16.1 For species range outside China, a country's name will be the smallest unit to be cited. A mountain range, like the Himalayas, which traverses more than one country, may be mentioned as a unit without listing the names of the countries included. For a widely distributed taxon, a more general description, such as Circumboreal, Eurasia, Pacific Islands, and Old World Tropics can be used.
16.2 Names of rivers, mountains, or islands within the Chinese border will follow the Chinese usage, with an English translation of the Chinese meaning, if used, placed inside the parenthesis [e.g., Heilong River, Heilong Jiang, or Heilongjiang (River), but not Heilongjiang River or Amur River; Mt. Changbai, Changbai Shan or Changbaishan (Mt.), but not Mt. Changbaishan].
16.3 The names of Chinese places will be the recent standard names that are spelled out according to Gazetteer of China- An index to the Atlas of the People's Republic of China, Map Press, Beijing printed in 1983 (i.e., "Beijing" not "Peking", "Jinghong" not "Cheli", and "Youyiguang" not "Zhengnanguang").
16.4 Official spelling of the names of Chinese provinces and autonomous regions are listed alphabetically as follows: Anhui, Beijing, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Menggu, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanghai, Shanxi, Shangdong, Sichuan, Taiwan, Tianjin, Xinjiang, Xizang, Yunnan, and Zhejiang.
16.5 When the distribution of a taxon is extensive in China, a more generalized regional term can be used, such as "East China", "SW China", or "throughout China except Xinjiang". In any discussion in the text, as much as possible, authors should try to avoid enumerating names of provinces from where a taxon is collected. The same provincial information can be found in the section of representative Chinese specimens cited.
16.6 When the distribution of a taxon is found only from a locality in one province of China or is found to be localized in a mountain range, a more specific geographical description can be used in listing the distribution in China, such as "SW Guangdong", "northern Zhejinag" or "Jiangxi (Lu Shan)".
16.7 Distribution maps may be included using the China base map provided to authors by the project center. Substituted maps are unacceptable because camera-ready maps will be developed directly from computer scans of distributions drawn by authors on provided maps. No more than three taxa should be included in a single distribution map. Use "dot method", instead of the "outline method" to show the range of distribution. Label maps with the species name(s) and the sequence number(s) of the taxa within the genus. All dotted maps should have legends for the species symbols that are explained on a separate page.