Notopleura (Benth. & Hook.f.) Bremek. (Rubiaceae: Psychotrieae) Charlotte M. Taylor [webpage] Missouri Botanical Garden P.O. Box 299 St. Louis, MO 63166 Click on the images below to see a larger image All photos courtesy of Robin Foster, Field Museum. Notopleura tapajozensis in Venezuela Notopleura cf. triaxillaris in Ecuador Notopleura plagiantha in Ecuador Notopleura (Benth. & Hook.f.) Bremek. includes about 100 species of shrubs and small trees distributed widely in the New World tropics. Notopleura plants are terrestrial or epiphytic herbs or subshrubs that are found in moist to wet tropical forests, from low to high elevations. The plants are usually fleshy to rather succulent, and the terrestrial species are often unbranched. The genus is distinguished by its stipules with glandular or laminar, often well developed appendages and its inflorescences that are terminal or often pseudoaxillary. The flowers are white, relatively small, and presumeably pollinated by insects. The carnose fruits are white, orange, red, or sometimes black, and presumeably dispersed by birds. Some Notopleura species are distylous. Notopleura species have previously been included by most authors in Psychotria Subg. Heteropsychotria Steyerm., but recent consideration of both morphological (Taylor, 1996, 2001) and molecular (Andersson & Rova, 1999; Nepokroeff, 1997; Nepokroeff et al., 1999) characters show that this genus is better treated separately. An overview of Notopleura was presented by Taylor (2001), who presented a key to its species and recognized two subgenera. Key to the Subgenera of Notopleura 1. Plants terrestrial, usually unbranched, usually erect; stipules with interpetiolar appendage succulent, or expanded into a lamina, or absent; inflorescences pseudoaxillary; pyrenes 2, in cross-section hemispherical to strongly dorsiventally flattened...Subg. Notopleura 1. Plants epiphytic, usually branched, often clambering or climbing; stipules with interpetiolar appendage succulent or absent; inflorescences terminal or pseudoaxillary; pyrenes 2 to 6, in cross-section hemispherical to triangular or somewhat dorsiventally flattened...Subg. Viscagoga References Andersson, L. & J.H.E. Rova. 1999. The rps16 intron and the phylogeny of the Rubioideae (Rubiaceae). Pl. Syst. Evol. 214: 161-186. Nepokroeff, M. 1997. Systematics of the tropical shrub genus Psychotria L.: Origins, speciation, and breeding systems in Hawaii. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Wisconsin-Madison. Nepokroeff, M., B. Bremer & K.J. Sytsma. 1999. Reorganization of the genus Psychotria and tribe Psychotrieae (Rubiaceae) inferred from ITS and rbcL sequence data. Syst. Bot. 24: 5-27. Taylor, C.M. 1996. Overview of the Psychotrieae (Rubiaceae) in the Neotropics. Opera Bot. Belg. 7: 261-270. Taylor, C.M. 2001. Overview of the neotropical genus Notopleura (Rubiaceae: Psychotrieae) with the description of some new species. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 88: 478-515. Taylor, C.M. 2003. Rubiacearum americanarum magna hama pars XV. New species and two new combinations in Notopleura (Psychotrieae) from Central and South America. Novon 13: 228-260. TOP List of Names and Synonyms of Notopleura The following list is based on monographic work in this genus. Accepted names are presented in bold; synonymous names appear with an equals sign; members of Subg. Viscagoga are indicated with an asterisk*. Several names listed below are taken from Steyermark (1972) but have not been studied in detail. Further information on the names can be found in the TROPICOS database [http://www.tropicos.org/]. Cephaelis [webpage] Cephaelis bristanii Dwyer = Notopleura polyphlebia Cephaelis camponutans Dwyer & M.V. Hayden = Notopleura camponutans Cephaelis gaugeri Dwyer = Notopleura camponutans Cephaelis latistipula Dwyer = Notopleura latistipula Cephaelis leucantha (Standl.) K. Krause = Notopleura leucantha Cephaelis plagiantha Standl. = Notopleura plagiantha Coffea marginata Benth. = Notopleura marginata Hoffmannia