchona micrantha Howard, Cinchona micrantha Howard, Cinchona micrantha Howard, Cinchona micrantha Howard, Cinchona micrantha Howard, Cinchona micrantha Kuntze, Cinchona micrantha Wedd., Cinchona micrantha Wedd., Cinchona micrantha Wedd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 29; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 37. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: cloud forests, disturbed areas. 0-3500 m. 
Voucher: Tafalla s.n.* (B photo F!), Klug 3650 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cinchona micrantha var. affinis Howard


Cinchona micrantha var. affinis Howard = Cinchona micrantha Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1365: 29. 


$


 Cinchona micrantha var. calisayoides Howard


Cinchona micrantha var. calisayoides Howard = Cinchona micrantha Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1365: 29; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 38. 


$


 Cinchona micrantha var. huanucensis Howard


Cinchona micrantha var. huanucensis Howard = Cinchona micrantha Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1365: 29; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 38. 


$


 Cinchona micrantha var. oblongifolia Wedd.


Cinchona micrantha var. oblongifolia Wedd. = Cinchona micrantha Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1365: 29; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 38. 


$


 Cinchona micrantha var. reicheliana Howard


Cinchona micrantha var. reicheliana Howard = Cinchona micrantha Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1365: 29; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 38. 


$


 Cinchona micrantha var. rotundifolia Wedd.


Cinchona micrantha var. rotundifolia Wedd. = Cinchona micrantha Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1365: 29; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 37. 


$


 Cinchona microphylla Mutis ex Lamb.


Cinchona microphylla Mutis ex Lamb. = Cinchona hirsuta Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Standley, P. C., 1931: 199. 


$


 Cinchona morada Ruiz


Cinchona morada Ruiz = Cinchona pubescens M. Vahl

Reference: FP 1365: 31; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 46. 


$


 Cinchona mutisii Lamb.


Cinchona mutisii Lamb. = Cinchona hirsuta Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Standley, P. C., 1931: 199. 


$


 Cinchona mutisii var. microphylla Wedd.


Cinchona mutisii var. microphylla Wedd. = Cinchona hirsuta Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Standley, P. C., 1931: 199. 


$


 Cinchona nitida Ruiz & Pav.



Cinchona nitida Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 30; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 40. 
Ecology. 1500-2000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   Treated in the Flora of Peru as a synonym of C. officinalis; Zevallos (1989) and Augusto (1943) consider it a distinct species. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (B photo F!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Cinchona oblongifolia Lambert


Cinchona oblongifolia Lambert = Ladenbergia riveroana (Wedd.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1365: 45; Standley, P. C., 1931: 201. 


$


 Cinchona obovata Pavon ex Howard


Cinchona obovata Pavon ex Howard = Cinchona pubescens M. Vahl

Reference: FP 1365: 32. 


$


 Cinchona obtusifolia Pav. ex DC.


Cinchona obtusifolia Pav. ex DC. = Cinchona officinalis L.

Reference: FP 1365: 30; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 42. 


$


 Cinchona officinalis L.



Cinchona officinalis L.

Synonyms: Cinchona officinalis (L.) Kuntze, Cinchona officinalis (Mutis) Kuntze, Cinchona officinalis (Pav. ex DC.) Howard, Cinchona officinalis (Pav. ex DC.) Kuntze, Cinchona officinalis Humb. & Bonpl., Cinchona officinalis Klotzsch, Cinchona officinalis Krause, Cinchona officinalis Kuntze, Cinchona officinalis Lambert, Cinchona officinalis Lambert, Cinchona officinalis Miq., Cinchona officinalis Mutis, Cinchona officinalis Pav&oacute;n ex DC., Cinchona officinalis Pav&oacute;n ex DC., Cinchona officinalis Pav&oacute;n ex DC., Cinchona officinalis Pav., Cinchona officinalis Pav., Cinchona officinalis Pav., Cinchona officinalis Pav., Cinchona officinalis Pav., Cinchona officinalis Pav. ex DC., Cinchona officinalis Pav. ex DC., Cinchona officinalis Pav. ex DC., Cinchona officinalis Pav. ex DC., Cinchona officinalis Pav. ex DC., Cinchona officinalis Pav. ex DC., Cinchona officinalis Pavon ex DC., Cinchona officinalis Pavon ex Lambert, Cinchona officinalis Roemer & Schultes, Cinchona officinalis Roemer & Schultes, Cinchona officinalis Ruiz, Cinchona officinalis Ruiz, Cinchona officinalis Ruiz & Pav., Cinchona officinalis Tafalla ex Howard, Cinchona officinalis Wedd., Cinchona officinalis Wedd., Cinchona officinalis Wedd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 30; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 41. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 7438 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Piura, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Cinchona officinalis var. uritusinga (Pav. ex DC.) Howard


Cinchona officinalis var. uritusinga (Pav. ex DC.) Howard = Cinchona officinalis L.

Reference: FP 1365: 30; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 42. 


$


 Cinchona ovata Ruiz & Pav.


Cinchona ovata Ruiz & Pav. = Cinchona pubescens M. Vahl

Reference: FP 1365: 31; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 46. 


$


 Cinchona ovata var. erythroderma Wedd.


Cinchona ovata var. erythroderma Wedd. = Cinchona pubescens M. Vahl

Reference: FP 1365: 32; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 46. 


$


 Cinchona ovata var. vulgaris Wedd.


Cinchona ovata var. vulgaris Wedd. = Cinchona pubescens M. Vahl

Reference: FP 1365: 32; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 46. 


$


 Cinchona pahudiana Howard


Cinchona pahudiana Howard = Cinchona carabayensis Wedd.

Reference: FP 1365: 26; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 27. 


$


 Cinchona pallescens Ruiz Lopez ex DC.


Cinchona pallescens Ruiz Lopez ex DC. = Cinchona pubescens M. Vahl

Reference: FP 1365: 31; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 46. 


$


 Cinchona palton Pav.


Cinchona palton Pav. = Cinchona officinalis L.

Reference: FP 1365: 30; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 42. 


$


 Cinchona parabolica Pav.


Cinchona parabolica Pav. = Cinchona officinalis L.

Reference: FP 1365: 30; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 42. 


$


 Cinchona pavoniana Kuntze


Cinchona pavoniana Kuntze = Cinchona micrantha Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1365: 29; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 38. 


$


 Cinchona pedunculata Karsten


Cinchona pedunculata Karsten = Remijia pedunculata (Karsten) Flueck.

Reference: FP 1365: 44; Standley, P. C., 1930: 20. 


$


 Cinchona pelalba Pav&oacute;n ex DC.


Cinchona pelalba Pav&oacute;n ex DC. = Cinchona hirsuta Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1365: 28; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 33. 


$


 Cinchona pelletieriana Wedd.


Cinchona pelletieriana Wedd. = Cinchona pubescens M. Vahl

Reference: FP 1365: 32; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 46. 


$


 Cinchona peruviana Howard


Cinchona peruviana Howard = Cinchona pubescens M. Vahl

Reference: FP 1365: 32; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 46. 


$


 Cinchona pitayensis (Wedd.) Wedd.



Cinchona pitayensis (Wedd.) Wedd.

Synonyms: Cinchona pitayensis Benth.
Reference: Standley, P. C., 1930: 12. 
Ecology: Native tree. Andean II: forests. 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Distribution data taken from Zevallos (1989). 
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Piura.


$


 Cinchona platyphylla Wedd.


Cinchona platyphylla Wedd. = Cinchona pubescens M. Vahl

Reference: FP 1365: 32; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 46. 


$


 Cinchona pubescens M. Vahl



Cinchona pubescens M. Vahl

Synonyms: Cinchona pubescens (M. Vahl) Kuntze, Cinchona pubescens (Pav. ex Klotzsch) Kuntze, Cinchona pubescens (Pavon ex Howard) Kuntze, Cinchona pubescens (Ruiz & Pav.) DC., Cinchona pubescens (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze, Cinchona pubescens Hayne, Cinchona pubescens Howard, Cinchona pubescens Humb. & Bonpl., Cinchona pubescens Kuntze, Cinchona pubescens Miq., Cinchona pubescens Miq., Cinchona pubescens Mutis, Cinchona pubescens Mutis ex Humboldt, Cinchona pubescens Pav., Cinchona pubescens Pav., Cinchona pubescens Pav., Cinchona pubescens Pav. ex Klotzsch, Cinchona pubescens Pav. ex Lamb., Cinchona pubescens Pavon ex Howard, Cinchona pubescens Pavon ex Howard, Cinchona pubescens Ruiz, Cinchona pubescens Ruiz & Pav., Cinchona pubescens Ruiz & Pav., Cinchona pubescens Ruiz Lopez ex DC., Cinchona pubescens Ruiz Lopez ex DC., Cinchona pubescens Schltdl., Cinchona pubescens Wedd., Cinchona pubescens Wedd., Cinchona pubescens Wedd., Cinchona pubescens Wedd., Cinchona pubescens Wedd., Cinchona pubescens Wedd., Cinchona pubescens Wedd., Cinchona pubescens Wedd., Cinchona pubescens Wedd., Cinchona pubescens Wedd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 31; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 46. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 0-3500 m. 
Voucher: Jussieu s.n.* (C photo F!), Smith & Pretel 1648 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Piura, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cinchona pubescens var. heterophylla DC.


Cinchona pubescens var. heterophylla DC. = Cinchona hirsuta Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1365: 28; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 33. 


$


 Cinchona pubescens var. hirsuta DC.


Cinchona pubescens var. hirsuta DC. = Cinchona hirsuta Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1365: 28; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 33. 


$


 Cinchona pubescens var. ovata (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.


Cinchona pubescens var. ovata (Ruiz & Pav.) DC. = Cinchona pubescens M. Vahl

Reference: FP 1365: 31; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 46. 


$


 Cinchona pubescens var. purpurea Wedd.


Cinchona pubescens var. purpurea Wedd. = Cinchona pubescens M. Vahl

Reference: FP 1365: 32; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 46. 


$


 Cinchona purpurascens Wedd.


Cinchona purpurascens Wedd. = Cinchona pubescens M. Vahl

Reference: FP 1365: 32; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 46. 


$


 Cinchona purpurea Ruiz & Pav.


Cinchona purpurea Ruiz & Pav. = Cinchona pubescens M. Vahl

Reference: FP 1365: 31; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 46. 


$


 Cinchona quercifolia Pav. ex Lamb.


Cinchona quercifolia Pav. ex Lamb. = Cinchona hirsuta Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Standley, P. C., 1931: 199. 


$


 Cinchona reicheliana Howard


Cinchona reicheliana Howard = Cinchona micrantha Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1365: 29; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 38. 


$


 Cinchona rosea Ruiz & Pav.


Cinchona rosea Ruiz & Pav. = Macrocnemum roseum (Ruiz & Pav.) Wedd.

Reference: FP 1365: 35; Standley, P. C., 1931: 273. 


$


 Cinchona rostrata Wedd.


Cinchona rostrata Wedd. = Ladenbergia magnifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Klotzsch

Reference: FP 1365: 43. 


$


 Cinchona rotundifolia Pav. ex Lamb.


Cinchona rotundifolia Pav. ex Lamb. = Cinchona pubescens M. Vahl

Reference: FP 1365: 31; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 46. 


$


 Cinchona rufinervis Wedd.



Cinchona rufinervis Wedd.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 32; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 49. 
Ecology. 500-2000 m. 
Note: The Flora of Peru treats this taxon as a synonym of C. pubescens, while Zevallos (1989) accepts it following Hodge (1947). The name is based on Peruvian material but no type is cited. 
Voucher: WD  
Departments: Puno.


$


 Cinchona scrobiculata Humb. & Bonpl.


Cinchona scrobiculata Humb. & Bonpl. = Cinchona pubescens M. Vahl

Reference: FP 1365: 32; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 46. 


$


 Cinchona scrobiculata var. delondriana Wedd.


Cinchona scrobiculata var. delondriana Wedd. = Cinchona pubescens M. Vahl

Reference: FP 1365: 32; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 46. 


$


 Cinchona scrobiculata var. genuina Wedd.


Cinchona scrobiculata var. genuina Wedd. = Cinchona pubescens M. Vahl

Reference: FP 1365: 32; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 46. 


$


 Cinchona stenocarpa Lambert


Cinchona stenocarpa Lambert = Ladenbergia stenocarpa (Lambert) Klotzsch

Reference: FP 1365: 45. 


$


 Cinchona stenosiphon Krause



Cinchona stenosiphon Krause

Reference: Krause, K., 1908: 318. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 3416* (B)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Cinchona stupea Pavon ex Lambert


Cinchona stupea Pavon ex Lambert = Cinchona officinalis L.

Reference: FP 1365: 30; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 41. 


$


 Cinchona subcordata Pav.


Cinchona subcordata Pav. = Cinchona pubescens M. Vahl

Reference: FP 1365: 32; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 46. 


$


 Cinchona suberosa Pav.


Cinchona suberosa Pav. = Cinchona officinalis L.

Reference: FP 1365: 30; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 42. 


$


 Cinchona subsessilis Miq.


Cinchona subsessilis Miq. = Cinchona pubescens M. Vahl

Reference: FP 1365: 32; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 46. 


$


 Cinchona succirubra Pav. ex Klotzsch


Cinchona succirubra Pav. ex Klotzsch = Cinchona pubescens M. Vahl

Reference: FP 1365: 32; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 46. 


$


 Cinchona tarantaron Pavon ex Weddell pro syn.


Cinchona tarantaron Pavon ex Weddell pro syn. = Macrocnemum roseum (Ruiz & Pav.) Wedd.

Reference: FP 1365: 35. 


$


 Cinchona tenuis Ruiz Lopez ex DC.


Cinchona tenuis Ruiz Lopez ex DC. = Cinchona pubescens M. Vahl

Reference: FP 1365: 31; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 46. 


$


 Cinchona umbellulifera Pavon ex Howard



Cinchona umbellulifera Pavon ex Howard

Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 33; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 50. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. . 
Note: The Flora of Peru states "described from Peru, the type collected by Pavon. I have seen no material of the species, whose status is uncertain." 
Voucher: Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA photo F!)


$


 Cinchona undulata Pavon ex Howard


Cinchona undulata Pavon ex Howard = Cinchona glandulifera Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1365: 27; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 30. 


$


 Cinchona uritusinga Pav. ex DC.


Cinchona uritusinga Pav. ex DC. = Cinchona officinalis L.

Reference: FP 1365: 30. 


$


 Cinchona villosa Pav. ex Lamb.


Cinchona villosa Pav. ex Lamb. = Cinchona humboldtiana Lambert

Reference: FP 1365: 28; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 34. 


$


 Cinchona violacea Pav.


Cinchona violacea Pav. = Cinchona officinalis L.

Reference: FP 1365: 30; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 42. 


$


 Cinchona viridiflora Pavon ex Howard


Cinchona viridiflora Pavon ex Howard = Cinchona pubescens M. Vahl

Reference: FP 1365: 32; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 46. 


$


 Cinchona weddelliana Kuntze


Cinchona weddelliana Kuntze = Cinchona officinalis L.

Reference: FP 1365: 30; Zevallos P., P. A., 1989: 42. 


$


 Cinna poiformis (Kunth) Scribn. & Merr.



Cinna poiformis (Kunth) Scribn. & Merr.

Synonyms: Cinna poiformis Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 166. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: riversides. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 3365 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Cinnamomum cinnamomifolium (Kunth) Kostermans



Cinnamomum cinnamomifolium (Kunth) Kostermans

Synonyms: Cinnamomum cinnamomifolium (Kunth) Nees, Cinnamomum cinnamomifolium Kunth
Reference: Kostermans, A. J. G. H., 1961: 20. 
Note: Doubtful identification (van der Werff, pers. comm.). 
Voucher: Jelski 166 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Cinnamomum heterantherum (Ruiz & Pav.) Kosterm.



Cinnamomum heterantherum (Ruiz & Pav.) Kosterm.

Synonyms: Cinnamomum heterantherum (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez, Cinnamomum heterantherum Nees, Cinnamomum heterantherum Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Kostermans, A. J. G. H., 1961: 21. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* 


$


 Cinnamomum heterotepalum (Mez) Kostermans



Cinnamomum heterotepalum (Mez) Kostermans

Synonyms: Cinnamomum heterotepalum Mez
Reference: Kostermans, A. J. G. H., 1961: 21. 
Ecology: Native tree. Andean I: forests. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 3487* (B!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Cinnamomum mathewsii (Meisn.) Kostermans



Cinnamomum mathewsii (Meisn.) Kostermans

Synonyms: Cinnamomum mathewsii (Meisn.) Mez, Cinnamomum mathewsii Meisn.
Reference: Kostermans, A. J. G. H., 1961: 21. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   The generic identification is doubtful (van der Werff, pers. comm.). 
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* 
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Cinnamomum maynense (Nees) Kostermans



Cinnamomum maynense (Nees) Kostermans

Synonyms: Cinnamomum maynense Meisn., Cinnamomum maynense Nees
Reference: Kostermans, A. J. G. H., 1961: 22. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 2305* 
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Cinnamomum peruvianum (Meisn.) Kostermans


Cinnamomum peruvianum (Meisn.) Kostermans = Cinnamomum triplinerve (Ruiz & Pav.) Kostermans

$


 Cinnamomum pichisense (A.C. Sm.) Kostermans



Cinnamomum pichisense (A.C. Sm.) Kostermans

Synonyms: Cinnamomum pichisense A.C. Sm.
Reference: Kostermans, A. J. G. H., 1961: 23. 
Ecology. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 25430* (NY!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Cinnamomum subsessile (Meisn.) Kostermans



Cinnamomum subsessile (Meisn.) Kostermans

Synonyms: Cinnamomum subsessile Meisn.
Reference: Kostermans, A. J. G. H., 1961: 23. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: cloud forests. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Stein 2106 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Cinnamomum triplinerve (Ruiz & Pav.) Kostermans



Cinnamomum triplinerve (Ruiz & Pav.) Kostermans

Synonyms: Cinnamomum triplinerve (Meisn.) Kostermans, Cinnamomum triplinerve (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez, Cinnamomum triplinerve Meisn., Cinnamomum triplinerve Meisn., Cinnamomum triplinerve Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Kostermans, A. J. G. H., 1961: 24. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* 


$


 Cipura goodspeediana (Vargas) R. Foster


Cipura goodspeediana (Vargas) R. Foster = Cipura paludosa Aubl.

Reference: Goldblatt, P. & J. E. Henrich, 1987: 339. 


$


 Cipura paludosa Aubl.



Cipura paludosa Aubl.

Synonyms: Cipura paludosa (Vargas) R. Foster, Cipura paludosa Vargas
Reference: Flora Peru: 1199: 708; Goldblatt, P. & J. E. Henrich, 1987: 339. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests, disturbed areas. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & Reville 16326 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cipuropsis subandina Ule


Cipuropsis subandina Ule = Vriesea subandina (Ule) L.B. Sm. & Pittendr.

Reference: FP 1179: 556; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1977: 1097. 


$


 Cirsium lanceolatum (L.) Scop.


Cirsium lanceolatum (L.) Scop. = Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten.

Reference: FP 1419: 4. 


$


 Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten.



Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten.

Synonyms: Cirsium vulgare (L.) Scop., Cirsium vulgare (Ten.) Airy Shaw, Cirsium vulgare L., Cirsium vulgare Savi
Reference: Flora Peru: 1419: 4. 
Ecology: Introduced herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Brunel 679 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Cirsium vulgare (Ten.) Airy Shaw


Cirsium vulgare (Ten.) Airy Shaw = Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten.

Reference: FP 1419: 4. 


$


 Cischweinfia jarae Dodson & Bennett



Cischweinfia jarae Dodson & Bennett

Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 28. 
Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Bennett 4171* (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Cischweinfia parva (C. Schweinf.) Dressler & N.H. Williams



Cischweinfia parva (C. Schweinf.) Dressler & N.H. Williams

Synonyms: Cischweinfia parva C. Schweinf.
Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 29. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I: forests. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke s.n.* , Bennett 4233 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Cissampelos andromorpha DC.



Cissampelos andromorpha DC.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1274: 683; Rhodes, D. G., 1975: 440. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests on white sand. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 10253 (NY!)
Departments: Loreto, Hu&aacute;nuco, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Cissampelos caapeba L.


Cissampelos caapeba L. = Cissampelos pareira L.

Reference: Rhodes, D. G., 1975: 446. 


$


 Cissampelos cordata Ruiz


Cissampelos cordata Ruiz = Cissampelos pareira L.

Reference: FP 1274: 684. 


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 Cissampelos fasciculata Benth.



Cissampelos fasciculata Benth.

Synonyms: Cissampelos fasciculata Miers
Reference: Flora Peru: 1274: 684; Rhodes, D. G., 1975: 443. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests, riversides. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 5147 (NY!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Piura.


$


 Cissampelos floribunda Miers


Cissampelos floribunda Miers = Cissampelos fasciculata Benth.

Reference: Rhodes, D. G., 1975: 444. 


$


 Cissampelos glaberrima St. Hil.



Cissampelos glaberrima St. Hil.

Reference: Rhodes, D. G., 1975: 429. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: forests. 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 29384 (NY!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Cissampelos grandifolia Triana & Planch.



Cissampelos grandifolia Triana & Planch.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1274: 684; Rhodes, D. G., 1975: 432. 
Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 3567 (NY!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Cissampelos haenkeana Presl


Cissampelos haenkeana Presl = Cissampelos pareira L.

Reference: FP 1274: 684. 


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 Cissampelos hirsutissima Presl


Cissampelos hirsutissima Presl = ?  

Reference: FP 1274: 684. 


$


 Cissampelos laxiflora Moldenke



Cissampelos laxiflora Moldenke

Reference: Rhodes, D. G., 1975: 437. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 52235 (NY!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto.


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 Cissampelos pareira L.



Cissampelos pareira L.

Synonyms: Cissampelos pareira (Presl) Diels, Cissampelos pareira L., Cissampelos pareira Presl, Cissampelos pareira Ruiz
Reference: Flora Peru: 1274: 684; Rhodes, D. G., 1975: 446. 
Ecology: Native liana, vine. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 5315 (NY!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cissampelos pareira var. haenkeana (Presl) Diels


Cissampelos pareira var. haenkeana (Presl) Diels = Cissampelos pareira L.

Reference: FP 1274: 684. 


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 Cissampelos tropaeolifolia DC.



Cissampelos tropaeolifolia DC.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1274: 685; Rhodes, D. G., 1975: 424. 
Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, riversides. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Barbour 5541 (NY!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cissus andina Dugand



Cissus andina Dugand

Reference: Dugand, A., 1970: 487. 
Ecology: Native vine. Andean II: cloud forests. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Smith & Canne 5933 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco.


$


 Cissus canescens Lam.


Cissus canescens Lam. = Cissus verticillata (L.) Nicolson & Jarvis

Reference: FP 1300: 411. 


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 Cissus compressicaulis Ruiz & Pav.


Cissus compressicaulis Ruiz & Pav. = Cissus verticillata (L.) Nicolson & Jarvis

Reference: FP 1300: 411. 


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 Cissus erosa Rich.



Cissus erosa Rich.

Synonyms: Cissus erosa (Kunth) Baker, Cissus erosa (Rich.) Baker, Cissus erosa Kunth, Cissus erosa Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 1300: 409; Elias, T.S., 1968: 87; G&ouml;rts-van Rijn, A. R. A., 1979: 341. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Stein et al. 3968 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Cissus gongylodes (Burch. ex Baker) Planch.



Cissus gongylodes (Burch. ex Baker) Planch.

Synonyms: Cissus gongylodes Baker, Cissus gongylodes Burch. ex Baker
Reference: Flora Peru: 1300: 410; M&uacute;lgura, M. E., 1978: 11. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 2273* (W), Gentry & N&uacute;&ntilde;ez 54244 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Cissus granulosa Ruiz & Pav.



Cissus granulosa Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Cissus granulosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Miq.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1300: 410. 
Ecology: Native vine. Andean II: forests. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA!), Woytkowski 7956 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Pasco.


$



$


 Cissus microcarpa Vahl



Cissus microcarpa Vahl

Synonyms: Cissus microcarpa (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze, Cissus microcarpa Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Elias, T.S., 1968: 88. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: McDaniel & Rimachi 17403 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes, Ucayali.


$


 Cissus neei Croat



Cissus neei Croat

Reference: Croat, T. B., 1976: 359. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Foster & Smith 9429 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco.


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 Cissus obliqua Ruiz & Pav.


Cissus obliqua Ruiz & Pav. = Cissus microcarpa Vahl

Reference: FP 1300: 410; J. Solomon, pers. comm.. 


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 Cissus palmata Poir.



Cissus palmata Poir.

Synonyms: Cissus palmata (Poir.) Baker
Reference: M&uacute;lgura, M. E., 1978: 20. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: McDaniel & Rimachi 22309 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Cissus quadrialata Kunth


Cissus quadrialata Kunth = Cissus erosa Rich.

Reference: FP 1300: 409. 


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 Cissus rhombifolia Vahl



Cissus rhombifolia Vahl

Synonyms: Cissus rhombifolia (Vahl) Baker
Reference: Flora Peru: 1300: 410. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 6150 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes.


$


 Cissus salutaris Kunth


Cissus salutaris Kunth = Cissus erosa Rich.

Reference: FP 1300: 409; Elias, T.S., 1968: 87; G&ouml;rts-van Rijn, A. R. A., 1979: 342. 


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 Cissus sicyoides L.


Cissus sicyoides L. = Cissus verticillata (L.) Nicolson & Jarvis

Reference: FP 1300: 411; Nicolson, D. & C. Jarvis, 1984: 727. 


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 Cissus trianae Planch.



Cissus trianae Planch.

Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1952: 356. 
Ecology: Native vine. Andean II: cloud forests, disturbed areas. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Smith 4209 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Pasco.


$


 Cissus ulmifolia (Baker) Planch.



Cissus ulmifolia (Baker) Planch.

Synonyms: Cissus ulmifolia Baker
Reference: Flora Peru: 1300: 413; G&ouml;rts-van Rijn, A. R. A., 1979: 341. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (W), Schunke 2560 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cissus umbrosa Kunth


Cissus umbrosa Kunth = Cissus verticillata (L.) Nicolson & Jarvis

Reference: FP 1300: 411. 


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 Cissus verticillata (L.) Nicolson & Jarvis



Cissus verticillata (L.) Nicolson & Jarvis

Synonyms: Cissus verticillata (L.) Baker, Cissus verticillata Kunth, Cissus verticillata L., Cissus verticillata L., Cissus verticillata Lam., Cissus verticillata Presl, Cissus verticillata Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1300: 411; Nicolson, D. & C. Jarvis, 1984: 727. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1500 m. 
Note: An earlier name for C. sicyoides.  
Voucher: Stevens 21996 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, Lima, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Piura, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes, Ucayali.


$


 Cistanthe calycina (Philippi) Carolin ex Hershkovitz



Cistanthe calycina (Philippi) Carolin ex Hershkovitz

Synonyms: Cistanthe calycina Philippi
Reference: Hershkovitz, M. A., 1991: 220. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: rocky slopes, shrublands. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: The cited Peru specimen may belong to another species of Cistanthe (Ford, pers. comm.).  
Voucher: Vargas 7992 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa.


$


 Cistanthe celosioides (Phil.) Carolin ex Hershkovitz



Cistanthe celosioides (Phil.) Carolin ex Hershkovitz

Synonyms: Cistanthe celosioides (Philippi) Kuntze, Cistanthe celosioides Philippi
Reference: Hershkovitz, M. A., 1991: 222. 
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. . 
Voucher: Werdermann 231 (F)
Departments: Arequipa, Moquegua, Tacna.


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 Cistanthe lingulata (Ruiz & Pav.) Hershkovitz



Cistanthe lingulata (Ruiz & Pav.) Hershkovitz

Synonyms: Cistanthe lingulata (Ruiz & Pav.) DC., Cistanthe lingulata J.F. Macbr., Cistanthe lingulata Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Hershkovitz, M. A., 1991: 214. 
Ecology: Endemic herb, subshrub. Coastal: disturbed areas, lomas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (G photo F), Ferreyra 13532 (US)
Departments: Ancash, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Cistanthe paniculata (Ruiz & Pav.) Carolin ex Hershkovitz



Cistanthe paniculata (Ruiz & Pav.) Carolin ex Hershkovitz

Synonyms: Cistanthe paniculata (Ruiz & Pav.) DC., Cistanthe paniculata (Ruiz & Pav.) J.F. Macbr., Cistanthe paniculata I.M. Johnst., Cistanthe paniculata J.F. Macbr., Cistanthe paniculata Ruiz & Pav., Cistanthe paniculata Ruiz & Pav., Cistanthe paniculata Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Hershkovitz, M. A., 1991: 216. 
Ecology: Endemic herb, subshrub. Andean I-II, Coastal: lomas, rocky slopes. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Dillon et al. 4627 (F)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Lima, La Libertad, Tacna.


$


 Cistanthe weberbaueri (Diels) Carolin ex Hershkovitz



Cistanthe weberbaueri (Diels) Carolin ex Hershkovitz

Synonyms: Cistanthe weberbaueri Diels
Reference: Hershkovitz, M. A., 1991: 218. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 1000-2000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 1507* (B), Ferreyra 12006 (US)
Departments: Arequipa.


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 Citharexylum andinum Moldenke



Citharexylum andinum Moldenke

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 671; Troncoso, N. S., 1974: 375; Moldenke, H. N., 1975: 338. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Included in the Flora of Peru based on misidentified specimens (Moldenke, 1975). 


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 Citharexylum argutedentatum Moldenke



Citharexylum argutedentatum Moldenke

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 672; Moldenke, H. N., 1966: 280. 
Ecology: Native tree. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 2500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Cook & Gilbert 745* (NY), Tupayachi 702 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Puno.


$


 Citharexylum caudatum L.



Citharexylum caudatum L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 672; Nash, D. L. & M. Nee, 1984: 31. 
Ecology: Cultivated shrub, treelet. . 
Voucher: Raimondi 12507 
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


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 Citharexylum chartaceum Moldenke



Citharexylum chartaceum Moldenke

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 673; Moldenke, H. N., 1966: 284. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I: semi-deciduous forests. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7633* (F), Weberbauer 7678 (F)
Departments: Tumbes.


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 Citharexylum cyanocarpum Hook. & Arn.


Citharexylum cyanocarpum Hook. & Arn. = Rhaphithamnus spinosus (Jussieu) Moldenke

Reference: FP 1286: 688; Moldenke, H. N., 1979: 311. 
Note: NN  


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 Citharexylum dentatum D. Don



Citharexylum dentatum D. Don

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 673; Moldenke, H. N., 1966: 285. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: forests, rocky slopes, shrublands. 3000-4500 m. 
Note: The Flora of Peru uses the incorrect author citation "[Tafalla] D. Don." 
Voucher: Ruiz s.n.* (B photo F!), Smith et al. 12373 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Pasco.


$


 Citharexylum dryanderae Moldenke



Citharexylum dryanderae Moldenke

Reference: Moldenke, H. N., 1941: 13. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Tunqui 766 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Citharexylum flexuosum (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) D. Don



Citharexylum flexuosum (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) D. Don

$


 Citharexylum flexuosum var.flexuosum



Citharexylum flexuosum var. flexuosum 

Synonyms: Citharexylum flexuosum flexuosum Brougnart, Citharexylum flexuosum flexuosum D. Don, Citharexylum flexuosum flexuosum Kunth, Citharexylum flexuosum flexuosum Miers, Citharexylum flexuosum flexuosum Ruiz & Pav., Citharexylum flexuosum flexuosum Ruiz & Pav., Citharexylum flexuosum flexuosum Rusby
Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 674; Moldenke, H. N., 1966: 286. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Rose & Rose 18988 (US)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lima.


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 Citharexylum flexuosum var.glaberrimum Moldenke



Citharexylum flexuosum var. glaberrimum Moldenke

Reference: Moldenke, H. N., 1972: 180. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas. 1500-3500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Smith & Blas 4905* (US)
Departments: Ancash.


$


 Citharexylum flexuosum var. subglabrum Moldenke


Citharexylum flexuosum var. subglabrum Moldenke = Lycium americanum Jacq.

Reference: FP 1349: 9; Bernardello, L. M., 1984: 136. 


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 Citharexylum herrerae Mansf.



Citharexylum herrerae Mansf.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 675; Moldenke, H. N., 1966: 291. 
Ecology. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Herrera 677* (B photo F), Ferreyra 9856 
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cuzco.


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 Citharexylum ilicifolium Kunth



Citharexylum ilicifolium Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 676; Troncoso, N. S., 1974: 373. 
Ecology: Native shrub, treelet. Andean II: disturbed areas. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Gay 1339 (P)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Lima.


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 Citharexylum iltisii Moldenke



Citharexylum iltisii Moldenke

Reference: Moldenke, H. N., 1969: 70. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas. 3000-3500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Iltis & Ugent 678* (WIS)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac.


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 Citharexylum kobuskianum Moldenke



Citharexylum kobuskianum Moldenke

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 676; Moldenke, H. N., 1966: 294. 
Ecology: Endemic Andean II: forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Jelski s.n.* (B), Vargas 39 (US)
Departments: Cajamarca, La Libertad.


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 Citharexylum laurifolium Hayek



Citharexylum laurifolium Hayek

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 676; Moldenke, H. N., 1966: 295. 
Ecology. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 873* (B photo F), Weberbauer 6604 (F)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Puno.


$


 Citharexylum megacanthum Rusby


Citharexylum megacanthum Rusby = Citharexylum flexuosum var. flexuosum 

Reference: FP 1286: 677; Moldenke, H. N., 1959: 254. 


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 Citharexylum pachyphyllum Moldenke



Citharexylum pachyphyllum Moldenke

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 Citharexylum pachyphyllum var.canescens Moldenke



Citharexylum pachyphyllum var. canescens Moldenke

Reference: Moldenke, H. N., 1967: 216. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas. 3000-3500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Iltis et al. 488* (WIS)
Departments: Ayacucho.


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 Citharexylum pachyphyllum var.pachyphyllum



Citharexylum pachyphyllum var. pachyphyllum 

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 677; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 132. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: riversides. 2500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 3090* (NY), Tupayachi 721 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Puno.


$


 Citharexylum pachyphyllum var.pesquedense Moldenke



Citharexylum pachyphyllum var. pesquedense Moldenke

Reference: Moldenke, H. N., 1984: 144. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Coastal: rocky slopes. 0-1000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Hudson 1062* (MO)
Departments: La Libertad.


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 Citharexylum poeppigii var.margaritaceum Moldenke



Citharexylum poeppigii var. margaritaceum Moldenke

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 678; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 132. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 2219* (W), Tunqui 1001 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Ucayali.


$


 Citharexylum poeppigii var.poeppigii



Citharexylum poeppigii var. poeppigii 

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 678; L&oacute;pez-Palacios, S., 1977: 244. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests, riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Berlin 3531 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Citharexylum poeppigii Walp.



Citharexylum poeppigii Walp.

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 Citharexylum punctatum Greenm.



Citharexylum punctatum Greenm.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 679; Troncoso, N. S., 1974: 375. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Stein et al. 2014 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Puno.


$


 Citharexylum quercifolium Hayek



Citharexylum quercifolium Hayek

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 679; Moldenke, H. N., 1966: 303. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 2000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4248* (B), Sag&aacute;stegui 9688 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Citharexylum reticulatum Kunth



Citharexylum reticulatum Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 680; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 132. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Hartshorn et al. 1663 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Loreto.


$


 Citharexylum retusum D. Don


Citharexylum retusum D. Don = Citharexylum flexuosum var. flexuosum 

Reference: FP 1286: 674; Moldenke, H. N., 1959: 258. 


$


 Citharexylum scandens Briquet & Spruce


Citharexylum scandens Briquet & Spruce = Schlegelia scandens (Briquet & Spruce) Sandwith

Reference: FP 1362: 96; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 339. 


$


 Citharexylum spicatum Rusby


Citharexylum spicatum Rusby = Aegiphila spicata (Rusby) Moldenke

Reference: Moldenke, H. N., 1933: 129. 


$


 Citharexylum spinosum Kunth


Citharexylum spinosum Kunth = Citharexylum flexuosum var. flexuosum 

Reference: FP 1286: 674; Moldenke, H. N., 1959: 258. 


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 Citharexylum suberosum Loes. ex Moldenke



Citharexylum suberosum Loes. ex Moldenke

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 680; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 132. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Andean II: disturbed areas. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 5916* (NY)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac.


$


 Citharexylum subflavescens S.F. Blake



Citharexylum subflavescens S.F. Blake

Reference: L&oacute;pez-Palacios, S., 1977: 251. 
Ecology: Native treelet. . 
Voucher: Ferreyra & Acleto 15205 (UC)
Departments: Amazonas.


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 Citharexylum ulei Moldenke



Citharexylum ulei Moldenke

Reference: Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 132. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 15338 (US)
Departments: Cuzco.


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 Citharexylum weberbaueri Hayek



Citharexylum weberbaueri Hayek

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 680; Moldenke, H. N., 1966: 317. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 3731* (GB), Angulo 1267 (Z)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, La Libertad.


$


 Citronella ilicifolia (Sleumer) R.A. Howard



Citronella ilicifolia (Sleumer) R.A. Howard

Synonyms: Citronella ilicifolia R.A. Howard, Citronella ilicifolia Sleumer
Reference: Flora Peru: 693: 228; Howard, R. A., 1942: 79. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub, tree. Andean II: forests. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6617* (B), Sag&aacute;stegui 6492 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Citronella incarum (J.F. Macbr.) R.A. Howard



Citronella incarum (J.F. Macbr.) R.A. Howard

Synonyms: Citronella incarum J.F. Macbr., Citronella incarum Sleumer
Reference: Flora Peru: 693: 228; Howard, R. A., 1942: 77. 
Ecology: Native tree, treelet. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 4050* (F), Berlin 1761 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Citronella melliodora (Sleumer) R.A. Howard



Citronella melliodora (Sleumer) R.A. Howard

Synonyms: Citronella melliodora Sleumer
Reference: Flora Peru: 693: 229; Howard, R. A., 1942: 77. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: This species is probably conspecific with C. incarum. 
Voucher: Tessmann 4474* (B)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Citronella peruviana R.A. Howard


Citronella peruviana R.A. Howard = Citronella ilicifolia (Sleumer) R.A. Howard

Reference: FP 693: 228; Howard, R. A., 1942: 79. 


$


 Citrosma amazonum Tul.


Citrosma amazonum Tul. = Siparuna asperula (Tul.) A. DC.

Reference: FP 608: 802. 


$


 Citrosma aspera Ruiz & Pav. ex Tul.


Citrosma aspera Ruiz & Pav. ex Tul. = Siparuna tomentosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Perkins

Reference: FP 608: 801. 


$


 Citrosma asperula Tul.


Citrosma asperula Tul. = Siparuna asperula (Tul.) A. DC.

Reference: FP 608: 802. 


$


 Citrosma bifida Poepp. & Endl.


Citrosma bifida Poepp. & Endl. = Siparuna bifida (Poepp. ex Endl.) A. DC.

Reference: FP 608: 802. 


$


 Citrosma cristata Poepp. & Endl.


Citrosma cristata Poepp. & Endl. = Siparuna cristata (Poepp. ex Endl.) A. DC.

$


 Citrosma decipiens Tul.


Citrosma decipiens Tul. = Siparuna decipiens (Tul.) A. DC.

Reference: FP 608: 804. 


$


 Citrosma discolor P. & E.


Citrosma discolor P. & E. = Siparuna guianensis Aubl.

Reference: Renner, pers. comm.. 


$


 Citrosma eriocalyx Tul.


Citrosma eriocalyx Tul. = Siparuna pyricarpa (Ruiz & Pav.) Perkins

Reference: FP 608: 805; Renner, pers. comm.. 


$


 Citrosma laurifolia Kunth


Citrosma laurifolia Kunth = Siparuna laurifolia (HBK) A. DC.

$


 Citrosma limoniodora Ruiz & Pav. ex Tul.


Citrosma limoniodora Ruiz & Pav. ex Tul. = Siparuna pyricarpa (Ruiz & Pav.) Perkins

Reference: FP 608: 814; Renner, pers. comm.. 


$


 Citrosma macrophylla Kunth


Citrosma macrophylla Kunth = Siparuna pyricarpa (Ruiz & Pav.) Perkins

$


 Citrosma muricata Ruiz & Pav.


Citrosma muricata Ruiz & Pav. = Siparuna muricata (Ruiz & Pav.) A. DC.

Reference: FP 608: 810. 


$



$


 Citrosma neglecta Tul.


Citrosma neglecta Tul. = Siparuna neglecta (Tul.) A. DC.

Reference: FP 608: 810. 


$


 Citrosma ovalis Ruiz & Pav.


Citrosma ovalis Ruiz & Pav. = Siparuna ovalis (Ruiz & Pav.) A. DC.

Reference: FP 608: 811. 


$


 Citrosma paniculata Sprengel


Citrosma paniculata Sprengel = Endlicheria paniculata (Sprengel) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 610: 850. 


$


 Citrosma pauciflora Beurl.


Citrosma pauciflora Beurl. = Siparuna pauciflora (Beurl.) A. DC.

Reference: FP 608: 812. 


$


 Citrosma poeppigii Tul.


Citrosma poeppigii Tul. = Siparuna poeppigii (Tul.) A. DC.

Reference: FP 608: 813. 


$


 Citrosma pyricarpa Ruiz & Pav.


Citrosma pyricarpa Ruiz & Pav. = Siparuna pyricarpa (Ruiz & Pav.) Perkins

Reference: FP 608: 814; Renner, pers. comm.. 


$


 Citrosma radiata Poepp. & Endl.


Citrosma radiata Poepp. & Endl. = Siparuna radiata (Poepp. ex Endl.) A. DC.

Reference: FP 608: 814. 


$


 Citrosma suaveolens Tul.


Citrosma suaveolens Tul. = Siparuna suaveolens (Tul.) A. DC.

Reference: FP 608: 815. 


$


 Citrosma subinodora Ruiz & Pav.


Citrosma subinodora Ruiz & Pav. = Siparuna subinodora (Ruiz & Pav.) A. DC.

Reference: FP 608: 816. 


$


 Citrosma thecaphora Poepp. & Endl.


Citrosma thecaphora Poepp. & Endl. = Siparuna thecaphora (Poepp. & Endl.) A. DC.

Reference: FP 608: 816. 


$


 Citrosma tomentosa Ruiz & Pav.


Citrosma tomentosa Ruiz & Pav. = Siparuna tomentosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Perkins

Reference: FP 608: 817. 


$


 Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai



Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai

Synonyms: Citrullus lanatus Schrad. ex Eckl. & Zeyh., Citrullus lanatus Thunb.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1379: 364; Hara, H., 1969: 346; Jeffrey, C., 1984: 495. 
Ecology: Cultivated vine. Amazonian, Coastal: disturbed areas, lomas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Dillon 3254 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Lima, Loreto.


$


 Citrullus vulgaris Schrad. ex Eckl. & Zeyh.


Citrullus vulgaris Schrad. ex Eckl. & Zeyh. = Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai

Reference: FP 1379: 364. 


$


 Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle



Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle

Synonyms: Citrus aurantifolia Christm.
Reference: Flora Peru: 655: 658. 
Ecology: Cultivated tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Smith 1863 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Loreto, Pasco.


$


 Citrus aurantium L.



Citrus aurantium L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 655: 659. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f.



Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f.

Synonyms: Citrus limon L., Citrus limon Risso
Reference: Flora Peru: 655: 659. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Kujikat 460 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto.


$


 Citrus limonum Risso


Citrus limonum Risso = Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f.

Reference: FP 655: 659. 


$


 Citrus medica L.



Citrus medica L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 655: 660. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Citrus medica var. limon L.


Citrus medica var. limon L. = Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f.

Reference: FP 655: 659. 


$


 Cladium jamaicense Crantz



Cladium jamaicense Crantz

$


 Cladobium violaceum Lindl.


Cladobium violaceum Lindl. = Scaphyglottis graminifolia (R. & P.) Poepp. & Endl.

Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 169; Adams, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cladocolea archeri (A.C. Sm.) Kuijt



Cladocolea archeri (A.C. Sm.) Kuijt

Synonyms: Cladocolea archeri A.C. Sm.
Reference: Kuijt, J., 1975: 296; Kuijt, J., 1986: 135. 
Ecology: Native parasitic shrub. Andean II: elfin forests. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Dudley 13450 (F)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Cladocolea harlingii Kuijt



Cladocolea harlingii Kuijt

Reference: Kuijt, J., 1975: 296; Kuijt, J., 1986: 137. 
Ecology: Native parasitic shrub. Andean II: shrublands. 1500-2500 m. 
Note: Scandent parasitic shrub.  
Voucher: Llatas 2002 (LEA!)
Departments: Lambayeque.


$


 Cladocolea micrantha (Eichler) Kuijt



Cladocolea micrantha (Eichler) Kuijt

Synonyms: Cladocolea micrantha (Eichler) Baehni & J. F. Macbride, Cladocolea micrantha Eichler
Reference: Kuijt, J., 1991: 288. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Clarionea ciliosa Philippi


Clarionea ciliosa Philippi = Perezia ciliosa (Phil.) Reiche

Reference: Simpson-Vuilleumier, B., 1969 [1970]: 104. 


$


 Clarionea macrocephala Schultz-Bip., nom. nud.


Clarionea macrocephala Schultz-Bip., nom. nud. = Perezia pungens (Humb. & Bonpl.) Less.

$


 Clarisia biflora Ruiz & Pav.



Clarisia biflora Ruiz & Pav.

$


 Clarisia biflora subsp.biflora



Clarisia biflora subsp. biflora 

Reference: Flora Peru: 1233: 314; Burger, W. C., 1962: 22. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: seasonally inundated areas, terra firme forests. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Hartshorn 1692 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Clarisia nitida (Allem&atilde;o) J.F. Macbr.


Clarisia nitida (Allem&atilde;o) J.F. Macbr. = Clarisia racemosa Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1233: 314; Burger, W. C., 1962: 24. 


$


 Clarisia racemosa Ruiz & Pav.



Clarisia racemosa Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Clarisia racemosa (Allem&atilde;o) J.F. Macbr., Clarisia racemosa Allem&atilde;o
Reference: Flora Peru: 1233: 314; Burger, W. C., 1962: 24; Spichiger, R., J. Meroz, P. Loizeau & L. Stutz de Ortega, 1989: 35. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, terra firme forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Smith & Foster 2492 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Clarkia tenella (Cav.) Lewis & Lewis



Clarkia tenella (Cav.) Lewis & Lewis

$


 Clarkia tenella (Cav.) Lewis & Lewis subsp.tenella



Clarkia tenella (Cav.) Lewis & Lewis subsp. tenella 

Synonyms: Clarkia tenella tenella (Cav.) Spach ex Steud., Clarkia tenella tenella Cav.
Reference: Moore, D.M. & H. Lewis, 1965: 333. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Known from Chile and Argentina.  Specimens listed in the Flora of Peru as Godetia tenella were not cited by Moore & Lewis (1965). 


$


 Clarkia tenella subsp.tenuifolia (Cav.) D. M. Moore & Lewis



Clarkia tenella subsp. tenuifolia (Cav.) D. M. Moore & Lewis

Synonyms: Clarkia tenella tenuifolia (Cav.) Spach, Clarkia tenella tenuifolia Cav.
Reference: Moore, D.M. & H. Lewis, 1965: 335. 
Note: Not known from Peru. . Known from Chile.  Specimens listed in the Flora of Peru as Godetia tenuifolia were not cited by Moore & Lewis (1965). 


$


 Clathrotropis grandiflora (Tul.) Harms


Clathrotropis grandiflora (Tul.) Harms = Ormosia grandiflora (Tul.) Rudd

Reference: Rudd, V. E., 1965: 301. 


$


 Clavija elliptica Mez



Clavija elliptica Mez

Reference: Flora Peru: 1334: 156; Stahl, B., 1991: 55. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Mathias & Taylor 6031 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto.


$


 Clavija euerganea J.F. Macbr.



Clavija euerganea J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1334: 156; St&aring;hl, B., 1990: 8; Stahl, B., 1991: 51. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I-II: forests. 500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7657* (F), Plowman et al. 14287 (F)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Tumbes.


$


 Clavija fulgens Hook. f.



Clavija fulgens Hook. f.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1334: 157; Stahl, B., 1991: 74. 
Note: Listed as dubious species by St&aring;hl (1991c).  


$


 Clavija harlingii Stahl



Clavija harlingii Stahl

Reference: St&aring;hl, B., 1990: 15; Stahl, B., 1991: 37. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 43829 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Clavija hookeri A. DC.



Clavija hookeri A. DC.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1334: 157; Stahl, B., 1991: 52. 
Ecology. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 1600* (K), Killip & Smith 26454 (NY)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clavija jelskii Szyszylowicz



Clavija jelskii Szyszylowicz

Reference: Flora Peru: 1334: 157; Stahl, B., 1991: 40. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Andean II: forests. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Jelski 260* (W photo F!), Woytkowski 6942 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Clavija leucocraspeda B. St&aring;hl



Clavija leucocraspeda B. St&aring;hl

Reference: Stahl, B., 1991: 42. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 7292* (MO!), Woytkowski 7175 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clavija longifolia Ruiz & Pav.



Clavija longifolia Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Clavija longifolia (Kuntze) Mez, Clavija longifolia Kuntze
Reference: Flora Peru: 1334: 158; Stahl, B., 1991: 40. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n [Tafalla?] s.n.* (MA), Schunke 4884 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clavija macrocarpa Ruiz & Pav.



Clavija macrocarpa Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Clavija macrocarpa Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Stahl, B., 1991: 38. 
Ecology. 1000-2000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Macbride 4262 (F)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Clavija myrmeciocarpa B. St&aring;hl



Clavija myrmeciocarpa B. St&aring;hl

Reference: Stahl, B., 1991: 50. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 4453* (MO!), Woytkowski 5627 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Clavija parviflora Mez


Clavija parviflora Mez = Clavija tarapotana Mez

Reference: FP 1334: 158; Stahl, B., 1991: 41. 
Note: NN  


$


 Clavija parvula Mez



Clavija parvula Mez

Reference: Flora Peru: 1334: 159; St&aring;hl, B., 1990: 11; Stahl, B., 1991: 50. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   According to St&aring;hl (1991c) this species is endemic to coastal Ecuador.  


$


 Clavija peruviana B. St&aring;hl



Clavija peruviana B. St&aring;hl

Reference: Stahl, B., 1991: 50. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I-II: forests. 500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Plowman & Davis 4848* (GH!), Ch&aacute;vez 228 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Clavija poeppigii Mez



Clavija poeppigii Mez

Reference: Flora Peru: 1334: 159; Stahl, B., 1991: 48. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, treelet. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 1944* (W), V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 8343 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Clavija radlkoferi Mez


Clavija radlkoferi Mez = Clavija spinosa (Vell.) Mez

Reference: FP 1334: 160; Stahl, B., 1991: 62. 
Note: NN  


$


 Clavija reflexiflora Killip


Clavija reflexiflora Killip = Clavija weberbaueri Mez

Reference: FP 1334: 160; St&aring;hl, B., 1990: 17; Stahl, B., 1991: 60. 


$


 Clavija ruiziana (Kuntze) Mez


Clavija ruiziana (Kuntze) Mez = Clavija longifolia Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1334: 158; Stahl, B., 1991: 40. 


$


 Clavija spathulata Ruiz & Pav.


Clavija spathulata Ruiz & Pav. = Clavija macrocarpa Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1334: 161; Stahl, B., 1991: 38. 


$


 Clavija spinosa (Vell.) Mez



Clavija spinosa (Vell.) Mez

Synonyms: Clavija spinosa Mez, Clavija spinosa Vell.
Reference: Stahl, B., 1991: 62. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Clavija tarapotana Mez



Clavija tarapotana Mez

Synonyms: Clavija tarapotana Mez, Clavija tarapotana Rusby
Reference: Flora Peru: 1334: 161; Stahl, B., 1991: 41. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Spruce 4149* (W photo F!), Klug 3799 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Clavija tarapotana Rusby


Clavija tarapotana Rusby = Clavija tarapotana Mez

Reference: FP 1334: 161. 


$


 Clavija undulata D. Don


Clavija undulata D. Don = Clavija pungens (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Decne.

Reference: FP 1334: 160; Stahl, B., 1991: 48. 


$


 Clavija venosa B. St&aring;hl



Clavija venosa B. St&aring;hl

Reference: St&aring;hl, B., 1990: 19; Stahl, B., 1991: 54. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: van der Werff 9907 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Pasco.


$


 Clavija weberbaueri Mez



Clavija weberbaueri Mez

Synonyms: Clavija weberbaueri Killip
Reference: Flora Peru: 1334: 162; St&aring;hl, B., 1990: 17; Stahl, B., 1991: 60. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 1836* (B photo F!), Foster 8755 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Claytonia alba (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze


Claytonia alba (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze = Calandrinia alba (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.

Reference: FP 1263: 569. 


$


 Cleidion amazonicum Ule



Cleidion amazonicum Ule

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 156. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 2367 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Ucayali.


$


 Cleidion castaneifolium M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Cleidion castaneifolium M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 156; Webster, G. L. & M. J. Huft, 1988: 1103. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   According to Webster & Huft (1988) this species is not definitely known from Peru as the holotype was marked "Peru", but a possible isotype is labeled as having been collected from Guayaquil, Ecuador. 


$


 Cleidion membranaceum Pax & K. Hoffm.



Cleidion membranaceum Pax & K. Hoffm.

Reference: Webster, G. L. & M. J. Huft, 1988: 1103. 
Ecology: Native tree. . 
Voucher: Plowman et al. 11246 (F)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Cleidion nicaraguense Hemsl.


Cleidion nicaraguense Hemsl. = Acidoton nicaraguensis (Hemsl.) G.L. Webster

Reference: Webster, G. L., 1967: 191. 


$



$


 Cleistes rosea Lindl.



Cleistes rosea Lindl.

Synonyms: Cleistes rosea (Lindl.) Rchb. f., Cleistes rosea (Poepp. & Endl.) Schltr., Cleistes rosea Poepp. & Endl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 40; Garay, L. A., 1978: 40; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx; Christenson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Andean I: disturbed areas. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 1601B* (W), Woytkowski 6228 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cleistes vargasii (C. Schweinf.) M. E. Medley



Cleistes vargasii (C. Schweinf.) M. E. Medley

Synonyms: Cleistes vargasii C. Schweinf.
Reference: Medley, M. E., 1991: 102. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Andean I-II: forests. 500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 6306* (AMES)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Cleistocactus acanthurus (Vaupel) D.R. Hunt



Cleistocactus acanthurus (Vaupel) D.R. Hunt

Synonyms: Cleistocactus acanthurus (Backeb.) F. Ritter, Cleistocactus acanthurus (Backeberg & Krainz) Krainz, Cleistocactus acanthurus (Rauh & Backeb.) F. Ritter, Cleistocactus acanthurus (Vaupel) Backeb., Cleistocactus acanthurus (Vaupel) Borg, Cleistocactus acanthurus (Vaupel) Britton & Rose, Cleistocactus acanthurus (Werdermann & Backeberg) Backeb., Cleistocactus acanthurus (Werdermann & Backeberg) Backeb., Cleistocactus acanthurus (Werdermann & Backeberg) Borg, Cleistocactus acanthurus Backeb., Cleistocactus acanthurus Backeb., Cleistocactus acanthurus Backeb., Cleistocactus acanthurus Backeb., Cleistocactus acanthurus Backeb. & Krainz, Cleistocactus acanthurus F. Ritter, Cleistocactus acanthurus F. Ritter, Cleistocactus acanthurus F. Ritter, Cleistocactus acanthurus F. Ritter, Cleistocactus acanthurus F. Ritter, Cleistocactus acanthurus F. Ritter, Cleistocactus acanthurus F. Ritter, Cleistocactus acanthurus F. Ritter, Cleistocactus acanthurus F. Ritter, Cleistocactus acanthurus F. Ritter, Cleistocactus acanthurus F. Ritter, Cleistocactus acanthurus F. Ritter, Cleistocactus acanthurus F. Ritter, Cleistocactus acanthurus Rauh & Backeb., Cleistocactus acanthurus Rauh & Backeb., Cleistocactus acanthurus Rauh & Backeb., Cleistocactus acanthurus Rauh & Backeb., Cleistocactus acanthurus Rauh & Backeb., Cleistocactus acanthurus Rauh & Backeb., Cleistocactus acanthurus Rauh & Backeb., Cleistocactus acanthurus Rauh & Backeb., Cleistocactus acanthurus Rauh & Backeb., Cleistocactus acanthurus Rauh & Backeb., Cleistocactus acanthurus Rauh & Backeb., Cleistocactus acanthurus Vaupel, Cleistocactus acanthurus Werdermann & Backeberg
Reference: Hunt, D. & N. Taylor, 1987: 92; Hunt, D., 1992: 42. 
Ecology: Endemic Terrestrial, scandent cactus. Andean I-II, Coastal: desert, disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 1699* (B), Rauh K166 [1956] (ZSS)
Departments: Ica, Lima.


$


 Cleistocactus aureus (Meyen) A. Weber


Cleistocactus aureus (Meyen) A. Weber = Corryocactus aureus (Meyen) Hutchison

Reference: Buxbaum, F., 1963: 9; Ritter, F., 1981: 1279. 


$


 Cleistocactus brevispinus F. Ritter



Cleistocactus brevispinus F. Ritter

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1360; Hunt, D., 1992: 43. 
Ecology: Endemic Sprawling cactus. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Ritter 1297* (U)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac.


$


 Cleistocactus celesianus (Lem. ex Salm-Dyck) A. Weber


Cleistocactus celesianus (Lem. ex Salm-Dyck) A. Weber = Oreocereus celsianus (Lem. ex Salm-Dyck) Riccob.

Reference: Kimnach, M., 1960: 59; Riccobono, V., 1909: 259; Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1920: 171. 


$


 Cleistocactus chotaensis A. Weber



Cleistocactus chotaensis A. Weber

Synonyms: Cleistocactus chotaensis F. Ritter
Reference: Weber, A., 1904: 47; Hunt, D., 1992: 43. 
Ecology: Endemic Sprawling cactus. Coastal: dry valleys, rocky slopes. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Andr&eacute; 3597* (P), Ritter 1469 (U)
Departments: La Libertad.


$


 Cleistocactus crassiserpens Rauh & Backeberg (pro sp.)



Cleistocactus crassiserpens Rauh & Backeberg (pro sp.)

Synonyms: Cleistocactus crassiserpens (Rauh & Backeberg (pro sp.)) Backeb.
Reference: Backeberg, C., 1956: 17; Rauh, W., 1958: 321; Hunt, D., 1992: 43. 
Ecology: Endemic Sprawling cactus. Andean II: rocky slopes, shrublands. 1500-2000 m. 
Note: Hybrid.  Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992), but listed as a hybrid between C. icosagonus and C. serpens. 
Voucher: Rauh K126 [1954]* (ZSS)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Cleistocactus fieldianus (Britton & Rose) D.R. Hunt



Cleistocactus fieldianus (Britton & Rose) D.R. Hunt

Synonyms: Cleistocactus fieldianus (Akers & Buining) Backeb., Cleistocactus fieldianus (Akers & Buining) Krainz, Cleistocactus fieldianus (Britton & Rose) Backeb., Cleistocactus fieldianus (F. Ritter) Backeb., Cleistocactus fieldianus Akers & Buining, Cleistocactus fieldianus Britton & Rose, Cleistocactus fieldianus F. Ritter, Cleistocactus fieldianus F. Ritter
Reference: Hunt, D. & N. Taylor, 1987: 92; Hunt, D., 1992: 43. 
Ecology: Endemic Climbing or sprawling cactus. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 2519* (F), Ritter 679 (U)
Departments: Ancash.


$


 Cleistocactus humboldtii (Kunth) A. Weber


Cleistocactus humboldtii (Kunth) A. Weber = Cleistocactus icosagonus (Kunth) A. Weber

Reference: Madsen, J. E., 1989: 16; Hunt, D., 1992: 43. 


$


 Cleistocactus icosagonus (Kunth) A. Weber



Cleistocactus icosagonus (Kunth) A. Weber

Synonyms: Cleistocactus icosagonus (Backeb.) Backeb., Cleistocactus icosagonus (Backeb.) Backeb., Cleistocactus icosagonus (Backeb.) Krainz, Cleistocactus icosagonus (DC.) Britton & Rose, Cleistocactus icosagonus (K. Schum.) Backeb., Cleistocactus icosagonus (K. Schum.) Britton & Rose, Cleistocactus icosagonus (Kunth) A. Weber, Cleistocactus icosagonus (Kunth) Backeb., Cleistocactus icosagonus (Kunth) Backeb., Cleistocactus icosagonus (Kunth) Backeb., Cleistocactus icosagonus (Kunth) Backeb., Cleistocactus icosagonus (Kunth) Britton & Rose, Cleistocactus icosagonus (Kunth) Buxb., Cleistocactus icosagonus (Kunth) Buxb., Cleistocactus icosagonus (Kunth) DC., Cleistocactus icosagonus (Kunth) DC., Cleistocactus icosagonus Backeb., Cleistocactus icosagonus Backeb., Cleistocactus icosagonus Backeb., Cleistocactus icosagonus K. Schum., Cleistocactus icosagonus K. Schum., Cleistocactus icosagonus Kunth, Cleistocactus icosagonus Kunth
Reference: Weber, A., 1904: 34; Madsen, J. E., 1989: 16; Hunt, D., 1992: 43. 
Ecology: Native Sprawling cactus. Andean II: rocky slopes. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison 1595 (MO!)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Cleistocactus lanatus (Kunth) A. Weber


Cleistocactus lanatus (Kunth) A. Weber = Espostoa lanata (Kunth) Britton & Rose

Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1920: 61; Rauh, W., 1958: 521; Ritter, F., 1981: 1437. 


$


 Cleistocactus morawetzianus Backeb.



Cleistocactus morawetzianus Backeb.

Synonyms: Cleistocactus morawetzianus F. Ritter, Cleistocactus morawetzianus Rauh & Backeb.
Reference: Rauh, W., 1958: 320; Ritter, F., 1981: 1360; Hunt, D., 1992: 43. 
Ecology: Endemic Terrestrial, scandent cactus. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2000-2500 m. 
Note:   
Voucher: Rauh K75 [1954] (ZSS)
Departments: Huancavelica.


$


 Cleistocactus morawetzianus var. pycnacanthus Rauh & Backeb.


Cleistocactus morawetzianus var. pycnacanthus Rauh & Backeb. = Cleistocactus morawetzianus Backeb.

Reference: Backeberg, C., 1956: 17; Rauh, W., 1958: 321. 


$


 Cleistocactus neoroezlii (F. Ritter) Buxb.



Cleistocactus neoroezlii (F. Ritter) Buxb.

Synonyms: Cleistocactus neoroezlii F. Ritter
Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1378; Hunt, D., 1992: 43. 
Ecology: Native Terrestrial, scandent cactus. Andean II: rocky slopes, shrublands. 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  Treated under Borzicactus by Ritter (1981). 
Voucher: Ritter 801* (U)
Departments: Piura.


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 Cleistocactus pungens F. Ritter



Cleistocactus pungens F. Ritter

Reference: Ritter, F., 1964: 115; Hunt, D., 1992: 43. 
Ecology: Endemic Terrestrial, scandent cactus. Andean II: dry valleys, rocky slopes. 1500-2000 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Ritter 664* (U)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho.


$


 Cleistocactus roezlii (F. Haage ex Schumann) Backeb.



Cleistocactus roezlii (F. Haage ex Schumann) Backeb.

Synonyms: Cleistocactus roezlii (F. Haage ex Schumann) Backeb., Cleistocactus roezlii (F. Haage ex Schumann) Backeb., Cleistocactus roezlii (F. Haage ex Schumann) Borg, Cleistocactus roezlii F. Haage ex Schumann
Reference: Hunt, D., 1992: 43. 
Ecology. 500-2000 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  Peru distribution according to Hunt (1992). 
Departments: Lambayeque.


$


 Cleistocactus samaipatensis (C&aacute;rdenas) D.R. Hunt



Cleistocactus samaipatensis (C&aacute;rdenas) D.R. Hunt

Synonyms: Cleistocactus samaipatensis (C&aacute;rdenas) Kimnach, Cleistocactus samaipatensis Buining, Cleistocactus samaipatensis C&aacute;rdenas
Reference: Hunt, D. & N. Taylor, 1987: 92; Hunt, D., 1992: 44. 
Ecology: Native Erect, branched or columnar cactus. Coastal: lomas, rocky slopes. 0-500 m. 
Note: Not listed from Peru by Hunt (1992); type locality of Akersia roseiflora is from Arequipa, Peru (Buining, 1961: 25).  
Voucher: Akers s.n. (U)
Departments: Arequipa.


$


 Cleistocactus sepium (Kunth) A. Weber



Cleistocactus sepium (Kunth) A. Weber

Synonyms: Cleistocactus sepium (Backeb.) Backeb., Cleistocactus sepium (H.B.K.) DC., Cleistocactus sepium (Kunth) Britton & Rose, Cleistocactus sepium Backeb., Cleistocactus sepium Backeb., Cleistocactus sepium Kunth
Reference: Weber, A., 1904: 36; Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1920: 160; Hunt, D., 1992: 44. 
Ecology: Native Sprawling cactus. Andean II: rocky slopes, shrublands. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Not listed for Peru by Hunt (1992); presence based on distribution of Loxanthocereus jajoianus (Rauh, 1958: 298). 
Voucher: Ritter 189 (U)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Cleistocactus serpens (Kunth) A. Weber



Cleistocactus serpens (Kunth) A. Weber

Synonyms: Cleistocactus serpens (H.B.K.) Backeb., Cleistocactus serpens (Kunth) DC., Cleistocactus serpens (Kunth) F. Ritter, Cleistocactus serpens (Kunth) Kimnach, Cleistocactus serpens Kunth
Reference: Weber, A., 1904: 39; Rauh, W., 1958: 321; Ritter, F., 1981: 1387. 
Ecology: Endemic Terrestrial, scandent cactus. Andean I-II: rocky slopes, shrublands. 1000-2000 m. 
Note: Treated by Ritter (1981) under Borzicactella.  
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland s.n.* (P-H&B), Ritter 288 (U)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Cleistocactus sextonianus (Backeb.) D.R. Hunt



Cleistocactus sextonianus (Backeb.) D.R. Hunt

Synonyms: Cleistocactus sextonianus (Akers & Buining) Backeb., Cleistocactus sextonianus (Backeb.) Kimnach, Cleistocactus sextonianus (Backeberg) Backeb., Cleistocactus sextonianus (Rauh & Backeb.) Krainz, Cleistocactus sextonianus (Rauh & Backeb.) Krainz, Cleistocactus sextonianus Akers & Buining, Cleistocactus sextonianus Backeb., Cleistocactus sextonianus Backeb., Cleistocactus sextonianus Backeb., Cleistocactus sextonianus Backeb., Cleistocactus sextonianus F. Ritter, Cleistocactus sextonianus F. Ritter, Cleistocactus sextonianus F. Ritter, Cleistocactus sextonianus Rauh & Backeb., Cleistocactus sextonianus Rauh & Backeb., Cleistocactus sextonianus Rauh & Backeb.
Reference: Hunt, D., 1991: 86; Hunt, D., 1992: 44. 
Ecology: Endemic Climbing or sprawling cactus. Andean I, Coastal: desert, dry valleys. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Backeberg s.n.* , Ritter 148 (U)
Departments: Arequipa, Ayacucho, Ica.


$


 Cleistocactus tenuiserpens Rauh & Backeb.



Cleistocactus tenuiserpens Rauh & Backeb.

Synonyms: Cleistocactus tenuiserpens (Rauh & Backeb.) Backeb., Cleistocactus tenuiserpens (Rauh & Backeb.) F. Ritter, Cleistocactus tenuiserpens (Rauh & Backeb.) Kimnach
Reference: Backeberg, C., 1956: 17; Rauh, W., 1958: 323; Ritter, F., 1981: 1387. 
Ecology: Endemic Sprawling cactus. Andean I: dry valleys, rocky slopes. 500-1000 m. 
Note: Treated by Ritter (1981) under Borzicactella.  
Voucher: Rauh K76 [1956]* (ZSS), Ritter 282 (U)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Cleistocactus villaazulensis F. Ritter


Cleistocactus villaazulensis F. Ritter = Cleistocactus morawetzianus Backeb.

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1359; Hunt, D., 1992: 44. 


$


 Clematis alborosea Ulbrich



Clematis alborosea Ulbrich

Reference: Flora Peru: 1272: 644; Lourteig, A., 1956: 41. 
Ecology. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6609* (G), Pennell 14150 (F)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Clematis brasiliana DC.


Clematis brasiliana DC. = Clematis dioica var. brasiliana (DC.) Eichler

Reference: FP 1272: 647; Lourteig, A., 1956: 38. 
Note: NN  


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 Clematis campestris A. St. Hilaire



Clematis campestris A. St. Hilaire

Reference: Flora Peru: 1272: 644. 
Ecology: Native vine. Andean I: disturbed areas. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7452 (B)
Departments: Moquegua.


$


 Clematis denticulata Vell.



Clematis denticulata Vell.

Synonyms: Clematis denticulata Sprengel
Reference: Lourteig, A., 1956: 34. 
Ecology. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: West 8251 (MO!)


$


 Clematis dioica L.



Clematis dioica L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1272: 645. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Not listed from Peru by Lourteig (1956); most or all of the specimens cited in the Flora of Peru are referrable to C. haenkeana. 
Voucher: Bird 1195 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Clematis dioica var.brasiliana (DC.) Eichler



Clematis dioica var. brasiliana (DC.) Eichler

Synonyms: Clematis dioica brasiliana DC.
Reference: Lourteig, A., 1956: 36. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Clematis haenkiana C. Presl



Clematis haenkiana C. Presl

Synonyms: Clematis haenkiana Kunth ex DC., Clematis haenkiana Steud.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1272: 645; Lourteig, A., 1956: 25. 
Ecology. 0-3500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 3526 (MO)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Ica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Loreto, Piura, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clematis hilarii Sprengel


Clematis hilarii Sprengel = Clematis denticulata Vell.

Reference: FP 1272: 645; Lourteig, A., 1956: 34. 


$


 Clematis millefoliata Eichler



Clematis millefoliata Eichler

Reference: Flora Peru: 1272: 646; Lourteig, A., 1956: 46. 
Ecology. 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Besser s.n.* (KI), Melcalf 30263 (MO)
Departments: Arequipa, Ayacucho, Huancavelica, Moquegua.


$


 Clematis parvifrons Ulbrich


Clematis parvifrons Ulbrich = Clematis seemannii Kuntze

Reference: FP 1272: 646; Lourteig, A., 1956: 44. 


$


 Clematis peruviana DC.



Clematis peruviana DC.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1272: 646; Lourteig, A., 1956: 50. 
Ecology. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Dombey 596* (P), Ferreyra 6222 (US)
Departments: Ancash, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Clematis pseudomicrophylla Kuntze


Clematis pseudomicrophylla Kuntze = Clematis seemannii Kuntze

Reference: Lourteig, A., 1956: 44. 


$


 Clematis seemannii Kuntze



Clematis seemannii Kuntze

Synonyms: Clematis seemannii Kuntze, Clematis seemannii Ulbrich
Reference: Flora Peru: 1272: 647; Lourteig, A., 1956: 44. 
Ecology. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Pearce II 1867* (K), Tupayachi 1076 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Puno.


$


 Clematis sericea Kunth ex DC.


Clematis sericea Kunth ex DC. = Clematis haenkiana C. Presl

Reference: FP 1272: 647; Lourteig, A., 1956: 25. 


$


 Clematis thalictroides Steud.


Clematis thalictroides Steud. = Clematis haenkiana C. Presl

Reference: FP 1272: 645; Lourteig, A., 1956: 26. 


$


 Cleobulia leiantha Benth.



Cleobulia leiantha Benth.

Synonyms: Cleobulia leiantha (Benth.) J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 326; Ducke, A., 1949: 222; Maxwell, R. H., 1977: 56. 
Note: Not known from Peru. Treated under Dioclea in the Flora of Peru.  


$


 Cleome aculeata var.aculeata



Cleome aculeata var. aculeata 

Reference: Flora Peru: 617: 990; G&oacute;mez, S. A., 1953: 325. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 10148 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cleome aculeata var.cordobensis (Eichler ex Griseb.) Kuntze



Cleome aculeata var. cordobensis (Eichler ex Griseb.) Kuntze

Synonyms: Cleome aculeata cordobensis Eichler ex Griseb.
Reference: Iltis, H., 1952: 194. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: disturbed areas. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 63560 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Cleome amazonica Heilborn


Cleome amazonica Heilborn = Cleome viridiflora Schreb.

Reference: FP 617: 990; Iltis, H., 1952: 308. 


$


 Cleome brachycarpa M. Vahl ex DC. pro syn.


Cleome brachycarpa M. Vahl ex DC. pro syn. = Podandrogyne brachycarpa (DC.) Woodson

Reference: FP 617: 985; Woodson Jr., R. E., 1948: 143. 


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 Cleome brachycarpa M. Vahl ex Triana & Planchon


Cleome brachycarpa M. Vahl ex Triana & Planchon = Podandrogyne brachycarpa (DC.) Woodson

Reference: FP 617: 985; Woodson Jr., R. E., 1948: 144. 


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 Cleome brachypoda Briq.


Cleome brachypoda Briq. = Cleome parviflora Kunth

Reference: FP 617: 990; Iltis, H., 1952: 235. 


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 Cleome chilensis DC.



Cleome chilensis DC.

Synonyms: Cleome chilensis DC.
Reference: Flora Peru: 617: 990; Iltis, H., 1952: 55. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 0-3000 m. 
Note: Iltis (1952) treated as Cleome chilensis ssp. chilensis  
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (P photo F!), Worth & Morrison 15612 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Cuzco, Lima.


$


 Cleome chilensis var. pubescens DC.


Cleome chilensis var. pubescens DC. = Cleome chilensis DC.

Reference: FP 617: 991; Iltis, H., 1952: 55. 


$


 Cleome cordobensis Eichler ex Griseb.


Cleome cordobensis Eichler ex Griseb. = Cleome aculeata var. cordobensis (Eichler ex Griseb.) Kuntze

Reference: Iltis, H., 1952: 194. 


$


 Cleome decipiens Triana & Planch.


Cleome decipiens Triana & Planch. = Podandrogyne decipiens (Triana & Planch.) Woodson

Reference: Woodson Jr., R. E., 1948: 142. 


$


 Cleome deflexa DC.


Cleome deflexa DC. = Cleome violacea L.

Reference: FP 617: 991; Iltis, H., 1952: 333. 
Note: NN  


$


 Cleome densiflora (Benth.) Triana & Planch.


Cleome densiflora (Benth.) Triana & Planch. = Podandrogyne brachycarpa (DC.) Woodson

Reference: FP 617: 985; Woodson Jr., R. E., 1948: 144. 


$


 Cleome figueroae J.F. Macbr.


Cleome figueroae J.F. Macbr. = Cleome longifolia Presl

Reference: FP 617: 991; Iltis, H., 1952: 75. 


$


 Cleome gigantea L.


Cleome gigantea L. = Cleome viridiflora Schreb.

Reference: FP 617: 991; Iltis, H., 1952: 308. 


$


 Cleome glandulosa Ruiz & Pav. ex DC.



Cleome glandulosa Ruiz & Pav. ex DC.

Reference: Flora Peru: 617: 992; Iltis, H., 1952: 85. 
Ecology: Native shrub, treelet. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, dry valleys, grasslands, rocky slopes, shrublands. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n* (B photo F!), Smith et al. 11707 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad.


$


 Cleome gynandra L.



Cleome gynandra L.

Synonyms: Cleome gynandra (L.) DC., Cleome gynandra L.
Reference: Iltis, H., 1960: 284. 
Ecology: Introduced herb. . 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   Presence in Peru is based upon cited Pav&oacute;n collection of uncertain locality. No Peruvian specimens cited by Iltis (1952).   
Voucher: Pav&oacute;n s.n. 


$


 Cleome herrerae J.F. Macbr.


Cleome herrerae J.F. Macbr. = Cleome lechleri Eichler

Reference: FP 617: 992; Iltis, H., 1952: 78. 


$


 Cleome hirsuta Ruiz Lopez & Pavon ex DC. pro syn.


Cleome hirsuta Ruiz Lopez & Pavon ex DC. pro syn. = Podandrogyne brachycarpa (DC.) Woodson

Reference: FP 617: 986; Woodson Jr., R. E., 1948: 144. 


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 Cleome hirsuticaulis J.F. Macbr.


Cleome hirsuticaulis J.F. Macbr. = Cleome viridiflora Schreb.

Reference: FP 617: 992; Iltis, H., 1952: 309. 


$


 Cleome lechleri Eichler



Cleome lechleri Eichler

Synonyms: Cleome lechleri J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 617: 993; Iltis, H., 1952: 78. 
Ecology: Native shrub, treelet. Andean I-II: cloud forests, disturbed areas, riversides, rocky slopes. 1000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Lechler 1859* (G photo F!), N&uacute;&ntilde;ez 7772 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Puno.


$


 Cleome limoneolens J.F. Macbr.



Cleome limoneolens J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 617: 993; Iltis, H., 1952: 58. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: disturbed areas, grasslands, rocky slopes, riversides. 1500-3000 m. 
Note: Iltis (1952) treats this as an unpublished subspecies of C. chilensis.  
Voucher: Macbride 3145* (F), Croat 58408 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Piura.


$


 Cleome longifolia Presl



Cleome longifolia Presl

Synonyms: Cleome longifolia Gilg ex Macbride, Cleome longifolia J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 617: 993; Iltis, H., 1952: 75. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub, subshrub. Andean I-II: cloud forests, disturbed areas, riversides. 1000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (PR photo MO!), Stein & Todzia 2305 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Hu&aacute;nuco, Piura.


$


 Cleome longipes DC.



Cleome longipes DC.

Reference: Flora Peru: 617: 993; Woodson Jr., R. E. & Schery, R. W., 1948: 78. 
Ecology: Native herb, liana, shrub, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Huashikat 1818 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cleome mathewsii Briq.



Cleome mathewsii Briq.

Reference: Flora Peru: 617: 994; Iltis, H., 1952: 59. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   Iltis (1952) treats this as an unpublished subspecies of C. chilensis.  
Voucher: Mathews 3044* (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Cleome monochroma J.F. Macbr.


Cleome monochroma J.F. Macbr. = Cleome viridiflora Schreb.

Reference: FP 617: 994; Iltis, H., 1952: 308. 


$


 Cleome moricandii Briq.



Cleome moricandii Briq.

Reference: Iltis, H., 1952: 280. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, riversides, rocky slopes. 1000-2000 m. 
Note: The type locality is questionable, possibly in Brazil. 
Voucher: Collector unknown, hb. Moricand* (G photo F!), Vargas 4562 (MO)
Departments: Cuzco, La Libertad, Lima, Puno.


$


 Cleome pachystigma Briq.



Cleome pachystigma Briq.

Reference: Flora Peru: 617: 994; Iltis, H., 1952: 174. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1500 m. 
Note: Iltis (1952) treats this as an unpublished subspecies of C. speciosa.  
Voucher: Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (G photo F!), Wasshausen & Encarnaci&oacute;n 536 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cleome parviflora Kunth



Cleome parviflora Kunth

Synonyms: Cleome parviflora Briq.
Reference: Iltis, H., 1952: 235. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub, subshrub. Amazonian: disturbed areas, seasonally inundated areas, swamps. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ayala et al. 3138 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Ucayali.


$


 Cleome potamophila Gilg ex Macbride


Cleome potamophila Gilg ex Macbride = Cleome longifolia Presl

Reference: FP 617: 994; Iltis, H., 1952: 75. 


$


 Cleome psoraleaefolia DC.



Cleome psoraleaefolia DC.

Reference: Flora Peru: 617: 995; G&oacute;mez, S. A., 1953: 317. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-2000 m. 
Note: Iltis (1952) treats this as an unpublished subspecies of C. parviflora. 
Voucher: Revilla 20 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cleome pubescens Sims


Cleome pubescens Sims = Cleome spinosa Jacq.

Reference: FP 617: 995; Woodson Jr., R. E. & Schery, R. W., 1948: 80. 


$


 Cleome purpurea DC.



Cleome purpurea DC.

Reference: Flora Peru: 617: 995; Iltis, H., 1952: 174. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   Possibly conspecific with C. pachystigma (Iltis, 1952).  
Voucher: Collector unknown*  (G drawing, fragment)


$


 Cleome rosea M. Vahl



Cleome rosea M. Vahl

Reference: Flora Peru: 617: 995; G&oacute;mez, S. A., 1953: 330. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   The specimen cited in the Flora of Peru (Williams 3585) is redetermined by Iltis (1952) as C. pachystigma, treated as an unpublished subspecies of C. speciosa.  
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Cleome speciosa Kunth


Cleome speciosa Kunth = Cleome speciosa Raf.

Reference: FP 617: 986; Woodson Jr., R. E. & Schery, R. W., 1948: 82. 
Note: NN  


$


 Cleome speciosa Raf.



Cleome speciosa Raf.

Synonyms: Cleome speciosa (Kunth) DC., Cleome speciosa Kunth
Reference: Iltis, H., 1952: 163. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   See Iltis (1952) for a complete explanation. 


$


 Cleome spinosa Jacq.



Cleome spinosa Jacq.

Synonyms: Cleome spinosa Sims
Reference: Flora Peru: 617: 995; Woodson Jr., R. E. & Schery, R. W., 1948: 79. 
Ecology. 1500-2000 m. 
Note: No Peruvian specimens cited by Iltis (1952).  Its inclusion in the Flora of Peru may be based on misidentifications.  
Voucher: Isern 2186 
Departments: Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Piura.


$


 Cleome triphylla L.


Cleome triphylla L. = Cleome gynandra L.

Reference: FP 617: 987; Iltis, H., 1960: 284. 


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 Cleome violacea L.



Cleome violacea L.

Synonyms: Cleome violacea DC.
Reference: Iltis, H., 1952: 333. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


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 Cleome virens J.F. Macbr.



Cleome virens J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 617: 996; Iltis, H., 1952: 302. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub, subshrub. Amazonian: disturbed areas, riversides, seasonally inundated areas, terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Williams 2596* (F), Croat 19838 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.


$


 Cleome viridiflora Schreb.



Cleome viridiflora Schreb.

Synonyms: Cleome viridiflora Heilborn, Cleome viridiflora J.F. Macbr., Cleome viridiflora J.F. Macbr., Cleome viridiflora L.
Reference: Iltis, H., 1952: 308. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Barbour 4392 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clerodendrum bolivianum Britton ex Rusby


Clerodendrum bolivianum Britton ex Rusby = Aegiphila multiflora Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1286: 714; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 390. 


$


 Clerodendrum buxifolium (Willdenow) Sprengel


Clerodendrum buxifolium (Willdenow) Sprengel = Clerodendrum inerme (L.) Gaertn.

Reference: FP 1286: 699; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 391. 
Note: NN  


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 Clerodendrum fragrans Hort. ex Ventenat pro syn.


Clerodendrum fragrans Hort. ex Ventenat pro syn. = Clerodendrum philippinum Schauer in A. DC.

Reference: FP 1286: 698; Howard, R. A. & D. A. Powell, 1968: 54. 


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 Clerodendrum fragrans var. multiplex Sweet


Clerodendrum fragrans var. multiplex Sweet = ?  

Reference: Howard, R. A. & D. A. Powell, 1968: 55. 


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 Clerodendrum inerme (L.) Gaertn.



Clerodendrum inerme (L.) Gaertn.

Synonyms: Clerodendrum inerme (Willdenow) Sprengel, Clerodendrum inerme L., Clerodendrum inerme Willd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 699; Howard, R. A., 1989: 220. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   The specimen cited in the Flora of Peru is probably C. tessmannii. 


$


 Clerodendrum molle Kunth



Clerodendrum molle Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 699; Moldenke, H. N., 1973: 144. 
Ecology: Native shrub. . 
Voucher: Nee 15 (MA)


$


 Clerodendrum philippinum fo. multiplex (Sweet) Moldenke


Clerodendrum philippinum fo. multiplex (Sweet) Moldenke = Clerodendrum philippinum Schauer in A. DC.

Reference: Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 391. 


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 Clerodendrum philippinum Schauer in A. DC.



Clerodendrum philippinum Schauer in A. DC.

Synonyms: Clerodendrum philippinum (Sweet) Moldenke, Clerodendrum philippinum Hort. ex Ventenat pro syn., Clerodendrum philippinum Jacq., Clerodendrum philippinum Sweet, Clerodendrum philippinum Vent.
Reference: Howard, R. A., 1989: 223. 
Ecology: Cultivated shrub. Amazonian, Andean I, Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-1000 m. 
Note: See Howard & Powell (1968) for a full explanation of the nomenclatural complexities of the species. 
Voucher: Klug 4032 (MO!)
Departments: Lima, La Libertad, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clerodendrum pittieri Moldenke



Clerodendrum pittieri Moldenke

Reference: Moldenke, H. N., 1973: 141; Moldenke, H. N., 1980: 132. 
Note: Not known from Peru (Rueda, pers. comm.).  


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 Clerodendrum tessmannii Moldenke



Clerodendrum tessmannii Moldenke

Synonyms: Clerodendrum tessmannii Moldenke
Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 699; Nash, D. L. & M. Nee, 1984: 6. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides. 0-1000 m. 
Note: Possibly conspecific with Aegiphila costaricensis Moldenke (Nash & Nee, 1984). 
Voucher: Tessmann 3244* (G), McDaniel 16155 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clerodendrum thomsonae Balf.



Clerodendrum thomsonae Balf.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 700; L&oacute;pez-Palacios, S., 1977: 279. 
Ecology: Cultivated shrub. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: N&uacute;&ntilde;ez 6549 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clethra brasiliensis var. reticulata Meisn.


Clethra brasiliensis var. reticulata Meisn. = Clethra scabra var. reticulata (Meissn.) Sleumer

$


 Clethra castaneifolia Meissn.



Clethra castaneifolia Meissn.

Synonyms: Clethra castaneifolia J.F. Macbr., Clethra castaneifolia Turcz.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1324: 46; Sleumer, H., 1967: 143. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I-II: forests on white sand. 1000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 3955 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clethra cuneata Rusby



Clethra cuneata Rusby

Reference: Sleumer, H., 1967: 129. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, forests, grasslands. 1500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 3999 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Pasco, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clethra cutervoana Szyszyl.


Clethra cutervoana Szyszyl. = Clethra ovalifolia Turcz.

Reference: FP 1324: 46; Sleumer, H., 1967: 105; Gustafsson, C., 1992: 4. 


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 Clethra dombeyi Turcz.


Clethra dombeyi Turcz. = Clethra obovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Don

Reference: Gustafsson, C., 1992: 24. 


$


 Clethra ferruginea (R. & P.) Link ex Spreng.



Clethra ferruginea (R. & P.) Link ex Spreng.

Synonyms: Clethra ferruginea Duham., Clethra ferruginea Ruiz & Pav., Clethra ferruginea Rusby, Clethra ferruginea Turcz.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1324: 47; Sleumer, H., 1967: 127. 
Ecology: Native tree. Andean II: grasslands. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* , Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 9519 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Clethra fimbriata Kunth



Clethra fimbriata Kunth

Reference: Sleumer, H., 1967: 133; Gustafsson, C., 1992: 12. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: grasslands. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui & Cabanillas  8609 (MO!)
Departments: La Libertad, Piura.


$


 Clethra guianensis Klotzsch ex Meissner



Clethra guianensis Klotzsch ex Meissner

Reference: Flora Peru: 1324: 47; Sleumer, H., 1967: 132. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Clethra guianensis var. brevis J.F. Macbr.


Clethra guianensis var. brevis J.F. Macbr. = Clethra castaneifolia Meissn.

Reference: FP 1324: 48; Sleumer, H., 1967: 144. 


$


 Clethra macrostachya Lois. in Duham.


Clethra macrostachya Lois. in Duham. = Clethra obovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Don

Reference: FP 1324: 47; Sleumer, H., 1967: 146; Gustafsson, C., 1992: 24. 


$


 Clethra nervosa Loisel.


Clethra nervosa Loisel. = Clethra revoluta (Ruiz & Pav.) Spreng.

Reference: FP 1324: 48; Sleumer, H., 1967: 145; Gustafsson, C., 1992: 22. 


$


 Clethra obovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Don



Clethra obovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Don

Synonyms: Clethra obovata Cham., Clethra obovata Lois. in Duham., Clethra obovata Remy, Clethra obovata Ruiz & Pav., Clethra obovata Turcz.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1324: 48; Sleumer, H., 1967: 146; Gustafsson, C., 1992: 24. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean I: rocky slopes. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (B photo F!), Schunke 6221 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clethra obovata var. sprucei Meisn.


Clethra obovata var. sprucei Meisn. = Clethra pedicellaris Turcz.

Reference: FP 1324: 47; Sleumer, H., 1967: 105. 


$


 Clethra ovalifolia Turcz.



Clethra ovalifolia Turcz.

Synonyms: Clethra ovalifolia Szyszyl.
Reference: Sleumer, H., 1967: 105; Gustafsson, C., 1992: 4. 
Ecology. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 5544 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca.


$


 Clethra pedicellaris Turcz.



Clethra pedicellaris Turcz.

Synonyms: Clethra pedicellaris Meisn.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1324: 47; Sleumer, H., 1967: 115. 
Ecology: Native tree. Andean I-II: forests. 1000-2000 m. 
Voucher: Spruce 4833* (C photo F!), Klug 3661 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clethra peruviana Szyszyl.



Clethra peruviana Szyszyl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1324: 49; Sleumer, H., 1967: 111. 
Ecology: Endemic treelet. Andean II: forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Jelski 275* (B photo F!), D&iacute;az & Balde&oacute;n 2843 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca.


$


 Clethra retivenia Sleumer



Clethra retivenia Sleumer

Reference: Sleumer, H., 1967: 135. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: forests. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (BM, F), Jelski 255 (W)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca.


$


 Clethra revoluta (Ruiz & Pav.) Spreng.



Clethra revoluta (Ruiz & Pav.) Spreng.

Synonyms: Clethra revoluta Loisel., Clethra revoluta Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1324: 49; Sleumer, H., 1967: 145; Gustafsson, C., 1992: 22. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I-II: shrublands. 500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (B photo F!), Smith & V&aacute;squez 4995 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clethra scabra Pers.



Clethra scabra Pers.

$


 Clethra scabra var.reticulata (Meissn.) Sleumer



Clethra scabra var. reticulata (Meissn.) Sleumer

Synonyms: Clethra scabra var. reticulata Meisn.


$


 Clethra scabra var.scabra



Clethra scabra var. scabra 

Reference: Sleumer, H., 1967: 138. 
Ecology: Native tree. Andean II: disturbed areas, riversides. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: D&iacute;az & Osores 2624 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco.


$


 Clethra sprucei Turcz.


Clethra sprucei Turcz. = Clethra castaneifolia Meissn.

Reference: FP 1324: 50; Sleumer, H., 1967: 143. 


$


 Clibadium asperum (Aubl.) DC.



Clibadium asperum (Aubl.) DC.

Synonyms: Clibadium asperum Aubl.


$


 Clibadium divaricatum S.F. Blake



Clibadium divaricatum S.F. Blake

Synonyms: Clibadium divaricatum H. Rob.
Reference: Blake, S. F., 1917: 7. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Spruce 4522* (BM, K), Rimachi 3877 (US!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clibadium peruvianum Poepp. ex DC.



Clibadium peruvianum Poepp. ex DC.

Reference: Berggren, A. S., 1898: 620. 
Ecology. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 1611* (G-DC), Gentry et al. 29189 (F!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clibadium psilogynum S.F. Blake



Clibadium psilogynum S.F. Blake

Reference: Blake, S. F., 1931: 329. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7864* (US!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Clibadium remotiflorum O.E. Schulz



Clibadium remotiflorum O.E. Schulz

Reference: Schulz, O. E., 1912: 621. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Rimachi 6344 (NY)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Clibadium rimachii H. Rob.


Clibadium rimachii H. Rob. = Clibadium divaricatum S.F. Blake

Reference: Robinson, H., 1988: 50. 


$


 Clibadium strigillosum S.F. Blake



Clibadium strigillosum S.F. Blake

Reference: Blake, S. F., 1917: 46. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 1360* (K), Kayap 1460 (NY)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Clibadium surinamense L.



Clibadium surinamense L.

$


 Clibadium sylvestre (Aubl.) Baill.



Clibadium sylvestre (Aubl.) Baill.

Synonyms: Clibadium sylvestre Aubl.
Reference: Robinson, H., 1979: 46. 
Ecology. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Schuh & Schuh 19 (NY)
Departments: Amazonas, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Clibadium vargasianum H. Rob.



Clibadium vargasianum H. Rob.

Reference: Robinson, H., 1979: 46. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 16928* (US!), Vargas 11615 (US)
Departments: Madre de Dios.


$


 Clidemia affinis (Naudin) Cogn.


Clidemia affinis (Naudin) Cogn. = Clidemia novemnervia var. affinis (Naudin) Wurdack

Reference: FP 761: 496; Wurdack, J. J., 1971: 124. 


$


 Clidemia aggregata D. Don


Clidemia aggregata D. Don = Henriettella aggregata (D. Don) Triana

Reference: FP 761: 501. 


$


 Clidemia allardii subsp.maranonensis Wurdack



Clidemia allardii subsp. maranonensis Wurdack

Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 297. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Wurdack 1993* (US!, USM!), Ancuash 1382 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto.


$


 Clidemia allardii Wurdack



Clidemia allardii Wurdack

$


 Clidemia allardii Wurdack subsp.allardii



Clidemia allardii Wurdack subsp. allardii 

Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 297. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Allard 21222* (US!), Knapp 8259 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clidemia aristigera Naudin


Clidemia aristigera Naudin = Leandra aristigera (Naudin) Cogn.

Reference: FP 761: 334; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 395. 


$


 Clidemia barbinervis Benth.


Clidemia barbinervis Benth. = Miconia barbinervis (Benth.) Triana

Reference: FP 761: 388; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 156. 


$


 Clidemia boliviensis Cogn.


Clidemia boliviensis Cogn. = Ossaea boliviensis (Cogn.) Gleason

Reference: FP 761: 504; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 342. 


$


 Clidemia brachystephana (Naudin) Triana


Clidemia brachystephana (Naudin) Triana = Clidemia dentata D. Don

Reference: FP 761: 483. 


$


 Clidemia bracteata DC.


Clidemia bracteata DC. = Miconia bracteata (DC.) Triana

Reference: FP 761: 390; Wurdack, J. J., 1973: 418. 
Note: NN  


$


 Clidemia bullosa DC.



Clidemia bullosa DC.

$


 Clidemia capillaris D. Don


Clidemia capillaris D. Don = Ossaea capillaris (D. Don) Cogn.

Reference: FP 761: 505; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 343. 


$


 Clidemia capitellata (Bonpl.) D. Don



Clidemia capitellata (Bonpl.) D. Don

$


 Clidemia capitellata (Bonpl.) D. Don var.capitellata



Clidemia capitellata (Bonpl.) D. Don var. capitellata 

Synonyms: Clidemia capitellata capitellata Bonpl., Clidemia capitellata capitellata D. Don, Clidemia capitellata var. capitellata (D. Don) L.O. Williams
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 483; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 287. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 191 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clidemia capitellata var.dependens (Pav. ex D. Don) J.F. Macbr.



Clidemia capitellata var. dependens (Pav. ex D. Don) J.F. Macbr.

Synonyms: Clidemia capitellata dependens (Aublet) C. DC., Clidemia capitellata dependens Baill., Clidemia capitellata dependens Pav. ex D. Don, Clidemia capitellata dependens Pav. ex D. Don
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 484; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 288. 
Ecology. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Noriega s.n. (USM!)
Departments: Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clidemia capitellata var. neglecta (D. Don) L.O. Williams


Clidemia capitellata var. neglecta (D. Don) L.O. Williams = Clidemia capitellata (Bonpl.) D. Don var. capitellata 

Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1971: 121. 


$


 Clidemia ciliata Pav. ex D. Don



Clidemia ciliata Pav. ex D. Don

$


 Clidemia ciliata var.ciliata



Clidemia ciliata var. ciliata 

Synonyms: Clidemia ciliata ciliata Pav. ex D. Don
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 484. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Clidemia ciliata var.elata (Pittier) Uribe



Clidemia ciliata var. elata (Pittier) Uribe

Synonyms: Clidemia ciliata elata Pittier
Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1973: 605. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 25798 (US!)
Departments: Pasco.


$


 Clidemia ciliata var.testiculata (Triana) Uribe



Clidemia ciliata var. testiculata (Triana) Uribe

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 484; Wurdack, J. J., 1973: 606. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Clidemia cordata Cogn.



Clidemia cordata Cogn.

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 484. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, riversides. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Wurdack 1837 (USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Clidemia crenata D. Don


Clidemia crenata D. Don = Leandra crenata (Pav. ex D. Don) Cogn.

Reference: FP 761: 335. 


$


 Clidemia crotonifolia Pilg.



Clidemia crotonifolia Pilg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 485. 
Ecology. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Ule 6868 (US!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Clidemia dentata D. Don



Clidemia dentata D. Don

Synonyms: Clidemia dentata (Naudin) Triana, Clidemia dentata Naudin, Clidemia dentata Pav. ex D. Don
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 485; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 289. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & Revilla 16295 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Clidemia dependens Pav. ex D. Don


Clidemia dependens Pav. ex D. Don = Clidemia capitellata var. dependens (Pav. ex D. Don) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 761: 483; Wurdack, J. J., 1973: 572. 


$


 Clidemia dichotoma D. Don


Clidemia dichotoma D. Don = Leandra dichotoma (D. Don) Cogn.

Reference: FP 761: 336; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 333. 


$


 Clidemia dimorphica J.F. Macbr.



Clidemia dimorphica J.F. Macbr.

Synonyms: Clidemia dimorphica (O. Berg ex Triana) Cogn., Clidemia dimorphica (O. Berg) Triana, Clidemia dimorphica O. Berg ex Triana
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 486; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 300. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez et al. 12137 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Clidemia discolor (Triana) Cogn.



Clidemia discolor (Triana) Cogn.

Synonyms: Clidemia discolor Triana
Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 307. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: rocky slopes. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ferrerya 16067 (US!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Clidemia dispar (O. Berg ex Triana) Cogn.


Clidemia dispar (O. Berg ex Triana) Cogn. = Clidemia dimorphica J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 761: 486; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 300. 


$


 Clidemia divaricata Naudin


Clidemia divaricata Naudin = Leandra divaricata (Naud.) Cogn.

Reference: FP 761: 336. 
Note: NN  


$


 Clidemia elata Pittier


Clidemia elata Pittier = Clidemia ciliata var. elata (Pittier) Uribe

Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1973: 605. 


$


 Clidemia epibaterium (Mart. ex DC.) DC.



Clidemia epibaterium (Mart. ex DC.) DC.

Synonyms: Clidemia epibaterium Mart. ex DC.
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 486; Wurdack, J. J., 1973: 597. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 29885 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Pasco.


$


 Clidemia epiphytica (Triana) Cogn.



Clidemia epiphytica (Triana) Cogn.

$


 Clidemia epiphytica (Triana) Cogn. var.epiphytica



Clidemia epiphytica (Triana) Cogn. var. epiphytica 

Synonyms: Clidemia epiphytica epiphytica Triana
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 486; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 310. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Murphy 170 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto.


$


 Clidemia epiphytica var.trichocalyx (Blake) Wurdack



Clidemia epiphytica var. trichocalyx (Blake) Wurdack

Synonyms: Clidemia epiphytica trichocalyx Blake, Clidemia epiphytica trichocalyx Pilg.
Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 311. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Knapp & Alcorn 7618 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Pasco.


$


 Clidemia foliosa Gleason



Clidemia foliosa Gleason

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 487. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Williams 933* (F photo US!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Clidemia graciliflora Huber



Clidemia graciliflora Huber

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 487. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 7226 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Clidemia heterobasis DC.


Clidemia heterobasis DC. = Clidemia japurensis var. heterobasis (DC.) Wurdack

Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1971: 125. 


$


 Clidemia heteronervis (Naudin) Wurdack



Clidemia heteronervis (Naudin) Wurdack

Synonyms: Clidemia heteronervis (Naud.) Triana, Clidemia heteronervis Naudin
Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1971: 126. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Gay s.n.* (P)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Clidemia heteroneura (Schrank & Mart) Cogn.



Clidemia heteroneura (Schrank & Mart) Cogn.

Synonyms: Clidemia heteroneura Schrank & C. Martius
Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1973: 623. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 177 (USM!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Clidemia heterophylla (Desr. in Lamarck) Gleason



Clidemia heterophylla (Desr. in Lamarck) Gleason

Synonyms: Clidemia heterophylla (Desrousseaux) Triana, Clidemia heterophylla DC., Clidemia heterophylla Desr. in Lamarck, Clidemia heterophylla Don
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 487; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 294. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Plowman & Kennedy 5780 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clidemia hirta (L.) D. Don



Clidemia hirta (L.) D. Don

$


 Clidemia hirta (L.) D. Don var.hirta



Clidemia hirta (L.) D. Don var. hirta 

Synonyms: Clidemia hirta hirta L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 488; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 288. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Smith 1865 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Clidemia hirta var.elegans (Aublet) Griseb.



Clidemia hirta var. elegans (Aublet) Griseb.

$


 Clidemia hirta var.tiliaefolia (DC.) J.F. Macbr.



Clidemia hirta var. tiliaefolia (DC.) J.F. Macbr.

Synonyms: Clidemia hirta tiliaefolia DC.
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 488; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 289. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 18390 (USM!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Clidemia impetiolaris (Naudin) Cogn.


Clidemia impetiolaris (Naudin) Cogn. = Clidemia pilosa D. Don

Reference: FP 761: 490; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 296. 


$


 Clidemia inobsepta Wurdack



Clidemia inobsepta Wurdack

Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1967: 37. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Tunqui 1138 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Pasco.


$


 Clidemia japurensis DC.



Clidemia japurensis DC.

$


 Clidemia japurensis var.heterobasis (DC.) Wurdack



Clidemia japurensis var. heterobasis (DC.) Wurdack

Synonyms: Clidemia japurensis heterobasis DC.
Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1971: 125. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: grasslands. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: McDaniel & Rimachi 17748 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Clidemia japurensis var.japurensis



Clidemia japurensis var. japurensis 

Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 394. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ayala et al. 2960 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Clidemia juruensis (Pilg.) Gleason



Clidemia juruensis (Pilg.) Gleason

Synonyms: Clidemia juruensis Pilg.
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 488. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: forests on white sand, riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Smith 3693 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Clidemia longifolia Gleason



Clidemia longifolia Gleason

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 489. 
Ecology: Endemic liana. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Wolfe 12470 (US!, USM!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto.


$


 Clidemia naevula (Naudin) Triana



Clidemia naevula (Naudin) Triana

Synonyms: Clidemia naevula Naudin
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 489. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Clidemia neglecta D. Don


Clidemia neglecta D. Don = Clidemia capitellata (Bonpl.) D. Don var. capitellata 

Reference: FP 761: 483; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 287. 


$


 Clidemia nervosa Naudin


Clidemia nervosa Naudin = Leandra nervosa (Naudin) Cogn.

Reference: FP 761: 338; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 328. 


$


 Clidemia novemnervia (DC.) Triana



Clidemia novemnervia (DC.) Triana

$


 Clidemia novemnervia var.affinis (Naudin) Wurdack



Clidemia novemnervia var. affinis (Naudin) Wurdack

Synonyms: Clidemia novemnervia affinis (Naudin) Cogn., Clidemia novemnervia affinis Naudin
Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1971: 124. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 26275 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Clidemia obliqua (Griseb. ex Cogn.) Cogn.



Clidemia obliqua (Griseb. ex Cogn.) Cogn.

Synonyms: Clidemia obliqua Griseb. ex Cogn.
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 490. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 6115 (US!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Madre de Dios, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clidemia obscura (Bonpl.) DC.


Clidemia obscura (Bonpl.) DC. = Miconia obscura (Bonpl.) Naudin

Reference: FP 761: 435; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 204. 


$


 Clidemia octona (Bonpl.) L.O. Williams



Clidemia octona (Bonpl.) L.O. Williams

Synonyms: Clidemia octona (Bonpl.) DC., Clidemia octona Bonpl.
Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 290. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 17454 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clidemia peruviana Gleason


Clidemia peruviana Gleason = Clidemia sessiliflora (Naudin) Cogn.

Reference: FP 761: 493; Wurdack, J. J., 1973: 627. 


$


 Clidemia petiolata DC.



Clidemia petiolata DC.

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 490. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Clidemia pilosa D. Don



Clidemia pilosa D. Don

Synonyms: Clidemia pilosa (D. Don) Baill., Clidemia pilosa (Naudin) Cogn., Clidemia pilosa Naudin, Clidemia pilosa Pav. ex D. Don
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 490; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 296. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I-II: forests. 500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 3952 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto.


$


 Clidemia piperifolia Gleason



Clidemia piperifolia Gleason

Reference: Gleason, H., 1931: 433. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez et al. 7692 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto.


$


 Clidemia polyandra Benth.


Clidemia polyandra Benth. = Miconia benthamiana Triana

Reference: FP 761: 466; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 150. 


$


 Clidemia procumbens Gleason


Clidemia procumbens Gleason = Miconia procumbens (Gleason) Wurdack

Reference: FP 761: 491; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 162. 


$


 Clidemia purpurea Pav. ex D. Don



Clidemia purpurea Pav. ex D. Don

Synonyms: Clidemia purpurea Pav. ex D. Don
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 491. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Clidemia pustulata DC.



Clidemia pustulata DC.

$


 Clidemia quadrisulca Naudin


Clidemia quadrisulca Naudin = Ossaea quadrisulca (Naudin) Wurdack

Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 343. 


$


 Clidemia radicans Pilg.


Clidemia radicans Pilg. = Clidemia epiphytica var. trichocalyx (Blake) Wurdack

Reference: FP 761: 492; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 311. 


$


 Clidemia radulaefolia Benth.


Clidemia radulaefolia Benth. = Miconia radulaefolia (Benth.) Naudin

Reference: FP 761: 446; Wurdack, J. J., 1973: 421. 


$


 Clidemia reversa DC.



Clidemia reversa DC.

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 338. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Clidemia rhodopogon DC.


Clidemia rhodopogon DC. = Leandra rhodopogon (DC.) Cogn.

$


 Clidemia rubra (Aubl.) Martius



Clidemia rubra (Aubl.) Martius

Synonyms: Clidemia rubra Aubl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 492; Wurdack, J. J., 1973: 616. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: McDaniel & Rimachi 19450 (US!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clidemia secunda D. Don


Clidemia secunda D. Don = Leandra secunda (D. Don) Cogn.

Reference: FP 761: 339; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 337. 


$


 Clidemia secundiflora DC.


Clidemia secundiflora DC. = Leandra secundiflora (DC.) Cogn.

Reference: FP 761: 340; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 396. 


$


 Clidemia semijuga (Gleason) Wurdack



Clidemia semijuga (Gleason) Wurdack

Synonyms: Clidemia semijuga Gleason
Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 303. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Kayap 406 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto.


$


 Clidemia septuplinervia Cogn.



Clidemia septuplinervia Cogn.

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 492; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 306. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests, riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Wurdack 2311 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clidemia sericea D. Don



Clidemia sericea D. Don

$


 Clidemia serpens (Triana) Cogn.



Clidemia serpens (Triana) Cogn.

Synonyms: Clidemia serpens Triana
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 493; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 311. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Wurdack 2460 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto.


$


 Clidemia sessiliflora (Naudin) Cogn.



Clidemia sessiliflora (Naudin) Cogn.

Synonyms: Clidemia sessiliflora Gleason, Clidemia sessiliflora Naudin
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 493; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 309. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I: forests. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 9970 (US!, USM!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clidemia simpsonii Wurdack



Clidemia simpsonii Wurdack

Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1972: 205. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Lleras et al. 17154 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Clidemia simulans J.F. Macbr.


Clidemia simulans J.F. Macbr. = Miconia heteromera Naudin

Reference: FP 761: 494; Wurdack, J. J., 1976: 10. 


$


 Clidemia spicata (Aublet) C. DC.


Clidemia spicata (Aublet) C. DC. = Clidemia capitellata var. dependens (Pav. ex D. Don) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 761: 483. 


$


 Clidemia sprucei Gleason



Clidemia sprucei Gleason

Synonyms: Clidemia sprucei (Triana) Cogn., Clidemia sprucei Triana
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 494; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 295. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Croat 58016 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clidemia strigillosa (Sw.) DC.



Clidemia strigillosa (Sw.) DC.

Synonyms: Clidemia strigillosa Sw.
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 494; Wurdack, J. J., 1973: 579. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: McDaniel & Rimachi 16489 (US!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clidemia testiculata (Triana) Gleason


Clidemia testiculata (Triana) Gleason = ?  

Reference: FP 761: 490; Wurdack, J. J., 1973: 607. 
Note: NN  


$


 Clidemia tiliaefolia DC.


Clidemia tiliaefolia DC. = Clidemia hirta var. tiliaefolia (DC.) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 761: 489; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 289. 


$


 Clidemia tococoidea (DC.) Gleason



Clidemia tococoidea (DC.) Gleason

Synonyms: Clidemia tococoidea (DC.) Cogn., Clidemia tococoidea DC.
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 495; Wurdack, J. J., 1960: 241. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   The specimens cited in the Flora of Peru are probably referable to C. allardii (Wurdack, 1960). 


$


 Clidemia ulei Pilg.



Clidemia ulei Pilg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 495. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: McDaniel & Rimachi 18792 (US!, USM!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Clidemia umbonata Schrank & Mart. ex DC.



Clidemia umbonata Schrank & Mart. ex DC.

Synonyms: Clidemia umbonata Schrank & Mart.
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 495. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 7928 (USM!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clidemia urticoides Pilg.



Clidemia urticoides Pilg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 496. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ule 6204* (B), Killip & Smith 26340 (US)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Loreto.


$


 Clidemia variifolia Wurdack



Clidemia variifolia Wurdack

Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 299. 
Ecology. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Smith et al. 1216 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Ucayali.


$


 Clidemia verrucosa O. Berg ex Triana


Clidemia verrucosa O. Berg ex Triana = Henriettella verrucosa Triana

Reference: FP 761: 503. 


$


 Clidemia verruculosa Wurdack



Clidemia verruculosa Wurdack

Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1976: 11. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 6786* (US!), Gentry et al. 37594 (US!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clidemia vittata Linden & Andre


Clidemia vittata Linden & Andre = Miconia vittata (Linden & Andre) Cogn.

Reference: FP 761: 463. 


$


 Clinanthus luteus Herbert


Clinanthus luteus Herbert = Stenomesson luteum (Herbert) Baker

Reference: FP 1190: 681. 


$


 Clinhymenia pallidiflora A. Rich. & Galeotti


Clinhymenia pallidiflora A. Rich. & Galeotti = Cryptarrhena lunata R. Br.

Reference: FP 1484: 941. 


$


 Clinopodium chamaedrys Vahl


Clinopodium chamaedrys Vahl = Marsypianthes chamaedrys (Vahl) Kuntze

Reference: FP 1287: 726; Epling, C., 1936: 185. 


$


 Cliococca selaginoides (Lamarck) Rogers & Mildner



Cliococca selaginoides (Lamarck) Rogers & Mildner

Synonyms: Cliococca selaginoides Lam.


$


 Clistanthocereus calviflorus (F. Ritter) Backeb.


Clistanthocereus calviflorus (F. Ritter) Backeb. = Cleistocactus fieldianus (Britton & Rose) D.R. Hunt

Reference: Hunt, D., 1992: 44. 


$


 Clistanthocereus fieldianus (Britton & Rose) Backeb.


Clistanthocereus fieldianus (Britton & Rose) Backeb. = Cleistocactus fieldianus (Britton & Rose) D.R. Hunt

Reference: Rauh, W., 1958: 287; Hunt, D., 1992: 44. 


$


 Clistanthocereus hertlingianus Backeb.


Clistanthocereus hertlingianus Backeb. = Browningia hertlingiana (Rauh) Buxb.

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1322. 


$


 Clistanthocereus tesselatus (Akers & Buining) Backeb.


Clistanthocereus tesselatus (Akers & Buining) Backeb. = Cleistocactus fieldianus (Britton & Rose) D.R. Hunt

Reference: Hunt, D., 1992: 44. 


$


 Clitanthes humilis Herbert


Clitanthes humilis Herbert = Stenomesson humile (Herbert) Baker

Reference: FP 1190: 680; Ravenna, P., 1971: 84. 


$


 Clitanthes lutea (Herbert) Herbert


Clitanthes lutea (Herbert) Herbert = Stenomesson luteum (Herbert) Baker

Reference: FP 1190: 681. 


$


 Clitanthes macleanica Herbert


Clitanthes macleanica Herbert = Stenomesson macleanicum (Herbert) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 1190: 681. 


$


 Clitoria amazonum C. Mart. ex Benth.



Clitoria amazonum C. Mart. ex Benth.

Synonyms: Clitoria amazonum (C. Mart. ex Benth.) Kuntze
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 345; Ducke, A., 1949: 211; Fantz, P. R., 1977: 247. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: McDaniel & Rimachi 17976 
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clitoria arborea Benth.



Clitoria arborea Benth.