striata Rusby = Notopleura sp. (see discussion under Notopleura macrophylla in Taylor, 2001) Loranthus guadalupensis DC. = Notopleura guadalupensis* Montamans panamensis Dwyer = Notopleura panamensis Notopleura Notopleura acuta C.M. Taylor, Ecuador Notopleura aequatoriana C.M. Taylor, Ecuador Notopleura aggregata (Standl.) C.M. Taylor, Costa Rica to northwestern Colombia Notopleura agostinii (Steyerm.) C.M. Taylor, Venezuela Notopleura albens C.M. Taylor, northwestern Ecuador Notopleura aligera (Steyerm.) C.M. Taylor*, Venezuela, Guyana Notopleura amicitiae C.M. Taylor, Costa Rica, Panama Notopleura aneurophylla (Standl.) C.M. Taylor, Venezuela Notopleura aneurophylloides (Steyerm.) C.M. Taylor, Venezuela Notopleura angustissima (Standl.) C.M. Taylor, Panama and adjacent Colombia Notopleura anomothyrsa (K. Schum. & Donn. Sm.) C.M. Taylor, central Mexico to northern Peru Notopleura araguensis (Steyerm.) C.M. Taylor, Venezuela Notopleura bahiensis C.M. Taylor*, Brazil Notopleura biloba C.M. Taylor, Colombia Notopleura bryophila C.M. Taylor, Ecuador Notopleura callejasii C.M. Taylor, Colombia Notopleura camponutans (Dwyer & M.V. Hayden) C.M. Taylor, Costa Rica to central Panama Notopleura capacifolia (Dwyer) C.M. Taylor, Nicaragua to Peru Notopleura capitata C.M. Taylor, Nicaragua to Panama Notopleura chapensis (Steyerm.) C.M. Taylor, Venezuela Notopleura cincinalis C.M. Taylor, Ecuador, Peru Notopleura cocleensis C.M. Taylor*, Panama Notopleura congesta C.M. Taylor, Ecaudor, Peru Notopleura corniculata C.M. Taylor, Colombia, Ecuador Notopleura corymbosa C.M. Taylor, Ecuador Notopleura costaricensis C.M. Taylor, Cota Rica Notopleura crassa (Benth.) C.M. Taylor*, Venezuela, Guianas Notopleura cundinamarcana C.M. Taylor, Colombia Notopleura decurrens (Steyerm.) C.M. Taylor, Venezuela Notopleura discolor (Griseb.) C.M. Taylor, Jamaica, Lesser Antilles Notopleura dukei (Dwyer) C.M. Taylor, Panama Notopleura elegans C.M. Taylor*, Costa Rica, Panama Notopleura epiphytica (K. Krause) C.M. Taylor*, Nicaragua to the Guianas and Bolivia Notopleura episcandens C.M. Taylor*, Panama Notopleura fernandezii (Steyerm.) C.M. Taylor, Venezuela Notopleura guadalupensis (DC.) C.M. Taylor*, Mexico through the Antilles and northern South America Notopleura hondurensis C.M. Taylor, Mexico to Honduras Notopleura humensis (Steyerm.) C.M. Taylor, Venezuela Notopleura hurtadoi C.M. Taylor, Ecuador Notopleura hypolaevis C.M. Taylor, Ecuador Notopleura iridescens C.M. Taylor, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru Notopleura lanosa C.M. Taylor, Colombia Notopleura lateralis (Steyerm.) C.M. Taylor, French Guiana Notopleura lateriflora (Standl.) C.M. Taylor, western Colombia, Ecuador Notopleura latistipula (Dwyer) C.M. Taylor, Costa Rica Notopleura leucantha (K. Krause) C.M. Taylor, Colombia to Bolivia Notopleura longiflora C.M. Taylor, Colombia Notopleura longipedunculata (Dwyer) C.M. Taylor, nom. illeg., = Notopleura longipedunculoides Notopleura longipedunculoides (C.M. Taylor) C.M. Taylor, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador Notopleura longissima (Standl.) Bremek., Panama, western Colombia Notopleura macrophylla (Ruiz & Pav.) C.M. Taylor, Mexico to the Guianas and Bolivia Notopleura macropodantha (Standl.) C.M. Taylor, Colombia Notopleura madida (Standl.) C.M. Taylor, Ecuador Notopleura marginata (Benth.) C.M. Taylor, Colombia, Ecuador Notopleura maxonii (Standl.) C.M. Taylor*, Costa Rica, Panama Notopleura merumensis (Steyerm.) C.M. Taylor*, Guyana Notopleura micayensis (Standl.) Bremek., Costa Rica to Peru Notopleura microbracteata (Steyerm.) C.M. Taylor, French Guiana Notopleura montana C.M. Taylor, Costa Rica to Venezuela and Peru Notopleura multinervia C.M. Taylor, Panama Notopleura multiramosa (Steyerm.) C.M. Taylor*, Venezuela, Guyana Notopleura neokroeffiae C.M. Taylor, Costa Rica, Panama Notopleura obtusa C.M. Taylor, Ecuador, Peru Notopleura pacorana C.M. Taylor, Panama Notopleura palestinae (Standl. ex Steyerm.) C.M. Taylor, Panama, northwestern