Synonyms: Clitoria arborea (Benth.) Kuntze
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 346; Ducke, A., 1949: 212; Fantz, P. R., 1977: 201. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: McDaniel & Rimachi 17976 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clitoria brasiliana L.


Clitoria brasiliana L. = Centrosema brasilianum (L.) Benth. var. brasilianum 

Reference: FP 21: 340; Barbosa-Fevereiro, V. P., 1977: 176; Fantz, P. R., 1977: 988. 


$


 Clitoria broussonetii Balbis


Clitoria broussonetii Balbis = Cologania broussonetii (Balbis) DC.

Reference: Fearing, O. S., 1959: 97; Turner, B. L., 1992: 291. 


$


 Clitoria capitata Rich.


Clitoria capitata Rich. = Centrosema capitatum (Rich.) Amshoff

Reference: FP 21: 341; Fantz, P. R., 1977: 989. 
Note: NN  


$


 Clitoria falcata Lam.



Clitoria falcata Lam.

$


 Clitoria falcata Lam. var.falcata



Clitoria falcata Lam. var. falcata 

Synonyms: Clitoria falcata falcata (Jussieu ex Pers.) Britton, Clitoria falcata falcata (Jussieu ex Pers.) Kuntze, Clitoria falcata falcata (Lam.) DC., Clitoria falcata falcata DC., Clitoria falcata falcata Jussieu ex Pers.
Reference: Fantz, P. R., 1990: 156. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I: seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Croat 17461 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clitoria flexuosa Fantz



Clitoria flexuosa Fantz

$


 Clitoria flexuosa Fantz var.flexuosa



Clitoria flexuosa Fantz var. flexuosa 

Reference: Fantz, P. R., 1979: 93; Fantz, P. R., 1982: 299. 
Ecology: Endemic liana. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Spruce 4527* (K), Klug 4199 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clitoria flexuosa var.brevibracteata Fantz



Clitoria flexuosa var. brevibracteata Fantz

Reference: Fantz, P. R., 1982: 301. 
Ecology: Endemic liana. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 3105* (MO!), Foster 8799 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clitoria glycinoides DC.


Clitoria glycinoides DC. = Clitoria falcata Lam. var. falcata 

Reference: FP 21: 348; Fantz, P. R., 1990: 156. 
Note: Treated as a synonyn under C. rubiginosa in the Flora of Peru.  


$


 Clitoria grandifolia Ducke


Clitoria grandifolia Ducke = Clitoria javitensis var. grandifolia (Ducke) Fantz

Reference: FP 21: 346; Fantz, P. R., 1981: 170. 


$


 Clitoria javitensis (Kunth) Benth. var.javitensis



Clitoria javitensis (Kunth) Benth. var. javitensis 

Synonyms: Clitoria javitensis javitensis (Kunth) Kuntze, Clitoria javitensis javitensis Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 347; Fantz, P. R., 1981: 168. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Alcorn & Mallet 12 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clitoria javitensis (Kunth) Benth.



Clitoria javitensis (Kunth) Benth.

$


 Clitoria javitensis var.grandifolia (Ducke) Fantz



Clitoria javitensis var. grandifolia (Ducke) Fantz

Synonyms: Clitoria javitensis grandifolia Ducke
Reference: Fantz, P. R., 1981: 170. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Kuhlmann RB 18210* (B photo F!), Gentry et al. 29953 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto.


$


 Clitoria javitensis var.longiloba Fantz



Clitoria javitensis var. longiloba Fantz

Reference: Fantz, P. R., 1981: 170. 
Ecology: Endemic liana. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Tessmann 3782* (S), Revilla 2080 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Clitoria juninensis Fantz



Clitoria juninensis Fantz

Reference: Fantz, P. R., 1979: 95. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I-II: forests. 500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 23380* (US), Ferreyra 13555 (WIS)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Clitoria leptostachya Benth.



Clitoria leptostachya Benth.

Synonyms: Clitoria leptostachya (Benth.) Kuntze
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 347; Ducke, A., 1949: 211; Fantz, P. R., 1977: 457. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Clitoria magentea Fantz



Clitoria magentea Fantz

Reference: Fantz, P. R., 1982: 296. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 22114 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Clitoria moyobambensis Fantz



Clitoria moyobambensis Fantz

Reference: Fantz, P. R., 1979: 99. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (K)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clitoria nervosa Herzog



Clitoria nervosa Herzog

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 348; Fantz, P. R., 1977: 258. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Specimens cited under C. nervosa in the Flora of Peru were considered by Fantz (1979: 95) to represent C. juninensis. 


$


 Clitoria plumieri Turpin ex Pers.


Clitoria plumieri Turpin ex Pers. = Centrosema plumieri (Turpin ex Pers.) Benth.

Reference: FP 21: 342; Barbosa-Fevereiro, V. P., 1977: 171; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 270. 


$


 Clitoria polyphylla Poir.


Clitoria polyphylla Poir. = Barbieria pinnata (Pers.) Baill.

Reference: FP 21: 381; White, P. S., 1981: 553. 


$


 Clitoria pozuzoensis J.F. Macbr.



Clitoria pozuzoensis J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 348; Fantz, P. R., 1977: 284. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 4652* (F), Tunqui s.n. (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Clitoria rubiginosa Jussieu ex Pers.


Clitoria rubiginosa Jussieu ex Pers. = Clitoria falcata Lam. var. falcata 

Reference: FP 21: 348; Fantz, P. R., 1990: 156. 


$


 Clitoria ternatea L.



Clitoria ternatea L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 349; Duke, J. A., 1981: 58; Fantz, P. R., 1990: 161. 
Ecology: Cultivated vine. Amazonian, Andean I, Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 9660 (USM!)
Departments: Lambayeque, Lima, Piura, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clitoria virginiana L.


Clitoria virginiana L. = Centrosema virginianum (L.) Benth.

Reference: FP 21: 344; Barbosa-Fevereiro, V. P., 1977: 189; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 271. 


$


 Clitoria woytkowskii Fantz



Clitoria woytkowskii Fantz

Reference: Fantz, P. R., 1982: 293. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Woytkowski 7281* (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clomena peruviana P. Beauv.


Clomena peruviana P. Beauv. = Muhlenbergia peruviana (P. Beauv.) Steud.

Reference: FP 719: 171; Peterson, P. M. & C. R. Annable, 1991: 73. 


$


 Clusia amazonica Planch. & Triana



Clusia amazonica Planch. & Triana

Reference: Engler, A., 1878: 410. 
Ecology: Native hemiepiphyte, liana. Amazonian: forests on white sand, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez 9540 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clusia axillaris Engl.


Clusia axillaris Engl. = Clusiella axillaris (Engl.) Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1950: 61. 


$


 Clusia cajamarcensis Engl.



Clusia cajamarcensis Engl.

Reference: Engler, A., 1923: 4. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: forests. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Syntypes Weberbauer 4103* (B), Weberbauer 4158* (B)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Clusia carinata Engl.



Clusia carinata Engl.

Reference: Engler, A., 1923: 3. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean I: forests. 1000-1500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 4629* 
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Clusia cassinioides Planch. & Triana



Clusia cassinioides Planch. & Triana

$


 Clusia columnaris Engl.



Clusia columnaris Engl.

Reference: Maguire, B., 1951: 57. 
Ecology: Native hemiepiphyte, liana. Amazonian: forests on white sand. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 56235 (MO!)


$


 Clusia crenata Cuatrec.



Clusia crenata Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1950: 42. 
Ecology: Native tree, treelet. Andean II: forests. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: D&iacute;az 2744 (MO!)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Clusia decussata Ruiz & Pav. ex Planch. & Triana



Clusia decussata Ruiz & Pav. ex Planch. & Triana

$


 Clusia ducu Benth.



Clusia ducu Benth.

$


 Clusia ducuoides Engl.



Clusia ducuoides Engl.

Reference: Engler, A., 1923: 3. 
Ecology: Native hemiepiphyte, tree. Andean II: cloud forests. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 1996* (B photo F!), Sag&aacute;stegui 10201 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco, Piura, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clusia elliptica Kunth



Clusia elliptica Kunth

$


 Clusia flaviflora Engl.



Clusia flaviflora Engl.

Reference: Engler, A., 1923: 3. 
Ecology: Native tree. Andean II: forests. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 1128* (B photo F!), D&iacute;az 2605 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Puno.


$


 Clusia fructiangusta Cuatrec.



Clusia fructiangusta Cuatrec.

Reference: Maguire, B., 1978: 204; Hammel, B.E., 1986: 116. 
Ecology: Native hemiepiphyte. Amazonian, Andean I-II: terra firme forests. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry 54520 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Clusia glomerata Cuatrec.



Clusia glomerata Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1950: 41. 
Ecology: Native hemiepiphyte, tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Tunqui 621 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Clusia grandiflora Splitgerber



Clusia grandiflora Splitgerber

Reference: Engler, A., 1878: 423. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note:   
Voucher: McDaniel 18543 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Clusia grandifolia Engl.



Clusia grandifolia Engl.

Reference: Engler, A., 1878: 429. 
Ecology: Native hemiepiphyte, liana, shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: D&iacute;az 1317 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clusia haughtii Cuatrec.



Clusia haughtii Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1950: 39. 
Ecology: Native hemiepiphyte, treelet. Andean I-II: cloud forests. 1000-2000 m. 
Voucher: Foster 8535 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clusia laxiflora (Poepp.) Pl. & Tr.



Clusia laxiflora (Poepp.) Pl. & Tr.

$


 Clusia leprantha Mart.



Clusia leprantha Mart.

$


 Clusia lineata (Benth.) Planch. & Triana



Clusia lineata (Benth.) Planch. & Triana

Synonyms: Clusia lineata Benth.
Reference: D'Arcy, W.G., 1981: 984; Hammel, B.E., 1986: 117. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean II: forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry 61235 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Clusia longistyla Cuatrec.



Clusia longistyla Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1950: 49. 
Ecology: Native treelet. Andean II: forests. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: D&iacute;az 2896 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Clusia loranthacea Planch. & Triana



Clusia loranthacea Planch. & Triana

$


 Clusia loretensis Engl.



Clusia loretensis Engl.

Reference: Engler, A., 1923: 5; Piploy, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 4696* (B)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clusia microstemon Planch. & Triana



Clusia microstemon Planch. & Triana

Reference: Maguire, B., 1951: 61. 
Ecology: Native hemiepiphyte. Amazonian: forests on white sand. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Rimachi 1734 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Clusia minor L.



Clusia minor L.

Reference: Maguire, B., 1978: 71; Hammel, B.E., 1986: 118. 
Ecology: Native hemiepiphyte, tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Stein et al. 3912 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Clusia multiflora Kunth



Clusia multiflora Kunth

Reference: Maguire, B., 1978: 207. 
Ecology: Native tree. Andean II: elfin forests. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 39969 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Pasco.


$


 Clusia pavonii Planch. & Triana



Clusia pavonii Planch. & Triana

Reference: Planchon, J. & J. Triana, 1860: 363. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean II: cloud forests, elfin forests, grasslands, shrublands. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (G), Dudley 10939 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco.


$


 Clusia peruviana Szyszylowicz



Clusia peruviana Szyszylowicz

$


 Clusia pseudo-havetia Planch. & Triana



Clusia pseudo-havetia Planch. & Triana

$


 Clusia pseudochina Poepp.



Clusia pseudochina Poepp.

$


 Clusia pseudomangle Planch. & Triana



Clusia pseudomangle Planch. & Triana

Reference: Engler, A., 1878: 410. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean II: cloud forests. 1500-2500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Spruce 4886* (G photo F!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clusia radicans Pavon ex Pl. & Tr.



Clusia radicans Pavon ex Pl. & Tr.

$


 Clusia sandiensis Engl.



Clusia sandiensis Engl.

Reference: Engler, A., 1923: 2. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 573 
Departments: Puno.


$


 Clusia schultesii Maguire



Clusia schultesii Maguire

Reference: Maguire, B., 1951: 65. 
Ecology: Native tree. Andean II: forests. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Smith 2717 (MO!)
Departments: Pasco.


$


 Clusia sphaerocarpa Planch. & Triana



Clusia sphaerocarpa Planch. & Triana

$


 Clusia spruceana Planch. & Triana



Clusia spruceana Planch. & Triana

$


 Clusia tarmensis Engl.



Clusia tarmensis Engl.

Reference: Engler, A., 1923: 5. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean I: forests. 500-1500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 1895* (B)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Clusia thurifera Planch. & Triana



Clusia thurifera Planch. & Triana

$


 Clusia trochiformis Engl.



Clusia trochiformis Engl.

$


 Clusia viscida Engl.



Clusia viscida Engl.

Reference: Engler, A., 1878: 422. 
Ecology: Native hemiepiphyte, tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Dodson 3022 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Clusia weberbaueri Engl.



Clusia weberbaueri Engl.

Reference: Engler, A., 1923: 4. 
Ecology: Native hemiepiphyte, tree. Andean II: forests. 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 1999* (B), Gentry et al. 45407 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Clusiella axillaris (Engl.) Cuatrec.



Clusiella axillaris (Engl.) Cuatrec.

Synonyms: Clusiella axillaris Engl.
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1950: 61. 
Ecology: Native hemiepiphyte, tree. Amazonian: forests on white sand. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Encarnaci&oacute;n 26132 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Clypeola maritima L.


Clypeola maritima L. = Lobularia maritima (L.) Desv.

Reference: FP 614: 967. 


$


 Clytostoma binatum (Thunb.) Sandwith



Clytostoma binatum (Thunb.) Sandwith

Synonyms: Clytostoma binatum (C. Mart. ex DC.) Bureau & K. Schum., Clytostoma binatum Huber, Clytostoma binatum Lodd. ex Hook. f., Clytostoma binatum Thunb.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1362: 38; Gentry, A. H., 1977: 51. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: seasonally inundated areas, swamps. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry 52304 (AMAZ!, MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Clytostoma callistegioides (Cham.) Bureau ex Griseb.



Clytostoma callistegioides (Cham.) Bureau ex Griseb.

Synonyms: Clytostoma callistegioides Cham.


$


 Clytostoma campanulatum (Cham.) Bureau & K. Schum.



Clytostoma campanulatum (Cham.) Bureau & K. Schum.

Synonyms: Clytostoma campanulatum Cham.


$


 Clytostoma noterophilum (C. Mart. ex DC.) Bureau & K. Schum.


Clytostoma noterophilum (C. Mart. ex DC.) Bureau & K. Schum. = Clytostoma binatum (Thunb.) Sandwith

Reference: FP 1362: 38. 


$


 Clytostoma sciuripabulum Bureau & K. Schum.



Clytostoma sciuripabulum Bureau & K. Schum.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1362: 39; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 139. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry 31167 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.


$


 Clytostoma uleanum Kranzlin



Clytostoma uleanum Kranzlin

Synonyms: Clytostoma uleanum Rusby
Reference: Flora Peru: 1362: 39. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 26280 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Cnemidaria alatissima Stolze



Cnemidaria alatissima Stolze

Reference: Flora Peru: 2132: 138. 
Ecology: Endemic Solitary, globular cactus. Andean I: cloud forests. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Dudley 13281 (US)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Cnemidaria horrida (L.) C. Presl



Cnemidaria horrida (L.) C. Presl

Reference: Flora Peru: 2132: 138. 
Ecology: Native Solitary, globular cactus. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 3182 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cnemidaria nervosa (Maxon) R.M. Tryon



Cnemidaria nervosa (Maxon) R.M. Tryon

Reference: Flora Peru: 2132: 139. 
Ecology: Native tree. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Mexia 6291* (F!), Wurdack 2059 (US)


$


 Cnemidaria speciosa C. Presl



Cnemidaria speciosa C. Presl

Reference: Flora Peru: 2132: 139. 
Ecology: Native Solitary, globular cactus. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez 721 (MO!)


$


 Cnemidaria uleana (Samp.) R.M. Tryon


Cnemidaria uleana (Samp.) R.M. Tryon = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 138. 


$


 Cnemidaria uleana (Samp.) R.M. Tryon var.uleana



Cnemidaria uleana (Samp.) R.M. Tryon var. uleana 

Reference: Flora Peru: 2132: 138. 
Ecology: Native Solitary, globular cactus. Andean I-II: cloud forests. 1000-2000 m. 
Voucher: Dudley 10459 (GH)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (Mill.) I.M. Johnst.



Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (Mill.) I.M. Johnst.

Synonyms: Cnidoscolus aconitifolius Mill.
Reference: Webster, G. L. & M. J. Huft, 1988: 114. 
Ecology: Native shrub. . 
Voucher: Barbour 2141 (MO!)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Cnidoscolus basiacanthus (Pax & K. Hoffm.) J.F. Macbr.



Cnidoscolus basiacanthus (Pax & K. Hoffm.) J.F. Macbr.

Synonyms: Cnidoscolus basiacanthus Pax & K. Hoffm.
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 164. 
Ecology. 1000-2000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 1694* , Mostacero et al. 1779 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lima.


$


 Cnidoscolus diacanthus (Pax & Hoffmann) J.F. Macbr.



Cnidoscolus diacanthus (Pax & Hoffmann) J.F. Macbr.

Synonyms: Cnidoscolus diacanthus Pax & K. Hoffm.
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 164. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I-II: grasslands. 500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 5903* (B), Ellenberg 451 (DAV)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Huancavelica.


$


 Cnidoscolus hypoleucus (Pax) Pax & K. Hoffm.



Cnidoscolus hypoleucus (Pax) Pax & K. Hoffm.

Synonyms: Cnidoscolus hypoleucus Pax
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 165. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I: rocky slopes. 500-1000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 4797* 
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Cnidoscolus jaenensis (Pax & K. Hoffm.) J.F. Macbr.



Cnidoscolus jaenensis (Pax & K. Hoffm.) J.F. Macbr.

Synonyms: Cnidoscolus jaenensis Pax & K. Hoffm.
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 165. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6234* , Plowman et al. 14236 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cnidoscolus peruvianus (M&uuml;ll. Arg.) J.F. Macbr.


Cnidoscolus peruvianus (M&uuml;ll. Arg.) J.F. Macbr. = Cnidoscolus peruvianus (Muell. Arg.) Pax & K. Hoffm.

Reference: FP 674: 166. 


$


 Cnidoscolus peruvianus (Muell. Arg.) Pax & K. Hoffm.



Cnidoscolus peruvianus (Muell. Arg.) Pax & K. Hoffm.

Synonyms: Cnidoscolus peruvianus (M&uuml;ll. Arg.) J.F. Macbr., Cnidoscolus peruvianus M&uuml;ll. Arg.


$


 Cnidoscolus pyrophorus (Pax) J.F. Macbr.



Cnidoscolus pyrophorus (Pax) J.F. Macbr.

Synonyms: Cnidoscolus pyrophorus Pax
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 166. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I: grasslands. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4129* (MO!), Gentry et al. 22738 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Cnidoscolus tubulosus (M&uuml;ll. Arg.) I.M. Johnst.



Cnidoscolus tubulosus (M&uuml;ll. Arg.) I.M. Johnst.

Synonyms: Cnidoscolus tubulosus M&uuml;ll. Arg.
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 167. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I: forests. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: N&uacute;&ntilde;ez et al. 6815 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cnidoscolus urens (L.) Arthur



Cnidoscolus urens (L.) Arthur

Synonyms: Cnidoscolus urens L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 167; Webster, G. L. & M. J. Huft, 1988: 1114. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I: disturbed areas, seasonally inundated areas. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Croat 50920 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cobaea campanulata Hemsl.



Cobaea campanulata Hemsl.

Synonyms: Cobaea campanulata House
Reference: Flora Peru: 1295: 122. 
Ecology. 1000-1500 m. 
Note: Without collection data.  
Departments: Piura.


$


 Cobaea hookeriana Standl.


Cobaea hookeriana Standl. = Cobaea penduliflora (Karsten) Hooker

Reference: FP 1295: 122. 


$


 Cobaea lutea D. Don



Cobaea lutea D. Don

$


 Cobaea penduliflora (Karsten) Hooker



Cobaea penduliflora (Karsten) Hooker

Synonyms: Cobaea penduliflora Karsten, Cobaea penduliflora Standl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1295: 122. 
Ecology: Native liana. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Spruce 4353 (K)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cobaea scandens Cav.



Cobaea scandens Cav.

Synonyms: Cobaea scandens (Cav.) House
Reference: Flora Peru: 1295: 123. 
Ecology. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Soukup 3509 
Departments: Amazonas, Apur&iacute;mac, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Coburgia angusta Herbert


Coburgia angusta Herbert = Stenomesson recurvatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Baker

$


 Coburgia chachapoyensis Herbert


Coburgia chachapoyensis Herbert = Stenomesson variegatum (Ruiz & Pav.) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Meerow, pers. comm.. 


$


 Coburgia coccinea (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Herbert


Coburgia coccinea (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Herbert = Stenomesson coccineum (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Herbert

Reference: FP 1190: 679; Ravenna, P., 1971: 79. 


$


 Coburgia fulva Herbert


Coburgia fulva Herbert = Stenomesson fulvum (Herbert) Ravenna

Reference: FP 1190: 682; Ravenna, P., 1971: 79. 


$


 Coburgia humilis (Herbert) Herbert


Coburgia humilis (Herbert) Herbert = Stenomesson humile (Herbert) Baker

Reference: FP 1190: 680; Ravenna, P., 1971: 84. 


$


 Coburgia laeta Herbert


Coburgia laeta Herbert = Stenomesson recurvatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Baker

Reference: Ravenna, P., 1971: 75. 


$


 Coburgia langensis Herbert


Coburgia langensis Herbert = Stenomesson recurvatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Baker

Reference: Ravenna, P., 1978: 75. 


$


 Coburgia lutea (Herbert) Herbert


Coburgia lutea (Herbert) Herbert = Stenomesson luteum (Herbert) Baker

Reference: FP 1190: 681. 


$


 Coburgia macleanica (Herbert) Herbert


Coburgia macleanica (Herbert) Herbert = Stenomesson macleanicum (Herbert) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 1190: 681. 


$


 Coburgia minita Lindl.


Coburgia minita Lindl. = Stenomesson incarum Kraenzl.

Reference: FP 1190: 680. 


$


 Coburgia obragillensis Herbert


Coburgia obragillensis Herbert = Stenomesson recurvatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Baker

Reference: Ravenna, P., 1978: 75. 


$


 Coburgia praecipitata Herbert


Coburgia praecipitata Herbert = Stenomesson coccineum (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Herbert

Reference: FP 1190: 679; Ravenna, P., 1971: 79. 


$


 Coburgia recurvata (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Herbert


Coburgia recurvata (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Herbert = Stenomesson recurvatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Baker

Reference: FP 1190: 682. 


$


 Coburgia splendens Herbert


Coburgia splendens Herbert = Stenomesson incarnatum (Kunth) Baker

Reference: Ravenna, P., 1978: 71; Meerow, A. W., 1990: 30. 


$


 Coburgia trichroma (La Llave & Lexarza) Herbert


Coburgia trichroma (La Llave & Lexarza) Herbert = Stenomesson incarnatum (Kunth) Baker

Reference: FP 1190: 682; Meerow, A. W., 1990: 28. 


$


 Coburgia variegata (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Herbert


Coburgia variegata (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Herbert = Stenomesson variegatum (Ruiz & Pav.) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 1190: 682. 


$


 Coburgia venusta Herbert


Coburgia venusta Herbert = Stenomesson coccineum (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Herbert

Reference: FP 1190: 679. 


$


 Coburgia versicolor Herbert


Coburgia versicolor Herbert = Stenomesson incarnatum (Kunth) Baker

Reference: Meerow, pers. comm.. 


$


 Coccineorchis cernua (Lindl.) Garay



Coccineorchis cernua (Lindl.) Garay

Synonyms: Coccineorchis cernua (Kraenzl.) Schltr., Coccineorchis cernua Garay, Coccineorchis cernua Kraenzl., Coccineorchis cernua Lindl.
Reference: Garay, L. A., 1978: 237; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6635* (AMES)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Coccineorchis corymbosa (Kraenzl.) Schltr.


Coccineorchis corymbosa (Kraenzl.) Schltr. = Coccineorchis cernua (Lindl.) Garay

Reference: FP 1438: 131; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Coccocypselum aureum (Sprengel) Cham. & Schltdl.



Coccocypselum aureum (Sprengel) Cham. & Schltdl.

Synonyms: Coccocypselum aureum Sprengel
Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 492. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   Steyermark (1974) cites its distribution as including Peru. 


$


 Coccocypselum brittonii Rusby


Coccocypselum brittonii Rusby = Coccocypselum condalia Pers.

Reference: FP 1365: 81; Standley, P. C., 1931: 283. 


$


 Coccocypselum canescens Willd. ex Cham. & Schltdl.


Coccocypselum canescens Willd. ex Cham. & Schltdl. = Coccocypselum lanceolatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Reference: FP 1365: 82; Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 488. 


$


 Coccocypselum condalia Pers.



Coccocypselum condalia Pers.

Synonyms: Coccocypselum condalia Britton, Coccocypselum condalia Poir., Coccocypselum condalia Ruiz & Pav., Coccocypselum condalia Rusby
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 81; Standley, P. C., 1931: 283. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests, riversides. 0-3500 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 6675 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Coccocypselum decumbens Krause



Coccocypselum decumbens Krause

Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 81. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I-II: disturbed areas. 1000-2500 m. 
Note: This may prove to be conspecific with C. guianense (Aublet) Schumann and C. hirsutum var. glabrum (Barling ex DC.) L. O. Williams. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 1141* (B photo F!), Metcalf 30620 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Pasco, Puno.


$


 Coccocypselum glabrum Britton


Coccocypselum glabrum Britton = Coccocypselum condalia Pers.

Reference: FP 1365: 81; Standley, P. C., 1931: 283. 
Note: nom. illeg.  


$


 Coccocypselum hirsutum Bartl. ex DC.



Coccocypselum hirsutum Bartl. ex DC.

Synonyms: Coccocypselum hirsutum (Bartl. ex DC.) Standl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 81; Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 487. 
Ecology. 1000-1500 m. 
Note: Not reconfirmed. ; known from only one collection.  
Voucher: Williams 7307 (S)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Coccocypselum lanceolatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.



Coccocypselum lanceolatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Synonyms: Coccocypselum lanceolatum (Willd. ex Cham. & Schltdl.) Standl., Coccocypselum lanceolatum Kunth, Coccocypselum lanceolatum Ruiz & Pav., Coccocypselum lanceolatum Willd. ex Cham. & Schltdl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 82; Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 488. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub, subshrub. Andean I-II: bogs, cloud forests, disturbed areas, forests, riversides. 1000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Knapp et al. 7465 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Coccocypselum macropodum (Ruiz & Pav.) Britton


Coccocypselum macropodum (Ruiz & Pav.) Britton = Geophila macropoda (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.

Reference: FP 1365: 146; Steyermark, J. A., 1972: 390. 


$


 Coccocypselum obovatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.


Coccocypselum obovatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers. = Hoffmannia obovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1365: 93. 


$


 Coccocypselum repens Kunth


Coccocypselum repens Kunth = Coccocypselum lanceolatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Reference: FP 1365: 82; Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 488. 


$


 Coccocypselum sessilis (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.


Coccocypselum sessilis (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers. = Hoffmannia aggregata (Ruiz & Pav.) Schum.

Reference: FP 1365: 92. 


$


 Coccocypselum umbellatum Poir.


Coccocypselum umbellatum Poir. = Coccocypselum condalia Pers.

Reference: FP 1365: 81. 


$


 Coccoloba acuminata Kunth



Coccoloba acuminata Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 1251: 458; Howard, R. A., 1960: 216; Brandbyge, J., 1989: 40. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, seasonally inundated areas, riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: N&uacute;&ntilde;ez et al. 10566 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.


$


 Coccoloba barbeyana Lindau


Coccoloba barbeyana Lindau = Coccoloba densifrons C. Mart. ex Meisn.

Reference: FP 1251: 459; Howard, R. A., 1960: 232. 


$


 Coccoloba coronata Jacq.



Coccoloba coronata Jacq.

Reference: Howard, R. A., 1960: 227; Brandbyge, J., 1989: 46. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 2240 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Coccoloba densifrons C. Mart. ex Meisn.



Coccoloba densifrons C. Mart. ex Meisn.

Synonyms: Coccoloba densifrons Lindau
Reference: Howard, R. A., 1960: 232; Brandbyge, J., 1989: 45. 
Ecology: Native hemiepiphyte, liana, shrub, tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, riversides, seasonally inundated areas, swamps. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ayala et al. 2648 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Coccoloba excelsa Benth.



Coccoloba excelsa Benth.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1251: 459; Howard, R. A., 1960: 234. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Howard (1960a) does not cite any Peruvian collections.  The citation in the Flora of Peru probably refers to C. excelsa var. glabra, a synonym of C. parimensis. 


$


 Coccoloba excelsa var. glabra Lindau


Coccoloba excelsa var. glabra Lindau = Coccoloba parimensis Benth.

Reference: Howard, R. A., 1960: 367. 


$


 Coccoloba gracilis Kunth



Coccoloba gracilis Kunth

Synonyms: Coccoloba gracilis Willd. ex Lindau pro syn
Reference: Flora Peru: 1251: 460; Howard, R. A., 1960: 241. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: rocky slopes. 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland 3498* (P), Mostacero et al. 1086 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lambayeque, La Libertad, Loreto.


$


 Coccoloba ilheensis Wedd.



Coccoloba ilheensis Wedd.

Reference: Howard, R. A., 1960: 244. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Croat 20434 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Coccoloba lehmannii Lindau



Coccoloba lehmannii Lindau

Reference: Howard, R. A., 1960: 248; Brandbyge, J., 1989: 42; Howard, R. A., 1992: 366. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez et al. 12031 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Coccoloba marginata Benth.



Coccoloba marginata Benth.

Reference: Howard, R. A., 1960: 250. 
Ecology: Native shrub, treelet. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez et al. 5566 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Coccoloba mollis Casar.



Coccoloba mollis Casar.

Synonyms: Coccoloba mollis Wedd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1251: 460; Howard, R. A., 1960: 253; Brandbyge, J., 1989: 38. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Coastal: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: D&iacute;az & V&aacute;squez 3089 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Tumbes, Ucayali.


$


 Coccoloba monoica Ruiz ex Meisn.


Coccoloba monoica Ruiz ex Meisn. = Muehlenbeckia tamnifolia (Kunth) Meisn.

Reference: Howard, R. A., 1960: 235. 


$


 Coccoloba nutans Kunth



Coccoloba nutans Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 1251: 460; Howard, R. A., 1960: 257. 
Ecology: Endemic liana. Amazonian, Coastal: disturbed areas, riversides, seasonally inundated areas, terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Howard (1960) notes that this species is a liana, not a tree as stated in the Flora of Peru. 
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland s.n.* (P-H&B), Rimachi 3312 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, La Libertad, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Coccoloba padiformis Meisn.



Coccoloba padiformis Meisn.

Synonyms: Coccoloba padiformis Lindau
Reference: Howard, R. A., 1960: 365; Brandbyge, J., 1989: 46. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree, treelet. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m. 
Note: Treated here following Howard (1960b); Brandbyge (1989) suggests a different specific concept by limiting the distribution to Colombia and Venezuela. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 6397 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Coccoloba paraensis Meisn.



Coccoloba paraensis Meisn.

Reference: Howard, R. A., 1960: 366. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests on white sand, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Note: Howard (1960) treated this taxon as a synonym of C. parimensis.  However, the specimen cited here was determined by Howard in 1986. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 4366 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Coccoloba parimensis Benth.



Coccoloba parimensis Benth.

Synonyms: Coccoloba parimensis Lindau
Reference: Howard, R. A., 1960: 367. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Rimachi 3251 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Coccoloba peruviana Lindau



Coccoloba peruviana Lindau

Synonyms: Coccoloba peruviana (Lindau) Kuntze
Reference: Flora Peru: 1251: 460; Howard, R. A., 1960: 369; Brandbyge, J., 1989: 44. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1500 m. 
Note: Brandbyge (1989) states that the type is probably from Ecuador. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n 229* (B photo F!, G), Alexiades & Pesha 210 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Coccoloba peruviana Willd. ex Lindau pro syn


Coccoloba peruviana Willd. ex Lindau pro syn = Coccoloba gracilis Kunth

Reference: FP 1251: 460. 


$


 Coccoloba polystachya Wedd.


Coccoloba polystachya Wedd. = Coccoloba mollis Casar.

Reference: FP 1251: 460; Howard, R. A., 1960: 253. 


$


 Coccoloba ruiziana Lindau



Coccoloba ruiziana Lindau

Reference: Flora Peru: 1251: 461; Howard, R. A., 1960: 375; Brandbyge, J., 1989: 41. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I, Coastal: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 0-2000 m. 
Note: The Ruiz & Pavon collection cited as the lectotype in the Flora of Peru is actually from Ecuador (Howard, 1960b). 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6435 (F)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Piura, Tumbes.


$


 Coccoloba scandens Casaretto



Coccoloba scandens Casaretto

Reference: Howard, R. A., 1960: 378. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests on white sand. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & Aronson 24958 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Coccoloba sphaerococca Lindau


Coccoloba sphaerococca Lindau = Coccoloba padiformis Meisn.

Reference: FP 1251: 461; Howard, R. A., 1960: 365. 
Note: NN  


$


 Coccoloba spruceana Lindau



Coccoloba spruceana Lindau

Reference: Howard, R. A., 1960: 382. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Revilla 1150 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Coccoloba warmingii Meisner



Coccoloba warmingii Meisner

Reference: Howard, R. A., 1960: 389. 
Ecology: Native tree. Region uncertain: disturbed areas, forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 4906 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Coccoloba williamsii Standl.



Coccoloba williamsii Standl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1251: 461; Howard, R. A., 1992: 366. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Williams 4803* (F!), van der Werff et al. 10171 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cocculus chondodendron DC.


Cocculus chondodendron DC. = Chondrodendron tomentosum Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1274: 687; Krukoff, B. A. & H. N. Moldenke, 1938: 16. 


$


 Cocculus domingensis DC.


Cocculus domingensis DC. = Hyperbaena domingensis (DC.) Benth.

Reference: FP 1274: 695; Mathias, M. E. & W. L. Theobald, 1981: 89. 


$


 Cocculus grandifolius Mart.


Cocculus grandifolius Mart. = Abuta grandifolia (Mart.) Sandwith

$


 Cocculus imene Mart.


Cocculus imene Mart. = Abuta imene (Mart.) Eichler

$


 Cocculus japurensis Mart.


Cocculus japurensis Mart. = Borismene japurensis (Mart.) Barneby

Reference: FP 1274: 696. 


$


 Cocculus laurifolius DC.



Cocculus laurifolius DC.

$


 Cocculus pahni Martius


Cocculus pahni Martius = Abuta pahnii (Martius) Krukoff & Barneby

Reference: Barneby, R. C. & B. A. Krukoff, 1971: 43. 


$


 Cocculus pauper Griseb.


Cocculus pauper Griseb. = Odontocarya tamoides var. canescens (Miers) Barneby

Reference: FP 1274: 690; Barneby, R. C., 1970: 91. 
Note: NN  


$


 Cocculus toxicoferus Wedd.


Cocculus toxicoferus Wedd. = Curarea toxicofera (Wedd.) Barneby & Krukoff

Reference: FP 1274: 685; Barneby, R. C. & B. A. Krukoff, 1971: 9. 


$


 Cochleanthes amazonica (Rchb. f. & Warsz.) R.E. Schult. & Garay



Cochleanthes amazonica (Rchb. f. & Warsz.) R.E. Schult. & Garay

Synonyms: Cochleanthes amazonica (Rchb. f. & Warsz.) Rchb. f., Cochleanthes amazonica (Reichenbach f. & Warscewicz) A.D. Hawkes, Cochleanthes amazonica (Rolfe) Hort., Cochleanthes amazonica Rchb. f. & Warsz., Cochleanthes amazonica Rolfe
Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 30. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Berlin 1735 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Cochlioda beyrodtiana Schltr.



Cochlioda beyrodtiana Schltr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1484: 794; Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 31. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean II: cloud forests. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Bennett & Bennett 1885 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Cochlioda densiflora Lindl.



Cochlioda densiflora Lindl.

Synonyms: Cochlioda densiflora (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1484: 794; Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 32. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean II: cloud forests. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison 4618 (AMES)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Cochlioda noezliana (Masters) Rolfe



Cochlioda noezliana (Masters) Rolfe

Synonyms: Cochlioda noezliana Masters
Reference: Flora Peru: 1484: 795; Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 33. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean II: cloud forests. 2000-3000 m. 
Note: The Flora of Peru lists the incorrect author citation C. noezliana (Hort. ex Gard. Chron.) Rolfe. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 7837 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Cochlioda rosea (Lindl.) Benth.



Cochlioda rosea (Lindl.) Benth.

Synonyms: Cochlioda rosea (Lindl.) Rchb. f., Cochlioda rosea Lindl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1484: 795; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I-II: forests. 1000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Pastorelli illus.  


$


 Cochlioda sanguinea Benth. & Hook. f.


Cochlioda sanguinea Benth. & Hook. f. = Symphyglossum sanguineum (Reichenbach f.) Schltr.

Reference: FP 1484: 833. 


$


 Cochlioda vulcanica (Rchb. f.) Benth. & Hook. f. ex B.D. Jacks.



Cochlioda vulcanica (Rchb. f.) Benth. & Hook. f. ex B.D. Jacks.

Synonyms: Cochlioda vulcanica Rchb. f.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1484: 796; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean II: forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Young et al. 405 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Cochlioda weberbaueriana Kraenzl.


Cochlioda weberbaueriana Kraenzl. = Neodryas weberbaueriana (Kraenzlin) Schltr.

Reference: FP 1484: 799; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cochlospermum orinocense (Kunth) Steud.



Cochlospermum orinocense (Kunth) Steud.

Synonyms: Cochlospermum orinocense J.F. Macbr., Cochlospermum orinocense Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 732: 13; Poppendieck, H.-H., 1981: 14. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Croat 17806 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.


$


 Cochlospermum potentilloides (Pilg.) J.F. Macbr.


Cochlospermum potentilloides (Pilg.) J.F. Macbr. = Amoreuxia potentilloides Pilg.

Reference: FP 732: 14; Poppendieck, H.-H., 1981: 18, 24. 
Note: NN  


$


 Cochlospermum vitifolium (Willd.) Spreng.



Cochlospermum vitifolium (Willd.) Spreng.

Synonyms: Cochlospermum vitifolium Willd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 732: 14; Poppendieck, H.-H., 1981: 9. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: D&iacute;az & Osores 2643 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Piura, Tumbes.


$


 Cochlospermum williamsii J.F. Macbr.


Cochlospermum williamsii J.F. Macbr. = Cochlospermum orinocense (Kunth) Steud.

Reference: FP 732: 14; Poppendieck, H.-H., 1981: 14. 


$


 Cocos butyracea Mutis ex L. f.


Cocos butyracea Mutis ex L. f. = Scheelea butyracea (Mutis ex L. f.) H. Karst. ex H. Wendl.

$


 Cocos venatorum Poepp. ex Mart.


Cocos venatorum Poepp. ex Mart. = Maximiliana maripa (Aublet) Drude

Reference: FP 39695: 393; Henderson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Codochonia solanoides Dunal


Codochonia solanoides Dunal = Iochroma umbellatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Hunziker ex D'Arcy

Reference: FP 1349: 50; Hunziker, pers. comm.. 


$


 Codonanthe aggregata (Mart.) Hanst.


Codonanthe aggregata (Mart.) Hanst. = Besleria aggregata (Mart.) Hanst.

$


 Codonanthe confusa Sandwith


Codonanthe confusa Sandwith = Codonanthe crassifolia (Focke) C.V. Morton

$


 Codonanthe corniculata Wiehler



Codonanthe corniculata Wiehler

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1977: 95. 
Ecology. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Dressler s.n.* (SEL), Schunke 4457 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Codonanthe crassifolia (Focke) C.V. Morton



Codonanthe crassifolia (Focke) C.V. Morton

Synonyms: Codonanthe crassifolia Focke, Codonanthe crassifolia Hanst., Codonanthe crassifolia Sandwith
Reference: Wiehler, H., 1977: 86. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Killip et al. 29211 (NY!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Codonanthe decurrens I.M. Johnst.


Codonanthe decurrens I.M. Johnst. = Codonanthe uleana Fritsch

$


 Codonanthe dissimulata H.E. Moore


Codonanthe dissimulata H.E. Moore = Codonanthopsis dissimulata (H.E. Moore) Wiehler

$


 Codonanthe formicarum Fritsch


Codonanthe formicarum Fritsch = Codonanthe uleana Fritsch

$


 Codonanthe uleana Fritsch



Codonanthe uleana Fritsch

Synonyms: Codonanthe uleana Donn. Sm., Codonanthe uleana Fritsch, Codonanthe uleana Fritsch, Codonanthe uleana I.M. Johnst.
Reference: Wiehler, H., 1977: 86. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I: seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Mexia 6265 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Codonanthe uleana var. integrifolia Fritsch


Codonanthe uleana var. integrifolia Fritsch = Codonanthe uleana Fritsch

$


 Codonanthe ulei (Mansf.) H.E. Moore


Codonanthe ulei (Mansf.) H.E. Moore = Codonanthopsis ulei Mansf.

$


 Codonanthopsis aggregata (Mart.) Hoehne


Codonanthopsis aggregata (Mart.) Hoehne = Besleria aggregata (Mart.) Hanst.

Reference: Morton, C. V., 1968: 136. 


$


 Codonanthopsis dissimulata (H.E. Moore) Wiehler



Codonanthopsis dissimulata (H.E. Moore) Wiehler

Synonyms: Codonanthopsis dissimulata H.E. Moore, Codonanthopsis dissimulata Wiehler
Reference: Wiehler, H., 1978: 61. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Stone 1143* (cultivated, BH), Schunke 8363 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Codonanthopsis peruviana Wiehler


Codonanthopsis peruviana Wiehler = Codonanthopsis dissimulata (H.E. Moore) Wiehler

$


 Codonanthopsis ulei Mansf.



Codonanthopsis ulei Mansf.

Synonyms: Codonanthopsis ulei (Mansf.) H.E. Moore
Reference: Mansfeld, R., 1934: 120. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry 42371 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Pasco.


$


 Codonechites laxiflora (Rusby) Pichon


Codonechites laxiflora (Rusby) Pichon = Odontadenia laxiflora (Rusby) Woodson

Reference: Woodson Jr., R. E., 1935: 305. 


$


 Codonechites paniculata Markgr.


Codonechites paniculata Markgr. = Odontadenia laxiflora (Rusby) Woodson

Reference: FP 1343: 443. 


$


 Codonemma macrocalyx (M&uuml;ll. Arg.) Miers


Codonemma macrocalyx (M&uuml;ll. Arg.) Miers = Tabernaemontana macrocalyx M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: Leeuwenberg, pers. comm.. 


$


 Coelogyne triptera Brongniart


Coelogyne triptera Brongniart = Encyclia pygmaea (Hooker) Dressler

Reference: FP 1467: 498. 


$


 Coffea acuminata Ruiz & Pav.


Coffea acuminata Ruiz & Pav. = Rudgea acuminata (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1365: 160; Standley, P. C., 1931: 327. 


$


 Coffea arabica L.



Coffea arabica L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 124; Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 902. 
Ecology: Cultivated shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Ancuash 295 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Coffea ciliata Ruiz & Pav.


Coffea ciliata Ruiz & Pav. = Rudgea ciliata (Zahlbr.) Sprengel

Reference: FP 1365: 162; Standley, P. C., 1931: 329. 


$


 Coffea foveolata Ruiz & Pav.


Coffea foveolata Ruiz & Pav. = Rudgea foveolata (Ruiz & Pav.) Zahlbr.

Reference: FP 1365: 163. 


$


 Coffea longifolia Ruiz & Pav.



Coffea longifolia Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 124. 
Ecology. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   The diagnosis and plate are too ambiguous to determine the generic position; it may be a Psychotria. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* 


$


 Coffea microcarpa Ruiz & Pav.


Coffea microcarpa Ruiz & Pav. = Rudgea microcarpa (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1365: 166. 


$


 Coffea nitida Ruiz & Pav.


Coffea nitida Ruiz & Pav. = Rudgea nitida (Ruiz & Pav.) Sprengel

Reference: FP 1365: 166. 


$


 Coffea racemosa Ruiz & Pav.


Coffea racemosa Ruiz & Pav. = Rudgea racemosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Sprengel

Reference: FP 1365: 168. 


$


 Coffea subsessilis Ruiz & Pav.


Coffea subsessilis Ruiz & Pav. = Faramea subsessilis (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1365: 143. 


$


 Coffea umbellata Ruiz & Pav.



Coffea umbellata Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Coffea umbellata (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl., Coffea umbellata Krause, Coffea umbellata Rusby
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 156; Standley, P. C., 1931: 301. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, riversides. 0-1500 m. 
Note: The placement of this taxon remains uncertain.  It is probably a species of Psychotria. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (F!), Mathias & Taylor 6360 (F!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Coffea verticillata Ruiz & Pav.


Coffea verticillata Ruiz & Pav. = Rudgea verticillata (Ruiz & Pav.) Spreng.

Reference: FP 1365: 170. 


$


 Coilostylis emarginata Raf.


Coilostylis emarginata Raf. = Epidendrum ciliare L.

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Coix lacryma-jobi L.



Coix lacryma-jobi L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 258; Herrera, F. L., 1941: 142. 
Ecology: Cultivated herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas. 0-1000 m. 
Note: This species is often naturalized in Peru. 
Voucher: Smith et al. 1432 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Cojoba arborea (L.) Britton & Rose



Cojoba arborea (L.) Britton & Rose

Synonyms: Cojoba arborea (L.) Ricker, Cojoba arborea (L.) Urb., Cojoba arborea (L.) Willd., Cojoba arborea L.
Reference: Rico-Arce, M. de L., 1991: 507. 
Ecology: Native tree. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Mexia 8309 (K)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Cojoba chazutensis (Standl.) L. Rico



Cojoba chazutensis (Standl.) L. Rico

Synonyms: Cojoba chazutensis Standl.
Reference: Rico-Arce, M. de L., 1991: 507. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 4011* (MO!), Ferreyra 4866 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cojoba sophorocarpa (Benth.) Britton & Rose



Cojoba sophorocarpa (Benth.) Britton & Rose

Synonyms: Cojoba sophorocarpa Benth.
Reference: Rico-Arce, M. de L., 1991: 511. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, semi-deciduous forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 2997 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Coldenia aggregata Rusby


Coldenia aggregata Rusby = Tiquilia paronychioides (F. Phil.) A.T. Richardson

Reference: FP 1285: 570; Richardson, A. T., 1977: 561. 


$


 Coldenia conspicua I.M. Johnst.


Coldenia conspicua I.M. Johnst. = Tiquilia conspicua (I. M. Johnston) A.T. Richardson

Reference: FP 1285: 569 ; Richardson, A. T., 1977: 559. 


$


 Coldenia conspicua J.T. Howell


Coldenia conspicua J.T. Howell = Tiquilia nesiotica (J.T. Howell) A.T. Richardson

Reference: Richardson, A. T., 1977: 565. 


$


 Coldenia dichotoma (R. & P.) Lehmann


Coldenia dichotoma (R. & P.) Lehmann = Tiquilia dichotoma (R. & P.) Pers.

Reference: FP 1285: 569; Richardson, A. T., 1977: 543. 


$


 Coldenia dombeyana Jussieu ex A. DC.


Coldenia dombeyana Jussieu ex A. DC. = Tiquilia dichotoma (R. & P.) Pers.

Reference: FP 1285: 569; Richardson, A. T., 1977: 543. 


$


 Coldenia elongata Rusby


Coldenia elongata Rusby = Tiquilia elongata (Rusby) A.T. Richardson

Reference: FP 1285: 570; Richardson, A. T., 1977: 554. 


$


 Coldenia ferreyrae I.M. Johnst.


Coldenia ferreyrae I.M. Johnst. = Tiquilia ferreyrae (I. M. Johnston) A.T. Richardson

Reference: Richardson, A. T., 1977: 549. 


$


 Coldenia grandiflora Philippi


Coldenia grandiflora Philippi = Tiquilia grandiflora (Philippi) A.T. Richardson

Reference: Richardson, A. T., 1977: 547. 


$


 Coldenia litoralis Philippi


Coldenia litoralis Philippi = Tiquilia litoralis (Philippi) A.T. Richardson

Reference: Richardson, A. T., 1977: 557. 


$


 Coldenia nesiotica J.T. Howell


Coldenia nesiotica J.T. Howell = Tiquilia nesiotica (J.T. Howell) A.T. Richardson

Reference: Richardson, A. T., 1977: 565. 


$


 Coldenia paronychioides F. Phil.


Coldenia paronychioides F. Phil. = Tiquilia paronychioides (F. Phil.) A.T. Richardson

Reference: FP 1285: 570; Richardson, A. T., 1977: 561. 


$


 Coldenia parviflora Philippi


Coldenia parviflora Philippi = Tiquilia atacamensis (Philippi) Richards.

Reference: FP 1285: 570; Richardson, A. T., 1977: 551. 
Note: NN  


$


 Coldenia pentandra Jussieu


Coldenia pentandra Jussieu = Tiquilia dichotoma (R. & P.) Pers.

Reference: FP 1285: 570; Niklas, K. J., 1991: 543. 


$


 Coldenia simulans I.M. Johnst.


Coldenia simulans I.M. Johnst. = Tiquilia simulans (I.M. Johnst.) A.T. Richardson

Reference: Richardson, A. T., 1977: 545. 


$


 Coleus blumei Benth.



Coleus blumei Benth.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1287: 725. 
Ecology: Introduced herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas, terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Croat 18313 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Loreto.


$


 Colicodendron avicenniaefolium (Humb., Bonpl. & Kunth) Seem.


Colicodendron avicenniaefolium (Humb., Bonpl. & Kunth) Seem. = Capparis avicennifolia Kunth

Reference: Woodson Jr., R. E. & Schery, R. W., 1948: 97. 


$


 Colignonia acutifolia (Heimerl) Heimerl


Colignonia acutifolia (Heimerl) Heimerl = Colignonia parviflora var. acutifolia (Heimerl) Bohlin

Reference: FP 1258: 532; Bohlin, J. E., 1988: 245. 


$


 Colignonia biumbellata Ball


Colignonia biumbellata Ball = Colignonia parviflora var. biumbellata 

Reference: FP 1258: 532; Bohlin, J. E., 1988: 244. 


$


 Colignonia glomerata Griseb.



Colignonia glomerata Griseb.

$


 Colignonia glomerata var. acutifolia (Heimerl) Heimerl


Colignonia glomerata var. acutifolia (Heimerl) Heimerl = Colignonia parviflora var. acutifolia (Heimerl) Bohlin

Reference: FP 1258: 532; Bohlin, J. E., 1988: 245. 


$


 Colignonia glomerata var.boliviana Heimerl



Colignonia glomerata var. boliviana Heimerl

Reference: Bohlin, J. E., 1988: 247. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Brunel 551 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco.


$


 Colignonia glomerata var.glomerata



Colignonia glomerata var. glomerata 

Synonyms: Colignonia glomerata var. glomerata Heimerl
Reference: Bohlin, J. E., 1988: 245. 
Ecology. 1000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Metcalf 30490 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Puno.


$


 Colignonia glomerata var. typica Heimerl


Colignonia glomerata var. typica Heimerl = Colignonia glomerata var. glomerata 

Reference: Bohlin, J. E., 1988: 245. 


$


 Colignonia microphylla Heimerl


Colignonia microphylla Heimerl = Colignonia ovalifolia Heimerl

Reference: FP 1258: 533; Bohlin, J. E., 1988: 249. 


$


 Colignonia ovalifolia Heimerl



Colignonia ovalifolia Heimerl

Synonyms: Colignonia ovalifolia Heimerl
Reference: Bohlin, J. E., 1988: 249. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub, subshrub. Andean II: riversides. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: L&oacute;pez 9101 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cajamarca, Cuzco.


$



$



$


 Colignonia parviflora var.acutifolia (Heimerl) Bohlin



Colignonia parviflora var. acutifolia (Heimerl) Bohlin

Synonyms: Colignonia parviflora acutifolia (Heimerl) Heimerl, Colignonia parviflora var. acutifolia (Heimerl) Heimerl
Reference: Bohlin, J. E., 1988: 245. 
Ecology. 1500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison & Bennet 4748 (F)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, La Libertad, Piura.


$


 Colignonia parviflora var.biumbellata



Colignonia parviflora var. biumbellata 

Synonyms: Colignonia parviflora biumbellata Ball, Colignonia parviflora biumbellata Heimerl, Colignonia parviflora biumbellata Heimerl
Reference: Bohlin, J. E., 1988: 244. 
Ecology. 1000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Ball s.n.* (K), Sag&aacute;stegui 8544 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, La Libertad, Lima, Moquegua, Piura.


$


 Colignonia pubigera Heimerl


Colignonia pubigera Heimerl = Colignonia parviflora var. biumbellata 

Reference: FP 1258: 533; Bohlin, J. E., 1988: 244. 


$


 Colignonia rufopilosa Kuntze



Colignonia rufopilosa Kuntze

Reference: Flora Peru: 1258: 533; Bohlin, J. E., 1988: 251. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub, subshrub. Andean II: cloud forests. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 24416 (NY)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Colignonia scandens Benth.



Colignonia scandens Benth.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1258: 534; Bohlin, J. E., 1988: 250. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6407 (F)
Departments: Cajamarca, Piura.


$


 Colignonia weberbaueri Heimerl


Colignonia weberbaueri Heimerl = Colignonia parviflora var. biumbellata 

Reference: FP 1258: 534; Bohlin, J. E., 1988: 244. 


$


 Collaea speciosa (Loiseleur) DC.



Collaea speciosa (Loiseleur) DC.

Synonyms: Collaea speciosa (Loiseleur) Britton, Collaea speciosa Loiseleur
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 334; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 262. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, rocky slopes, shrublands. 500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Plowman & Davis 4916 (GH, USM!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huancavelica, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco, Puno.


$


 Collania andimarcana Herbert


Collania andimarcana Herbert = Bomarea crocea (Ruiz & Pav.) Herbert

Reference: FP 1190: 644. 


$


 Collania dulcis (Hooker) Herbert


Collania dulcis (Hooker) Herbert = Bomarea dulcis (Hooker) Beauverd

Reference: FP 1190: 642. 


$


 Collania dulcis var. parvifolia Herbert


Collania dulcis var. parvifolia Herbert = Bomarea dulcis (Hooker) Beauverd

Reference: FP 1190: 642. 


$


 Collania fiebrigiana (Kraenzlin) Kraenzl.


Collania fiebrigiana (Kraenzlin) Kraenzl. = Bomarea fiebrigiana Kraenzl.

Reference: FP 1190: 641. 


$


 Collania grandis Kraenzl.


Collania grandis Kraenzl. = Bomarea crocea (Ruiz & Pav.) Herbert

Reference: FP 1190: 644. 


$


 Collania involucrosa Herbert


Collania involucrosa Herbert = Bomarea involucrosa (Herbert) Baker

Reference: FP 1190: 640. 


$


 Collania nutans Herbert


Collania nutans Herbert = Bomarea praeusta Kraenzl.

Reference: FP 1190: 656. 


$


 Collania petraea (Kraenzlin) Kraenzl.


Collania petraea (Kraenzlin) Kraenzl. = Bomarea petraea Kraenzl.

Reference: FP 1190: 643. 


$


 Collania puberula Herbert


Collania puberula Herbert = Bomarea puberula (Herbert) Kraenzl.

Reference: FP 1190: 641. 


$


 Colletia aciculata Miers


Colletia aciculata Miers = ?  

Reference: FP 1299: 403; Sealy, J. R., 1937: 332; Tortosa, R. D., 1989: 303. 
Note: NN  


$


 Colletia ephedra Vent.


Colletia ephedra Vent. = Retanilla ephedra (Vent.) Brongn.

Reference: FP 1299: 403; Tortosa, R. D., 1989: 323. 


$


 Colletia horrida Willd.


Colletia horrida Willd. = Colletia spinosissima J.F. Gmel.

Reference: FP 1299: 403; Sealy, J. R., 1937: 332; Tortosa, R. D., 1989: 292. 


$


 Colletia hystrix Clos



Colletia hystrix Clos

Reference: Tortosa, R. D., 1989: 302. 


$


 Colletia kunthiana Miers


Colletia kunthiana Miers = Colletia spinosissima J.F. Gmel.

Reference: FP 1299: 403; Tortosa, R. D., 1989: 294. 


$


 Colletia obcordata Vent.


Colletia obcordata Vent. = Retanilla obcordata (Vent.) Brongniart

Reference: FP 1299: 403; Tortosa, R. D., 1989: 323. 


$


 Colletia polyacantha Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.


Colletia polyacantha Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. = Colletia spinosissima J.F. Gmel.