Colombia Notopleura panamensis (Dwyer) C.M. Taylor, Costa Rica, Panama Notopleura parasiggersiana C.M. Taylor, Colombia to Peru Notopleura parvifolia C.M. Taylor, Panama Notopleura patria (Standl. & Steyerm.) C.M. Taylor, Venezuela Notopleura penduliflora C.M. Taylor, Panama Notopleura peperomiae (Standl.) C.M. Taylor*, Costa Rica, Panama Notopleura perpapillifera (Steyerm.) C.M. Taylor*, Trinidad, Tobago, Venezuela, Guyana Notopleura perparva (Dwyer) C.M. Taylor, Panama and adjacent Colombia Notopleura pilosula C.M. Taylor, Panama, northwestern Colombia Notopleura pithecobia (Standl.) C.M. Taylor*, Costa Rica to Ecuador Notopleura plagiantha (Standl.) C.M. Taylor, Panama to Bolivia Notopleura polyphlebia (Standl.) C.M. Taylor, Nicaragua to Peru Notopleura pyramidata C.M. Taylor, Colombia Notopleura saulensis (Steyerm.) C.M. Taylor, French Guiana, perhaps to Bolivia Notopleura scarlatina C.M. Taylor, Ecuador Notopleura siggersiana (Standl.) C.M. Taylor, Mexico to northwestern Colombia Notopleura spiciformis C.M. Taylor, western Colombia, Ecuador Notopleura standleyana (Steyerm.) C.M. Taylor, Venezuela Notopleura steyermarkiana C.M. Taylor, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador Notopleura subimbricata (Steyerm.) C.M. Taylor, Venzuela Notopleura submarginalis C.M. Taylor, Panama Notopleura sucrensis (Steyerm.) C.M. Taylor, Venezuela Notopleura tapajozensis (Standl.) Bremek., Venezuela, Brazil, Colombia Notopleura terepaimensis (Steyerm.) C.M. Taylor, Venezuela Notopleura thesceloantha (Steyerm.) C.M. Taylor, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador Notopleura tolimensis (Wernham) C.M. Taylor, Mexico to Peru Notopleura tonduzii (Standl.) C.M. Taylor, Nicaragua to Panama Notopleura torrana C.M. Taylor, Colombia Notopleura triaxillaris C.M. Taylor, Ecuador, Peru Notopleura tubulistipula C.M. Taylor, Ecaudor Notopleura uberta (Standl. & Steyerm.) C.M. Taylor, Venezuela Notopleura uliginosa (Sw.) Bremek., Mexico and the Antilles to northern South America Notopleura vargasiana C.M. Taylor*, Ecuador, Peru Notoleura wilburiana (Dwyer) C.M. Taylor, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador Notopleura zarucchiana C.M. Taylor, Colombia Psychotria aggregata Standl. = Notopleura aggregata Psychotria agostinii Steyerm. = Notopleura agostinii Psychotria albacostata Rusby = Notopleura macrophylla Psychotria aligera Steyerm. = Notopleura aligera* Psychotria amplinoda Steyerm. = Notopleura tapajozensis Psychotria amplinoda var. ayangannae Steyerm. = Notopleura tapajozensis Psychotria aneurophylla Standl. = Notopleura aneurophylla Psychotria aneurophylloides Steyerm. = Notopleura aneurophylloides Psychotria anomothyrsa K. Schum. & Donn. Sm. = Notopleura anomothyrsa Psychotria araguensis Steyerm. = Notopleura araguensis Psychotria bullatifolia Standl. = Notopleura polyphlebia Psychotria camponutans (Dwyer & M.V. Hayden) Hammel = Notopleura camponutans Psychotria capacifolia Dwyer = Notopleura capacifolia Psychotria caribaea Urb. = Notopleura discolor Psychotria cartagoensis Nepokroeff = Notopleura latistipula Psychotria chaponensis Steyerm. = Notopleura chaponensis Psychotria crassa Benth. = Notopleura crassa* Psychotria crassa f. alba Steyerm. = Notopleura crassa* Psychotria crassa f. angustior Steyerm. = Notopleura crassa* Psychotria decurrens Steyerm. = Notopleura decurrens Psychotria discolor (Griseb.) Rolfe = Notopleura discolor Psychotria dosbocensis Dwyer = Notopleura capacifolia Psychotria dudleyi Standl. = Notopleura sp.* (see discussion under Notopleura epiphytica in Taylor, 2001) Psychotria dukei Dwyer = Notopleura dukei Psychotria epiphytica K. Krause = Notopleura epiphytica* Psychotria fernandezii Steyerm. = Notopleura fernandezii Psychotria ferreyrae C.M. Taylor = Notopleura leucantha Psychotria guadalupensis (DC.) Howard = Notopleura guadalupensis* Psychotria guadalupensis subsp. grosourdieana (Baill.) Steyerm. = Notopleura guadalupensis* Psychotria guadalupensis subsp. tetrapyrena (Urb.) Steyerm. = Notopleura guadalupensis* Psychotria guadalupensis subsp. venezuelica Steyerm. = Notopleura guadalupensis* Psychotria hartwegiana Standl. = Notopleura marginata Psychotria humensis Steyerm. = Notopleura humensis Psychotria killipii Standl. = Notopleura sp.* (see discussion under Notopleura pithecobia in Taylor, 2001) Psychotria lassula Standl. = Notopleura epiphytica* Psychotria laevis DC. = Notopleura uliginosa Psychotria laevis var. angustifolia Benth. = Notopleura uliginosa Psychotria lateralis Steyerm. = Notopleura lateralis Psychotria lateriflora Standl. = Notopleura lateriflora Psychotria longipedunculata Dwyer (nom. illeg.) = N. longipedunculoides Psychotria longipedunculoides C.M. Taylor = N. longipedunculoides Psychotria longissima Standl. = Notopleura longissima Psychotria macrophylla Ruiz & Pav. = Notopleura macrophylla Psychotria macrophylla subsp. albacostata (Rusby) Steyerm. = Notopleura macrophylla Psychotria macrophylla var. angustissima Standl. = Notopleura angustissima Psychotria macrophylla subsp. anomothyrsa (K. Schm. & Donn. Sm.) Steyerm. = Notopleura anomothyrsa Psychotria macrophylla subsp. anomothyrsa f. tomentella Steyerm. = Notopleura anomothyrsa Psychotria macropodantha Standl. = Notopleura macropodantha Psychotria madida Standl. = N. madida Psychotria maxonii Standl. = Notopleura maxonii* Psychotria merumensis Steyerm. = Notopleura merumensis* Psychotria micayensis Standl. = Notopleura micayensis Psychotria microbracteata Steyerm. = Notopleura microbracteata Psychotria morii Dywer = Notopleura siggersiana Psychotria multiramosa Steyerm. = Notopleura multiramosa* Psychotria orchidearum Standl. = Notopleura epiphytica* Psychotria orchidearum subsp. persedens Dwyer = Notopleura peperomiae* Psychotria palestinae Standl. ex Steyerm. = Notopleura palestinae Psychotria paramorum Standl. = Notopleura epiphytica* Psychotria parasitica Sw. (nom. illeg.) = Notopleura guadalupensis* Psychotria patria Standl. & Steyerm. = Notopleura patria Psychotria patria var. tovarensis Steyerm. = Notopleura patria Psychotria pendula (Jacq.) Urb. = Notopleura guadalupensis* Psychotria pendula subsp. grosourdieana (Baill.) Urb. = Notopleura guadalupensis* Psychotria pendula subsp. tetrapyrena Urb. = Notopleura guadalupensis* Psychotria pendula subsp. trinitensis Urb. = Notopleura perpapillifera* Psychotria peperomiae Standl. = Notopleura peperomiae* Psychotria perpapillifera Steyerm. = Notopleura perpapillifera* Psychotria perparva Dwyer = Notopleura perparva Psychotria phytolacca DC. = Notopleura uliginosa Psychotria pithecobia Standl. = Notopleura pithecobia* Psychotria plagiantha (Standl.) C.M. Taylor = Notopleura plagiantha Psychotria polyphlebia Standl. = Notopleura polyphlebia Psychotria saulensis Steyerm. = Notopleura saulensis Psychotria semimetralis K. Krause = Notopleura epiphytica* Psychotria siggersiana Standl. = Notopleura siggersiana Psychotria standleyana Styerm. = Notopleura standleyana Psychotria subimbricata Steyerm. = Notopleura subimbricata Psychotria sucrensis Steyerm. = Notopleura sucrensis Psychotria tapajozensis Standl. = Notopleura tapajozensis Psychotria terepaimensis Steyerm. = Notopleura terepaimensis Psychotria thesceloantha Steyerm. = Notopleura thesceloantha Psychotria tolimensis Wernham = Notopleura tolimensis Psychotria tonduzii Standl. = Notopleura tonduzii Psychotria uberta Standl. & Steyerm. = Notopleura uberta Psychotria uliginosa Sw. = Notopleura uliginosa Psychotria uliginosa var. discolor Griseb. = Notopleura discolor Psychotria victoriae Dwyer (nom. illeg.) = Notopleura tolimensis Psychotria wilburiana Dwyer = Notopleura wilburiana Psychotria xerococcoides Dwyer = Notopleura panamensis Uragoga grosourdieana Baill. = Notopleura guadalupensis* Uragoga leucantha K. Krause = Notopleura leucantha Uragoga uliginosa (Sw.) Kuntze = Notopleura uliginosa Viscoides pendulum Jacq. = Notopleura guadalupensis* Text and Images, unless otherwise indicated, Copyright © by Charlotte M. Taylor. All rights reserved. This webpage was last revised on April 8, 2008. TOP