Reference: FP 1299: 403; Tortosa, R. D., 1989: 292. 


$


 Colletia spicata Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.


Colletia spicata Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. = Scutia spicata (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Weberb. var. spicata 

Reference: FP 1299: 397; Johnston, M. C., 1974: 70. 


$


 Colletia spinosa Lam.


Colletia spinosa Lam. = Colletia spinosissima J.F. Gmel.

Reference: FP 1299: 403; Sealy, J. R., 1937: 332; Tortosa, R. D., 1989: 292. 


$


 Colletia spinosissima J.F. Gmel.



Colletia spinosissima J.F. Gmel.

Synonyms: Colletia spinosissima Lam., Colletia spinosissima Miers, Colletia spinosissima Miers, Colletia spinosissima Willd., Colletia spinosissima Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1299: 403; Sealy, J. R., 1937: 333; Tortosa, R. D., 1989: 292. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 1500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 2648 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Piura, Puno.


$


 Colletia tetragona Brougnart


Colletia tetragona Brougnart = Citharexylum flexuosum var. flexuosum 

Reference: Tortosa, R. D., 1989: 324. 


$


 Colletia weddelliana Miers


Colletia weddelliana Miers = Colletia spinosissima J.F. Gmel.

Reference: FP 1299: 403; Tortosa, R. D., 1989: 294. 


$


 Collomia eritrichoides Griseb.


Collomia eritrichoides Griseb. = Phlox gracilis (Douglas ex Hooker) Greene

Reference: FP 1295: 130. 


$


 Collomia gracilis (Douglas) Lindl.


Collomia gracilis (Douglas) Lindl. = Phlox gracilis (Douglas ex Hooker) Greene

Reference: FP 1295: 130. 


$


 Collomia gracilis var. andicola Wedd.


Collomia gracilis var. andicola Wedd. = Phlox gracilis (Douglas ex Hooker) Greene

Reference: FP 1295: 130. 


$


 Collomia gracilis var. congesta Wedd.


Collomia gracilis var. congesta Wedd. = Phlox gracilis (Douglas ex Hooker) Greene

Reference: FP 1295: 130. 


$


 Collomia micrantha Kellogg


Collomia micrantha Kellogg = Phlox gracilis (Douglas ex Hooker) Greene

Reference: FP 1295: 130. 


$


 Colobanthus crassifolius (D'Urville) Hook. f.



Colobanthus crassifolius (D'Urville) Hook. f.

Synonyms: Colobanthus crassifolius (Humboldt, Bonpland & Kunth) Bartl., Colobanthus crassifolius D'Urville, Colobanthus crassifolius Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 581. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 14671 
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Colobanthus quitensis (Humboldt, Bonpland & Kunth) Bartl.


Colobanthus quitensis (Humboldt, Bonpland & Kunth) Bartl. = Colobanthus crassifolius (D'Urville) Hook. f.

Reference: FP 1267: 581. 


$


 Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott & Endl.



Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott & Endl.

Synonyms: Colocasia esculenta L.
Reference: Madison, M. T., 1981: 361; Croat, T. B. & N. Lambert, 1986: 194. 
Ecology. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: N&uacute;&ntilde;ez & Walsh 6378 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Lima, Loreto.


$


 Cologania broussonetii (Balbis) DC.



Cologania broussonetii (Balbis) DC.

Synonyms: Cologania broussonetii (Kunth) Kuntze, Cologania broussonetii (Kunth) Seckt, Cologania broussonetii (Kunth) Taub., Cologania broussonetii Balbis, Cologania broussonetii Kunth, Cologania broussonetii Kunth
Reference: Fearing, O. S., 1959: 97; Turner, B. L., 1992: 296. 
Ecology: Native shrub, vine. Andean I-III: grasslands, shrublands. 1000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 2506 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Puno.


$


 Cologania ovalifolia Kunth


Cologania ovalifolia Kunth = Cologania broussonetii (Balbis) DC.

Reference: Fearing, O. S., 1959: 107; Turner, B. L., 1992: 291. 


$


 Cologania pulchella Kunth


Cologania pulchella Kunth = Cologania broussonetii (Balbis) DC.

Reference: FP 21: 349; Fearing, O. S., 1959: 97; Turner, B. L., 1992: 291. 


$


 Colubrina glandulosa Perkins



Colubrina glandulosa Perkins

$


 Colubrina glandulosa var.glandulosa



Colubrina glandulosa var. glandulosa 

Reference: Flora Peru: 1299: 400; Johnston, M. C., 1971: 16. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: riversides. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 3623* (G, MOL), Pariona & Quijano 47 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Colubrina retusa (Pittier) Cowan



Colubrina retusa (Pittier) Cowan

$


 Colubrina retusa var.latifolia (Reissek) M.C. Johnst.



Colubrina retusa var. latifolia (Reissek) M.C. Johnst.

Synonyms: Colubrina retusa var. latifolia (J.F. Macbr.) J.F. Macbr., Colubrina retusa var. latifolia J.F. Macbr., Colubrina retusa var. latifolia Reissek
Reference: Johnston, M. C., 1971: 28. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 5368 (F)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Colubrina vellozoi Cowan


Colubrina vellozoi Cowan = Cormonema spinosum (Vell.) Reiss.

Reference: FP 1299: 400; Johnston, M. C., 1971: 51. 
Note: NN  


$


 Colubrina vellozoi var. peruviana (J.F. Macbr.) J.F. Macbr.


Colubrina vellozoi var. peruviana (J.F. Macbr.) J.F. Macbr. = Colubrina retusa var. latifolia (Reissek) M.C. Johnst.

Reference: Johnston, M. C., 1971: 28. 


$


 Columellia andrei J.F. Macbr.


Columellia andrei J.F. Macbr. = Columellia oblonga Ruiz & Pav. subsp. oblonga 

Reference: FP 1363: 101; Fagerstrom, K., 1975: 5. 


$


 Columellia lucida Danguy & Cherm.



Columellia lucida Danguy & Cherm.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1363: 103; Fagerstrom, K., 1975: 5. 
Ecology: Native shrub. . 
Voucher: Friedberg 240 
Departments: Piura.


$


 Columellia mathewsii Briq.


Columellia mathewsii Briq. = Columellia oblonga Ruiz & Pav. subsp. oblonga 

Reference: FP 1363: 101; Brizicky, G. K., 1961: 368; Fagerstrom, K., 1975: 4. 


$


 Columellia oblonga Ruiz & Pav.



Columellia oblonga Ruiz & Pav.

$


 Columellia oblonga Ruiz & Pav. subsp.oblonga



Columellia oblonga Ruiz & Pav. subsp. oblonga 

Synonyms: Columellia oblonga oblonga Briq., Columellia oblonga oblonga J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1363: 101; Brizicky, G. K., 1961: 366; Fagerstrom, K., 1975: 4. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean II: forests. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (F), Ferreyra & Acleto 15314 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Columellia oblonga subsp.sericea (Kunth) Brizicky



Columellia oblonga subsp. sericea (Kunth) Brizicky

Synonyms: Columellia oblonga sericea Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 1363: 103; Brizicky, G. K., 1961: 368; Fagerstrom, K., 1975: 4. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean II: forests. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: D&iacute;az et al. 2660 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Piura.


$


 Columellia obovata Ruiz & Pav.



Columellia obovata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1363: 102; Brizicky, G. K., 1961: 370. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 2500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA photo F), Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 6469 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Ayacucho, Apur&iacute;mac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Columellia sericea Kunth


Columellia sericea Kunth = Columellia oblonga subsp. sericea (Kunth) Brizicky

Reference: FP 1363: 101; Brizicky, G. K., 1961: 368; Fagerstrom, K., 1975: 4. 


$


 Columellia weberbaueri Schltr.



Columellia weberbaueri Schltr.

Reference: Schlechter, R., 1920: 14. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 3000-4000 m. 
Note: Treated as a synonym of C. obovata by Brizicky (1961). 
Voucher: Weberbauer 3241* (MO!, USM!), N&uacute;&ntilde;ez 7003 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco.


$


 Columnea acuminata Benth.


Columnea acuminata Benth. = Columnea anisophylla DC.

$


 Columnea anisophylla DC.



Columnea anisophylla DC.

Synonyms: Columnea anisophylla (Benth.) Hanst., Columnea anisophylla (Benth.) Wiehler, Columnea anisophylla (DC.) Wiehler, Columnea anisophylla (DC.) Wiehler, Columnea anisophylla (Klotzsch ex Oerst.) Hanst., Columnea anisophylla Benth., Columnea anisophylla Klotzsch ex Oerst., Columnea anisophylla Klotzsch ex Oerst., Columnea anisophylla Poepp., Columnea anisophylla Rusby


$


 Columnea archidonae Cuatrec.


Columnea archidonae Cuatrec. = Columnea ericae Mansf.

$


 Columnea ascendens Rusby


Columnea ascendens Rusby = Columnea inaequilatera Poepp.

$


 Columnea aurantiaca Decaisne ex Planchon


Columnea aurantiaca Decaisne ex Planchon = Columnea strigosa Benth.

$


 Columnea calcarata Donn. Sm.


Columnea calcarata Donn. Sm. = Codonanthe uleana Fritsch

$


 Columnea campanulata Benth.


Columnea campanulata Benth. = Columnea strigosa Benth.

$


 Columnea campanulata var. longipedunculata Cuatrec.


Columnea campanulata var. longipedunculata Cuatrec. = Columnea strigosa Benth.

$


 Columnea ciliosa (Mart.) Kuntze


Columnea ciliosa (Mart.) Kuntze = Paradrymonia ciliosa (Mart.) Wiehler

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1978: 49. 


$


 Columnea circinata (Mart.) Kuntze


Columnea circinata (Mart.) Kuntze = Drymonia coccinea (Aublet) Wiehler

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1973: 324. 


$


 Columnea coccinea (Aubl.) Kuntze


Columnea coccinea (Aubl.) Kuntze = Drymonia coccinea (Aublet) Wiehler

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1973: 324. 


$


 Columnea corymbosa (Klotzsch ex Hanst.) Kuntze


Columnea corymbosa (Klotzsch ex Hanst.) Kuntze = Corytoplectus speciosus (Poepp.) Wiehler

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1973: 313. 


$


 Columnea endlicheriana Kuntze


Columnea endlicheriana Kuntze = Drymonia pendula (Poepp.) Wiehler

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1973: 325. 


$


 Columnea ericae Mansf.



Columnea ericae Mansf.

Synonyms: Columnea ericae (Cuatrec.) Wiehler, Columnea ericae (Mansf.) Wiehler, Columnea ericae Cuatrec.
Reference: Mansfeld, R., 1934: 123. 
Ecology: Native herb. . 
Voucher: Schunke 5966 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Columnea guttata Poepp.



Columnea guttata Poepp.

Synonyms: Columnea guttata (Poepp.) Wiehler, Columnea guttata Wiehler, Columnea guttata Wiehler


$


 Columnea ichthyoderma (Hanstein) Kuntze


Columnea ichthyoderma (Hanstein) Kuntze = Alloplectus ichthyoderma Hanst.

$


 Columnea inaequilatera Poepp.



Columnea inaequilatera Poepp.

Synonyms: Columnea inaequilatera (Poepp.) Wiehler, Columnea inaequilatera (Rusby) Wiehler, Columnea inaequilatera Mansf., Columnea inaequilatera Rusby


$


 Columnea inaequilatera var. rhonhofiae Mansf.


Columnea inaequilatera var. rhonhofiae Mansf. = Columnea inaequilatera Poepp.

$


 Columnea isernii Cuatrec.



Columnea isernii Cuatrec.

Synonyms: Columnea isernii (Cuatrec.) Wiehler


$


 Columnea kucyniakii Raym.


Columnea kucyniakii Raym. = Columnea strigosa Benth.

$


 Columnea latifolia Rusby


Columnea latifolia Rusby = Drymonia candida Hanst.

$


 Columnea macrantha Benth.


Columnea macrantha Benth. = Columnea strigosa Benth.

$


 Columnea macrophylla (Oerst.) Kuntze


Columnea macrophylla (Oerst.) Kuntze = Drymonia macrophylla (Oerst.) H.E. Moore

$


 Columnea mocinoana Kuntze


Columnea mocinoana Kuntze = Drymonia serrulata (Jacq.) Mart.

$


 Columnea moesta Poepp.



Columnea moesta Poepp.

$


 Columnea oblongifolia Rusby



Columnea oblongifolia Rusby

Synonyms: Columnea oblongifolia (Rusby) Wiehler


$


 Columnea orientandina (Wiehler) L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog



Columnea orientandina (Wiehler) L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog

Synonyms: Columnea orientandina Wiehler


$


 Columnea patrisii (DC.) Kuntze


Columnea patrisii (DC.) Kuntze = Drymonia coccinea (Aublet) Wiehler

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1973: 324. 


$


 Columnea peruviana Zahlbr.


Columnea peruviana Zahlbr. = Alloplectus peruvianus (Zahlbr.) L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog

$


 Columnea pichinchensis Hanst.


Columnea pichinchensis Hanst. = Columnea strigosa Benth.

$


 Columnea poeppigiana Kuntze


Columnea poeppigiana Kuntze = Corytoplectus speciosus (Poepp.) Wiehler

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1973: 313. 


$


 Columnea purpureovittata (Wiehler) B. Morley



Columnea purpureovittata (Wiehler) B. Morley

Synonyms: Columnea purpureovittata Wiehler


$


 Columnea sanmartensis Rusby


Columnea sanmartensis Rusby = Columnea anisophylla DC.

$


 Columnea semicordata (Poepp.) Kuntze


Columnea semicordata (Poepp.) Kuntze = Drymonia semicordata (Poepp.) Wiehler

$


 Columnea strigosa Benth.



Columnea strigosa Benth.

Synonyms: Columnea strigosa (Benth.) Hanst., Columnea strigosa (Decaisne ex Planchon) Hanst., Columnea strigosa Benth., Columnea strigosa Benth., Columnea strigosa Cuatrec., Columnea strigosa Decaisne ex Planchon, Columnea strigosa Hanst., Columnea strigosa Raym.


$


 Columnea tessmannii Mansf.



Columnea tessmannii Mansf.

Synonyms: Columnea tessmannii (Mansf.) Wiehler
Reference: Mansfeld, R., 1934: 123. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Wurdack 2108* (US!), Salik 7112 (USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Pasco.


$


 Columnea trollii Mansf.



Columnea trollii Mansf.

Synonyms: Columnea trollii (Mansf.) Wiehler


$


 Columnea villosissima Mansf.



Columnea villosissima Mansf.

Synonyms: Columnea villosissima (Mansf.) Wiehler
Reference: Mansfeld, R., 1934: 121. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Tessmann 4964* (B destroyed)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Columnea warscewicziana (Klotzsch ex Oerst.) Hanst.


Columnea warscewicziana (Klotzsch ex Oerst.) Hanst. = Columnea anisophylla DC.

$


 Columnea weberbaueri Mansf.



Columnea weberbaueri Mansf.

Synonyms: Columnea weberbaueri (Mansf.) Wiehler
Reference: Mansfeld, R., 1935: 26. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. . 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7832* (US!), Stein & Todzia 2276A (USM!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Columnea zapotalana (Wiehler) L.E. Skog


Columnea zapotalana (Wiehler) L.E. Skog = Alloplectus microsepalus C.V. Morton

$


 Combretum assimile Eichler



Combretum assimile Eichler

Reference: Flora Peru: 759: 223; Exell, A. W., 1953: 123. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Croat 20735 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco.


$


 Combretum aubletii DC.


Combretum aubletii DC. = Combretum rotundifolium Rich.

Reference: FP 759: 226. 


$


 Combretum basslerianum Mildbrade


Combretum basslerianum Mildbrade = Combretum rotundifolium Rich.

Reference: FP 759: 223; Stace, pers. comm.. 


$


 Combretum cacoucia Exell



Combretum cacoucia Exell

Synonyms: Combretum cacoucia Aubl., Combretum cacoucia Baill.
Reference: Flora Peru: 759: 224. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Combretum fruticosum (Loefl.) Stuntz



Combretum fruticosum (Loefl.) Stuntz

Synonyms: Combretum fruticosum Don,G., Combretum fruticosum Eichler, Combretum fruticosum Jacq., Combretum fruticosum Loefl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 759: 224; Exell, A. W., 1953: 117. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 38081 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Combretum gracile Schott


Combretum gracile Schott = Thiloa gracilis (Schott) Eichler

Reference: Stace, pers. comm.. 


$


 Combretum jacquinii Griseb.


Combretum jacquinii Griseb. = Combretum laxum Jacq.

Reference: FP 759: 225; Exell, A. W., 1953: 127. 


$


 Combretum laurifolium Mart.



Combretum laurifolium Mart.

Reference: Stace, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 3638 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Combretum laxum Jacq.



Combretum laxum Jacq.

Synonyms: Combretum laxum Griseb., Combretum laxum Rich., Combretum laxum Rich., Combretum laxum Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don
Reference: Flora Peru: 759: 225; Exell, A. W., 1953: 126. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 2780 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Combretum llewelynii J.F. Macbr.



Combretum llewelynii J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 759: 225; Exell, A. W., 1953: 124. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Williams 143* (F), Gentry & Revilla 20928 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Combretum loeflingii Eichler


Combretum loeflingii Eichler = Combretum fruticosum (Loefl.) Stuntz

Reference: FP 759: 224; Exell, A. W., 1953: 117. 


$


 Combretum obtusifolium Rich.


Combretum obtusifolium Rich. = Combretum laxum Jacq.

Reference: FP 759: 225; Exell, A. W., 1953: 127. 


$


 Combretum odoratum Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don


Combretum odoratum Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don = Combretum laxum Jacq.

Reference: FP 759: 225; Exell, A. W., 1953: 127. 


$


 Combretum oxypetalum Don,G.


Combretum oxypetalum Don,G. = Combretum fruticosum (Loefl.) Stuntz

Reference: FP 759: 224; Exell, A. W., 1953: 117. 


$


 Combretum pavonii G. Don



Combretum pavonii G. Don

Reference: Stace, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native liana. Andean I, Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: D&iacute;az & V&aacute;squez 3055 (MO!)
Departments: Tumbes.


$


 Combretum puberum Rich.


Combretum puberum Rich. = Combretum laxum Jacq.

Reference: FP 759: 225; Exell, A. W., 1953: 126. 


$


 Combretum rotundifolium Rich.



Combretum rotundifolium Rich.

Synonyms: Combretum rotundifolium DC., Combretum rotundifolium Mildbrade
Reference: Flora Peru: 759: 226; Stace, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Tessman 3208* (G), Dodson & Torres 2987 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Combretum secundum Jacq.


Combretum secundum Jacq. = Combretum fruticosum (Loefl.) Stuntz

Reference: FP 759: 224. 


$


 Commelina alpestris Standl. & Steyerm.


Commelina alpestris Standl. & Steyerm. = Commelina elliptica Kunth

Reference: Faden, pers. comm.. 


$


 Commelina coelestis Willd.


Commelina coelestis Willd. = Commelina tuberosa L.

Reference: FP 1181: 602; Faden, pers. comm.. 


$


 Commelina communis L.



Commelina communis L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1181: 603; Faden, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Commelina diffusa Burm. f.



Commelina diffusa Burm. f.

Synonyms: Commelina diffusa Jacq., Commelina diffusa Ruiz & Pav.


$


 Commelina elegans Kunth


Commelina elegans Kunth = Commelina erecta L.

Reference: FP 1181: 603. 


$


 Commelina elliptica Kunth



Commelina elliptica Kunth

Synonyms: Commelina elliptica Standl. & Steyerm.
Reference: Faden, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Fern&aacute;ndez 3772 (US!)
Departments: Puno.


$


 Commelina erecta L.



Commelina erecta L.

Synonyms: Commelina erecta Kunth


$


 Commelina fasciculata Ruiz & Pav.



Commelina fasciculata Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Commelina fasciculata Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1181: 603. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II, Coastal: lomas, riversides, rocky slopes. 0-3500 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui 7604 (NY!)
Departments: Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Piura, Puno.


$


 Commelina gracilis Ruiz & Pav.


Commelina gracilis Ruiz & Pav. = Commelina diffusa Burm. f.

Reference: FP 1181: 604. 


$


 Commelina graminifolia Kunth


Commelina graminifolia Kunth = Commelina tuberosa L.

Reference: FP 1181: 604; Faden, pers. comm.. 


$


 Commelina hexandra Aubl.


Commelina hexandra Aubl. = Dichorisandra hexandra (Aubl.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1181: 599. 


$


 Commelina hispida Ruiz & Pav.



Commelina hispida Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1181: 604. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II, Coastal: lomas, rocky slopes, swamps, terra firme forests. 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 5233 (NY!)
Departments: Arequipa, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Piura.


$


 Commelina jamesonii C.B. Clarke



Commelina jamesonii C.B. Clarke

Reference: Flora Peru: 1181: 604. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 22824 (NY!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho.


$


 Commelina longicaulis Jacq.


Commelina longicaulis Jacq. = Commelina diffusa Burm. f.

Reference: FP 1181: 604. 


$


 Commelina mathewsii (C.B. Clarke) Faden & D. R. Hunt



Commelina mathewsii (C.B. Clarke) Faden & D. R. Hunt

Synonyms: Commelina mathewsii (C. B. Clarke) Kuntze, Commelina mathewsii C.B. Clarke
Reference: Faden, R. B. & D. R. Hunt, 1987: 122. 
Ecology: Native herb. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Mathews 148* (K)


$


 Commelina monticola Seubert



Commelina monticola Seubert

Reference: Flora Peru: 1181: 605; Faden, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Commelina nervosa Ruiz & Pav.


Commelina nervosa Ruiz & Pav. = Commelina fasciculata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1181: 603. 


$


 Commelina obliqua Vahl



Commelina obliqua Vahl

Synonyms: Commelina obliqua (Seub.) C.B. Clarke, Commelina obliqua Kunth


$


 Commelina persicariifolia Del.


Commelina persicariifolia Del. = Commelina rufipes var. glabrata (D.R. Hunt) Faden & D.R. Hunt

Reference: FP 1181: 606. 


$


 Commelina robusta Kunth


Commelina robusta Kunth = Commelina obliqua Vahl

$


 Commelina rufipes Seub. in Mart.



Commelina rufipes Seub. in Mart.

$


 Commelina rufipes Seub. in Mart. var.rufipes



Commelina rufipes Seub. in Mart. var. rufipes 

Synonyms: Commelina rufipes rufipes (Seub. in Mart.) Standl. &
Reference: Flora Peru: 1181: 606. 
Ecology. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 5103 (NY!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Commelina rufipes var.glabrata (D.R. Hunt) Faden & D.R. Hunt



Commelina rufipes var. glabrata (D.R. Hunt) Faden & D.R. Hunt

Synonyms: Commelina rufipes glabrata (Del.) Hemsl., Commelina rufipes glabrata D.R. Hunt, Commelina rufipes glabrata Del.


$


 Commelina serrulata Vahl


Commelina serrulata Vahl = Tripogandra serrulata (Vahl) Handlos

Reference: Handlos, W., 1975: 301. 


$


 Commelina tuberosa L.



Commelina tuberosa L.

Synonyms: Commelina tuberosa Kunth, Commelina tuberosa Willd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1181: 605. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Mostacero et al. 1831 (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima.


$


 Commelina zanonia L.


Commelina zanonia L. = Tradescantia zanonia (L.) Sw.

Reference: FP 1181: 594. 


$


 Commelinopsis glabrata D.R. Hunt


Commelinopsis glabrata D.R. Hunt = Commelina rufipes var. glabrata (D.R. Hunt) Faden & D.R. Hunt

$


 Commicarpus scandens (L.) Standl.



Commicarpus scandens (L.) Standl.

Synonyms: Commicarpus scandens L.
Reference: Meikle, R. D., 1978: 245. 
Note: Not reconfirmed. No specimens cited by Meikle (1978).  


$


 Commicarpus tuberosus (Lam.) Standl.



Commicarpus tuberosus (Lam.) Standl.

Synonyms: Commicarpus tuberosus Kunth, Commicarpus tuberosus Lam., Commicarpus tuberosus Willd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1258: 539. 
Ecology. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry 19153 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lambayeque, La Libertad, Lima, Piura.


$


 Comolia hoehnei Cogn.


Comolia hoehnei Cogn. = Sandemania hoehnei (Cogn.) Wurdack

Reference: Renner, S. S., 1987: 441. 


$


 Comolia pentamera Ule


Comolia pentamera Ule = Tibouchina pentamera (Ule) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 761: 290. 


$


 Comomyrsine schlimii Hook. f.


Comomyrsine schlimii Hook. f. = Cybianthus schlimii (Hook. f.) G. Agostini

Reference: Agostini, G., 1980: 165. 


$


 Comostemum montevidense (Link) Nees


Comostemum montevidense (Link) Nees = Androtrichum trigynum (Spreng.) H. Pfeiff.

Reference: FP 735: 264; Pederson, T. M., 1968: 370. 
Note: NN  


$


 Comparettia coccinea Lindl.



Comparettia coccinea Lindl.

Synonyms: Comparettia coccinea Schltr.
Reference: Bock, I., 1986: 255. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I-II: forests. 1000-2000 m. 
Note: Not determined to variety. 
Voucher: Pastorelli illus.  
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Comparettia coccinea var.longicalcarata Hashimoto



Comparettia coccinea var. longicalcarata Hashimoto

Reference: Hashimoto, T., 1986: 4. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I: forests. 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Nakata 522* (TNS)
Departments: Pasco.


$


 Comparettia falcata Poepp. & Endl.



Comparettia falcata Poepp. & Endl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 781; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I-II: forests. 1000-2000 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 1646* , Knapp & Alcorn 7540 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Comparettia peruviana Schltr.


Comparettia peruviana Schltr. = Comparettia coccinea Lindl.

Reference: FP 1473: 781; Bock, I., 1986: 256. 


$


 Comparettia saccata Poepp. & Endl.


Comparettia saccata Poepp. & Endl. = Scelochilus saccatus (Poepp. & Endl.) Rchb. f.

Reference: FP 1473: 780; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx. 


$


 Comparettia speciosa Rchb. f.



Comparettia speciosa Rchb. f.

Reference: Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I: forests. 1000-2000 m. 
Voucher: Pastorelli illus.  


$


 Complaya trilobata (L.) Strother



Complaya trilobata (L.) Strother

Synonyms: Complaya trilobata (L.) Hitchc., Complaya trilobata L.
Reference: Strother, J. L., 1991: 14. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: D&iacute;az et al. 584 (F)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Ucayali.


$


 Compsoneura capitellata (A. DC.) Warb.



Compsoneura capitellata (A. DC.) Warb.

Synonyms: Compsoneura capitellata A. DC., Compsoneura capitellata Markgr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1279: 767. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests on white sand. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 1971* (B), V&aacute;squez et al. 5164 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Compsoneura sprucei (A. DC.) Warb.



Compsoneura sprucei (A. DC.) Warb.

Synonyms: Compsoneura sprucei A. DC.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1279: 768. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez et al. 6952 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Compsoneura tessmannii Markgr.


Compsoneura tessmannii Markgr. = Compsoneura capitellata (A. DC.) Warb.

Reference: FP 1279: 767. 


$


 Conami brasiliensis Aubl.


Conami brasiliensis Aubl. = Phyllanthus acuminatus Vahl

Reference: FP 674: 38. 


$


 Conanthus angustifolius (A. Gray) Heller


Conanthus angustifolius (A. Gray) Heller = Nama dichotomum (Ruiz & Pav.) Choisy

Reference: FP 1294: 105. 


$


 Conceveiba guianensis Aubl.



Conceveiba guianensis Aubl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 153. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 10761 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Ucayali.


$


 Conceveiba martiana Baill.



Conceveiba martiana Baill.

Synonyms: Conceveiba martiana (Baill.) M&uuml;ll. Arg., Conceveiba martiana (Baillon) Pax & K. Hoffm.
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 152; Webster, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 10367 (MO!)
Departments: Lima, Loreto.


$


 Conceveiba rhytidocarpa M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Conceveiba rhytidocarpa M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 153. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 2485* , V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 8517 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Ucayali.


$


 Conceveiba trigonocarpa M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Conceveiba trigonocarpa M&uuml;ll. Arg.

$


 Conceveibastrum martianum (Baillon) Pax & K. Hoffm.


Conceveibastrum martianum (Baillon) Pax & K. Hoffm. = Conceveiba martiana Baill.

Reference: FP 674: 152. 


$


 Conceveibum cordatum Juss.


Conceveibum cordatum Juss. = Aparisthmium cordatum (Juss.) Baill.

Reference: FP 674: 151. 


$


 Condalia lanceolata Ruiz & Pav.


Condalia lanceolata Ruiz & Pav. = Coccocypselum lanceolatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Reference: FP 1365: 82; Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 488. 


$


 Condalia obovata Ruiz & Pav.


Condalia obovata Ruiz & Pav. = Hoffmannia obovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl.

Reference: FP 1365: 93. 


$


 Condalia repens Ruiz & Pav.


Condalia repens Ruiz & Pav. = Coccocypselum condalia Pers.

Reference: FP 1365: 81; Standley, P. C., 1931: 283. 


$


 Condalia sessilis Ruiz & Pav.


Condalia sessilis Ruiz & Pav. = Hoffmannia aggregata (Ruiz & Pav.) Schum.

Reference: FP 1365: 92. 


$


 Condalia weberbaueri Perk.



Condalia weberbaueri Perk.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1299: 395; Johnston, M. C., 1962: 346. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: rocky slopes. 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 1724* (B, MOL), Gentry et al. 23326 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Condaminea angustifolia Rusby


Condaminea angustifolia Rusby = Condaminea corymbosa (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.

Reference: FP 1365: 56; Standley, P. C., 1931: 278. 


$


 Condaminea corymbosa (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.



Condaminea corymbosa (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.

Synonyms: Condaminea corymbosa Ruiz & Pav., Condaminea corymbosa Rusby, Condaminea corymbosa Spruce ex Schumann
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 55; Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 241. 
Ecology: Native shrub, treelet. Andean I-II: forests. 500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Killip & Smith 23506 (F)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Condaminea corymbosa var. pubescens Spruce ex Schumann


Condaminea corymbosa var. pubescens Spruce ex Schumann = Condaminea corymbosa (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.

Reference: FP 1365: 56; Standley, P. C., 1931: 278. 


$


 Condaminea glabrata DC.



Condaminea glabrata DC.

Synonyms: Condaminea glabrata Bartl. ex DC.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 56. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (G)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Condaminea macrophylla Poepp.



Condaminea macrophylla Poepp.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 56. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   Perhaps not a Condaminea. 
Voucher: Poeppig 2463* (W)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Condaminea microcarpa (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.



Condaminea microcarpa (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.

Synonyms: Condaminea microcarpa Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 56. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, treelet. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   Perhaps not a Condaminea. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Condaminea tinctoria (Kunth) DC.


Condaminea tinctoria (Kunth) DC. = Simira rubescens (Benth.) Bremek. ex Steyerm.

Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 350. 


$


 Condaminea venosa (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.



Condaminea venosa (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.

Synonyms: Condaminea venosa Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 57. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   Perhaps not a Condaminea. 
Voucher: Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Condylidium iresinoides (Kunth) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Condylidium iresinoides (Kunth) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Condylidium iresinoides Kunth
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 206, 498. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   King & Robinson (1987) list this taxon from Peru but no specimens have been seen at F or US.  The only specimen at MO is Klug 1629 from "Peru-Columbian border" labeled Eupatorium marginatum Poeppig; =E. iresinoides H.B.K. (by Robinson, 1933); C. iresinoides (H.B.K.) King & Robinson (by R. Liesner). 


$


 Condylocarpon pubiflorum M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Condylocarpon pubiflorum M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1343: 380; Fallen, M. E., 1983: 165. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Revilla 321 (MO)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Condylostylis venusta Piper


Condylostylis venusta Piper = Vigna latidenticulata (Harms) A. Delgado

Reference: Delgado, pers. comm.. 


$


 Conium arracacha Hook.


Conium arracacha Hook. = Arracacia xanthorrhiza Bancr.

Reference: FP 1293: 18; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 45. 


$


 Conium cicuta Neck.


Conium cicuta Neck. = Conium maculatum L.

Reference: FP 1293: 38. 


$


 Conium maculatum L.



Conium maculatum L.

Synonyms: Conium maculatum Crantz, Conium maculatum Crantz, Conium maculatum Krause, Conium maculatum Lam., Conium maculatum Neck., Conium maculatum Pall., Conium maculatum Roth, Conium maculatum Vest
Reference: Flora Peru: 1293: 38; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 61. 
Ecology: Introduced aquatic or terrestrial herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, emergent, floating. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Herrera 308 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Arequipa, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Puno.


$


 Conium maculosum Pall.


Conium maculosum Pall. = Conium maculatum L.

Reference: FP 1293: 38. 


$


 Connarus bracteoso-villosus Forero



Connarus bracteoso-villosus Forero

Reference: Forero, E., 1983: 82. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Schunke 2040* (F!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Connarus coriaceus Schellenberg



Connarus coriaceus Schellenberg

Reference: Forero, E., 1983: 83; Forero, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Connarus elsae Forero



Connarus elsae Forero

Reference: Forero, E., 1983: 87. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Plowman 6017* (F!), Klug 3855 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Connarus erianthus Bentham ex Baker



Connarus erianthus Bentham ex Baker

$


 Connarus erianthus var.erianthus



Connarus erianthus var. erianthus 

Reference: Forero, E., 1983: 50. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Croat 20754 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Ucayali.


$


 Connarus fasciculatus (DC.) Planch.



Connarus fasciculatus (DC.) Planch.

$


 Connarus fasciculatus subsp.pachyneurus (Radlk.) Forero



Connarus fasciculatus subsp. pachyneurus (Radlk.) Forero

Synonyms: Connarus fasciculatus pachyneurus Radlk., Connarus fasciculatus pachyneurus Standl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 640: 1124; Forero, E., 1983: 54. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Croat 18718 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Connarus klugii Standl.


Connarus klugii Standl. = Connarus fasciculatus subsp. pachyneurus (Radlk.) Forero

Reference: FP 640: 1124; Forero, E., 1983: 54. 


$


 Connarus macrophyllus Poepp.


Connarus macrophyllus Poepp. = Pseudoconnarus macrophyllus (Poepp.) Radlk.

Reference: Forero, E., 1983: 133. 


$


 Connarus martii Schellenberg



Connarus martii Schellenberg

Reference: Flora Peru: 640: 1124; Forero, E., 1983: 107. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Specimens cited in the Flora of Peru are redetermined by Forero (1983: 105) as C. punctatus.  


$


 Connarus pachyneurus Radlk.


Connarus pachyneurus Radlk. = Connarus fasciculatus subsp. pachyneurus (Radlk.) Forero

Reference: FP 640: 1124; Forero, E., 1983: 54. 


$


 Connarus patrisii (DC.) Planch.



Connarus patrisii (DC.) Planch.

Synonyms: Connarus patrisii DC.
Reference: Flora Peru: 640: 1124; Forero, E., 1983: 88. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Specimens cited in the Flora of Peru are redetermined by Forero (1983: 87, 105) as C. elsae and C. punctatus. 


$


 Connarus punctatus Planch.



Connarus punctatus Planch.

Reference: Forero, E., 1983: 105. 
Ecology: Native shrub, vine. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 2366 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Connarus ruber (Poepp.) Planch.



Connarus ruber (Poepp.) Planch.

$


 Connarus ruber var.sprucei (Baker) Forero



Connarus ruber var. sprucei (Baker) Forero

Synonyms: Connarus ruber sprucei Baker
Reference: Flora Peru: 640: 1125; Forero, E., 1983: 116. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Croat 20017 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Connarus sprucei Baker


Connarus sprucei Baker = Connarus ruber var. sprucei (Baker) Forero

Reference: FP 640: 1125; Forero, E., 1983: 116. 


$


 Connarus wurdackii Prance



Connarus wurdackii Prance

Reference: Forero, E., 1983: 75. 
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Wurdack 2383* (NY!), D&iacute;az et al. 1104 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto.


$


 Conobea alata Graham


Conobea alata Graham = Leucocarpus perfoliatus (Kunth) Benth.

Reference: FP 1361: 680. 


$


 Conobea scoparioides (Cham. & Schltdl.) Benth.



Conobea scoparioides (Cham. & Schltdl.) Benth.

Synonyms: Conobea scoparioides Cham. & Schltdl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 667. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Rimachi 8396 (USM!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Conobea verticillaris Spreng.


Conobea verticillaris Spreng. = Stemodia durantifolia (L.) Sw.

Reference: FP 1361: 708. 


$


 Conocarpus erecta L.



Conocarpus erecta L.

Reference: Stace, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native tree. Coastal: mangrove. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Simpson & Schunke 606 (G)
Departments: Tumbes.


$


 Conocarpus racemosa L.


Conocarpus racemosa L. = Laguncularia racemosa (L.) Gaertn.

Reference: FP 759: 222. 


$


 Conohoria flavescens Aubl.


Conohoria flavescens Aubl. = Rinorea flavescens (Aubl.) Kuntze

Reference: FP 729: 59; Baehni, C. & R. Weibel, 1941: 193; Hekking, W. H. A., 1988: 117. 


$


 Conohoria passoura DC. ex Gingins, nom. illeg.


Conohoria passoura DC. ex Gingins, nom. illeg. = Rinorea pubiflora fo. pubiflora 

Reference: FP 729: 61; Baehni, C. & R. Weibel, 1941: 195; Hekking, W. H. A., 1988: 103. 


$


 Conomorpha abdita (J. F. Macbride) J.F. Macbr.


Conomorpha abdita (J. F. Macbride) J.F. Macbr. = Geissanthus abditus J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 1335: 198. 


$


 Conomorpha discolor Mez



Conomorpha discolor Mez

Reference: Flora Peru: 1335: 199. 
Note: Status unknown.  Pipoly (pers. comm.) considers this species better placed under Geissanthus. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6316* (F)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Conomorpha dubia J.F. Macbr.


Conomorpha dubia J.F. Macbr. = Cybianthus nanayensis (J.F. Macbr.) G. Agostini

Reference: FP 1335: 199. 


$


 Conomorpha laeta Mez


Conomorpha laeta Mez = Cybianthus laetus (Mez) G. Agostini

Reference: FP 1335: 200. 


$


 Conomorpha loretensis Lundell


Conomorpha loretensis Lundell = Cybianthus nanayensis (J.F. Macbr.) G. Agostini

Reference: Pipoly III, J. J., 1981: 496. 


$


 Conomorpha magnoliifolia Mez


Conomorpha magnoliifolia Mez = Cybianthus fulvopulverulentus subsp. magnoliifolius (Mez) Pipoly

Reference: Pipoly III, J. J., 1983: 72. 


$


 Conomorpha myriantha Mansf.


Conomorpha myriantha Mansf. = Geissanthus myrianthus (Mansf.) G. Agostini

Reference: FP 1335: 200; Agostini, G., 1970: 403. 


$


 Conomorpha pastensis Mez


Conomorpha pastensis Mez = Cybianthus pastensis (Mez) G. Agostini

Reference: Mez, C., 1902: 252. 


$


 Conomorpha peruviana A. DC.


Conomorpha peruviana A. DC. = Cybianthus peruvianus (A. DC.) Miq.

Reference: FP 1335: 201. 


$


 Conomorpha preslii J.F. Macbr.


Conomorpha preslii J.F. Macbr. = Cybianthus pastensis (Mez) G. Agostini

Reference: FP 1335: 201. 


$


 Conomorpha pseudoicacorea (Miquel) Mez


Conomorpha pseudoicacorea (Miquel) Mez = Cybianthus pseudoicacoreus (Miquel in Martius) G. Agostini

Reference: Agostini, G., 1980: 155. 


$


 Conomorpha pyramidata Mez


Conomorpha pyramidata Mez = Geissanthus pyramidatus (Mez) G. Agostini

Reference: FP 1335: 202; Agostini, G., 1970: 403. 


$


 Conomorpha quercifolia Mez


Conomorpha quercifolia Mez = Cybianthus pastensis (Mez) G. Agostini

Reference: FP 1335: 202. 


$


 Conomorpha sodiroana Mez


Conomorpha sodiroana Mez = Geissanthus mezianus G. Agostini

Reference: Agostini, G., 1970: 403. 


$


 Conomorpha verticillata (C. Presl) Mez


Conomorpha verticillata (C. Presl) Mez = Cybianthus pastensis (Mez) G. Agostini

Reference: FP 1335: 201; Pipoly III, J. J., 1983: 239. 


$


 Conomorpha verticillata A. Zahlbruckner


Conomorpha verticillata A. Zahlbruckner = Cybianthus pastensis (Mez) G. Agostini

Reference: Pipoly III, J. J., 1983: 239. 


$


 Conomorpha weberbaueri Mez


Conomorpha weberbaueri Mez = Cybianthus peruvianus (A. DC.) Miq.

Reference: FP 1335: 203. 


$


 Conoria cuspa Kunth


Conoria cuspa Kunth = Aspidosperma cuspa (Kunth) S. F. Blake ex Pittier

Reference: FP 39695: 384; Hekking, W. H. A., 1988: 181. 
Note: NN  


$


 Conostegia attenuata Triana



Conostegia attenuata Triana

Synonyms: Conostegia attenuata J. F. Macbr
Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 340; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 105. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Note: Sterile specimen 
Voucher: Encarnaci&oacute;n E-998 (USM!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Conostegia attenuata var. peruviana J. F. Macbr


Conostegia attenuata var. peruviana J. F. Macbr = Conostegia attenuata Triana

Reference: FP 761: 341; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 105. 


$


 Conostegia cucullata D. Don


Conostegia cucullata D. Don = Graffenrieda cucullata (Pav. ex D. Don) L.O. Williams

Reference: FP 761: 325; Williams, L. O., 1963: 563. 


$


 Conostegia inusitata Wurdack



Conostegia inusitata Wurdack

Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1968: 170. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I: forests. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison 6057* (US!), Foster 10920 (F, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Conostegia poeppigii Cogn.


Conostegia poeppigii Cogn. = Conostegia superba D. Don ex Naudin

Reference: FP 761: 341; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 108. 


$


 Conostegia superba D. Don ex Naudin



Conostegia superba D. Don ex Naudin

Synonyms: Conostegia superba Cogn.
Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 108. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Madison 10066 (US!), Madison 10066 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Convolvulus aculeatus L.


Convolvulus aculeatus L. = Ipomoea alba L.

Reference: FP 1344: 485; Austin, D. F., 1982: 35; Austin, D. F., 1985: 29. 


$


 Convolvulus agrestis Mart. ex Choisy in A. DC.


Convolvulus agrestis Mart. ex Choisy in A. DC. = Jacquemontia agrestis (Mart. ex Choisy in A. DC.) Meisn.

$


 Convolvulus alatus Ham.


Convolvulus alatus Ham. = Operculina hamiltonii (G. Don) D.F. Austin & Staples

Reference: Austin, D. F., 1983: 487. 


$


 Convolvulus alsinoides L.


Convolvulus alsinoides L. = Evolvulus alsinoides (L.) L.

Reference: FP 1344: 460. 


$


 Convolvulus apocynoides Schltdl. & Cham.


Convolvulus apocynoides Schltdl. & Cham. = Jacquemontia sphaerostigma (Cav.) Rusby

Reference: FP 1344: 516. 


$


 Convolvulus aristolochiifolius Kunth


Convolvulus aristolochiifolius Kunth = Ipomoea aristolochiifolia (Kunth) Don

Reference: Austin, D. F., 1982: 38; Austin, D. F., 1985: 29. 


$


 Convolvulus arvensis L.



Convolvulus arvensis L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1344: 522. 
Ecology: Introduced vine. Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 116 (F)
Departments: Lima, Puno.


$


 Convolvulus asarifolius Desr. in Lam.


Convolvulus asarifolius Desr. in Lam. = Ipomoea asarifolia (Desr. in Lam.) Roem. & Schult.

Reference: FP 1344: 487; Austin, D. F., 1982: 39; Austin, D. F., 1985: 30. 


$


 Convolvulus azurens Rich.


Convolvulus azurens Rich. = Jacquemontia pentantha (Jacq.) Don

Reference: FP 1344: 519. 


$


 Convolvulus batatas L.


Convolvulus batatas L. = Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.

Reference: FP 1344: 487. 


$


 Convolvulus cairicus L.


Convolvulus cairicus L. = Ipomoea cairica (L.) Sweet

Reference: Austin, D. F., 1982: 42; Austin, D. F., Z. Huam&aacute;n & F. de la Puente, 1986: 92. 


$


 Convolvulus ciliatus Vahl


Convolvulus ciliatus Vahl = Jacquemontia tamnifolia (L.) Griseb.

Reference: FP 1344: 520. 


$


 Convolvulus cissoides Lam.


Convolvulus cissoides Lam. = Merremia cissoides (Lam.) Hallier f.

Reference: FP 1344: 489. 


$


 Convolvulus corymbosus L.


Convolvulus corymbosus L. = Turbina corymbosa (L.) Raf.

Reference: FP 1344: 476; Austin, D. F. & G. W. Staples, 1991: 273. 


$


 Convolvulus crenatifolius Ruiz & Pav.



Convolvulus crenatifolius Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Convolvulus crenatifolius Hallier f.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1344: 523. 
Ecology. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), N&uacute;&ntilde;ez 7273 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Moquegua.


$


 Convolvulus crenatifolius var. peruvianus Hallier f.


Convolvulus crenatifolius var. peruvianus Hallier f. = Convolvulus crenatifolius Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1344: 523. 


$


 Convolvulus crenatus Jacq.


Convolvulus crenatus Jacq. = Convolvulus hermanniae L'Heritier

Reference: Macbride, J. F., 1959: 523. 


$


 Convolvulus cymosus Ruiz & Pav.


Convolvulus cymosus Ruiz & Pav. = Ipomoea ramosissima (Poir.) Choisy

Reference: FP 1344: 505. 


$


 Convolvulus dissectus Jacq.


Convolvulus dissectus Jacq. = Merremia tuberosa (L.) Rendle

Reference: FP 1344: 509; Austin, D. F., 1979: 219. 
Note: NN  


$


 Convolvulus dumetorum Kunth


Convolvulus dumetorum Kunth = Ipomoea dumetorum Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.

Reference: Austin, D. F., 1982: 48; Austin, D. F., 1985: 32. 


$


 Convolvulus floribundus Kunth


Convolvulus floribundus Kunth = Jacquemontia floribunda (Kunth) Hallier f.

Reference: FP 1344: 515; Austin, D. F., 1982: 77. 


$


 Convolvulus glaber Aubl.


Convolvulus glaber Aubl. = Merremia macrocalyx (Ruiz & Pav.) O'Donell

Reference: Austin, D. F., 1982: 86. 


$


 Convolvulus hederaceus L.


Convolvulus hederaceus L. = Ipomoea nil (L.) Roth

Reference: FP 1344: 497. 


$


 Convolvulus hermanniae L'Heritier



Convolvulus hermanniae L'Heritier

Synonyms: Convolvulus hermanniae (L'Heritier) G. Don, Convolvulus hermanniae Jacq.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1344: 523. 
Ecology: Native vine. Andean I-II, Coastal: rocky slopes, shrublands. 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 291 (F)
Departments: Cuzco, Lima.


$


 Convolvulus incarnatus Vahl


Convolvulus incarnatus Vahl = Ipomoea incarnata (Vahl) Choisy in A. DC.

Reference: FP 1344: 493; Austin, D. F., 1982: 52; Austin, D. F., 1985: 32. 


$


 Convolvulus incisus Choisy



Convolvulus incisus Choisy

$


 Convolvulus indicus Burm.


Convolvulus indicus Burm. = Ipomoea indica (Burm.) Merr.

Reference: Austin, D. F., 1982: 52; Austin, D. F., 1985: 32. 


$


 Convolvulus laciniatus Desr.



Convolvulus laciniatus Desr.

Synonyms: Convolvulus laciniatus Ooststr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1344: 524. 
Ecology. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: N&uacute;&ntilde;ez 7611 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Tacna.


$


 Convolvulus macrocalyx Ruiz & Pav.


Convolvulus macrocalyx Ruiz & Pav. = Merremia macrocalyx (Ruiz & Pav.) O'Donell

Reference: Austin, D. F., 1982: 86. 


$


 Convolvulus martinicensis Jacq.


Convolvulus martinicensis Jacq. = Aniseia martinicensis (Jacq.) Choisy

Reference: FP 1344: 509; Austin, D. F., 1982: 5. 


$


 Convolvulus meyeri Spreng.


Convolvulus meyeri Spreng. = Ipomoea meyeri (Spreng.) Don

Reference: Austin, D. F., Z. Huam&aacute;n & F. de la Puente, 1986: 92. 


$


 Convolvulus montanus Ooststr.


Convolvulus montanus Ooststr. = Convolvulus laciniatus Desr.

Reference: FP 1344: 524. 


$


 Convolvulus nil L.


Convolvulus nil L. = Ipomoea nil (L.) Roth

Reference: FP 1344: 496. 


$


 Convolvulus nodiflorus Desr. in Lam.



Convolvulus nodiflorus Desr. in Lam.

Synonyms: Convolvulus nodiflorus (Desr. in Lam.) Don, Convolvulus nodiflorus (L.) Urb.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1344: 518; Austin, D. F., 1982: 8. 
Ecology: Native subshrub, vine. Coastal: riversides. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6429 (F)
Departments: Piura, Tumbes.


$


 Convolvulus nummularius L.


Convolvulus nummularius L. = Evolvulus nummularius (L.) L.

Reference: FP 1344: 464. 


$


 Convolvulus paniculatus Burman f.


Convolvulus paniculatus Burman f. = Ipomoea digitata L.

Reference: FP 1344: 492. 


$


 Convolvulus pauciflorus Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.


Convolvulus pauciflorus Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. = Ipomoea tricolor Cav.

Reference: FP 1344: 508. 


$


 Convolvulus pennatus Desr. in Lam.


Convolvulus pennatus Desr. in Lam. = Ipomoea quamoclit L.

Reference: FP 1344: 504. 


$


 Convolvulus pentanthus Jacq.


Convolvulus pentanthus Jacq. = Jacquemontia pentantha (Jacq.) Don

Reference: FP 1344: 518. 


$


 Convolvulus pentaphyllus L.


Convolvulus pentaphyllus L. = Merremia aegyptia (L.) Urb.

Reference: FP 1344: 485; Austin, D. F., 1982: 85. 


$



$


 Convolvulus pes-caprae L.


Convolvulus pes-caprae L. = Ipomoea pes-caprae (L.) Sweet

Reference: FP 1344: 499; Austin, D. F., 1982: 57; Austin, D. F., 1985: 34. 


$


 Convolvulus phillomega Vell.


Convolvulus phillomega Vell. = Ipomoea phyllomega (Vell.) House

Reference: FP 1344: 499. 


$


 Convolvulus pubescens (Lam.) Willd.


Convolvulus pubescens (Lam.) Willd. = Ipomoea pubescens Lam.

Reference: FP 1344: 502. 


$


 Convolvulus purpureus L.


Convolvulus purpureus L. = Ipomoea purpurea (L.) Roth

Reference: FP 1344: 503. 


$


 Convolvulus quinquefolius (L.) L.


Convolvulus quinquefolius (L.) L. = Merremia quinquefolia (L.) Hallier f.

Reference: Austin, D. F., 1982: 86. 


$


 Convolvulus ramosissimus Poir.


Convolvulus ramosissimus Poir. = Ipomoea ramosissima (Poir.) Choisy

Reference: FP 1344: 505. 


$


 Convolvulus ruber Vahl


Convolvulus ruber Vahl = Ipomoea setifera Poir. in Lam.

Reference: FP 1344: 506. 


$


 Convolvulus secundus Ruiz & Pav.


Convolvulus secundus Ruiz & Pav. = Jacquemontia unilateralis (Roemer & Schultes) O'Donell

Reference: FP 1344: 521. 


$


 Convolvulus sepium L.


Convolvulus sepium L. = Calystegia sepium (L.) R. Br.

Reference: FP 1344: 525. 


$


 Convolvulus sidaefolius Kunth


Convolvulus sidaefolius Kunth = Turbina corymbosa (L.) Raf.

Reference: FP 1344: 476; Austin, D. F. & G. W. Staples, 1991: 273. 


$


 Convolvulus sphaerostigma Cav.


Convolvulus sphaerostigma Cav. = Jacquemontia sphaerostigma (Cav.) Rusby

Reference: Austin, D. F., 1982: 79. 


$


 Convolvulus tamnifolius (L.) G. Meyer


Convolvulus tamnifolius (L.) G. Meyer = Jacquemontia tamnifolia (L.) Griseb.

Reference: FP 1344: 520. 


$


 Convolvulus tiliaceus Willd.


Convolvulus tiliaceus Willd. = Ipomoea tiliacea (Willd.) Choisy in A. DC.

Reference: FP 1344: 507. 


$



$


 Convolvulus triqueter Vahl


Convolvulus triqueter Vahl = Operculina triquetra (M. Vahl) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 1344: 480. 
Note: NN  


$


 Convolvulus umbellatus L.


Convolvulus umbellatus L. = Merremia umbellata (L.) Hallier f.

Reference: Austin, D. F., 1982: 88. 


$


 Convolvulus uniflorus Burman f.


Convolvulus uniflorus Burman f. = Aniseia martinicensis (Jacq.) Choisy

Reference: FP 1344: 509; Austin, D. F., 1982: 5. 


$


 Convolvulus unilateralis Roem. & Schult.


Convolvulus unilateralis Roem. & Schult. = Jacquemontia unilateralis (Roemer & Schultes) O'Donell

Reference: FP 1344: 521. 


$


 Convolvulus violaceus Vahl


Convolvulus violaceus Vahl = Jacquemontia pentantha (Jacq.) Don

Reference: FP 1344: 519. 


$


 Conyza albida Willd. ex Spreng.


Conyza albida Willd. ex Spreng. = Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronquist

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1969: 223. 


$


 Conyza alopecuroides Lam.


Conyza alopecuroides Lam. = Pterocaulon alopecuroides (Lam.) DC.

Reference: FP 27926: 62; Cuatrecasas, J., 1969: 223. 


$


 Conyza ambigua DC.


Conyza ambigua DC. = Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronquist

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1969: 223. 


$


 Conyza apurensis Kunth



Conyza apurensis Kunth

Synonyms: Conyza apurensis Cronquist, Conyza apurensis Jacq., Conyza apurensis M. Vahl
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1969: 221. 
Voucher: Seidenschwarz 231 (F)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Conyza arborescens L.


Conyza arborescens L. = Vernonia arborescens (L.) Sw.

Reference: Robinson, H., 1990: 481. 


$


 Conyza artemisiifolia Meyen & Walp.



Conyza artemisiifolia Meyen & Walp.

$


 Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronquist



Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronquist

Synonyms: Conyza bonariensis (L.) Small, Conyza bonariensis (L.) V.M. Badillo, Conyza bonariensis DC., Conyza bonariensis Kunth, Conyza bonariensis L., Conyza bonariensis Willd., Conyza bonariensis Willd. ex Spreng.
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1969: 223. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-III, Coastal: disturbed areas, riversides, rocky slopes. 0-4000 m. 
Voucher: Stork & Horton 10707 (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Arequipa, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Conyza buxifolia Lam.


Conyza buxifolia Lam. = Baccharis buxifolia (Lam.) Pers.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 73. 


$


 Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronquist



Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronquist

Synonyms: Conyza canadensis (L.) Britt. & Brown, Conyza canadensis (L.) V.M. Badillo, Conyza canadensis L.
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1969: 222. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, riversides. 0-3500 m. 
Voucher: Croat 57667 (F!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Conyza cardaminifolia Kunth



Conyza cardaminifolia Kunth

Synonyms: Conyza cardaminifolia (Kunth) Wedd., Conyza cardaminifolia Turcz., Conyza cardaminifolia Wedd.
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1969: 211. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Conyza chilensis Spreng.


Conyza chilensis Spreng. = Conyza primulaefolia (Lam.) Cuatrec. & Lourteig

Reference: Hieronymus, G., 1901: 587; Lourteig, A. & J. Cuatrecasas, 1985: 475. 


$


 Conyza chingoyo Kunth


Conyza chingoyo Kunth = Pluchea chingoyo (Kunth) DC.

Reference: FP 27926: 59. 


$


 Conyza deserticola Phil.



Conyza deserticola Phil.

$


 Conyza evacioides Rusby


Conyza evacioides Rusby = Laennecia gnaphalioides (Kunth) Cass.

Reference: Zardini, E. M., 1981: 162. 


$


 Conyza filaginoides (DC.) Hieron.


Conyza filaginoides (DC.) Hieron. = Laennecia filaginoides DC.

Reference: Blake, S. F., 1917: 30; Zardini, E. M., 1981: 166. 


$


 Conyza floribunda Kunth


Conyza floribunda Kunth = Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronquist

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1969: 223. 


$


 Conyza genistelloides Lam.


Conyza genistelloides Lam. = Baccharis genistelloides (Lam.) Pers.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 85. 


$


 Conyza gnaphalioides Kunth


Conyza gnaphalioides Kunth = Laennecia gnaphalioides (Kunth) Cass.

Reference: Blake, S. F., 1917: 29; Cuatrecasas, J., 1969: 207; Zardini, E. M., 1981: 161. 


$


 Conyza kunthiana DC.


Conyza kunthiana DC. = Lucilia kunthiana (DC.) Zardini

Reference: FP 27926: 51. 


$


 Conyza linifolia Willd.


Conyza linifolia Willd. = Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronquist

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1969: 223. 


$


 Conyza lyrata Kunth


Conyza lyrata Kunth = Blumea viscosa (Mill.) V.M. Badillo

Reference: FP 27926: 20. 


$


 Conyza pedunculata Mill.


Conyza pedunculata Mill. = Baccharis pedunculata (Mill.) Cabrera

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 48. 


$


 Conyza primulaefolia (Lam.) Cuatrec. & Lourteig



Conyza primulaefolia (Lam.) Cuatrec. & Lourteig

Synonyms: Conyza primulaefolia Lam., Conyza primulaefolia Spreng.
Reference: Lourteig, A. & J. Cuatrecasas, 1985: 475. 
Ecology. 500-3000 m. 
Voucher: wd  
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Conyza pusilla Kunth


Conyza pusilla Kunth = Lucilia kunthiana (DC.) Zardini

Reference: FP 27926: 52. 


$


 Conyza scorpioides Lam.


Conyza scorpioides Lam. = Vernonia scorpioides (Lam.) Pers.

Reference: FP 1416: 38. 


$


 Conyza subspathulata Cronquist


Conyza subspathulata Cronquist = Conyza apurensis Kunth

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1969: 221. 


$


 Conyza thuyoides Lam.


Conyza thuyoides Lam. = Loricaria thuyoides (Lam.) Sch. Bip. var. thuyoides 

Reference: FP 27926: 48. 


$


 Conyza trinervis Lam.


Conyza trinervis Lam. = Baccharis trinervis (Lam.) Pers.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 49. 


$


 Conyza tunariensis (Kuntze) Zardini



Conyza tunariensis (Kuntze) Zardini

Synonyms: Conyza tunariensis Kuntze
Reference: Zardini, E. M., 1976: 45. 
Ecology. 1000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 1226 (F)
Departments: Cuzco, La Libertad, Pasco.


$


 Conyza viscosa Mill.


Conyza viscosa Mill. = Blumea viscosa (Mill.) V.M. Badillo

Reference: FP 27926: 20. 


$


 Cooperia albicans (Herbert) Sprague


Cooperia albicans (Herbert) Sprague = Zephyranthes albicans (Herbert) Baker

Reference: FP 1190: 669; Meerow, A. W., 1990: 5. 


$


 Copaiba paupera Herzog


Copaiba paupera Herzog = Copaifera paupera (Herzog) Dwyer

Reference: Dwyer, J. D., 1951: 169. 


$


 Copaifera paupera (Herzog) Dwyer



Copaifera paupera (Herzog) Dwyer

Synonyms: Copaifera paupera Herzog, Copaifera paupera J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Dwyer, J. D., 1951: 169. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Begazo 104 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.


$


 Copaifera reticulata Ducke



Copaifera reticulata Ducke

$


 Copaifera reticulata var. peruviana J.F. Macbr.


Copaifera reticulata var. peruviana J.F. Macbr. = Copaifera paupera (Herzog) Dwyer

Reference: FP 21: 120; Dwyer, J. D., 1951: 169. 


$


 Corchorus acutangulus Lam.


Corchorus acutangulus Lam. = Corchorus aestuans L.

Reference: FP 1301: 416. 


$


 Corchorus aestuans L.



Corchorus aestuans L.

Synonyms: Corchorus aestuans Lam.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1301: 416; Mart&iacute;nez, M., 1981: 41. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Corchorus hirtus L.



Corchorus hirtus L.

Synonyms: Corchorus hirtus (Kunth) Schumann, Corchorus hirtus Kunth, Corchorus hirtus Kunth, Corchorus hirtus Link
Reference: Flora Peru: 1301: 416; Mart&iacute;nez, M., 1981: 52; Bornstein, A., 1989: 191. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I, Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Goodspeed 17360 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Ayacucho, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Piura, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes, Ucayali.


$


 Corchorus hirtus var. orinocensis (Kunth) Schumann


Corchorus hirtus var. orinocensis (Kunth) Schumann = Corchorus hirtus L.

Reference: FP 1301: 416. 


$


 Corchorus mompoxensis Kunth


Corchorus mompoxensis Kunth = Corchorus hirtus L.

Reference: FP 1301: 416. 


$


 Corchorus orinocensis Kunth


Corchorus orinocensis Kunth = Corchorus hirtus L.

Reference: FP 1301: 416; Bornstein, A., 1989: 191; Mart&iacute;nez, M., 1981: 52. 


$


 Corchorus pilolobus Link


Corchorus pilolobus Link = Corchorus hirtus L.

Reference: FP 1301: 416. 


$



$


 Corchorus siliquosus L.



Corchorus siliquosus L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1301: 417; Mart&iacute;nez, M., 1981: 64. 
Ecology: Introduced subshrub. Andean I: seasonally inundated areas. 500-1000 m. 
Note: Mart&iacute;nez (1981) cites no other specimens from the Amazon basin (anywhere in South America), so the Gentry specimen cited below may be from a recent introduction.  
Voucher: Gentry et al. 22801 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Cordanthera andina L.O. Williams


Cordanthera andina L.O. Williams = Stellilabium pogonostalix (Rchb. f.) Garay & Dunst.

Reference: FP 1510: 78. 
Note: NN  


$


 Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav.) Oken



Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav.) Oken

Synonyms: Cordia alliodora Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1285: 574; Miller, J. S., 1988: 465. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (B photo F!), V&aacute;squez et al. 7760 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cordia axillaris I.M. Johnst.



Cordia axillaris I.M. Johnst.

$


 Cordia axillaris I.M. Johnst. var.axillaris



Cordia axillaris I.M. Johnst. var. axillaris 

Synonyms: Cordia axillaris var. axillaris Cham.
Reference: Johnston, I. M., 1930: 35; Johnston, I. M., 1956: 292. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 4385 (GH)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Cordia bicolor A. DC.



Cordia bicolor A. DC.

Reference: Miller, J. S., 1988: 468. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Foster 12135 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cordia bifurcata Roem. & Schult.



Cordia bifurcata Roem. & Schult.

Synonyms: Cordia bifurcata Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1285: 575; Miller, J. S., 1988: 468. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (B-W microfiche MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Piura, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cordia buddleoides Rusby



Cordia buddleoides Rusby

Reference: Flora Peru: 1285: 577. 
Ecology: Native shrub, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & Revilla 16377 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Puno.


$


 Cordia chacoensis Chodat


Cordia chacoensis Chodat = Cordia curassavica (Jacq.) Roem. & Schult.

$


 Cordia chamissoniana Steud.



Cordia chamissoniana Steud.

Reference: Taroda, N. & P. Gibbs, 1987: 35. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 17257 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Cordia cicatricosa L.O. Williams



Cordia cicatricosa L.O. Williams

Reference: Williams, L. O., 1964: 21. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. .. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Ar&oacute;stegui 74* (F), Ar&oacute;stegui 86 (F)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Cordia collococca L.



Cordia collococca L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1285: 577; Miller, J. S., 1988: 470. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 2368 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Cordia corymbosa (L.) Don



Cordia corymbosa (L.) Don

Synonyms: Cordia corymbosa L.


$


 Cordia curassavica (Jacq.) Roem. & Schult.



Cordia curassavica (Jacq.) Roem. & Schult.

Synonyms: Cordia curassavica Chodat, Cordia curassavica Jacq.
Reference: Miller, J. S., 1988: 474. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & D&iacute;az 58280 (MO!)
Departments: Tumbes.


$


 Cordia cylindrostachya (Ruiz & Pav.) Roem. & Schult.



Cordia cylindrostachya (Ruiz & Pav.) Roem. & Schult.

Synonyms: Cordia cylindrostachya Jacq., Cordia cylindrostachya K. Krause, Cordia cylindrostachya Krause, Cordia cylindrostachya Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1285: 578. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: forests, rocky slopes, shrublands. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Sag&aacute;stegui & Leiva 14077 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco, Piura.


$


 Cordia cymosa (Donn. Sm.) Standl.



Cordia cymosa (Donn. Sm.) Standl.

Synonyms: Cordia cymosa Donn. Sm.
Reference: Miller, J. S., 1988: 477. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Croat 20819 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Cordia eriostigma Pittier



Cordia eriostigma Pittier

Reference: Miller, J. S., 1988: 480. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: D&iacute;az & V&aacute;squez 3076 (MO!)
Departments: Tumbes.


$


 Cordia ferruginea (Lam.) Roem. & Schult.


Cordia ferruginea (Lam.) Roem. & Schult. = Cordia spinescens L.

Reference: FP 1285: 588; Miller, J. S., 1988: 492. 


$


 Cordia glabra auct. non L.


Cordia glabra auct. non L. = Cordia collococca Sandmark ex L.

Reference: FP 1285: 577. 


$


 Cordia guayaquilensis A. DC.


Cordia guayaquilensis A. DC. = Cordia macrocephala (Desv.) Kunth

Reference: FP 1285: 583. 


$


 Cordia haenkeana Mez


Cordia haenkeana Mez = Cordia insignis Cham.

Reference: FP 1285: 580. 
Note: NN  


$


 Cordia hebeclada I.M. Johnst.



Cordia hebeclada I.M. Johnst.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1285: 578. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Revilla 1649 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes.


$


 Cordia heterophylla Poir.


Cordia heterophylla Poir. = Cordia toqueve Aubl.

Reference: FP 1285: 589. 


$


 Cordia hispidissima A. DC.


Cordia hispidissima A. DC. = Cordia nodosa Lam.

Reference: FP 1285: 585. 


$


 Cordia iguaguana Melch. ex I.M. Johnst.



Cordia iguaguana Melch. ex I.M. Johnst.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1285: 579. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6213* (B), Gentry et al. 37700 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cordia insignis Cham.



Cordia insignis Cham.

Synonyms: Cordia insignis Mez
Reference: Flora Peru: 1285: 580. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Cordia krausiana Killip



Cordia krausiana Killip

Synonyms: Cordia krausiana K. Krause
Reference: Flora Peru: 1285: 580. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 3161* (F), Hutchison & Ricardi 4994 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Lima.


$


 Cordia laevior I.M. Johnst.



Cordia laevior I.M. Johnst.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1285: 581. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Klug 2756* (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cordia lantanoides Spreng.



Cordia lantanoides Spreng.

Synonyms: Cordia lantanoides Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1285: 581. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, grasslands, shrublands. 1500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Sag&aacute;stegui A. 12326 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Cordia lippioides I.M. Johnst.



Cordia lippioides I.M. Johnst.

Reference: Johnston, I. M., 1956: 290. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean II: forests. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Cerrate 565* (GH)
Departments: Ancash.


$


 Cordia lomatoloba I.M. Johnst.



Cordia lomatoloba I.M. Johnst.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1285: 582. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests, riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 45757 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cordia lutea Lam.



Cordia lutea Lam.

Synonyms: Cordia lutea Drake, Cordia lutea Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1285: 582. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I, Coastal: disturbed areas, rocky slopes, shrublands. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: D&iacute;az & V&aacute;squez 3114 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lambayeque, Lima, Loreto, Piura, Tumbes.


$


 Cordia macrocephala (Desv.) Kunth



Cordia macrocephala (Desv.) Kunth

Synonyms: Cordia macrocephala A. DC., Cordia macrocephala Desv.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1285: 583. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I, Coastal: lomas, rocky slopes. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Dombey 984* (B photo F), Macbride & Featherstone 2556 (F)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Piura.


$


 Cordia macrodonta Killip



Cordia macrodonta Killip

Reference: Flora Peru: 1285: 583. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6015* (F), Hutchison & Wright 4435 (MO!)
Departments: Lambayeque, Piura.


$


 Cordia marchionica Drake


Cordia marchionica Drake = Cordia lutea Lam.

Reference: FP 1285: 582. 


$


 Cordia mexiana I.M. Johnst.



Cordia mexiana I.M. Johnst.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1285: 584. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests, swamps. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Mexia 6459* (MO!), Schunke 6923 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cordia mollissima Killip



Cordia mollissima Killip

Reference: Flora Peru: 1285: 584. 
Ecology: Native shrub, vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas. 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6202* (F), V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 3518 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cordia munda I.M. Johnst.



Cordia munda I.M. Johnst.

Reference: Johnston, I. M., 1956: 290. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: shrublands. 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Cerrate & Tovar 1294* (GH)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Cordia nodosa Lam.



Cordia nodosa Lam.

Synonyms: Cordia nodosa A. DC.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1285: 585. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, disturbed areas, riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez 4985 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Cordia patens Kunth



Cordia patens Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 1285: 585. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 2809 (MO!)
Departments: Ucayali.


$


 Cordia patens var. monocephala Cham.


Cordia patens var. monocephala Cham. = Cordia axillaris I.M. Johnst. var. axillaris 

Reference: Johnston, I. M., 1930: 35. 


$


 Cordia pauciflora K. Krause


Cordia pauciflora K. Krause = Cordia krausiana Killip

Reference: FP 1285: 580. 


$


 Cordia pauciflora Rusby


Cordia pauciflora Rusby = Cordia spinescens L.

Reference: FP 1285: 588. 


$


 Cordia peruviana Roem. & Schult.



Cordia peruviana Roem. & Schult.

Synonyms: Cordia peruviana (Roemer & Schultes) Borhidi, Cordia peruviana Kuntze, Cordia peruviana Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1285: 586. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas, lomas, rocky slopes. 500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Sag&aacute;stegui & Dillon 11290 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, Lima, Piura.


$


 Cordia poeppigii A. DC.



Cordia poeppigii A. DC.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1285: 586. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (B photo F), Knapp & Alcorn 7316 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cordia polyantha Benth.



Cordia polyantha Benth.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1285: 583. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I, Coastal: rocky slopes. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: D&iacute;az & Balde&oacute;n 2362 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lambayeque, La Libertad, Piura, Tumbes.


$


 Cordia pyrifolia Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.


Cordia pyrifolia Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. = Cordia spinescens L.

Reference: FP 1285: 588. 


$


 Cordia ripicola I.M. Johnst.



Cordia ripicola I.M. Johnst.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1285: 587. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 2262* (MO!), Stein & Todzia 2234 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cordia rotundifolia Ruiz & Pav.


Cordia rotundifolia Ruiz & Pav. = Cordia lutea Lam.

Reference: FP 1285: 582. 


$


 Cordia scaberrima Kunth



Cordia scaberrima Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 1285: 587. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Coastal: forests. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Humboldt s.n.* (B photo F)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Piura.


$


 Cordia scabrifolia A. DC.



Cordia scabrifolia A. DC.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1285: 588. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 4892 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cordia scandens Poir.


Cordia scandens Poir. = Dichapetalum rugosum (Vahl) Prance

Reference: FP 672: 956; Prance, G. T., 1972: 24; Prance, G. T., 1980: 5. 


$


 Cordia spinescens L.



Cordia spinescens L.

Synonyms: Cordia spinescens (Lam.) Roem. & Schult., Cordia spinescens DC., Cordia spinescens Lam., Cordia spinescens Rusby, Cordia spinescens Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1285: 588; Miller, J. S., 1988: 492. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez et al. 7773 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Arequipa, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cordia sprucei Mez



Cordia sprucei Mez

Synonyms: Cordia sprucei (Mez) Kuntze
Reference: Flora Peru: 1285: 589. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Kayap 934 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Cordia subserrata K. Krause


Cordia subserrata K. Krause = Cordia cylindrostachya (Ruiz & Pav.) Roem. & Schult.

Reference: FP 1285: 578. 


$


 Cordia tarmensis Krause


Cordia tarmensis Krause = Cordia cylindrostachya (Ruiz & Pav.) Roem. & Schult.

Reference: FP 1285: 578. 


$


 Cordia tetrandra Aubl.



Cordia tetrandra Aubl.

$


 Cordia thibaudiana DC.


Cordia thibaudiana DC. = Cordia spinescens L.

Reference: FP 1285: 588; Miller, J. S., 1988: 492. 


$


 Cordia toqueve Aubl.



Cordia toqueve Aubl.

Synonyms: Cordia toqueve Poir.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1285: 589. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 51264 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cordia trachyphylla C. Mart.



Cordia trachyphylla C. Mart.

$


 Cordia ucayaliensis (I.M. Johnst.) I.M. Johnst.



Cordia ucayaliensis (I.M. Johnst.) I.M. Johnst.

Synonyms: Cordia ucayaliensis I.M. Johnst.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1285: 590. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Tessmann 5457* (B), V&aacute;squez et al. 622 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.


$


 Cordia ulei I.M. Johnst.



Cordia ulei I.M. Johnst.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1285: 590. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 5770 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Cordia ulei var. ucayaliensis I.M. Johnst.


Cordia ulei var. ucayaliensis I.M. Johnst. = Cordia ucayaliensis (I.M. Johnst.) I.M. Johnst.

Reference: FP 1285: 590. 


$


 Cordia vargasii I.M. Johnst.



Cordia vargasii I.M. Johnst.

Reference: Johnston, I. M., 1956: 291. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: forests. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Vargas 9790* (GH), Herrera 3227 (GH)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Cordia varronifolia I.M. Johnst.



Cordia varronifolia I.M. Johnst.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1285: 591. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I: forests. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7138* (GH), Hutchison & Wright 6774 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Cordiera claviflora (K. Schum.) Kuntze


Cordiera claviflora (K. Schum.) Kuntze = Borojoa claviflora (K. Schum.) Cuatrec.

Reference: FP 1365: 112. 


$


 Cordiera curviflora (K. Schum.) Kuntze


Cordiera curviflora (K. Schum.) Kuntze = Alibertia curviflora K. Schum.

Reference: FP 1365: 112. 


$


 Cordiera edulis (Rich.) Kuntze


Cordiera edulis (Rich.) Kuntze = Alibertia edulis (Rich.) A. Rich. ex DC.

Reference: FP 1365: 112. 


$


 Cordiera latifolia Benth.


Cordiera latifolia Benth. = Alibertia latifolia (Benth.) Schum.

Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 732. 


$


 Cordiera triflora A. Rich.


Cordiera triflora A. Rich. = Alibertia triflora (A. Rich.) Schumann

Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1965: 226. 


$


 Coreopsis baccata L.f.


Coreopsis baccata L.f. = Wulffia baccata (L.f.) Kuntze

$


 Coreopsis breviligulata Sagast. & Sanchez



Coreopsis breviligulata Sagast. & Sanchez

Reference: Sag&aacute;stegui-Alva, A. & Sanchez V., 1981: 223. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: S&aacute;nchez 1130* (HUT)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Coreopsis capillacea Kunth



Coreopsis capillacea Kunth

$


 Coreopsis celendinensis Sagast. & Sanchez



Coreopsis celendinensis Sagast. & Sanchez

Reference: Sag&aacute;stegui-Alva, A. & S&aacute;nchez V. , 1971: 337. 
Ecology. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: S&aacute;nchez s.n. [in 1970]* (HUT, LP), Sag&aacute;stegui 8474 (NY)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Coreopsis connata Cabrera



Coreopsis connata Cabrera

Reference: Cabrera, A. L., 1962: 27. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: L&oacute;pez & Sag&aacute;stegui 3124* (HUT, LP), Dillon & Turner 1685 (F!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Coreopsis fasciculata var.fasciculata



Coreopsis fasciculata var. fasciculata 

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1936: 339. 
Ecology: Native subshrub. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 2000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Gay s.n.* (P), Ferreyra 8337 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Coreopsis fasciculata var.laevigata Sherff



Coreopsis fasciculata var. laevigata Sherff

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1936: 340. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. . 
Voucher: Herrera 111* (B)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Coreopsis fasciculata Wedd.



Coreopsis fasciculata Wedd.

$


 Coreopsis foliosa A. Gray



Coreopsis foliosa A. Gray

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1936: 330. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 1376* (K), Luteyn & Lebr&oacute;n-Luteyn 5538 (F)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Coreopsis glaucodes S. F. Blake & Sherff



Coreopsis glaucodes S. F. Blake & Sherff

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1925: 369. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4048* (US)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Coreopsis holodasya S.F. Blake



Coreopsis holodasya S.F. Blake

Reference: Blake, S. F., 1962: 373. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean III: rocky slopes, shrublands. 4000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Balls 6846* (F!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac.


$


 Coreopsis imbricata Sherff



Coreopsis imbricata Sherff

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1936: 337. 
Ecology. 3500-4000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Pearce s.n.* (K)
Departments: Ayacucho.


$


 Coreopsis integra S.F. Blake



Coreopsis integra S.F. Blake

Reference: Cavaco, A., 1968: 385. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 2469* (F!), Smith et al. 10349 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Piura.


$


 Coreopsis irmscheriana F. Bruns



Coreopsis irmscheriana F. Bruns

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1936: 318. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Guenther & Buchtien 55* (HBG photo F!)
Departments: Arequipa.


$


 Coreopsis killipii Sherff



Coreopsis killipii Sherff

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1936: 324. 
Ecology. 3000-3500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Killip & Smith 21823* (F!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Coreopsis longula S.F. Blake



Coreopsis longula S.F. Blake

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1936: 327. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: shrublands. 3000-3500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (GH), Dillon & Skillman 4150 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Lambayeque.


$


 Coreopsis lopez-mirandae Sag&aacute;st.



Coreopsis lopez-mirandae Sag&aacute;st.

Reference: Sag&aacute;stegui-Alva, A., 1969: 248. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: L&oacute;pez et al. 4460* (HUT), Sag&aacute;stegui 6077 (LP)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Coreopsis macbridei Sherff



Coreopsis macbridei Sherff

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1936: 323. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 3504* (F!), Macbride 3152 (F!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Coreopsis microlepis S. F. Blake & Sherff ex Sherff



Coreopsis microlepis S. F. Blake & Sherff ex Sherff

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1936: 322. 
Ecology. 2000-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Mathews 1418* (K), Hutchison & Wright 5226 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Coreopsis multifida DC.



Coreopsis multifida DC.

$


 Coreopsis multifida var.multifida



Coreopsis multifida var. multifida 

$


 Coreopsis multifida var.mutica DC.



Coreopsis multifida var. mutica DC.

$


 Coreopsis nodosa Sherff



Coreopsis nodosa Sherff

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1936: 329. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: riversides, rocky slopes. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 13646* (F!), King & Collins 9032 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Coreopsis notha S. F. Blake & Sherff



Coreopsis notha S. F. Blake & Sherff

$


 Coreopsis notha var.notha



Coreopsis notha var. notha 

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1936: 332. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: rocky slopes. 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 3812* (B)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Coreopsis notha var.parvifolia Sherff



Coreopsis notha var. parvifolia Sherff

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1936: 333. 
Ecology: Native shrub. . 
Voucher: Raimondi 6695* (B)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Coreopsis oblanceolata S.F. Blake



Coreopsis oblanceolata S.F. Blake

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1936: 326. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Townsend A211* (F!), Sag&aacute;stegui & Cabanillas 8283 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Piura.


$


 Coreopsis obovatifolia Sag&aacute;st.



Coreopsis obovatifolia Sag&aacute;st.

Reference: Sag&aacute;stegui-Alva, A., 1982: 263. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui 7771* (HUT), Sag&aacute;stegui 7382 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Coreopsis parviceps S. F. Blake & Sherff



Coreopsis parviceps S. F. Blake & Sherff

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1936: 325. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Jelski 765* (B)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Coreopsis peruviana Sag&aacute;st.



Coreopsis peruviana Sag&aacute;st.

Reference: Sag&aacute;stegui-Alva, A., 1970: 73; Sag&aacute;stegui-Alva, A., 1982: 265. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui 7495* (MO!), Sag&aacute;stegui 8055 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Coreopsis pervelutina Sag&aacute;st.



Coreopsis pervelutina Sag&aacute;st.

Reference: Sag&aacute;stegui-Alva, A., 1982: 265. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: S&aacute;nchez 1198* (HUT)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Coreopsis pickeringii A. Gray



Coreopsis pickeringii A. Gray

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1936: 336. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Wildes Exped. s.n.* , Goodspeed & Weberbauer 33061 (MO!)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Coreopsis piurana Sherff



Coreopsis piurana Sherff

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1964: 370. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. . 
Voucher: Soukup 4662* (US photo US!)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Coreopsis polyactis S. F. Blake & Sherff



Coreopsis polyactis S. F. Blake & Sherff

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1925: 372. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: grasslands. 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6995* (US!)
Departments: La Libertad.


$


 Coreopsis senaria S. F. Blake & Sherff



Coreopsis senaria S. F. Blake & Sherff

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1936: 330. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: grasslands, rocky slopes, shrublands. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Stubel 35* (B), Smith 6213 (MO)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, La Libertad.


$


 Coreopsis sherffii S.F. Blake



Coreopsis sherffii S.F. Blake

Reference: Cavaco, A., 1968: 385. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: grasslands. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 1596* (US), Macbride & Featherstone 1482 (F)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Coreopsis spectablilis A. Gray



Coreopsis spectablilis A. Gray

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1936: 335. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. . 
Voucher: Mclean s.n.* (US)


$


 Coreopsis townsendii S.F. Blake



Coreopsis townsendii S.F. Blake

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1936: 338. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Townsend A192* (F!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Coreopsis triloba S.F. Blake



Coreopsis triloba S.F. Blake

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1936: 334. 
Ecology. 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 22171 (NY)
Departments: Cajamarca, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Coreopsis venusta Kunth



Coreopsis venusta Kunth

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1936: 328. 
Ecology. 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui 11892 (NY)
Departments: Cajamarca, La Libertad.


$


 Coreopsis woytkowskii Sherff



Coreopsis woytkowskii Sherff

Reference: Sherff, E. E., 1936: 326. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2500-3500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Woytkowski 24* (F), Smith 6214 (NY)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca.


$


 Coreosma dombeyana Spach


Coreosma dombeyana Spach = Ribes viscosum Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 628: 1024. 


$


 Coriandrum cicuta Crantz


Coriandrum cicuta Crantz = Conium maculatum L.

Reference: FP 1293: 38. 


$


 Coriandrum maculatum Roth


Coriandrum maculatum Roth = Conium maculatum L.

Reference: FP 1293: 38. 


$


 Coriandrum sativum L.



Coriandrum sativum L.

Synonyms: Coriandrum sativum Krause
Reference: Flora Peru: 1293: 40; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 63. 
Ecology: Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-3500 m. 
Voucher: Hudson 1051 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Ica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Coriaria microphylla Poir.


Coriaria microphylla Poir. = Coriaria ruscifolia subsp. microphylla (Poir.) L.E. Skog

Reference: Skog, L. E., 1972: 249; Skog, L. E., 1987: 4. 


$


 Coriaria phylicifolia Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.


Coriaria phylicifolia Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. = Coriaria ruscifolia subsp. microphylla (Poir.) L.E. Skog

Reference: Skog, L. E., 1972: 249; Skog, L. E., 1987: 4. 


$


 Coriaria ruscifolia L.



Coriaria ruscifolia L.

$


 Coriaria ruscifolia subsp.microphylla (Poir.) L.E. Skog



Coriaria ruscifolia subsp. microphylla (Poir.) L.E. Skog

Synonyms: Coriaria ruscifolia microphylla Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd., Coriaria ruscifolia microphylla Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd., Coriaria ruscifolia microphylla Poir.
Reference: Skog, L. E., 1972: 249; Skog, L. E., 1987: 4. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests, shrublands. 500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison 115 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad, Puno.


$


 Coriaria thymifolia Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.


Coriaria thymifolia Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. = Coriaria ruscifolia subsp. microphylla (Poir.) L.E. Skog

Reference: FP 679: 237; Skog, L. E., 1972: 249; Skog, L. E., 1987: 4. 


$


 Cormonema spinosum (Vell.) Reiss.



Cormonema spinosum (Vell.) Reiss.

Synonyms: Cormonema spinosum Cowan, Cormonema spinosum Vell.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1299: 400; Johnston, M. C., 1971: 51. 
Note: Not Rhamnaceae, but the type is not extant.  


$


 Cormonema spinosum var. latifolium Reissek


Cormonema spinosum var. latifolium Reissek = Colubrina retusa var. latifolia (Reissek) M.C. Johnst.

Reference: Johnston, M. C., 1971: 28. 


$


 Cormonema spinosum var. peruvianum J.F. Macbr.


Cormonema spinosum var. peruvianum J.F. Macbr. = Colubrina retusa var. latifolia (Reissek) M.C. Johnst.

Reference: Johnston, M. C., 1971: 28. 


$


 Cornidia peruviana Small


Cornidia peruviana Small = Hydrangea peruviana Moric.

Reference: FP 628: 1036. 


$


 Cornidia radiata Oerst.


Cornidia radiata Oerst. = Hydrangea peruviana Moric.

$


 Cornidia umbellata Ruiz & Pav.


Cornidia umbellata Ruiz & Pav. = Hydrangea preslii Briq.

Reference: FP 628: 1034. 


$


 Cornucopiae hiemalis Walter


Cornucopiae hiemalis Walter = Agrostis hiemalis (Walter) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.

Reference: McVaugh, R., 1983: 41. 


$


 Cornucopiae perennans Walter


Cornucopiae perennans Walter = Agrostis perennans (Walter) Tuck.

Reference: FP 719: 165. 


$


 Cornuella venezuelanensis Pierre


Cornuella venezuelanensis Pierre = Chrysophyllum venezuelanense (Pierre) T.D. Penn.

Reference: Pennington, T. D., 1990: 607. 


$


 Cornus boliviana J.F. Macbr.


Cornus boliviana J.F. Macbr. = Cornus peruviana J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 1323: 44. 


$


 Cornus peruviana J.F. Macbr.



Cornus peruviana J.F. Macbr.

Synonyms: Cornus peruviana J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1323:  44; Steyermark, J. A. & R. Liesner, 1987: 429. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean II: forests. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 3439* (F!), Vargas 763 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Apur&iacute;mac, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Cornutia cymosa Donn. Sm.


Cornutia cymosa Donn. Sm. = Cordia cymosa (Donn. Sm.) Standl.

$


 Cornutia microcalycina Pav. ex Moldenke



Cornutia microcalycina Pav. ex Moldenke

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 690; L&oacute;pez-Palacios, S., 1977: 286. 
Ecology. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 26133 (US)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Pasco.


$


 Cornutia odorata (Poepp.) Poepp. ex Schauer



Cornutia odorata (Poepp.) Poepp. ex Schauer

Synonyms: Cornutia odorata Poepp.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 691; L&oacute;pez-Palacios, S., 1977: 289. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub, tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, riversides. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (G), Smith 3795 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cornutia velutina Hayek


Cornutia velutina Hayek = Aegiphila mollis var. mollis 

Reference: FP 1286: 713; L&oacute;pez-Palacios, S., 1977: 130. 
Note: NN  


$


 Coronopus didymus (L.) Smith



Coronopus didymus (L.) Smith

Synonyms: Coronopus didymus L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 614: 953; Gutte, G, K. M&uuml;ller & C. M&uuml;ller, 1986: 191. 
Ecology. . 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   Native of Europe and becoming cosmopolitan. 
Voucher: M&uuml;ller 3638 (LZ, USM)
Departments: Lima, Moquegua.


$


 Corrigiola andina Planch. & Triana



Corrigiola andina Planch. & Triana

$


 Corryocactus acervatus F. Ritter



Corryocactus acervatus F. Ritter

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1287; Hunt, D., 1992: 46. 
Ecology: Endemic Sprawling cactus. Andean II: 3000-3500 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Ritter 558* (U)
Departments: Arequipa.


$


 Corryocactus apiciflorus (Vaupel) Hutchison



Corryocactus apiciflorus (Vaupel) Hutchison

Synonyms: Corryocactus apiciflorus (Backeb.) Hutchison, Corryocactus apiciflorus (Vaupel) Werdermann, Corryocactus apiciflorus Backeb., Corryocactus apiciflorus Vaupel
Reference: Buxbaum, F., 1963: 9; Ritter, F., 1981: 1280; Hunt, D., 1992: 46. 
Ecology: Endemic Erect, branched cactus. Andean II: 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Weberbauer 3743* (B), Ritter 1300 (U)
Departments: Ancash.


$


 Corryocactus aureus (Meyen) Hutchison



Corryocactus aureus (Meyen) Hutchison

Synonyms: Corryocactus aureus (Britton & Rose) Werdermann, Corryocactus aureus (Meyen) A. Weber, Corryocactus aureus (Meyen) Pfeiff., Corryocactus aureus Britton & Rose, Corryocactus aureus Meyen, Corryocactus aureus Meyen
Reference: Buxbaum, F., 1963: 9; Hunt, D., 1992: 46. 
Ecology: Endemic Clustered, globular cactus. Andean II: 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Rose 18801 (US)
Departments: Arequipa.


$


 Corryocactus ayacuchoensis Rauh & Backeb.



Corryocactus ayacuchoensis Rauh & Backeb.

Synonyms: Corryocactus ayacuchoensis Rauh & Backeb.
Reference: Backeberg, C., 1956: 12; Rauh, W., 1958: 246; Ritter, F., 1981: 1281. 
Ecology: Endemic Erect, branched cactus. Andean II: 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Rauh K73 [1954]* (ZSS), Rauh K74 [1954] (ZSS)
Departments: Ayacucho.


$


 Corryocactus ayacuchoensis var. leucacanthus Rauh & Backeb.


Corryocactus ayacuchoensis var. leucacanthus Rauh & Backeb. = Corryocactus ayacuchoensis Rauh & Backeb.

Reference: Rauh, W., 1958: 246; Backeberg, C., 1956: 12; Ritter, F., 1981: 1281. 


$


 Corryocactus brachycladus F. Ritter



Corryocactus brachycladus F. Ritter

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1289; Hunt, D., 1992: 46. 
Ecology: Endemic Climbing or sprawling cactus. Andean III: 3500-4000 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Ritter 657* (U)
Departments: Ancash.


$


 Corryocactus brachypetalus (Vaupel) Britton & Rose



Corryocactus brachypetalus (Vaupel) Britton & Rose

Synonyms: Corryocactus brachypetalus Vaupel
Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1920: 67; Rauh, W., 1958: 242; Ritter, F., 1981: 1279. 
Ecology: Endemic Erect, branched cactus. Coastal: 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 1549* (B), Rose 18810 (US)
Departments: Arequipa.


$


 Corryocactus brevispinus Rauh & Backeb.



Corryocactus brevispinus Rauh & Backeb.

Reference: Backeberg, C., 1956: 12; Hunt, D., 1992: 46. 
Ecology: Endemic Erect, branched cactus. Andean II: 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Collector unknown s.n.* (HEID)
Departments: Arequipa.


$


 Corryocactus brevistylus (Schumann ex Vaupel) Britton & Rose



Corryocactus brevistylus (Schumann ex Vaupel) Britton & Rose

Synonyms: Corryocactus brevistylus Schumann ex Vaupel
Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1920: 66; Rauh, W., 1958: 243; Ritter, F., 1981: 1279. 
Ecology: Native Erect, branched cactus. Andean II: 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 1414* (B), Rose 18780 (US)
Departments: Arequipa, Puno.


$


 Corryocactus brevistylus var. puquiensis (Rauh & Backeb.) F. Ritter


Corryocactus brevistylus var. puquiensis (Rauh & Backeb.) F. Ritter = Corryocactus puquiensis Rauh & Backeb.

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1279. 


$


 Corryocactus chachapoyensis Ochoa & Backeb.



Corryocactus chachapoyensis Ochoa & Backeb.

Synonyms: Corryocactus chachapoyensis Ochoa & Backeb.
Reference: Eggli, U. & N. Taylor, 1991: 39; Hunt, D., 1992: 46. 
Ecology: Endemic Sprawling cactus. Andean II: 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  An invalid name according to Eggle & Taylor (1992); the combination Corryocactus has not been made. 
Voucher: Ochoa s.n. [in 1952]* 
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Corryocactus chavinilloensis F. Ritter



Corryocactus chavinilloensis F. Ritter

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1290; Hunt, D., 1992: 46. 
Ecology: Endemic Climbing or sprawling cactus. Andean II: 3000-3500 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Ritter 689* (U)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Corryocactus cuajonesensis F. Ritter



Corryocactus cuajonesensis F. Ritter

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1287; Hunt, D., 1992: 46. 
Ecology: Endemic Sprawling cactus. Andean II: 3000-3500 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Ritter 638* (U)
Departments: Moquegua.


$


 Corryocactus erectus (Backeb.) F. Ritter



Corryocactus erectus (Backeb.) F. Ritter

Synonyms: Corryocactus erectus Backeb., Corryocactus erectus Backeb. & H. Jacobsen, Corryocactus erectus Knize, Corryocactus erectus Knize
Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1281; Hunt, D., 1992: 46. 
Ecology: Endemic Erect, branched cactus. Andean II-III: 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Rauh K59 [1954]* (ZSS), Ritter 666 (U)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Corryocactus gracilis F. Ritter



Corryocactus gracilis F. Ritter

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1282; Hunt, D., 1992: 46. 
Ecology: Endemic Climbing or sprawling cactus. Andean II: 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Ritter 1299* (U)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho.


$


 Corryocactus heteracanthus Backeb.



Corryocactus heteracanthus Backeb.

Reference: Backeberg, C., 1956: 12; Rauh, W., 1958: 246; Hunt, D., 1992: 46. 
Ecology: Endemic Climbing or sprawling cactus. Andean II: 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Rauh K76 [1954]* (ZSS)
Departments: Ayacucho.


$


 Corryocactus huincoensis F. Ritter



Corryocactus huincoensis F. Ritter

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1288; Hunt, D., 1992: 46. 
Ecology: Endemic Climbing or sprawling cactus. Andean I: 1500-2000 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Ritter 1070* (U)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Corryocactus matucanensis F. Ritter



Corryocactus matucanensis F. Ritter

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1287; Hunt, D., 1992: 46. 
Ecology: Endemic Climbing or sprawling cactus. Andean II: 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Ritter 629* (U)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Corryocactus maximus (Backeb.) Hutchison


Corryocactus maximus (Backeb.) Hutchison = Corryocactus apiciflorus (Vaupel) Hutchison

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1280; Hunt, D., 1992: 46. 


$


 Corryocactus megarhizus F. Ritter



Corryocactus megarhizus F. Ritter

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1286; Hunt, D., 1992: 46. 
Ecology: Endemic Sprawling cactus. Andean II: 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Ritter 559* (U)
Departments: Ayacucho.


$


 Corryocactus melaleucus F. Ritter



Corryocactus melaleucus F. Ritter

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1289; Hunt, D., 1992: 46. 
Ecology: Endemic Climbing or sprawling cactus. Andean II: 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Ritter 687* (U)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Corryocactus odoratus F. Ritter



Corryocactus odoratus F. Ritter

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1285; Hunt, D., 1992: 46. 
Ecology: Endemic Sprawling cactus. Andean II: 3000-3500 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Ritter 1301* (U)
Departments: Huancavelica.


$


 Corryocactus pachycladus Rauh & Backeb.


Corryocactus pachycladus Rauh & Backeb. = Corryocactus puquiensis Rauh & Backeb.

Reference: Backeberg, C., 1956: 12; Hunt, D., 1992: 46. 


$


 Corryocactus pilispinus F. Ritter



Corryocactus pilispinus F. Ritter

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1291; Hunt, D., 1992: 46. 
Ecology: Endemic Sprawling cactus. Andean II: 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Ritter 1071* (U)
Departments: La Libertad.


$


 Corryocactus prostratus F. Ritter



Corryocactus prostratus F. Ritter

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1283; Hunt, D., 1992: 46. 
Ecology: Endemic Climbing or sprawling cactus. Andean II: 1500-3000 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Ritter 180* (U)
Departments: Arequipa.


$


 Corryocactus puquiensis Rauh & Backeb.



Corryocactus puquiensis Rauh & Backeb.

Synonyms: Corryocactus puquiensis (Rauh & Backeb.) F. Ritter, Corryocactus puquiensis Rauh & Backeb.
Reference: Backeberg, C., 1956: 12; Rauh, W., 1958: 245; Hunt, D., 1992: 46. 
Ecology: Endemic Sprawling cactus. Andean II: 2500-3500 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  Treated as a variety of C. brevistylis by Ritter (1981: 1279). 
Voucher: Rauh K48 [1954]* (ZSS), Rauh K39 [1954] (ZSS)
Departments: Arequipa.


$


 Corryocactus pyroporphyranthus F. Ritter



Corryocactus pyroporphyranthus F. Ritter

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1284; Hunt, D., 1992: 46. 
Ecology: Endemic Climbing or sprawling cactus. Andean II: 3000-3500 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Ritter 1481* (U)
Departments: Ayacucho.


$


 Corryocactus quadrangularis (Rauh & Backeb.) F. Ritter



Corryocactus quadrangularis (Rauh & Backeb.) F. Ritter

Synonyms: Corryocactus quadrangularis Rauh & Backeb.
Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1280; Hunt, D., 1992: 46. 
Ecology: Endemic Climbing or sprawling cactus. Andean II: 3000-3500 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Rauh K120 [1956]* (ZSS)
Departments: Ayacucho.


$


 Corryocactus quivillanus F. Ritter



Corryocactus quivillanus F. Ritter

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1290; Hunt, D., 1992: 46. 
Ecology: Endemic Erect, branched cactus. Andean II: 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Ritter 688* (U)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Corryocactus serpens F. Ritter



Corryocactus serpens F. Ritter

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1285; Hunt, D., 1992: 46. 
Ecology: Endemic Climbing or sprawling cactus. Andean II: 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Ritter 1302* (U)
Departments: Huancavelica.


$


 Corryocactus solitarius F. Ritter



Corryocactus solitarius F. Ritter

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1289; Hunt, D., 1992: 46. 
Ecology: Endemic Sprawling cactus. Andean II: 3000-3500 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Ritter 634* (U)
Departments: La Libertad.


$


 Corryocactus squarrosus (Vaupel) Hutchison



Corryocactus squarrosus (Vaupel) Hutchison

Synonyms: Corryocactus squarrosus (Vaupel) Britton & Rose, Corryocactus squarrosus Vaupel
Reference: Buxbaum, F., 1963: 9; Ritter, F., 1981: 1280; Hunt, D., 1992: 46. 
Ecology: Endemic Climbing or sprawling cactus. Andean II: 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 1719* (B), Ritter 621 (U)
Departments: Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Corryocactus tenuiculus (Rauh & Backeb.) Hutchison



Corryocactus tenuiculus (Rauh & Backeb.) Hutchison

Synonyms: Corryocactus tenuiculus F. Ritter, Corryocactus tenuiculus Rauh & Backeb.
Reference: Buxbaum, F., 1963: 9; Ritter, F., 1981: 1282; Hunt, D., 1992: 47. 
Ecology: Endemic Climbing or sprawling cactus. Andean III: 3500-4500 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Rauh K54 [1956]* (ZSS), Ritter 1058 (U)
Departments: Ancash.


$


 Cortaderia aristata Pilg.


Cortaderia aristata Pilg. = Cortaderia bifida Pilg.

Reference: FP 719: 138; Connor, H. E. & E. Edgar, 1974: 597. 


$


 Cortaderia bifida Pilg.



Cortaderia bifida Pilg.

Synonyms: Cortaderia bifida Pilg.
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 138; Connor, H. E. & E. Edgar, 1974: 597. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: 2000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 1328* (MOL), Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 12040 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad, Pasco, Puno.


$


 Cortaderia hapalotricha (Pilg.) Conert



Cortaderia hapalotricha (Pilg.) Conert

Synonyms: Cortaderia hapalotricha Pilg.
Reference: Connor, H. E. & E. Edgar, 1974: 598; Pohl, R. W., 1980: 152. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: 2500- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Smith 2266 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, La Libertad, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cortaderia jubata (Lem.) Stapf



Cortaderia jubata (Lem.) Stapf

Synonyms: Cortaderia jubata Lem., Cortaderia jubata Meyen, Cortaderia jubata Nees
Reference: Connor, H. E. & E. Edgar, 1974: 598; Tovar, O., 1986: 51. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: 1500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Roezl s.n.* (K), Solomon 3013 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cortaderia nitida (Kunth) Pilg.



Cortaderia nitida (Kunth) Pilg.

Synonyms: Cortaderia nitida (Kunth) Pilg., Cortaderia nitida Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 138. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: S&aacute;nchez 2592 (CPUN)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cuzco.


$


 Cortaderia planifolia Swallen



Cortaderia planifolia Swallen

Reference: Tovar, O., 1981: 108. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: 4000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Cerrate 1529 (USM!)
Departments: Ancash, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima.


$


 Cortaderia pungens Swallen



Cortaderia pungens Swallen

Reference: Swallen, J. R., 1948: 251. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: 3500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 1890 (F!)
Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco.


$


 Cortaderia rudiuscula Stapf



Cortaderia rudiuscula Stapf

Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 139; Tovar, O., 1981: 108. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Tovar 2460 (US!, USM)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Cortaderia sericantha (Steud.) Hitchc.



Cortaderia sericantha (Steud.) Hitchc.

Synonyms: Cortaderia sericantha Steud.
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 139. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: 3500-4500 m. 
Voucher: Smith et al. 12672 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Coryanthes alborosea C. Schweinf.



Coryanthes alborosea C. Schweinf.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 620; Romero, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 10092 (AMES!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Coryanthes balfouriana Hort. ex Sander


Coryanthes balfouriana Hort. ex Sander = Coryanthes bruchmulleri Rchb. f.

Reference: FP 1510: 54; Romero, pers. comm.. 
Note: NN  


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 Coryanthes bicalcarata Schltr.



Coryanthes bicalcarata Schltr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 620; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Filomeno s.n.* , Dodson s.n.* (SEL!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Coryanthes biflora Barb. Rodr.


Coryanthes biflora Barb. Rodr. = Coryanthes bruchmulleri Rchb. f.

Reference: FP 1510: 54; Romero, pers. comm.. 
Note: NN  


$


 Coryanthes feildingii Lindl.



Coryanthes feildingii Lindl.

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Coryanthes leucocorys Rolfe



Coryanthes leucocorys Rolfe

Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 622; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Linden s.n.* 
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto.


$


 Coryanthes macrantha (Hooker) Hooker



Coryanthes macrantha (Hooker) Hooker

Synonyms: Coryanthes macrantha Hooker
Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 623; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Dodson s.n. (SEL!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Coryanthes macrocorys Rolfe



Coryanthes macrocorys Rolfe

Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 623; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I: 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Dodson s.n. (SEL!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Coryanthes maculata Lindl.



Coryanthes maculata Lindl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 624; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Coryanthes maculata var. punctata Lindl.


Coryanthes maculata var. punctata Lindl. = Coryanthes speciosa (Hooker) Hooker

Reference: FP 1473: 624; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Coryanthes punctata Beer


Coryanthes punctata Beer = Coryanthes speciosa (Hooker) Hooker

Reference: FP 1473: 624; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Coryanthes seegeri Gerlach



Coryanthes seegeri Gerlach

Reference: Gerlach, G., 1987: 87. 
Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Seeger O-18841* (HEID)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Coryanthes senghasiana G. Gerlach



Coryanthes senghasiana G. Gerlach

Reference: Gerlach, G., 1988: 74. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Seeger O-18539* (HEID)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Coryanthes speciosa (Hooker) Hooker



Coryanthes speciosa (Hooker) Hooker

Synonyms: Coryanthes speciosa Beer, Coryanthes speciosa Lindl.
Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Dodson s.n. (SEL!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Coryanthes trifoliata C. Schweinf.



Coryanthes trifoliata C. Schweinf.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 625; Romero, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 10097* (AMES!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Coryanthes verrucolineata G. Gerlach



Coryanthes verrucolineata G. Gerlach

Reference: Gerlach, G., 1989: 52; Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 34. 
Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Dodson s.n.* (SEL)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Corymborkis flava (Sw.) Kuntze



Corymborkis flava (Sw.) Kuntze

Synonyms: Corymborkis flava Sw.
Reference: Garay, L. A., 1978: 144; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Corynaea crassa Hook. f.



Corynaea crassa Hook. f.

$


 Corynaea crassa Hook. f. var.crassa



Corynaea crassa Hook. f. var. crassa 

Synonyms: Corynaea crassa crassa Hook. f.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1247: 431; Hansen, B. F., 1980: 42. 
Ecology: Native parasitic herb. Andean II: 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Barbour 2715 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Pasco.


$


 Corynaea crassa var.sprucei (Eichler) B. Hansen



Corynaea crassa var. sprucei (Eichler) B. Hansen

Synonyms: Corynaea crassa sprucei Eichler
Reference: Hansen, B. F., 1980: 44. 
Ecology: Native parasitic herb. Andean I-III: 1000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Smith & V&aacute;squez 3568 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, La Libertad, Piura.


$


 Corynaea purdiei Hook. f.


Corynaea purdiei Hook. f. = Corynaea crassa Hook. f. var. crassa 

Reference: FP 1247: 431; Hansen, B. F., 1980: 42. 


$


 Corynaea sprucei Eichler


Corynaea sprucei Eichler = Corynaea crassa var. sprucei (Eichler) B. Hansen

Reference: Hansen, B. F., 1980: 44. 


$


 Corynostylis arborea (L.) S.F. Blake



Corynostylis arborea (L.) S.F. Blake

Synonyms: Corynostylis arborea L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 729: 69; Baehni, C. & R. Weibel, 1941: 205. 
Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry 32071 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Corynostylis volubilis Lyman B. Smith & Fernandez-Perez



Corynostylis volubilis Lyman B. Smith & Fernandez-Perez

Reference: Smith, L. B. & A. Fern&aacute;ndez-Perez, 1954: 143. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ayala 5689 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Corynula pilosa (Benth.) Hook. f.


Corynula pilosa (Benth.) Hook. f. = Leptostigma pilosum (Benth.) Fosberg

Reference: FP 1365: 241; Fosberg, F. R., 1982: 79. 
Note: NN  


$


 Corytholobium macrophyllum Benth.


Corytholobium macrophyllum Benth. = Securidaca macrophylla (Benth.) Wurdack

Reference: FP 670: 911; Wurdack, J. J., 1972: 125. 


$


 Corytholoma elatius (Kunth) Fritsch


Corytholoma elatius (Kunth) Fritsch = Sinningia elatior (Kunth) Chautems

Reference: Chautems, A., 1990: 383. 


$


 Corytholoma igneum (C. Martius) Fritsch


Corytholoma igneum (C. Martius) Fritsch = Sinningia elatior (Kunth) Chautems

Reference: Chautems, A., 1990: 384. 


$


 Corytholoma strictum (Hook. & Arn.) Decne.


Corytholoma strictum (Hook. & Arn.) Decne. = Sinningia elatior (Kunth) Chautems

Reference: Chautems, A., 1990: 384. 


$


 Corytoplectus speciosus (Poepp.) Wiehler



Corytoplectus speciosus (Poepp.) Wiehler

Synonyms: Corytoplectus speciosus (Klotzsch ex Hanst.) Fritsch, Corytoplectus speciosus (Klotzsch ex Hanst.) Kuntze, Corytoplectus speciosus (Linden & Andre) Rech., Corytoplectus speciosus (Poepp.) Fritsch, Corytoplectus speciosus Klotzsch ex Hanst., Corytoplectus speciosus Kuntze, Corytoplectus speciosus Linden & Andre, Corytoplectus speciosus Poepp.
Reference: Wiehler, H., 1973: 313. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 1079* (W), Skog et al. 5119 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Cosmibuena acuminata Ruiz & Pav.


Cosmibuena acuminata Ruiz & Pav. = Hillia parasitica Jacq.

Reference: FP 1365: 48. 


$



$


 Cosmibuena dichotoma (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) G. Don


Cosmibuena dichotoma (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) G. Don = Joosia dichotoma (Ruiz & Pav.) H. Karst.

Reference: FP 1365: 33; Steyermark, J. A., 1975: 259. 


$



$



$


 Cosmibuena grandiflora (Ruiz & Pav.) Rusby



Cosmibuena grandiflora (Ruiz & Pav.) Rusby

Synonyms: Cosmibuena grandiflora (Ruiz & Pav.) DC., Cosmibuena grandiflora Ruiz & Pav., Cosmibuena grandiflora Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 49; Standley, P. C., 1930: 23. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1000 m. 
Note: epiphytic  
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Stein & Todzia 2352 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$



$


 Cosmibuena obtusifolia Ruiz & Pav.


Cosmibuena obtusifolia Ruiz & Pav. = Cosmibuena grandiflora (Ruiz & Pav.) Rusby

Reference: FP 1365: 49; Standley, P. C., 1930: 23. 
Note: nom. illeg.  


$



$



$



$



$



$


 Cosmos caudatus Kunth



Cosmos caudatus Kunth

$


 Cosmos marginatus Klatt


Cosmos marginatus Klatt = Cosmos peucedanifolius Wedd.

$


 Cosmos peucedanifolius Wedd.



Cosmos peucedanifolius Wedd.

Synonyms: Cosmos peucedanifolius Klatt


$


 Cosmos subpubescens Wedd.



Cosmos subpubescens Wedd.

$


 Cosmos sulphureus Cav.



Cosmos sulphureus Cav.

$


 Costus acreanus (Loes.) Maas



Costus acreanus (Loes.) Maas

Synonyms: Costus acreanus Loes.
Reference: Maas, P. J. M., 1972: 66. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ule 9195* (K), Barbour 5448 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Costus amazonicus (Loes.) J.F. Macbr.



Costus amazonicus (Loes.) J.F. Macbr.

$


 Costus amazonicus (Loes.) J.F. Macbr. subsp.amazonicus



Costus amazonicus (Loes.) J.F. Macbr. subsp. amazonicus 

Synonyms: Costus amazonicus var. amazonicus Loes.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1203: 732; Maas, P. J. M., 1972: 69. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Tessmann 4903* (G), Kayap 877 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto.


$


 Costus arabicus L.



Costus arabicus L.

Synonyms: Costus arabicus K. Schum., Costus arabicus Loes., Costus arabicus Loes.
Reference: Maas, P. J. M., 1972: 57. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ayala et al. 3304 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Costus argenteus Ruiz & Pav.


Costus argenteus Ruiz & Pav. = Dimerocostus argenteus (Ruiz & Pav.) Maas

Reference: FP 1203: 733; Maas, P. J. M., 1972: 25. 


$


 Costus asplundii (Maas) Maas



Costus asplundii (Maas) Maas

Synonyms: Costus asplundii Maas
Reference: Maas, P. J. M., 1977: 177. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Huashikat 19 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco.


$


 Costus asteranthus Maas & H. Maas



Costus asteranthus Maas & H. Maas

Reference: Maas, P. J. M. & H. Maas, 1990: 307. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I: 500-1000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Maas et al. 6086* (U)
Departments: Puno.


$


 Costus beckii Maas & H. Maas



Costus beckii Maas & H. Maas

Reference: Maas, P. J. M. & H. Maas, 1990: 309. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Foster et al. 4010 (F)
Departments: Madre de Dios.


$


 Costus brasiliensis K. Schum.


Costus brasiliensis K. Schum. = Costus arabicus L.

Reference: FP 1203: 733; Maas, P. J. M., 1972: 58. 


$


 Costus cernuus Sw. ex Roem. & Schult.


Costus cernuus Sw. ex Roem. & Schult. = Renealmia cernua (Sw. ex Roem. & Schult.) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 1203: 728; Maas, P. J. M., 1977: 47. 


$


 Costus claviger R. Benoist


Costus claviger R. Benoist = Costus erythrophyllus Loes.

Reference: Maas, P. J. M., 1977: 183. 


$


 Costus comosus (Jacq.) Roscoe



Costus comosus (Jacq.) Roscoe

$


 Costus comosus var.comosus (Jacq.) Roscoe



Costus comosus var. comosus (Jacq.) Roscoe

Synonyms: Costus comosus comosus Jacq.
Reference: Maas, P. J. M., 1972: 83. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Raimondi 8469 (USM!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Costus cylindricus Jacq.


Costus cylindricus Jacq. = Costus spicatus (Jacq.) Sw.

Reference: FP 1203: 733; Maas, P. J. M., 1972: 92, 101. 
Note: NN  


$


 Costus cylindricus var. acreanus Loes.


Costus cylindricus var. acreanus Loes. = Costus acreanus (Loes.) Maas

Reference: Maas, P. J. M., 1972: 66. 


$


 Costus erythrocoryne Schum.



Costus erythrocoryne Schum.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1203: 734; Maas, P. J. M., 1972: 109. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ule 6188* (MG), Croat 18168 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Costus erythrophyllus Loes.



Costus erythrophyllus Loes.

Synonyms: Costus erythrophyllus R. Benoist
Reference: Flora Peru: 1203: 734; Maas, P. J. M., 1977: 185. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Tessmann 4813* (photo MO!), Huashikat 294 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto.


$


 Costus erythrothyrsus Loes.



Costus erythrothyrsus Loes.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1203: 734; Maas, P. J. M., 1985: 38. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Huashikat 563 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto.


$


 Costus gracilis Loes.


Costus gracilis Loes. = Costus arabicus L.

Reference: FP 1203: 736; Maas, P. J. M., 1972: 58. 


$


 Costus guanaiensis Rusby



Costus guanaiensis Rusby

$


 Costus guanaiensis Rusby var.guanaiensis



Costus guanaiensis Rusby var. guanaiensis 

Reference: Maas, P. J. M., 1972: 51. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 7348 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Costus guanaiensis var. asplundii Maas


Costus guanaiensis var. asplundii Maas = Costus asplundii (Maas) Maas

Reference: Maas, P. J. M., 1977: 177. 


$


 Costus guanaiensis var.macrostrobilus (K. Schum. in Urban) Maas



Costus guanaiensis var. macrostrobilus (K. Schum. in Urban) Maas

Synonyms: Costus guanaiensis macrostrobilus K. Schum. in Urban
Reference: Maas, P. J. M., 1972: 52. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Maas et al. 6224 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Ucayali.


$


 Costus guanaiensis var.tarmicus (Loes.) Maas



Costus guanaiensis var. tarmicus (Loes.) Maas

Synonyms: Costus guanaiensis tarmicus J.F. Macbr., Costus guanaiensis tarmicus Loes.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1203: 736; Maas, P. J. M., 1972: 56. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 1856* (MOL!, USM), Ferreyra 13042 (USM!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Ucayali.


$


 Costus juruanus var. strigosus Maas


Costus juruanus var. strigosus Maas = ?  

Reference: Maas, P. J. M., 1977: 193. 


$


 Costus kaempferoides Loes.


Costus kaempferoides Loes. = Costus subsessilis (Nees & Mart.) Maas

Reference: FP 1203: 735; Maas, P. J. M., 1972: 30. 


$


 Costus laevis Ruiz & Pav.



Costus laevis Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Costus laevis Loes.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1203: 735; Maas, P. J. M., 1972: 63. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Schunke 10351 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto.


$


 Costus lasius Loes.



Costus lasius Loes.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1203: 735; Maas, P. J. M., 1972: 90. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Allard 22060* (US), Foster 9316 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Costus lima K. Schum.



Costus lima K. Schum.

Reference: Maas, P. J. M., 1972: 80. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1000 m. 
Note: Specimens from Peru may belong to a new variety according to Maas (1972: 80). 
Voucher: Schunke 384 (F)
Departments: Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Costus longebracteolatus Maas



Costus longebracteolatus Maas

Reference: Maas, P. J. M., 1977: 183. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ayala et al. 2941 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Costus macrostrobilus K. Schum. in Urban


Costus macrostrobilus K. Schum. in Urban = Costus guanaiensis var. macrostrobilus (K. Schum. in Urban) Maas

Reference: Maas, P. J. M., 1972: 52. 


$


 Costus malortieanus var. amazonicus Loes.


Costus malortieanus var. amazonicus Loes. = Costus amazonicus (Loes.) J.F. Macbr. subsp. amazonicus 

Reference: FP 1203: 732; Maas, P. J. M., 1972: 69. 


$



$


 Costus productus Gleason ex Maas



Costus productus Gleason ex Maas

$


 Costus productus Gleason ex Maas var.productus



Costus productus Gleason ex Maas var. productus 

Synonyms: Costus productus var. productus Maas
Reference: Maas, P. J. M., 1977: 193. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 25317* (US), Smith 2005 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Costus puchucupango J.F. Macbr.


Costus puchucupango J.F. Macbr. = Costus scaber Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1203: 735; Maas, P. J. M., 1972: 92. 


$


 Costus scaber Ruiz & Pav.



Costus scaber Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Costus scaber J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1203: 735; Maas, P. J. M., 1972: 92. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (frag BM), Berlin 465 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Costus spicatus (Jacq.) Sw.



Costus spicatus (Jacq.) Sw.

Synonyms: Costus spicatus Jacq.
Reference: Maas, P. J. M., 1972: 92. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Costus spiralis (Jacq.) Roscoe



Costus spiralis (Jacq.) Roscoe

$


 Costus spiralis var.spiralis



Costus spiralis var. spiralis 

Synonyms: Costus spiralis spiralis Jacq.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1203: 736; Maas, P. J. M., 1972: 106. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1500 m. 
Note: The specimens cited in the Flora of Peru, Williams 968 and Williams 772, are redetermined by Maas (1972) as C. arabicus and C. scaber respectively. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 1805 (MOL!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto.


$


 Costus subsessilis (Nees & Mart.) Maas



Costus subsessilis (Nees & Mart.) Maas

Synonyms: Costus subsessilis Loes., Costus subsessilis Petersen
Reference: Maas, P. J. M., 1972: 30; Maas, P. J. M., 1977: 168. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ule 9197 (K)
Departments: Madre de Dios.


$


 Costus tarapotensis J.F. Macbr.


Costus tarapotensis J.F. Macbr. = Costus guanaiensis var. tarmicus (Loes.) Maas

Reference: FP 1203: 736; Maas, P. J. M., 1972: 56. 


$


 Costus tarmicus Loes.


Costus tarmicus Loes. = Costus guanaiensis var. tarmicus (Loes.) Maas

Reference: FP 1203: 736; Maas, P. J. M., 1972: 56. 


$


 Costus ulei Loes.



Costus ulei Loes.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1203: 736; Maas, P. J. M., 1972: 123. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Note: Maas (1972) lists this taxon as an insufficiently known species.  
Voucher: Ule 9192 
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Costus uniflorus Poepp. ex Petersen


Costus uniflorus Poepp. ex Petersen = Monocostus uniflorus (Poepp. ex Petersen) Maas

Reference: FP 1203: 738; Maas, P. J. M., 1972: 18. 


$


 Costus validus Loes.


Costus validus Loes. = Costus arabicus L.

Reference: FP 1203: 736; Maas, P. J. M., 1972: 58. 


$


 Costus vargasii Maas & H. Maas



Costus vargasii Maas & H. Maas

Reference: Maas, P. J. M. & H. Maas, 1990: 313. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Maas et al. 6156 (MO)
Departments: Cuzco, Madre de Dios.


$


 Costus villosissimus Jacq.



Costus villosissimus Jacq.

Reference: Maas, P. J. M., 1972: 48. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Robertson & Austin 26 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Ucayali.


$


 Costus warmingii Petersen


Costus warmingii Petersen = Costus subsessilis (Nees & Mart.) Maas

Reference: Maas, P. J. M., 1977: 168. 


$


 Costus weberbaueri Loes.


Costus weberbaueri Loes. = Costus laevis Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 1203: 735; Maas, P. J. M., 1972: 63. 


$


 Costus zerumbet Pers.


Costus zerumbet Pers. = Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) B.L. Burtt & R.M. Sm.

Reference: Burtt, B. L. & R. M. Smith, 1972: 204. 


$


 Costus zingiberoides J.F. Macbr.



Costus zingiberoides J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1203: 737; Maas, P. J. M., 1972: 100. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Williams 3985* (F), Maas et al. 6000 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cotoneaster pannosus Franch.



Cotoneaster pannosus Franch.

Reference: Bailey, L. H., 1949: 505. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Medina 21 (MO!)
Departments: Lima.


$



$


 Cotoneaster pyracantha (L.) Spach


Cotoneaster pyracantha (L.) Spach = Pyracantha coccinea M. Roem.

Reference: Bailey, L. H., 1949: 507; Phipps, J. B., K. R. Robertson, & P. G. Smith, 1990: 2230. 


$


 Cottea pappophoroides Kunth



Cottea pappophoroides Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 142. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II, Coastal: 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Without collector s.n.* , S&aacute;nchez 2787 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Apur&iacute;mac, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lima, Piura.


$


 Cottendorfia rusbyi Baker


Cottendorfia rusbyi Baker = Fosterella schidosperma var. schidosperma 

Reference: FP 1179: 511 ; Ravenna, P., 1983: 253. 


$


 Cotula australis (Sieber ex Spreng.) Hook. f.



Cotula australis (Sieber ex Spreng.) Hook. f.

Synonyms: Cotula australis Sieber ex Spreng.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1417: 6. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II, Coastal: 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: Dillon & Turner 1720 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Moquegua, Piura.


$


 Cotula cabrerae Caro


Cotula cabrerae Caro = Cotula mexicana (DC.) Cabrera

Reference: FP 1417: 7. 


$


 Cotula coronopifolia L.



Cotula coronopifolia L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1418: 6. 
Ecology: Introduced herb. Andean I-III, Coastal: 0-4000 m. 
Voucher: Solomon 2826 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Puno.


$


 Cotula mexicana (DC.) Cabrera



Cotula mexicana (DC.) Cabrera

Synonyms: Cotula mexicana (Kunth) Benth. & Hook. f. ex Hemsl., Cotula mexicana (L. f.) Rydb., Cotula mexicana (L. f.) Schinz, Cotula mexicana (L. f.) Spreng., Cotula mexicana (L. f.) Sweet, Cotula mexicana (Ruiz & Pav.) Cabrera, Cotula mexicana Caro, Cotula mexicana DC., Cotula mexicana Kunth, Cotula mexicana L. f., Cotula mexicana R. & P. ex Steud., Cotula mexicana Ruiz & Pav., Cotula mexicana Spreng.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1417: 7; Cabrera, A. L., 1960: 207. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: 3000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Wurdack 1331 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Puno.


$


 Cotula minuta (L. f.) Schinz


Cotula minuta (L. f.) Schinz = Cotula mexicana (DC.) Cabrera

Reference: FP 1417: 7; Cabrera, A. L., 1960: 207. 


$


 Cotula pedicellata (Ruiz & Pav.) Cabrera


Cotula pedicellata (Ruiz & Pav.) Cabrera = Cotula mexicana (DC.) Cabrera

Reference: FP 1417: 7; Cabrera, A. L., 1960: 207. 


$


 Cotula pygmaea (Kunth) Benth. & Hook. f. ex Hemsl.


Cotula pygmaea (Kunth) Benth. & Hook. f. ex Hemsl. = Cotula mexicana (DC.) Cabrera

Reference: FP 1417: 7; Cabrera, A. L., 1960: 207. 


$


 Cotula viscosa L.


Cotula viscosa L. = Egletes viscosa (L.) Less.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1969: 27. 


$


 Cotyledon chiclensis Ball


Cotyledon chiclensis Ball = Echeveria chiclensis (Ball) Berger

Reference: FP 626: 1013; Walther, E., 1972: 368. 


$


 Cotyledon decipiens Baker


Cotyledon decipiens Baker = Villadia decipiens (Baker) Jacobsen

Reference: Jacobsen, H. & G. D. Rowley, 1958: 76. 


$


 Cotyledon eurychlamys Diels


Cotyledon eurychlamys Diels = Echeveria eurychlamys (Diels) Berger

Reference: FP 626: 1014; Walther, E., 1972: 362. 


$


 Cotyledon excelsa Diels


Cotyledon excelsa Diels = Echeveria excelsa (Diels) Berger

Reference: FP 626: 1014. 


$


 Cotyledon imbricata Diels


Cotyledon imbricata Diels = Villadia reniformis (Diels) Jacobsen

Reference: FP 626: 1012. 


$


 Cotyledon incarum Ball


Cotyledon incarum Ball = Villadia incarum (Ball) Baehni & J. F. Macbride

Reference: FP 626: 1012. 


$


 Cotyledon peruviana (Meyen) Baker


Cotyledon peruviana (Meyen) Baker = Echeveria peruviana Meyen

Reference: FP 626: 1014. 


$


 Cotyledon pinnata Lam.


Cotyledon pinnata Lam. = Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers.

Reference: FP 626: 1015. 


$


 Cotyledon stricta Diels


Cotyledon stricta Diels = Villadia dielsii Baehni & J. F. Macbride

Reference: FP 626: 1011. 


$


 Cotyledon virgata Diels


Cotyledon virgata Diels = Villadia virgata (Diels) Baehni & J. F. Macbride

Reference: FP 626: 1012. 


$


 Cotyledon weberbaueri Diels


Cotyledon weberbaueri Diels = Villadia weberbaueri (Diels) Baehni & J. F. Macbride

Reference: FP 626: 1012. 


$


 Couepia bernardii Prance



Couepia bernardii Prance

Reference: Prance, G. T., 1989: 65. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Bernardi 6-6* (NY), V&aacute;squez & Soto 11882 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Couepia bracteosa Benth.



Couepia bracteosa Benth.

Reference: Prance, G. T., 1972: 227. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 21130 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Couepia canomensis (Mart.) Benth.



Couepia canomensis (Mart.) Benth.

Synonyms: Couepia canomensis Mart.
Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1080; Prance, G. T., 1972: 220. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Note: Specimens cited in the Flora of Peru redetermined as C. parillo DC. by Prance (1972a), except for Tessmann 5109, which was not cited by Prance (1972a, 1989). 
Voucher: Martin & Plowman 1676 (US!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Couepia chrysocalyx (Poepp.) Benth. ex Hook. f.



Couepia chrysocalyx (Poepp.) Benth. ex Hook. f.

Synonyms: Couepia chrysocalyx Poepp.
Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1080; Prance, G. T., 1972: 245. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 2656 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Couepia dolicopoda Prance



Couepia dolicopoda Prance

Reference: Prance, G. T., 1989: 75. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Croat 19382* (MO!), Prance 29331 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Couepia glaucescens Spruce ex Hook. f.


Couepia glaucescens Spruce ex Hook. f. = Couepia paraensis subsp. glaucescens (Spruce ex Hook. f.) Prance

Reference: Prance, G. T., 1972: 212. 


$


 Couepia guianensis subsp.guianensis



Couepia guianensis subsp. guianensis 

Reference: Prance, G. T., 1972: 208; Prance, G. T., 1989: 64. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 10144 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Couepia macrophylla Spruce ex Hook. f.



Couepia macrophylla Spruce ex Hook. f.

Synonyms: Couepia macrophylla Pilg.
Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1081; Prance, G. T., 1972: 232; Prance, G. T., 1989: 72. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Spruce 4049* (K), Klug 2089 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Couepia obovata Ducke



Couepia obovata Ducke

Reference: Prance, G. T., 1972: 244. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez et al. 3997 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Pasco.


$


 Couepia paraensis (C. Martius & Zuccarini) Benth.



Couepia paraensis (C. Martius & Zuccarini) Benth.

Synonyms: Couepia paraensis C. Martius & Zuccarini
Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1081; Prance, G. T., 1972: 210. 
Note: The specimens cited in the Flora of Peru were treated under subsp. glaucescens in Prance (1972a). 


$


 Couepia paraensis subsp.glaucescens (Spruce ex Hook. f.) Prance



Couepia paraensis subsp. glaucescens (Spruce ex Hook. f.) Prance

Synonyms: Couepia paraensis glaucescens Spruce ex Hook. f.
Reference: Prance, G. T., 1972: 212. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Encarnaci&oacute;n 25037 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Couepia parillo DC.



Couepia parillo DC.

Reference: Prance, G. T., 1972: 218. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Croat 18200 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Couepia racemosa Benth. ex Hook. f.



Couepia racemosa Benth. ex Hook. f.

Synonyms: Couepia racemosa Pilg.
Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1081; Prance, G. T., 1972: 237. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 3762 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Couepia racemosa var. reticulata Pilg.


Couepia racemosa var. reticulata Pilg. = Couepia racemosa Benth. ex Hook. f.

Reference: FP 635: 1082; Prance, G. T., 1972: 238. 


$


 Couepia speciosa Pilg.


Couepia speciosa Pilg. = Couepia macrophylla Spruce ex Hook. f.

Reference: FP 635: 1081; Prance, G. T., 1972: 232. 


$


 Couepia subcordata Benth.



Couepia subcordata Benth.

Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1082; Prance, G. T., 1972: 227. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Note: The locality of the only specimen cited in the Flora of Peru, Williams 3173, is in present-day Colombia. 
Voucher: Ayala et al. 2888 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Couepia trapezioana Cuatrec.



Couepia trapezioana Cuatrec.

Reference: Prance, G. T., 1972: 246; Chuang, T. I. & L. R. Heckard, 1991: 75. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ramirez 87 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Couepia ulei Pilg.



Couepia ulei Pilg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1082; Prance, G. T., 1972: 250. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Fosberg 29203 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Ucayali.


$


 Couepia williamsii J.F. Macbr.



Couepia williamsii J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1082; Prance, G. T., 1972: 244. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Note: The locality of the only specimen cited in the Flora of Peru, Williams 2975, is in present-day Colombia.  is in present-day Colombia. 
Voucher: Williams 2975* (F), D&iacute;az et al. 397 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Pasco.


$


 Coulteria tinctoria Kunth


Coulteria tinctoria Kunth = Caesalpinia spinosa (Molina) Kuntze

Reference: FP 21: 195; Carrillo, F. E., 1974: 61. 


$


 Couma macrocarpa Barb. Rodr.



Couma macrocarpa Barb. Rodr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1343: 375; Spichiger, R., J. Meroz, P. Loizeau, & L. Stutz de Ortega, 1990: 413. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Balick et al. 996 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Pasco.


$


 Coumarouna alata (Vogel) Taub.


Coumarouna alata (Vogel) Taub. = Dipteryx alata Vogel

Reference: Lima, pers. comm.. 


$


 Coumarouna charapilla J.F. Macbr.


Coumarouna charapilla J.F. Macbr. = Dipteryx charapilla (J.F. Macbr.) Ducke

Reference: FP 21: 252; Ducke, A., 1949: 204. 


$


 Coumarouna ferrea Ducke


Coumarouna ferrea Ducke = Dipteryx ferrea (Ducke) Ducke

Reference: FP 21: 253; Ducke, A., 1949: 206. 
Note: NN  


$


 Coumarouna micrantha (Harms) Ducke


Coumarouna micrantha (Harms) Ducke = Dipteryx micrantha Harms

Reference: FP 21: 253; Ducke, A., 1949: 206. 


$


 Coumarouna odorata Aubl.


Coumarouna odorata Aubl. = Dipteryx odorata (Aubl.) Willd.

Reference: FP 21: 254; Duke, J. A., 1981: 79; Spichiger, R., J. Meroz, P. Loizeau & L. Stutz de Ortega, 1989: 319; Lima, pers. comm.. 


$


 Coumarouna oppositifolia (Aubl.) Taub.


Coumarouna oppositifolia (Aubl.) Taub. = Taralea oppositifolia Aubl.

Reference: FP 21: 250; Ducke, A., 1949: 165; H. C. Lima, pers. comm.. 


$


 Coumarouna rosea (Spruce ex Benth.) Taub.


Coumarouna rosea (Spruce ex Benth.) Taub. = Dipteryx rosea Spruce ex Benth.

Reference: Lima, pers. comm.. 


$


 Coupoui micrantha Ladbrook


Coupoui micrantha Ladbrook = Duroia micrantha (Ladbrook) Zarucchi & J.H. Kirkbr.

Reference: Zarucchi, J. L. & J. H. Kirkbride Jr., 1990: 851. 


$


 Couratari domestica Mart.



Couratari domestica Mart.

Reference: Flora Peru: 754: 239. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Couratari estrellensis Raddi



Couratari estrellensis Raddi

Reference: Flora Peru: 754: 239. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Couratari excelsa Casar



Couratari excelsa Casar

Reference: Flora Peru: 754: 239. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Couratari guianensis Aubl.



Couratari guianensis Aubl.

Reference: Mori, S. A. & G. T. Prance, 1990: 139. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & Smith 36010 (MO!), D&iacute;az & Ruiz 955 (MO)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco.


$


 Couratari macrosperma A.C. Sm.



Couratari macrosperma A.C. Sm.

Reference: Flora Peru: 754: 249. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Specimens cited in the Flora of Peru were collected in Rio Acre, Brazil.  


$


 Couratari oligantha A.C. Sm.



Couratari oligantha A.C. Sm.

Reference: Mori, S. A. & G. T. Prance, 1990: 154. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 21034 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Couratari tenuicarpa A.C. Sm.



Couratari tenuicarpa A.C. Sm.

Reference: Mori, S. A. & G. T. Prance, 1990: 156. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Note: Probably in Peru.  The only record of this taxon from Peru, Fox 95, was collected in the vicinity of El Encanto, Colombia, on the border. 
Voucher: Fox 95 (K)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Couroupita acreensis Knuth


Couroupita acreensis Knuth = Couroupita guianensis Aubl.

Reference: FP 754: 240; Mori, S. A. & G. T. Prance, 1990: 34. 


$


 Couroupita amazonica Knuth


Couroupita amazonica Knuth = Couroupita subsessilis Pilg.

Reference: FP 754: 240; Mori, S. A. & G. T. Prance, 1990: 92. 


$


 Couroupita guianensis Aubl.



Couroupita guianensis Aubl.

Synonyms: Couroupita guianensis Berg, Couroupita guianensis Knuth
Reference: Mori, S. A. & G. T. Prance, 1990: 95. 
Ecology: Cultivated tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: D&iacute;az et al. 933 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Couroupita peruviana Berg


Couroupita peruviana Berg = Couroupita guianensis Aubl.

Reference: FP 754: 241; Mori, S. A. & G. T. Prance, 1990: 95. 


$


 Couroupita subsessilis Pilg.



Couroupita subsessilis Pilg.

Synonyms: Couroupita subsessilis Knuth
Reference: Flora Peru: 754: 241; Mori, S. A. & G. T. Prance, 1990: 92. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Mexia 6502 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Coursetia boliviana Britton


Coursetia boliviana Britton = Apurimacia boliviana (Britton) Lavin

Reference: Lavin, M., 1987: 64; Lavin, M., 1988: 149. 


$


 Coursetia cajamarcana Lavin



Coursetia cajamarcana Lavin

Reference: Lavin, M., 1988: 87. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I: 1000-1500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: L&oacute;pez & Sag&aacute;stegui 3154* (US)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Coursetia caribaea (Jacq.) Lavin



Coursetia caribaea (Jacq.) Lavin

$


 Coursetia caribaea (Jacq.) Lavin var.caribaea



Coursetia caribaea (Jacq.) Lavin var. caribaea 

Synonyms: Coursetia caribaea caribaea (Benth.) J.F. Macbr., Coursetia caribaea caribaea (Jacq.) Benth., Coursetia caribaea caribaea (Jacq.) DC., Coursetia caribaea caribaea (Jacq.) Kuntze, Coursetia caribaea caribaea (Jacq.) Kuntze, Coursetia caribaea caribaea Benth., Coursetia caribaea caribaea Jacq.
Reference: Lavin, M., 1988: 116. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub, subshrub. Andean I: 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui & L&oacute;pez 10497 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Coursetia caribaea var.ochroleuca (Jacq.) Lavin



Coursetia caribaea var. ochroleuca (Jacq.) Lavin

Synonyms: Coursetia caribaea ochroleuca (Jacq.) Alefeld, Coursetia caribaea ochroleuca (Jacq.) Benth., Coursetia caribaea ochroleuca (Jacq.) J.F. Macbr., Coursetia caribaea ochroleuca (Jacq.) Pers., Coursetia caribaea ochroleuca Jacq., Coursetia caribaea var. ochroleuca (Jacq.) Kuntze
Reference: Lavin, M., 1988: 131. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Coastal: 0-1000 m. 
Note: Type specimen [not located] cultivated from seed of unknown origin; Lavin (1988) says "very likely from coastal Peru to Ecuador." 
Voucher: Llatas 386 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Coursetia eriantha Benth.


Coursetia eriantha Benth. = Coursetia orbicularis Benth.

Reference: FP 21: 387; Lavin, M., 1988: 68. 


$


 Coursetia fruticosa (Cav.) J.F. Macbr.



Coursetia fruticosa (Cav.) J.F. Macbr.

Synonyms: Coursetia fruticosa (Cav.) Pers., Coursetia fruticosa (Cav.) Willd., Coursetia fruticosa Cav., Coursetia fruticosa DC., Coursetia fruticosa Desf., Coursetia fruticosa Harms, Coursetia fruticosa J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 387; Lavin, M., 1988: 84. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MO), Vargas 698 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Coursetia glandulifera (Benth.) J.F. Macbr.


Coursetia glandulifera (Benth.) J.F. Macbr. = Coursetia caribaea (Jacq.) Lavin var. caribaea 

Reference: FP 21: 389; Lavin, M., 1988: 116. 


$


 Coursetia grandiflora Benth.



Coursetia grandiflora Benth.

Synonyms: Coursetia grandiflora Harms, Coursetia grandiflora Ulbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 388; Lavin, M., 1988: 146. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: 1500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 1576* (K), Dillon & Turner 1687 (TEX, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, La Libertad.


$


 Coursetia harmsii Ulbr.


Coursetia harmsii Ulbr. = Coursetia grandiflora Benth.

Reference: FP 21: 388; Lavin, M., 1988: 146. 


$


 Coursetia maraniona Lavin



Coursetia maraniona Lavin

Reference: Lavin, M., 1988: 88. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I: 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 15636* (US), L&oacute;pez et al. 4258 (US)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca.


$


 Coursetia ochroleuca (Jacq.) J.F. Macbr.


Coursetia ochroleuca (Jacq.) J.F. Macbr. = Coursetia caribaea var. ochroleuca (Jacq.) Lavin

Reference: FP 21: 389; Lavin, M., 1988: 131. 


$


 Coursetia orbicularis Benth.



Coursetia orbicularis Benth.

Synonyms: Coursetia orbicularis (Benth.) Hauman, Coursetia orbicularis (Benth.) Hauman, Coursetia orbicularis (Harms) Hauman, Coursetia orbicularis Baill., Coursetia orbicularis Benth., Coursetia orbicularis Harms
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 389; Lavin, M., 1988: 68. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Pearce s.n.* (K), Hutchison 1747 (UC)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Huancavelica.


$


 Coursetia orbicularis var. mantaroana Harms


Coursetia orbicularis var. mantaroana Harms = Coursetia orbicularis Benth.

Reference: FP 21: 389; Lavin, M., 1988: 68. 


$


 Coursetia perplexans J.F. Macbr.


Coursetia perplexans J.F. Macbr. = Coursetia fruticosa (Cav.) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 21: 387; Lavin, M., 1988: 84. 


$


 Coursetia tephrodes Harms


Coursetia tephrodes Harms = Coursetia grandiflora Benth.

Reference: FP 21: 390; Lavin, M., 1988: 147. 


$


 Coursetia tomentosa DC.


Coursetia tomentosa DC. = Coursetia fruticosa (Cav.) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 21: 387; Lavin, M., 1988: 43. 


$


 Coursetia tumbezensis J.F. Macbr.



Coursetia tumbezensis J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 390; Lavin, M., 1988: 148. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Coastal: 500-1000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 7647* (MO!)
Departments: Tumbes.


$


 Coursetia weberbaueri Harms



Coursetia weberbaueri Harms

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 390; Lavin, M., 1988: 142. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Coastal: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 1568* (MO!), Hutchison & Wright 7259 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Arequipa, Ica.


$


 Coussapoa acutifolia Klotzsch


Coussapoa acutifolia Klotzsch = Coussapoa ovalifolia Tr&eacute;cul

Reference: FP 1233: 296; Berg, C. C., R. W. A. P. Akkermans & E. C. H. van Heusden, 1990: 84. 


$


 Coussapoa asperifolia subsp.magnifolia (Tr&eacute;cul) Akkermans & C.C. Berg



Coussapoa asperifolia subsp. magnifolia (Tr&eacute;cul) Akkermans & C.C. Berg

Synonyms: Coussapoa asperifolia magnifolia Klotzsch, Coussapoa asperifolia magnifolia Tr&eacute;cul
Reference: Flora Peru: 1233: 296; Berg, C. C., R. W. A. P. Akkermans & E. C. H. van Heusden, 1990: 36. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 21319 (MO)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Coussapoa asperifolia subsp.rhamnoides (Standl.) Akkermans & C.C. Berg



Coussapoa asperifolia subsp. rhamnoides (Standl.) Akkermans & C.C. Berg

Synonyms: Coussapoa asperifolia rhamnoides Standl.
Reference: Berg, C. C., R. W. A. P. Akkermans & E. C. H. van Heusden, 1990: 38. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Croat 20370 (F)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Coussapoa asperifolia Tr&eacute;cul



Coussapoa asperifolia Tr&eacute;cul

$


 Coussapoa emarginata Killip ex J.F. Macbr.


Coussapoa emarginata Killip ex J.F. Macbr. = Pourouma minor Benoist

Reference: FP 1233: 296; Berg, C. C., R. W. A. P. Akkermans & E. C. H. van Heusden, 1990: 186. 


$


 Coussapoa grandiceps Killip


Coussapoa grandiceps Killip = Coussapoa villosa Poepp. & Endl.

Reference: FP 1233: 297; Berg, C. C., R. W. A. P. Akkermans & E. C. H. van Heusden, 1990: 99. 


$


 Coussapoa hirsuta Tr&eacute;cul


Coussapoa hirsuta Tr&eacute;cul = Coussapoa ovalifolia Tr&eacute;cul

Reference: FP 1233: 297; Berg, C. C., R. W. A. P. Akkermans & E. C. H. van Heusden, 1990: 84. 


$


 Coussapoa longepedunculata Akkermans & C.C. Berg



Coussapoa longepedunculata Akkermans & C.C. Berg

Reference: Berg, C. C., R. W. A. P. Akkermans & E. C. H. van Heusden, 1990: 63. 
Ecology: Native hemiepiphyte, tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 27566* (MO!), V&aacute;squez et al. 8600 (BG)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Coussapoa magnifolia Tr&eacute;cul


Coussapoa magnifolia Tr&eacute;cul = Coussapoa asperifolia subsp. magnifolia (Tr&eacute;cul) Akkermans & C.C. Berg

Reference: FP 1233: 297; Berg, C. C., R. W. A. P. Akkermans & E. C. H. van Heusden, 1990: 36. 


$


 Coussapoa manuensis C.C. Berg



Coussapoa manuensis C.C. Berg

Reference: Berg, C. C., R. W. A. P. Akkermans & E. C. H. van Heusden, 1990: 66. 
Ecology: Endemic hemiepiphyte, shrub, tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Foster 5641* (F)
Departments: Madre de Dios.


$


 Coussapoa nitida Miq.



Coussapoa nitida Miq.

Synonyms: Coussapoa nitida Standl.
Reference: Berg, C. C., R. W. A. P. Akkermans & E. C. H. van Heusden, 1990: 75. 
Ecology: Native hemiepiphyte, tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Croat 18850 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Coussapoa orthoneura Standl.



Coussapoa orthoneura Standl.

Reference: Berg, C. C., R. W. A. P. Akkermans & E. C. H. van Heusden, 1990: 80. 
Ecology: Native hemiepiphyte, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 18528 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto.


$


 Coussapoa ovalifolia Tr&eacute;cul



Coussapoa ovalifolia Tr&eacute;cul

Synonyms: Coussapoa ovalifolia Klotzsch, Coussapoa ovalifolia Klotzsch, Coussapoa ovalifolia Klotzsch, Coussapoa ovalifolia Tr&eacute;cul
Reference: Flora Peru: 1233: 298; Berg, C. C., R. W. A. P. Akkermans & E. C. H. van Heusden, 1990: 82. 
Ecology: Native hemiepiphyte, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (F), Berlin 1531 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Coussapoa parvifolia Standl.



Coussapoa parvifolia Standl.

Reference: Berg, C. C., R. W. A. P. Akkermans & E. C. H. van Heusden, 1990: 87. 
Ecology: Native hemiepiphyte, tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: van der Werff et al. 10148 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Coussapoa puberula Klotzsch


Coussapoa puberula Klotzsch = Coussapoa ovalifolia Tr&eacute;cul

Reference: FP 1233: 298; Berg, C. C., R. W. A. P. Akkermans & E. C. H. van Heusden, 1990: 84. 


$


 Coussapoa rhamnoides Standl.


Coussapoa rhamnoides Standl. = Coussapoa asperifolia subsp. rhamnoides (Standl.) Akkermans & C.C. Berg

Reference: Berg, C. C., R. W. A. P. Akkermans & E. C. H. van Heusden, 1990: 38. 


$


 Coussapoa ruizii Klotzsch


Coussapoa ruizii Klotzsch = Coussapoa asperifolia subsp. magnifolia (Tr&eacute;cul) Akkermans & C.C. Berg

Reference: FP 1233: 297; Berg, C. C., R. W. A. P. Akkermans & E. C. H. van Heusden, 1990: 36. 


$


 Coussapoa schunkei Standl.


Coussapoa schunkei Standl. = Coussapoa nitida Miq.

Reference: Berg, C. C., R. W. A. P. Akkermans & E. C. H. van Heusden, 1990: 75. 


$


 Coussapoa setosa Klotzsch


Coussapoa setosa Klotzsch = Coussapoa ovalifolia Tr&eacute;cul

Reference: FP 1233: 297; Berg, C. C., R. W. A. P. Akkermans & E. C. H. van Heusden, 1990: 84. 


$


 Coussapoa standleyi J.F. Macbr.


Coussapoa standleyi J.F. Macbr. = Coussapoa villosa Poepp. & Endl.

Reference: FP 1233: 298; Berg, C. C., R. W. A. P. Akkermans & E. C. H. van Heusden, 1990: 99. 


$


 Coussapoa tessmannii Mildbr.



Coussapoa tessmannii Mildbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1233: 298; Berg, C. C., R. W. A. P. Akkermans & E. C. H. van Heusden, 1990: 93. 
Ecology: Native hemiepiphyte, shrub, tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Tessmann 4673* (B), V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 13033 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Coussapoa trinervia Spruce ex Mildbr.



Coussapoa trinervia Spruce ex Mildbr.

Reference: Berg, C. C., R. W. A. P. Akkermans & E. C. H. van Heusden, 1990: 95. 
Ecology: Native hemiepiphyte, tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Croat 20411 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Coussapoa vellerea Klotzsch


Coussapoa vellerea Klotzsch = Coussapoa villosa Poepp. & Endl.

Reference: FP 1233: 299; Berg, C. C., R. W. A. P. Akkermans & E. C. H. van Heusden, 1990: 99. 


$


 Coussapoa villosa Poepp. & Endl.



Coussapoa villosa Poepp. & Endl.

Synonyms: Coussapoa villosa J.F. Macbr., Coussapoa villosa Killip, Coussapoa villosa Klotzsch
Reference: Flora Peru: 1233: 299; Berg, C. C., R. W. A. P. Akkermans & E. C. H. van Heusden, 1990: 99. 
Ecology: Native hemiepiphyte, shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (B), Grandez & Jaramillo 2059 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Coussarea auriculata Standl.



Coussarea auriculata Standl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 130. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Tessmann 4647* (F), Klug 2728 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Coussarea benensis Britton ex Standl.



Coussarea benensis Britton ex Standl.

Synonyms: Coussarea benensis (Britton ex Standl.) Steyerm.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 130; Steyermark, J. A., 1967: 365. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Included in the Flora of Peru as a synonym of C. brevicaulis. 


$


 Coussarea brevicaulis Krause



Coussarea brevicaulis Krause

Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 130; Steyermark, J. A., 1967: 364. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1000 m. 
Note: Probably synonymous with C. longiflora Muell. Arg., although Steyermark (1967) considers these distinct. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez et al. 4682 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Pasco.


$


 Coussarea bryoxenos Schumann & Krause


Coussarea bryoxenos Schumann & Krause = Faramea quinqueflora Poepp. & Endl.

Reference: FP 1365: 142. 


$


 Coussarea flava Poepp.



Coussarea flava Poepp.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 131. 
Ecology. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (W photo F!), Schunke 7759 (MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Coussarea hirticalyx Standl.



Coussarea hirticalyx Standl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 131; Steyermark, J. A., 1967: 363. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Williams 2528* (F), Torres 344 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Coussarea hydrangaefolia (Benth.) Benth. & Hook. f.



Coussarea hydrangaefolia (Benth.) Benth. & Hook. f.

Synonyms: Coussarea hydrangaefolia Benth.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 131; Standley, P. C., 1931: 297. 
Note: Not known from Peru.    Included in the Flora of Peru based on a misidentified specimen of C. paniculata. 


$


 Coussarea klugii Steyerm.



Coussarea klugii Steyerm.

Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1967: 363. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Note: Perhaps a synonym of C. benensis; treated by Steyermark (1967) as variety of C. longiflora (C. Martius) Muell. Arg. 
Voucher: Klug 2362* (F), V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 2721 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Coussarea liliiflora Standl.



Coussarea liliiflora Standl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 131. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   Based on the description; perhaps synonymous with C. klugii or C. benensis. 
Voucher: Tessmann 4621* (F)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Coussarea longiacuminata Standl.



Coussarea longiacuminata Standl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 132. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   Based on description and collection elevation (2400 m), probably a Faramea or Palicourea. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6117* (F)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Coussarea longiflora var. benensis (Britton ex Standl.) Steyerm.


Coussarea longiflora var. benensis (Britton ex Standl.) Steyerm. = Coussarea benensis Britton ex Standl.

Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1967: 365. 
Note: NN  


$


 Coussarea macrantha Standl.



Coussarea macrantha Standl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 132. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: 0-2000 m. 
Note: Probably a synonym of C. macrophylla Muell. Arg. 
Voucher: Klug 2070* (MO!), Kayap 18 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Coussarea megalocarpa Standl.



Coussarea megalocarpa Standl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 132. 
Ecology. 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Williams 8171* (F), Schunke 7381 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Coussarea obliqua Standl.



Coussarea obliqua Standl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 133. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Klug 1987* (MO!), Mexia 8281 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto.


$


 Coussarea ovalis Standl.


Coussarea ovalis Standl. = Coussarea paniculata (Vahl) Standl.

Reference: FP 1365: 133. 


$


 Coussarea paniculata (Vahl) Standl.



Coussarea paniculata (Vahl) Standl.

Synonyms: Coussarea paniculata M. Vahl hom. illeg., Coussarea paniculata Rusby, Coussarea paniculata Standl., Coussarea paniculata Vahl
Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 926. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 5562 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Coussarea racemosa A. Rich.



Coussarea racemosa A. Rich.

Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1967: 369. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Huashikat 1329 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Coussarea regnelliana M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Coussarea regnelliana M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: Mueller, J., 1875: 466. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 6237 (LA at MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Coussarea rudgeoides Rusby


Coussarea rudgeoides Rusby = Coussarea paniculata (Vahl) Standl.

Reference: FP 1365: 133; Standley, P. C., 1931: 297. 


$


 Coussarea sessilifolia Standl.



Coussarea sessilifolia Standl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 134. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Note: No material seen. This might be a Faramea. 
Voucher: Williams 5084* (F), Williams 5201 (F)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Coussarea tenuiflora Standl.



Coussarea tenuiflora Standl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 134. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Spruce 4422* (GH photo MO!), Tunqui 76 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Coussarea tortilis Standl.



Coussarea tortilis Standl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 134. 
Ecology: Native liana, shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Klug 2700* (MO!), Pariona & Sebasti&aacute;n 54 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Coussarea tricephala Standl.



Coussarea tricephala Standl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 135. 
Ecology: Native shrub. . 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   Based on the description, perhaps conspecific with C. obliqua. 
Voucher: Williams 6533* (F)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Coutarea hexandra (Jacq.) K. Schum.



Coutarea hexandra (Jacq.) K. Schum.

Synonyms: Coutarea hexandra Andre, Coutarea hexandra Aubl., Coutarea hexandra Jacq., Coutarea hexandra Pav. ex A. DC., Coutarea hexandra Pohl, Coutarea hexandra Schumann
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 54; Standley, P. C., 1930: 24. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: N&uacute;&ntilde;ez et al. 9753 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Coutarea hexandra var. tarapotensis Schumann


Coutarea hexandra var. tarapotensis Schumann = Coutarea hexandra (Jacq.) K. Schum.

Reference: FP 1365: 54. 


$


 Coutarea pubescens Pohl


Coutarea pubescens Pohl = Coutarea hexandra (Jacq.) K. Schum.

Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 208. 


$


 Coutarea scherffiana Andre


Coutarea scherffiana Andre = Coutarea hexandra (Jacq.) K. Schum.

Reference: Standley, P. C., 1930: 24. 


$


 Coutarea speciosa Aubl.


Coutarea speciosa Aubl. = Coutarea hexandra (Jacq.) K. Schum.

Reference: FP 1365: 54; Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 208. 


$


 Coutoubea ramosa Aubl.



Coutoubea ramosa Aubl.

$


 Coutoubea ramosa var.ramosa



Coutoubea ramosa var. ramosa 

Reference: Guimar&atilde;es, E. F. & V. L. G. Klein, 1985: 31. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Croat 20178 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Coutoubea spicata Aubl.



Coutoubea spicata Aubl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1342: 274; Guimar&atilde;es, E. F. & V. L. G. Klein, 1985: 26. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ule 6420 (HBG)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Covillea divaricata (Cav.) Vail


Covillea divaricata (Cav.) Vail = Larrea divaricata Cav.

Reference: FP 653: 654. 


$


 Cracca caribaea (Jacq.) Benth.


Cracca caribaea (Jacq.) Benth. = Coursetia caribaea (Jacq.) Lavin var. caribaea 

Reference: Lavin, M., 1988: 112. 


$


 Cracca cinerea (L.) Morong


Cracca cinerea (L.) Morong = Tephrosia cinerea (L.) Pers.

Reference: FP 21: 382; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 238. 


$


 Cracca ochroleuca (Jacq.) Benth.


Cracca ochroleuca (Jacq.) Benth. = Coursetia caribaea var. ochroleuca (Jacq.) Lavin

Reference: FP 21: 389; Lavin, M., 1988: 131. 


$


 Cracca poliophylla Harms


Cracca poliophylla Harms = Coursetia fruticosa (Cav.) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 21: 387; Lavin, M., 1988: 84. 


$


 Cracca toxicaria (Sw.) Kuntze


Cracca toxicaria (Sw.) Kuntze = Tephrosia sinapou (Buc'hoz) A. Chev.

Reference: White, P. S., 1980: 781. 


$


 Cranichis alfredii Schltr.


Cranichis alfredii Schltr. = Cranichis diphylla Sw.

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cranichis aphylla Sw.


Cranichis aphylla Sw. = Wullschlaegelia aphylla (Sw.) Rchb. f.

Reference: Garay, L. A., 1978: 230. 


$


 Cranichis atrata Schltr.


Cranichis atrata Schltr. = Cranichis ciliata (Kunth) Kunth

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cranichis brandei Schltr.


Cranichis brandei Schltr. = Cranichis muscosa Sw.

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cranichis calva (Kraenzlin) Schltr.



Cranichis calva (Kraenzlin) Schltr.

Synonyms: Cranichis calva Kraenzl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 111; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. Andean II: 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 6314* 
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Piura.


$


 Cranichis calva var. vargasii C. Schweinf.


Cranichis calva var. vargasii C. Schweinf. = Cranichis polyantha Schltr.

Reference: FP 1438: 112; Garay, L. A., 1978: 203; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: NN  


$


 Cranichis ciliata (Kunth) Kunth



Cranichis ciliata (Kunth) Kunth

Synonyms: Cranichis ciliata Kunth, Cranichis ciliata Schltr., Cranichis ciliata Schltr., Cranichis ciliata Schltr., Cranichis ciliata Schltr., Cranichis ciliata Schltr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 112; Garay, L. A., 1978: 191; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: 1000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 5316 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Cranichis costaricensis Schltr.


Cranichis costaricensis Schltr. = Cranichis wageneri Rchb. f.

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cranichis cylindrostachys Schltr.


Cranichis cylindrostachys Schltr. = Cranichis lehmannii Rchb. f.

Reference: Garay, L. A., 1978: 194; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cranichis diphylla Sw.



Cranichis diphylla Sw.

Synonyms: Cranichis diphylla Lindl., Cranichis diphylla Schltr., Cranichis diphylla Schltr., Cranichis diphylla Schltr., Cranichis diphylla Schltr., Cranichis diphylla Schltr., Cranichis diphylla Schltr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1510: 4; Garay, L. A., 1978: 192; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Cranichis fertilis (Lehmann & Kraenzlin) Schltr.



Cranichis fertilis (Lehmann & Kraenzlin) Schltr.

Synonyms: Cranichis fertilis C. Presl, Cranichis fertilis Lehmann & Kraenzlin, Cranichis fertilis Schltr.
Reference: Garay, L. A., 1978: 196; Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 35. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 9393 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco.


$


 Cranichis foliosa Lindl.


Cranichis foliosa Lindl. = Cranichis multiflora (Poeppig & Endlicher) Cogn.

Reference: FP 1438: 115. 


$


 Cranichis guatemalensis Schltr.


Cranichis guatemalensis Schltr. = Cranichis diphylla Sw.

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cranichis koehleri Schltr.


Cranichis koehleri Schltr. = Cranichis fertilis (Lehmann & Kraenzlin) Schltr.

Reference: FP 1438: 115; Garay, L. A., 1978: 196. 


$


 Cranichis lehmannii Rchb. f.



Cranichis lehmannii Rchb. f.

Synonyms: Cranichis lehmannii Schltr.
Reference: Garay, L. A., 1978: 199; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: 1500-2500 m. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Cranichis longipetiolata C. Schweinf.



Cranichis longipetiolata C. Schweinf.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 113; Garay, L. A., 1978: 200; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Andean I-II: 1000-2000 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 3120* (AMES)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Cranichis longiscapa Kraenzl.


Cranichis longiscapa Kraenzl. = Gomphichis longiscapa (Kraenzlin) Schltr.

Reference: FP 1438: 80. 


$


 Cranichis luteola Sw.


Cranichis luteola Sw. = Polystachya concreta (Jacq.) Garay & H.R. Sweet

Reference: FP 1473: 558. 


$


 Cranichis mandonii Schltr.


Cranichis mandonii Schltr. = Cranichis ciliata (Kunth) Kunth

Reference: FP 1438: 112; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cranichis monophylla Lindl.


Cranichis monophylla Lindl. = Cranichis diphylla Sw.

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cranichis multiflora (Poeppig & Endlicher) Cogn.



Cranichis multiflora (Poeppig & Endlicher) Cogn.

Synonyms: Cranichis multiflora Lindl., Cranichis multiflora Poepp. & Endl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 115; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Cranichis muscosa Sw.



Cranichis muscosa Sw.

Synonyms: Cranichis muscosa Schltr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 115; Garay, L. A., 1978: 202; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: 1000-1500 m. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Cranichis nigrescens Schltr.


Cranichis nigrescens Schltr. = Cranichis diphylla Sw.

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cranichis oligantha Sw.


Cranichis oligantha Sw. = Prescottia oligantha (Sw.) Lindl.

Reference: FP 1510: 4; Garay, L. A., 1978: 175. 


$


 Cranichis ovatilabia Schltr.


Cranichis ovatilabia Schltr. = Cranichis diphylla Sw.

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cranichis pilosa Fawc. & Rendle


Cranichis pilosa Fawc. & Rendle = Cranichis wageneri Rchb. f.

Reference: FP 1438: 116; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cranichis pittierii Schltr.


Cranichis pittierii Schltr. = Cranichis diphylla Sw.

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cranichis pleioneura Schltr.


Cranichis pleioneura Schltr. = Cranichis ciliata (Kunth) Kunth

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cranichis polyantha Schltr.



Cranichis polyantha Schltr.

Synonyms: Cranichis polyantha C. Schweinf., Cranichis polyantha Renz
Reference: Garay, L. A., 1978: 203; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Cranichis polyantha var. caquetae|2nsis Renz


Cranichis polyantha var. caquetae|2nsis Renz = Cranichis polyantha Schltr.

Reference: Garay, L. A., 1978: 203; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: NN  


$


 Cranichis polyblephara Schltr.


Cranichis polyblephara Schltr. = Cranichis ciliata (Kunth) Kunth

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cranichis pycnantha Schltr.



Cranichis pycnantha Schltr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 115; 1510: 5; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison et al. 6013 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Cranichis sororia Schltr.


Cranichis sororia Schltr. = Cranichis ciliata (Kunth) Kunth

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cranichis stachyodes Sw.


Cranichis stachyodes Sw. = Prescottia stachyodes (Sw.) Lindl.

Reference: FP 1438: 104; Garay, L. A., 1978: 177. 


$


 Cranichis stictophylla Schltr.


Cranichis stictophylla Schltr. = Cranichis diphylla Sw.

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cranichis subcordata Schltr.


Cranichis subcordata Schltr. = Cranichis wageneri Rchb. f.

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cranichis viereckii Ames


Cranichis viereckii Ames = Cranichis wageneri Rchb. f.

Reference: FP 1438: 117; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cranichis wageneri Rchb. f.



Cranichis wageneri Rchb. f.

Synonyms: Cranichis wageneri Ames, Cranichis wageneri Fawc. & Rendle, Cranichis wageneri Schltr., Cranichis wageneri Schltr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 116; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Crantzia circinnata (Mart.) Fritsch


Crantzia circinnata (Mart.) Fritsch = Drymonia coccinea (Aublet) Wiehler

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1973: 324. 


$


 Crantzia coccinea (Aubl.) Fritsch


Crantzia coccinea (Aubl.) Fritsch = Drymonia coccinea (Aublet) Wiehler

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1973: 325. 


$


 Crantzia corymbosa (Klotzsch ex Hanst.) Fritsch


Crantzia corymbosa (Klotzsch ex Hanst.) Fritsch = Corytoplectus speciosus (Poepp.) Wiehler

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1973: 313. 


$


 Crantzia ichthyoderma (Hanstein) Fritsch


Crantzia ichthyoderma (Hanstein) Fritsch = Alloplectus ichthyoderma Hanst.

$


 Crantzia lineata Nuttall sensu Gay


Crantzia lineata Nuttall sensu Gay = Lilaeopsis andina A.W. Hill

Reference: FP 1293: 77; Affolter, J. M., 1985: 89. 


$


 Crantzia lineata var. subulata Wedd.


Crantzia lineata var. subulata Wedd. = Lilaeopsis andina A.W. Hill

Reference: FP 1293: 77; Affolter, J. M., 1985: 89. 


$


 Crantzia macloviana Gand.


Crantzia macloviana Gand. = Lilaeopsis macloviana (Gand.) A.W. Hill

Reference: Affolter, J. M., 1985: 89. 


$


 Crantzia ovata Vell.


Crantzia ovata Vell. = Centratherum punctatum Cass.

Reference: FP 1416: 59. 


$


 Crantzia patrisii (DC.) Fritsch


Crantzia patrisii (DC.) Fritsch = Drymonia coccinea (Aublet) Wiehler

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1973: 325. 


$


 Crantzia pendula (Poeppig) Fritsch


Crantzia pendula (Poeppig) Fritsch = Drymonia pendula (Poepp.) Wiehler

$


 Crantzia pseudocordata Cuatrec.


Crantzia pseudocordata Cuatrec. = Drymonia semicordata (Poepp.) Wiehler

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1973: 326. 


$


 Crantzia semicordata (Poepp.) Fritsch


Crantzia semicordata (Poepp.) Fritsch = Drymonia semicordata (Poepp.) Wiehler

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1973: 326. 


$


 Crantzia speciosa (Poepp.) Fritsch


Crantzia speciosa (Poepp.) Fritsch = Corytoplectus speciosus (Poepp.) Wiehler

Reference: Wiehler, H., 1973: 313. 


$


 Crantzia varelana Cuatrec.


Crantzia varelana Cuatrec. = Alloplectus ichthyoderma Hanst.

$


 Crantzia vittata (Linden & Andre) Rech.


Crantzia vittata (Linden & Andre) Rech. = Corytoplectus speciosus (Poepp.) Wiehler

$


 Crassula bonariensis (DC.) Cambess. nom. illeg.


Crassula bonariensis (DC.) Cambess. nom. illeg. = Crassula peduncularis (Smith) Meigen

$


 Crassula caudiculata Bacigalupo & Rossow


Crassula caudiculata Bacigalupo & Rossow = Crassula peduncularis (Smith) Meigen

$


 Crassula closiana (Gay) Reiche



Crassula closiana (Gay) Reiche

Synonyms: Crassula closiana Gay, Crassula closiana Steyerm.
Reference: Flora Peru: 626: 1009; Bywater, M. & G. E. Wickens, 1984: 722. 
Ecology. 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 5971* (F)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Lima.


$


 Crassula connata (Ruiz & Pav.) Berger



Crassula connata (Ruiz & Pav.) Berger

Synonyms: Crassula connata Kunth, Crassula connata Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 626: 1008; Bywater, M. & G. E. Wickens, 1984: 722. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-III: 0-4500 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 13403 (F!), Sag&aacute;stegui 12740 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Puno.


$


 Crassula macbridei Steyerm.


Crassula macbridei Steyerm. = Crassula closiana (Gay) Reiche

Reference: FP 626: 1009. 


$


 Crassula peduncularis (Smith) Meigen



Crassula peduncularis (Smith) Meigen

Synonyms: Crassula peduncularis (DC.) Cambess. nom. illeg., Crassula peduncularis Bacigalupo & Rossow, Crassula peduncularis Schldl. in Lechl., Crassula peduncularis Smith
Reference: Bywater, M. & G. E. Wickens, 1984: 714. 
Ecology: Native aquatic or terrestrial herb. Andean II-III: 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 6693 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Crassula venezuelensis (Steyerm.) Bywater & Wickens



Crassula venezuelensis (Steyerm.) Bywater & Wickens

Synonyms: Crassula venezuelensis Steyerm.
Reference: Bywater, M. & G. E. Wickens, 1984: 710. 
Ecology: Native aquatic herb. Andean II-III: 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: N&uacute;&ntilde;ez & Vargas 9248 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Crasula scutellaria Burm. f.


Crasula scutellaria Burm. f. = Polyscias scutellaria (Burm. f.) Fosberg

Reference: Lowry II, P. P., J. S. Miller & D. G. Frodin, 1989: 8. 


$


 Crataegus escalloniifolia Schltdl.


Crataegus escalloniifolia Schltdl. = Hesperomeles escalloniifolia (Schlechtendal) C. Schneider

Reference: FP 635: 1066. 


$


 Crataegus ferruginea Pers.


Crataegus ferruginea Pers. = Hesperomeles lanuginosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Hook.

Reference: FP 635: 1067. 


$


 Crataegus mexicana Mocino & Sesse



Crataegus mexicana Mocino & Sesse

Synonyms: Crataegus mexicana (Kunth) Steud., Crataegus mexicana (Kunth) Steud., Crataegus mexicana Kunth, Crataegus mexicana Kunth
Reference: Calderon de Rzedowski, G., 1979: 267; Phipps, J. B., K. R. Robertson, & P. G. Smith, 1990: 2220. 
Ecology: Cultivated tree. Andean II-III: 3000-4000 m. 
Voucher: West 3773 (MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Crataegus obtusifolia Pers.


Crataegus obtusifolia Pers. = Hesperomeles heterophylla (Ruiz & Pav.) Hook.

Reference: FP 635: 1067. 


$


 Crataegus pubescens (Kunth) Steud.


Crataegus pubescens (Kunth) Steud. = Crataegus mexicana Mocino & Sesse

Reference: Calderon de Rzedowski, G., 1979: 267; Phipps, J. B., K. R. Robertson, & P. G. Smith, 1990: 2220. 


$


 Crataegus stipulosa (Kunth) Steud.


Crataegus stipulosa (Kunth) Steud. = Crataegus mexicana Mocino & Sesse

Reference: Calderon de Rzedowski, G., 1979: 267. 


$


 Crateva benthamii Eichler


Crateva benthamii Eichler = Crateva tapia L.

Reference: FP 617: 1005; Woodson Jr., R. E. & Schery, R. W., 1948: 86. 


$


 Crateva gorarema Vell.


Crateva gorarema Vell. = ?  

Reference: FP 1261: 557. 


$


 Crateva radiatiflora DC.


Crateva radiatiflora DC. = Crateva tapia L.

Reference: FP 617: 1006; Woodson Jr., R. E. & Schery, R. W., 1948: 86. 


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 Crateva tapia L.



Crateva tapia L.

Synonyms: Crateva tapia DC., Crateva tapia Eichler
Reference: Woodson Jr., R. E. & Schery, R. W., 1948: 86. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree, treelet. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Revilla 785 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.


$


 Cratylia argentea (Desv.) Kuntze



Cratylia argentea (Desv.) Kuntze

Synonyms: Cratylia argentea (J.F. Macbr.) J.F. Macbr., Cratylia argentea (Rusby) Harms, Cratylia argentea Benth., Cratylia argentea Desv., Cratylia argentea J.F. Macbr., Cratylia argentea Rusby
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 324; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 261. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 4049 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cratylia dichrona J.F. Macbr.


Cratylia dichrona J.F. Macbr. = Cratylia argentea (Desv.) Kuntze

Reference: FP 21: 324; Lewis, pers. comm.. 


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 Cratylia floribunda Benth.


Cratylia floribunda Benth. = Cratylia argentea (Desv.) Kuntze

Reference: FP 21: 324; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 261. 


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 Cratylia floribunda var. intermedia Hassl.


Cratylia floribunda var. intermedia Hassl. = ?  

Reference: FP 21: 324. 


$


 Cratylia floribunda var. nuda (Tul.) Hassl.


Cratylia floribunda var. nuda (Tul.) Hassl. = Cratylia hypargyraea C. Martius ex Benth.

Reference: FP 21: 324; Lewis, pers. comm.. 


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 Cratylia hypargyraea C. Martius ex Benth.



Cratylia hypargyraea C. Martius ex Benth.

Synonyms: Cratylia hypargyraea (Tul.) Hassl., Cratylia hypargyraea (Tul.) J.F. Macbr., Cratylia hypargyraea Tul.
Reference: Lewis, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Cratylia mollis C. Martius ex Benth.



Cratylia mollis C. Martius ex Benth.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 324; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 261. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Treated under Dioclea dichrona [non D. mollis (Jacquin) DC.] in the Flora of Peru. 


$


 Cratylia nuda Tul.


Cratylia nuda Tul. = Cratylia hypargyraea C. Martius ex Benth.

Reference: FP 21: 324; Lewis, pers. comm.. 
Note: NN  


$


 Cratylia pauciflora (Rusby) Harms


Cratylia pauciflora (Rusby) Harms = Cratylia argentea (Desv.) Kuntze

Reference: FP 21: 324. 
Note: Treated under Dioclea argentea in the Flora of Peru.  


$


 Creatantha peruviana Standl.


Creatantha peruviana Standl. = Isertia laevis (Triana) B.M. Boom

Reference: FP 1365: 78; Boom, B. M., 1984: 434. 


$


 Cremanium caeruleum D. Don


Cremanium caeruleum D. Don = Miconia caerulea subsp. caerulea 

Reference: FP 761: 392. 


$


 Cremanium calophyllum D. Don


Cremanium calophyllum D. Don = Miconia calophylla (D. Don) Triana

Reference: FP 761: 392. 


$


 Cremanium clathranthum Mart. ex Triana in syn.


Cremanium clathranthum Mart. ex Triana in syn. = Miconia clathrantha Triana & Cogn.

Reference: FP 761: 399. 


$


 Cremanium coeleste D. Don in syn.


Cremanium coeleste D. Don in syn. = Miconia coelestis Pav. ex Naud.

Reference: FP 761: 399. 


$


 Cremanium hispidissimum DC.


Cremanium hispidissimum DC. = Miconia sanguinea (Don,D.) Triana

Reference: FP 761: 450. 


$


 Cremanium latifolium D. Don


Cremanium latifolium D. Don = Miconia latifolia (D. Don) Naudin

Reference: FP 761: 422; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 274. 


$


 Cremanium laurinum D. Don


Cremanium laurinum D. Don = Miconia laurina (D. Don) Naudin

Reference: FP 761: 423. 


$


 Cremanium medium D. Don


Cremanium medium D. Don = Miconia media subsp. media 

Reference: FP 761: 428. 


$


 Cremanium nitidum D. Don


Cremanium nitidum D. Don = Miconia nitida (D. Don) Naudin

Reference: FP 761: 435. 


$


 Cremanium pulverulenta (R. & P.) D. Don ex Triana


Cremanium pulverulenta (R. & P.) D. Don ex Triana = Miconia pulverulenta Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 761: 444. 


$


 Cremanium rotundifolium D. Don


Cremanium rotundifolium D. Don = Miconia rotundifolia (D. Don) Naudin

Reference: FP 761: 448. 


$


 Cremanium serrulatum D. Don


Cremanium serrulatum D. Don = Miconia galactantha Naudin

Reference: FP 761: 413. 


$


 Cremanium thyrsiflorum D. Don


Cremanium thyrsiflorum D. Don = Miconia thyrsiflora (D. Don) Naudin

Reference: FP 761: 459; Wurdack, J. J., 1971: 360. 


$


 Cremanium thyrsoideum D. Don


Cremanium thyrsoideum D. Don = ?  

Reference: FP 761: 459. 


$


 Cremanium tinctorium DC.


Cremanium tinctorium DC. = Miconia media subsp. media 

Reference: FP 761: 428. 


$


 Cremanium vaccinioides (Bonpl.) D. Don


Cremanium vaccinioides (Bonpl.) D. Don = Miconia vaccinioides (Bonpl.) Naudin

Reference: FP 761: 462. 


$


 Cremastosperma cauliflorum R.E. Fr.



Cremastosperma cauliflorum R.E. Fr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1277: 726. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 902* (B), Maas et al. 6281 (MO!, MOL!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Cremastosperma gracilipes R.E. Fr.



Cremastosperma gracilipes R.E. Fr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1277: 724. 
Ecology: shrub, tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Tessmann 4748* (B), Gentry et al. 21928 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Cremastosperma killipii R.E. Fr.



Cremastosperma killipii R.E. Fr.

$


 Cremastosperma leiophyllum R.E. Fr.



Cremastosperma leiophyllum R.E. Fr.

Reference: Maas, P. J. M., E. A. Mennega & L. Y. Th. Westra, 1987: 38. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Foster 2512 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Cremastosperma longicuspe R.E. Fr.



Cremastosperma longicuspe R.E. Fr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1277: 725. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (W)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Cremastosperma megalophyllum R.E. Fr.



Cremastosperma megalophyllum R.E. Fr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1277: 725. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Ducke RB 19620* (S)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Cremastosperma microcarpum R.E. Fr.



Cremastosperma microcarpum R.E. Fr.

Reference: Maas, P. J. M., E. A. Mennega & L. Y. Th. Westra, 1987: 38. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 32153 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Cremastosperma oblongum R.E. Fr.



Cremastosperma oblongum R.E. Fr.

$


 Cremastosperma pedunculatum (Diels) R.E. Fr.



Cremastosperma pedunculatum (Diels) R.E. Fr.

Synonyms: Cremastosperma pedunculatum (Diels) J.F. Macbr., Cremastosperma pedunculatum Diels, Cremastosperma pedunculatum J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1277: 724. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4558* (MOL), Croat  19991 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cremastosperma pendulum (R. & P.) R.E. Fr.



Cremastosperma pendulum (R. & P.) R.E. Fr.

Synonyms: Cremastosperma pendulum Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1277: 724. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I: 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (G), Schunke 7251 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cremastosperma peruvianum R.E. Fr.



Cremastosperma peruvianum R.E. Fr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1277: 726. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Tessmann 4176* (B)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Cremastosperma polyphlebum (Diels) R.E. Fr.


Cremastosperma polyphlebum (Diels) R.E. Fr. = Pseudoxandra polyphleba (Diels) R.E. Fr.

Reference: FP 1277: 723. 


$


 Cremastosperma williamsii R.E. Fr.


Cremastosperma williamsii R.E. Fr. = Pseudoxandra williamsii (R. E. Fries) R.E. Fr.

Reference: FP 1277: 722. 


$


 Cremolobus aphanopterus A. Gray


Cremolobus aphanopterus A. Gray = Cremolobus chilensis (Lag. ex DC.) DC.

Reference: FP 614: 941; Khanna, K. R. & R. C. Rollins, 1965: 148. 


$


 Cremolobus benoistii J.F. Macbr.


Cremolobus benoistii J.F. Macbr. = Cremolobus chilensis (Lag. ex DC.) DC.

Reference: FP 614: 941; Khanna, K. R. & R. C. Rollins, 1965: 149. 


$


 Cremolobus chilensis (Lag. ex DC.) DC.



Cremolobus chilensis (Lag. ex DC.) DC.

Synonyms: Cremolobus chilensis A. Gray, Cremolobus chilensis A. Gray, Cremolobus chilensis Hook, Cremolobus chilensis Hook., Cremolobus chilensis J.F. Macbr., Cremolobus chilensis Lag. ex DC., Cremolobus chilensis Muschl., Cremolobus chilensis Muschl., Cremolobus chilensis O.E. Schulz ex Macbr., Cremolobus chilensis Wedd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 614: 943; Khanna, K. R. & R. C. Rollins, 1965: 148. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-III, Coastal: 0-4500 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui & Mostacero 9102 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Lima, La Libertad, Moquegua.


$


 Cremolobus humilis Muschl.


Cremolobus humilis Muschl. = Cremolobus chilensis (Lag. ex DC.) DC.

Reference: FP 614: 942; Khanna, K. R. & R. C. Rollins, 1965: 148. 


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 Cremolobus parviflorus Wedd.


Cremolobus parviflorus Wedd. = Cremolobus chilensis (Lag. ex DC.) DC.

Reference: FP 614: 942; Khanna, K. R. & R. C. Rollins, 1965: 148. 


$


 Cremolobus paysonii O.E. Schulz ex Macbr.


Cremolobus paysonii O.E. Schulz ex Macbr. = Cremolobus chilensis (Lag. ex DC.) DC.

Reference: FP 614: 942; Khanna, K. R. & R. C. Rollins, 1965: 149. 


$


 Cremolobus peruvianus (Lam.) DC.



Cremolobus peruvianus (Lam.) DC.

Synonyms: Cremolobus peruvianus Hook, Cremolobus peruvianus Lam.
Reference: Flora Peru: 614: 943; Khanna, K. R. & R. C. Rollins, 1965: 145. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Jussieu s.n.* (frag. F), Weberbauer 6673 (F)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Cremolobus pinnatifidus Hook.


Cremolobus pinnatifidus Hook. = Cremolobus chilensis (Lag. ex DC.) DC.

Reference: FP 614: 943; Khanna, K. R. & R. C. Rollins, 1965: 148. 


$


 Cremolobus pinnatifidus var. integrifolius A. Gray


Cremolobus pinnatifidus var. integrifolius A. Gray = Cremolobus chilensis (Lag. ex DC.) DC.

Reference: FP 614: 942; Khanna, K. R. & R. C. Rollins, 1965: 148. 


$


 Cremolobus pubescens Hook


Cremolobus pubescens Hook = Cremolobus peruvianus (Lam.) DC.

Reference: FP 614: 943; Khanna, K. R. & R. C. Rollins, 1965: 145. 


$


 Cremolobus rhomboideus Hook.



Cremolobus rhomboideus Hook.

Synonyms: Cremolobus rhomboideus (Hook.) Muschl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 614: 944; Khanna, K. R. & R. C. Rollins, 1965: 155. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 1061* (K), Weberbauer 7296 (US)
Departments: Ancash, Lima, Moquegua.


$


 Cremolobus sinuatus Hook


Cremolobus sinuatus Hook = Cremolobus chilensis (Lag. ex DC.) DC.

Reference: FP 614: 943; Khanna, K. R. & R. C. Rollins, 1965: 148. 


$


 Cremolobus stenophylla Muschl.



Cremolobus stenophylla Muschl.

Synonyms: Cremolobus stenophylla (Muschl.) O.E. Schulz
Reference: Flora Peru: 614: 940; Khanna, K. R. & R. C. Rollins, 1965: 153. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 5335* (F), Rose 19479 (US)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Cremolobus subscandens Kuntze



Cremolobus subscandens Kuntze

Reference: Flora Peru: 614: 943; Khanna, K. R. & R. C. Rollins, 1965: 144. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Cremolobus suffruticosus (DC.) D.C.



Cremolobus suffruticosus (DC.) D.C.

Synonyms: Cremolobus suffruticosus DC.
Reference: Flora Peru: 614: 944; Khanna, K. R. & R. C. Rollins, 1965: 147. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. . 
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (frag. F), Cerrate 2216 (GH)
Departments: Ancash.


$


 Cremolobus weberbaueri Muschl.


Cremolobus weberbaueri Muschl. = Cremolobus chilensis (Lag. ex DC.) DC.

Reference: FP 614: 944; Khanna, K. R. & R. C. Rollins, 1965: 149. 


$


 Cremophyllum spathulatum Scheidweiler


Cremophyllum spathulatum Scheidweiler = Dalechampia spathulata (Scheidweiler) Baill.

Reference: FP 674: 103. 


$


 Cremosperma minutiflorum (L.E. Skog) Wiehler


Cremosperma minutiflorum (L.E. Skog) Wiehler = Reldia minutiflora (L.E. Skog) L.P. Kvist & L.E. Skog var. minutiflora 

$


 Cremosperma peruvianum L.E. Skog



Cremosperma peruvianum L.E. Skog

Reference: Skog, L. E., 1982: 98. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I-II: 1000-2000 m. 
Voucher: Wolfe 12288* (US!), Dudley 13020 (NA)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Crepidospermum goudotianum (Tul.) Triana & Planch.



Crepidospermum goudotianum (Tul.) Triana & Planch.

Synonyms: Crepidospermum goudotianum Hook. f., Crepidospermum goudotianum Tul.
Reference: Flora Peru: 659: 715. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 7222 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Crepidospermum multijugum Swart



Crepidospermum multijugum Swart

Reference: Flora Peru: 659: 715. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Klug 2284* (NY), Klug 2004 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Crepidospermum prancei Daly



Crepidospermum prancei Daly

Reference: Daly, D. C., 1987: 56. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez et al. 4010 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Crepidospermum rhoifolium (Benth.) Swart



Crepidospermum rhoifolium (Benth.) Swart

Synonyms: Crepidospermum rhoifolium (Benth.) Swart, Crepidospermum rhoifolium Benth.


$


 Crepidospermum sprucei Hook. f.


Crepidospermum sprucei Hook. f. = Crepidospermum goudotianum (Tul.) Triana & Planch.

Reference: FP 659: 715. 


$


 Crepis capillaris (L.) Wallr.



Crepis capillaris (L.) Wallr.

$


 Crescentia amazonica Ducke



Crescentia amazonica Ducke

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1980: 87. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 25811 (AMAZ!, MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Crescentia cujete L.



Crescentia cujete L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1362: 97; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 142. 
Ecology: Cultivated tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 10481 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Cressa australis R. Br.



Cressa australis R. Br.

Reference: Macbride, J. F., 1959: 468. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   The Flora of Peru incorrectly lists this species as a synonym of Cressa truxillensis.  


$


 Cressa cretica var. truxillensis (Kunth) Choisy


Cressa cretica var. truxillensis (Kunth) Choisy = Cressa truxillensis Kunth

Reference: FP 1344: 468. 
Note: var. of Cressa cretica L.  


$


 Cressa truxillensis Kunth



Cressa truxillensis Kunth

Synonyms: Cressa truxillensis (Kunth) Choisy
Reference: Flora Peru: 1344: 468; Austin, D. F., 1982: 10. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Bonpland s.n.* (W), Sag&aacute;stegui 7630 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Ica, Lima, La Libertad, Tumbes.


$


 Crinum argentinum Pax


Crinum argentinum Pax = Hippeastrum argentinum (Pax) Hunziker

Reference: Vargas C., C., 1984: 118. 


$


 Crinum erubescens Aiton



Crinum erubescens Aiton

$


 Crinum forgetii C.H. Wright



Crinum forgetii C.H. Wright

Reference: Wright, C. H., 1925:. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. . 


$


 Crinum jagus (Thompson) Dandy



Crinum jagus (Thompson) Dandy

Synonyms: Crinum jagus Thompson


$


 Crinum scabrum Herbert



Crinum scabrum Herbert

$


 Crinum undulatum Hooker



Crinum undulatum Hooker

Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 670. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 29365 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Crinum urceolatum Ruiz & Pav.


Crinum urceolatum Ruiz & Pav. = Urceolina urceolata (Ruiz & Pav.) Ascherson & Graebner

Reference: FP 1190: 687. 


$


 Cristaria divaricata Philippi ex E. Baker



Cristaria divaricata Philippi ex E. Baker

Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 571; Marticorena, C. & M. Quezada, 1985: 52; Dillon, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native herb. Coastal: 0-1000 m. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   
Voucher: Mexia s.n. 
Departments: Tacna.


$


 Cristaria formosula Johnst.



Cristaria formosula Johnst.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 572; Marticorena, C. & M. Quezada, 1985: 52. 
Ecology: Native herb. Coastal: 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 6362 (USM!)
Departments: Arequipa.


$


 Cristaria multifida Cav.



Cristaria multifida Cav.

Synonyms: Cristaria multifida Turcz.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 572; Marticorena, C. & M. Quezada, 1985: 52. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (MA photo F!), Ferreyra 13925 (USM!)
Departments: Arequipa, Lima, La Libertad, Moquegua, Tacna.


$


 Cristaria obtusiloba Turcz.


Cristaria obtusiloba Turcz. = Cristaria multifida Cav.

Reference: Fryxell, P. A. & A. Krapovickas, 1990: 176. 


$


 Critesion muticum (J. Presl) &aacute;. L&ouml;ve


Critesion muticum (J. Presl) &aacute;. L&ouml;ve = Hordeum muticum J. Presl

Reference: Tovar, O., 1957: 43. 


$


 Critonia morifolia (Mill.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Critonia morifolia (Mill.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Critonia morifolia Mill.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 298. 
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 5362 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Critoniella acuminata (Kunth) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Critoniella acuminata (Kunth) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Critoniella acuminata Kunth
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 343. 
Ecology. 1000-2000 m. 
Voucher: King & Bishop 9227 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Critoniopsis lindenii Sch. Bip.


Critoniopsis lindenii Sch. Bip. = Vernonia lindenii (Schultz-Bip.) Cuatrec.

Reference: FP 1416: 28. 
Note: NN  


$


 Crocodeilanthe xiphizusa Rchb. f. & Warsz.


Crocodeilanthe xiphizusa Rchb. f. & Warsz. = Pleurothallis xiphizusa (Rchb. f. & Warsz.) Rchb. f.

Reference: FP 1467: 290. 


$


 Crocopsis fulgens Pax



Crocopsis fulgens Pax

Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 669; Ravenna, P., 1971: 84. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: 3000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Herrera 3040 (F!)
Departments: Cuzco, Puno.


$


 Crocosmia X crocosmiiflora (Lemoine ex Morren) N.E. Br.



Crocosmia X crocosmiiflora (Lemoine ex Morren) N.E. Br.

Synonyms: Crocosmia X crocosmiiflora Lemoine ex Morren


$


 Cronquistianthus bishopii R.M. King & H. Rob.



Cronquistianthus bishopii R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Cronquistianthus bishopii (R.M. King & H. Rob.) B.L. Turner
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 368, 499. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Note: For alternative treatment, see Turner (1991: 161). 
Voucher: King & Bishop 9281* (US!), Sag&aacute;stegui 9805 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Cronquistianthus bulliferus (S.F. Blake) R.M. King & H. Rob.


Cronquistianthus bulliferus (S.F. Blake) R.M. King & H. Rob. = Cronquistianthus chamaedrifolius (Kunth) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 368, 499. 


$


 Cronquistianthus callacatensis (Hieron.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Cronquistianthus callacatensis (Hieron.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Cronquistianthus callacatensis (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob., Cronquistianthus callacatensis B. Robinson, Cronquistianthus callacatensis Hieron.
Reference: Turner, B. L., 1991: 162. 
Ecology: Endemic herb, subshrub. Andean II: 1500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Jelski 670* (B photo F), Sag&aacute;stegui 9805 (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, La Libertad, Pasco.


$


 Cronquistianthus celendinensis R.M. King & H. Rob.



Cronquistianthus celendinensis R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Cronquistianthus celendinensis (R.M. King & H. Rob.) B.L. Turner
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 368, 499. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Hutchinson & Wright 5134* (F!), Mostacero 995 (F!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Cronquistianthus chachapoyensis R.M. King & H. Rob.



Cronquistianthus chachapoyensis R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Cronquistianthus chachapoyensis (R.M. King & H. Rob.) B.L. Turner
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 368, 499. 
Ecology. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 14440* (US!), King 9158 (MO)
Departments: Amazonas.


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 Cronquistianthus chamaedrifolius (Kunth) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Cronquistianthus chamaedrifolius (Kunth) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Cronquistianthus chamaedrifolius (Kunth) R.M. King & H. Rob., Cronquistianthus chamaedrifolius (S.F. Blake) R.M. King & H. Rob., Cronquistianthus chamaedrifolius Kunth, Cronquistianthus chamaedrifolius Kunth, Cronquistianthus chamaedrifolius S.F. Blake
Reference: Turner, B. L., 1991: 163. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: For alternative treatment, see King & Robinson (1987: 368, 499).  
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland 3485* (F!), Weberbauer 6335 (F!)
Departments: Piura.


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 Cronquistianthus chotensis (Hieron.) R.M. King & H. Rob.


Cronquistianthus chotensis (Hieron.) R.M. King & H. Rob. = Cronquistianthus lavandulaefolius (DC.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 368, 499. 


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 Cronquistianthus desmophyllus (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Cronquistianthus desmophyllus (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Cronquistianthus desmophyllus B. Robinson
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 368, 499. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean II-III: 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 1975* (F!), Edwin 3842 (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, La Libertad.


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 Cronquistianthus determinatus (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Cronquistianthus determinatus (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Cronquistianthus determinatus (B. Robinson) B.L. Turner, Cronquistianthus determinatus B. Robinson, Cronquistianthus determinatus R.M. King & H. Rob.
Reference: Turner, B. L., 1991: 166. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean II-III: 2000-4000 m. 
Note: For alternative treatment, see King & Robinson (1987: 368, 499).  
Voucher: Mcbride & Featherstone 1181* (F!), Ferreyra 6218 (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Hu&aacute;nuco, La Libertad, Pasco.


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 Cronquistianthus ferreyrii R.M. King & H. Rob.



Cronquistianthus ferreyrii R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Cronquistianthus ferreyrii (R.M. King & H. Rob.) B.L. Turner
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 368, 499. 
Ecology. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ferreyra 13293* (US!), Hutchinson 5247 (F!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


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 Cronquistianthus glomeratus (DC.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Cronquistianthus glomeratus (DC.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Cronquistianthus glomeratus DC.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 368, 499. 
Ecology. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Haenke 8146* (F!), Stork & Horton 10893 (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Huancavelica, Lima, La Libertad.


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 Cronquistianthus infantesii R.M. King & H. Rob.


Cronquistianthus infantesii R.M. King & H. Rob. = Cronquistianthus determinatus (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Reference: Turner, B. L., 1991: 166. 


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 Cronquistianthus kalenbornianus (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.


Cronquistianthus kalenbornianus (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob. = Cronquistianthus callacatensis (Hieron.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Reference: Turner, B. L., 1991: 162. 


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 Cronquistianthus lavandulaefolius (DC.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Cronquistianthus lavandulaefolius (DC.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Cronquistianthus lavandulaefolius (Hieron.) R.M. King & H. Rob., Cronquistianthus lavandulaefolius DC., Cronquistianthus lavandulaefolius Hieron.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 368, 499. 
Ecology. 500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Dombey 51[8147]* (G-DC), Sag&aacute;stegui 11902 (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Piura.


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 Cronquistianthus leucophyllus (Kunth) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Cronquistianthus leucophyllus (Kunth) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Cronquistianthus leucophyllus Kunth
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 368, 499. 
Ecology. 2000-3000 m. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   The type, Humboldt & Bonpland s.n., is reported to be form Peru, but is probably from Loja, Ecuador; the taxon is likely to occur in northwest Peru (Turner, 1991: 170). 


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 Cronquistianthus lopezmirandae (Cabrera) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Cronquistianthus lopezmirandae (Cabrera) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Cronquistianthus lopezmirandae Cabrera
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 368, 499. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean II: 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: L&oacute;pez & Sag&aacute;stegui 2782* (LP), Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 12001 (F!)
Departments: Cajamarca, La Libertad.


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 Cronquistianthus macbridei R.M. King & H. Rob.



Cronquistianthus macbridei R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Cronquistianthus macbridei B.L. Turner
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 368, 499. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean II: 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 3881* (US!), Woytkowski 34231 (F!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


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 Cronquistianthus marrubiifolius (Hieron.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Cronquistianthus marrubiifolius (Hieron.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Cronquistianthus marrubiifolius Hieron.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 368, 500. 
Ecology. 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Jelski 799* (B photo F!), Sag&aacute;stegui 11766 (F!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lima, La Libertad.


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 Cronquistianthus rugosus (Kunth) R.M. King & H. Rob.


Cronquistianthus rugosus (Kunth) R.M. King & H. Rob. = Cronquistianthus chamaedrifolius (Kunth) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Reference: Turner, B. L., 1991: 163. 


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 Cronquistianthus urubambensis (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Cronquistianthus urubambensis (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Cronquistianthus urubambensis B. Robinson, Cronquistianthus urubambensis B. Robinson
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 368, 500. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I-II: 1000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Pentland s.n.* (K!), Vargas 11048 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Cajamarca, Huancavelica, Lima, La Libertad.


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 Cronquistianthus volkensii (Hieron.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Cronquistianthus volkensii (Hieron.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Cronquistianthus volkensii Hieron.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 368, 500. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4850* (B photo F!), Killip 23321 (NY)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco.


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 Crossopetalum eucymosum (Loesener & Pittier) Lundell



Crossopetalum eucymosum (Loesener & Pittier) Lundell

Synonyms: Crossopetalum eucymosum Loesener & Pittier
Reference: Lundell, C. L., 1961: 7. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Note: Cited voucher tentatively determined.  
Voucher: Ellenberg 3559 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas.


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 Crossothamnus pascoanus B. Turner & Dillon



Crossothamnus pascoanus B. Turner & Dillon

Reference: Turner, B. L. & M. Dillon, 1990: 420. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Foster 8996* (F!)
Departments: Pasco.


$


 Crossothamnus weberbaueri (Hieron.) R.M. King & H. Rob.



Crossothamnus weberbaueri (Hieron.) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Synonyms: Crossothamnus weberbaueri Hieron.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 264, 500. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Wurdack 988 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas.


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 Crotalaria anagyroides Kunth


Crotalaria anagyroides Kunth = Crotalaria micans Link

Reference: FP 21: 455; Windler, D. R. & L. McLaughlin, 1981: 606; Bernal M., H. Y., 1986: 33. 


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 Crotalaria cytisifolia Hoffmanns. ex Steud.


Crotalaria cytisifolia Hoffmanns. ex Steud. = Crotalaria incana L. var. incana 

Reference: FP 21: 455; Bernal M., H. Y., 1986: 27. 


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 Crotalaria dombeyana DC.


Crotalaria dombeyana DC. = Crotalaria micans Link

Reference: FP 21: 455; Bernal M., H. Y., 1986: 33. 
Note: Treated as a synonym of C. anagyroides H.B.K. in the Flora of Peru.  


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 Crotalaria incana L.



Crotalaria incana L.

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 Crotalaria incana L. var.incana



Crotalaria incana L. var. incana 

Synonyms: Crotalaria incana incana Hoffmanns. ex Steud.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 455; Bernal M., H. Y., 1986: 27; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 312. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub, treelet. Amazonian, Andean I-III, Coastal: 0-4500 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 11489 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Ica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Piura, Puno, Ucayali.


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 Crotalaria incana var.grandiflora Windler, Adler & Skinner



Crotalaria incana var. grandiflora Windler, Adler & Skinner

Reference: Windler, D. R., L. Adler & S. Skinner, 1992: 155. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Andean I-II: 500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 6834 (F, USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Piura, Puno.


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 Crotalaria lupulina Kunth


Crotalaria lupulina Kunth = Crotalaria pumila Ortega

Reference: FP 21: 457; McVaugh, R., 1987: 388. 


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 Crotalaria mathewsana Benth.


Crotalaria mathewsana Benth. = Crotalaria sagittalis L.

Reference: FP 21: 458; Bernal M., H. Y., 1986: 74. 


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 Crotalaria maypurensis Kunth



Crotalaria maypurensis Kunth

Reference: Bernal M., H. Y., 1986: 38; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 312. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: 500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Mexia 4147 (LA at MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Pasco.


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 Crotalaria micans Link



Crotalaria micans Link

Synonyms: Crotalaria micans DC., Crotalaria micans Kunth
Reference: Windler, D. R. & L. McLaughlin, 1981: 606; Bernal M., H. Y., 1986: 33. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Solomon 3095 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Crotalaria nitens Kunth



Crotalaria nitens Kunth

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 Crotalaria nitens Kunth var.nitens



Crotalaria nitens Kunth var. nitens 

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 457; McVaugh, R., 1987: 387. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 6050 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


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 Crotalaria nitens var.trichina J.F. Macbr.



Crotalaria nitens var. trichina J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 457. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Pennell 14000* (F), Williams 2150 (F)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Crotalaria pallida Aiton



Crotalaria pallida Aiton

Reference: Duke, J. A., 1981: 67; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 313. 
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Stern 308 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.


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 Crotalaria pumila Ortega



Crotalaria pumila Ortega

Synonyms: Crotalaria pumila Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 457; McVaugh, R., 1987: 388. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II, Coastal: 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: Sag&aacute;stegui et al. 7921 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Piura, Tumbes.


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 Crotalaria retusa L.



Crotalaria retusa L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 458; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 314. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 15754 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto.


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 Crotalaria sagittalis L.



Crotalaria sagittalis L.

Synonyms: Crotalaria sagittalis Benth.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 458; Bernal M., H. Y., 1986: 73; McVaugh, R., 1987: 392. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: S&aacute;nchez 3954 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco.


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 Crotalaria spectabilis Roth



Crotalaria spectabilis Roth

Reference: Duke, J. A., 1981: 68; Bernal M., H. Y., 1986: 93. 
Ecology: Introduced herb, subshrub. Andean I: 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: S&aacute;nchez 3969 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


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 Crotalaria stipularia Desv.



Crotalaria stipularia Desv.

Reference: Ducke, A., 1949: 161; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 314. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 35193 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Crotalaria zanzibarica Benth.



Crotalaria zanzibarica Benth.

Reference: Howard, R. A., 1988: 473. 
Ecology: Introduced herb, subshrub. Andean I-II: 1000-2000 m. 
Voucher: Seibert 2264 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


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 Croton abutiloides Kunth


Croton abutiloides Kunth = Croton callicarpifolius M. Vahl

Reference: FP 674: 67. 


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 Croton adipatus Kunth



Croton adipatus Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 63. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Bonpland s.n.* 
Departments: Cajamarca.


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 Croton alnifolius Kunth


Croton alnifolius Kunth = Croton rivinifolius Kunth

Reference: FP 674: 83. 


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 Croton alnifolius Lam.



Croton alnifolius Lam.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 63. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I, Coastal: 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (B), L&oacute;pez et al. 8390 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Cajamarca, Lima, La Libertad.


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 Croton andinus M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Croton andinus M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 64. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


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 Croton astianus Croizat



Croton astianus Croizat

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 65. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 6536* 
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


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 Croton baillonianus M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Croton baillonianus M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Synonyms: Croton baillonianus M&uuml;ll. Arg.
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 65. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Andean II: 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (G), Sag&aacute;stegui & Cabanillas 8553A (MO!)
Departments: Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Puno.


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 Croton baillonianus var. pachyphyllus M&uuml;ll. Arg.


Croton baillonianus var. pachyphyllus M&uuml;ll. Arg. = Croton baillonianus M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: FP 674: 65. 


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 Croton balsameus M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Croton balsameus M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 66. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* 
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


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 Croton benthamianus M&uuml;ll. Arg.


Croton benthamianus M&uuml;ll. Arg. = Croton palanostigma Klotzsch

Reference: FP 674: 77. 


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 Croton boissieri M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Croton boissieri M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 66. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. . 
Voucher: Ruiz s.n.* (B photo MO!), Ruiz 5060 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


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 Croton bryophorus Croizat



Croton bryophorus Croizat

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 67. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 22287* , Sag&aacute;stegui 6844 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Croton callicarpifolius M. Vahl



Croton callicarpifolius M. Vahl

Synonyms: Croton callicarpifolius Kunth, Croton callicarpifolius Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 67. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


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 Croton castaneifolius L.


Croton castaneifolius L. = Caperonia castaneifolia (L.) St. Hilaire

Reference: FP 674: 96. 


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 Croton chamaedryfolius (Klotzsch) Griseb.


Croton chamaedryfolius (Klotzsch) Griseb. = Croton trinitatis Millsp.

Reference: FP 674: 89. 


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 Croton churumayensis Croizat



Croton churumayensis Croizat

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 68. 
Ecology. 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Soukup 501* (F), N&uacute;&ntilde;ez 9282 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.


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 Croton collinus Kunth



Croton collinus Kunth

Synonyms: Croton collinus (H.B.K.) M&uuml;ll. Arg., Croton collinus (H.B.K.) M&uuml;ll. Arg., Croton collinus Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 68. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I: 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Davis & Turner 698 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, La Libertad.


$


 Croton coriaceus Kunth


Croton coriaceus Kunth = Croton callicarpifolius M. Vahl

Reference: FP 674: 67. 


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 Croton cuneatus Klotzsch



Croton cuneatus Klotzsch

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 69. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez 10597 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Croton draco var. cordatus M&uuml;ll. Arg.


Croton draco var. cordatus M&uuml;ll. Arg. = Croton lechleri M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: FP 674: 74. 


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 Croton draconoides M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Croton draconoides M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 70. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Spruce 4582* (B photo MO!), Ferreyra 11191 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Loreto.


$


 Croton erythrochilus M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Croton erythrochilus M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 70. 
Ecology. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (B photo MO!), Schunke 6228 (UCLA at MO!)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes.


$


 Croton ferrugineus var. collinus (H.B.K.) M&uuml;ll. Arg.


Croton ferrugineus var. collinus (H.B.K.) M&uuml;ll. Arg. = Croton collinus Kunth

Reference: FP 674: 68. 


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 Croton ferrugineus var. peltoideus (H.B.K.) M&uuml;ll. Arg.


Croton ferrugineus var. peltoideus (H.B.K.) M&uuml;ll. Arg. = Croton collinus Kunth

Reference: FP 674: 69. 


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 Croton flavispicatus Rusby



Croton flavispicatus Rusby

Synonyms: Croton flavispicatus (Rusby) Croizat, Croton flavispicatus M&uuml;ll. Arg.
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 71. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Spruce 4290* , Gentry & Aronson 25758 (DAV)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Croton fragrantulus Croizat



Croton fragrantulus Croizat

Synonyms: Croton fragrantulus M&uuml;ll. Arg.
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 72. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* 
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Croton glabellus L.



Croton glabellus L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 72. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


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 Croton glandulosus L.



Croton glandulosus L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 72. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Rimachi 2737 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto.


$


 Croton heliotropiifolius Kunth



Croton heliotropiifolius Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 73; Webster, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


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 Croton huitotorum Croizat



Croton huitotorum Croizat

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 74. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Klug 2149* 
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Croton jamesoni M&uuml;ll. Arg.


Croton jamesoni M&uuml;ll. Arg. = Croton rivinifolius Kunth

Reference: FP 674: 83. 


$


 Croton lechleri M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Croton lechleri M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Synonyms: Croton lechleri M&uuml;ll. Arg.
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 74. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz s.n.* (B photo MO!), Klug 2675 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Croton lobatus L.



Croton lobatus L.

Synonyms: Croton lobatus Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 74. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Croat 51139 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Croton macbridei Croizat



Croton macbridei Croizat

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 75. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I: 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 5131* , Croat 50927 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Croton matourensis Aubl.



Croton matourensis Aubl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 75. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ch&aacute;vez 263 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Croton microphyllus Lam.


Croton microphyllus Lam. = Andrachne microphylla (Lam.) Baill.

Reference: FP 674: 50. 


$


 Croton miquelensis Ferguson


Croton miquelensis Ferguson = Croton trinitatis Millsp.

Reference: FP 674: 89. 


$


 Croton nitidulifolius Croizat



Croton nitidulifolius Croizat

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 76. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Cook  & Gilbert 543* 
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Croton olivaceus M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Croton olivaceus M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 77. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Spruce 4939* (G)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Croton palanostigma Klotzsch



Croton palanostigma Klotzsch

Synonyms: Croton palanostigma M&uuml;ll. Arg.
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 77. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 20 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Croton palustris L.


Croton palustris L. = Caperonia palustris (L.) St. Hilaire

Reference: FP 674: 97. 


$


 Croton paniculatus M&uuml;ll. Arg.


Croton paniculatus M&uuml;ll. Arg. = Croton fragrantulus Croizat

Reference: FP 674: 72. 


$


 Croton pavonis M&uuml;ll. Arg.


Croton pavonis M&uuml;ll. Arg. = Croton rivinifolius Kunth

Reference: FP 674: 83. 


$


 Croton pedicellatus Kunth



Croton pedicellatus Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 78. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Bonpland s.n.* 
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Croton peltoideus Kunth


Croton peltoideus Kunth = Croton collinus Kunth

Reference: FP 674: 69. 


$


 Croton peltophorus M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Croton peltophorus M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 79. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Croton perlongiflorus Croizat



Croton perlongiflorus Croizat

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 79. 
Ecology. 1500-2000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 6518* (F)
Departments: Cuzco, Huancavelica.


$


 Croton perspeciosus Croizat



Croton perspeciosus Croizat

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 80. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean II: 1000-2000 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 22841* , Woytkowski 6579 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Croton peruvianus Briq.



Croton peruvianus Briq.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 80. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 3019* (G photo MO!), Woytkowski 7232 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Lima, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Croton pilgerii Ule



Croton pilgerii Ule

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 81. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. . 
Voucher: Ule 6411* (MG)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Croton pungens Jacq.


Croton pungens Jacq. = Croton ruizianus M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: FP 674: 81. 


$


 Croton pycnanthus Benth.



Croton pycnanthus Benth.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 82. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 6856 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Croton quadrisetosus Lam.



Croton quadrisetosus Lam.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 82. 
Ecology. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (P), Dombey 39570 (P photo MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Croton quinquecuspidatum Jussieu


Croton quinquecuspidatum Jussieu = Chiropetalum quinquecuspidatum (Jussieu) Pax & K. Hoffm.

Reference: FP 674: 95. 


$


 Croton rehderianus Croizat



Croton rehderianus Croizat

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 83. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: West 6464* , Vargas 6870 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Puno.


$


 Croton riparius Kunth


Croton riparius Kunth = Croton lobatus L.

Reference: FP 674: 74. 


$


 Croton rivinifolius Kunth



Croton rivinifolius Kunth

Synonyms: Croton rivinifolius Kunth, Croton rivinifolius M&uuml;ll. Arg., Croton rivinifolius M&uuml;ll. Arg.
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 83. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Croton rubiginosus Croizat



Croton rubiginosus Croizat

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 84. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: 1500-2000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 4273* 
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Croton ruizianus M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Croton ruizianus M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Synonyms: Croton ruizianus Jacq.
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 84. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I-II: 500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (B), Smith et al. 12121 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Lambayeque, Lima, Moquegua.


$


 Croton sampatik M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Croton sampatik M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 86. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz s.n.* (B photo MO!), Huashikat 1235 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Croton sapiiflorus Croizat



Croton sapiiflorus Croizat

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 87. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Macbride 4218* 
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Croton scaber Willd.



Croton scaber Willd.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 87. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Croton schiedeanus Schltdl.



Croton schiedeanus Schltdl.

$


 Croton sebiferum L.


Croton sebiferum L. = Triadica sebifera (L.) Small

$


 Croton spurcus Croizat



Croton spurcus Croizat

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 88. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 5249* (F)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Croton stenosepalus M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Croton stenosepalus M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 88. 
Ecology: Endemic Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Spruce 4160* (B photo MO!), Rimachi 4120 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Croton tarapotensis M&uuml;ll. Arg.



Croton tarapotensis M&uuml;ll. Arg.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 88. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean I: 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Spruce 4138* (G-DC), Belshaw 3260 (MO!)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Croton tessmannii Mansf.



Croton tessmannii Mansf.

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 88. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Tessmann 3433* (B), V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 1484 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.


$


 Croton thurifer Kunth



Croton thurifer Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 89. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Bonpland s.n.* (B), Croat 58301 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca.


$


 Croton trinitatis Millsp.



Croton trinitatis Millsp.

Synonyms: Croton trinitatis (Klotzsch) Griseb., Croton trinitatis Ferguson, Croton trinitatis Klotzsch
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 89. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 1484 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Croton triqueter Lam.



Croton triqueter Lam.

Synonyms: Croton triqueter (Lam.) Baill.
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 90; Webster, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Croton tyndaridum Croizat



Croton tyndaridum Croizat

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 91. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Killip & Smith 25229* 
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Croton xanthochylus Croizat



Croton xanthochylus Croizat

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 91; Webster, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Cruckshanksia cistiflora Hooker


Cruckshanksia cistiflora Hooker = Balbisia peduncularis (Lindl.) D. Don

Reference: FP 641: 543; Knuth, R., 1912: 555. 


$


 Crudia glaberrima (Steud.) J.F. Macbr.



Crudia glaberrima (Steud.) J.F. Macbr.

Synonyms: Crudia glaberrima (Steud.) Taub., Crudia glaberrima Griseb., Crudia glaberrima Steud.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 122; Amshoff, G. J. H., 1953: 80; Vieira, M. das G. G., 1990: 96. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Croat 17718 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Crudia obliqua Griseb.


Crudia obliqua Griseb. = Crudia glaberrima (Steud.) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 21: 122; Amshoff, G. J. H., 1953: 80; Vieira, M. das G. G., 1990: 96. 


$


 Crudia parivoa DC.


Crudia parivoa DC. = Crudia tomentosa (Aubl.) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 21: 123; Amshoff, G. J. H., 1953: 81; Vieira, M. das G. G., 1990: 93. 


$


 Crudia tomentosa (Aubl.) J.F. Macbr.



Crudia tomentosa (Aubl.) J.F. Macbr.

Synonyms: Crudia tomentosa (Aubl.) Taub., Crudia tomentosa Aubl., Crudia tomentosa DC., Crudia tomentosa Rich. ex DC.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 123; Amshoff, G. J. H., 1953: 81; Vieira, M. das G. G., 1990: 92. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Cruminium virginianum (L.) Britton


Cruminium virginianum (L.) Britton = Centrosema virginianum (L.) Benth.

$


 Cryptantha cajabambensis Brand


Cryptantha cajabambensis Brand = Cryptantha peruviana I.M. Johnst.

Reference: FP 1285: 604. 


$


 Cryptantha debilis (Philippi) Reiche



Cryptantha debilis (Philippi) Reiche

$


 Cryptantha debilis var. peruviana (I.M. Johnst.) Brand


Cryptantha debilis var. peruviana (I.M. Johnst.) Brand = Cryptantha peruviana I.M. Johnst.

Reference: FP 1285: 604. 


$


 Cryptantha filaginea (Philippi) Reiche



Cryptantha filaginea (Philippi) Reiche

Synonyms: Cryptantha filaginea Philippi
Reference: Flora Peru: 1285: 602; Johnston, I. M., 1927: 46. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: 4000-4500 m. 
Voucher: Johnston 6280 (GH)
Departments: Arequipa.


$


 Cryptantha granulosa (R. & P.) I.M. Johnst.



Cryptantha granulosa (R. & P.) I.M. Johnst.

Synonyms: Cryptantha granulosa I.M. Johnst., Cryptantha granulosa Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1285: 602; Johnston, I. M., 1927: 44. 
Ecology: Native herb. Coastal: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Ferreyra 8757 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Lima.


$


 Cryptantha latifolia I.M. Johnst.


Cryptantha latifolia I.M. Johnst. = Cryptantha granulosa (R. & P.) I.M. Johnst.

Reference: FP 1285: 602. 


$


 Cryptantha limensis (A. DC.) I.M. Johnst.



Cryptantha limensis (A. DC.) I.M. Johnst.

Synonyms: Cryptantha limensis A. DC., Cryptantha limensis Brand, Cryptantha limensis I.M. Johnst.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1285: 603; Johnston, I. M., 1927: 48. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Coastal: . 
Voucher: Abadia s.n.* (G-DC), Macbride 5869 (F)
Departments: Arequipa, Lima.


$


 Cryptantha macbridei I.M. Johnst.


Cryptantha macbridei I.M. Johnst. = Cryptantha limensis (A. DC.) I.M. Johnst.

Reference: FP 1285: 603. 


$


 Cryptantha parviflora (Philippi) Reiche



Cryptantha parviflora (Philippi) Reiche

Synonyms: Cryptantha parviflora Brand, Cryptantha parviflora Brand, Cryptantha parviflora Brand, Cryptantha parviflora Philippi
Reference: Flora Peru: 1285: 604; Johnston, I. M., 1927: 39. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II, Coastal: 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: Dillon et al. 2710 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Ica, Lima, La Libertad, Moquegua, Tacna.


$


 Cryptantha peruviana I.M. Johnst.



Cryptantha peruviana I.M. Johnst.

Synonyms: Cryptantha peruviana (I.M. Johnst.) Brand, Cryptantha peruviana Brand, Cryptantha peruviana Brand
Reference: Flora Peru: 1285: 604; Johnston, I. M., 1927: 50. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 674* (F), Pennell 13235 (GH)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Lima, Moquegua.


$


 Cryptantha piscoensis Brand


Cryptantha piscoensis Brand = Cryptantha parviflora (Philippi) Reiche

Reference: FP 1285: 604. 


$


 Cryptantha seleri Brand


Cryptantha seleri Brand = Cryptantha parviflora (Philippi) Reiche

Reference: FP 1285: 604. 


$


 Cryptantha umbelliformis Brand


Cryptantha umbelliformis Brand = Cryptantha parviflora (Philippi) Reiche

Reference: FP 1285: 604. 


$


 Cryptantha varians Brand



Cryptantha varians Brand

Reference: Flora Peru: 1285: 605. 
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I: 500-1000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 5340* (B)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Cryptantha weberbaueri Brand


Cryptantha weberbaueri Brand = Cryptantha peruviana I.M. Johnst.

Reference: FP 1285: 604. 


$


 Cryptantha woitschachii Brand


Cryptantha woitschachii Brand = Cryptantha limensis (A. DC.) I.M. Johnst.

Reference: FP 1285: 603. 


$


 Cryptarrhena acrensis Schltr.


Cryptarrhena acrensis Schltr. = Cryptarrhena guatemalensis Schltr.

Reference: FP 1484: 941; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx; Christenson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cryptarrhena guatemalensis Schltr.



Cryptarrhena guatemalensis Schltr.

Synonyms: Cryptarrhena guatemalensis Schltr.
Reference: Christenson & Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Cryptarrhena kegelii Rchb. f.



Cryptarrhena kegelii Rchb. f.

Synonyms: Cryptarrhena kegelii (A. Rich. & Galeotti) Rchb. f., Cryptarrhena kegelii Schltr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1484: 942; Christenson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Cryptarrhena lunata R. Br.



Cryptarrhena lunata R. Br.

Synonyms: Cryptarrhena lunata A. Rich. & Galeotti, Cryptarrhena lunata A. Rich. & Galeotti
Reference: Flora Peru: 1484: 941; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx; Christenson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: N&uacute;&ntilde;ez et al. 10900 (MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios.


$


 Cryptarrhena pallidiflora (A. Rich. & Galeotti) Rchb. f.


Cryptarrhena pallidiflora (A. Rich. & Galeotti) Rchb. f. = Cryptarrhena kegelii Rchb. f.

Reference: FP 1484: 942; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx; Christenson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cryptarrhena unguiculata Schltr.


Cryptarrhena unguiculata Schltr. = Cryptarrhena kegelii Rchb. f.

Reference: FP 1484: 942; Christenson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cryptocarpus cordifolius Moric.


Cryptocarpus cordifolius Moric. = Cryptocarpus pyriformis Kunth

Reference: FP 1258: 528. 


$


 Cryptocarpus cordiformis beta. cordifolius Moq. in A. DC.


Cryptocarpus cordiformis beta. cordifolius Moq. in A. DC. = Cryptocarpus pyriformis Kunth

Reference: FP 1258: 528. 


$


 Cryptocarpus pyriformis Kunth



Cryptocarpus pyriformis Kunth

Synonyms: Cryptocarpus pyriformis (Kunth) Standl., Cryptocarpus pyriformis Moq. in A. DC., Cryptocarpus pyriformis Moric.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1258: 528. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland s.n.* (P-H&B), Mostacero 661 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lambayeque, La Libertad, Piura.


$


 Cryptocarya aschersoniana Mez



Cryptocarya aschersoniana Mez

$


 Cryptocarya canelilla Kunth


Cryptocarya canelilla Kunth = Aniba canelilla (Kunth) Mez

Reference: FP 610: 863. 


$


 Cryptocarya dubia Kunth


Cryptocarya dubia Kunth = Aiouea dubia (Kunth) Mez

Reference: Kubitzki, K. & S. Renner, 1982: 95. 


$


 Cryptocarya hirsuta Schott


Cryptocarya hirsuta Schott = Endlicheria paniculata (Sprengel) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 610: 850. 


$


 Cryptocarya pyriformis Nees


Cryptocarya pyriformis Nees = Endlicheria pyriformis (Nees) Mez

Reference: FP 610: 851. 


$


 Cryptocarya robusta A.C. Sm.


Cryptocarya robusta A.C. Sm. = Endlicheria robusta (A.C. Sm.) Kostermans

Reference: FP 610: 852. 


$


 Cryptocentrum inaequisepalum C. Schweinf.



Cryptocentrum inaequisepalum C. Schweinf.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 757; Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 36. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I: 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Bennett et al. 3688 (MO)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Cryptocentrum minus Schltr.


Cryptocentrum minus Schltr. = Cryptocentrum peruvianum (Cogn.) C. Schweinf.

Reference: FP 1473: 760; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx. 


$


 Cryptocentrum peruvianum (Cogn.) C. Schweinf.



Cryptocentrum peruvianum (Cogn.) C. Schweinf.

Synonyms: Cryptocentrum peruvianum Cogn., Cryptocentrum peruvianum Schltr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 760; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Cryptocentrum pseudobulbosum C. Schweinf.



Cryptocentrum pseudobulbosum C. Schweinf.

Synonyms: Cryptocentrum pseudobulbosum (C. Schweinf.) Garay
Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 760; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke s.n.* 
Departments: Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Cryptochloa unispiculata Soderstr.



Cryptochloa unispiculata Soderstr.

Reference: Soderstrom, T. R., 1982: 200. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Plowman et al. 7215* (US!), Plowman et al. 11233 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco.


$


 Cryptopetalon ciliare Cass.


Cryptopetalon ciliare Cass. = Pectis sessiliflora Sch. Bip. ex Rusby

$


 Cryptophoranthus dayanus (Rchb. f.) Rolfe


Cryptophoranthus dayanus (Rchb. f.) Rolfe = Zootrophion dayanum (Rchb. f.) Luer

Reference: FP 1438: 223; Luer, C. A., 1982: 82; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cryptophoranthus oblongifolius Rolfe


Cryptophoranthus oblongifolius Rolfe = Zootrophion oblongifolium (Rolfe) Luer

Reference: FP 1438: 224; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


$


 Cryptostegia grandiflora R. Br.



Cryptostegia grandiflora R. Br.

$


 Cryptotaenia canadensis (L.) DC.



Cryptotaenia canadensis (L.) DC.

Synonyms: Cryptotaenia canadensis Hassk., Cryptotaenia canadensis L.
Reference: Constance, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Introduced aquatic or terrestrial herb. Andean II: 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 10181 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Cryptotaenia japonica Hassk.


Cryptotaenia japonica Hassk. = Cryptotaenia canadensis (L.) DC.

Reference: Constance, pers. comm.. 


$


 Ctenanthe amphiandina B.L. Andersson



Ctenanthe amphiandina B.L. Andersson

Reference: Kennedy, H., L. Andersson & M. Hagberg, 1988: 179. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Plowman & Davis 5030 (F!)
Departments: Cuzco, Madre de Dios.


$


 Ctenanthe ericae B.L. Andersson



Ctenanthe ericae B.L. Andersson

Reference: Kennedy, H., L. Andersson & M. Hagberg, 1988: 182. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Foster et al. 10678 (F!)
Departments: Madre de Dios.


$


 Cuatrecasanthus jelskii (Hieron.) H. Rob.



Cuatrecasanthus jelskii (Hieron.) H. Rob.

Synonyms: Cuatrecasanthus jelskii Hieron., Cuatrecasanthus jelskii MacLeish
Reference: Robinson, H., 1989: 210. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Jelski 776 (US)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Cuatrecasanthus sandemanii (H. Robinson & Kahn) H. Rob.



Cuatrecasanthus sandemanii (H. Robinson & Kahn) H. Rob.

Synonyms: Cuatrecasanthus sandemanii H. Robinson & Kahn
Reference: Robinson, H., 1989: 210. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Sandeman 219* (BM), Ferreyra 1214 (US)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Cuatrecasasiella isernii (Cuatrec.) H. Rob.



Cuatrecasasiella isernii (Cuatrec.) H. Rob.

Synonyms: Cuatrecasasiella isernii Cuatrec.
Reference: Flora Peru: 27926: 24. 
Ecology. 4000- > 4500 m. 
Voucher: Dillon 2517 (F, HUT)
Departments: Ancash, Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Cuatresia fosteriana Hunziker



Cuatresia fosteriana Hunziker

Reference: Hunziker, A. T., 1987: 81. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Foster 3011* (F), Foster 2542 (F)
Departments: Cuzco, Madre de Dios.


$


 Cuatresia trianae Hunz.



Cuatresia trianae Hunz.

$


 Cucullaria citrifolia (Poir.) Roemer & Schultes


Cucullaria citrifolia (Poir.) Roemer & Schultes = Vochysia citrifolia Poir.

Reference: FP 668: 883; Stafleu, F. A., 1948: 450. 
Note: NN  


$


 Cucullaria ferruginea (C. Martius) Sprengel


Cucullaria ferruginea (C. Martius) Sprengel = Vochysia ferruginea (Sprengel) Mart.

Reference: FP 668: 885; Stafleu, F. A., 1948: 494. 


$


 Cucullaria grandis (C. Martius) Sprengel


Cucullaria grandis (C. Martius) Sprengel = Vochysia grandis Mart.

Reference: FP 668: 886; Stafleu, F. A., 1948: 453. 


$


 Cucullaria haenkeana (C. Martius) Sprengel


Cucullaria haenkeana (C. Martius) Sprengel = Vochysia haenkeana Mart.

Reference: FP 668: 886; Stafleu, F. A., 1948: 443. 


$


 Cucumis acutangulus L.


Cucumis acutangulus L. = Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb.

Reference: FP 1379: 364. 


$


 Cucumis anguria L.



Cucumis anguria L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1379: 382; Jeffrey, C., 1984: 486. 
Ecology: Introduced vine. Amazonian, Coastal: 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry 58325 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes.


$


 Cucumis dipsaceus Ehrenb. ex Spach



Cucumis dipsaceus Ehrenb. ex Spach

Reference: Flora Peru: 1379: 382. 
Ecology: Introduced vine. Coastal: 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Smith 4229 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Lima, Piura.


$


 Cucumis melo L.



Cucumis melo L.

Reference: Jeffrey, C., 1978: 375; Jeffrey, C., 1984: 487. 
Ecology: Cultivated vine. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Mullins 31 (K!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Cucumis sativus L.



Cucumis sativus L.

Reference: Soukup, J., 1974: 222; Jeffrey, C., 1984: 488. 
Ecology: Cultivated vine. Region uncertain: . 


$


 Cucurbita euodicarpa Hassk.


Cucurbita euodicarpa Hassk. = Sicana odorifera (Vell.) Naudin

Reference: FP 1379: 362. 


$


 Cucurbita lagenaria L.


Cucurbita lagenaria L. = Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.

Reference: FP 1379: 383. 


$


 Cucurbita odorifera Vell.


Cucurbita odorifera Vell. = Sicana odorifera (Vell.) Naudin

Reference: FP 1379: 362. 


$


 Cucurbita siceraria Molina


Cucurbita siceraria Molina = Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.

Reference: FP 1379: 383. 


$


 Cuellaria brasiliensis Cham.


Cuellaria brasiliensis Cham. = Clethra obovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Don

Reference: FP 1324: 48. 


$


 Cuellaria cuneata Rusby


Cuellaria cuneata Rusby = Clethra ferruginea (R. & P.) Link ex Spreng.

Reference: FP 1324: 47. 


$


 Cuellaria divaricata Duham.


Cuellaria divaricata Duham. = Clethra ferruginea (R. & P.) Link ex Spreng.

Reference: FP 1324: 47. 


$


 Cuellaria ferruginea Ruiz & Pav.


Cuellaria ferruginea Ruiz & Pav. = Clethra ferruginea (R. & P.) Link ex Spreng.

Reference: FP 1324: 47; Sleumer, H., 1967: 128. 


$


 Cuellaria mathewsii Turcz.


Cuellaria mathewsii Turcz. = Clethra ferruginea (R. & P.) Link ex Spreng.

Reference: FP 1324: 47. 


$


 Cuellaria micrantha Remy


Cuellaria micrantha Remy = Clethra obovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Don

Reference: FP 1324: 48. 


$


 Cuellaria obovata Ruiz & Pav.


Cuellaria obovata Ruiz & Pav. = Clethra obovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Don

Reference: FP 1324: 48; Sleumer, H., 1967: 146; Gustafsson, C., 1992: 24. 


$


 Cuellaria revoluta Ruiz & Pav.


Cuellaria revoluta Ruiz & Pav. = Clethra revoluta (Ruiz & Pav.) Spreng.

Reference: FP 1324: 49; Sleumer, H., 1967: 145; Gustafsson, C., 1992: 22. 


$


 Cuervea kappleriana (Miq.) A.C. Sm.



Cuervea kappleriana (Miq.) A.C. Sm.

Synonyms: Cuervea kappleriana Miq.
Reference: Flora Peru: 689: 217; Roosmalen, M. G. M. van, 1985: 76. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: McDaniel & Rimachi 17294 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Cuervea ovalifolia Miers


Cuervea ovalifolia Miers = Tontelea ovalifolia subsp. ovalifolia 

Reference: Smith, A. C., 1940: 476. 


$


 Culcita coniifolia (Hook.) Maxon



Culcita coniifolia (Hook.) Maxon

Reference: Flora Peru: 2132: 103. 
Ecology: Native Solitary, globular cactus. Andean II: 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: van der Werff et al. 8436 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Pasco.


$


 Culcitium canescens Humb. & Bonpl.


Culcitium canescens Humb. & Bonpl. = Senecio canescens var. canescens 

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1950: 37. 


$


 Culcitium canescens var. monocephalum Wedd.


Culcitium canescens var. monocephalum Wedd. = Senecio canescens var. monocephalus (Wedd.) Cuatrec.

Reference: Cabrera, A. L., 1985: 115. 


$


 Culcitium glaciale Meyen & Walp.


Culcitium glaciale Meyen & Walp. = Senecio candollii Wedd.

Reference: Cabrera, A. L., 1985: 113. 


$


 Culcitium haenkei Wedd.


Culcitium haenkei Wedd. = Senecio haenkeanus Cuatrec.

$


 Culcitium humile DC.


Culcitium humile DC. = Senecio candollii Wedd.

Reference: Cabrera, A. L., 1985: 113. 


$


 Culcitium neaei Schultz-Bip


Culcitium neaei Schultz-Bip = Senecio neeanus Cuatrec.

Reference: Cabrera, A. L., 1985: 14. 


$


 Culcitium nivale Kunth


Culcitium nivale Kunth = Senecio nivalis (H.B.K.) Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1950: 44. 


$


 Culcitium pavonii Wedd.


Culcitium pavonii Wedd. = Senecio pavonii Wedd.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1950: 44. 


$


 Culcitium peruvianum Klatt


Culcitium peruvianum Klatt = Senecio culciklattii Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1950: 43. 


$


 Culcitium rufescens Kunth


Culcitium rufescens Kunth = Senecio canescens var. canescens 

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1950: 49. 


$


 Culcitium serratifolium Meyen & Walp.


Culcitium serratifolium Meyen & Walp. = Senecio serratifolium (Meyen & Walp.) Cuatrec.

Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1950: 45. 


$


 Cumulopuntia alboareolata (Lemaire) F. Ritter


Cumulopuntia alboareolata (Lemaire) F. Ritter = Opuntia zehnderi (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1249; Hunt, D., 1992: 49. 


$


 Cumulopuntia crassicylindrica (Rauh & Backeb.) F. Ritter


Cumulopuntia crassicylindrica (Rauh & Backeb.) F. Ritter = Opuntia crassicylindrica (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1254; Hunt, D., 1992: 49. 


$


 Cumulopuntia galerasensis F. Ritter



Cumulopuntia galerasensis F. Ritter

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1249; Hunt, D., 1992: 49. 
Ecology: Endemic Sprawling cactus. Andean II: 3000-3500 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Ritter 1045* (U)
Departments: Ayacucho.


$


 Cumulopuntia ignescens (Vaupel) F. Ritter


Cumulopuntia ignescens (Vaupel) F. Ritter = Opuntia ignescens Vaupel

Reference: Ritter, F., 1980: 880; Hunt, D., 1992: 49. 


$


 Cumulopuntia ignota (Backeb.) F. Ritter


Cumulopuntia ignota (Backeb.) F. Ritter = Opuntia corotilla Schumann ex Vaupel

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1250; Hunt, D., 1992: 49. 


$


 Cumulopuntia kuehnrichiana (Werdermann & Backeberg) F. Ritter


Cumulopuntia kuehnrichiana (Werdermann & Backeberg) F. Ritter = Opuntia sphaerica Foerster

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1253; Hunt, D., 1992: 49. 


$


 Cumulopuntia multiareolata (F. Ritter) F. Ritter


Cumulopuntia multiareolata (F. Ritter) F. Ritter = Tephrocactus multiareolatus F. Ritter

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1252; Hunt, D., 1992: 49. 


$


 Cumulopuntia pentlandii (Salm-Dyck) F. Ritter


Cumulopuntia pentlandii (Salm-Dyck) F. Ritter = Opuntia pentlandii Salm-Dyck

Reference: Ritter, F., 1980: 488; Hunt, D., 1992: 49. 


$


 Cumulopuntia pentlandii var. dactylifera (Vaupel) F. Ritter


Cumulopuntia pentlandii var. dactylifera (Vaupel) F. Ritter = Opuntia dactylifera Vaupel

Reference: Ritter, F., 1980: 490. 


$


 Cumulopuntia pyrrhacantha (K. Schum.) F. Ritter


Cumulopuntia pyrrhacantha (K. Schum.) F. Ritter = Opuntia pyrrhacantha K. Schum.

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1249; Hunt, D., 1992: 49. 


$


 Cumulopuntia rauppiana (K. Schum.) F. Ritter


Cumulopuntia rauppiana (K. Schum.) F. Ritter = Opuntia sphaerica Foerster

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1252; Hunt, D., 1992: 49. 


$


 Cumulopuntia rossiana (Heinrich & Backeberg) F. Ritter



Cumulopuntia rossiana (Heinrich & Backeberg) F. Ritter

Synonyms: Cumulopuntia rossiana Heinrich & Backeberg
Reference: Hunt, D., 1992: 49. 
Note: No Peru voucher seen, although recorded for the country by Hunt (1992). 


$


 Cumulopuntia tumida F. Ritter



Cumulopuntia tumida F. Ritter

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1254; Hunt, D., 1992: 49. 
Ecology: Endemic Clump-forming cactus. Coastal: 0-500 m. 
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).  
Voucher: Ritter 1324* (U)
Departments: Arequipa.


$


 Cumulopuntia unguispina (Backeberg) F. Ritter


Cumulopuntia unguispina (Backeberg) F. Ritter = Opuntia unguispina Backeb.

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1251; Hunt, D., 1992: 49. 


$


 Cumulopuntia unguispina var. major F. Ritter


Cumulopuntia unguispina var. major F. Ritter = Opuntia unguispina Backeb.

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1251. 


$


 Cumulopuntia zehnderii (Rauh & Backeb.) F. Ritter


Cumulopuntia zehnderii (Rauh & Backeb.) F. Ritter = Opuntia zehnderi (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley

Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1249; Hunt, D., 1992: 49. 


$


 Cunuria spruceana Baill.


Cunuria spruceana Baill. = Micrandra spruceana (Baill.) R.E. Schult.

Reference: FP 674: 168. 


$


 Cupania andina Steyerm.


Cupania andina Steyerm. = Cupania rufescens Triana & Planch.

Reference: Croat, T. B., 1977: 439. 


$


 Cupania cinerea Poepp.



Cupania cinerea Poepp.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1298: 384. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 2338* (W), Gentry et al. 61982 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cupania fulvida Triana & Planch.


Cupania fulvida Triana & Planch. = Cupania rufescens Triana & Planch.

Reference: Croat, T. B., 1977: 439. 


$


 Cupania latifolia Kunth



Cupania latifolia Kunth

Synonyms: Cupania latifolia Radlk.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1298: 384; Croat, T. B., 1977: 437. 
Ecology: Native tree, treelet. Amazonian, Andean I-II: 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez et al. 11225 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Loreto, Piura, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cupania macrophylla Mart.


Cupania macrophylla Mart. = Talisia macrophylla (C. Martius) Radlk.

$


 Cupania papillosa Radlk.


Cupania papillosa Radlk. = Cupania latifolia Kunth

Reference: FP 1298: 385; Croat, T. B., 1977: 437. 


$


 Cupania purgans Poepp.


Cupania purgans Poepp. = Matayba purgans (Poepp.) Radlk.

Reference: FP 1298: 388. 


$


 Cupania rufescens Triana & Planch.



Cupania rufescens Triana & Planch.

Synonyms: Cupania rufescens Steyerm., Cupania rufescens Triana & Planch.
Reference: Croat, T. B., 1977: 439. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz 633 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Cupania scrobiculata Rich.



Cupania scrobiculata Rich.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1298: 385. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Cuphea antisyphilitica Kunth



Cuphea antisyphilitica Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 753: 209. 
Ecology: Native shrub, subshrub. Andean I: 500-1000 m. 
Note: Not reconfirmed. ; No Peruvian collections were cited by Lourteig (1987).  No Peruvian collections were cited by Lourteig (1987), and the cited voucher is questionably determined (S. Graham, pers. comm.). 
Voucher: Williams 7646 (F)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cuphea balsamona Cham. & Schltdl.


Cuphea balsamona Cham. & Schltdl. = Cuphea carthagenensis (Jacq.) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: FP 753: 210; Lourteig, A., 1989: 23. 


$


 Cuphea bombonasae Sprague



Cuphea bombonasae Sprague

Synonyms: Cuphea bombonasae Sprague
Reference: Flora Peru: 753: 209; Lourteig, A., 1988: 13; Lourteig, A., 1989: 17. 
Ecology: Native shrub, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Killip & Smith 26209 (F, US)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cuphea carthagenensis (Jacq.) J.F. Macbr.



Cuphea carthagenensis (Jacq.) J.F. Macbr.

Synonyms: Cuphea carthagenensis Cham. & Schltdl., Cuphea carthagenensis Jacq.
Reference: Flora Peru: 753: 210; Lourteig, A., 1989: 23. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: 3500-3500 m. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   
Voucher: Gentry et al. 18886 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cuphea ciliata Ruiz & Pav.



Cuphea ciliata Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Cuphea ciliata Kunth, Cuphea ciliata Kunth, Cuphea ciliata Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 753: 210; Lourteig, A., 1989: 22. 
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Andean I-II: 1000-3500 m. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Smith & V&aacute;squez 3430 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, La Libertad, Piura.


$


 Cuphea cordata Ruiz & Pav.



Cuphea cordata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Flora Peru: 753: 211; Lourteig, A., 1989: 29. 
Ecology: Native shrub, subshrub. Andean I-III: 500-4000 m. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA), Killip & Smith 22413 (US)
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Puno.


$


 Cuphea dipetala (L. f.) Koehne



Cuphea dipetala (L. f.) Koehne

Synonyms: Cuphea dipetala Kunth, Cuphea dipetala L. f.
Reference: Flora Peru: 753: 212; Lourteig, A., 1989: 30. 
Ecology: Native subshrub. . 
Note: Frequently confused with Cuphea cordata (S. Graham, pers. comm.). 
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland s.n. (P-H&B)


$


 Cuphea gracilis Kunth



Cuphea gracilis Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 753: 212. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Recorded in the Flora of Peru based on a misidentification (Lourteig, pers. comm.). 


$


 Cuphea hyssopifolia Kunth



Cuphea hyssopifolia Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 753: 212. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   (Lourteig, 1987), although possibly conspecific with C. spruceana (S. Graham, pers. comm.). 


$


 Cuphea ianthina Koehne



Cuphea ianthina Koehne

Reference: Flora Peru: 753: 212. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   Specimens cited in the Flora of Peru redetermined as C. cordata by S. Graham (pers. comm.). 


$


 Cuphea loxensis Kunth


Cuphea loxensis Kunth = Cuphea ciliata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 753: 210; Lourteig, A., 1989: 22. 


$


 Cuphea melvilla Lindl.



Cuphea melvilla Lindl.

Synonyms: Cuphea melvilla (A. Anderson) Kuntze, Cuphea melvilla A. Anderson
Reference: Lourteig, A., 1989: 28. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1000 m. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   
Voucher: Revilla 1936 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Cuphea microphylla Kunth


Cuphea microphylla Kunth = Cuphea ciliata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 753: 210; Lourteig, A., 1989: 22. 


$


 Cuphea pustulata Koehne



Cuphea pustulata Koehne

Reference: Flora Peru: 753: 213. 
Ecology: Native subshrub. Andean I: 500-1000 m. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   
Voucher: Williams 5393 (F)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cuphea racemosa (L. f.) Spreng.



Cuphea racemosa (L. f.) Spreng.

Synonyms: Cuphea racemosa Cav., Cuphea racemosa L. f.
Reference: Flora Peru: 753: 213; Lourteig, A., 1989: 13. 
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I, Coastal: 0-1000 m. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   
Voucher: Mexia 6160 (WIS)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lima, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cuphea serpyllifolia Kunth


Cuphea serpyllifolia Kunth = Cuphea ciliata Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: FP 753: 213; Lourteig, A., 1989: 22. 


$


 Cuphea setosa Koehne



Cuphea setosa Koehne

Reference: Flora Peru: 753: 214; Lourteig, A., 1988: 5; Lourteig, A., 1989: 15. 
Ecology. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Wurdack 2105 (US)
Departments: Cuzco, Loreto, Puno.


$


 Cuphea speciosa (A. Anderson) Kuntze


Cuphea speciosa (A. Anderson) Kuntze = Cuphea melvilla Lindl.

Reference: FP 753: 214; Lourteig, A., 1989: 28. 


$


 Cuphea spicata Cav.


Cuphea spicata Cav. = Cuphea racemosa (L. f.) Spreng.

Reference: FP 753: 213; Lourteig, A., 1989: 13. 


$


 Cuphea spruceana Koehne



Cuphea spruceana Koehne

Reference: Flora Peru: 753: 214; Lourteig, A., 1987: 17. 
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Spruce 4591* (K), Ferreyra 19464 (US)
Departments: Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cuphea strigulosa Kunth



Cuphea strigulosa Kunth

Synonyms: Cuphea strigulosa Koehne
Reference: Flora Peru: 753: 215; Lourteig, A., 1987: 10; Lourteig, A., 1989: 23. 
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Williams 6774 (F)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lambayeque, La Libertad, Piura, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cuphea strigulosa subsp. opaca Koehne


Cuphea strigulosa subsp. opaca Koehne = Cuphea strigulosa Kunth

Reference: FP 753: 215; Lourteig, A., 1987: 10; Lourteig, A., 1989: 23. 


$


 Cuphea tarapotensis Sprague



Cuphea tarapotensis Sprague

Reference: Flora Peru: 753: 215; Lourteig, A., 1988: 18; Lourteig, A., 1989: 20. 
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Spruce s.n.* (K), Ule 6755 (HBG)


$


 Cuphea tetrapetala var. cosangae Sprague


Cuphea tetrapetala var. cosangae Sprague = Cuphea bombonasae Sprague

Reference: Lourteig, A., 1988: 13. 


$


 Cuphea vargasii J.F. Macbr.



Cuphea vargasii J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 753: 215. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean II: 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Stork et al. 10589* , Stork et al. 10558 
Departments: Apur&iacute;mac.


$


 Cuphea verticillata Kunth


Cuphea verticillata Kunth = Cuphea dipetala (L. f.) Koehne

Reference: FP 753: 212; Lourteig, A., 1989: 30. 


$


 Cupressus lusitanica Mill.



Cupressus lusitanica Mill.

Reference: Silba, J., 1981: 396. 
Ecology: Cultivated tree. Andean II: 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Dillon 2846 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Lima, La Libertad.


$


 Cupressus sempervirens L.



Cupressus sempervirens L.

Reference: Silba, J., 1981: 398. 
Ecology: Cultivated tree. Coastal: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Cerrate 2928 (USM!)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Curarea candicans (Rich. ex DC.) Barneby & Krukoff



Curarea candicans (Rich. ex DC.) Barneby & Krukoff

Synonyms: Curarea candicans (Rich. ex DC.) Sandwith, Curarea candicans Diels, Curarea candicans Rich. ex DC.
Reference: Barneby, R. C. & B. A. Krukoff, 1971: 12. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


$


 Curarea tecunarum Barneby & Krukoff



Curarea tecunarum Barneby & Krukoff

Reference: Barneby, R. C. & B. A. Krukoff, 1971: 12. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 42157 (NY!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Curarea toxicofera (Wedd.) Barneby & Krukoff



Curarea toxicofera (Wedd.) Barneby & Krukoff

Synonyms: Curarea toxicofera (Wedd.) Kruk. & Mold., Curarea toxicofera Diels, Curarea toxicofera Diels, Curarea toxicofera Diels, Curarea toxicofera Wedd.
Reference: Barneby, R. C. & B. A. Krukoff, 1971: 9. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Castelnau s.n.* (P), Gentry et al. 25720 (NY!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Curatella americana L.



Curatella americana L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1305: 677; Kubitzki, K., 1971: 25. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 37697 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Curcas purgans Medic.


Curcas purgans Medic. = Jatropha curcas L.

Reference: Dehgan, B. & G. L. Webster, 1979: 52. 


$


 Cuscuta acutiloba Engelm.



Cuscuta acutiloba Engelm.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1344: 527. 
Ecology: Native parasitic herb. Coastal: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (K), Pennell 14595 (F)
Departments: Arequipa, Lima.


$


 Cuscuta americana L.



Cuscuta americana L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1344: 529. 
Ecology: Native parasitic herb. . 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Cuscuta bella Yunck.



Cuscuta bella Yunck.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1344: 528. 
Ecology. 3000-3500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Killip & Smith 21827* (US)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Cuscuta cockerellii Yunck.



Cuscuta cockerellii Yunck.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1344: 529. 
Ecology: Endemic parasitic herb. Andean II: 2000-2500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Cockerell s.n.* (US)
Departments: Arequipa.


$


 Cuscuta corymbosa Juss. ex Yunck.



Cuscuta corymbosa Juss. ex Yunck.

Synonyms: Cuscuta corymbosa Engelm.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1344: 529. 
Ecology: Native parasitic herb. Andean I, Coastal: 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz & Pav&oacute;n s.n.* (MA)
Departments: Arequipa, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Cuscuta corymbosa var. microlepis Engelm.


Cuscuta corymbosa var. microlepis Engelm. = Cuscuta corymbosa Juss. ex Yunck.

Reference: FP 1344: 529. 


$


 Cuscuta foetida Kunth



Cuscuta foetida Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 1344: 530. 
Ecology: Native parasitic herb. Andean II-III: 2500-4000 m. 
Voucher: Stevens 22034 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Hu&aacute;nuco, Lima.


$


 Cuscuta globiflora Engelm.



Cuscuta globiflora Engelm.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1344: 530. 
Ecology: Native parasitic herb. Andean II: 3000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Pentland s.n.* (K), Weberbauer 7811 (F)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Cuscuta grandiflora Kunth



Cuscuta grandiflora Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 1344: 531; Austin, D. F., 1982: 16. 
Ecology: Native parasitic herb. Andean II-III: 2000-4000 m. 
Voucher: Solomon 2969 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Huancavelica, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, La Libertad, Moquegua, Puno.


$


 Cuscuta haughtii Yunck.



Cuscuta haughtii Yunck.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1344: 532. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Haught 154* (US), Johnston 3514 (F)
Departments: Piura.


$


 Cuscuta hitchcockii Yunck.



Cuscuta hitchcockii Yunck.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1344: 532. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Hitchcock 22425* (US)
Departments: Arequipa.


$


 Cuscuta lucidacarpa Yunck.



Cuscuta lucidacarpa Yunck.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1344: 533. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 1035* (F), Killip & Smith 21843 (F)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Cuscuta obtusiflora Kunth



Cuscuta obtusiflora Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 1344: 533; Austin, D. F., 1982: 17. 
Ecology. 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Bonpland s.n.* (P)


$


 Cuscuta odorata Ruiz & Pav.



Cuscuta odorata Ruiz & Pav.

$


 Cuscuta odorata var.holwayana Yunck.



Cuscuta odorata var. holwayana Yunck.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1344: 534. 
Ecology. 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Macbride 3993 (F)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Puno.


$


 Cuscuta odorata var.odorata



Cuscuta odorata var. odorata 

Reference: Flora Peru: 1344: 533; Austin, D. F., 1982: 17. 
Ecology. 2500-3500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz s.n.* (B photo F), Macbride 5962 (F)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Lima, Puno.


$


 Cuscuta paitana Yunck.



Cuscuta paitana Yunck.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1344: 534. 
Ecology: Endemic parasitic herb. Amazonian, Coastal: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Haught 11* (US), Weberbauer 7762 (F)
Departments: Pasco, Piura.


$


 Cuscuta partita Choisy



Cuscuta partita Choisy

Reference: Flora Peru: 1344: 535. 
Ecology: Native parasitic herb. . 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Cuscuta peruviana Yunck.



Cuscuta peruviana Yunck.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1344: 535. 
Ecology: Endemic parasitic herb. . 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Weberbauer 1551* (B)


$


 Cuscuta rubella Yunck.



Cuscuta rubella Yunck.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1344: 535. 
Ecology. 2500-3000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Macbride 371* (F)
Departments: Lima.


$


 Cuscuta stenolepis Engelm.



Cuscuta stenolepis Engelm.

$


 Cuscuta suaveolens Seringe



Cuscuta suaveolens Seringe

Reference: Flora Peru: 1344: 536. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


$


 Cusparia acuminata Pilg.


Cusparia acuminata Pilg. = Angostura acuminata (Pilg.) Albuq.

Reference: FP 655: 684; Gereau, R. E., 1990: 368. 


$


 Cusparia toxicaria Engl.


Cusparia toxicaria Engl. = Angostura toxicaria (Engl.) Albuq.

Reference: FP 655: 684; Gereau, R. E., 1990: 368. 


$


 Cusparia trombetensis Ducke


Cusparia trombetensis Ducke = Angostura trombetensis (Ducke) Albuq.

Reference: Albuquerque, B. W. P. de, 1981: 852. 


$


 Cusparia ucayalina Huber


Cusparia ucayalina Huber = Angostura ucayalina (Huber) Albuq.

Reference: FP 655: 685; Gereau, R. E., 1990: 368. 


$


 Cusparia ulei Krause


Cusparia ulei Krause = Raputia ulei (Krause) Kallunki

$


 Cuspidaria emmonsii A.H. Gentry



Cuspidaria emmonsii A.H. Gentry

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1992: 160. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 31126* (AMAZ!, MO!), Emmons 230 (MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios, Ucayali.


$


 Cuspidaria floribunda (A. DC.) A.H. Gentry



Cuspidaria floribunda (A. DC.) A.H. Gentry

Synonyms: Cuspidaria floribunda (A. DC.) Pichon, Cuspidaria floribunda A. DC., Cuspidaria floribunda Bureau ex Bureau & Schumann, Cuspidaria floribunda Kuntze, Cuspidaria floribunda Miers
Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1973: 232. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Gentry et al. 40145 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Cuspidaria lateriflora (Mart.) A. DC.



Cuspidaria lateriflora (Mart.) A. DC.

Synonyms: Cuspidaria lateriflora (Mart.) Bureau, Cuspidaria lateriflora Mart.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1362: 64; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 147. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Seibert 1992 (MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios.


$


 Cuspidaria mollis Kranzlin


Cuspidaria mollis Kranzlin = Arrabidaea patellifera (Schltdl.) Sandwith

Reference: FP 1362: 27; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 111. 


$


 Cuspidaria schumanniana Kuntze


Cuspidaria schumanniana Kuntze = Tynanthus schumannianus (Kuntze) A.H. Gentry

$


 Cuspidaria weberbaueri (Sprague) A.H. Gentry



Cuspidaria weberbaueri (Sprague) A.H. Gentry

Synonyms: Cuspidaria weberbaueri Sprague, Cuspidaria weberbaueri Sprague
Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1973: 233. 
Ecology: Endemic liana. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 1934* (K!), Gentry & Smith 45103 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cyathea andina (H. Karst.) Domin



Cyathea andina (H. Karst.) Domin

Reference: Flora Peru: 2132: 130. 
Ecology: Native Solitary, globular cactus. Region uncertain: 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Barbour 4775 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Puno, Ucayali.


$


 Cyathea aterrima (Hook.) Domin


Cyathea aterrima (Hook.) Domin = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 114. 


$


 Cyathea bipinnatifida (Baker) Domin


Cyathea bipinnatifida (Baker) Domin = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 126. 


$


 Cyathea caracasana (Klotzsch) Domin



Cyathea caracasana (Klotzsch) Domin

Reference: Flora Peru: 2132: 133. 


$


 Cyathea caracasana var.boliviensis (Rosenst.) R.M. Tryon



Cyathea caracasana var. boliviensis (Rosenst.) R.M. Tryon

Reference: Flora Peru: 2132: 133. 
Ecology: Native Solitary, globular cactus. Region uncertain: 1000-2000 m. 
Voucher: Tryon & Tryon 5326 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Hu&aacute;nuco, Pasco, Puno, Ucayali.


$


 Cyathea caracasana var.meridensis (H. Karst.) R.M. Tryon



Cyathea caracasana var. meridensis (H. Karst.) R.M. Tryon

Reference: Flora Peru: 2132: 135. 
Ecology: Native Solitary, globular cactus. Region uncertain: 1000-2000 m. 
Voucher: Smith & Palacios 2641 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cyathea castanea Baker


Cyathea castanea Baker = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 135. 


$


 Cyathea cuspidata Kunze


Cyathea cuspidata Kunze = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 120. 


$


 Cyathea delgadii Sternb.



Cyathea delgadii Sternb.

Reference: Flora Peru: 2132: 132. 
Ecology: Native Solitary, globular cactus. Region uncertain: 1000-2000 m. 
Voucher: Barbour 3612 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cyathea divergens Kunze


Cyathea divergens Kunze = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 131. 


$


 Cyathea divergens Kunze var.divergens



Cyathea divergens Kunze var. divergens 

Reference: Flora Peru: 2132: 131. 
Ecology: Solitary, globular cactus. Region uncertain: 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Smith 5123 (GH)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cyathea dudleyi R.M. Tryon



Cyathea dudleyi R.M. Tryon

Reference: Flora Peru: 2132: 135. 
Ecology: Endemic Solitary, globular cactus. Andean II: 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: van der Werff et al. 8589 (MO!)
Departments: Pasco.


$


 Cyathea ebenina H. Karst.



Cyathea ebenina H. Karst.

Reference: Flora Peru: 2132: 135. 
Ecology: Native Solitary, globular cactus. Region uncertain: 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 6814 (US)
Departments: Amazonas.


$


 Cyathea elongata Karst.


Cyathea elongata Karst. = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 117. 


$


 Cyathea equestris Kunze


Cyathea equestris Kunze = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 131. 


$


 Cyathea erinacea H. Karst.


Cyathea erinacea H. Karst. = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 118. 


$


 Cyathea frigida (H. Karst.) Domin


Cyathea frigida (H. Karst.) Domin = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 126. 


$


 Cyathea incana H. Karst.


Cyathea incana H. Karst. = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 120. 


$


 Cyathea lasiosora (Mett. ex Kuhn) Domin


Cyathea lasiosora (Mett. ex Kuhn) Domin = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 124. 


$


 Cyathea latevagans (Baker) Domin


Cyathea latevagans (Baker) Domin = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 124. 


$


 Cyathea lechleri Mett.



Cyathea lechleri Mett.

Reference: Flora Peru: 2132: 135. 
Ecology: Native Solitary, globular cactus. Region uncertain: 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Lechler 2309 (B), Smith 2046 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Pasco, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cyathea macrosora (Baker) Domin


Cyathea macrosora (Baker) Domin = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 115. 


$


 Cyathea meridensis H. Karst.


Cyathea meridensis H. Karst. = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 135. 


$


 Cyathea mexicana var. boliviensis Rosenst.


Cyathea mexicana var. boliviensis Rosenst. = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 133. 


$


 Cyathea microdonta (Desv.) Domin


Cyathea microdonta (Desv.) Domin = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 127. 


$


 Cyathea microphylla Mett.



Cyathea microphylla Mett.

Reference: Flora Peru: 2132: 132. 
Ecology: Endemic Solitary, globular cactus. Region uncertain: 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Lechler 2160* (LZ destroyed), Dudley 10943 (GH)
Departments: Cuzco, Puno.


$


 Cyathea multiflora Sm.



Cyathea multiflora Sm.

Reference: Flora Peru: 2132: 130. 
Ecology: Native Solitary, globular cactus. Region uncertain: 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: J. Schunke 117 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Cyathea multisegmenta R.M. Tryon



Cyathea multisegmenta R.M. Tryon

Reference: Flora Peru: 2132: 132. 
Ecology: Endemic Solitary, globular cactus. Andean I: 1000-1500 m. 
Note: T  
Voucher: Dudley 11326 (US)
Departments: Cuzco.


$


 Cyathea nigripes (C. Chr.) Domin


Cyathea nigripes (C. Chr.) Domin = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 124. 


$


 Cyathea oligocarpa Kunze


Cyathea oligocarpa Kunze = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 132. 


$


 Cyathea pallescens (Sodiro) Domin



Cyathea pallescens (Sodiro) Domin

Reference: Flora Peru: 2132: 131. 
Ecology: Native Solitary, globular cactus. Andean III: 1000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Barbour 3590 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Pasco, Ucayali.


$


 Cyathea petiolata (Hook.) R.M. Tryon



Cyathea petiolata (Hook.) R.M. Tryon

Reference: Flora Peru: 2132: 131. 
Ecology: Native Solitary, globular cactus. Region uncertain: 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Dudley 10616 (GH)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Cyathea phegopteroides (Hook.) Domin


Cyathea phegopteroides (Hook.) Domin = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 127. 


$


 Cyathea pilosa Baker


Cyathea pilosa Baker = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 132. 


$


 Cyathea pilosissima (Baker) Domin


Cyathea pilosissima (Baker) Domin = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 125. 


$


 Cyathea poeppigii (Hook.) Domin


Cyathea poeppigii (Hook.) Domin = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 115. 


$


 Cyathea primaeva Domin


Cyathea primaeva Domin = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 124. 


$


 Cyathea pubens Domin


Cyathea pubens Domin = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 127. 


$


 Cyathea pungens (Willd.) Domin


Cyathea pungens (Willd.) Domin = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 123. 


$


 Cyathea rufescens (Mett. ex Kuhn) Domin


Cyathea rufescens (Mett. ex Kuhn) Domin = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 114. 


$


 Cyathea ruiziana Klotzsch



Cyathea ruiziana Klotzsch

Reference: Flora Peru: 2132: 132. 
Ecology: Endemic Solitary, globular cactus. Region uncertain: 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Ruiz 72* (US), Macbride 4135 (F!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Cyathea schanschin Mart.


Cyathea schanschin Mart. = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 132. 


$


 Cyathea subtropica Domin


Cyathea subtropica Domin = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 128. 


$


 Cyathea ulei (H. Christ) Domin


Cyathea ulei (H. Christ) Domin = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 128. 


$


 Cyathea vilhelmii Domin



Cyathea vilhelmii Domin

Reference: Flora Peru: 2132: 130. 
Ecology. . 
Voucher: Lechler 2654* (B, frag. GH)


$


 Cyathea willdenowiana Domin


Cyathea willdenowiana Domin = ?  

Reference: FP 2132: 123. 


$


 Cyathocnemis obliqua Klotzsch


Cyathocnemis obliqua Klotzsch = Begonia cyathophora Poepp. & Endl.

Reference: FP 747: 188; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986: 256. 


$


 Cyathoglottis candida Poepp. & Endl.


Cyathoglottis candida Poepp. & Endl. = Sobralia candida (Poepp. & Endl.) Rchb. f.

Reference: FP 1438: 70; Garay, L. A., 1978: 114. 


$


 Cyathoglottis crocea Poepp. & Endl.


Cyathoglottis crocea Poepp. & Endl. = Sobralia crocea (Poepp. & Endl.) Rchb. f.

Reference: FP 1438: 71; Garay, L. A., 1978: 117. 


$


 Cyathostegia mathewsii (Benth.) Schery



Cyathostegia mathewsii (Benth.) Schery

Synonyms: Cyathostegia mathewsii (Benth.) Taub., Cyathostegia mathewsii Benth.
Reference: Schery, R. W., 1950: 401; Rudd, V. E., 1968: 389. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I-II, Coastal: 0-3000 m. 
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (K), Gentry et al. 22815 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Apur&iacute;mac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Lima.


$


 Cyathostegia weberbaueri (Harms) Schery



Cyathostegia weberbaueri (Harms) Schery

Synonyms: Cyathostegia weberbaueri Harms
Reference: Schery, R. W., 1950: 401; Rudd, V. E., 1968: 390. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: 2000-2500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7216* (B photo F!), Edwin & Schunke 3713 (F, USM!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Cyathula achyranthoides (Kunth) Moq.



Cyathula achyranthoides (Kunth) Moq.

Synonyms: Cyathula achyranthoides Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 1255: 488; Eliasson, U., 1987: 37. 
Ecology: Introduced herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 1579 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Cyathula prostrata (L.) Blume



Cyathula prostrata (L.) Blume

Synonyms: Cyathula prostrata L.
Reference: Eliasson, U., 1987: 40. 
Ecology: Introduced herb. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Note: No voucher cited by Eliasson (1987). 
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Cybianthus bracteolatus Lundell


Cybianthus bracteolatus Lundell = Stylogyne bracteolata (Lundell) Pipoly

Reference: Lundell, C. L., 1980: 114; Pipoly III, J. J., 1989: 2. 


$


 Cybianthus cyclopetalus Mez



Cybianthus cyclopetalus Mez

Reference: Flora Peru: 1335: 177. 
Ecology: Native shrub, subshrub. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Young & Stratton 146 (MO!, US)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.


$


 Cybianthus dubius (J.F. Macbr.) G. Agostini


Cybianthus dubius (J.F. Macbr.) G. Agostini = Cybianthus nanayensis (J.F. Macbr.) G. Agostini

Reference: Mez, C., 1902: 158. 


$


 Cybianthus fulvopulverulentus subsp.magnoliifolius (Mez) Pipoly



Cybianthus fulvopulverulentus subsp. magnoliifolius (Mez) Pipoly

Synonyms: Cybianthus fulvopulverulentus magnoliifolius (A. DC.) G. Agostini, Cybianthus fulvopulverulentus magnoliifolius Mez
Reference: Pipoly III, J. J., 1983: 72. 
Ecology: Native shrub, subshrub. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: V&aacute;squez et al. 8905 (AMAZ, MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Cybianthus gigantophyllus Pipoly



Cybianthus gigantophyllus Pipoly

Reference: Pipoly III, J. J., 1991: 41. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Klug 3165* (US!), Gentry et al. 27952 (AMAZ, MO!)
Departments: Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cybianthus laetus (Mez) G. Agostini



Cybianthus laetus (Mez) G. Agostini

Synonyms: Cybianthus laetus Mez
Reference: Agostini, G., 1980: 153. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean II: 2000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 1561* (K), Luteyn & Cotton 11414 (NY!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco.


$


 Cybianthus lineatus (Benth.) Pipoly



Cybianthus lineatus (Benth.) Pipoly

Synonyms: Cybianthus lineatus Benth.
Reference: Pipoly III, J. J., 1987: 64. 
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: 2500-3000 m. 
Voucher: Smith & Foster 2509 (MO!)
Departments: Pasco.


$


 Cybianthus loretensis (Lundell) Pipoly


Cybianthus loretensis (Lundell) Pipoly = Cybianthus nanayensis (J.F. Macbr.) G. Agostini

Reference: Pipoly III, J. J., 1981: 496. 


$


 Cybianthus macrophyllus Miq.


Cybianthus macrophyllus Miq. = Cybianthus penduliflorus Mart.

Reference: FP 1335: 178. 


$


 Cybianthus magnoliifolia (A. DC.) G. Agostini


Cybianthus magnoliifolia (A. DC.) G. Agostini = Cybianthus fulvopulverulentus subsp. magnoliifolius (Mez) Pipoly

Reference: Pipoly III, J. J., 1983: 72. 


$


 Cybianthus magnus subsp.asymmetricus (Mez) Pipoly



Cybianthus magnus subsp. asymmetricus (Mez) Pipoly

Synonyms: Cybianthus magnus asymmetricus Mez
Reference: Pipoly III, J. J., 1987: 55. 
Ecology: Native hemiepiphyte, shrub, tree. Andean I-II: 1000-3000 m. 
Voucher: Ule 6792* (HBG!), Foster 9013 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Loreto, Pasco.


$


 Cybianthus marginatus (Benth.) Pipoly



Cybianthus marginatus (Benth.) Pipoly

Synonyms: Cybianthus marginatus Benth., Cybianthus marginatus Mez, Cybianthus marginatus Mez
Reference: Pipoly III, J. J., 1987: 60. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: 0-3500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7168 (F!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco.


$


 Cybianthus minutiflorus Mez



Cybianthus minutiflorus Mez

Reference: Flora Peru: 1335: 178. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean I: 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4699* (B frag. F), Timan&aacute; 922 (CUZ, MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cybianthus nanayensis (J.F. Macbr.) G. Agostini



Cybianthus nanayensis (J.F. Macbr.) G. Agostini

Synonyms: Cybianthus nanayensis (J. F. Macbride) G. Agostini, Cybianthus nanayensis (J.F. Macbr.) G. Agostini, Cybianthus nanayensis (Lundell) Pipoly, Cybianthus nanayensis J.F. Macbr., Cybianthus nanayensis J.F. Macbr., Cybianthus nanayensis J.F. Macbr., Cybianthus nanayensis Lundell
Reference: Agostini, G., 1980: 160. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Williams 658* (F!), V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 5075 (AMAZ, MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Cybianthus pastensis (Mez) G. Agostini



Cybianthus pastensis (Mez) G. Agostini

Synonyms: Cybianthus pastensis (C. Presl) Lundell, Cybianthus pastensis (C. Presl) Mez, Cybianthus pastensis (Mez) Lundell, Cybianthus pastensis A. Zahlbruckner, Cybianthus pastensis C. Presl, Cybianthus pastensis J.F. Macbr., Cybianthus pastensis Mez, Cybianthus pastensis Mez
Reference: Agostini, G., 1980: 151; Pipoly III, J. J., 1983: 239. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean II: 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Stork & Horton 10134 (F!)
Departments: Cajamarca.


$


 Cybianthus penduliflorus Mart.



Cybianthus penduliflorus Mart.

Synonyms: Cybianthus penduliflorus Miq.
Reference: Agostini, G., 1980: 141; Pipoly III, J. J., 1987: 46. 
Ecology: Endemic shrub, subshrub. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Ayala 1623 (AMAZ, MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Cybianthus peruvianus (A. DC.) Miq.



Cybianthus peruvianus (A. DC.) Miq.

Synonyms: Cybianthus peruvianus A. DC., Cybianthus peruvianus Mez
Reference: Flora Peru: 1335: 201. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (G-DC), V&aacute;squez & Jaramillo 5056 (AMAZ, MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Puno, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cybianthus poeppigii Mez



Cybianthus poeppigii Mez

Reference: Flora Peru: 1335: 179. 
Ecology: Native shrub, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (W), Huashikat 1248 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cybianthus pseudoicacoreus (Miquel in Martius) G. Agostini



Cybianthus pseudoicacoreus (Miquel in Martius) G. Agostini

Synonyms: Cybianthus pseudoicacoreus (Miquel) Mez, Cybianthus pseudoicacoreus Miquel in Martius
Reference: Agostini, G., 1980: 155. 
Ecology: Native shrub, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Tessmann 3650 (NY!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Cybianthus psychotriifolius Rusby ex Mez



Cybianthus psychotriifolius Rusby ex Mez

Synonyms: Cybianthus psychotriifolius Rusby
Reference: Flora Peru: 1335: 179. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


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 Cybianthus resinosus Mez



Cybianthus resinosus Mez

Reference: Flora Peru: 1335: 180. 
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 2428* (W), Tessmann 5145 (NY)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Cybianthus schlimii (Hook. f.) G. Agostini



Cybianthus schlimii (Hook. f.) G. Agostini

Synonyms: Cybianthus schlimii Hook. f.
Reference: Agostini, G., 1980: 165. 
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Kayap 728 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Ucayali.


$


 Cybianthus silvestris (J. F. Macbride) G. Agostini


Cybianthus silvestris (J. F. Macbride) G. Agostini = Cybianthus nanayensis (J.F. Macbr.) G. Agostini

Reference: Mez, C., 1902: 163. 


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 Cybianthus spicatus (H.B.K.) G. Agostini



Cybianthus spicatus (H.B.K.) G. Agostini

Synonyms: Cybianthus spicatus Kunth
Reference: Agostini, G., 1980: 146; Pipoly III, J. J., 1983: 74. 
Ecology: Native shrub, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1500 m. 
Voucher: Wolffe 12295 (F!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


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 Cybianthus spichigeri Pipoly



Cybianthus spichigeri Pipoly

Reference: Pipoly III, J. J., 1991: 43. 
Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Spichiger & Encarnaci&oacute;n 1224* (MO!), V&aacute;squez et al. 5911 (AMAZ, MO!)
Departments: Loreto.


$


 Cybianthus venezuelanus Mez



Cybianthus venezuelanus Mez

Reference: Mez, C., 1902: 221. 
Ecology: Native shrub, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 5308 (AMAZ, MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios.


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 Cybistax antisyphilitica (Mart.) C. Mart. ex DC.



Cybistax antisyphilitica (Mart.) C. Mart. ex DC.

Synonyms: Cybistax antisyphilitica (Vell.) J.F. Macbr., Cybistax antisyphilitica K. Schum., Cybistax antisyphilitica Loddiges, Cybistax antisyphilitica Mart., Cybistax antisyphilitica Spruce, Cybistax antisyphilitica Vell.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1362: 90; Gentry, A. H., 1992: 26. 
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: 0-2500 m. 
Note:   
Voucher: Gentry et al. 22842 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Loreto, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


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 Cybistax quinquefolia (Vell.) J.F. Macbr.


Cybistax quinquefolia (Vell.) J.F. Macbr. = Cybistax antisyphilitica (Mart.) C. Mart. ex DC.

Reference: FP 1362: 90; Gentry, A. H., 1992: 28. 


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 Cybistax sprucei K. Schum.


Cybistax sprucei K. Schum. = Cybistax antisyphilitica (Mart.) C. Mart. ex DC.

Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1992: 26. 


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 Cycas circinalis L.



Cycas circinalis L.

Reference: Eckenwalder, J. E., 1980: 720. 
Ecology: Cultivated shrub. Coastal: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Alb&aacute;n & Fern&aacute;ndez 338 (USM!)
Departments: Lima.


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 Cycas revoluta Thunb.



Cycas revoluta Thunb.

Reference: Eckenwalder, J. E., 1980: 721. 
Ecology: Cultivated shrub. Coastal: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Daza & Alb&aacute;n 368 (USM!)
Departments: Lima.


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 Cyclanthera biglandulifera Cogn.



Cyclanthera biglandulifera Cogn.

Reference: Jones, C. E., 1969: 159. 
Ecology: Native vine. Andean I: 1000-1500 m. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   
Voucher: Woytkowski 6446 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


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 Cyclanthera brachybotrys (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn.



Cyclanthera brachybotrys (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn.

Synonyms: Cyclanthera brachybotrys Poepp. & Endl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1379: 369; Jones, C. E., 1969: 159. 
Ecology: Native vine. Andean II: 2000-3500 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 1691* (W photo F), N&uacute;&ntilde;ez 7430 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Jun&iacute;n.


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 Cyclanthera cordifolia Cogn.



Cyclanthera cordifolia Cogn.

Synonyms: Cyclanthera cordifolia Cogn., Cyclanthera cordifolia Cogn., Cyclanthera cordifolia Cogn., Cyclanthera cordifolia Szysz.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1379: 370; Jones, C. E., 1969: 130; Jones, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native vine. Andean II: 1500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Boeke 3050* (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Puno.


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 Cyclanthera cordifolia var. angustifolia Cogn.


Cyclanthera cordifolia var. angustifolia Cogn. = Cyclanthera cordifolia Cogn.

Reference: FP 1379: 370; Jones, C. E., 1969: 130. 


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 Cyclanthera cordifolia var. subnuda Cogn.


Cyclanthera cordifolia var. subnuda Cogn. = Cyclanthera cordifolia Cogn.

Reference: FP 1379: 370; Jones, C. E., 1969: 130. 


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 Cyclanthera killipii Standl. ex J.F. Macbr.


Cyclanthera killipii Standl. ex J.F. Macbr. = Cyclanthera quinquelobata Cogn.

Reference: FP 1379: 370. 


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 Cyclanthera macropoda (Poeppig & Endlicher) Cogn.


Cyclanthera macropoda (Poeppig & Endlicher) Cogn. = Elateriopsis macropoda Cogn.

Reference: Martinez C., R., 1957: 231. 


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 Cyclanthera mathewsii Arn.



Cyclanthera mathewsii Arn.

Synonyms: Cyclanthera mathewsii Cogn.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1379: 371; Jones, C. E., 1969: 58. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean I-II, Coastal: 0-3500 m. 
Voucher: Mathews 736* (G photo F), Ferreyra 3845 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Lima, La Libertad, Moquegua.


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 Cyclanthera mathewsii var. subintegrifolia Cogn.


Cyclanthera mathewsii var. subintegrifolia Cogn. = Cyclanthera mathewsii Arn.

Reference: FP 1379: 371; Jones, C. E., 1969: 58. 


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 Cyclanthera microcarpa Cogn.



Cyclanthera microcarpa Cogn.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1379: 372; Jones, C. E., 1969: 114. 
Ecology: Native vine. Andean I-II: 1000-2000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry 22638 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, Lima, Piura, Puno.


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 Cyclanthera multifoliola Cogn.



Cyclanthera multifoliola Cogn.

Reference: Jones, C. E., 1969: 103. 
Ecology. 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7707 (MO!)
Departments: Tumbes.


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 Cyclanthera pedata (L.) Schrad.



Cyclanthera pedata (L.) Schrad.

Synonyms: Cyclanthera pedata L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1379: 372; Jones, C. E., 1969: 73. 
Ecology. 0-2500 m. 
Voucher: Soukup 3559 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Hu&aacute;nuco, Jun&iacute;n, Lima, Loreto, Piura, San Mart&iacute;n, Tumbes.


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 Cyclanthera phyllantha Harms



Cyclanthera phyllantha Harms

Reference: Flora Peru: 1379: 373; Jones, C. E., 1969: 165. 
Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean I-II: 500-2500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7919* (F), Ferreyra 1896 (GH)
Departments: Cuzco, Piura.


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 Cyclanthera quinquelobata Cogn.



Cyclanthera quinquelobata Cogn.

Synonyms: Cyclanthera quinquelobata Standl. ex J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1379: 370; Jones, C. E., 1969: 119. 
Ecology: Native vine. Andean II: 1500-2000 m. 
Voucher: Woytkowski 5547 (MO!)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


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 Cyclanthera siemiradzkii Szysz.


Cyclanthera siemiradzkii Szysz. = Cyclanthera cordifolia Cogn.

Reference: FP 1379: 370; Jones, C. E., 1969: 130. 


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 Cyclanthera tenuisepala Cogn.



Cyclanthera tenuisepala Cogn.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1379: 372; Jones, C. E., 1969: 63. 
Ecology: Native vine. Andean I-II, Coastal: 0-2000 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 7728 (F)
Departments: Tumbes.


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 Cyclanthera tomentosa Cogn.


Cyclanthera tomentosa Cogn. = Cyclanthera cordifolia Cogn.

Reference: FP 1379: 370; Jones, C. E., 1969: 130; Jones, pers. comm.. 


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 Cyclanthus bipartitus Poit. ex A. Rich.



Cyclanthus bipartitus Poit. ex A. Rich.

Synonyms: Cyclanthus bipartitus Spruce
Reference: Flora Peru: 756: 428; Harling, G., 1958: 400. 
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Ancuash 153 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Hu&aacute;nuco, Loreto, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n.


$


 Cyclolobium amazonicum Ducke


Cyclolobium amazonicum Ducke = Poecilanthe amazonica (Ducke) Ducke

Reference: Ducke, A., 1949: 165. 


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 Cyclopogon alpestris (Barbosa Rodrigues) Barb. Rodr.


Cyclopogon alpestris (Barbosa Rodrigues) Barb. Rodr. = Cyclopogon congestus (Vell.) Hoehne

Reference: FP 1438: 136; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: NN  


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 Cyclopogon congestus (Vell.) Hoehne



Cyclopogon congestus (Vell.) Hoehne

Synonyms: Cyclopogon congestus (Barbosa Rodrigues) Barb. Rodr., Cyclopogon congestus Barb. Rodr., Cyclopogon congestus Vell.
Reference: Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx. 
Note: Not known from Peru.   


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 Cyclopogon cranichoides (Griseb.) Schltr.



Cyclopogon cranichoides (Griseb.) Schltr.

Synonyms: Cyclopogon cranichoides (Griseb.) Cogn., Cyclopogon cranichoides (Griseb.) Small, Cyclopogon cranichoides Griseb., Cyclopogon cranichoides Schltr.
Reference: Garay, L. A., 1978: 271; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Andean I: 500-1500 m. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


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 Cyclopogon cranichoides Schltr.


Cyclopogon cranichoides Schltr. = Cyclopogon cranichoides (Griseb.) Schltr.

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: nom. illeg.  


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 Cyclopogon densiflorus Schltr.


Cyclopogon densiflorus Schltr. = Cyclopogon elatus (Sw.) Schltr.

Reference: FP 1438: 136; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


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 Cyclopogon elatus (Sw.) Schltr.



Cyclopogon elatus (Sw.) Schltr.

Synonyms: Cyclopogon elatus (Sw.) Richard, Cyclopogon elatus Kraenzl., Cyclopogon elatus Kuntze, Cyclopogon elatus Schltr., Cyclopogon elatus Sw.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 136; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


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 Cyclopogon glabrescens (Hashimoto) Dodson



Cyclopogon glabrescens (Hashimoto) Dodson

Synonyms: Cyclopogon glabrescens Hashimoto


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 Cyclopogon inaequilaterus (Poepp. & Endl.) Schltr.



Cyclopogon inaequilaterus (Poepp. & Endl.) Schltr.

Synonyms: Cyclopogon inaequilaterus (Poepp. & Endl.) Garay, Cyclopogon inaequilaterus (Poepp. & Endl.) Kuntze, Cyclopogon inaequilaterus Poepp. & Endl., Cyclopogon inaequilaterus Schltr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 139; Garay, L. A., 1978: 268; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Poeppig 1011* (W)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


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 Cyclopogon lindleyanus (Link, Klotzsch & Otto) Schltr.



Cyclopogon lindleyanus (Link, Klotzsch & Otto) Schltr.

Synonyms: Cyclopogon lindleyanus Link, Klotzsch & Otto
Reference: Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Andean I: 500-1500 m. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


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 Cyclopogon micrantha Barbosa Rodrigues, nom. illeg.


Cyclopogon micrantha Barbosa Rodrigues, nom. illeg. = Hapalorchis micranthus (Barb. Rodr. ) Hoehne

Reference: FP 1438: 141; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: NN  


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 Cyclopogon millei (Schltr.) Schltr.



Cyclopogon millei (Schltr.) Schltr.

Synonyms: Cyclopogon millei (Schltr.) Garay, Cyclopogon millei Schltr.
Reference: Garay, L. A., 1978: 268; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


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 Cyclopogon minutiflorus (Rchb. f.) Schltr.


Cyclopogon minutiflorus (Rchb. f.) Schltr. = Cyclopogon peruvianus (C. Presl) Schltr.

Reference: FP 1438: 136; Garay, L. A., 1978: 271; Dodson, pers. comm.. 


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 Cyclopogon moyobambae Schltr.


Cyclopogon moyobambae Schltr. = Cyclopogon inaequilaterus (Poepp. & Endl.) Schltr.

Reference: FP 1438: 136; Garay, L. A., 1978: 268. 


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 Cyclopogon olivaceus (Rolfe) Schltr.



Cyclopogon olivaceus (Rolfe) Schltr.

Synonyms: Cyclopogon olivaceus (Rolfe) Garay, Cyclopogon olivaceus (Rolfe) Schltr., Cyclopogon olivaceus Rolfe, Cyclopogon olivaceus Schltr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 142; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Andean I: 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Weberbauer 4547 (B)
Departments: Loreto.


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 Cyclopogon ovalifolium C. Presl



Cyclopogon ovalifolium C. Presl

Synonyms: Cyclopogon ovalifolium (C. Presl) Kuntze, Cyclopogon ovalifolium Lindl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 134; Garay, L. A., 1978: 258; Garay, L. A., 1978: 17. 
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (PR), Melin 111 (S)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Cyclopogon peruvianus (C. Presl) Schltr.



Cyclopogon peruvianus (C. Presl) Schltr.

Synonyms: Cyclopogon peruvianus (C. Presl) Garay, Cyclopogon peruvianus (C. Presl) Kuntze, Cyclopogon peruvianus (Rchb. f.) Schltr., Cyclopogon peruvianus C. Presl, Cyclopogon peruvianus Garay & Dunst., Cyclopogon peruvianus Rchb. f.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 136; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 2000-3000 m. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


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 Cyclopogon plantagineus (Lindl.) Schltr.



Cyclopogon plantagineus (Lindl.) Schltr.

Synonyms: Cyclopogon plantagineus (Lindl.) Garay, Cyclopogon plantagineus Lindl., Cyclopogon plantagineus Sprengel, nom. illeg.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 136; Garay, L. A., 1978: 272; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 500-2000 m. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


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 Cyclopogon rimbachii Schltr.



Cyclopogon rimbachii Schltr.

Synonyms: Cyclopogon rimbachii (Schltr.) C. Schweinf., Cyclopogon rimbachii (Schltr.) Garay
Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 145; Garay, L. A., 1978: 242; Dodson, pers. comm.. 
Ecology. 500-1500 m. 
Note: Not reconfirmed.   


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 Cyclopogon stictophyllus Schltr.


Cyclopogon stictophyllus Schltr. = Cyclopogon olivaceus (Rolfe) Schltr.

Reference: FP 1438: 136; Garay, L. A., 1978: 269. 


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 Cyclospermum leptophyllum (Pers.) Sprague, comb. illeg.


Cyclospermum leptophyllum (Pers.) Sprague, comb. illeg. = Ciclospermum leptophyllum var. leptophyllum 

Reference: FP 1293: 11; Constance, L., 1990: 277. 


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 Cycnoches bennettii Dodson



Cycnoches bennettii Dodson

Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 37. 
Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. Andean I: 500-1000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Hutchison 3737* (SEL)
Departments: Amazonas.


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 Cycnoches cooperi Rolfe



Cycnoches cooperi Rolfe

Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 592; Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 38. 
Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. Amazonian: 0-500 m. 
Voucher: Forget s.n.* , Bennett & Bennett 1602 (SEL)
Departments: San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Cycnoches haagii Barb. Rodr.



Cycnoches haagii Barb. Rodr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 593; Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 39. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I: 500-1000 m. 
Voucher: Schunke 0335 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco, San Mart&iacute;n.


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 Cycnoches jarae Dodson & Bennett



Cycnoches jarae Dodson & Bennett

Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 40. 
Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. Andean I: 500-1000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Bennett 3781 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


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 Cycnoches muscifera Lindl. & Paxton


Cycnoches muscifera Lindl. & Paxton = Polycycnis muscifera (Lindl. & Paxton) Rchb. f.

Reference: FP 1473: 605. 


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 Cycnoches pentadactylon Lindl.



Cycnoches pentadactylon Lindl.

Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 41. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I: 500-1500 m. 
Voucher: Bennett 0549 (MO!)
Departments: Pasco.


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 Cycnoches peruviana Rolfe



Cycnoches peruviana Rolfe

Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 593; Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 42. 
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I: 1000-1500 m. 
Voucher: Linden s.n.* , Bennett 1238 (MO!)
Departments: Hu&aacute;nuco.


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 Cycnoches quatuorcristis Bennett



Cycnoches quatuorcristis Bennett

Reference: Bennett Jr., D. E., 1992: 83. 
Ecology. 500-1000 m. 
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.   
Voucher: Fern&aacute;ndez 89368* (USM)
Departments: Jun&iacute;n.


$


 Cydista aequinoctialis (L.) Miers



Cydista aequinoctialis (L.) Miers

Synonyms: Cydista aequinoctialis L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1362: 61; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 151. 
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: 0-1000 m. 
Voucher: Gentry & Revilla 16281 (AMAZ!, MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Mart&iacute;n, Ucayali.


$


 Cydista bracteomana Schumann ex Sprague


Cydista bracteomana Schumann ex Sprague = Roentgenia bracteomana (Schumann ex Sprague) Urb.

Reference: FP 1362: 62; Gentry, A. H., 1977: 126. 


